CN105306115B - A kind of mimo system transmitting terminal method for precoding based on mercury water filling - Google Patents
A kind of mimo system transmitting terminal method for precoding based on mercury water filling Download PDFInfo
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- CN105306115B CN105306115B CN201510604790.9A CN201510604790A CN105306115B CN 105306115 B CN105306115 B CN 105306115B CN 201510604790 A CN201510604790 A CN 201510604790A CN 105306115 B CN105306115 B CN 105306115B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
- H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of mimo system transmitting terminal method for precoding based on mercury water filling, include the following steps: that S1 decomposes channel matrix using SVD technique, N number of parallel subchannel is obtained, S2 is directed to the signal-to-noise ratio γ of i-th of subchannel according to mercury water floodiPower distribution is carried out, obtains power distribution matrix ΣMWF, S3 is according to one modulation diversity unitary matrice V of modulation diversity planisphere spinning solution constructionMTo reduce constellation point overlapping, S4 is by the original precoding matrices V in S1HWith matrix Σ in S2MWFAnd matrix V in S3MProduct as transmitting terminal pre-coding matrix, i.e. G=VHΣMWFVM, method for precoding of the invention is obtained, and utilize the matrix emissive signal.The present invention reduces the calculating time overhead of precoding, improves channel mutual information, meets practical application request.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication technology fields, and in particular to a kind of mimo system transmitting terminal based on mercury water filling is pre-
Coding method.
Background technique
Multi-antenna technology refers in the transmitting terminal of wireless communication or receiving end using multiple antenna, in combination with advanced letter
A kind of complex art that number processing technique is realized.If using multiple antenna simultaneously in transmitting terminal and receiving end, how defeated it is known as
Enter multi output technology (MIMO, Multiple Input Multiple Output).MIMO is wireless communication field smart antenna
The important breakthrough of technology, can be under the premise of not increasing bandwidth, exponentially using Space-Time Block Coding and spatial reuse code technology
Improve the capacity and the availability of frequency spectrum of communication system.
Mimo system transmitting terminal precoding technique needs transmitting terminal accurately to obtain channel state information (CSI, Channel
Side Information).For becoming channel slowly, such as WLAN (WLAN, Wireless Local Area Network)
Transmitting terminal can pass through feedback or time division duplex (TDD, Time Division Duplex) symmetry principle obtain CSI.In fact,
In 3G standard WCDMA, transmitting end channel status information (CSIT, Chanel Side Information At The
Transmitter) with receiving end channel state information (CSIR, Chanel Side Information At The
Receiver it) can be obtained in closed loop diversity or transmission adaptive array techniques.Based on this basis, transmitting terminal precoding technique
It is developed rapidly.Based on different design standards, precoding technique is also different.For example, minimum mean square error criterion
(MMSE), maximum signal noise ratio principle (SNR), maximum mutual information criterion (MI) or minimum bit-error rate criterion (BER) etc..It prelists
Code technology can be divided into linear predictive coding and nonlinear precoding according to the pretreatment mode of transmitting terminal.It is well known that unusual
Value decomposes (SVD, Singular Value Decomposition) precoding technique, it is equivalent by resolving into mimo channel
Parallel subchannel, and pass through the power distributing technique of transmitting terminal to reach the maximum channel capacity of system.
