Multi-subscriber dispatching based on this Limited Feedback of dicode in 3D MU-MIMO FDD system
Method
Technical field
The present invention relates to the multi-subscriber dispatching mechanism in wireless communication in 3D MIMO Limited feedback systems, specially 3D
Multi-user dispatching method based on this Limited Feedback of dicode in MU-MIMO FDD system.
Background technique
In 3D mimo system, base station end configures the uniform planar array of 2D (URA).With the level in conventional MIMO system
Even linear array (ULA) is compared, all different either on antenna amount and antenna structure.This not only can solve on a large scale
The problem that the base station space faced in mimo system and antenna size are limited, but also sufficiently excavated the freedom of vertical direction
Degree.In conjunction with the use of existing active antenna system (AAS), the power of antenna in horizontal direction is not only may be implemented in 3D mimo system
The adaptive adjustment of value, and can change the weight of antenna in vertical direction, and the transmission, sufficiently of signal is realized for vertical direction
It utilizes space resources and provides possibility.
It for now, is assumed based on imperfect channel state information (CSI) under TDD mostly for the research of 3D MIMO
, base station estimation up channel simultaneously obtains downlink channel condition information using channel reciprocity.But extensive MIMO TDD
In system, since the dimension in pilot signal space is always limited, so being inevitably constantly present the user of different community
Emitted simultaneously using identical pilot tone, be cannot be distinguished so as to cause base station, formed so-called " pilot pollution ".There is no very at present
Effective method can completely eliminate pilot pollution.This, which will lead to 3D MIMO TDD system, cannot get practical application, therefore, from
For the practical application angle of 3D MIMO, it is highly desirable to obtain base station by Limited Feedback the FDD system of channel state information
System expansion research.
Existing literature mainly includes the following aspects to 3DMIMOFDD systematic research: first, BTS channel state letter
Reference symbol (CSI-RS) design is ceased, how to obtain channel state information sufficient enough using limited CSI-RS resource is this
The research focus of aspect.The design of second, 3D code book.The new features for how utilizing 3D-MIMO channel, in conjunction with UPA antenna configuration,
The suitable three-dimensional code book of design is also particularly significant to the research of 3DMIMO Limited feedback systems.Third, 3D extensive for FDD
Instantaneous channel state information can only be fed back to base station by feedback link by user by mimo system, and base station is according to the anti-of user
Feedforward information carries out precoding, to realize wave beam forming in numeric field.It is big with antenna for base station number in extensive mimo system
Amount increases, and traditional CSI feedback amount linearly increases therewith.And the feedback link frequency resource in real system is always limited
, therefore the research of CSI feedback scheme is also an importance of FDD 3D mimo system.Finally, for 3DMU-MIMO
For, the user of same cell is generally relatively more, how therefrom to select optimal user and carries out data transmission to system performance
It is promoted, completes to show particularly significant to the scheduling of multi-user.For now, most of scholar is concentrated mainly on to first three aspect
Research, few to the research of 3D MIMO user's scheduling strategy few, individual researchs are also based on the user of conventional feedback schemes
(pairing) mechanism of scheduling.Such user terminal is fed back in existing single step must obtain whole channel informations, and in existing time-frequency
In the limited situation of resource, 3D mimo system base station end, which uses, at present only distributes CSI-RS on a line, an array antenna, thus
Only obtain a line channel information and a column channel information.This is for base station configures the 3D MIMO of a large amount of antennas, it will brings
The huge wasting of resources and computational load.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides limited based on dicode sheet in 3D MU-MIMO FDD system
The multi-user dispatching method of feedback is practical and be able to ascend system performance while reducing user terminal computation complexity.
The present invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Multi-user dispatching method based on this Limited Feedback of dicode in 3D MU-MIMO FDD system, includes the following steps,
The horizontal codebook set of 3D MU-MIMO FDD system and vertical codebook set are stored in base station by the first step simultaneously
And user terminal;
Second step, base station is by configured channel state information reference symbol port, through downlink broadcast channel to user
Send reference signal information;
Third step, user terminal carries out down channel estimation according to the reference signal information received, and is believed according to the 3D of acquisition
It is CSI feedback information that road information, which calculates the channel state information that needs are fed back, while the CSI feedback information is anti-by uplink
Channel feedback is presented to base station;The CSI feedback information includes that horizontal dimensions pre-coding matrix instruction information, vertical dimensions prelist
Code matrix instruction information, horizontal dimensions channel quality information and vertical dimensions channel quality information, are briefly referred to as horizontal dimensions
PMI, vertical dimensions PMI, horizontal CQI and vertical CQI;
User is grouped to obtain more by the 4th step, base station according to acquisition CSI feedback information from level, vertical two dimensions
A level user group and multiple vertical user groups, then each level user group and vertical user group take intersection to obtain two-by-two respectively
It is multiple it is alternative can selection scheduling user set, base station again from it is multiple it is alternative can select in selection scheduling user set user CQI it
Downlink transfer is used for as the user finally dispatched with maximum one group.
