WO2022227322A1 - 一种单驱动的割胶机 - Google Patents
一种单驱动的割胶机 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022227322A1 WO2022227322A1 PCT/CN2021/109870 CN2021109870W WO2022227322A1 WO 2022227322 A1 WO2022227322 A1 WO 2022227322A1 CN 2021109870 W CN2021109870 W CN 2021109870W WO 2022227322 A1 WO2022227322 A1 WO 2022227322A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- rubber tapping
- knife
- driving device
- frame
- tapping machine
- Prior art date
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- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/10—Tapping of tree-juices, e.g. caoutchouc, gum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/10—Tapping of tree-juices, e.g. caoutchouc, gum
- A01G23/12—Knives or axes for tapping
Definitions
- the invention relates to the technical field of rubber tapping machines, in particular to a single-drive rubber tapping machine.
- the first motor is used to control the rubber tapping knife to move in a spiral shape
- the second motor is used to control the rubber tapping knife to change movement, and neither of the above two motors can control the rubber tapping.
- the extension of the knife if you want to control the extension of the tapping knife, you need to set a third motor. In the wet woodland environment, the motor is easy to be damaged, and according to its kinematic chain, if one motor is damaged, the continuous rubber tapping motion cannot be completed. Too many motors as the driving device not only increases the failure rate of the machine, but also increases the difficulty of maintenance.
- the present invention is to provide a single-drive rubber tapping machine, which realizes the helical movement of the rubber tapping knife, line wrapping and expansion and contraction through a single driving device, thereby reducing cost and failure rate and facilitating maintenance.
- a single-drive rubber tapping machine includes a spiral track, a cutting knife, a first traveling mechanism and a second traveling mechanism, the helical track is arranged parallel to the rubber tapping line, and the first traveling mechanism is provided with a frame for installing the cutting knife, so the The first traveling mechanism moves along the helical track under the drive of the driving device, and one end of the helical track is provided with a second traveling mechanism that can move down along the rubber tree trunk, and the driving device drives the cutting through an intermittent transmission mechanism.
- the knife extends and retracts a preset distance toward the direction of the rubber tree, and when the cutting knife extends, the second traveling mechanism is driven by a transmission pair.
- the first traveling mechanism is a traveling wheel
- the driving device is a motor
- the driving device and the traveling wheel are mounted on a frame
- the frame is slidably connected to the spiral track
- the traveling wheel is connected to the spiral track. fit, and the driving device drives the traveling wheel to rotate.
- the intermittent transmission mechanism includes a worm, a worm bar and a first elastic member
- the driving device drives the worm to rotate
- the worm bar is connected to the cutting knife
- the cutting knife is connected to the frame.
- two ends of the first elastic member are respectively connected with the cutting blade and the frame, and the first elastic member drives the cutting blade to move in the direction of engaging the worm bar with the worm.
- the second traveling mechanism includes a screw rod, a nut and a first gear
- the screw rod is arranged along the rubber tree trunk
- the nut is rotatably connected to one end of the helical track
- the nut is threadedly matched with the screw rod
- the nut is provided with a first gear
- the transmission pair drives the first gear to rotate.
- the transmission pair is a rack, and the rack is fixedly connected with the cutting knife.
- the fastener is fixed on the rubber tree, the screw rod and the polished rod are respectively connected to two ends of the fastener, and the spiral track is slidably connected with the polished rod.
- the traveling wheel is a second gear
- the helical track is provided with a plurality of protruding teeth
- the second gear meshes with the protruding teeth
- the driving device drives the traveling wheel to rotate through the clutch, and the cutting knife is provided with a dial, and the dial moves the dial of the clutch when the cutting blade extends and retracts to a preset distance.
- the fork keeps the clutch closed.
- the clutch includes a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear, a shift fork and a third elastic member
- the driving device drives the first bevel gear
- the traveling wheel is connected with a rotating shaft
- the rotating shaft is slidably connected
- the second bevel gear is provided with a slot
- the middle part of the shift fork is rotatably connected to the frame
- one end of the shift fork is inserted into the slot
- the other end is along the groove Sliding
- the third elastic member is provided on the frame for pushing the shifting fork to press on the groove.
- the cutting knife includes a knife rest, a knife head and a second elastic member, the knife rest is slidably connected to the frame, the knife head is slidably connected to the knife rest, and one end of the second elastic member is connected to the The cutter head is connected to the cutter holder at the other end.
- the beneficial effect of the invention is that the spiral track is arranged parallel to the rubber tapping line, and the first traveling mechanism moves in the driving direction of the driving device, thereby driving the frame to reciprocate along the spiral track.
- the cutting knife is installed on the frame, so as to drive the rubber tapping knife to make a helical motion.
