WO2022227348A1 - 一种基于单桩基础的旋转施工平台 - Google Patents

一种基于单桩基础的旋转施工平台 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022227348A1
WO2022227348A1 PCT/CN2021/113820 CN2021113820W WO2022227348A1 WO 2022227348 A1 WO2022227348 A1 WO 2022227348A1 CN 2021113820 W CN2021113820 W CN 2021113820W WO 2022227348 A1 WO2022227348 A1 WO 2022227348A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
platform
construction
working platform
fixedly connected
rotary
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/113820
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
闾泽洋
王冬珍
姜娟
杨正华
陈晓路
杭兆峰
管春雨
杨立华
姚中原
花阳
蔡小莹
刘溟江
张宇
严祺慧
Original Assignee
上海勘测设计研究院有限公司
华能国际电力江苏能源开发有限公司清洁能源分公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202110484772.7A external-priority patent/CN115262514A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202120946072.0U external-priority patent/CN215518693U/zh
Application filed by 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司, 华能国际电力江苏能源开发有限公司清洁能源分公司 filed Critical 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司
Priority to EP21938812.1A priority Critical patent/EP4321687A4/en
Priority to US18/288,580 priority patent/US20240218625A1/en
Priority to BR112023022646A priority patent/BR112023022646A2/pt
Publication of WO2022227348A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022227348A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/0034—Maintenance, repair or inspection of offshore constructions
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B2017/0056—Platforms with supporting legs
    • E02B2017/0065—Monopile structures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a water construction platform, in particular to a rotary construction platform based on a single pile foundation.
  • the temporary platform is too large, and the technology and economy are unreasonable.
  • a special offshore construction operation vessel such as a DCM mixer vessel
  • the vessel can be equipped with construction equipment, that is, onshore construction machinery can be installed and configured on a barge or a jack-up platform vessel.
  • Special offshore construction ships have high construction efficiency, but are generally large in size, tight in construction time for ships, and expensive in equipment; the transformation of ships generally requires reasonable configuration and fixing of relevant equipment. Except for the self-elevating platform ship, other ships need to constantly move the anchor during the offshore construction process.
  • the jack-up platform ship needs to insert and pull out the pile legs, adjust the position, the work efficiency is low, and the technology and economy are unreasonable. Therefore, a new type of construction platform is needed to reduce construction difficulty and save construction time and cost.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a rotary construction platform based on a single pile foundation, and propose a new design method to The construction platform is directly set on the single pile foundation, which saves construction time and costs, improves the continuity of construction operations, and ensures construction quality.
  • the present invention provides a rotary construction platform based on a single pile foundation, including a slewing connection mechanism arranged on the top of the single pile foundation, and a working platform arranged on the slewing connection mechanism, and the slewing connection mechanism includes an upper connection mechanism. a cylinder, a lower connection cylinder, and a slewing support structure between the upper connection cylinder and the lower connection cylinder, the working platform is fixedly connected to the upper connection cylinder, and the lower connection cylinder is detachably fixed on the top of the monopile foundation , at least one side of the working platform protrudes from the side of the monopile foundation.
  • the rotary connection mechanism further includes a corbel fixedly connected to the upper connecting cylinder, and the working platform is fixedly connected to the corbel.
  • transverse brace is also fixedly connected between the corbel and the upper connecting cylinder.
  • the load-bearing system of the working platform includes a platform chassis, and the platform chassis is fixedly connected with a short column, and the short column is fixedly connected to the corbel of the slewing connection mechanism.
  • the platform underframe is rectangular, and one or both sides along the length direction protrude from the monopile foundation, and the platform underframe includes a main beam arranged along the length direction and a secondary beam arranged along the width direction. , and a panel or grille installed on the main beam and the secondary beam, the short column is fixedly connected with the main beam.
  • the load-bearing system of the working platform also includes a vertical reinforcement structure that is fixedly connected to the platform chassis.
  • the load-bearing system formed by the platform underframe and the vertical reinforcement structure is a frame structure, a truss structure, a self-stressed arch structure or a cable-stayed structure.
  • the slewing connection mechanism further includes a slewing control system for controlling the rotation of the slewing support structure.
  • a berthing and boarding structure is also provided at the side of the working platform.
  • the working platform includes a guardrail and a guard wheel sill arranged on the platform chassis.
