WO2022227287A1 - Dnj及其衍生物在制备预防和/或治疗肺动脉高压药物中的应用 - Google Patents

Dnj及其衍生物在制备预防和/或治疗肺动脉高压药物中的应用 Download PDF

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WO2022227287A1
WO2022227287A1 PCT/CN2021/106038 CN2021106038W WO2022227287A1 WO 2022227287 A1 WO2022227287 A1 WO 2022227287A1 CN 2021106038 W CN2021106038 W CN 2021106038W WO 2022227287 A1 WO2022227287 A1 WO 2022227287A1
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group
present
acid
dnj
derivatives
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French (fr)
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李晓晖
邓旭
殷明慧
王森林
李莹
周应军
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中南大学
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/445—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • A61P9/12—Antihypertensives

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of medicine, in particular to the application of DNJ and its derivatives in the preparation of medicines for preventing and/or treating pulmonary arterial hypertension.
  • Pulmonary arterial hypertension known as a cardiovascular tumor, is a disease characterized by persistently elevated pulmonary arterial pressure, eventually leading to right heart hypertrophy, heart failure, and even death.
  • PAH Pulmonary arterial hypertension
  • pulmonary arterial pressure eventually leading to right heart hypertrophy, heart failure, and even death.
  • vascular endothelium is a barrier that maintains the normal structure and function of blood vessels and protects blood vessels from damage by risk factors.
  • Pulmonary artery endothelial injury is the key pathological mechanism of pulmonary arterial hypertension induced vascular lesions, in which excessive apoptosis and migration of pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAECs) can increase endothelial permeability and lead to the destruction of its barrier function. , is the initial link of pulmonary vascular injury.
  • PAECs pulmonary artery endothelial cells
  • Bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2 (BMPR2) is a serine/threonine kinase receptor mainly expressed in pulmonary artery endothelial cells.
  • BMPR2 gene mutation, inflammation, oxidative stress and other pathogenic factors can lead to a significant decrease in BMPR2 expression, resulting in the downregulation of BMPR2 signaling pathway, which is one of the key pathological mechanisms that induce the formation of pulmonary hypertension.
  • the current study found that lysosomal degradation is a key factor leading to the loss of endothelial BMPR2.
  • Lysosomes are organelles in eukaryotic cells, which contain a variety of hydrolytic enzymes, which are used to decompose various exogenous and endogenous macromolecular substances, degrade and recycle cellular waste, cell signaling and energy. important role in metabolism. Lysosomes are closely related to human diseases, and abnormal lysosomes can cause many diseases.
  • DNJ is a natural alkaloid found from mulberry trees.
  • the Chinese name is 1-deoxynojirimycin, and the molecular weight is 163.7.
  • DNJ can significantly delay the degradation process of polysaccharides.
  • Most of the research directions are in the three aspects of lowering blood sugar, anti-virus, and anti-tumor metastasis, and it does not damage the health of liver and kidney, and has no gastrointestinal side effects.
  • two marketed drugs have been developed: Miglut for the treatment of the lysosomal storage disorder Gaucher disease and Miglitol for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
  • lysosomal storage disease Gaucher disease also known as cerebrosidosis
  • cerebrosidosis is an autosomal recessive disease caused by the mutation of the acid ⁇ -glucocerebrosidase gene, although the enzyme activity after the mutation is still partially
  • most enzymes undergo endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation and cannot be transported to lysosomes, resulting in their substrates, glucocerebroside, which cannot be degraded normally, and are stored in lysosomes.
  • DNJ there is no application of DNJ in the drug for preventing and/or treating pulmonary arterial hypertension
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: the application of DNJ and its derivatives in the preparation of medicines for preventing and/or treating pulmonary arterial hypertension.
  • the technical solution provided by the present invention is: the application of DNJ and its derivatives in the preparation of medicines for preventing and/or treating pulmonary hypertension.
  • the DNJ and derivatives thereof include at least one of the compounds represented by the general formula (I) or their pharmacologically acceptable salts:
  • R is selected from a kind of in H, hydrocarbyl and alkoxy
  • R 1 is selected from one of H or hydroxyl.
  • the stereochemical combination of C2, C3, C4, C5 substituents in the general formula (I) is selected from (2R, 3S, 4R, 5R), (2R, 3S, 4R, 5S) ), (2R, 3S, 4S, 5R), (2R, 3R, 4R, 5R), (2R, 3R, 4R, 5S), (2R, 3S, 4S, 5S).
  • DNJ has the function of stabilizing lysosomes, and DNJ upregulates the expression of BMPR2, thereby alleviating the process of pulmonary hypertension.
  • BMPR2 plays an important role in the occurrence and development of PAH, intervening in the process of lysosome degradation of BMPR2 to achieve the treatment of PAH.
  • the hydrocarbyl group is selected from an alkyl group or an aryl group.
  • the alkyl group includes a C 1 -C 12 alkyl group.
  • the alkyl group includes at least one of propyl, n-butyl, n-nonyl, and adamantyl.
  • the alkoxy group includes an alkoxy group containing 3 to 30 atoms.
  • the alkyl group includes at least one of an ethylene glycol group, a dipolyethylene glycol group, and a tripolyethylene glycol group.
  • the aryl group includes an aryl group containing 6 to 30 atoms.
  • the aryl group includes at least one of benzyl, naphthyl, and biphenyl.
  • the DNJ and derivatives thereof include at least one of compounds DL-1 to DL-15 represented by the following formula:
  • the raw material for the preparation of the medicine further includes a pharmaceutical carrier.
  • the pharmaceutical carrier is a conventional pharmaceutical carrier in the pharmaceutical field.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier includes diluents, excipients, fillers, binders, disintegrants, absorption enhancers, surfactants, adsorption carriers, lubricants, sweeteners and flavors at least one of the agents.
  • the excipient includes water.
  • the bulking agent includes at least one of starch and sucrose.
  • the binder includes at least one of cellulose derivatives, alginates, gelatin, and polyvinylpyrrolidone.
  • the humectant comprises glycerin.
  • the disintegrant includes at least one of agar, calcium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate.
  • the absorption enhancer comprises a quaternary ammonium compound.
  • the surfactant comprises cetyl alcohol.
  • the adsorption carrier includes at least one of kaolin and bentonite.
  • the lubricant includes at least one of talc, calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, and polyethylene glycol.
  • the pharmacologically acceptable salts of the present invention include salts formed with inorganic acids, organic acids, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and basic amino acids.
  • the inorganic acid includes at least one of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, and hydrobromic acid.
  • the organic acid includes among maleic acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, citric acid, acetic acid, methanesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, adipic acid, palmitic acid and tannic acid at least one of.
  • the alkali metal includes at least one of lithium, sodium and potassium.
  • the alkaline earth metal includes at least one of calcium and magnesium.
  • the basic amino acid comprises lysine.
  • the dosage form of the drug is various conventional dosage forms in the field, preferably in the form of solid, semi-solid or liquid, can be an aqueous solution, a non-aqueous solution or a suspension, more preferably a tablet preparations, capsules, soft capsules, granules, pills, oral liquids, dry suspensions, dropping pills, dry extracts, injections or infusions.
  • the administration mode of the medicament can be conventional in the art, including but not limited to injection administration or oral administration.
  • the injection administration can be intravenous injection, intramuscular injection, intraperitoneal injection, intradermal injection or subcutaneous injection.
  • the preparation method of above-mentioned DNJ and derivatives thereof comprises the following steps:
  • the compound 3 is added to the aldehyde, the palladium catalyst I, the organic carboxylic acid and the organic solvent IV to react to obtain the compound 4;
  • the compound 4 is added to an ether solvent, and then an inorganic acid is added to react with the palladium catalyst II to obtain DNJ or a DNJ derivative.
  • the reducing agent comprises lithium aluminum hydride.
  • the organic solvent I includes tetrahydrofuran (THF).
  • the molar ratio of the reducing agent to Compound 1 is 1:3-4.
  • the reaction temperature in the step S1 is -5°C to 5°C.
  • the acid halide comprises an acid chloride.
  • the acid chloride retains oxalic acid chloride.
  • the organic solvent II includes at least one of halogenated hydrocarbons and sulfone solvents.
  • the halogenated hydrocarbon comprises dichloromethane (DCM).
  • the sulfone-based solvent includes dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).
  • the organic amine includes at least one of triethanolamine (TEA) and diethanolamine.
  • the molar ratio of the compound 2, the acid halide and the organic amine is 1:1.5-2.5:2.5-3.5.
  • the boron reducing agent comprises NaBH 3 CN.
  • the ammonium salt is at least one of ammonium acetate and ammonium formate.
  • the molar ratio of the ammonium salt and the boron reducing agent is 1:1.9 ⁇ 2.1.
  • the organic solvent III includes an alcoholic solvent I.
  • the alcoholic solvent I includes at least one of methanol, ethanol and propanol.
  • the reaction temperature in the step S21 is -90°C to -70°C.