- the second traveling mechanism is installed on the rubber tree and can move down along the tree trunk, and drives the spiral track to move along the tree trunk when the second traveling mechanism moves.
- the driving device rotates forward, the driving device drives the rubber tapping knife to extend a preset distance toward the rubber tree through the intermittent transmission mechanism.
- the driving device drives the cutting knife to retract a preset distance in the direction away from the rubber tree through the intermittent transmission mechanism, so that the rubber tapping knife is separated from the rubber tree.
- the second traveling mechanism is driven by the transmission pair, so as to realize the driving of the spiral track to move down along the tree trunk, so as to realize the line change of the cutting track.
- the helical movement of the rubber tapping knife, as well as line wrapping and telescoping are realized through a single drive device, which reduces costs and failure rates and facilitates maintenance.
- Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of single-drive rubber tapping machine of the present invention
- Fig. 2 is the structural representation of a kind of single-drive rubber tapping machine of the present invention
- Fig. 3 is the sectional structure schematic diagram of a kind of single-drive rubber tapping machine of the present invention.
- a single-drive rubber tapping machine includes a spiral track 1, a cutting knife 2, a first traveling mechanism 3 and a second traveling mechanism, the spiral track 1 is arranged parallel to the tapping line, and the first traveling mechanism 3.
- a frame 4 for installing the cutting knife 2 is provided, and the first traveling mechanism 3 moves along the spiral track 1 under the drive of the driving device 5.
- the second walking mechanism, the driving device 5 drives the cutting knife 2 to extend and retract a preset distance in the direction of the rubber tree through the intermittent transmission mechanism 6, and the cutting knife 2 drives the second traveling mechanism through the transmission pair 7 when extending. walking mechanism.
- the spiral track 1 is arranged parallel to the rubber tapping line, and a first walking mechanism 3 is arranged on the spiral track 1 .
- the cutting knife 2 is installed on the frame 4, so as to drive the rubber tapping knife to make a helical motion.
- the driving device 5 rotates forward, it drives the tapping knife to move from the first end of the spiral track 1 to the second end, and when the driving device 5 reverses, it drives the tapping knife to move from the second end of the spiral track 1 to the first end.
- a second traveling mechanism is provided at the first end of the spiral track 1, the second traveling mechanism is installed on the rubber tree and can move down along the tree trunk, and drives the spiral track 1 to move along the tree trunk when the second traveling mechanism moves.
- the driving device 5 rotates forward, the driving device 5 drives the rubber tapping knife to extend a preset distance toward the rubber tree through the intermittent transmission mechanism 6 .
- the driving device 5 drives the cutting knife 2 to retract a preset distance away from the rubber tree through the intermittent transmission mechanism, so that the rubber tapping knife is separated from the rubber tree.
- the second traveling mechanism is driven by the transmission pair 7, so as to realize the driving of the spiral track 1 to move down along the tree trunk, so as to realize the line change of the cutting track.
- the working principle of the present invention in the initial state, the cutting knife 2 is aligned with the glue line on the rubber tree, the cutting knife 2 is retracted to be separated from the rubber tree, the frame 4 is located at the first end of the spiral track 1, the transmission pair 7 at this time and the second The walking mechanism cooperates.
- the driving device 5 rotates forward, drives the first traveling mechanism 3 to move to the second end along the spiral track 1, and drives the cutting blade 2 to extend at the same time, so that the cutting blade 2 contacts the bark of the rubber tree, and when the cutting blade 2 extends to the After the preset distance, the gap transmission mechanism makes the drive device 5 stop driving the rubber tapping knife to extend.
- the first traveling mechanism 3 moves a very small distance.
- the transmission pair 7 cooperates with the second traveling mechanism. At this time, the transmission pair 7 drives the second traveling mechanism, so that the second traveling mechanism drives the spiral track 1 to move down the tree trunk to realize the line change of the tapping line. Then, the driving device 5 continues to rotate in the forward direction to drive the cutting blade 2 to move along the helical line. Since the cutting blade 2 has been extended at this time, the rubber tree can be tapped during the moving process. When the cutting knife 2 moves to the second end of the spiral track 1, the rubber tapping is completed, and then the driving device 5 reversely drives the first transmission mechanism, and the first transmission mechanism moves along the spiral track 1 from the second end to the first end.
- the cutting knife 2 When the device 5 is reversed, the cutting knife 2 is driven to retract by the gap transmission mechanism. Since the transmission pair 7 is located at the second end of the spiral track 1 during the retraction process of the cutting knife 2, the transmission pair 7 is separated from the second traveling mechanism, so cutting During the retracting process of the knife 2, the second traveling mechanism will not be driven to move upward. When the cutting blade 2 is retracted, the frame 4 returns along the path of the last rubber tapping, thereby entering the initial state of the second rubber tapping.