  • the rotary construction platform involved in the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the rotating construction platform of the present invention is stable and reliable, can replace the original method of using ships for offshore construction operations or temporary construction platforms, weakens adverse effects on the marine environment such as tidal levels, waves and currents, improves the continuity of construction operations, saves construction time and costs, and avoids
  • the ship machine is swayed by the waves and hits the single pile foundation, which improves the construction positioning accuracy and ensures the construction quality.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the rotating construction platform of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 is a top view of the rotary connection mechanism in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a platform chassis of a working platform in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a front view of the working platform in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the working platform in the second embodiment of the rotating construction platform of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the working platform in the third embodiment of the rotating construction platform of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the working platform in Embodiment 4 of the rotating construction platform of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the working platform in the fifth embodiment of the rotating construction platform of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the working platform in the sixth embodiment of the rotating construction platform of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a rotary construction platform based on a monopile foundation 1, comprising a slewing connection mechanism 2 arranged on the top of the monopile foundation 1, and a working platform 3 arranged on the slew connection mechanism 2,
  • the slewing connection mechanism 2 includes an upper connection cylinder 22, a lower connection cylinder 21, and a slewing support structure 23 located between the upper connection cylinder 22 and the lower connection cylinder 21.
  • the working platform 3 is fixedly connected on the upper connection cylinder 22 and the lower connection cylinder.
  • 21 is detachably fixed on the top of the monopile foundation 1 , and at least one side of the working platform 3 protrudes from the side of the monopile foundation 1 .
  • the area of the pile top increases, the bearing capacity of the monopile foundation 1 is enhanced, and the monopile foundation 1 has sufficient rigidity.
  • the self-weight and construction load are small, so it is feasible to use the single pile foundation and one pile top to arrange the rotating construction platform.
  • the rotating construction platform involved in the present invention adopts a new design method, and the rotating construction platform is set on the single pile foundation 1, that is, the single pile foundation 1 is used as a structural support, and no additional pile foundation is required, and the setting has a rotating function.
  • the upper connecting cylinder 22 rotates relative to the lower connecting cylinder 21 through the slewing support structure 23, thereby driving the working platform 3 to rotate.
  • the working platform 3 can be rotated according to the actual construction needs, so the working platform 3 only needs to be in a certain direction. (It can be called the length direction)
  • the larger size of the single pile foundation 1 is longer, and the width size is smaller.
  • the working platform 3 is moved to the position that needs to be constructed by rotating, which is flexible and can be used under the condition of achieving the same construction range.
  • the overall size of the working platform 3 is effectively reduced, which brings convenience to construction.
  • the rotating construction platform of the present invention is stable and reliable, can replace the original method of using ships for offshore construction operations or temporary construction platforms, weakens adverse effects on the marine environment such as tidal levels, waves and currents, improves the continuity of construction operations, saves construction time and costs, and avoids
  • the ship machine is swayed by the waves and hits the single pile foundation 1, which improves the construction positioning accuracy and ensures the construction quality.
  • the rotary connection mechanism 2 further includes a corbel 24 fixedly connected to the upper connecting cylinder 22 , and the working platform 3 is fixedly connected to the corbel 24 , and the corbel 24 is A plurality of them are reasonably distributed inside and outside the upper connecting cylinder 22, and a cross brace 25 is fixedly connected between the corbel 24 and the upper connecting cylinder 22 for further stable support.
  • the corbel 24 facilitates the installation between the rotary connecting mechanism 2 and the working platform 3 and increases the support capability for the working platform 3 .
  • the corbel 24 is provided with a flange, and the working platform 3 is connected to the flange on the corbel 24 through bolts.
  • the slewing support structure 23 is generally composed of two relatively rotatable steel races, which can bear axial force, radial force and overturning moment at the same time.
  • the 23 form can adopt single-row four-point contact ball type, single-row cross-roller type, double-row or double-row ball type, three-row roller type, ball-column combination type, etc.
  • the slewing connection mechanism 2 also includes a slewing control system that controls the rotation of the slewing support structure 23 , through which the working platform 3 can be rotated and positioned to different construction angles efficiently and accurately and temporarily fixed.
  • the load-bearing system of the working platform 3 includes a platform underframe 31 , which is the main structure for carrying equipment 5 and personnel activities. 31 is fixed with a short column 32, the short column 32 can protrude downward from the bottom of the platform chassis 31, and the lower end of the short column 32 is fixedly connected to the flange of the corbel 24 in the rotary connection mechanism 2 by bolts.