  • the reaction temperature in the step S22 is 20°C to 25°C.
  • the aldehyde includes at least one of an alkyl aldehyde, an aryl aldehyde, and an alkoxy aldehyde.
  • the molar ratio of the aldehyde and compound 3 is 2:3-4.
  • the palladium catalyst I comprises a palladium-carbon catalyst.
  • the organic carboxylic acid includes at least one of formic acid, acetic acid, and propionic acid.
  • the organic solvent IV includes an alcoholic solvent II.
  • the alcoholic solvent II includes at least one of methanol, ethanol and propanol.
  • the ether solvent includes at least one of methyl ether, diethyl ether and methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE).
  • MTBE methyl tert-butyl ether
  • the inorganic acid includes at least one of sulfuric acid, hydrogen chloride and hydrogen bromide.
  • the molar ratio of the inorganic acid to Compound 4 is 1:5-10.
  • the palladium catalyst II comprises a palladium-carbon catalyst.
  • the present invention also provides another technical solution: a medicine for preventing and/or treating pulmonary arterial hypertension, the active ingredients of the medicine comprise DNJ and its derivatives.
  • the mass content of DNJ and its derivatives in the medicament for preventing and/or treating pulmonary arterial hypertension is 0.1% to 99%.
  • the mass content of DNJ and its derivatives in the medicament for preventing and/or treating pulmonary arterial hypertension is 0.5-95%.
  • the present invention also provides another technical solution: a pulmonary arterial hypertension treatment medicine box, characterized in that: the medicine box includes the above-mentioned medicines.
  • the dosage standard of the drug for preventing and/or treating pulmonary arterial hypertension is: 0.1 mg/day to 1000 mg/day of DNJ and its derivatives.
  • administered dose is an amount capable of ameliorating or delaying the progression of a disease, degenerative or damaging disorder. This may depend on the particular disease being treated, as well as other factors including age, weight, health status, severity of symptoms, route of administration, frequency of treatment and whether other drugs are concomitant during treatment.
  • treating refers to reducing the extent of colorectal cancer and its complications, or curing and normalizing colorectal cancer and its complications, or slowing the progression of colorectal cancer and its complications.
  • the application of the medicament prepared according to the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: DNJ and its derivatives improve pulmonary vascular injury by inhibiting lysosome degradation of BMPR2, and achieve the purpose of treating PAH.
  • the present invention not only provides a new way for the treatment of PAH, but also expands the application scope of DNJ and its derivatives.
  • Fig. 1 is the contrast chart of right ventricular systolic blood pressure of DL-1 group (different concentrations), hypoxia group and control group of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a comparison diagram of the ratio of the mass of the right ventricle to (total mass of the left ventricle and the upper ventricular septum) of the DL-1 group (different concentrations), the hypoxia group and the control group in the embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the pulmonary artery after the HE staining of the DL-1 group (different concentrations), the hypoxia group and the control group in the embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 4 is the cell viability comparison diagram of DL-1 group (different concentrations) and control group in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a comparison diagram of scratch test results after treatment between the DL-1 group and the control group in the embodiment of the present invention (the magnification is 20 times);
  • Fig. 6 is the migration rate comparison diagram of DL-1 group (different concentrations) and control group in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a graph showing the results of gel electrophoresis of different proteins in the DL-1 group (different concentrations) and the control group in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a graph showing the comparison of BMPR2 protein expression levels in the DL-1 group (different concentrations) and the control group in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is the comparison chart of p-Smad1/5/8 protein expression levels in the DL-1 group (different concentrations) and the control group in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a comparison diagram of the ID protein expression levels in the DL-1 group (different concentrations) and the control group in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a graph showing the results of gel electrophoresis of different proteins in the DL-1 group (different concentrations), the hypoxia group and the control group in the embodiment of the present invention (the conditions used are the same);
  • Figure 12 is a graph showing the comparison of BMPR2 protein expression levels in the DL-1 group (different concentrations), the hypoxia group and the control group in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a comparison diagram of p-Smad1/5/8 protein expression levels in the DL-1 group (different concentrations), the hypoxia group and the control group in the embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 14 is a graph showing the comparison of ID protein expression levels in the DL-1 group (different concentrations), the hypoxia group and the control group in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • 15 is a graph showing the results of gel electrophoresis of different proteins in the DL-2 group (different concentrations) and the control group in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 16 is a graph showing the comparison of BMPR2 protein expression levels between the DL-2 group (different concentrations) and the control group in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 17 is a graph showing the comparison of p-Smad1/5/8 protein expression levels in the DL-2 group (different concentrations) and the control group in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 18 is the comparison diagram of the ID protein expression level between the DL-2 group (different concentrations) and the control group in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 19 is a comparison chart of cell viability in the DL-3 group (different concentrations), the tnf group and the control group in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 20 is a comparison chart of cell viability between the DL-3 group (different concentrations) and the control group in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 21 is a comparison chart of cell viability in the DL-4 group (different concentrations), the tnf group and the control group in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 22 is a comparison chart of cell viability between the DL-4 group (different concentrations) and the control group in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 23 is a comparison chart of cell viability in the DL-5 group (different concentrations), the tnf group and the control group in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 24 is a comparison chart of cell viability between the DL-5 group (different concentrations) and the control group in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 1 of the present invention is: the preparation method of DNJ, as shown in the following formula, comprises the following steps:
  • the second embodiment of the present invention is: the preparation of DL-2; the difference from the first embodiment is:
  • DL-2 (4.96 g, 91%).
  • the third embodiment of the present invention is: the preparation of DL-3; the difference with the second embodiment is:
  • step S4 in the reductive amination, CH 3 (CH 2 ) 8 CHO is replaced by BnCHO.
  • DL-3 DL-3 was obtained from 5.0 mmol of compound 3, 1.20 g, 95%).
  • Embodiment 4 of the present invention is: the preparation of DL-4; the difference with embodiment 2 is:
  • step S4 CH 3 (CH 2 ) 8 CHO is replaced by CH 3 (CH 2 ) 2 CHO in the reductive amination.
  • DL-4 DL-4 898.0 mg from 5.0 mmol of compound 3, 82%.
  • the fifth embodiment of the present invention is: the preparation of DL-5; the difference with the second embodiment is:
  • step S4 in the reductive amination, CH 3 (CH 2 ) 8 CHO is replaced by CH 3 CH 2 CHO.
  • DL-5 DL-5 973 mg from 5.0 mmol of compound 3, 96%).
  • Embodiment 6 of the present invention is: the preparation of DL-6; The difference with embodiment 2 is:
  • step S4 in the reductive amination, CH 3 (CH 2 ) 8 CHO is replaced by BnOCH 2 CHO.
  • DL-6 DL-6 765 mg from 5.0 mmol of compound 3, 74%.
  • Embodiment 7 of the present invention is: the preparation of DL-7; the difference with embodiment 2 is:
  • step S4 in the reductive amination, CH 3 (CH 2 ) 8 CHO is replaced by BnOCH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 CHO.
  • DL-7 DL-7 765 mg from 5.0 mmol of compound 3, 56%).
  • the eighth embodiment of the present invention is: the preparation of DL-8; the difference with the second embodiment is:
  • step S4 in the reductive amination, CH 3 (CH 2 ) 8 CHO was replaced by BnO(CH 2 CH 2 O) 2 CH 2 CHO.
  • DL-8 501 mg of DL-8 from 5.0 mmol of compound 3, 34%).
  • Embodiment 9 of the present invention is: the preparation of DL-9, comprises the steps:
  • a 100 mL two-necked round-bottomed flask was dewatered and deoxygenated, and 20 mL of re-distilled acetonitrile was drawn into the round-bottomed flask with a syringe, and then 5 mL of re-distilled acetonitrile was drawn with a syringe to dissolve compound 15 (1.8293 g, 3 mmol).
  • the acetonitrile solvent was removed with a rotary evaporator, and the crude product was purified with a silica gel column (the volume ratio of petroleum ether: ethyl acetate was 8:1) to obtain 908.5 mg of colorless and transparent oily liquid, which was detected as compound 16 by nuclear magnetic resonance. , the yield is 51%.
  • a 50 mL two-necked round-bottomed flask was subjected to dehydration and deoxygenation treatment, then lithium tetrahydroaluminum (170.8 mg, 4.5 mmol) was added to the flask, and the reaction system was placed in an ice-water bath after pumping for 3 times under a nitrogen atmosphere.
  • Embodiment ten of the present invention is: the preparation of DL-10, comprises the following steps:
  • Example 9 The difference with Example 9 is: in the oxidative amination of step S1, n-BuNH 2 is replaced with AllylNH 2 (allylamine), and the obtained product structure is shown in the following formula:
  • DL-10 DL-10 60 mg from 0.5 mmol of compound 20, 59%.
  • the eleventh embodiment of the present invention is: the preparation of DL-11, comprising the following steps:
  • DL-11 DL-11 27 mg from 0.3 mmol of compound 24, 59%.