- the period of the gap transmission mechanism of the present invention is greater than or equal to the period of the first traveling mechanism 3 moving along the helical track 1 .
- the gap transmission mechanism of the present invention may adopt an incomplete gear, a worm 9 and a worm bar 10, a rack and pinion, a ratchet motion, and the like.
- One or two gap transmission mechanisms may be provided, for example, the driving device 5 drives the cutting blade 2 to extend through the first clearance transmission mechanism, and drives the cutting blade 2 to retract through the second clearance transmission mechanism.
- the first traveling mechanism 3 is a traveling wheel 8
- the driving device 5 is a motor
- the driving device 5 and the traveling wheel 8 are mounted on the frame 4, and the frame 4 is slidably connected with the spiral track 1, so
- the traveling wheel 8 is attached to the spiral track 1
- the driving device 5 drives the traveling wheel 8 to rotate.
- the traveling wheel 8 is driven to rotate
- the traveling wheel 8 is attached to the spiral track 1 . Therefore, when the traveling wheel 8 rotates, the frame 4 and the cutting knife 2 mounted on the frame 4 are driven to move along the spiral track 1 .
- the spiral motion of the cutting knife 2 is realized, and the traveling wheel 8 is driven by the motor, which has a simple structure and is easy to maintain.
- the intermittent transmission mechanism 6 includes a worm 9, a worm bar 10 and a first elastic member 11, the driving device 5 drives the worm 9 to rotate, and the worm bar 10 is connected to the cutting knife 2,
- the cutting knife 2 is slidably connected with the frame 4, the two ends of the first elastic member 11 are respectively connected to the cutting knife 2 and the frame 4, and the first elastic member 11 drives the cutting knife 2 to make the scroll.
- the busbar 10 moves in the direction in which the worm 9 is engaged.
- the motor is rotating forward, the worm 9 is driven to rotate, and the worm 9 is engaged with the worm mother bar 10, thereby driving the worm 9 to move in the direction of the rubber tree, and the worm 9 drives the cutting knife 2 to extend toward the direction of the rubber tree.
- the worm 9 cannot continue to drive the worm bar 10 to move.
- the cutting knife 2 stretches out to a preset distance. After the preset distance is reached, the cutting knife 2 will no longer be rotated when the motor continues to rotate. Extend, and under the action of the worm 9, the cutting blade 2 will not be retracted under the action of external force. Under the action of the spring, the worm bar 10 is still attached to the worm 9 after it is disengaged.
- the motor reverses the worm 9 quickly engages with the worm bar 10 again, thereby driving the worm 9 to move away from the rubber tree, and the worm 9 drives the cutting knife 2 to retract away from the rubber tree.
- the second walking mechanism includes a screw 12, a nut 13 and a first gear 14, the screw 12 is arranged along the rubber tree trunk, the nut 13 is rotatably connected to one end of the screw track 1, and the nut 13 In cooperation with the screw 12, the nut 13 is provided with a first gear 14, and the transmission pair 7 drives the first gear 14 to rotate.
- the screw 12 can be fixed relative to the rubber tree rod, and a nut 13 is provided on the screw 12.
- the nut 13 is rotatably connected with the screw track 1. When the nut 13 rotates, the action of the thread will move along the screw 12, so as to realize the second traveling mechanism along the rubber.
- the trunk moves.
- the nut 13 is provided with a first gear 14, which drives the first gear 14 to rotate through the transmission pair 7 when the cutting blade 2 moves, so as to drive the movement of the second traveling mechanism.
- the transmission pair 7 is a rack, and the rack is fixedly connected with the cutting knife 2 .
- the structure is simple, and it is convenient to drive the second traveling mechanism to move.
- the gear on the nut 13 is directly driven to rotate.
- the transmission pair 7 cooperates with the second traveling mechanism, and as the frame 4 moves, the transmission pair 7 is disengaged from the second traveling mechanism.
- the fastener 15 is fixed on the rubber tree, the screw 12 and the polished rod 16 are respectively connected to both ends of the fastener 15, the helical track 1 is connected to the The polished rod 16 is slidably connected.
- the fasteners 15 can use a hoop, a locking clip, etc., and the two fasteners 15 can be fixed on the rubber tree.
- the screw 12 and the polished rod 16 are respectively connected to the two ends of the fastener 15 , and the spiral track 1 is slidably connected with the polished rod 16 , which improves the firmness of the screw track 1 and facilitates the arrangement of the screw 12 .
- the fasteners 15 can use a hoop, a locking clip, etc., and the two fasteners 15 can be fixed on the rubber tree.
- the screw 12 and the polished rod 16 are respectively connected to both ends of the fastener 15,
- the traveling wheel 8 is a second gear
- the helical track 1 is provided with a plurality of protruding teeth 17
- the second gear meshes with the protruding teeth 17 .