  • the platform chassis 31 is rectangular, and in the length direction, both sides of the platform chassis 31 protrude from the monopile foundation 1 for a long distance; the platform chassis 31 Therefore, the area of the platform chassis 31 does not need to be too large.
  • the platform chassis 31 can cover a large construction area. 31 The simplified structure can be adopted as much as possible. In this embodiment, referring to FIG.
  • the platform underframe 31 includes a main beam 312 arranged in the length direction, a secondary beam 313 arranged in the width direction, and panels or grids 312 installed on the main beam 312 and the secondary beam 313 , the short column 32 is fixedly connected to the main beam 312 , and the edge of the platform chassis 31 surrounds the square frame beam 311 , so as to ensure the overall torsional strength of the platform chassis 31 .
  • holes 315 are partially provided on the platform chassis 31 to facilitate construction.
  • the working platform 3 includes a guardrail 33 and a wheel guard sill 34 arranged at the edge of the platform chassis 31 for safety protection.
  • a berthing and boarding structure 6 is also provided at the side of the working platform 3, which is convenient for personnel to get on and off the platform.
  • the working platform 3 is also provided with life-saving and escape facilities, and is provided with necessary sunshade, rain, wind and wind protection facilities, and the working platform 3 is also provided with basic lightning and lightning protection facilities.
  • the working platform 3 is provided with track beams 8, guide rails 7, brackets, embedded bolts, etc. for installing oil tanks, water tanks, cement
  • a lifting point is also set on the working platform 3 for platform lifting and installation.
  • the silo 4 and the equipment 5 can be lifted to the working platform 3 by a crane, or temporarily fixed on the working platform 3 in advance, and then integrated with the platform. Hoisting.
  • the lower connecting cylinder 21 of the slewing connection mechanism 2 is fixedly connected to the single-pillar foundation by bolts, so that the rotating construction platform can be flexibly removed from the single-pile foundation 1, and can be reused without affecting the single-pile foundation. 1 for subsequent use.
  • the bearing system of the working platform 3 further includes a vertical reinforcement structure 35, and the vertical reinforcement structure 35 includes columns 351 and beams 353. Specifically, the number of columns 351 is determined according to actual needs.
  • the lower end is fixed on the platform chassis 31, and the beam 353 is laterally fixed on the column 351.
  • the column 351 and the beam 353 together with the platform chassis 31 constitute a frame structure, which is used to ensure the strength and rigidity of the entire working platform 3, improve the bearing performance, reduce the The working platform 3 is deformed due to the load.
  • Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • this embodiment is an improvement on the basis of Embodiment 1, wherein the vertical reinforcement structure 35 of the working platform 3 is composed of columns 351, struts 352 and beams 353, and the like. ) are fixedly connected by struts 352 to improve the stress state of the beam-column joint.
  • the columns 351 , the struts 352 and the beams 353 together with the platform chassis 31 constitute a cross-bracing frame structure, which further increases the overall strength and rigidity of the working platform 3 .
  • the vertical reinforcement structure 35 of the bearing system of the working platform 3 includes a tie rod 354 and an arch ring 355, etc.
  • Tie rods 354 are fixedly connected with the platform chassis 31 , and there are multiple tie rods 354 arranged along the length direction of the platform chassis 31 .
  • the tie rod 354, the arch ring 355 and the platform underframe 31 together form a self-stressed arch structure, which is used to ensure the strength and rigidity of the entire working platform 3.
  • the use of this self-stressed arch bearing system can improve the bearing performance and reduce work.
  • Platform 3 is deformed by the load.
  • Embodiment 4 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 4:
  • the vertical reinforcement structure 35 of the bearing system of the working platform 3 includes a cable tower 356 and a cable 357 , etc.
  • the cable tower 356 is fixed on the platform chassis 31 and is close to the middle of the platform chassis 31 At the position, there are multiple cables 357 , and the upper end of the cable 357 is fixed on the top of the cable tower 356 , and the lower end is fixed at different positions on the platform chassis 31 .
  • the cable tower 356 and the cable 357 together with the platform underframe 31 form a cable-stayed structure, which is used to ensure the strength and rigidity of the entire working platform 3.
  • the use of this cable-stayed structural bearing system can improve the bearing performance and reduce the three factors of the working platform. Weight-bearing deformation.