  • Embodiment 12 of the present invention is: the preparation of DL-12, comprises the following steps:
  • Example 9 replacing n-BuNH 2 in the oxidative amination of step S1 with (4-MeO)-PhCH 2 CH 2 NH 2 , the structure of the obtained product is shown in the following formula:
  • DL-12 51 mg of DL-12 from 0.3 mmol of compound 28, 58%.
  • Embodiment thirteen of the present invention is: the preparation of DL-13, comprises the following steps:
  • Example 9 The difference from Example 9 is that compound 1 is replaced by compound 30 in the oxidative amination of step S1, and the obtained product structure is shown in the following formula:
  • DL-13 36 mg of DL-13 from 0.3 mmol of compound 33, 58%.
  • the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention is: the preparation of DL-14, comprising the following steps:
  • step S1 in the oxidative amination of step S1, compound 1 is replaced with compound 35, and steps S2-S5 are the same as those in Example 9, and the obtained product structure is shown in the following formula:
  • DL-14 37 mg of DL-14 from 0.3 mmol of compound 38, 57%.
  • the fifteenth embodiment of the present invention is: the preparation of DL-15 comprises the following steps:
  • DL-15 37 mg of DL-15 from 0.3 mmol of compound 43, 61%.
  • Loss of bone morphogenetic protein type 2 receptor is an initiating link in the induction of endothelial dysfunction in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Lysosomal degradation is a key factor leading to loss of endothelial BMPR2.
  • the research content is divided into the following two aspects.
  • the DL-1 group represents the compounds prepared in Example 1 for pharmacodynamic experiments.
  • the DL-2 group represents the compounds prepared in Example 2 for pharmacodynamic experiments.
  • the DL-4 group represents the compounds prepared in Example 4 for pharmacodynamic experiments.
  • the DL-5 group represents the compounds prepared in Example 5 for pharmacodynamic experiments.
  • the tnf group represents PAECs treated with TNF- ⁇ .
  • hypoxia group represented PAECs treated with 3% hypoxia.
  • Hypoxia-induced PH rat models were divided into four groups: Control (control group), Hypoxia (hypoxia group), 25mg/kg DL-1 group, and 50mg/kg DL-1 group. , 10 animals in each group, and the modeling time was 4 weeks. Hypoxia, 25mg/kg DL-1 group, and 50mg/kg DL-1 group were put into a hypoxic box (the oxygen concentration was set to 10%) in the first week, and were raised in the hypoxia box for 4 weeks, and the third week The 25mg/kg DL-1 group and the 50mg/kg DL-1 group were administered by gavage respectively, and the administration time was two weeks. Control group did not do any intervention.
  • the rats were anesthetized (1% sodium pentobarbital intraperitoneally, 50 mg/kg).
  • a PE catheter was inserted through the right jugular vein to the right atrium, and the right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) was recorded.
  • RVSP right ventricular systolic pressure
  • lung tissue samples were collected.
  • RV right ventricle
  • LV+S interventricular septum
  • the tibia of the hind limb of the rat was taken, the distance was measured with a ruler, and the RV/Tibial length was calculated.
  • the right lower lung was removed and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde solution.
  • the fixed tissue was used for subsequent vascular morphology analysis, and the tissue sections were kept at 60°C for 2 hours and then in xylene solution for 30 minutes. It was then placed in 100% ethanol solution, 95% ethanol solution and 70% ethanol solution in sequence for 5 minutes each. The samples were then washed 3 times in phosphate buffered saline (PBS, Procell, China) for 5 minutes each, in high pressure antigen retrieval for 5 minutes and in hydrogen peroxide for 20 minutes.
  • PBS phosphate buffered saline
  • PAECs human pulmonary artery endothelial cells
  • the pulmonary artery endothelial cells PAECs were placed in an incubator and treated with DMEM/F-12 1:1 (volume ratio) complete medium (double antibody 1% and fetal bovine serum FBS 10%) ) culture, and observe the normal state of the cells after the cells adhere to the wall.
  • the normal growth of endothelial cells presents shuttle, and the cells are closely adhered to each other and grow in an arrangement. After cell culture, observe once a day, not too many times. If it is observed that the cells have grown as a monolayer next to each other (indicating that the cells are confluent to 90% to 95% or even higher), use trypsin (37°C pre-warmed in advance).
  • DMEM/F-12 1:1 (v/v) complete medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum and 1% double antibody and put them in a centrifuge. Centrifuge at 800rpm/min for 4 minutes, discard the original medium and add new DMEM/F-12 1:1 (volume ratio) complete medium (double antibody 1% and fetal bovine serum FBS10%) at 25cm 2 Cell culture flasks were passaged at a ratio of 1:2.
  • the digested PAEC cells were pipetted with a 1 mL pipette tip to prepare a cell suspension, counted with a cell counter, and seeded in a 96-well plate, and then the medium was added to make up to a total volume of 100 ⁇ L in each well.
  • the amount was 1 ⁇ 10 4 cells, and cultured in a cell incubator with a constant temperature of 37°C, 5% CO 2 and saturated humidity. After the cells adhered, the cells were grouped and treated accordingly, with 5 replicate wells in each group. Unused wells of the 96-well plate were filled with PBS solution. 10 ⁇ L of LCCCK-8 (Cell Counting Kit-8 Cell Counting Reagent) solution was added to each well. Incubate the culture plate for an additional 2 h in a cell incubator at 37 °C, 5% CO and saturated humidity. The absorbance at 450 nm was measured with a microplate reader.
  • cell viability (OD of treatment group-OD of blank group)/(OD of control group-OD of blank group) ⁇ 100%, where OD is absorbance.
  • a marker pen Before inoculating pulmonary artery endothelial cells in S1 and 6-well culture plates, use a marker pen to draw 3 horizontal lines in parallel on the back (at an interval of about 1 cm) as markers (to facilitate positioning of the same field of view when taking pictures at different times).
  • DMEM/F-12 1:1 complete medium double antibody 1% and fetal bovine serum FBS 5%
  • the number of orifice plates should be in the state that the cells are completely fused after adherence, that is, completely next to each other, and present a monolayer state without overlapping each other. It is appropriate to present a monolayer of cells.
  • Proteins were extracted from pulmonary arteries or HPASMCs (human pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells) with RIPA buffer containing 0.1% PMSF (phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride), and equal amounts of protein (30 ⁇ g) were separated by 10% SDS-PAGE and transferred to polythene. on vinylidene fluoride film. 1% BSA was incubated at room temperature for 1 h.
  • PMSF phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride
  • Membranes were then incubated with primary antibodies against BMPR2 (Protein tech, USA), p-Smad1/5 (Cell Signaling Technology, USA), ID1 (Protein tech, USA), ⁇ -actin ( ⁇ -actin, USA) at 4°C Incubate overnight, immerse all PVDF membranes in biotin-labeled secondary antibody (the secondary antibody is goat anti-rabbit or goat anti-mouse, TBST diluted 1:10000), shake on a shaker at room temperature for 2 hours, and rinse 3 times with TBST.
  • the secondary antibody is goat anti-rabbit or goat anti-mouse, TBST diluted 1:10000
  • Graph pad software was used for statistical analysis of data. All data are expressed as mean ⁇ standard deviation, and the data comparison among multiple groups was analyzed by one-way ANOVA (analysis of variance). P ⁇ 0.05 means that the difference is statistically significant, and P ⁇ 0.01 means that there is a significant statistical difference.
  • Figure 11 is the gel electrophoresis results of different proteins in the DL-1 group (different concentrations), the hypoxia group and the control group of the present invention. Compared with the hypoxia group, the expression levels of each protein in the DL-1 group are higher than those in the hypoxia group, It indicated that DNJ up-regulated the expression of BMPR2 and P-smad protein in lung tissue of rats with pulmonary hypertension induced by hypoxia.
  • Figure 15 is the gel electrophoresis results of different proteins in the DL-2 group (different concentrations) of the present invention and the control group; compared with the control group, the expression levels of each protein in the high-dose DL-1 group (dose of 10 ⁇ mol) were higher than those in the control group .
  • Figures 16-18 are the comparison charts of the expression levels of different proteins (BMPR2 protein, p-Smad1/5/8 protein and ID protein) in the DL-2 group (different concentrations) of the present invention and the control group; it is known from Figures 16-18 that DL -2 upregulated BMPR2 signaling in normal PAECs.
  • Figure 19 and Figure 23 are the direct treatment of ordinary cells with different concentrations of DL-3, DL-4 and DL-5, in order to explore the concentration without cytotoxicity;
  • Figure 20, Figure 22 and Figure 24 are respectively in On the basis of the non-toxic concentrations obtained in Figure 19, Figure 21 and Figure 23, using tnf to stimulate cell proliferation, and then treating with different concentrations of DL-3, DL-4 and DL-5, the purpose is to obtain the ability to inhibit cell proliferation. concentration.