- the cooperation of the second gear with the convex teeth 17 can avoid slippage during the walking process, and the driving of the first moving mechanism is more stable.
- the driving device 5 drives the traveling wheel 8 to rotate through the clutch 18
- the cutting blade 2 is provided with a shifting block 19
- the shifting block 19 extends and retracts to a preset distance with the cutting blade 2 .
- the fork 20 of the clutch 18 is toggled to close the clutch 18 .
- the driving device 5 cannot drive the traveling wheel 8 to rotate.
- the driving device 5 can drive the traveling wheel 8 to rotate.
- a dial block 19 is provided on the cutting knife 2. When the cutting knife 2 is extended, the dial block 19 is driven to extend, and when the cutting knife 2 is retracted, the dial block 19 is driven to retract.
- the dial block 19 When the dial block 19 is extended or retracted When the preset position is reached, the fork 20 is pushed so that the clutch 18 is closed. Before the cutting knife 2 reaches the preset position, the cutting knife 2 does not move along the spiral track 1, so that the movement of the cutting knife 2 can achieve effective cutting, and at the same time, the driving stroke of the driving transmission pair 7 to the second traveling mechanism is improved. . After the rubber tapping is completed, the clutch 18 is closed only after the rubber tapping knife is retracted by a preset distance, so that the cutting knife 2 does not contact the rubber tree when it is reset. After the rubber is tapped, the glue flows out, and the cutting blade 2 does not contact the rubber tree when it is reset to ensure the stable flow of the glue and avoid the cutting blade 2 from being stained with glue.
- the clutch 18 includes a first bevel gear 21 , a second bevel gear 22 , a shift fork 20 and a third elastic member 23
- the driving device 5 drives the first bevel gear 21
- the traveling wheel 8 is connected to the
- the rotating shaft is connected with the second bevel gear 22 in sliding connection
- the second bevel gear 22 is provided with a slot 24
- the middle of the fork 20 is rotatably connected with the frame 4