  • Embodiment 5 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 5:
  • the vertical reinforcement structure 35 of the bearing system of the working platform 3 includes a web bar 358 and an upper chord bar 359 and the like.
  • the lower end of the web rod 358 is fixed on the platform chassis 31
  • the upper chord 359 is laterally fixed on the web rod 358 .
  • the web bar 358 and the upper chord bar 359 together with the platform chassis 31 constitute a truss structure, which is used to ensure the strength and rigidity of the entire working platform 3, which can improve the bearing performance and reduce the deformation of the working platform 3 due to load.
  • Embodiment 6 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 6
  • this embodiment is basically similar to Embodiment 1, except that in this embodiment, one side of the platform chassis 31 of the working platform 3 along the length direction protrudes from the monopile foundation 1 for a long distance, and the other The side only slightly protrudes from the monopile foundation 1, that is, the working platform 3 protrudes from one side.
  • This embodiment can be used in the case where the platform area is not required, the structure of the working platform 3 is reduced, and the weight of the platform itself is reduced, but there are higher technical requirements for the arrangement of the construction equipment 5 and the silo 4 .
  • the conditions for using the top of the single pile foundation 1 as the supporting foundation for the rotating construction platform of the present invention are: with the increase of the diameter of the single pile at sea, the area of the pile top increases, and it has sufficient rigidity, the bearing capacity of the single pile is enhanced, and it can be stable and reliable. Support the rotating platform well.
  • the construction around the single-pile foundation 1 can be effectively completed, such as foundation reinforcement around the pile (such as replacement method, high-pressure rotary spray method, cement mixing method). It can replace the original method of using offshore construction vessels or conventional temporary multi-piled platforms, reduce the adverse effects of tidal level, waves and currents and other marine environments, improve the continuity of construction, save ship time and costs, and avoid ship engines being affected by waves when the construction space is small.