  • Figures 19 to 24 are comparison charts of cell viability between the DL-3 group, DL-4 group and DL-5 group (different concentrations) and the control group of the present invention; it is known from Figures 19 to 24 that DL-3, DL-4 and DL -5 inhibited proliferation in normal PAECs.
  • DL-7, DL-8, DL-9, DL-10, DL-11, DL-12, DL-13, DL-14 and DL-15 in the sixth to fifteenth embodiments of the present invention also have the same functions as those of the present invention.
  • the compounds in Examples 1 to 5 have similar effects, that is, they can up-regulate the expression of BMPR2, p-smad 1/5/8, and ID proteins, and reduce pulmonary vascular damage.
  • DNJ and its derivatives target lysosome degradation of BMPR2, up-regulate the expression of BMPR2, p-smad 1/5/8, and ID proteins, reduce pulmonary vascular damage, and achieve the effect of treating PAH. new ideas.
  • DNJ and its derivatives improve the vascular state of PAH by inhibiting the degradation of BMPR2 by lysosomes, and expand the Use of leaf extract DNJ and its derivatives.

Abstract

本发明提供DNJ及其衍生物在制备预防和/或治疗肺动脉高压药物中的应用，DNJ及其衍生物通过抑制溶酶体降解BMPR2，上调了BMPR2、p-smad 1/5/8、ID蛋白水平，减少了肺血管损伤，起到了治疗PAH的作用。

Description

DNJ及其衍生物在制备预防和/或治疗肺动脉高压药物中的应用 技术领域
本发明涉及药物技术领域，具体涉及DNJ及其衍生物在制备预防和/或治疗肺动脉高压药物中的应用。
背景技术
肺动脉高压(pulmonary arterial hypertension，PAH)号称心血管肿瘤，是一类以肺动脉压力持续升高为特征的疾病，最终导致右心肥厚、心衰甚至死亡。当前临床上无特效治疗药物，患者预后极差，在接受治疗的情况下其一年死亡率仍高达15％。血管内皮是维持血管正常结构与功能，保护血管免受危险因子损伤的屏障。肺动脉内皮损伤(endothelial injury)是诱发肺动脉高压血管病变的关键病理机制，其中肺动脉内皮细胞(Pulmonary arterial endothelial cells，PAECs)的过度凋亡、迁移可引起内皮通透性增加从而导致其屏障功能被破坏，是肺血管损伤的始动环节。
骨形成蛋白2型受体(bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2，BMPR2)是一种主要表达于肺动脉内皮细胞的丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶受体。多项研究显示，BMPR2基因突变、炎症、氧化应激等多种致病因素均可导致BMPR2表达显著降低，引起BMPR2信号通路下调，是诱发肺动脉高压形成的关键病理机制之一。目前研究发现溶酶体降解是导致内皮BMPR2缺失的关键因素。
溶酶体(lysosomes)是真核细胞中的一种细胞器，其内含多种水解酶，用于分解各种外源及内源大分子物质，在降解和回收细胞废物，细胞信号传导以及能量代谢中起重要作用。溶酶体与人类疾病有着较密切的关系，溶酶体异常会引发多种疾病。
DNJ是从桑树中发现的一种天然生物碱。中文名称是1-脱氧野尻霉素，分子量为163.7。DNJ作为一种α糖苷酶抑制剂，可显著延缓多糖的降解过程，研究方向大多在降血糖，抗病毒、抗肿瘤转移这三个方面，并且不损伤肝肾健康，无胃肠道副作用。基于DNJ，现已开发两个市售药物：治疗溶酶体贮积症戈谢病的米格鲁特以及治疗2型糖尿病的米格列醇。其中溶酶体贮积症戈谢病也称脑苷脂沉积症，是一种由于酸性β-葡萄糖脑苷脂酶基因突变引起的常染色体隐性遗传病，虽然突变后的酶活仍有部分保持，但由于结构异常，大部分酶发生内质网关联降解不能运转至溶酶体，导致其底物葡萄糖脑苷脂不能正常降解，而在溶酶体中贮积。但相关技术中，并无DNJ在预防和/或治疗肺动脉高压药物中的应用，也无其在预防和/或治疗肺动脉高压药物中的相关机理研究。
基于以上背景，开发了一种DNJ及其衍生物在制备预防和/或治疗肺动脉高压药物中的应用。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题为：DNJ及其衍生物在制备预防和/或治疗肺动脉高压药物中的应用。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供的技术方案为：DNJ及其衍生物在制备预防和/或治疗肺动脉高压药物中的应用。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述DNJ及其衍生物包括如通式(I)所示的化合物或其药理上容许的盐中的至少一种：
Figure PCTCN2021106038-appb-000001
其中，R选自H、烃基和烷氧基中的一种；
R 1选自H或羟基中的一种。
通式(I)中1至6指代碳的位置。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述通式(I)中C2,C3,C4,C5位取代基的立体化学组合选自(2R,3S,4R,5R)，(2R,3S,4R,5S)，(2R,3S,4S,5R)，(2R,3R,4R,5R)，(2R,3R,4R,5S)，(2R,3S,4S,5S)中的一种。
DNJ具有稳定溶酶体的功能，DNJ上调了BMPR2表达，从而缓解肺动脉高压进程。
BMPR2在PAH发生发展中发挥着重要作用，干预溶酶体降解BMPR2这一过程，实现对PAH的治疗。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述烃基选自烷基或芳基。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述烷基包括C 1～C 12的烷基。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述烷基包括丙基、正丁基、正壬基和金刚烷基中的至少一种。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述烷氧基包括含3～30个原子的烷氧基。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述烷基包括乙二醇基、二聚乙二醇基、三聚乙二醇基中的至少一种。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述芳基包括含6～30个原子的芳基。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述芳基包括苄基、萘基和联苯基中的至少一种。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述DNJ及其衍生物包括如下式所示的化合物DL-1至DL-15中的至少一种：
Figure PCTCN2021106038-appb-000002
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述药物的制备原料还包括药用载体。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述药用载体为药学领域常规的药物载体。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述药用载体包括稀释剂、赋形剂、填充剂、黏合剂、崩解剂、吸收促进剂、表面活性剂、吸附载体、润滑剂、甜味剂和香味剂中的至少一种。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述赋形剂包括水。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述填充剂包括淀粉和蔗糖中的至少一种。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述黏合剂包括纤维素衍生物、藻酸盐、明胶和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮中的至少一种。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述湿润剂包括甘油。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述崩解剂包括琼脂、碳酸钙和碳酸氢钠中的至少一种。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述吸收促进剂包括季铵化合物。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述表面活性剂包括十六烷醇。