CN109861731A - A kind of mixing precoder and its design method - Google Patents
A kind of mixing precoder and its design method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109861731A CN109861731A CN201910065149.0A CN201910065149A CN109861731A CN 109861731 A CN109861731 A CN 109861731A CN 201910065149 A CN201910065149 A CN 201910065149A CN 109861731 A CN109861731 A CN 109861731A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of mixing precoder and its design methods, can be realized low computation complexity, and spectrum efficiency, error performance are higher, and can sufficiently excavate out advantage of the structure of part connection on energy efficiency.Method for precoding of the invention is based on principal component analysis, carries out mixing precoding, improves spectrum efficiency and error performance.The present invention is the mixing Precoding Design method based on principal component analysis, it may be implemented under full connection and part connection, wherein full connection is handled for all radio frequency links of all antennas, and it is to correspond to subarray for each radio frequency link individually to handle that part, which connects submatrix,.The present invention carries out dynamic submatrix antenna using shared cohesion Hierarchy Analysis Method and is grouped, the association that can not only be concerned about between antenna has also been concerned about antenna itself, can reach better effect before the principal component analysis of part connection submatrix.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the precoding technique fields of mobile communication, and it is extensive (usually tens of to be related to a kind of millimeter wave
To several hundred above aerial arrays) MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output, MIMO technique)-
Mixing under OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, orthogonal frequency division multiplexi) system
Precoder and its design method.
Background technique
In recent years, with the development of the vehicle technologies such as unmanned plane and satellite, the application based on two kinds of technologies is also at full speed
Development.In following smart city (Smart Cities), unmanned plane and satellite will be in logistics, emergency communication, fire-fighting, boats
It plays an important role in the affairs such as bat, remote sensing and rescue.In order to utmostly using the advantage of the two, efficiently and reliably lead to
The construction of letter system is essential.This new development trend can merge universe covering and the part of Information Network
Enhancing ability improves the observation of key area high frequency time, public safety emergency responds and the mobility for the applications such as the disaster relief is observed in real time
And timeliness.However, there is also some technologies urgently to be resolved are difficult in the reliable transmission of communication system for unmanned plane/satellite system
Topic.Therefore, application of the MIMO technology in unmanned plane/satellite communication, it is considered to be realize the key technology of above-mentioned ambitious goal
One of.In MIMO, precoding technique is a very important technology, as it may ensure that system obtains enough arrays
Gain to solve the problems, such as path loss, and substantially reduces the interference between user, to increase exponentially power system capacity simultaneously.
The prior art is on the basis of being based on single carrier MIMO system, using the orthogonal matching pursuit side in compressed sensing
Method selects simulation precoder from the steering vector of channel.However, due to being multicarrier scene mostly in engineer application, it is single
Carrier technology is simultaneously impracticable, and some design methods can not expand under multicarrier environment.Therefore, for multicarrier, especially
It is that the Precoding Design method of MIMO-OFDM system becomes hot topic.Such as " A.Alkhateeb, and R.W.Heath
Jr.,“Frequency selective hybrid precoding for limited feedback millimeter
Wave systems, " IEEE Trans.Commun., vol.64, no.5, May 2016, based on having in pp.1801-1818. "
The MIMO-OFDM system for limiting feedback, proposes a kind of codebook design method for radio frequency precoding, and base band precoding is proposed
A kind of general settling mode (realizes the design of numeric field coding using water-filling algorithm).Based on complete in codebook design method
The precoding of connection carries out structure design, but full connection has high energy consumption, the characteristic of high complexity, therefore be unsuitable for applying
To the biggish mobile context of power consumption limit, spectrum efficiency, the error performance of MIMO-OFDM system are lower.
