WO2022227899A1 - Method and apparatus for designing hybrid precoder of large-scale mimo transmitter - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for designing hybrid precoder of large-scale mimo transmitter Download PDF

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WO2022227899A1
WO2022227899A1 PCT/CN2022/081098 CN2022081098W WO2022227899A1 WO 2022227899 A1 WO2022227899 A1 WO 2022227899A1 CN 2022081098 W CN2022081098 W CN 2022081098W WO 2022227899 A1 WO2022227899 A1 WO 2022227899A1
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precoder
radio frequency
hybrid
analog
design
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PCT/CN2022/081098
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王劲涛
王薛涵
潘长勇
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清华大学
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a method and device for designing a hybrid precoder of a massive MIMO transmitter.
  • Hybrid precoding divides the precoding of massive MIMO system into two parts: analog precoding and digital precoding, which can drive a larger number of antennas with fewer RF links, thus achieving high spectral efficiency and high performance.
  • a compromise between low energy consumption is one of the key technologies in the field of 5G wireless communication, especially millimeter wave communication.
  • Typical hybrid precoding structures are mostly fixed structures, such as the fully connected and fixed sub-connected structures shown in Figure 1(a) and Figure 1(b), which have been fully developed and basically reach the upper limit of theoretical performance.
  • the dynamic sub-connection is a new hybrid precoding structure, which can improve the flexibility of the precoding structure by switching the connection relationship between the radio frequency link and the antenna.
  • the dynamic sub-connection structure not only absorbs the advantages of high energy efficiency of the traditional sub-connection structure, but also dynamically adjusts the connection relationship according to the real-time channel state information, so it can have higher spectral efficiency and energy efficiency. In recent years, it is gradually becoming a hybrid precoding. Alternative for further transmitter optimization.
  • the present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.
  • an object of the present invention is to propose a design method for a massive MIMO transmitter hybrid precoder, which can realize the rapid design of the hybrid precoder in the dynamic sub-connection mode, and has higher spectral efficiency and energy. efficiency.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for designing a hybrid precoder for a massive MIMO transmitter.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for designing a hybrid precoder for a massive MIMO transmitter, including:
  • a water-filling algorithm is used to realize the design of the digital precoder.
  • an analog precoder is designed using a greedy algorithm and phase matching according to known channel matrix information; The equivalent channel information is obtained, and the design of digital precoder is realized by using the water-filling algorithm. In this way, the hybrid precoder in the dynamic sub-connection mode can be rapidly designed, and has higher spectral efficiency and energy efficiency.
  • the method for designing a hybrid precoder for a massive MIMO transmitter may also have the following additional technical features:
  • the hybrid precoder is divided into two parts by the radio frequency link, an analog precoder connecting the radio frequency link and the transmitting antenna, and a digital precoder connecting the data stream and the radio frequency link
  • the analog precoder is a dynamic sub-connection structure that can adjust the connection relationship between the antenna and the radio frequency link, and is composed of a dynamic connection network composed of switches and a constant-modulus phase shifter at the antenna.
  • the equivalent channel information is:
  • NR is the number of antennas of the receiver
  • NT is the number of antennas of the transmitter
  • NRF is the number of radio frequency links between the transmitter and the receiver.
  • the hybrid precoder and the channel matrix are models in the complex domain.
  • the hybrid precoder takes optimizing the spectral efficiency given by Shannon's formula under the condition of additive white Gaussian noise as the optimization goal, and takes limited transmit power and dynamic sub-connection structure as constraints.
  • another embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for designing a hybrid precoder for a massive MIMO transmitter, including:
  • a first design module configured to design an analog precoder by using a greedy algorithm and phase matching according to the known channel matrix information
  • the second design module is configured to use a water-filling algorithm to design a digital precoder according to the equivalent channel information formed by the channel matrix and the analog precoder.
  • the device for designing a hybrid precoder for a massive MIMO transmitter uses a greedy algorithm and phase matching to design an analog precoder according to known channel matrix information; The equivalent channel information is obtained, and the design of digital precoder is realized by using the water-filling algorithm. In this way, the hybrid precoder in the dynamic sub-connection mode can be rapidly designed, and has higher spectral efficiency and energy efficiency.
  • the apparatus for designing a hybrid precoder for a massive MIMO transmitter may also have the following additional technical features:
  • the hybrid precoder is divided into two parts by the radio frequency link, an analog precoder connecting the radio frequency link and the transmitting antenna, and a digital precoder connecting the data stream and the radio frequency link
  • the analog precoder is a dynamic sub-connection structure that can adjust the connection relationship between the antenna and the radio frequency link, and is composed of a dynamic connection network composed of switches and a constant-modulus phase shifter at the antenna.
  • the equivalent channel information is:
  • NR is the number of antennas of the receiver
  • NT is the number of antennas of the transmitter
  • NRF is the number of radio frequency links between the transmitter and the receiver.
  • the hybrid precoder and the channel matrix are models in the complex domain.
  • the hybrid precoder takes optimizing the spectral efficiency given by Shannon's formula under the condition of additive white Gaussian noise as the optimization goal, and takes limited transmit power and dynamic sub-connection structure as constraints.
  • 1 is a schematic diagram of three hybrid precoding structures
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for designing a hybrid precoder for a massive MIMO transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a simulation of spectral efficiency performance according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of energy efficiency performance simulation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for designing a hybrid precoder for a massive MIMO transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the number of data streams to be sent is set to be N s , and the number of radio frequency links of the transmitter and the receiver is both N RF , the number of antennas of the receiver is NR , and the number of antennas of the transmitter is NT .