  • the single pile foundation 1 is touched by shaking, so as to improve the construction positioning accuracy and ensure the construction quality.
  • the rotating construction platform reduces the size of the platform under the condition of realizing the same construction scope, which brings convenience to the construction and has practical engineering significance.
  • the rotary construction platform of the present invention can also be used for the construction of anti-scour facilities around the pile (sand quilt arrangement, riprap around the pile, artificial blocks thrown around the pile, solidified soil anti-scour layer), installation of auxiliary components, repair of anti-corrosion coatings, etc. It can also be used as a temporary survey, observation and testing platform during construction. In addition to being applied to single-column foundations at sea, the rotary construction platform can also be applied to single-column foundations in lakes, rivers and other waters based on the same or similar principles as an above-water construction platform.
  • the present invention effectively overcomes various shortcomings in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Foundations (AREA)
  • Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种基于单桩基础的旋转施工平台，包括设置在单桩基础顶部的回转连接机构、以及设置在回转连接机构上的工作平台，所述回转连接机构包括上连接筒、下连接筒、以及位于上连接筒和下连接筒之间的回转支承结构，所述工作平台固定连接在上连接筒上，所述下连接筒可拆装式地固定在单桩基础顶部，所述工作平台至少一侧伸出单桩基础侧边。本发明的旋转施工平台，稳固可靠，可替代原先需要使用海上施工作业船舶或临时施工平台的方式，提高施工作业的连续性，节省施工时间及费用，避免施工空间较小时船机受波浪晃动而碰到单桩基础，提高施工定位精度，保证施工质量。

Description

一种基于单桩基础的旋转施工平台 技术领域
本发明涉及水上施工平台，具体涉及一种基于单桩基础的旋转施工平台。
背景技术
在海上构筑物建设、设备安装和维护过程中，常需要在单桩周边进行施工，目前海上施工通常有两种方式，分别为采用常规的临时多桩平台和采用海上施工作业船舶。若采用常规的临时多桩平台，常规有两种方式，一是在单桩基础桩侧附近搭建较小临时平台，临时平台利用多根直径较小的钢管桩支承，这种方式需要不断打桩拔桩并拆卸组装平台以调整临时平台在单桩基础桩周的位置，以满足施工需要；二是采用尺寸非常大的临时平台中间预留孔洞，将整个单桩基础围住在其中，这种方式临时平台过于庞大，技术经济不合理。若采用海上施工作业船舶，可用特种海上施工作业船舶(如DCM搅拌船)，或者船舶搭载施工设备，即陆上工程机械安装配置到驳船上或自升式平台船上。特种海上施工作业船舶施工效率高，但体型一般较大、船机工期紧张且设备昂贵；改造船舶一般需要将相关设备进行合理配置并固定。除自升式平台船外，其他船舶在海上施工过程中需要不断地进行绞锚移位，海上施工时需克服海流、波浪荷载及海风等环境因素的影响，施工质量不易控制。自升式平台船需插拔桩腿，调整位置，工效较低，技术经济较不合理。因此，需要一种新型施工平台，来降低施工难度，节省施工时间及费用。
发明内容
鉴于以上所述现有技术的缺点，本发明要解一种基于单桩基础的旋转施工平台决的技术问题在于提供一种基于单桩基础的旋转施工平台，提出一种新的设计方式，将施工平台直接设置在单桩基础上，节省施工时间及费用，提高施工作业的连续性，保证施工质量。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供一种基于单桩基础的旋转施工平台，包括设置在单桩基础顶部的回转连接机构、以及设置在回转连接机构上的工作平台，所述回转连接机构包括上连接筒、下连接筒、以及位于上连接筒和下连接筒之间的回转支承结构，所述工作平台固定连接在上连接筒上，所述下连接筒可拆装式地固定在单桩基础顶部，所述工作平台至少一侧伸出于单桩基础侧边。