Based on the studies above, document " S.Park, A.Alkhateeb, and R.W.Heath Jr., " Dynamic
subarrays for hybrid precoding in wideband mmWave MIMO system,”IEEE
Trans.Wireless Commun., vol.16, no.5, May 2017, pp 2907-2920. " propose radio frequency precoding
A kind of precoder design method based on channel statistical information, and applied the method to the feelings of fixed submatrix connection
Scape；It being inspired by fixed submatrix connection design, the document has also been proposed a kind of dynamic submatrix connection type based on greedy algorithm, though
The design method of submatrix so is proposed, but the computation complexity of greedy algorithm is higher, does not excavate out the knot of part connection sufficiently
Advantage of the structure on energy efficiency.
As it can be seen that at present precoding technique concentrate on single carrier environment, practical application mostly use multicarrier environment (such as
OFDM in millimetre-wave attenuator scene), full connection mixing precoding technique is mostly based on full connection array structure, this array
Constructional hardware complexity is higher, and has higher energy consumption；It is existing that energy consumption can be solved based on Dynamic link library to a certain extent
Problem, but existing dynamic submatrix computation complexity is higher, does not excavate out the structure of part connection sufficiently in energy efficiency
On advantage.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, it is complicated to can be realized low calculating the present invention provides a kind of mixing precoder and its design method
Degree, spectrum efficiency, error performance are higher, and the structure that can sufficiently excavate out part connection is excellent on energy efficiency
Gesture.
To achieve the above object, technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of mixing precoder provided by the invention, it is suitable for the extensive MIMO-OFDM systems under millimeter wave scene
System, including transmitting terminal radio frequency precoder, transmitting terminal baseband precoder, receiving end RADIO FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER and the synthesis of receiving end base band
Device, the phase of the transmitting terminal radio frequency precoder are optimal digital precoder under all subcarriers of radio frequency precoder
Principal component, the principal component of the optimal digital precoder is before the precoder singular value decomposition obtainsA surprise
The corresponding left singular vector of different value, whereinFor transmitting terminal rf chain number；The phase of the receiving end RADIO FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER is
The principal component of optimal digital MMSE synthesizer, the principal component of the optimal digital MMSE synthesizer are that this is optimal digital
Before singular value decomposition obtains after the received antenna end signal autocorrelation matrix weights of MMSE synthesizerA singular value is corresponding
Left singular vector, whereinFor receiving end rf chain number.
Wherein, when radio frequency precoding is full connection, the transmitting terminal radio frequency precoder isWherein NtFor receiving antenna number, UfIt is obtained for optimal digital precoder singular value decomposition
The left singular vector arrived.
Wherein, when radio frequency precoding is that part connects, the transmitting terminal radio frequency precoder isWhereinExpression takes setRadix；For r-th of radio frequency link pair
The antenna number set of submatrix is answered, It include set for r-th of radio frequency linkMiddle correspondence's
The left singular vector that the optimal digital precoder singular value decomposition of line number obtains.
Wherein, when radio frequency precoding is full connection, the receiving end RADIO FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER isWherein,For receiving end rf chain number, UfFor optimal digital MMSE synthesizer
The left singular vector that singular value decomposition obtains after received antenna end signal autocorrelation matrix weights.
Wherein, when radio frequency precoding is that part connects, the receiving end RADIO FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER isWhereinExpression takes setRadix,For r-th of radio frequency link
The antenna number set of corresponding submatrix, It include set for r-th of radio frequency linkMiddle correspondenceLine number the optimal digital received antenna end signal autocorrelation matrix weights of MMSE synthesizer after singular value
Decompose obtained left singular vector.
Wherein, when radio frequency precoding is full connection, the receiving end baseband synthesizer is WBB[k]=WBB[k]Λeq；
Wherein, k=1,2 ... K, K are antenna carrier number,Its
Middle WRFFor receiving end RADIO FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER, superscript H expression does conjugate transposition to matrix；W is the auto-correlation for receiving signal
Matrix；WoptFor optimal digital MMSE synthesizer；
Wherein FRFFor transmitting terminal radio frequency precoder,
For transmitting terminal baseband precoder.