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for designing a hybrid precoder for a massive MIMO transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the massive MIMO transmitter hybrid precoder design method includes the following steps:
  • Step S1 design an analog precoder by using a greedy algorithm and phase matching according to the known channel matrix information.
  • the structure adopted in the present invention is the dynamic sub-connection structure hybrid precoder given in FIG. 1(c), which is divided into an analog precoder connecting the radio frequency link and the transmitting antenna and a connecting data stream by the radio frequency link. It has two parts with the digital precoder of the radio frequency link.
  • the analog precoder is a dynamic sub-connection structure that can adjust the connection relationship between the antenna and the radio frequency link. It is composed of a dynamic connection network composed of switches and a constant modulus phase shifter at the antenna. .
  • hybrid precoder and the channel matrix are models in the complex domain.
  • the hybrid precoder takes the spectral efficiency given by the Shannon formula under the condition of additive white Gaussian noise as the optimization goal, and takes the finite transmit power and dynamic sub-connection structure as the optimization goal. as constraints.
  • the antenna array division and the phase shifter design can be completed at the same time, thereby obtaining the design result of the analog precoder.
  • the present invention can also be applied to other situations. As long as the corresponding relationship between the receiving antenna and the radio frequency link can be established (for example, the receiver adopts a fixed sub-connection structure), the method proposed by the present invention can still work normally.
  • a step is added between step S103 and It is mapped to the RF link sequence number m, and replaces all the following steps with m That is, no further description will be given.
  • steps S104 and S105 it is assumed that the number of antennas that can be connected to each radio frequency link is fixed to M, but the present invention can be easily applied to other hypothetical situations. Steps S104 and S105; if you only want to connect at least one antenna to each radio frequency link, you only need to reduce the number of radio frequency links when the number of remaining antennas is equal to the number of radio frequency links without antennas connected. is the set of RF links with no antenna connected. Here, only a simple case where the number of antennas connected to each radio frequency link is fixed to be M is listed.
  • Step S2 according to the equivalent channel information formed by the channel matrix and the analog precoder, the design of the digital precoder is realized by using the water filling algorithm.
  • a hybrid precoder design is performed according to the method of the present invention, and the required computational complexity is
  • the simulation verification results given in Figure 3 and Figure 4 can prove that this algorithm does have good spectral efficiency and energy efficiency performance.
  • the transmitter has 128 antennas
  • the receiver has 8 antennas
  • the channel model is the Saleh-Valenzuela model with 12 paths
  • the simulation parameters in Figure 4 are set to 8 data streams, and both the receiver and the transmitter are used.
  • the embodiment of the present invention has very good performance when the channel is a millimeter-wave channel described by the Saleh-Valenzuela model, and the receiver is an all-digital receiver (the number of receiver antennas is equal to the number of radio frequency links).
  • the proposed method does not depend on this and still works fine in other situations.
  • the greedy algorithm and phase matching are used to design an analog precoder according to the known channel matrix information;
  • the effective channel information is used to realize the design of the digital precoder by using the water-filling algorithm.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for designing a hybrid precoder for a massive MIMO transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the apparatus for designing a hybrid precoder for a massive MIMO transmitter includes: a first design module 501 and a second design module 502 .
  • the first design module 501 is configured to design an analog precoder by using a greedy algorithm and phase matching according to known channel matrix information.
  • the second design module 502 is configured to use a water-filling algorithm to design a digital precoder according to the equivalent channel information formed by the channel matrix and the analog precoder.
  • the hybrid precoder is divided into two parts by the radio frequency link, an analog precoder connecting the radio frequency link and the transmitting antenna, and a digital precoder connecting the data stream and the radio frequency link
  • the analog precoder is a dynamic sub-connection structure that can adjust the connection relationship between the antenna and the radio frequency link. It is composed of a dynamic connection network composed of switches and a constant-modulus phase shifter at the antenna.
  • the equivalent channel information is:
  • NR is the number of antennas of the receiver
  • NT is the number of antennas of the transmitter
  • NRF is the number of radio frequency links between the transmitter and the receiver.
  • the hybrid precoder and the channel matrix are models in the complex domain.
  • the hybrid precoder takes optimizing the spectral efficiency given by Shannon's formula under the condition of additive white Gaussian noise as the optimization goal, and takes limited transmit power and dynamic sub-connection structure as constraints.
  • an analog precoder is designed using a greedy algorithm and phase matching according to the known channel matrix information; according to the channel matrix and the analog precoder
  • the equivalent channel information formed by the encoder is used, and the design of the digital precoder is realized by using the water-filling algorithm.
  • first and second are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature delimited with “first”, “second” may expressly or implicitly include at least one of that feature.
  • plurality means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise expressly and specifically defined.

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Abstract

Disclosed are a method and apparatus for designing a hybrid precoder of a large-scale MIMO transmitter having low complexity. The method comprises: according to known channel matrix information, using a greedy algorithm and phase matching to design an analog precoder; and according to equivalent channel information composed of a channel matrix and the analog precoder, using a water injection algorithm to design a digital precoder. The method can achieve with low complexity the design of a hybrid precoder having a dynamic sub-connection structure, and can achieve a high spectral efficiency and energy efficiency.

Description

大规模MIMO发射机混合预编码器设计方法及装置Massive MIMO transmitter hybrid precoder design method and device
相关申请的交叉引用CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
本申请要求清华大学于2021年4月30日提交的、发明名称为“大规模MIMO发射机混合预编码器设计方法及装置”的、中国专利申请号“202110478777.9”的优先权。This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application number "202110478777.9" filed by Tsinghua University on April 30, 2021 with the title of "Design Method and Device for Massive MIMO Transmitter Hybrid Precoder".