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述吸附载体包括高岭土和皂黏土中的至少一种。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述润滑剂包括滑石粉、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸镁和聚乙二醇中的至少一种。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，本发明所述药理学上容许的盐包括与无机酸、有机酸、碱金属、碱土金属和碱性氨基酸形成的盐。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述无机酸包括盐酸、硝酸、硫酸、磷酸、氢溴酸中的至少一种。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述有机酸包括马来酸、富马酸、酒石酸、乳酸、柠檬酸、乙酸、甲磺酸、对甲苯磺酸、己二酸、棕榈酸和单宁酸中的至少一种。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述碱金属包括锂、钠和钾中至少一种。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述碱土金属包括钙和镁中至少一种。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述碱性氨基酸包括赖氨酸。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述药物的剂型为本领域常规的各种剂型，优选地为固体、半固体或液体的形式，可以为水溶液、非水溶液或混悬液，更优选地为片剂、胶囊剂、软胶囊剂、颗粒剂、丸剂、口服液、干混悬剂、滴丸剂、干浸膏剂、注射剂或输注剂。根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述药物的给药方式可以为本领域常规的给药方式，包括但不限于注射给药或口服给药。所述注射给药可以为静脉注射、肌肉注射、腹腔注射、皮内注射或皮下注射等途径。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，上述DNJ及其衍生物的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
Figure PCTCN2021106038-appb-000003
S1、还原：
将化合物1添加至还原剂和有机溶剂Ⅰ中，控制温度反应，固液分离，收集固相，得化合物2；
S2、Swern氧化/还原胺化：
S21、将所述化合物2添加至酰卤和和有机溶剂Ⅱ中，控制温度反应，再添加有机胺反应，制得中间体溶液；
S22、将所述中间体溶液添加至硼还原剂、铵盐和有机溶剂Ⅲ中反应，固液分离，收集固相，得化合物3；
S3、还原胺化：
将所述化合物3添加至醛、钯催化剂Ⅰ、有机羧酸和有机溶剂Ⅳ中反应，制得化合物4；
S4、催化氢化脱苄基：
将所述化合物4添加至醚类溶剂中，再添加无机酸和钯催化剂Ⅱ反应，即得DNJ或DNJ衍生物。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述还原剂包括氢化铝锂。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述有机溶剂Ⅰ包括四氢呋喃(THF)。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述还原剂和化合物1的摩尔比为1:3～4。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述步骤S1中反应温度为-5℃～5℃。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述酰卤包括酰氯。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述酰氯保留草酸酰氯。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述有机溶剂Ⅱ包括卤代烃和砜类溶剂中的至少一种。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述卤代烃包括二氯甲烷(DCM)。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述砜类溶剂包括二甲基亚砜(DMSO)。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述有机胺包括三乙醇胺(TEA)和二乙醇胺中的至少一种。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述化合物2、酰卤和有机胺的摩尔比为1：1.5～2.5：2.5～3.5。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述硼还原剂包括NaBH 3CN。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述铵盐为醋酸铵和甲酸铵中的至少一种。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述铵盐和硼还原剂的摩尔比为1:1.9～2.1。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述有机溶剂Ⅲ包括醇类溶剂Ⅰ。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述醇类溶剂Ⅰ包括甲醇、乙醇和丙醇中的至少一种。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述步骤S21中反应温度为-90℃～-70℃。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述步骤S22中反应温度为20℃～25℃。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述醛包括烷基醛、芳基醛和烷氧基醛中的至少一种。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述醛和化合物3的摩尔比为2:3～4。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述钯催化剂Ⅰ包括钯碳催化剂。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述有机羧酸包括甲酸、乙酸和丙酸中的至少一种。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述有机溶剂Ⅳ包括醇类溶剂Ⅱ。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述醇类溶剂Ⅱ包括甲醇、乙醇和丙醇中的至少一种。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述醚类溶剂包括甲醚、乙醚和甲基叔丁基醚(MTBE)中的至少一种。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述无机酸包括硫酸、氯化氢和溴化氢中的至少一种。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述无机酸与化合物4的摩尔比为1:5～10。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述钯催化剂Ⅱ包括钯碳催化剂。
本发明还提供另一技术方案为：一种预防和/或治疗肺动脉高压药物，所述药物的有效成分包含DNJ及其衍生物。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述预防和/或治疗肺动脉高压药物中DNJ及其衍生物的质量含量为0.1％～99％。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述预防和/或治疗肺动脉高压药物中DNJ及其衍生物的质量含量为0.5～95％。
本发明还提供另一技术方案为：一种肺动脉高压治疗药盒，其特征在于：所述药盒中包括上述的药物。
根据本发明的一些实施方式，所述预防和/或治疗肺动脉高压药物的给药量标准为：DNJ及其衍生物0.1mg/天～1000mg/天。
本文所述的术语“给药剂量”为能够缓解或延迟疾病、退化性或损伤性病症进展的量。可以随被治疗的具体疾病以及其它因素而定，其它因素包括年龄、体重、健康状况、症状的严重程度、给药途径、治疗的频率和在治疗期间是否伴随其它的药物。
本文所述的术语“治疗”是指减轻结直肠癌及其并发症的程度，或者治愈结直肠癌及其并发症使之正常化，或者减缓结直肠癌及其并发症的进程。
根据本发明实施方式的制备的所述药物的应用，至少具备如下有益效果：DNJ及其衍生物通过抑制溶酶体降解BMPR2，改善了肺血管损伤，达到治疗PAH的目的。本发明不仅为PAH的治疗提供了一条新途径，也拓展了DNJ及其衍生物的应用范围。
附图说明
图1为本发明DL-1组(不同浓度)、低氧组与对照组右心室收缩压对比图；
图2为本发明实施例中DL-1组(不同浓度)、低氧组与对照组右心室质量与(左心室与上室间隔总质量)之比对比图；
图3为本发明实施例中DL-1组(不同浓度)、低氧组与对照组处理后的肺动脉HE染色后的横断面图；
图4为本发明实施例中DL-1组(不同浓度)与对照组细胞活力对比图；
图5为本发明实施例中DL-1组与对照组处理后划痕实验结果对比图(放大倍数为20倍)；
图6为本发明实施例中DL-1组(不同浓度)与对照组迁移率对比图；
图7为本发明实施例中DL-1组(不同浓度)与对照组不同蛋白的凝胶电泳结果图；
图8为本发明实施例中DL-1组(不同浓度)与对照组BMPR2蛋白表达水平对比图；