The design method of a kind of mixing precoder of the invention, when radio frequency precoding is full connection, for transmitting terminal
The design of radio frequency precoder, includes the following steps:
Step 1.1, optimal digital precoder is definedFor to the frequency domain square on each subcarrier
Battle array does singular value decomposition and takes its maximum NsThe corresponding right singular vector of a singular value, wherein it is corresponding to define k-th of subcarrier
Channel singular value is decomposed into H [k]=U [k] Σ [k] VH[k], wherein k=1,2 ... K, K are antenna carrier number；
Step 1.2, by the optimal digital precoder under all subcarriersIt is in one line to be used as data set
Matrix
Step 1.3, singular value decomposition is done to the data set matrix that step 1.2 obtainsWherein UfFor Zuo Qi
Different vector,fΣfV is diagonal matrix,For the associate matrix of right singular vector；
Step 1.4, transmitting terminal radio frequency precoder is enabledWherein NtFor receiving antenna
Number,For transmitting terminal rf chain number.
Wherein, when radio frequency precoding is full connection, design for receiving end RADIO FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER includes the following steps:
Step 2.1, the autocorrelation matrix and optimal digital MMSE synthesizer of received over subcarriers signal are obtained；Wherein
Reception signal autocorrelation matrix on k-th of subcarrier are as follows:
Wherein FRFFor transmitting terminal radio frequency precoder,For transmitting terminal baseband precoder, H [k] is k-th
Frequency domain channel on subcarrier, k=1,2 ... K, K are antenna carrier number, and superscript H expression is conjugate transposition, N to matrixsFor
The sequence fluxion emitted on k-th of subcarrier,Indicate noise variance, INrIt is N for sizer*NrUnit matrix, wherein NrFor
Transmitting antenna number；
The conjugate matrices of optimal digital MMSE synthesizer on k-th of subcarrier are as follows:
Step 2.2, the optimal digital MMSE synthesizer under all subcarriers is multiplied by the auto-correlation under corresponding subcarrier
It is in one line after matrix to be used as data set matrix:
Step 2.3, singular value decomposition is done to the data set matrix that step 2.2 obtains
Step 2.4, receiving end RADIO FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER are as follows:
WhereinFor receiving end rf chain number, matrix columns is rf chain number and wherein each element can use phase shift
The transverse mode constraint type that device is realized.
Wherein, when radio frequency precoding is full connection, design to receiving end baseband synthesizer includes the following steps:
First to receiving end baseband synthesizerDo Minimum Mean Squared Error estimation:Wherein WRFFor receiving end RADIO FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER, k=1,2 ... K, K are
Antenna carrier number；
Then in conjunction with the equilibrium about stream and carrier wave, the coefficient on k-th of subcarrier is calculated as follows:
Wherein FRFFor transmitting terminal radio frequency precoder,For transmitting terminal baseband precoder；
Finally, obtaining the baseband synthesizer after addition balancing procedure is WBB[k]=WBB[k]Λeq。
Wherein, under the phase shifter network and antenna combination connected entirely, transmitting terminal rf chain number and corresponding reception
End-fire frequency link number is all antenna sums；
Under the phase shifter network and antenna combination of part connection, transmitting terminal rf chain number and corresponding reception end-fire
Frequency link number is the antenna sum that each radio frequency link corresponds to subarray；
Each radio frequency link is corresponded to before subarray individually handles, using shared cohesion Hierarchy Analysis Method into
The grouping of Mobile state submatrix antenna.
The utility model has the advantages that
Method for precoding of the invention is based on principal component analysis, carries out mixing precoding, improves spectrum efficiency and mistake
Code performance.The present invention is the mixing Precoding Design method based on principal component analysis, under full connection and part connection
It may be implemented, wherein full connection is handled for all radio frequency links of all antennas, it is for each that part, which connects submatrix,
Radio frequency link corresponds to subarray and is individually handled.