Preferably, horizontal codebook set is made of multiple sub-codebooks, and sub-codebook inner code word vector is mutually orthogonal;Vertical subcode
This set is also made of multiple sub-codebooks, and sub-codebook inner code word codebook vector word space is from being maximized.
Further, user terminal is averaged in vertical dimensions according to the horizontal direction in reference signal information in horizontal dimensions
When channel correlation matrix and vertical direction channel correlation matrix carry out PMI calculating;
In formula, gh,k、gv,k, mh,k、mv,kWhere respectively k-th of user horizontal codeword vector u and vertical code words vector v
Codeword vector number in sub-codebook serial number and sub-codebook;Rh,kAnd Rv,kThe respectively average letter of k-th of user's level, vertical direction
Road correlation matrix;GhAnd GvRespectively horizontal vertical direction sub-codebook number;MhAnd MvRespectively both horizontally and vertically every height
The number of code book inner code word vector.
Preferably, horizontal CQI uses Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio SINR for index, is shown below,
Vertical CQI is shown below using vertical beam figuration gain as index,
In formula, gh,k、gv,k, mh,k、mv,kWhere respectively k-th of user horizontal codeword vector u and vertical code words vector v
Codeword vector number in sub-codebook serial number and sub-codebook;Rh,kAnd Rv,kThe respectively average letter of k-th of user's level, vertical direction
Road correlation matrix;MhFor the number of each sub-codebook inner code word vector of horizontal direction;NkFor the receiving antenna number of k-th of user;
P is base station end transmission power.
Further, the product of the user CQI corresponds to user by base station end horizontal CQI and vertical CQI obtain.
Preferably, in the 4th step, user grouping in horizontal direction the following steps are included:
1) feedback level sub-codebook serial number g is found according to the CSI feedback information received in base stationh,kIt is sweared with sub-codebook inner code word
Amount mv,kAll user's set all the same;
2) the maximum user of selection user CQI in user each in step 1) set is retained, remaining user gives up;
3) by sub-codebook g in all users that base station is remained from step 2) againh,kIt is identical to be divided into one group, it obtains
To multiple level user groups.
Preferably, in the 4th step, in vertical direction when user grouping;Base station is according to the CSI feedback of the vertical direction received
Information finds feedback sub-codebook serial number gvUser be divided into one group, user is divided into multiple groups in vertical direction.
Preferably, in the 4th step, in vertical direction when user grouping;Base station using all code words in all sub-codebooks as
One big codebook set, then selection quantifies the user to different codeword vectors from all vertical code words, if some code
Word corresponds to multiple users then only reservation CQI maximum one, remaining to give up;One vertical dimension is formed by the user remained
The user group of degree.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
The present invention separately feeds back horizontal, vertical dimensions channel information, without obtaining whole channel informations in user terminal,
It is greatly reduced operand.It can be used in the case where base station end obtains whole channel informations simultaneously, can also apply well
The case where base station end obtains a line, a column channel information, there is stronger applicability.Although the present invention not can be reduced feedback ratio
Special number, but higher dimensional matrix operation can be replaced by the horizontal and vertical matrix operation of low-dimensional twice, it thus greatly reduces
The computation complexity of user terminal, while also reducing the space of base station and the storage of user terminal code book.Also due to from level, vertical two
A dimension carries out user grouping scheduling, can be good at the system performance for guaranteeing scheduled user.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is single cell 3D MU-MIMO system model described in present example.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of horizontal dimensions user grouping described in present example.
Fig. 3 is the vertical dimensions user grouping schematic diagram of scheme one described in present example.
Fig. 4 is the vertical dimensions user grouping schematic diagram of scheme two described in present example.
Fig. 5 be signal-to-noise ratio described in present example be 10dB when cell average spectral efficiency show with the variation of total number of users
It is intended to.
Fig. 6 is that signal-to-noise ratio described in present example is illustrated averagely to dispatch user when 10dB with the variation of total number of users
Figure.
Fig. 7 is that total number of users described in present example is 30, and signal-to-noise ratio is that 20dB is every user's average spectral efficiency (ase) CDF
Curve.