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及通信技术领域，特别涉及一种大规模MIMO发射机混合预编码器设计方法及装置。The present invention relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a method and device for designing a hybrid precoder of a massive MIMO transmitter.
背景技术Background technique
混合预编码(hybridprecoding)将大规模MIMO系统的预编码划分为模拟预编码和数字预编码两个部分，可以实现以较少的射频链路驱动较多数量的天线，从而能够在高频谱效率与低能量消耗之间达到折中，是5G无线通信领域，尤其是毫米波通信中的关键技术之一。典型的混合预编码结构多为固定结构，例如图1(a)与图1(b)所示的全连接与固定子连接结构，已经得到了充分的发展，基本达到了理论性能的上限。Hybrid precoding divides the precoding of massive MIMO system into two parts: analog precoding and digital precoding, which can drive a larger number of antennas with fewer RF links, thus achieving high spectral efficiency and high performance. A compromise between low energy consumption is one of the key technologies in the field of 5G wireless communication, especially millimeter wave communication. Typical hybrid precoding structures are mostly fixed structures, such as the fully connected and fixed sub-connected structures shown in Figure 1(a) and Figure 1(b), which have been fully developed and basically reach the upper limit of theoretical performance.
动态子连接则是一种新的混合预编码结构，通过开关切换射频链路与天线之间的连接关系，能够提高预编码结构的灵活性。动态子连接结构既吸纳了传统子连接结构能量效率高的优点，又能够根据实时的信道状态信息动态调整连接关系，因此能够具有更高的频谱效率与能量效率，近年来正逐渐成为混合预编码发射机进一步优化的备选方案。The dynamic sub-connection is a new hybrid precoding structure, which can improve the flexibility of the precoding structure by switching the connection relationship between the radio frequency link and the antenna. The dynamic sub-connection structure not only absorbs the advantages of high energy efficiency of the traditional sub-connection structure, but also dynamically adjusts the connection relationship according to the real-time channel state information, so it can have higher spectral efficiency and energy efficiency. In recent years, it is gradually becoming a hybrid precoding. Alternative for further transmitter optimization.
现有针对动态子连接的研究较少，且给出的设计方案大多具有较高的复杂度因而难以应用，需要得到进一步的优化。There are few existing researches on dynamic sub-connection, and most of the given design schemes have high complexity and are difficult to apply, and need to be further optimized.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明旨在至少在一定程度上解决相关技术中的技术问题之一。The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.
为此，本发明的一个目的在于提出一种大规模MIMO发射机混合预编码器设计方法，该方法能够实现动态子连接模式下的混合预编码器快速设计，并具有较高的频谱效率与能量效率。Therefore, an object of the present invention is to propose a design method for a massive MIMO transmitter hybrid precoder, which can realize the rapid design of the hybrid precoder in the dynamic sub-connection mode, and has higher spectral efficiency and energy. efficiency.
本发明的另一个目的在于提出一种大规模MIMO发射机混合预编码器设计装置。Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for designing a hybrid precoder for a massive MIMO transmitter.
为达到上述目的，本发明一方面实施例提出了一种大规模MIMO发射机混合预编码器设计方法，包括：To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for designing a hybrid precoder for a massive MIMO transmitter, including:
根据已知的信道矩阵信息，利用贪心算法与相位匹配设计模拟预编码器；According to the known channel matrix information, use the greedy algorithm and phase matching to design the analog precoder;
根据所述信道矩阵与所述模拟预编码器构成的等效信道信息，利用注水算法实现数字预编码器的设计。According to the equivalent channel information formed by the channel matrix and the analog precoder, a water-filling algorithm is used to realize the design of the digital precoder.
本发明实施例的大规模MIMO发射机混合预编码器设计方法，根据已知的信道矩阵信息，利用贪心算法与相位匹配设计模拟预编码器；根据所述信道矩阵与所述模拟预编码器构成的等效信道信息，利用注水算法实现数字预编码器的设计。由此，能够实现动态子连接模式下的混合预编码器快速设计，并具有较高的频谱效率与能量效率。In the method for designing a hybrid precoder for a massive MIMO transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention, an analog precoder is designed using a greedy algorithm and phase matching according to known channel matrix information; The equivalent channel information is obtained, and the design of digital precoder is realized by using the water-filling algorithm. In this way, the hybrid precoder in the dynamic sub-connection mode can be rapidly designed, and has higher spectral efficiency and energy efficiency.
另外，根据本发明上述实施例的大规模MIMO发射机混合预编码器设计方法还可以具有以下附加的技术特征：In addition, the method for designing a hybrid precoder for a massive MIMO transmitter according to the foregoing embodiments of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:
进一步地，在本发明的一个实施例中，混合预编码器被射频链路分为连接射频链路与发射天线的模拟预编码器和连接数据流与射频链路的数字预编码器两部分，所述模拟预编码器为可调整天线与射频链路间连接关系的动态子连接结构，由开关组成的动态连接网络与天线处的恒模移相器构成。Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the hybrid precoder is divided into two parts by the radio frequency link, an analog precoder connecting the radio frequency link and the transmitting antenna, and a digital precoder connecting the data stream and the radio frequency link, The analog precoder is a dynamic sub-connection structure that can adjust the connection relationship between the antenna and the radio frequency link, and is composed of a dynamic connection network composed of switches and a constant-modulus phase shifter at the antenna.