进一步地，所述回转连接机构还包括固定连接在上连接筒的牛腿，所述工作平台固定连接在牛腿上。
进一步地，所述牛腿与上连接筒之间还固定连接有横撑。
进一步地，所述工作平台的承重体系包括平台底架，所述平台底架固定连接有短柱，所述短柱固定连接在回转连接机构的牛腿上。
进一步地，所述平台底架呈长方形，且沿长度方向的一侧或者两侧都伸出于单桩基础，所述平台底架包括沿长度方向布置的主梁、沿宽度方向布置的次梁、以及安装在主梁和次梁上的面板或格栅，所述短柱与主梁固定连接。
进一步地，所述工作平台的承重体系还包括与平台底架固定连接的竖向强化结构。
进一步地，所述平台底架和竖向强化结构构成的承重体系为框架结构、桁架结构、自应力拱系结构或者斜拉结构。
进一步地，所述回转连接机构还包括控制回转支承结构转动的回转控制系统。
进一步地，所述工作平台的侧边处还设有靠泊登乘结构。
进一步地，所述工作平台包括设置在平台底架上的护栏及护轮槛。
如上所述，本发明涉及的旋转施工平台，具有以下有益效果：
通过设置在单桩基础顶部的回转连接机构、以及设置在回转连接机构上的工作平台，采用新的设计方式，将旋转施工平台设置在单桩基础上，即以单桩基础作为结构支承，不再需要额外设置桩基，并且通过设置具有旋转功能的回转连接机构，带动工作平台旋转，在实现同样施工范围的条件下可有效减少工作平台的整体尺寸,为施工带来便利。本发明的旋转施工平台，稳固可靠，可替代原先需要使用海上施工作业船舶或临时施工平台的方式，减弱潮位波浪水流等海洋环境不利影响，提高施工作业的连续性，节省施工时间及费用，避免施工空间较小时船机受波浪晃动而碰到单桩基础，提高施工定位精度，保证施工质量。
附图说明
图1为本发明旋转施工平台实施例一的结构示意图。
图2为图1的俯视图。
图3为本发明实施例一中的回转连接机构的俯视图。
图4为本发明实施例一中工作平台的平台底架的结构示意图。
图5为本发明实施例一中工作平台的正视图。
图6为本发明旋转施工平台实施例二中的工作平台的结构示意图。
图7为本发明旋转施工平台实施例三中的工作平台的结构示意图。
图8为本发明旋转施工平台实施例四中的工作平台的结构示意图。
图9为本发明旋转施工平台实施例五中的工作平台的结构示意图。
图10为本发明旋转施工平台实施例六中的工作平台的结构示意图
元件标号说明
1                 单桩基础
2                 回转连接机构
21                下连接筒
22                上连接筒
23                回转支承结构
24                牛腿
25                横撑
3                 工作平台
31                平台底架
311               框梁
312               主梁
313               次梁
314               面板或格栅
315               孔洞
32                短柱
33                护栏
34                护轮槛
35                竖向强化结构
351               柱
352               撑杆
353               梁
354               系杆
355               拱圈
356               索塔
357               拉索
358               上弦杆
359               腹杆
4                 料仓
5                 设备
6                 靠泊登乘结构
7                 导轨
8                 轨道梁
具体实施方式
以下由特定的具体实施例说明本发明的实施方式，熟悉此技术的人士可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点及功效。
须知，本说明书附图所绘的结构、比例、大小等，均仅用以配合说明书所揭示的内容，以供熟悉此技术的人士了解与阅读，并非用以限定本发明可实施的限定条件，故不具技术上的实质意义，任何结构的修饰、比例关系的改变或大小的调整，在不影响本发明所能产生的功效及所能达成的目的下，均应仍落在本发明所揭示的技术内容能涵盖的范围内。同时，本说明书中所引用的如“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“中间”等的用语，亦仅为便于叙述明了，而非用以限定本发明可实施的范围，其相对关系的改变或调整，在无实质变更技术内容下，当亦视为本发明可实施的范畴。
参见图1至图10，本发明提供了一种基于单桩基础1的旋转施工平台，包括设置在单桩基础1顶部的回转连接机构2、以及设置在回转连接机构2上的工作平台3，回转连接机构2包括上连接筒22、下连接筒21、以及位于上连接筒22和下连接筒21之间的回转支承结构23，工作平台3固定连接在在上连接筒22上，下连接筒21可拆装式地固定在单桩基础1顶部，工作平台3至少一侧伸出于单桩基础1侧边。
随着海上单桩基础1直径的增大，桩顶面积增大，单桩基础1承载能力增强，具有足够的刚度，部分施工机械(如高压旋喷钻机、水泥注浆机)体型较小、自重及施工荷载较小，因此，利用单桩基础1桩顶布置旋转施工平台具备可行性。