- one end of the fork 20 is connected Inserted into the slot 24 , the other end slides along the groove 25
- the third elastic member 23 is provided on the frame 4 to push the shift fork 20 to press on the groove 25 .
- a groove 25 is formed in the middle of the paddle, the fork 20 slides along the groove 25, and the spring presses the fork 20 toward the groove 25.
- the middle part of the fork 20 is rotatably connected with the frame 4 to form a lever effect.
- the shift fork 20 drives the second bevel gear 22 to move downward and the first gear 14 Engagement, at this time, the driving device 5 can drive the traveling wheel 8 to rotate through the clutch 18.
- the groove 25 is trapezoidal, which is convenient for the fork 20 to slide out of the groove 25 .
- the cutting knife 2 includes a knife rest 26, a knife head 27 and a second elastic member 28, the knife rest 26 is slidably connected with the frame 4, the knife head 27 is slidably connected with the knife rest 26, the One end of the second elastic member 28 is connected to the cutter head 27 , and the other end is connected to the cutter holder 26 .
- the cutting knife 2 extends to the preset distance, and the knife head 27 is connected with the knife rest 26 through the second elastic member 28, so that the knife head 27 can be extended and retracted to compensate for the uneven surface of the trunk. situation, making the tapping more stable.
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Abstract
一种单驱动的割胶机，包括螺旋轨道（1）、切割刀（2）、第一行走机构（3）和第二行走机构，螺旋轨道（1）平行割胶线布置，第一行走机构（3）设有用于安装切割刀（2）的框架（4），第一行走机构（3）在驱动装置（5）的驱动下沿着螺旋轨道（1）移动，螺旋轨道（1）的一端设有能够沿橡胶树干向下移动的第二行走机构，驱动装置（5）通过间歇传动机构（6）带动切割刀（2）朝橡胶树方向伸出和缩回预设距离，切割刀（2）伸出时通过传动副（7）驱动第二行走机构。
Description
本发明涉及割胶机技术领域，特别涉及一种单驱动的割胶机。
随着社会的发展，逐渐采用割胶设备代替人工进行割胶，割胶设备需要驱动割胶刀沿着树干做螺旋形的移动轨迹，将割胶刀伸出后沿着螺旋形的移动进行割胶，割胶后将割胶刀收起并沿着原先的螺旋线移动复位，复位后沿着树干向下移动一行，以便于下一次割胶时再次切割刀橡胶树的树皮。由于割胶刀不仅需要进行螺旋形的移动，还要进行换行和伸缩的移动，因此现有技术通常需要多个电机来分别驱动割胶机进行上述的运动。例如中国发明专利申请CN106718653A公开了一种割胶机，在控制割胶刀做螺旋形的移动时采用第一个电机，控制割胶刀换行使又使用第二电机，并且上述两个电机都没有能够控制割胶刀的伸缩，如果再控制割胶刀伸缩需要设置第三个电机。在潮湿的林地环境下，电机容易损坏，且根据其运动链，损坏一个电机就无法完成连续割胶运动，过多电机作为驱动装置不仅增加了机器的故障率，也增加了检修难度。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术，本发明在于提供一种单驱动的割胶机，通过单个驱动装置实现割胶刀的螺旋移动，以及换行和伸缩，降低成本和故障率，便于检修。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：