进一步地，在本发明的一个实施例中，所述等效信道信息为：Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the equivalent channel information is:
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000001
其中，
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000002
为已知的信道矩阵，
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000003
为模拟预编码器矩阵，N R为接收机的天线数，N T为发射机的天线数，N RF为发射机与接收机的射频链路数。 in,
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000002
is the known channel matrix,
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000003
is the analog precoder matrix, NR is the number of antennas of the receiver, NT is the number of antennas of the transmitter, and NRF is the number of radio frequency links between the transmitter and the receiver.
进一步地，在本发明的一个实施例中，混合预编码器与信道矩阵为复数域的模型。Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the hybrid precoder and the channel matrix are models in the complex domain.
进一步地，在本发明的一个实施例中，混合预编码器以优化加性高斯白噪声条件下香农公式所给出的频谱效率为优化目标，以有限发射功率和动态子连接结构为约束条件。Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the hybrid precoder takes optimizing the spectral efficiency given by Shannon's formula under the condition of additive white Gaussian noise as the optimization goal, and takes limited transmit power and dynamic sub-connection structure as constraints.
为达到上述目的，本发明另一方面实施例提出了一种大规模MIMO发射机混合预编码器设计装置，包括：In order to achieve the above object, another embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for designing a hybrid precoder for a massive MIMO transmitter, including:
第一设计模块，用于根据已知的信道矩阵信息，利用贪心算法与相位匹配设计模拟预编码器；a first design module, configured to design an analog precoder by using a greedy algorithm and phase matching according to the known channel matrix information;
第二设计模块，用于根据所述信道矩阵与所述模拟预编码器构成的等效信道信息，利用注水算法实现数字预编码器的设计。The second design module is configured to use a water-filling algorithm to design a digital precoder according to the equivalent channel information formed by the channel matrix and the analog precoder.
本发明实施例的大规模MIMO发射机混合预编码器设计装置，根据已知的信道矩阵信息，利用贪心算法与相位匹配设计模拟预编码器；根据所述信道矩阵与所述模拟预编码器构成的等效信道信息，利用注水算法实现数字预编码器的设计。由此，能够实现动态子连接模式下的混合预编码器快速设计，并具有较高的频谱效率与能量效率。The device for designing a hybrid precoder for a massive MIMO transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention uses a greedy algorithm and phase matching to design an analog precoder according to known channel matrix information; The equivalent channel information is obtained, and the design of digital precoder is realized by using the water-filling algorithm. In this way, the hybrid precoder in the dynamic sub-connection mode can be rapidly designed, and has higher spectral efficiency and energy efficiency.
另外，根据本发明上述实施例的大规模MIMO发射机混合预编码器设计装置还可以具有以下附加的技术特征：In addition, the apparatus for designing a hybrid precoder for a massive MIMO transmitter according to the foregoing embodiments of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:
进一步地，在本发明的一个实施例中，混合预编码器被射频链路分为连接射频链路与发射天线的模拟预编码器和连接数据流与射频链路的数字预编码器两部分，所述模拟预编码器为可调整天线与射频链路间连接关系的动态子连接结构，由开关组成的动态连接网络与天线处的恒模移相器构成。Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the hybrid precoder is divided into two parts by the radio frequency link, an analog precoder connecting the radio frequency link and the transmitting antenna, and a digital precoder connecting the data stream and the radio frequency link, The analog precoder is a dynamic sub-connection structure that can adjust the connection relationship between the antenna and the radio frequency link, and is composed of a dynamic connection network composed of switches and a constant-modulus phase shifter at the antenna.
进一步地，在本发明的一个实施例中，所述等效信道信息为：Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the equivalent channel information is:
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000004
其中，
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000005
为已知的信道矩阵，
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000006
为模拟预编码器矩阵，N R为接收机的天线数，N T为发射机的天线数，N RF为发射机与接收机的射频链路数。 in,
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000005
is the known channel matrix,
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000006
is the analog precoder matrix, NR is the number of antennas of the receiver, NT is the number of antennas of the transmitter, and NRF is the number of radio frequency links between the transmitter and the receiver.
进一步地，在本发明的一个实施例中，混合预编码器与信道矩阵为复数域的模型。Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the hybrid precoder and the channel matrix are models in the complex domain.
进一步地，在本发明的一个实施例中，混合预编码器以优化加性高斯白噪声条件下香农公式所给出的频谱效率为优化目标，以有限发射功率和动态子连接结构为约束条件。Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the hybrid precoder takes optimizing the spectral efficiency given by Shannon's formula under the condition of additive white Gaussian noise as the optimization goal, and takes limited transmit power and dynamic sub-connection structure as constraints.