本发明涉及的旋转施工平台，采用新的设计方式，将旋转施工平台设置在单桩基础1上，即以单桩基础1作为结构支承，不再需要另外设置桩基，并且通过设置具有旋转功能的回转连接机构2，上连接筒22通过回转支承结构23相对下连接筒21回转，从而带动工作平台3旋转，工作平台3可根据实际施工需要进行旋转，因此工作平台3只需要在某个方向(可称为长度方向)尺寸较大伸单桩基础1较长距离，而宽度尺寸较少，通过旋转方式移动工作平台3至需要施工的位置，使用灵活，在实现同样施工范围的条件下可有效减少工作平台3的 整体尺寸,为施工带来便利。本发明的旋转施工平台，稳固可靠，可替代原先需要使用海上施工作业船舶或临时施工平台的方式，减弱潮位波浪水流等海洋环境不利影响，提高施工作业的连续性，节省施工时间及费用，避免施工空间较小时船机受波浪晃动而碰到单桩基础1，提高施工定位精度，保证施工质量。
参见图1至图10，以下以几个具体实施例对本发明做进一步说明：
实施例一：
参见图1至图5，在本实施例中，作为优选设计，回转连接机构2还包括固定连接在上连接筒22的牛腿24，工作平台3固定连接在牛腿24上，牛腿24为多个，在上连接筒22内外合理分布，并且在牛腿24与上连接筒22之间还固定连接有横撑25来进一步稳定支撑。牛腿24方便回转连接机构2与工作平台3之间的安装，并增加对工作平台3的支持能力。优选地，牛腿24上设有法兰，工作平台3通过螺栓连接在牛腿24上的法兰上。
在本实施例中，参见图1、图2和图3，回转支承结构23一般由两个可相对转动的钢座圈构成，能同时承受轴向力、径向力和倾覆力矩，回转支承结构23形式可采用单排四点接触球式、单排交叉滚柱式、双排或双列球式、三排滚柱式、球柱联合式等。作为优选设计，回转连接机构2还包括控制回转支承结构23转动的回转控制系统，通过回转控制系统可使工作平台3高效精准地旋转定位到不同的施工角度并临时固定。
在本实施例中，参见图2、图4和图5，作为优选设计，工作平台3的承重体系包括平台底架31，平台底架31为承载设备5和人员活动的主要结构，平台底架31固定有短柱32，短柱32可向下伸出于平台底架31底部，短柱32下端通过螺栓固定连接在回转连接机构2中牛腿24的法兰上。
在本实施例中，参见图1、图2和图4，平台底架31呈长方形，在长度方向上，平台底架31两侧都伸出于单桩基础1较长距离；平台底架31的宽度不必过大，满足设备及工艺需要即可；因此平台底架31面积不用太大，通过回转连接机构2的旋转，平台底架31就能够覆盖较大的施工范围，以此平台底架31可以尽量采用精简的结构。在本实施例中，参见图5，平台底架31包括沿长度方向布置的主梁312、沿宽度方向布置的次梁313、以及安装在主梁312和次梁313上的面板或格栅312，短柱32固定连接在主梁312上，平台底架31边缘包围方形的框梁311，以此确保平台底架31的整体抗扭强度。此外，根据需要，在平台底架31上局部设有孔洞315，方便施工。
在本实施例中，参见图2、图4和图5，工作平台3包括设置在平台底架31边缘处的护栏33及护轮槛34，用于起到安全保护作用。并且，工作平台3侧边处还设有靠泊登乘结构6， 便于人员上下平台。
本发明中，在工作平台3上还配有救生逃生设施，并设有必要的遮阳挡雨挡风设施，工作平台3上还设有基本的避雷防雷设施。
作为优选设计，在本实施例中，参见图2、图4和图5，在工作平台3上设有轨道梁8、导轨7、支架、预埋螺栓等，用于安装油舱、水箱、水泥仓等料仓4的安装和移动，以及用于安装柴油发电机、空气压缩机、泥浆泵、高压注浆机、水泥搅拌桩机、小型吊机、小型钻机等设备5的安装和移动。在工作平台3上还设置吊点，用于平台吊运及安装，料仓4和设备5可经起重船吊运到工作平台3上，或预先在工作平台3临时固定，然后和平台整体吊装。
本发明中，回转连接机构2的下连接筒21通过螺栓固定连接在单柱基础上，可以从灵活地将旋转施工平台从单桩基础1上移除，可以重复使用，且不影响单桩基础1后续使用。
在本实施例中，参见图5，工作平台3的承载体系还包括竖向强化结构35，竖向强化结构35包括柱351和梁353，具体地，柱351的数量根据实际需要确定，柱351下端固定在平台底架31，梁353横向地固定在柱351上，柱351和梁353与平台底架31一起构成框架结构，用于保证整个工作平台3的强度及刚度，提升承载性能，减少工作平台3因负重变形。
实施例二：
参见图6，本实施例为在实施例一基础上的改进，其中工作平台3的竖向强化结构35由柱351、撑杆352和梁353等构成，相邻两柱351(也称每跨)之间均通过撑杆352固定连接，改善梁柱节点的受力状态。柱351、撑杆352和梁353与平台底架31一起构成横撑框架结构，进一步地增加工作平台3的整体强度和刚度。
实施例三：
参见图7，本实施例中，工作平台3承载体系的竖向强化结构35包括系杆354和拱圈355等，具体地，拱圈355两端固定连接在平台底架31上，拱圈355与平台底架31之间固定连接有系杆354，系杆354为多根，沿着平台底架31长度方向排布。系杆354、拱圈355与平台底架31一起构成自应力拱系结构，用于保证整个工作平台3的强度及刚度，采用这种自应力拱式的承载体系，能提升承载性能，减少工作平台3因负重变形。
实施例四：
参见图8，本实施例中，工作平台3承载体系的竖向强化结构35包括索塔356和拉索357等，具体地，索塔356固定在平台底架31上且靠近平台底架31中部位置处，拉索357具有多条，并且拉索357上端固接在索塔356顶部、下端固接在平台底架31的不同位置处。索塔356和拉索357与平台底架31一起构成斜拉结构，用于保证整个工作平台3的强度及刚度， 采用这种斜拉结构式的承载体系，能提升承载性能，减少工作平台3因负重变形。