Fig. 8 be community user number described in present example be 30 when, cell average spectral efficiency with signal-to-noise ratio variation
Schematic diagram.
Fig. 9 be community user number described in present example be 30 when, averagely scheduling user with signal-to-noise ratio variation illustrate
Figure.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, it is described be explanation of the invention and
It is not to limit.
Multi-user dispatching method based on this Limited Feedback of dicode in 3D MU-MIMO FDD system of the present invention, institute
The single cell 3D MU-MIMO system model stated is as shown in Figure 1, the system includes that a base station and K equally distributed activation are used
Family, the number of users that base station can dispatch simultaneously are S, are denoted as user 1 respectively, user 2 ... user S.Base station end is equipped with Nt=Nh×NvRoot
Antenna (the N being distributed in 2D uniform surface battle arrayhFor horizontal direction array antenna number, NvFor vertical direction row antenna number).User terminal is adopted
With single antenna (Nr=1) signal is received.Assuming that base station total transmission power is P, using power averaging, then the power of every user is P/
S.For S user of scheduling simultaneously, the reception signal of i-th of user can be indicated are as follows:
In formula:For the reception signal of i-th of user;xi∈ C is the transmission symbol of i-th of user, and is metThe multiple additive Gaussian noise of i-th of user, variance are It is
I user's pre-coding matrix;For the 3D channel matrix of i-th of user to base station.
For FDD system, base station obtains the channel information H of every user's whole without image of Buddha TDD system like thati, base station according to
The Limited Feedback information (such as PMI, CQI) of user is from code bookSelection is reasonable in (B is number of bits of feedback)
Codeword vector is as quantized channel or precoding vectors, to realize the transmission of signal.Feedback letter is calculated in order to reduce user terminal
The complexity of breath, we are by the channel information H of k-th of user in cellkIt is divided to horizontal, vertical two dimensions to be quantified.Note i-th
Row horizontal dimensions channel isThe channel of jth column vertical dimensions is denoted asSo press
It is indexed according to column, k-th of subscriber channel can indicate are as follows:It is indexed according to line, and can be with table
It is shown asPre-coding matrix w in formula (1)iCan not as in TDD system according to known channel
Information is designed, but channel vector codeword vector the most matched is obtained by calculation as precoding square in user terminal
Battle array, it may be assumed that wi=cbest, then feed back user terminal and carry out data transmission.The Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio of so i-th user can indicate are as follows:
Multi-subscriber dispatching mechanism in 3D MU-MIMO FDD system proposed by the present invention based on dicode this Limited Feedback
Specific step is as follows:
1) horizontal codebook set and vertical codebook set are stored in base station and user terminal simultaneously;
Horizontal codebook set ChBy GhThe mutually orthogonal DFT sub-codebook of a codeword vector is constituted, and each sub-codebook includes MhIt is a
Codeword vector.It is denoted as:Codebook size is Lh=Gh*Mh.Vertical sub-codebook set CvBy GvIt is a to be based on user
The sub-codebook for vertically leaving angle (ZOD) is constituted, M in sub-codebookvDistance is big as far as possible between a codeword vector code word.It is denoted as:Codebook size are as follows: Lv=Gv*Mv.Horizontal, this grouping of vertical codes situation is respectively such as formula (3), formula (4) institute
Show:
Horizontal code book Ch:
Vertical code book Cv:
2) base station passes through port channel state information reference symbol (CSI-RS) for configuring, through downlink broadcast channel to user
Send reference signal information.
It should be noted that it is not only suitable for the scheme that base station configures in each antenna port CSI-RS in the present invention program,
It is also applied for the scheme that base station only configures CSI-RS in a line, an array antenna array element.
3) user terminal carries out down channel estimation according to the reference signal information received, and according to the 3D channel information of acquisition
Calculate the signal status information CSI for needing to feed back, as CSI feedback information: it includes horizontal dimensions pre-coding matrix instruction
(PMI) information, vertical dimensions PMI, horizontal dimensions channel quality information (CQI) and vertical CQI.And these CSI are passed through uplink
Feedback channel feeds back to base station.
Horizontal PMI, vertical PMI are based respectively on horizontal direction average channel correlation matrix and vertical direction channel correlation matrix obtains.
Specifically:
Wherein, gh,k、gv,k, mh,k、mv,kSub-codebook sequence respectively where k-th of user horizontal codeword vector u and vertical code words vector v
Number and sub-codebook in codeword vector number.