There is several methods for SVD precoding technique at present, are channel diagonalization precoding (CD, Channel respectively
Diagonalization Precoder), classical water filling precoding (CWF, Classic Water-filling Precoder),
Mercury fills the water precoding (MWF, Murcury Water-filling Precoder), maximum diversity precoding (MD, Max
Diversity Precoder), exhaustive precoding (MDE, the odulation Diversity- based on modulation diversity
Exhaustive Precoder), there are also optimal precoding (OP, Optimal Precoder) etc..However these types of precoding
Method has shortcoming, although such as channel diagonalization, classical water filling, mercury water filling and maximum diversity precoding calculating time
Expense is small but the channel mutual information that reaches is also small, it is difficult to meet practical application request；Exhaustive precoding based on modulation diversity and
Although mutual information that optimal precoding reaches is big but calculating time overhead is also big, is difficult to realize in practical applications.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome shortcoming and deficiency of the existing technology, the present invention provides a kind of MIMO transmitting based on mercury water filling
Hold method for precoding.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of mimo system transmitting terminal method for precoding based on mercury water filling, includes the following steps:
S1 decomposes channel matrix H in transmitting terminal using SVD technique, obtains N number of parallel subchannel, and the H is decomposed
At It is VHAssociate matrix, the two can convert mutually, ΣHIndicate the singular value matrix of H；
S2 is directed to the signal-to-noise ratio γ of i-th of subchannel according to mercury water floodiIt carries out power distribution, obtains power distribution
Matrix ΣMWF, whereinσiIt is diagonal matrix ΣHI-th of singular value, P is total transmission power, σ2It is noise function
Rate；
S3 uses modulation diversity planisphere spinning solution, constructs a modulation diversity unitary matrice VM, specifically:
Wherein, NtIt is transmitting antenna number, NrIt is receiving antenna number, qMThen depending on different modulation systems, j indicates imaginary number
Unit, i.e. j × j=-1；
S4 is by the original precoding matrices V in S1HWith power distribution matrix Σ obtained in S2MWFAnd it is adjusted obtained in S3
Diversity unitary matrice V processedMProduct as transmitting terminal pre-coding matrix, i.e. G=VHΣMWFVM, and utilize the matrix emissive signal.
S1 Chinese styleI.e. given channel matrix H application singular value decomposition is decomposed into right side of the equal sign three
Matrix multiple.
The specific implementation of mercury water flood is according to following formula in the S2:
pi=0, γi≤γ0
γiMMSE(piγi)=γ0,γi>γ0
Wherein piIndicate the power that i-th of parallel subchannel distribution arrives, γ0A threshold value, specifically according to channel matrix H and
Fixed, N is number of subchannels, and MMSE is Minimum Mean Square Error.
In the case where signal-to-noise ratio height,Less power can be distributed in big subchannel instead.
When two sub-channels situations are identical, modulation radix M bigger channel can be assigned to more power.
The qMIts selection principle be make emission signal vector constitute compound planisphere constellation point between Euclidean away from
It is big from as far as possible.
The present invention is based on the mimo system transmitting terminal method for precoding of mercury water filling, the power that this method fills the water mercury point
Method of completing the square and modulation diversity planisphere spinning solution combine.SVD technique is used first, and mimo channel is resolved into equivalent parallel
Subchannel carries out power distribution according to mercury water filling strategy, in conjunction with constellation then according to the channel conditions of each parallel subchannel
Figure spinning solution avoids constellation point from being overlapped.To design the method for precoding for meeting practical application request.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The present invention carries out power distribution with maximum mutual information criterion, using mercury water-filling method, reduces and calculates time overhead；
The error performance of receiving end is improved using modulation diversity planisphere spinning solution.The two combines, and on the one hand reduces precoding side
On the other hand the calculation amount of method improves channel mutual information, to meet practical application request.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is work flow diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is mimo system multi-antenna channel model；
Fig. 3 is mimo system equivalent parallel subchannel model；
Fig. 4 is mercury water injection power allocation strategy of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the channel mutual information curve that 2 × 2MIMO-BPSK modulation uses different method for precoding in the present embodiment；
Fig. 6 is the channel mutual information curve that 2 × 2MIMO-QPSK modulation uses different method for precoding in the present embodiment；
Fig. 7 is the channel mutual information curve that 4 × 4MIMO-BPSK modulation uses different method for precoding in the present embodiment；
Fig. 8 is the channel mutual information curve that 4 × 4MIMO-QPSK modulation uses different method for precoding in the present embodiment.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to examples and drawings, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not
It is limited to this.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of mimo system transmitting terminal method for precoding based on mercury water filling, core is two main steps
Suddenly matrix Σ is respectively obtainedMWFAnd VM, final goal is to obtain pre-coding matrix G.
Fig. 2 is a NtRoot transmitting antenna and NrThe mimo system channel model of root receiving antenna, as seen from the figure, always
Co-exist in h11,h12,…,Total Nr×NtThe different coupling channel of item.
Consider the baseband equivalence model of mimo system are as follows: y=HGx+n.