实施例五：
参见图9，本实施例中，工作平台3承载体系的竖向强化结构35包括腹杆358和上弦杆359等，具体地，腹杆358根据需要设置多根，包括竖向和倾斜设置的，腹杆358下端固定在平台底架31上，上弦杆359横向地固定在腹杆358上。腹杆358和上弦杆359与平台底架31一起构成桁架结构，用于保证整个工作平台3的强度及刚度，能提升承载性能，减少工作平台3因负重变形。
实施例六：
参见图10，本实施例与实施例一基本类似，不同在于，在本实施例中，工作平台3的平台底架31沿长度方向的一侧伸出于单桩基础1较长距离，另一侧只略伸出于单桩基础1，也即工作平台3单侧伸出。本实施例可用于对平台面积要求不大的情况，减少工作平台3结构，减轻平台自身重量，但对施工设备5及料仓4的布置有更高技术要求。
本发明的旋转施工平台，利用单桩基础1顶部作为支撑基础的条件在于：随着海上单桩直径的增大，桩顶面积增大，具有足够的刚度，单桩承载能力增强，可以稳固可靠地支撑好旋转平台。通过本旋转施工平台，可以有效完成单桩基础1周围的施工，如桩周地基加固(如换填法、高压旋喷法、水泥搅拌法)。能够替代原先需要使用海上施工作业船舶或常规的临时多桩平台的方式，减弱潮位波浪水流等海洋环境不利影响、提高施工的连续性，节省船舶时间及费用，避免施工空间较小时船机受波浪晃动而碰到单桩基础1，提高施工定位精度，保证施工质量。旋转施工平台在实现同样施工范围的条件下减小了平台的尺寸，为施工带来便利，具有实际工程意义。
本发明的旋转施工平台，也可以用于桩周防冲刷设施施工(沙被布置、桩周抛石、桩周抛人工块体、固化土防冲刷层)、附属构件安装、防腐蚀涂层修复等施工，也可用作临时勘测、观测、检测平台。旋转施工平台除了应用在海上单柱基础上，基于相同或相似的原理，也可以应用在湖泊、江河等水域中的单柱基础上，作为水上施工平台。
综上所述，本发明有效克服了现有技术中的种种缺点而具有高度产业利用价值。
上述实施例仅例示性说明本发明的原理及其功效，而非用于限制本发明。任何熟悉此技术的人士皆可在不违背本发明的精神及范畴下，对上述实施例进行修饰或改变。因此，举凡所属技术领域中具有通常知识者在未脱离本发明所揭示的精神与技术思想下所完成的一切等效修饰或改变，仍应由本发明的权利要求所涵盖。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种基于单桩基础的旋转施工平台，其特征在于：包括设置在单桩基础(1)顶部的回转连接机构(2)、以及设置在回转连接机构(2)上的工作平台(3)，所述回转连接机构(2)包括上连接筒(22)、下连接筒(21)、以及位于上连接筒(22)和下连接筒(21)之间的回转支承结构(23)，所述工作平台(3)固定连接在上连接筒(22)上，所述下连接筒(21)可拆装式地固定在单桩基础(1)顶部，所述工作平台(3)至少一侧伸出于单桩基础(1)侧边。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的旋转施工平台，其特征在于：所述回转连接机构(2)还包括固定连接在上连接筒(22)的牛腿(24)，所述工作平台(3)固定连接在牛腿(24)上。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的旋转施工平台，其特征在于：所述牛腿(24)与上连接筒(22)之间还固定连接有横撑(25)。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的旋转施工平台，其特征在于：所述工作平台(3)的承重体系包括平台底架(31)，所述平台底架(31)固定连接有短柱(32)，所述短柱(32)固定连接在回转连接机构(2)的牛腿(24)上。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的旋转施工平台，其特征在于：所述平台底架(31)呈长方形，且沿长度方向的一侧或者两侧都伸出于单桩基础(1)，所述平台底架(31)包括沿长度方向布置的主梁(312)、沿宽度方向布置的次梁(313)、以及安装在主梁(312)和次梁(313)上的面板或格栅(314)，所述短柱(32)与主梁(312)固定连接。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的旋转施工平台，其特征在于：所述工作平台(3)的承重体系还包括与平台底架(31)固定连接的竖向强化结构(35)。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的旋转施工平台，其特征在于：所述平台底架(31)和竖向强化结构(35)构成的承重体系为框架结构、桁架结构、自应力拱系结构或者斜拉结构。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的旋转施工平台，其特征在于：所述回转连接机构(2)还包括控制回转支承结构(23)转动的回转控制系统。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的旋转施工平台，其特征在于：所述工作平台(3)的侧边处还设有靠泊登乘结构(6)。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的旋转施工平台，其特征在于：所述工作平台(3)包括设置在平台底架(31)上的护栏(33)及护轮槛(34)。
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