一种单驱动的割胶机，包括螺旋轨道、切割刀、第一行走机构和第二行走机构，所述螺旋轨道平行割胶线布置，所述第一行走机构设有用于安装切割刀的框架，所述第一行走机构在驱动装置的驱动下沿着螺旋轨道移动，所述螺旋轨道的一端设有能够沿橡胶树干向下移动的第二行走机构，所述驱动装置通过间歇传动机构带动所述切割刀朝橡胶树方向伸出和缩回预设距离，所述切割刀伸出时通过传动副驱动所述第二行走机构。
进一步的，所述第一行走机构为行走轮，所述驱动装置为电机，所述驱动装置和行走轮安装在框架上，所述框架与螺旋轨道滑动连接，所述行走轮与所述螺旋轨道贴合，所述驱动装置驱动所述行走轮转动。
进一步的，所述间歇传动机构包括蜗杆、蜗母条和第一弹性件，所述驱动装置驱动所述蜗杆转动，所述蜗母条与所述切割刀连接，所述切割刀与所述框架滑动连接，所述第一弹性件的两端分别连接所述切割刀和框架，所述第一弹性件驱动所述切割刀向使蜗母条与蜗杆啮合的方向移动。
进一步的，所述第二行走机构包括螺杆、螺母和第一齿轮，所述螺杆沿着橡胶树干设置，所述螺母转动连接在所述螺旋轨道的一端，所述螺母与所述螺杆螺纹配合，所述螺母设有第一齿轮，所述传动副驱动所述第一齿轮转动。
进一步的，所述传动副为齿条，所述齿条与切割刀固定连接。
进一步的，还包括紧固件和光杆，所述紧固件固定在橡胶树上，所述螺杆和光杆分别连接在所述紧固件的两端，所述螺旋轨道与所述光杆滑动连接。
进一步的，所述行走轮为第二齿轮，所述螺旋轨道设有若干凸齿，所述第二齿轮与所述凸齿啮合。
进一步的，所述驱动装置通过离合器带动所述行走轮转动，所述切割刀设 有拨块，所述拨块随着切割刀伸出和缩回到预设距离时拨动所述离合器的拨叉使离合器闭合。
进一步的，所述离合器包括第一锥齿轮、第二锥齿轮、拨叉和第三弹性件，所述驱动装置驱动所述第一锥齿轮，所述行走轮与转轴连接，所述转轴滑动连接有所述第二锥齿轮，所述第二锥齿轮设有插槽，所述拨叉中部与所述框架转动连接，所述拨叉一端插入所述插槽，另一端沿着所述凹槽滑动，所述第三弹性件设于所述框架用于推动所述拨叉压在所述凹槽上。
进一步的，所述切割刀包括刀架、刀头和第二弹性件，所述刀架与所述框架滑动连接，所述刀头与刀架滑动连接，所述第二弹性件一端连接所述刀头，另一端连接所述刀架。
本发明的有益效果在于：螺旋轨道平行割胶线布置，第一行走机构在驱动装置的驱动向运动，从而带动框架沿着螺旋轨道往复移动。切割刀安装在框架上，从而带动割胶刀做螺旋线运动。第二行走机构安装在橡胶树上并能够沿着树干向下移动，在第二行走机构移动时带动螺旋轨道沿着树干移动。在驱动装置正转时，驱动装置通过间歇传动机构带动割胶刀朝橡胶树方向伸出预设距离。在驱动装置反转时，驱动装置通过间歇传动机构带动切割刀向远离橡胶树方向缩回预设距离，使割胶刀与橡胶树分离。在切割刀伸出时通过传动副驱动第二行走机构，从而实现驱动螺旋轨道沿着树干向下移动，从而实现切割轨道的换行。通过单个驱动装置实现割胶刀的螺旋移动，以及换行和伸缩，降低成本和故障率，便于检修。
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的优选实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明一种单驱动的割胶机的结构示意图；
图2为本发明一种单驱动的割胶机的结构示意图；
图3为本发明一种单驱动的割胶机的剖面结构示意图；
图中，1螺旋轨道，2切割刀，3第一行走机构，4框架，5驱动装置，6间歇传动机构，7传动副，8行走轮，9蜗杆，10蜗母条，11第一弹性件，12螺杆，13螺母，14第一齿轮，15紧固件，16光杆，17凸齿，18离合器，19拨块，20拨叉，21第一锥齿轮，22第二锥齿轮，23第三弹性件，24插槽，25凹槽，26刀架，27刀头，28第二弹性件。
为了更好理解本发明技术内容，下面提供具体实施例，并结合附图对本发明做进一步的说明。
参见图1～3，一种单驱动的割胶机，包括螺旋轨道1、切割刀2、第一行走机构3和第二行走机构，所述螺旋轨道1平行割胶线布置，所述第一行走机构3设有用于安装切割刀2的框架4，所述第一行走机构3在驱动装置5的驱动下沿着螺旋轨道1移动，所述螺旋轨道1的一端设有能够沿橡胶树干向下移动的第二行走机构，所述驱动装置5通过间歇传动机构6带动所述切割刀2朝橡胶树方向伸出和缩回预设距离，所述切割刀2伸出时通过传动副7驱动所述第二行走机构。
螺旋轨道1平行割胶线布置，在螺旋轨道1上设置有第一行走机构3，第一行走机构3在驱动装置5的驱动向运动，从而带动框架4沿着螺旋轨道1往复移动。切割刀2安装在框架4上，从而带动割胶刀做螺旋线运动。驱动装置5正转时带动割胶刀从螺旋轨道1的第一端移动至第二端，驱动装置5反转时带动割胶刀从螺旋轨道1的第二端移动至第一端。
在螺旋轨道1的第一端设置有第二行走机构，第二行走机构安装在橡胶树上并能够沿着树干向下移动，在第二行走机构移动时带动螺旋轨道1沿着树干移动。在驱动装置5正转时，驱动装置5通过间歇传动机构6带动割胶刀朝橡胶树方向伸出预设距离。在驱动装置5反转时，驱动装置5通过间歇传动机构带动切割刀2向远离橡胶树方向缩回预设距离，使割胶刀与橡胶树分离。在切割刀2伸出时通过传动副7驱动第二行走机构，从而实现驱动螺旋轨道1沿着树干向下移动，从而实现切割轨道的换行。