The present invention carries out dynamic before the principal component analysis of part connection submatrix, using shared cohesion Hierarchy Analysis Method
The grouping of submatrix antenna, the association that can not only be concerned about between antenna have also been concerned about antenna itself, can reach better effect,
Advantage of the structure of part connection on energy efficiency can be sufficiently excavated out, is had under energy efficiency evaluation criterion good
Good performance.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is system model figure of the invention；
Fig. 2 is antenna structure view of the invention；
It wherein abridges in figure corresponding Chinese are as follows: DPX/S (duplexer or switch), LNA (low-noise amplifier), PA (power
Amplifier), AD/DA (D and D/A converter), LO (local crystal oscillator), Mixer (frequency mixer).
Fig. 3 is three kinds of connection types of the present invention；
Wherein PS (phase shifter), Ant (antenna).
Fig. 4 is that four kinds of canonical dissections of the invention are connected and fixed submatrix schematic diagram: being respectively horizontal array, vertical array, hypermatrix
With parallel battle array.
Fig. 5 is the receiver precoding spectrum efficiency Performance Evaluation schematic diagram of the full connection array of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the receiver precoding spectrum efficiency Performance Evaluation schematic diagram that present invention part connects array.
Fig. 7 is the system spectrum validity Performance Evaluation schematic diagram that the full connection of the present invention connect array with part.
Fig. 8 is that complete connect of the present invention assesses schematic diagram with the error performance for partially connecting array.
Fig. 9 connect energy efficiency Performance Evaluation of the array in passive antenna structure with part for the full connection of the present invention and shows
It is intended to.
Figure 10 is that complete connect of the present invention connect energy efficiency Performance Evaluation of the array in Active Antenna Configurations with part
Schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The present invention is based on system modelling and evaluation criterion:
One, system model:
The present invention considers under millimeter wave scene using the extensive MIMO-OFDM system such as attached drawing 1 of mixing pre-coding scheme.
Consider that its carrier number is K, transmitting antenna and receiving antenna are all face battle array, and receiving antenna number is Nt, wherein horizontal direction is gone up to the sky
Line number isAntenna number in vertical direction isTransmitting terminal rf chain number isEmit day
Line number is Nr, wherein antenna number is in horizontal directionAntenna number in vertical direction isIt connects
Receiving end rf chain number isIt mixes precoding framework and traditional pre-coding system is divided into two parts of base band and radio frequency,
Include: transmitting terminal radio frequency precoder FRF, transmitting terminal baseband precoderReceiving end baseband synthesizerAnd receiving end RADIO FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER WRF.And in an ofdm system, the baseband precoder of different sub-carrier can be with
Difference, but multiple subcarriers must share a set of radio frequency precoder.Assuming that the N that base band is issued in k-th of subcarriersFlow sequence
For x [k], NsNsFor the sequence fluxion emitted on k-th of subcarrier, x [k] is to send bit stream, meets power normalization conditionWhereinIndicating mathematic expectaion, I indicates unit matrix, and superscript H expression does conjugate transposition to matrix,
The signal eventually received is r [k], and the transmission of signal in systems receives bit stream and indicates are as follows:
R [k]=(WRFWBB[k])H(H[k]FRFFBB[k]x[k]+n[k])
Wherein H [k] is the frequency domain channel on k-th of subcarrier, and k=1,2 ... K, K are antenna carrier number；N [k] is to make an uproar
Sound.Particularly, signal receiving end antenna received indicates are as follows:
Y [k]=H [k] FRFFBB[k] x [k]+n [k],
The present invention will be to the transmitting terminal radio frequency precoder F under mixing precoding frameworkRF, transmitting terminal baseband precoderReceiving end baseband synthesizerAnd receiving end RADIO FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER WRFIt is designed.