图9为本发明实施例中DL-1组(不同浓度)与对照组p-Smad1/5/8蛋白表达水平对比图；
图10为本发明实施例中DL-1组(不同浓度)与对照组ID蛋白表达水平对比图；
图11为本发明实施例中DL-1组(不同浓度)、低氧组与对照组不同蛋白的凝胶电泳结果图(所用条件相同)；
图12为本发明实施例中DL-1组(不同浓度)、低氧组与对照组BMPR2蛋白表达水平对比图；
图13为本发明实施例中DL-1组(不同浓度)、低氧组与对照组p-Smad1/5/8蛋白表达水平对比图；
图14为本发明实施例中DL-1组(不同浓度)、低氧组与对照组ID蛋白表达水平对比图；
图15为本发明实施例中DL-2组(不同浓度)与对照组不同蛋白的凝胶电泳结果图；
图16为本发明实施例中DL-2组(不同浓度)与对照组BMPR2蛋白表达水平对比图；
图17为本发明实施例中DL-2组(不同浓度)与对照组p-Smad1/5/8蛋白表达水平对比图；
图18为本发明实施例中DL-2组(不同浓度)与对照组ID蛋白表达水平对比图；
图19为本发明实施例中DL-3组(不同浓度)、tnf组与对照组细胞活力对比图；
图20为本发明实施例中DL-3组(不同浓度)与对照组细胞活力对比图；
图21为本发明实施例中DL-4组(不同浓度)、tnf组与对照组细胞活力对比图；
图22为本发明实施例中DL-4组(不同浓度)与对照组细胞活力对比图；
图23为本发明实施例中DL-5组(不同浓度)、tnf组与对照组细胞活力对比图；
图24为本发明实施例中DL-5组(不同浓度)与对照组细胞活力对比图；
标记说明：
*：P<0.05；**：P<0.01；***：P<0.001。
具体实施方式
以下将结合实施例对本发明的构思及产生的技术效果进行清楚、完整地描述，以充分地理解本发明的目的、特征和效果。显然，所描述的实施例只是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部实施例，基于本发明的实施例，本领域的技术人员在不付出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的其他实施例，均属于本发明保护的范围。
为了更好的理解本发明的实质，下面结合附图，用本发明的实施例来进一步说明本发明的实质性内容，但并不以此来限定本发明。根据本发明的实质对本发明进行的改进都属于本发明的范围。
本发明的实施例一为：DNJ的制备方法，如下式所示，包括如下步骤：
Figure PCTCN2021106038-appb-000004
S1、还原
在0℃冰浴条件下，向氢化铝锂(LAH，2.28g，60mmoL)的25mL THF(四氢呋喃)悬浊液中，缓慢滴加化合物1(10.82g，20mmoL)的50mL THF溶液，TLC监测反应进程，反应完成后，在冰浴条件下，加入十水合硫酸钠淬灭LAH，然后加入硅藻土助滤，滤液旋干，快速柱层析纯化(DCM：MeOH＝100:1)，得到乳白色产物化合物2(10.4g，产率95％)。
S2、Swern氧化/还原胺化
在-78℃条件下，向(COCl) 2(10.24mL，120mmoL)的无水DCM(二氯甲烷，50mL)溶液中，滴加DMSO(二甲基亚砜，11.35mL，160mmoL)的DCM(10mL)溶液，滴加完毕后搅拌半小时后，再向其中滴加化合物2的DCM(50mL)溶液，2h后再滴加TEA(三乙醇胺，27.67mL，200mmoL)，滴加完毕后缓慢升至室温，TLC监测反应进程。
原料消耗完后，将上述反应溶液缓慢滴加到预冷至零摄氏度的NH 4OAc(4.62g，60mmoL)、NaBH 3CN(7.56g，120mmoL)的MeOH(甲醇，30mL)溶液中，室温反应，TLC监测反应结束后，加入冰水淬灭反应，再加入NaOH水溶液调节pH至中性，并用DCM萃取，饱和食盐水洗，粗产品快速柱层析(PE：EA＝30:1)，得到化合物3为微黄色固体5.6g(54％)。
S3、催化氢化脱苄基
向化合物3(4.28mmol)的MTBE(甲基叔丁基醚，50mL)溶液中，滴加HCl水溶液(2.0M,12.3mL)，加入Pd/C(321mg)，鼓氮气置换半小时，再换成氢气鼓泡，并在剧烈搅拌下反应12小时，TLC监测反应完毕后，硅藻土过滤浓缩，即得DNJ(以下简称为DL-1,612mg,86％)。
本发明的实施例二为：DL-2的制备；与实施例一的差异在于：
Figure PCTCN2021106038-appb-000005
S4、还原胺化
向CH 3(CH 2) 8CHO(18mmol)、Pd/C(650mg)的乙醇(65mL)溶液中，依次加入化合物3(12mmol)的乙醇(65mL)溶液和乙酸(6.7mL)，鼓氮气15分钟，然后置换为H 2，室温反应12小时，TLC检测反应完毕后，硅藻土过滤浓缩，粗产品(化合物7)直接投下一步。
S5、催化氢化脱苄基
向化合物7(18mmol)的MTBE(甲基叔丁基醚，100mL)溶液中，滴加HCl水溶液(2.0M,25mL)，加入Pd/C(642mg)，鼓氮气置换半小时，再换成氢气鼓泡，并在剧烈搅拌下反应12小时，TLC监测反应完毕后，硅藻土过滤浓缩，即得如下式所示产物：
Figure PCTCN2021106038-appb-000006
以下简称为DL-2(4.96g,91％)。
本发明的实施例三为：DL-3的制备；与实施例二的差异在于：
Figure PCTCN2021106038-appb-000007
步骤S4还原胺化中CH 3(CH 2) 8CHO替换为BnCHO。
步骤S5催化氢化脱苄基中制得的产物结构如下式所示：
Figure PCTCN2021106038-appb-000008
以下简称为DL-3(从5.0mmol化合物3得到DL-3 1.20g,95％)。
本发明的实施例四为：DL-4的制备；与实施例二的差异在于：
Figure PCTCN2021106038-appb-000009
步骤S4还原胺化中CH 3(CH 2) 8CHO替换为CH 3(CH 2) 2CHO。
步骤S5催化氢化脱苄基中最终制得的产物结构如下式所示：
Figure PCTCN2021106038-appb-000010
以下简称为DL-4(从5.0mmol化合物3得到DL-4 898.0mg,82％)。
本发明的实施例五为：DL-5的制备；与实施例二的差异在于：
Figure PCTCN2021106038-appb-000011
步骤S4还原胺化中CH 3(CH 2) 8CHO替换为CH 3CH 2CHO。
步骤S5催化氢化脱苄基中制得的产物结构如下式所示：
Figure PCTCN2021106038-appb-000012
以下简称为DL-5(从5.0mmol化合物3得到DL-5 973mg,96％)。
本发明的实施例六为：DL-6的制备；与实施例二的差异在于：
Figure PCTCN2021106038-appb-000013
步骤S4还原胺化中CH 3(CH 2) 8CHO替换为BnOCH 2CHO。
步骤S5催化氢化脱苄基中制得的产物结构如下式所示：
Figure PCTCN2021106038-appb-000014
以下简称为DL-6(从5.0mmol化合物3得到DL-6 765mg,74％)。
本发明的实施例七为：DL-7的制备；与实施例二的差异在于：
Figure PCTCN2021106038-appb-000015
步骤S4还原胺化中CH 3(CH 2) 8CHO替换为BnOCH 2CH 2OCH 2CHO。
步骤S5催化氢化脱苄基中制得的产物结构如下式所示：
Figure PCTCN2021106038-appb-000016
以下简称为DL-7(从5.0mmol化合物3得到DL-7 765mg,56％)。
本发明的实施例八为：DL-8的制备；与实施例二的差异在于：
Figure PCTCN2021106038-appb-000017
步骤S4还原胺化中CH 3(CH 2) 8CHO替换为BnO(CH 2CH 2O) 2CH 2CHO。
步骤S5催化氢化脱苄基中制得的产物结构如下式所示：
Figure PCTCN2021106038-appb-000018
以下简称为DL-8(从5.0mmol化合物3得到DL-8 501mg,34％)。
本发明的实施例九为：DL-9的制备，包括如下步骤：
Figure PCTCN2021106038-appb-000019
S1、氧化、氨化反应：
称取化合物1(2.1626g，4mmol)于100mL圆底烧瓶中，加入碳酸钾(1.1057g，8mmol)，碘(2.0304g,8mmol)，甲醇40mL，用注射器量取正丁胺(1.2mL，12mmol)加入到反应体系中。50℃反应4个小时TLC监测硫酸乙醇显色发现原料完全反应。加入饱和硫代硫酸钠溶液除去多余的碘单质，然后用旋转蒸发仪除去大部分甲醇溶剂，用乙酸乙酯(50mL×3)萃取，有机层用无水硫酸钠干燥，减压浓缩，得到2.3g淡黄色油状粗产品化合物14。
S2、Swern氧化：
将100mL的两口圆底烧瓶进行除水除氧处理，用注射器吸取重蒸过的二氯甲烷40mL加入到圆底烧瓶中，再把圆底烧瓶放置于-78℃的低温反应器中，用注射器吸取草酰氯(0.7mL，8mmol)，10分钟后用注射器吸取重蒸过的二甲基亚砜(0.3mL，16mmol)缓慢加入到反应体系中，-78℃条件下反应2个小时。用重蒸过的10mL二氯甲烷溶解干燥过的化合物14，用注射器加入到反应体系中-78℃反应2个小时。再用注射器吸取重蒸过的三乙胺(4.5mL，32mmol)加入到反应体系中，将反应恢复至室温后用TLC监测发现原料完全反应。用二氯甲烷(50mL×3)萃取，有机层用无水硫酸钠干燥，减压浓缩，粗产品用硅胶柱纯化(石油醚：乙酸乙酯的体积比为6：1)，得到1.9512g白色粉末状固体，经核磁检测为为化合物15，两步反应总产率为80％。
S3、环化：
将100mL的两口圆底烧瓶进行除水除氧处理，用注射器吸取重蒸过的乙腈20mL加入到圆底烧瓶中，再分别用注射器吸取5mL重蒸过的乙腈溶解化合物15(1.8293g，3mmol)和三氟甲磺酸(142.3mg，0.3mmol)后分别加入到反应瓶中，用注射器吸取三乙基硅烷(1.4mL，9mmol)加入到反应体系中，60℃条件下反应30分钟TLC监测碘化铋钾显色发现原料完全反应。冷却至室温后然后用旋转蒸发仪除去乙腈溶剂，粗产品用硅胶柱纯化(石油醚：乙酸乙酯的体积比为8：1)，得到908.5mg无色透明油状液体，经核磁检测为化合物16，产率为51％。