本发明的工作原理：初始状态下，切割刀2对齐橡胶树上的胶线，切割刀2缩回从而与橡胶树分离，框架4位于螺旋轨道1的第一端，此时的传动副7与第二行走机构配合。此时驱动装置5正转，驱动第一行走机构3沿着螺旋轨道1向第二端移动，同时驱动切割刀2伸出，使得切割刀2接触橡胶树的树皮，在切割刀2伸出到预设距离后，间隙传动机构使得驱动装置5停止驱动割胶刀伸出，在切割刀2伸出的过程中第一行走机构3移动的距离很小，在切割刀2伸出的行程中，至少有一部分行程内传动副7与第二行走机构配合，此时的传动副7驱动第二行走机构，使得第二行走机构带动螺旋轨道1沿着树干向下移动，实现割胶线的换行。接着驱动装置5继续正转带动切割刀2沿着螺旋线运动，由于此时的切割刀2已经伸出，因此在移动的过程中可以对橡胶树进行割胶。在切割刀2移动至螺旋轨道1的第二端时割胶结束，接着驱动装置5反转驱动 第一传动机构，第一传动机构沿着螺旋轨道1从第二端向第一端移动，在驱动装置5反转时通过间隙传动机构带动切割刀2缩回，由于切割刀2在缩回的过程中传动副7位于螺旋轨道1的第二端，传动副7与第二行走机构脱离，因此切割刀2缩回的过程中不会驱动第二行走机构向上移动。使得切割刀2缩回的状态下，框架4沿着上次割胶的路径返回，从而进入第二次割胶的初始状态。
本发明的间隙传动机构周期大于或等于第一行走机构3沿着螺旋轨道1移动的周期。本发明的间隙传动机构可以采用不完全齿轮、蜗杆9蜗母条10、齿轮齿条、棘轮运动等。间隙传动机构可以设置一个或者两个，例如驱动装置5通过第一间隙传动机构驱动切割刀2伸出，通过第二间隙传动机构驱动切割刀2缩回。
具体的，所述第一行走机构3为行走轮8，所述驱动装置5为电机，所述驱动装置5和行走轮8安装在框架4上，所述框架4与螺旋轨道1滑动连接，所述行走轮8与所述螺旋轨道1贴合，所述驱动装置5驱动所述行走轮8转动。电机转动时带动行走轮8转动，行走轮8与螺旋轨道1贴合，因此在行走轮8转动时带动框架4以及安装在框架4上的切割刀2沿着螺旋轨道1移动。实现切割刀2的螺旋运动，通过电机来驱动行走轮8结构简单，便于维护。
具体的，所述间歇传动机构6包括蜗杆9、蜗母条10和第一弹性件11，所述驱动装置5驱动所述蜗杆9转动，所述蜗母条10与所述切割刀2连接，所述切割刀2与所述框架4滑动连接，所述第一弹性件11的两端分别连接所述切割刀2和框架4，所述第一弹性件11驱动所述切割刀2向使蜗母条10与蜗杆9啮合的方向移动。电机正转时驱动蜗杆9转动，蜗杆9与蜗母条10啮合，从而驱动蜗杆9向橡胶树的方向移动，蜗杆9带动切割刀2向靠近橡胶树的方向伸出。在蜗母条10脱离蜗杆9后，蜗杆9不能继续驱动蜗母条10移动，此时的切割 刀2伸出达到预设距离，在达到预设距离后电机继续转动时切割刀2不会再伸出，并且在蜗杆9的作用下，切割刀2不会在受到外力的作用下缩回。在弹簧的作用下，蜗母条10脱离后仍然与蜗杆9贴合。在电机反转时，蜗杆9快速的再次与蜗母条10啮合，从而驱动蜗杆9向远离橡胶树的方向移动，蜗杆9带动切割刀2向远离橡胶树的方向缩回。
具体的，所述第二行走机构包括螺杆12、螺母13和第一齿轮14，所述螺杆12沿着橡胶树干设置，所述螺母13转动连接在所述螺旋轨道1的一端，所述螺母13与所述螺杆12螺纹配合，所述螺母13设有第一齿轮14，所述传动副7驱动所述第一齿轮14转动。螺杆12可以相对橡胶树杆固定，在螺杆12上设置有螺母13，螺母13与螺旋轨道1转动连接，螺母13转动时在螺纹的作用会沿着螺杆12移动，从而实现第二行走机构沿着橡胶树干移动。螺母13设置有第一齿轮14，在切割刀2移动时通过传动副7带动第一齿轮14转动，从而实现驱动第二行走机构的移动。
具体的，所述传动副7为齿条，所述齿条与切割刀2固定连接。结构简单，便于驱动第二行走机构移动。在齿条移动时直接驱动螺母13上的齿轮转动。所述框架4位于所述螺旋轨道1的第一端时所述传动副7与第二行走机构配合，随着所述框架4的移动所述传动副7与第二行走机构脱离。
优选的，还包括紧固件15和光杆16，所述紧固件15固定在橡胶树上，所述螺杆12和光杆16分别连接在所述紧固件15的两端，所述螺旋轨道1与所述光杆16滑动连接。紧固件15可以采用抱箍、锁紧夹等，可以将两个紧固件15固定在橡胶树上。螺杆12和光杆16分别连接在所述紧固件15的两端，螺旋轨道1与所述光杆16滑动连接，提高螺旋轨道1的牢固性，便于螺杆12的设置。 紧固件15可以采用抱箍、锁紧夹等，可以将两个紧固件15固定在橡胶树上。螺杆12和光杆16分别连接在所述紧固件15的两端，
优选的，所述行走轮8为第二齿轮，所述螺旋轨道1设有若干凸齿17，所述第二齿轮与所述凸齿17啮合。第二齿轮与凸齿17配合可以避免在行走的过程发生打滑，第一移动机构的驱动更加稳定。