Wherein x is Nt× 1 transmitting complex vector, y are Nr× 1 reception complex vector, H are Nr×NtComplex channel matrix, G
It is Nt×NtPre-coding matrix.It is available that SVD decomposition equally is carried out to pre-coding matrix G:
In method for precoding of the invention, the left side unitary matrice U of pre-coding matrix GGTake VH, diagonal matrix ΣGThen according to water
Silver-colored water injection power distribution method takes ΣMWF, the right unitary matriceTake VM, then method for precoding of the invention are as follows: G=VHΣMWFVM。
Fig. 3 is the MIMO equivalent parallel subchannel model that a SVD is decomposed, and resolves into N number of subchannel in total, wherein N=
min(Nt,Nr).Can be obtained by above-mentioned formula: deformation can obtain:
WhereinIn uncoupled mimo system model, ΣHAnd ΣMWFIt is all diagonal matrix.It is i-th of singular value of the two matrixes respectively, the former reflects channel status, and the latter represents power distribution power
Value.
Fig. 4 is mercury water injection power allocation strategy.Each container is an equivalent parallel subchannel in figure.Mercury note
The process of water is, is first 1/ γ toward each container influx heightiSolid matrix, next, toward each container be perfused mercury
So that the height including substrate reachesFinally toward priming petock in all containers, until water surface elevation rises
To 1/ γ0.It is assumed that chamber wall is transparent to water, and mercury and solid matrix can not be penetrated.Then each container
Water-column piIt is exactly our obtained power distribution weights, pi=Pi/P。
This example initially sets up the mimo system of two transmitting antennas and two receiving antennas, and uses binary phase shift
Keying (BPSK) modulation, channel matrix areIt is that two key steps of core respectively obtain power distribution below
Matrix ΣMWFWith modulation diversity matrix VM。
The first step first decomposes channel matrix H using SVD technique, and two equivalent parallel subchannels and thus are obtained
Determine power distribution matrix ΣMWF.The power distribution for obtaining two sub-channels according to mercury water-filling algorithm is as shown in table 1 below: (false
If 2) total transmission power is
Table 1
| Signal-to-noise ratio (dB) | Subchannel 1 | Subchannel 2 |
| -20 | 2 | 0 |
| -17.5 | 2 | 0 |
| -15 | 2 | 0 |
| -12.5 | 2 | 0 |
| -10 | 2 | 0 |
| -7.5 | 2 | 0 |
| -5 | 2 | 0 |
| -2.5 | 1.58 | 0.42 |
| 0 | 0.92 | 1.08 |
| 2.5 | 0.54 | 1.46 |
| 5 | 0.33 | 1.67 |
| 7.5 | 0.21 | 1.79 |
| 10 | 0.14 | 1.86 |
| 12.5 | 0.1 | 1.9 |
| 15 | 0.08 | 1.92 |
| 17.5 | 0.06 | 1.94 |
| 20 | 0.06 | 1.94 |
Then when signal-to-noise ratio is -20dB,
Second step determines modulation diversity matrix VM.Due to being modulated using BPSK, qM=1；If using quadrature phase shift keying
(QPSK) it modulates, qM=1/2.Then the modulation diversity matrix of this example are as follows:So we must
To pre-coding matrix of the invention: G=VHΣMWFVM。
The simulation result of this example is obtained using software Matlab.The calculating of channel mutual information uses Lower Bound Formula,
It is calculated to simplify.
Simulation result is as shown in Figure 5, it can be seen that, six kinds of method for precoding are listed in figure respectively in different signal-to-noise ratio feelings
Channel mutual information under condition.This six kinds of methods are that a kind of mimo system transmitting terminal based on mercury water filling of the invention prelists respectively
Code method (Modified MWF), the exhaustive precoding (Exhaustive Method) based on modulation diversity, classical water filling prelist
Code (Classic WF), mercury fill the water precoding (Mercury WF), channel diagonalization precoding (Channel
) and maximum diversity precoding (Max Diversity) Diagonalization.As seen from the figure, Modified MWF and
The mutual information that Exhaustive Method reaches is essentially identical, is optimal in six kinds of methods in figure, and Max Diversity
It is suboptimum when being greater than -7.5dB；When being greater than -5dB, Classic WF is worst, it is seen that the performance of Mercury WF
It is better than Classic WF；When being greater than 0dB, Channel Diagonalization is secondary poor.And Modified MWF
It is most fast for converging to the limit all with Exhaustive Method, however the former calculating time overhead is smaller.