本发明附加的方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本发明的实践了解到。Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth, in part, from the following description, and in part will be apparent from the following description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
附图说明Description of drawings
本发明上述的和/或附加的方面和优点从下面结合附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
图1为三种混合预编码结构示意图；1 is a schematic diagram of three hybrid precoding structures;
图2为根据本发明一个实施例的大规模MIMO发射机混合预编码器设计方法流程图；2 is a flowchart of a method for designing a hybrid precoder for a massive MIMO transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为根据本发明一个实施例的频谱效率性能仿真示意图；3 is a schematic diagram of a simulation of spectral efficiency performance according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图4为根据本发明一个实施例的能量效率性能仿真示意图；4 is a schematic diagram of energy efficiency performance simulation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图5为根据本发明一个实施例的大规模MIMO发射机混合预编码器设计装置结构示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for designing a hybrid precoder for a massive MIMO transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。The following describes in detail the embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary, and are intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
下面参照附图描述根据本发明实施例提出的大规模MIMO发射机混合预编码器设计方法及装置。The following describes the method and apparatus for designing a hybrid precoder for a massive MIMO transmitter according to the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
首先将参照附图描述根据本发明实施例提出的大规模MIMO发射机混合预编码器进行规定，设待发送的数据流数为N s，发射机与接收机的射频链路数均为N RF，接收机的天线数为N R，发射机的天线数为N T。为了使方法表述更为具体明确，实施例假设发射 机的天线数为射频链路数的M倍，即N T＝MN RF，且发射机每根射频链路连接的天线数固定为M；接收机采用全数字接收机，即N RF＝ R成立，且每一根接收机天线唯一对应同一标号的射频链路。
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000007
为已知的信道矩阵，
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000008
为模拟预编码器矩阵，
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000009
为数字预编码器矩阵，总的发射功率设置为
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000010
First, the hybrid precoder for massive MIMO transmitter proposed according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The number of data streams to be sent is set to be N s , and the number of radio frequency links of the transmitter and the receiver is both N RF , the number of antennas of the receiver is NR , and the number of antennas of the transmitter is NT . In order to make the method expression more specific and clear, the embodiment assumes that the number of antennas of the transmitter is M times the number of radio frequency links, that is, N T =MN RF , and the number of antennas connected to each radio frequency link of the transmitter is fixed to M; The receiver adopts an all-digital receiver, that is, N RF = R is established, and each receiver antenna uniquely corresponds to the radio frequency chain of the same label.
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000007
is the known channel matrix,
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000008
is the analog precoder matrix,
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000009
for the digital precoder matrix, the total transmit power is set to
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000010
图2为根据本发明一个实施例的大规模MIMO发射机混合预编码器设计方法流程图。FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for designing a hybrid precoder for a massive MIMO transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
如图2所示，该大规模MIMO发射机混合预编码器设计方法包括以下步骤：As shown in Figure 2, the massive MIMO transmitter hybrid precoder design method includes the following steps:
步骤S1，根据已知的信道矩阵信息，利用贪心算法与相位匹配设计模拟预编码器。Step S1, design an analog precoder by using a greedy algorithm and phase matching according to the known channel matrix information.
如图1所示，本发明采取的结构为图1(c)给出的动态子连接结构混合预编码器被射频链路分为连接射频链路与发射天线的模拟预编码器和连接数据流与射频链路的数字预编码器两部分，模拟预编码器为可调整天线与射频链路间连接关系的动态子连接结构，由开关组成的动态连接网络与天线处的恒模移相器构成。As shown in FIG. 1 , the structure adopted in the present invention is the dynamic sub-connection structure hybrid precoder given in FIG. 1(c), which is divided into an analog precoder connecting the radio frequency link and the transmitting antenna and a connecting data stream by the radio frequency link. It has two parts with the digital precoder of the radio frequency link. The analog precoder is a dynamic sub-connection structure that can adjust the connection relationship between the antenna and the radio frequency link. It is composed of a dynamic connection network composed of switches and a constant modulus phase shifter at the antenna. .
进一步地，混合预编码器与信道矩阵为复数域的模型，混合预编码器以优化加性高斯白噪声条件下香农公式所给出的频谱效率为优化目标，以有限发射功率和动态子连接结构为约束条件。Further, the hybrid precoder and the channel matrix are models in the complex domain. The hybrid precoder takes the spectral efficiency given by the Shannon formula under the condition of additive white Gaussian noise as the optimization goal, and takes the finite transmit power and dynamic sub-connection structure as the optimization goal. as constraints.
S101，初始化模拟预编码器为
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000011
用于记录每条射频链路被分配到的天线数；
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000012
为还可以继续分配天线的射频链路序号集合；i＝1为当前将要分配的天线序号。 S101, initialize the analog precoder as
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000011
Used to record the number of antennas assigned to each RF link;
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000012
is the set of radio frequency link sequence numbers that can continue to allocate antennas; i=1 is the antenna sequence number to be allocated currently.
S102，
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000013
S102,
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000013
S103，
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000014
S103,
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000014
S104，
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000015
S104,
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000015
S105，如果
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000016
与M相等，则将在接下来的分配过程中禁止将天线分配给射频链路
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000017
即
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000018
S105, if
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000016
equal to M, then the assignment of the antenna to the RF link will be disabled in the following assignment process
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000017
which is
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000018
S106，若i<N T，则i＝i+1，并重复操作S102至S106，直至模拟预编码器设计完毕，即i＝N T。 S106 , if i< NT , i=i+1, and operations S102 to S106 are repeated until the design of the analog precoder is completed, that is, i= NT .
经过S101至S106的过程，将能够同时完成天线阵列分割与移相器设计，从而得到模拟预编码器的设计结果。Through the process of S101 to S106, the antenna array division and the phase shifter design can be completed at the same time, thereby obtaining the design result of the analog precoder.