Two, channel model:
The present invention using in extensive MIMO original channel sparsity as basic premise.Millimeter wave MIMO-OFDM system
Time delay domain matrix Hd[d] may be expressed as:
Wherein ArFor receiving end guiding matrix, Pt[d] is the gain matrix in time domain, AtFor transmitting terminal guiding matrix.Its
In, Pt[d] is embodied as:
Wherein, NtFor receiving antenna number, NrFor transmitting antenna number, τi,lFor time delay (i=1 ..., Nray, l=1 ..., Ncl),
αi,lFor complex gain (i=1 ..., Nray, l=1 ..., Ncl), p () is impulse waveform.For AtAnd ArTwo guiding matrixs, are examined
Consider cluster channel model.Assuming that there is N in channelclCluster multipath has N in every clusterrayMultipath.In transmitting terminal, more than i-th article of l cluster
The horizontal angle and pitch angle of diameter be respectivelyWithThen receiving end vertically and horizontally steering vector such as following formula:
Wherein, λ is carrier frequency, dvAnd dhRespectively hang down
Antenna spacing in straight and horizontal direction.Then the steering vector of this multipath is(its
In,Indicate Kronecker product).Therefore the guiding matrix of receiver isReceiving end guiding matrix A can similarly be obtainedr。
Three, evaluation criterion:
The present invention considers the evaluation criterion of three dimensions: spectrum efficiency, error performance and energy efficiency.
For spectrum efficiency, calculation are as follows:
Wherein Indicate that noise variance, det indicate to calculate homography
Determinant.
It is to consider to receive bit stream r [k] opposite error rate for sending bit stream x [k] for error performance.
For energy efficiency, the present invention considers two different antenna structures as shown in Fig. 2: passive antenna Fig. 2
(a) and active antenna Fig. 2 (b).Wherein, digital precoding antenna structure as a comparison is also shown in Fig. 2.
A kind of mixing precoder provided by the invention, it is suitable for the extensive MIMO-OFDM systems under millimeter wave scene
System, including transmitting terminal radio frequency precoder, transmitting terminal baseband precoder, receiving end RADIO FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER and the synthesis of receiving end base band
Device, the phase of the transmitting terminal radio frequency precoder are optimal digital precoder under all subcarriers of radio frequency precoder
Principal component, the principal component of the optimal digital precoder is before the precoder singular value decomposition obtainsA surprise
The corresponding left singular vector of different value, whereinFor transmitting terminal rf chain number；The phase of the receiving end RADIO FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER is
The principal component of optimal digital MMSE synthesizer, the principal component of the optimal digital MMSE synthesizer are that this is optimal digital
Before singular value decomposition obtains after the received antenna end signal autocorrelation matrix weights of MMSE synthesizerA singular value is corresponding
Left singular vector, whereinFor receiving end rf chain number.
It is different according to the combination of phase shifter network and antenna in radio frequency precoding part, different connection types can be generated.
The radio frequency precoding connection type that the present invention is considered is as shown in Fig. 3, including connects entirely, is partially connected and fixed submatrix and part
Connect three kinds of situations of dynamic submatrix, wherein full connection is the foundation stone of latter two connection scheme, and being partially connected and fixed submatrix is
The expansion connected entirely, it is the optimization that part is connected and fixed submatrix that part, which connects dynamic submatrix,.
Embodiment 1: the pre-coding system design under full connection.
One, for the design of transmitting terminal radio frequency precoder, since in an ofdm system, the base band of different sub-carrier prelists
Code device can be different, but multiple subcarriers must share a set of radio frequency precoder, thus radio frequency precoder can regard as it is all
The principal component of optimal digital precoder under subcarrier.Therefore, principal component analytical method can be used and obtain transmitting terminal radio frequency
The design of precoder.Specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1.1, optimal digital precoder is definedTo do surprise to the frequency domain matrix on each subcarrier
Different value decomposes and takes its maximum NsThe corresponding right singular vector of a singular value, i.e.,Wherein define kth
A subcarrier respective channels singular value decomposition is H [k]=U [k] Σ [k] VH[k]；
Step 1.2, by the optimal digital precoder under all subcarriers it is in one line as data set matrix F=
[Fopt[1]Fopt[2]…Fopt[K]]；
Step 1.3, singular value decomposition is done to the data set matrix that step 12 obtains
It step 1.4, is the hardware requirement for meeting radio frequency precoder, that is, meeting matrix columns is rf chain number and wherein
The transverse mode constraint type that each element can be realized with phase shifter, enables transmitting terminal radio frequency precoder
Two, for the design of transmitting terminal baseband precoder, the form designed using water-filling algorithm.Consider transmitting terminal radio frequency
Precoding has designed completion, i.e.,Wherein,ForSingular value decomposition, Λ [k] be dimension be Ns×NsWater filling square
Battle array, meets following formula:
Wherein, μ is the power distributed on each channel after carrying out water algorithm, is met:
Function ()+It indicates if a > 0 (a)+=a, otherwise (a)+=0.