The simulation result modulated using QPSK is as shown in Figure 6.As seen from the figure, in -2.5dB to the section 7.5dB,
Modified MWF and the performance of Exhaustive Method are no longer consistent, Modified MWF and Exhaustive Method
Performance it is almost the same, almost compared with the latter, however the former also reaches the mutual information that the former reaches when 2.5dB differs maximum
The mutual information of the latter 97.7%.
The mimo system of four transmitting antennas and four receiving antennas is as shown in Figure 7 using the simulation result of BPSK modulation.
Same Modified MWF and the performance of Exhaustive Method are no longer consistent, in -7.5dB to the section 2.5dB, the former
Almost compared with the latter, when -5dB differs maximum, the former has reached the mutual information of the latter 99.3% to the mutual information reached.
The simulation result modulated using QPSK is as shown in Figure 8.It is arrived in the section 10dB in -2.5dB, the mutual information that the former reaches
Almost compared with the latter, when 5dB differs maximum, the former has reached the mutual information of the latter 96.4%.The simulation result of the situation is to use
What the CPU of Intel Core i5-4590 3.30GHZ was run, use the runing time of Modified MWF for
3.4525min, and use the runing time of Exhaustive Method for 16.5995h, it is the former about 288 times.Thus may be used
See that the former calculating time overhead is much smaller, and the latter is in finger with its time overhead that increases of order of modulation and number of antennas
What number increased, in practical engineering applications so that being difficult to realize in the practical application of extensive multiple antennas (Massive MIMO)
's.
Method or step described in conjunction with the examples disclosed in this document can use hardware such as DSP and FPGA, processor
The combination of the software program or the two of execution is implemented.Software program can be placed in random access memory (RAM), memory, read-only
It is any well known in memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, register, hard disk, moveable magnetic disc, CD-ROM or technical field
In the storage medium of other forms.
The above embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but embodiments of the present invention are not by the embodiment
Limitation, other any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention,
It should be equivalent substitute mode, be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of mimo system transmitting terminal method for precoding based on mercury water filling, which comprises the steps of:
S1 decomposes channel matrix H in transmitting terminal using SVD technique, obtains N number of parallel subchannel, the H is resolved into It is VHAssociate matrix, the two can convert mutually, ΣHIndicate the singular value matrix of H；
S2 is directed to the signal-to-noise ratio γ of i-th of subchannel according to mercury water floodiPower distribution is carried out, obtains power distribution matrix
ΣMWF, whereinσiIt is diagonal matrix ΣHI-th of singular value, P is total transmission power, σ2It is noise power；
S3 uses modulation diversity planisphere spinning solution, constructs a modulation diversity unitary matrice VM, specifically:
Wherein, NtIt is transmitting antenna number, NrIt is receiving antenna number, qMThen depending on different modulation systems, j indicates imaginary unit,
That is j × j=-1；
S4 is by the original precoding matrices V in S1HWith power distribution matrix Σ obtained in S2MWFAnd modulation diversity obtained in S3
Unitary matrice VMProduct as transmitting terminal pre-coding matrix, i.e. G=VHΣMWFVM, and utilize the matrix emissive signal；
γi> γ0, in the case that signal-to-noise ratio is high,Bigger γiIt is bigger；
The specific implementation of mercury water flood is according to following formula in the S2:
pi=0, γi≤γ0
Wherein piIndicate the power that i-th of parallel subchannel distribution arrives, γ0It is a threshold value, specifically depending on channel matrix H, N
It is number of subchannels, MMSE is Minimum Mean Square Error.
2. method for precoding according to claim 1, which is characterized in that due to being modulated using BPSK, qM=1；If using
Quadrature phase shift keying modulation, qM=1/2.
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Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
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| Mercury/Waterfilling: Optimum Power Allocation with Arbitrary Input Constellations;Angel Lozano、Antonia M. Tulino、Sergio Verdu;《IEEE》;20051231;第1774页第Ⅱ、Ⅲ节 |
| SIMO信道中基于奇异值分解的盲信噪比估计算法;漆雪梅、沈彩耀、张效义;《信号处理》;20110430;第27卷(第4期);第553页左栏倒数第7行-右栏第12行 |
| 一种有限字符输入的线性预编码设计算法;崔波、刘璐、金梁;《电子与信息学报》;20141031;第36卷(第10期);第2300页右栏第5行-第2304页右栏第2行 |
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