Horizontal CQI can use Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR) for index, as shown in formula (5):
And vertical CQI is using vertical beam figuration gain as shown in index such as formula (6):
Horizontal channel correlation matrix and vertical channel correlation matrix are respectively as shown in formula (7), formula (8) in above formula:
If user terminal only obtains a line, a column channel information, formula is replaced with formula (9), (10)
(7), formula (8):
4) user is grouped to obtain multiple horizontal use from level, vertical two dimensions by base station according to CSI information is obtained
Then family group and multiple vertical user groups take intersection that intersection is taken to obtain level user combination vertical user group multiple two-by-two respectively
It is alternative can selection scheduling user set, since such user set has multiple groups, the sum of user CQI is therefrom selected most again in base station
Big one group is used for downlink transfer as the user finally dispatched.
The base station end CQI that the product of user horizontal CQI and vertical CQI is final as user, it may be assumed that
CQIk=CQIv,k*CQIh,k (11)
Further, horizontal dimensions user grouping schematic diagram is as shown in Fig. 2, specifically comprise the following steps:
1) feedback level sub-codebook serial number g is found according to the feedback information received in base stationv,kWith sub-codebook inner code word vector
Number mv,kAll user's set all the same;
2) to the maximum reservation of selection CQI in 1) each user's set, remaining user gives up:
3) base station is again from all users remained from 2) again by sub-codebook gvIt is identical to be divided into one group,
Obtain multiple level user groups.
User grouping can be there are two types of mode in vertical direction:
1) feedback sub-codebook serial number g is found according to the feedback information of the vertical direction received in base stationvUser be divided into one
User can be divided into vertical direction multiple groups by group.It is denoted as scheme one, schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 3.
2) base station is not gone to divide user group further according to vertical sub-codebook, but all code words in all sub-codebooks are treated as
Then one big codebook set selects those to quantify the user to different codeword vectors from all vertical code words, if there is
Code word correspond to multiple users and then only retain CQI maximum one, it is remaining to give up, by user's vertical dimensions for remaining
User group, such user group only one.This scheme is denoted as scheme two, as shown in Figure 4.
Embodiment 1:
Consider that one includes single cell, the 3D mimo system scene of multiple users, base station deployment UPA antenna, horizontal vertical
Directional aerial is 8, and other specific simulation parameters are shown in Table 1.Assuming that the total number of users difference 10,20 ... of cell, changes between 80,
Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is set as 10dB.We also provide a comparison of existing document other than the two schemes that the comparison present invention provides and propose
3D MIMO user based on optimal adjoint cluster (BCC) match scheme and random schedule scheme (assuming that random schedule scheme energy
The user being dispatched to is 1/10th of total number of users).
1 user 3D of table is distributed scene simulation parameter
As can be seen from Figure 5 with the increase of total number of users, cell can obtain average spectral efficiency (ase) and be consequently increased.And
The cell spectrum efficiency that the present invention program can obtain is more much higher than random schedule scheme and BCC scheme.It can from Fig. 6
Out, as the number of users that each scheme of increase of the total number of users of cell can dispatch also is in increasing trend, and the present invention program
The number of users ratio BCC user's pairing scheme that can be selected is more.Scheme one due to relaxing the condition to vertical direction user grouping,
Therefore it can obtain than the more numbers of users of scheme two and better performance.But while bringing multi-user diversity gain
The interference between multi-user is brought, that there is no schemes two is good for its every user's average spectral efficiency (ase) as can be seen from Figure 7.
Embodiment 2:
Still consider that one includes single cell, the 3D mimo system scene of multiple users.Assuming that the total number of users of cell is
30, consider that signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is 0dB respectively, the system performance under 5dB ..., 30dB.From figure 8, it is seen that with SNR by
Cumulative plus cell average spectral efficiency also can be with increase.The reason is that SNR increases, the channel quality of every user improves, although
Fig. 9 show schedulable number of users not SNR have too big variation, but every user's is flat in the case where channel quality improves
Equal spectrum efficiency will increase, and finally bring the promotion of system performance.In Fig. 9 in the case that the total number of users of cell is fixed, with
The number of users that SNR variation can be selected does not have variation too greatly, because user's scheduling strategy of the invention is intended to select water
User that is flat, vertically can distinguishing, words sentence is talked about guarantees that the horizontal azimuth of user and vertical pitch angle have centainly as far as possible
Distance, from the angle of user's physical location, and there is no too big relationships with the channel quality of user.This thinking
Although it is impossible to ensure that the overall performance of scheduling user is optimal, but ensure that the fairness between user.