Three, for the design of receiving end RADIO FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER, after to antenna end signal autocorrelation matrix weights are received
Optimal digital MMSE synthesizer carries out principal component analysis to obtain.Include the following steps:
Step 2.1, the autocorrelation matrix and optimal digital MMSE synthesizer of received over subcarriers signal are obtained；Wherein
Reception signal autocorrelation matrix on k-th of subcarrier is
The conjugate matrices of optimal digital MMSE synthesizer are as follows:
Step 2.2, the optimal digital MMSE synthesizer under all subcarriers is multiplied by the auto-correlation under corresponding subcarrier
It is in one line after matrix to be used as data set matrix
Step 2.3, singular value decomposition is done to the data set matrix that step 2.2 obtains
It step 2.4, is the hardware requirement for meeting RADIO FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER, that is, it is for rf chain number and wherein every to meet matrix columns
The transverse mode constraint type that a element can be realized with phase shifter, receiving end RADIO FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER are as follows:
Four, for the design of receiving end baseband synthesizer, the method combined using least mean-square estimate with equilibrium.Specifically
Are as follows: consider that transmitting terminal mixing precoding and receiving end radio frequency precoding have designed completion, does Minimum Mean Squared Error estimation firstThen in conjunction with about stream and carrier wave equilibrium,
Coefficient calculates as followsIt finally obtains after balancing procedure is added
Baseband synthesizer be WBB[k]=WBB[k]Λeq(1≤k≤K)。
Embodiment 2: the pre-coding system design being partially connected and fixed in the case of submatrix.
Part is connected and fixed submatrix with full connection the difference lies in that full connection is for all radio frequencies of all antennas
Link is handled, and being partially connected and fixed submatrix is to correspond to subarray for each radio frequency link individually to handle.
For transmitting terminal radio frequency precoder, specifically: assuming that r-th of radio frequency link corresponds to the antenna number set of submatrix
ForFor r-th of radio frequency link, enable comprising setMiddle correspondenceLine number it is optimal complete
Digital precode device isThe corresponding data set collection of the submatrix is combined into
Take the corresponding left singular vector of matrix maximum singular valueThen the radio frequency link corresponds to radio frequency Precoding Design and is(whereinExpression takes setRadix).
For receiving end RADIO FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER, specifically: assuming that the antenna number collection that r-th of radio frequency link corresponds to submatrix is combined intoFor r-th of radio frequency link, enable comprising setMiddle correspondenceLine number it is optimal complete
Digital MMSE synthesizer isEnable Heff[k]=H [k] FRFFBB[k], then the auto-correlation square of receiving antenna end signal
Battle array beNumber after the corresponding weighting of the submatrix
Gather according to collection are as follows:
Take the corresponding left singular vector of matrix maximum singular valueThen the radio frequency link corresponds to radio frequency Precoding Design
For
Embodiment 3: the dynamic submatrix antenna based on shared cohesion step analysis is grouped scheme.
Through the foregoing embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 in, the precoding analysis being partially connected and fixed in the case of submatrix is learnt,
Carrying out reasonable combination to submatrix can be improved the performance of system.In consideration of it, the present embodiment is using shared cohesion step analysis
Method carries out the grouping of dynamic submatrix to antenna, with the antenna assignment scheme being optimal --- dynamic submatrix.Previous document is adopted
Dynamic submatrix distribution is carried out with greedy algorithm, however since greedy algorithm only focuses on the size of the degree of association between antenna, do not close
Antenna itself is infused, therefore the effect is unsatisfactory.The shared cohesion Hierarchy Analysis Method that the present embodiment uses can not only be paid close attention to
To the association between antenna, it has also been concerned about antenna itself, better effect can be reached.