S4、酰胺还原：
将50mL的两口圆底烧瓶进行除水除氧处理，然后烧瓶中加入四氢铝锂(170.8mg，4.5mmol)，氮气氛围下抽换气3次后将反应体系置于冰水浴中。用注射器吸取重蒸过的四氢呋喃10mL加入到圆底烧瓶中，再用注射器吸取5mL重蒸过的四氢呋喃溶解化合物16(890.76mg，1.5mmol)加入到反应瓶中，0℃条件下反应10分钟TLC监测碘化铋钾显色发现原料完全反应。然后0℃条件下往反应体系中加入过量十水合硫酸钠淬灭反应，继续搅拌直至反应中出现明显分层现象。布氏漏斗抽滤，有机层减压浓缩，得到910.2mg无色透明油状化合物17粗产品。
S5、脱除苄基保护
将303.4mg化合物8的粗产品用10mL甲醇溶解在50mL的圆底烧瓶中，加入甲酸(0.23mL，6mmol)和10％氢氧化钯303mg。然后放在高压反应釜内用氮气置换反应釜内空气3次，再用氢气置换反应釜内氮气3次，然后往反应釜内充入4MPa氢气室温下反应10个小时。TLC监测氯气熏蒸后邻联甲苯胺显色发现原料反应完全，布氏漏斗抽滤，滤液加入过量碳酸钾50℃条件下反应30分钟，布氏漏斗抽滤，滤液减压浓缩，粗产品用反相硅胶柱纯化(甲醇：水的体积比为1：4)，得到61.4mg无色透明油状液体，经核磁检测为化合物DL-9，两步反应总产率为56％。本发明的实施例十为：DL-10的制备，包括如下步骤：
Figure PCTCN2021106038-appb-000020
与实施例九的差异在于：将步骤S1氧化胺化中n-BuNH 2替换为AllylNH 2(烯丙基胺)，制得的 产物结构如下式所示：
Figure PCTCN2021106038-appb-000021
以下简称为DL-10(从0.5mmol化合物20得到DL-10 60mg,59％)。
本发明的实施例十一为：DL-11的制备，包括如下步骤：
Figure PCTCN2021106038-appb-000022
与实施例九的差异在于：将步骤S1氧化胺化中n-BuNH 2替换为BnCH 2NH 2，制得的产物结构如下式所示：
Figure PCTCN2021106038-appb-000023
以下简称为DL-11(从0.3mmol化合物24得到DL-11 27mg,59％)。
本发明的实施例十二为：DL-12的制备，包括如下步骤：
Figure PCTCN2021106038-appb-000024
与实施例九的差异在于：将步骤S1氧化胺化中n-BuNH 2替换为(4-MeO)-PhCH 2CH 2NH 2，制得的产物结构如下式所示：
Figure PCTCN2021106038-appb-000025
以下简称为DL-12(从0.3mmol化合物28得到DL-12 51mg,58％)。
本发明的实施例十三为：DL-13的制备，包括如下步骤：
Figure PCTCN2021106038-appb-000026
与实施例九的差异在于：将步骤S1氧化胺化中化合物1替换为化合物30，制得的产物结构如下式所示：
Figure PCTCN2021106038-appb-000027
以下简称为DL-13(从0.3mmol化合物33得到DL-13 36mg,58％)。
本发明的实施例十四为：DL-14的制备，包括如下步骤：
Figure PCTCN2021106038-appb-000028
与实施例九的差异在于：将步骤S1氧化胺化中化合物1替换为化合物35，步骤S2-S5与实施例九相同，制得的产物结构如下式所示：
Figure PCTCN2021106038-appb-000029
以下简称为DL-14(从0.3mmol化合物38得到DL-14 37mg,57％)。
本发明的实施例十五为：DL-15的制备，包括如下步骤：
Figure PCTCN2021106038-appb-000030
与实施例九的差异在于：将步骤S1氧化胺化中化合物1替换为化合物40，步骤S2-S5与实施例九相同，制得的产物结构如下式所示：
Figure PCTCN2021106038-appb-000031
以下简称为DL-15(从0.3mmol化合物43得到DL-15 37mg,61％)。
以下通过本实施例一～五所制备的化合物的药效学试验来进一步阐述本发明所具有的有益效果。
骨形成蛋白2型受体(BMPR2)缺失是诱发肺动脉高压内皮功能障碍的始动环节。溶酶体降解是导致内皮BMPR2缺失的关键因素。通过在低氧诱导的肺动脉高压大鼠模型以及TNF-α和3％低氧处理的PAECs建立肺动脉高压内皮细胞损伤模型上使用不同浓度的DNJ，用WB(Western blot法，蛋白质印迹法)、HE染色(苏木精-伊红染色法)、划痕实验等方法，验证DNJ对于肺动脉高压的治疗作用。
研究内容分为以下两个方面。
(1)动物和细胞两方面观察肺动脉高压中DNJ对BMPR2信号通路的影响。
(2)功能性实验：研究DNJ对肺动脉内皮细胞增殖、凋亡、迁移的影响。
分组说明：
DL-1组代表选用实施例一所制备的化合物进行药效学实验。
DL-2组代表选用实施例二所制备的化合物进行药效学实验。
DL-3组代表选用实施例三所制备的化合物进行药效学实验。
DL-4组代表选用实施例四所制备的化合物进行药效学实验。
DL-5组代表选用实施例五所制备的化合物进行药效学实验。
tnf组代表选用TNF-α处理的PAECs。
低氧组代表选用3％低氧处理的PAECs。
1.药效学实验
1.1动物实验
整个实验根据美国国立卫生研究院实验动物的护理和使用指南进行。实验方案得到中南大学湘雅医学院药用动物福利委员会的批准。雄性健康Sprague-Dawley(SD)大鼠(100g～150g)由湖南SJA实验动物有限公司提供(编号：SYXK(Xiang)2015–0017)。将所有动物在控制温度(18℃～25℃)和湿度(50％～60％)的环境中饲养，并交替进行12小时的明暗循环。食物和水可随意获得。适应性喂养一周后，对动物进行称重，随机分组和编号。分别建立两种PH大鼠模型，低氧诱导PH大鼠模型：分为Control(对照组)、Hypoxia(低氧组)、25mg/kg DL-1组、50mg/kg DL-1组四个组，每组10只，造模时长4周。第一周将Hypoxia、25mg/kg DL-1组、50mg/kg DL-1组三个组放入低氧箱(氧气浓度设为10％)，在低氧箱中饲养4周，第三周开始分别对25mg/kg DL-1组、50mg/kg DL-1组两个组通过灌胃方式给药，给药时长为两周。Control组不做任何干预。
1.2血流动力学测量和形态学分析
造模完成后，将大鼠麻醉(1％戊巴比妥钠腹膜内注射，50mg/kg)。插入PE导管通过右颈静脉到达右心房，记录右心室收缩压(RVSP)。在检测到RVSP后，收集肺组织样本。分离右心室(RV)，左心室加上室间隔(LV+S)并分别称重，以计算RV/(LV+S)质量比。取大鼠后肢胫骨，用尺子量距离，计算RV/Tibial length。取右下肺并将其置于4％多聚甲醛溶液中进行固定保存。固定的组织用于随后的血管形态分析，将组织切片在60℃下保持2小时，然后在二甲苯溶液中保持30分钟。然后将其依次放入100％乙醇溶液，95％乙醇溶液和70％乙醇溶液中，每次5分钟。随后将样品在磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS，Procell，China)中洗涤3次，每次5分钟，在高压抗原修复中保持5分钟，在过氧化氢中保持20分钟。用HE染色以观察血管形态，在显微镜下观察片子的效果，挑选合适的位置拍摄照片，再进行数据分析。
1.3细胞培养
人肺动脉内皮细胞(PAECs)的培养条件及形态:将肺动脉内皮细胞PAECs放置培养箱内，用DMEM/F-12 1:1(体积比)完全培养基(双抗1％和胎牛血清FBS10％)培养，待细胞贴壁后观察细胞的正常状态。正常生长的内皮细胞呈现梭行，细胞与细胞间紧密粘贴，排列生长。细胞培养后每天观察一次，不要次数太多，如观察到细胞已经为紧挨着的单层生长(表明细胞融合至90％～95％甚至更高) 时，用胰蛋白酶(37℃提前预热)对细胞消化并收集消化下来的肺动脉内皮细胞PAECs，用含有10％胎牛血清和1％双抗的DMEM/F-12 1:1(体积比)完全培养基终止消化后，在离心机中以800rpm/分钟离心4分钟，弃去原有的培养基再加入新的DMEM/F-12 1:1(体积比)完全培养基(双抗1％和胎牛血清FBS10％)，在25cm 2细胞培养瓶中按1:2的比例传代。
1.4 CCK8检测细胞增殖能力
将消化下的PAEC细胞用1mL枪头吹打，制成细胞悬液，采用细胞计数器计数，接种于96孔板中，再加入培养基补足至每孔中的总体积为100μL，每孔接种的细胞量为1×10 4个，置于恒温37℃，5％CO 2和饱和湿度的细胞培养箱中培养。待细胞贴壁后，细胞分组并进行相应的处理，每个组各设5个复孔。96孔板没有用到的孔用PBS溶液填充。向每孔中加入10μLCCK-8(Cell Counting Kit-8细胞计数试剂)溶液。将培养板在37℃，5％CO 2和饱和湿度的细胞培养箱内再孵育2小时。用酶标仪测定在450nm处的吸光度。
计算公式为：细胞活力＝(处理组OD–空白组OD)/(对照组OD–空白组OD)×100％，其中，OD值为吸光度。
1.5划痕实验检测细胞迁移能力
S1、6孔培养板接种肺动脉内皮细胞之前，用marker笔在背面平行(间隔1厘米左右)画3条横线作为标记(以利于不同时间拍照时能够定位到相同的视野)。
S2、肺动脉内皮细胞PAECs完成消化后，加入DMEM/F-12 1:1完全培养基(双抗1％和胎牛血清FBS5％)制成细胞悬液，再将肺动脉内皮细胞悬液接种入6孔板，数量以贴壁后细胞完全融合即完全紧挨着的状态，并且呈现单层状态而没有相互重叠，呈现单层细胞为宜。
S3、将肺动脉内皮细胞铺满板底后，用大小为1mL的tip枪头垂直于6孔板的孔中，贴着板底轻轻划一道痕迹，制造出宽度为一个枪头的细胞划痕，原则上尽量保证每个划痕的宽度都是保持一致的，不要有大的偏差。
S4、用巴氏吸管吸去之前的划痕产生的细胞及细胞碎片，用1x PBS再冲洗3次，使6孔板中完全清洗干净，不要残留漂浮的细胞及细胞碎片影响拍照效果。