需要说明的是，在本发明的实施例中，如上，步骤S102和步骤S103中假设N RF＝N R，此时接收机采用全数字接收机，每一根接收天线唯一对应同标号的射频链路，因而步骤S102至S103的过程中无需进行接收天线与射频链路标号的转换。但本发明同样可以适用于其他情况，只要能够建立起接收天线与射频链路的对应关系(例如接收机采用固定子连接结构)， 本发明所提出的方法仍然能够正常工作，只需在步骤S102与步骤S103之间增加一步将
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000019
映射为射频链路序号m，并用m替换掉后面步骤中所有的
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000020
即可，不进行赘述。 It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, as above, in steps S102 and S103, it is assumed that N RF = NR , and the receiver adopts an all-digital receiver, and each receiving antenna uniquely corresponds to a radio frequency chain with the same label Therefore, there is no need to convert the labels of the receiving antenna and the radio frequency link in the process of steps S102 to S103. However, the present invention can also be applied to other situations. As long as the corresponding relationship between the receiving antenna and the radio frequency link can be established (for example, the receiver adopts a fixed sub-connection structure), the method proposed by the present invention can still work normally. A step is added between step S103 and
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000019
It is mapped to the RF link sequence number m, and replaces all the following steps with m
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000020
That is, no further description will be given.
步骤S104与S105中假设每根射频链路可连接天线数均固定为M，但本发明可以很轻易地应用到其他的假设情形，例如若不需要保证每条射频链路有效，则只需去掉步骤S104与S105；若只希望每条射频链路连接至少一根天线，则只需在剩余天线数与未连接天线的射频链路数相等时，缩小
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000021
为未连接天线的射频链路集合。这里仅列举固定每条射频链路连接天线数为M的简单情形。 In steps S104 and S105, it is assumed that the number of antennas that can be connected to each radio frequency link is fixed to M, but the present invention can be easily applied to other hypothetical situations. Steps S104 and S105; if you only want to connect at least one antenna to each radio frequency link, you only need to reduce the number of radio frequency links when the number of remaining antennas is equal to the number of radio frequency links without antennas connected.
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000021
is the set of RF links with no antenna connected. Here, only a simple case where the number of antennas connected to each radio frequency link is fixed to be M is listed.
步骤S2，根据信道矩阵与模拟预编码器构成的等效信道信息，利用注水算法实现数字预编码器的设计。Step S2, according to the equivalent channel information formed by the channel matrix and the analog precoder, the design of the digital precoder is realized by using the water filling algorithm.
进一步地，等效信道可以表示为：Further, the equivalent channel can be expressed as:
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000022
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000022
若采用本实施例中的假设，可以进一步化简为
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000023
可以理解的是，这一假设并不是必须的，仅仅作为模拟预编码器的一个示例用以解释本发明。 If the assumption in this embodiment is adopted, it can be further simplified as
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000023
It will be appreciated that this assumption is not required and is merely used as an example of an analog precoder to explain the present invention.
设等效信道的奇异值分解结果为H eff＝UΛV H，令λ s(H eff)＝Λ(s,s)代表等效信道的第s个奇异值，令P为一个对角阵，其对角元素代表了注水功率分配的数值，有
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000024
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000025
其中x +＝max(0,x)，
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000026
代表噪声功率，μ满足： Let the singular value decomposition result of the equivalent channel be He eff =UΛV H , let λ s (H eff )=Λ(s,s) represent the s-th singular value of the equivalent channel, let P be a diagonal matrix, and its The diagonal elements represent the value of water injection power distribution, there are
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000024
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000025
where x + =max(0,x),
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000026
represents the noise power, μ satisfies:
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000027
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000027
这里的μ无法给出闭式解，实际计算的过程中，通常采取迭代的做法，即先假设每一路功率分配均大于0，求解出μ，而后再求解出每一路功率，若不满足均大于0则减去最小特征值一路，否则即得到最终的数字预编码器设计结果。重复这一迭代过程即可得到功率分配的结果。而后，我们可以得到数字预编码器的表达式为：There is no closed-form solution for μ here. In the actual calculation process, an iterative approach is usually adopted, that is, it is assumed that the power distribution of each channel is greater than 0, and μ is solved, and then the power of each channel is solved. 0 subtracts the minimum eigenvalue all the way, otherwise the final digital precoder design result is obtained. This iterative process is repeated to obtain the result of the power allocation. Then, we can get the expression of the digital precoder as:
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000028
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000028
综上，通过步骤S101与步骤S102，我们将能够得到一个完整的混合预编码器设计方案，即F RF与F BB。 To sum up, through steps S101 and S102, we will be able to obtain a complete hybrid precoder design solution, namely F RF and F BB .
而在复杂度上，依据本发明方法进行一次混合预编码器设计，所需要的计算复杂度为
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000029
而典型的动态子连接算法计算复杂度为
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000030
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000031
以常用的参数N T＝128，N RF＝8为示例，本发明所提出的设计方法只占用了典型动态子连接算法2％左右的计算复杂度，因此具有较高的实用价值。 In terms of complexity, a hybrid precoder design is performed according to the method of the present invention, and the required computational complexity is
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000029
The computational complexity of a typical dynamic subconnection algorithm is
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000030
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000031
Taking the commonly used parameters NT =128 and NRF =8 as an example, the design method proposed in the present invention only occupies about 2% of the computational complexity of the typical dynamic sub-connection algorithm, so it has high practical value.
由于模拟预编码器设计部分的操作较为简单，而数字预编码器设计部分涉及的矩阵维度又较低，因而整体上具有较低的复杂度。而同时，图3和图4给出的仿真验证结果可以证明这一算法确实具有良好的频谱效率与能量效率性能，其中，图3仿真参数设置为8个数据流，接收机与发射机均有8条射频链路，发射机有128根天线，接收机有8根天线，信道模型为有12条径的Saleh-Valenzuela模型；图4仿真参数设置为8个数据流，接收机与发射机均有8条射频链路，接收机有8根天线，信噪比SNR＝10dB，信道模型为有12条径的Saleh-Valenzuela模型。Since the operation of the analog precoder design part is relatively simple, and the matrix dimension involved in the digital precoder design part is low, the overall complexity is low. At the same time, the simulation verification results given in Figure 3 and Figure 4 can prove that this algorithm does have good spectral efficiency and energy efficiency performance. There are 8 RF links, the transmitter has 128 antennas, the receiver has 8 antennas, and the channel model is the Saleh-Valenzuela model with 12 paths; the simulation parameters in Figure 4 are set to 8 data streams, and both the receiver and the transmitter are used. There are 8 radio frequency chains, the receiver has 8 antennas, the signal-to-noise ratio SNR=10dB, and the channel model is the Saleh-Valenzuela model with 12 paths.