The core concept of shared cohesion level parser are as follows: be initially set one group of every antenna self-contained, every time repeatedly
In generation, will be combined into one group by the maximum two groups of antennas of the degree of association each other, until antenna sets number is rf chain number.Wherein, algorithm is set
Meter standard foundation are as follows: the attainable emission maximum spectrum efficiency of system is the flat of the maximum singular value of related submatrix corresponding data collection
The sum of side, i.e.,It is generallyd use in engineeringNorm carrys out approximate singular value, it may be assumed that
Wherein,RF=FFH.Therefore, dynamic Subarray partition problem can be expressed as
So definitionThe degree of association between two groups of antennas:
Antenna submatrix is divided according to step in detail below:
Step 3.1, every antenna is divided into one groupAntenna sets number Nsub=Nt。
Step 3.2, when antenna sets numberWhen, it is iterated.When each iteration starts, previous step iteration is saved
As a resultAll groups are iterated over every time, for current groupSearching keeps its degree of association maximum
GroupWhereinFor groupAlso maximum group of its degree of association is found in existing group
WhereinIf i=i0, then by groupWithGroup is combined into one group, otherwise is not combined
Together and in the processing of next group of entrance.When the resulting antenna sets number of this iterationWhen, stop iteration and uses
Previous step iteration resultFor output as a result, i.e. If always organizing number at this timeTo own
Sequence arrangement of the group by radix from small to large, and radix is the smallestA group is incorporated to the maximum base of degree of being associated with
Number is maximumIn a group.
In conclusion the above is merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, being not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in of the invention
Within protection scope.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of mixing precoder, it is suitable for the extensive MIMO-OFDM systems under millimeter wave scene, including transmitting end-fire
Frequency precoder, transmitting terminal baseband precoder, receiving end RADIO FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER and receiving end baseband synthesizer, which is characterized in that
The phase of the transmitting terminal radio frequency precoder is the master of optimal digital precoder under all subcarriers of radio frequency precoder
Ingredient, the principal component of the optimal digital precoder are before the precoder singular value decomposition obtainsA singular value
Corresponding left singular vector, whereinFor transmitting terminal rf chain number；The phase of the receiving end RADIO FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER is optimal
The principal component of digital MMSE synthesizer, the principal component of the optimal digital MMSE synthesizer are that the optimal digital MMSE is closed
Before singular value decomposition after received antenna end signal autocorrelation matrix weights of growing up to be a useful person obtainsThe corresponding left surprise of a singular value
Different vector, whereinFor receiving end rf chain number.
2. mixing precoder as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that when radio frequency precoding is full connection, the hair
Penetrating end-fire frequency precoder isWherein NtFor receiving antenna number, UfIt is optimal digital
The left singular vector that precoder singular value decomposition obtains.
3. mixing precoder as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described when radio frequency precoding is that part connects
Transmitting terminal radio frequency precoder isWhereinExpression takes setBase
Number；The antenna number set of submatrix is corresponded to for r-th of radio frequency link, Include for r-th of radio frequency link
SetMiddle correspondenceLine number the obtained left singular vector of optimal digital precoder singular value decomposition.
4. mixing precoder as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described to connect when radio frequency precoding is full connection
Receiving end RADIO FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER isWherein,For receiving end rf chain number, UfIt is optimal
The left singular vector that singular value decomposition obtains after the digital received antenna end signal autocorrelation matrix weights of MMSE synthesizer.
5. mixing precoder as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described when radio frequency precoding is that part connects
Receiving end RADIO FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER isWhereinExpression takes setRadix,The antenna number set of submatrix is corresponded to for r-th of radio frequency link, It include collection for r-th of radio frequency link
It closesMiddle correspondenceThe optimal digital received antenna end signal autocorrelation matrix of MMSE synthesizer of line number add
The left singular vector that singular value decomposition obtains after power.