S5、再加入DMEM/F-12 1:1(体积比)完全培养基(双抗1％和胎牛血清FBS5％)，每个孔加2mL，在显微镜下拍照。将培养板继续放入37℃，5％CO 2和饱和湿度的细胞培养箱中培养。
S6、每隔6小时将6孔板从37℃，5％CO 2和饱和湿度的细胞培养箱中取出拍照，直至终点时间24小时。根据所拍摄的图片观察实验结果，进行数据分析。
1.6 Western blot检测蛋白表达
用含0.1％PMSF(苯甲基磺酰氟)的RIPA缓冲液从肺动脉或HPASMCs(人肺血管平滑肌细胞)中提取蛋白，用10％SDS-PAGE分离等量的蛋白(30μg)，转移到聚偏氟乙烯膜上。1％BSA室温孵育1h。然后将膜与针对BMPR2(Protein tech,USA)、p-Smad1/5(Cell Signaling Technology,USA)、ID1(Protein tech,USA)、β-actin(β-actin，USA)的一抗在4℃孵育过夜，将所有PVDF膜浸入含生物素标记的二抗(二抗抗性为羊抗兔或羊抗鼠，TBST稀释1:10000)中，室温摇床上振摇2h，TBST漂洗3次，每次10min；移液枪吸取等量适量的发光液A和B，均匀混合，将混合液尽量均匀滴加在膜上，将膜放入成像仪中显影，全程在避光条件进行。用Quantity one(Bio.Rad)软件进行图像扫描，用image J软件进行半定量，计算各蛋白与β-actin的相对灰度值(relative gray scale，RGS)，以此表示各蛋白相对表达量。
1.7数据统计与分析
采用Graph pad软件进行数据统计分析。所有的数据均用均数±标准差表示，多组间数据比较采用单因素ANOVA(方差分析)检验分析。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义，P<0.01为有显著统计学差异。
从图1中得知，DL-1组的收缩压与低氧组相比出现降低，浓度为50mg/kg的情况下，收缩压远低于低氧组(P＜0.01)。
从图2中得知，DL-1组的右心室质量与(左心室与上室间隔总质量)之比与低氧组相比出现降低。
从图3中得知，DL-1组DNJ降低了低氧诱导肺高压大鼠的右心肥厚程度、右心室压力。
从图4中得知，DL-1组细胞活力较高，同时随着DNJ浓度的升高，细胞活性增强。
从图5中得知，不同浓度的化合物1(DL1组)与对照组处理前后的划痕实验结果对比图，从图 中得知DL-1处理后，DNJ有抑制正常PAECs迁移的作用。
从图6中得知，DL-1组能显著降低细胞迁移率(P＜0.01)。
从图7中得知，与对照组相比，DL-1组的各蛋白的表达水平高于对照组。
从图8中得知，DL-1组BMPR2蛋白表达水平高于对照组，在低剂量情况下(1μmol～10μmol)BMPR2蛋白表达水平逐渐增强，并在10μmol达到最大(P＜0.01)；在高剂量情况(10μmol～30μmol)BMPR2蛋白表达水平逐渐降低，但仍高于对照组。
从图9中得知，DL-1组p-Smad1/5/8蛋白表达水平高于对照组(P＜0.05)。
从图10中得知，DL-1组ID蛋白表达水平高于对照组(P＜0.01)。
图11为本发明DL-1组(不同浓度)、低氧组与对照组不同蛋白凝胶电泳结果，与低氧组相比，DL-1组的各蛋白的表达水平高于低氧组，说明DNJ上调l低氧诱导肺高压大鼠肺组织BMPR2、P-smad蛋白表达。
从图12得知，DL-1组的BMPR2蛋白表达水平远高于低氧组，在浓度为25mg/kg的情况下，表达水平略高于对照组(P＜0.01)。
从图13得知，DL-1组的p-Smad1/5/8蛋白表达水平远高于低氧组，在浓度为50mg/kg的情况下，表达水平略低于对照组(P＜0.01)。
从图14得知，DL-1组的ID蛋白表达水平远高于低氧组，在浓度为50mg/kg的情况下，表达水平略高于对照组(P＜0.05)。
图15为本发明DL-2组(不同浓度)与对照组不同蛋白凝胶电泳结果；与对照组相比，高剂量DL-1组(剂量为10μmol)的各蛋白的表达水平高于对照组。
图16～18为本发明DL-2组(不同浓度)与对照组不同蛋白(BMPR2蛋白、p-Smad1/5/8蛋白和ID蛋白)表达水平对比图；从图16～18得知，DL-2上调正常PAECs中BMPR2信号通路。
图19、图21和图23是直接对普通细胞进行不同浓度DL-3、DL-4和DL-5处理，目的是探索出没有细胞毒性的浓度；图20、图22和图24分别是在图19、图21和图23得出的无毒性浓度的基础上，使用tnf刺激细胞增殖，再用不同浓度DL-3、DL-4和DL-5处理，目的是得出可以抑制细胞增殖的浓度。
图19～24为本发明DL-3组、DL-4组和DL-5组(不同浓度)与对照组细胞活力对比图；从图19～24得知，DL-3、DL-4和DL-5抑制了正常PAECs中增殖。本发明实施例六～十五中DL-7、DL-8、DL-9、DL-10、DL-11、DL-12、DL-13、DL-14和DL-15同样也具备与本发明实施例一～五中化合物相近的作用，即能上调BMPR2、p-smad 1/5/8、ID蛋白表达，减少肺血管损伤。
DNJ及其衍生物以溶酶体降解BMPR2为靶点，上调了BMPR2、p-smad 1/5/8、ID蛋白表达，减少了肺血管损伤，达到了治疗PAH的作用，为PAH的治疗寻找新的思路。
综上所述，本发明提供的DNJ及其衍生物在制备预防和/或治疗肺动脉高压药物中的应用，DNJ及其衍生物通过抑制溶酶体降解BMPR2，改善了PAH血管状态，拓展了桑叶提取物DNJ及其衍生物的用途。
上面结合附图对本发明实施例作了详细说明，但是本发明不限于上述实施例，在所属技术领域普通技术人员所具备的知识范围内，还可以在不脱离本发明宗旨的前提下作出各种变化。此外，在不冲突的情况下，本发明的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。

Claims (11)

  1. DNJ及其衍生物在制备预防和/或治疗肺动脉高压药物中的应用。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的应用，其特征在于：所述DNJ及其衍生物包括如通式(I)所示的化合物或其在药理上容许的盐中的至少一种：
    Figure PCTCN2021106038-appb-100001
    其中，R选自H、烃基和烷氧基中的一种；
    R 1选自H和羟基中的一种；
    优选地，所述通式(I)中C2,C3,C4,C5位取代基的立体化学组合选自(2R,3S,4R,5R)，(2R,3S,4R,5S)，(2R,3S,4S,5R)，(2R,3R,4R,5R)，(2R,3R,4R,5S)和(2R,3S,4S,5S)中的一种；
    优选地，所述药理学上容许的盐包括与无机酸、有机酸、碱金属、碱土金属和碱性氨基酸形成的盐；优选地，所述无机酸包括盐酸、硝酸、硫酸、磷酸和氢溴酸中的至少一种；优选地，所述有机酸包括马来酸、富马酸、酒石酸、乳酸、柠檬酸、乙酸、甲磺酸、对甲苯磺酸、己二酸、棕榈酸和单宁酸中的至少一种；优选地，所述碱金属包括锂、钠和钾中至少一种；优选地，所述碱土金属包括钙和镁中至少一种；优选地，所述碱性氨基酸包括赖氨酸。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的应用，其特征在于：所述DNJ及其衍生物包括如下式所示的化合物DL-1至DL-15中的至少一种：
    Figure PCTCN2021106038-appb-100002
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的应用，其特征在于：所述烃基选自烷基和芳基中的至少一种。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的应用，其特征在于：所述烷基包括C 1～C 15的烷基；优选地，所述烷基包括丙基、正丁基、正壬基、金刚烷基中的至少一种；优选地，所述芳基包括含6～30个原子的芳基；更优选地，所述芳基包括苄基、萘基和联苯基中的至少一种。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的应用，其特征在于：所述烷氧基包括含3～30个原子的烷氧基；优选地，所述烷氧基包括乙二醇基、二聚乙二醇基、三聚乙二醇基中的至少一种。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的应用，其特征在于：所述预防和/或治疗肺动脉高压药物的制备原料还包括药用载体；优选地，所述药用载体包括稀释剂、赋形剂、填充剂、黏合剂、崩解剂、吸收促进剂、表面活性剂、吸附载体、润滑剂、甜味剂和香味剂中的至少一种；优选地，所述赋形剂包括水；优选地，所述填充剂包括淀粉和蔗糖中的至少一种；优选地，所述黏合剂包括纤维素衍生物、藻酸盐、明胶和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮中的至少一种；优选地，所述湿润剂包括甘油；优选地，所述崩解剂包括琼脂、碳酸钙和碳酸氢钠中的至少一种；优选地，所述吸收促进剂包括季铵化合物；优选地，所述表面活性剂包括十六烷醇；优选地，所述吸附载体包括高岭土和皂黏土中的至少一种；优选地，所述润滑剂包 括滑石粉、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸镁和聚乙二醇中的至少一种。
  8. 一种预防和/或治疗肺动脉高压药物，其特征在于：所述药物的有效成分包含DNJ及其衍生物。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的预防和/或治疗肺动脉高压药物，其特征在于：所述药物中DNJ及其衍生物的质量含量为0.1％～99％；优选为0.5～95％。
  10. 一种肺动脉高压治疗药盒，其特征在于：所述药盒中包括如权利要求8或9所述的药物。
  11. 根据权利要求所述的肺动脉高压治疗药盒，其特征在于：所述药盒中DNJ及其衍生物的含量按如下日给药量标准配制：DNJ及其衍生物：0.1mg/天～1000mg/天。
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