进一步地，本发明的实施例在信道为Saleh-Valenzuela模型刻画的毫米波信道，接收机为全数字接收机(接收机天线数与射频链路数相等)时具有非常良好的性能，但本发明提出的方法并不依赖于此，在其他情形下仍然能够正常工作。Further, the embodiment of the present invention has very good performance when the channel is a millimeter-wave channel described by the Saleh-Valenzuela model, and the receiver is an all-digital receiver (the number of receiver antennas is equal to the number of radio frequency links). The proposed method does not depend on this and still works fine in other situations.
根据本发明实施例提出的大规模MIMO发射机混合预编码器设计方法，根据已知的信道矩阵信息，利用贪心算法与相位匹配设计模拟预编码器；根据信道矩阵与模拟预编码器构成的等效信道信息，利用注水算法实现数字预编码器的设计。由此，能够实现动态子连接模式下的混合预编码器快速设计，并具有较高的频谱效率与能量效率。According to the method for designing a hybrid precoder for a massive MIMO transmitter proposed in the embodiment of the present invention, the greedy algorithm and phase matching are used to design an analog precoder according to the known channel matrix information; The effective channel information is used to realize the design of the digital precoder by using the water-filling algorithm. In this way, the hybrid precoder in the dynamic sub-connection mode can be rapidly designed, and has higher spectral efficiency and energy efficiency.
其次参照附图描述根据本发明实施例提出的大规模MIMO发射机混合预编码器设计装置。Next, an apparatus for designing a hybrid precoder for a massive MIMO transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
图5为根据本发明一个实施例的大规模MIMO发射机混合预编码器设计装置结构示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for designing a hybrid precoder for a massive MIMO transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
如图5所示，该大规模MIMO发射机混合预编码器设计装置包括：第一设计模块501和第二设计模块502。As shown in FIG. 5 , the apparatus for designing a hybrid precoder for a massive MIMO transmitter includes: a first design module 501 and a second design module 502 .
第一设计模块501，用于根据已知的信道矩阵信息，利用贪心算法与相位匹配设计模拟预编码器。The first design module 501 is configured to design an analog precoder by using a greedy algorithm and phase matching according to known channel matrix information.
第二设计模块502，用于根据信道矩阵与模拟预编码器构成的等效信道信息，利用注水算法实现数字预编码器的设计。The second design module 502 is configured to use a water-filling algorithm to design a digital precoder according to the equivalent channel information formed by the channel matrix and the analog precoder.
进一步地，在本发明的一个实施例中，混合预编码器被射频链路分为连接射频链路与发射天线的模拟预编码器和连接数据流与射频链路的数字预编码器两部分，模拟预编码器为可调整天线与射频链路间连接关系的动态子连接结构，由开关组成的动态连接网络与天线处的恒模移相器构成。Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the hybrid precoder is divided into two parts by the radio frequency link, an analog precoder connecting the radio frequency link and the transmitting antenna, and a digital precoder connecting the data stream and the radio frequency link, The analog precoder is a dynamic sub-connection structure that can adjust the connection relationship between the antenna and the radio frequency link. It is composed of a dynamic connection network composed of switches and a constant-modulus phase shifter at the antenna.
进一步地，在本发明的一个实施例中，等效信道信息为：Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the equivalent channel information is:
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000032
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000032
其中，
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000033
为已知的信道矩阵，
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000034
为模拟预编码器矩阵，N R为接收机的天线数，N T为发射机的天线数，N RF为发射机与接收机的射频链路数。 in,
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000033
is the known channel matrix,
Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-000034
is the analog precoder matrix, NR is the number of antennas of the receiver, NT is the number of antennas of the transmitter, and NRF is the number of radio frequency links between the transmitter and the receiver.
进一步地，在本发明的一个实施例中，混合预编码器与信道矩阵为复数域的模型。Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the hybrid precoder and the channel matrix are models in the complex domain.
进一步地，在本发明的一个实施例中，混合预编码器以优化加性高斯白噪声条件下香农公式所给出的频谱效率为优化目标，以有限发射功率和动态子连接结构为约束条件。Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the hybrid precoder takes optimizing the spectral efficiency given by Shannon's formula under the condition of additive white Gaussian noise as the optimization goal, and takes limited transmit power and dynamic sub-connection structure as constraints.
需要说明的是，前述对方法实施例的解释说明也适用于该实施例的装置，此处不再赘述。It should be noted that the foregoing explanations of the method embodiment are also applicable to the apparatus of this embodiment, and details are not repeated here.
根据本发明实施例提出的大规模MIMO发射机混合预编码器设计装置，根据已知的信道矩阵信息，利用贪心算法与相位匹配设计模拟预编码器；根据所述信道矩阵与所述模拟预编码器构成的等效信道信息，利用注水算法实现数字预编码器的设计。由此，能够实现动态子连接模式下的混合预编码器快速设计，并具有较高的频谱效率与能量效率。According to the device for designing a hybrid precoder for a massive MIMO transmitter proposed in the embodiment of the present invention, an analog precoder is designed using a greedy algorithm and phase matching according to the known channel matrix information; according to the channel matrix and the analog precoder The equivalent channel information formed by the encoder is used, and the design of the digital precoder is realized by using the water-filling algorithm. In this way, the hybrid precoder in the dynamic sub-connection mode can be rapidly designed, and has higher spectral efficiency and energy efficiency.