6. mixing precoder as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described to connect when radio frequency precoding is full connection
Receiving end baseband synthesizer is WBB[k]=WBB[k]Λeq；
Wherein, k=1,2 ... K, K are antenna carrier number,Wherein WRF
For receiving end RADIO FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER, superscript H expression does conjugate transposition to matrix；W is the auto-correlation square for receiving signal
Battle array；WoptFor optimal digital MMSE synthesizer；
Wherein FRFFor transmitting terminal radio frequency precoder,For transmitting
Hold baseband precoder.
7. a kind of design method for mixing precoder, which is characterized in that when radio frequency precoding is full connection, for transmitting terminal
The design of radio frequency precoder, includes the following steps:
Step 1.1, defining optimal digital precoder is to do singular value decomposition to the frequency domain matrix on each subcarrier and take
Its maximum NsThe corresponding left singular vector of a singular value, wherein defining k-th of subcarrier respective channels singular value decomposition is H
[k]=U [k] Σ [k] VH[k], wherein k=1,2 ... K, K are antenna carrier number；
Step 1.2, the optimal digital precoder under all subcarriers is in one line as data set matrix F；
Step 1.3, singular value decomposition is done to the data set matrix that step 1.2 obtainsWherein UfFor left unusual arrow
Amount, ΣfFor diagonal matrix,For the associate matrix of right singular vector；
Step 1.4, transmitting terminal radio frequency precoder is enabledWherein NtFor receiving antenna number,For transmitting terminal rf chain number.
8. a kind of design method for mixing precoder, which is characterized in that when radio frequency precoding is full connection, for receiving end
The design of RADIO FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER, includes the following steps:
Step 2.1, the autocorrelation matrix and optimal digital MMSE synthesizer of received over subcarriers signal are obtained；Wherein kth
Reception signal autocorrelation matrix on a subcarrier are as follows:
Wherein FRFFor transmitting terminal radio frequency precoder,For transmitting terminal baseband precoder, H [k] is that k-th of son carries
Frequency domain channel on wave, k=1,2 ... K, K are antenna carrier number, and superscript H expression is conjugate transposition, N to matrixsFor kth
The sequence fluxion emitted on a subcarrier,Indicate noise variance, INrIt is N for sizer*NrUnit matrix, wherein NrFor hair
Penetrate antenna number；
The conjugate matrices of optimal digital MMSE synthesizer on k-th of subcarrier are as follows:
Step 2.2, the optimal digital MMSE synthesizer under all subcarriers is multiplied by the autocorrelation matrix under corresponding subcarrier
It is in one line afterwards to be used as data set matrix:
Step 2.3, singular value decomposition is done to the data set matrix that step 2.2 obtains
Step 2.4, receiving end RADIO FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER are as follows:
WhereinFor receiving end rf chain number, matrix columns is rf chain number and wherein each element can use phase shifter reality
Existing transverse mode constraint type.
9. a kind of design method for mixing precoder, which is characterized in that when radio frequency precoding is full connection, to receiving end base
Design with synthesizer, includes the following steps:
First to receiving end baseband synthesizerDo Minimum Mean Squared Error estimation:Wherein WRFFor receiving end RADIO FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER, k=1,2 ... K, K are
Antenna carrier number；
Then in conjunction with the equilibrium about stream and carrier wave, the coefficient on k-th of subcarrier is calculated as follows:
Wherein FRFFor transmitting terminal radio frequency precoder,For transmitting terminal baseband precoder；
Finally, obtaining the baseband synthesizer after addition balancing procedure is WBB[k]=WBB[k]Λeq。
10. the design method of mixing precoder as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that in the phase shifter net connected entirely
Under network and antenna combination, transmitting terminal rf chain number and corresponding receiving end rf chain number are all antenna sums；
Under the phase shifter network and antenna combination of part connection, transmitting terminal rf chain number and corresponding receiving end rf chain
Number is the antenna sum that each radio frequency link corresponds to subarray；
Each radio frequency link is corresponded to before subarray individually handles, is moved using shared cohesion Hierarchy Analysis Method
The grouping of state submatrix antenna.
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