优选的，所述驱动装置5通过离合器18带动所述行走轮8转动，所述切割刀2设有拨块19，所述拨块19随着切割刀2伸出和缩回到预设距离时拨动所述离合器18的拨叉20使离合器18闭合。在离合器18闭合之前，驱动装置5不能够带动行走轮8转动，当离合器18闭合后驱动装置5才可以带动行走轮8转动。在切割刀2上设置有拨块19，在切割刀2伸出时会带动拨块19伸出，在切割刀2缩回时会带动拨块19缩回，当拨块19伸出或缩回到预设位置时推动拨叉20，使得离合器18闭合。在切割刀2伸出未达到预设位置前，切割刀2不沿着螺旋轨道1移动，使得切割刀2的移动可以达到有效的切割，同时提高驱动传动副7对第二行走机构的驱动行程。在割胶结束后，割胶刀缩回预设距离后离合器18才闭合，使得切割刀2在复位时不与橡胶树接触。在割胶后胶液流出，切割刀2复位时不与橡胶树接触可以确保胶液流动稳定，避免切割刀2沾上胶液。
具体的，所述离合器18包括第一锥齿轮21、第二锥齿轮22、拨叉20和第三弹性件23，所述驱动装置5驱动所述第一锥齿轮21，所述行走轮8与转轴连接，所述转轴滑动连接有所述第二锥齿轮22，所述第二锥齿轮22设有插槽24，所述拨叉20中部与所述框架4转动连接，所述拨叉20一端插入所述插槽24，另一端沿着所述凹槽25滑动，所述第三弹性件23设于所述框架4用于推动所述拨叉20压在所述凹槽25上。在拨片的中部形成凹槽25，拨叉20沿着凹槽 25滑动，弹簧将拨叉20压向凹槽25。拨叉20的中部与框架4转动连接，形成杠杆效应。当拨块19移动的过程中使拨叉20落在滑槽内，此时的拨叉20在弹簧的作用下将第二锥齿轮22向上推动，使得第二锥齿轮22与第一锥齿轮21分离。当拨块19伸出或者缩回预设距离时，拨叉20与凹槽25脱离，压在拨块19的顶部，此时拨叉20带动第二锥齿轮22向下移动与第一齿轮14啮合，此时驱动装置5可以通过离合器18带动行走轮8转动。优选的，凹槽25的两端形成斜向上的倾斜面，凹槽25呈梯形，便于拨叉20从凹槽25滑出。
优选的，所述切割刀2包括刀架26、刀头27和第二弹性件28，所述刀架26与所述框架4滑动连接，所述刀头27与刀架26滑动连接，所述第二弹性件28一端连接所述刀头27，另一端连接所述刀架26。刀架26伸出到预设距离之后，切割刀2即伸出达到预设距离，刀头27通过第二弹性件28与刀架26连接，使得刀头27可以伸缩，补偿树干表面不平齐的情况，使得割胶更加稳定。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
- 一种单驱动的割胶机，包括螺旋轨道、切割刀、第一行走机构和第二行走机构，所述螺旋轨道平行割胶线布置，所述第一行走机构设有用于安装切割刀的框架，所述第一行走机构在驱动装置的驱动下沿着螺旋轨道移动，所述螺旋轨道的一端设有能够沿橡胶树干向下移动的第二行走机构，其特征在于，所述驱动装置通过间歇传动机构带动所述切割刀朝橡胶树方向伸出和缩回预设距离，所述切割刀伸出时通过传动副驱动所述第二行走机构。
- 如权利要求1所述的一种单驱动的割胶机，其特征在于，所述第一行走机构为行走轮，所述驱动装置为电机，所述驱动装置和行走轮安装在框架上，所述框架与螺旋轨道滑动连接，所述行走轮与所述螺旋轨道贴合，所述驱动装置驱动所述行走轮转动。
- 如权利要求1所述的一种单驱动的割胶机，其特征在于，所述间歇传动机构包括蜗杆、蜗母条和第一弹性件，所述驱动装置驱动所述蜗杆转动，所述蜗母条与所述切割刀连接，所述切割刀与所述框架滑动连接，所述第一弹性件的两端分别连接所述切割刀和框架，所述第一弹性件驱动所述切割刀向使蜗母条与蜗杆啮合的方向移动。
- 如权利要求1所述的一种单驱动的割胶机，其特征在于，所述第二行走机构包括螺杆、螺母和第一齿轮，所述螺杆沿着橡胶树干设置，所述螺母转动连接在所述螺旋轨道的一端，所述螺母与所述螺杆螺纹配合，所述螺母设有第一齿轮，所述传动副驱动所述第一齿轮转动。
- 如权利要求1所述的一种单驱动的割胶机，其特征在于，所述传动副为齿条，所述齿条与切割刀固定连接。
- 如权利要求1所述的一种单驱动的割胶机，其特征在于，还包括紧固件和光杆，所述紧固件固定在橡胶树上，所述螺杆和光杆分别连接在所述紧固件的两端，所述螺旋轨道与所述光杆滑动连接。
- 如权利要求2所述的一种单驱动的割胶机，其特征在于，所述行走轮为第二齿轮，所述螺旋轨道设有若干凸齿，所述第二齿轮与所述凸齿啮合。
- 如权利要求2所述的一种单驱动的割胶机，其特征在于，所述驱动装置通过离合器带动所述行走轮转动，所述切割刀设有拨块，所述拨块随着切割刀伸出和缩回到预设距离时拨动所述离合器的拨叉使离合器闭合。
- 如权利要求8所述的一种单驱动的割胶机，其特征在于，所述离合器包括第一锥齿轮、第二锥齿轮、拨叉和第三弹性件，所述驱动装置驱动所述第一锥齿轮，所述行走轮与转轴连接，所述转轴滑动连接有所述第二锥齿轮，所述第二锥齿轮设有插槽，所述拨叉中部与所述框架转动连接，所述拨叉一端插入所述插槽，另一端沿着所述凹槽滑动，所述第三弹性件设于所述框架用于推动所述拨叉压在所述凹槽上。
- 如权利要求1所述的一种单驱动的割胶机，其特征在于，所述切割刀包括刀架、刀头和第二弹性件，所述刀架与所述框架滑动连接，所述刀头与刀架滑动连接，所述第二弹性件一端连接所述刀头，另一端连接所述刀架。
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