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature delimited with "first", "second" may expressly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise expressly and specifically defined.
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。In the description of this specification, description with reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples", etc., mean specific features described in connection with the embodiment or example , structure, material or feature is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of the different embodiments or examples, without conflicting each other.
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本发明的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Embodiments are subject to variations, modifications, substitutions and variations.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种大规模MIMO发射机混合预编码器设计方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：A method for designing a massive MIMO transmitter hybrid precoder, comprising the following steps:
    根据已知的信道矩阵信息，利用贪心算法与相位匹配设计模拟预编码器；According to the known channel matrix information, use the greedy algorithm and phase matching to design the analog precoder;
    根据所述信道矩阵与所述模拟预编码器构成的等效信道信息，利用注水算法实现数字预编码器的设计。According to the equivalent channel information formed by the channel matrix and the analog precoder, a water-filling algorithm is used to realize the design of the digital precoder.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，混合预编码器被射频链路分为连接射频链路与发射天线的模拟预编码器和连接数据流与射频链路的数字预编码器两部分，所述模拟预编码器为可调整天线与射频链路间连接关系的动态子连接结构，由开关组成的动态连接网络与天线处的恒模移相器构成。The method according to claim 1, wherein the hybrid precoder is divided into two parts by the radio frequency link: an analog precoder connecting the radio frequency link and the transmit antenna, and a digital precoder connecting the data stream and the radio frequency link , the analog precoder is a dynamic sub-connection structure that can adjust the connection relationship between the antenna and the radio frequency link, and is composed of a dynamic connection network composed of switches and a constant-modulus phase shifter at the antenna.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述等效信道信息为：The method according to claim 1, wherein the equivalent channel information is:
    Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-100001
    Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-100001
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-100002
    为已知的信道矩阵，
    Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-100003
    为模拟预编码器矩阵，N R为接收机的天线数，N T为发射机的天线数，N RF为发射机与接收机的射频链路数。     in,
    Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-100002
    is the known channel matrix,
    Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-100003
    is the analog precoder matrix, NR is the number of antennas of the receiver, NT is the number of antennas of the transmitter, and NRF is the number of radio frequency links between the transmitter and the receiver.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，混合预编码器与信道矩阵为复数域的模型。The method according to claim 1, wherein the hybrid precoder and the channel matrix are models in the complex domain.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，混合预编码器以优化加性高斯白噪声条件下香农公式所给出的频谱效率为优化目标，以有限发射功率和动态子连接结构为约束条件。The method according to claim 1, wherein the hybrid precoder takes the spectral efficiency given by the Shannon formula under the condition of optimizing the additive white Gaussian noise as the optimization goal, and takes the limited transmit power and the dynamic sub-connection structure as the constraints .
  6. 一种大规模MIMO发射机混合预编码器设计装置，其特征在于，包括：A device for designing a massive MIMO transmitter hybrid precoder, comprising:
    第一设计模块，用于根据已知的信道矩阵信息，利用贪心算法与相位匹配设计模拟预编码器；a first design module, configured to design an analog precoder by using a greedy algorithm and phase matching according to the known channel matrix information;
    第二设计模块，用于根据所述信道矩阵与所述模拟预编码器构成的等效信道信息，利用注水算法实现数字预编码器的设计。The second design module is configured to use a water-filling algorithm to design a digital precoder according to the equivalent channel information formed by the channel matrix and the analog precoder.
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于，混合预编码器被射频链路分为连接射频链路与发射天线的模拟预编码器和连接数据流与射频链路的数字预编码器两部分，所述模拟预编码器为可调整天线与射频链路间连接关系的动态子连接结构，由开关组成的动态连接网络与天线处的恒模移相器构成。The device according to claim 6, wherein the hybrid precoder is divided into two parts by the radio frequency link: an analog precoder connecting the radio frequency link and the transmit antenna, and a digital precoder connecting the data stream and the radio frequency link , the analog precoder is a dynamic sub-connection structure that can adjust the connection relationship between the antenna and the radio frequency link, and is composed of a dynamic connection network composed of switches and a constant-modulus phase shifter at the antenna.
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于，所述等效信道信息为：The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the equivalent channel information is:
    Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-100004
    Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-100004
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-100005
    为已知的信道矩阵，
    Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-100006
    为模拟预编码器矩阵，N R为接收机的天线数，N T为发射机的天线数，N RF为发射机与接收机的射频链路数。     in,
    Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-100005
    is the known channel matrix,
    Figure PCTCN2022081098-appb-100006
    is the analog precoder matrix, NR is the number of antennas of the receiver, NT is the number of antennas of the transmitter, and NRF is the number of radio frequency links between the transmitter and the receiver.
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于，混合预编码器与信道矩阵为复数域的模型。The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the hybrid precoder and the channel matrix are models in the complex domain.
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于，混合预编码器以优化加性高斯白噪声条件下香农公式所给出的频谱效率为优化目标，以有限发射功率和动态子连接结构为约束条件。The device according to claim 6, wherein the hybrid precoder takes the spectral efficiency given by the Shannon formula under the condition of optimizing the additive white Gaussian noise as the optimization goal, and takes the limited transmit power and the dynamic sub-connection structure as the constraints .
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