WO2022222483A1 - 一种光电复合缆及光电系统 - Google Patents

一种光电复合缆及光电系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022222483A1
WO2022222483A1 PCT/CN2021/135416 CN2021135416W WO2022222483A1 WO 2022222483 A1 WO2022222483 A1 WO 2022222483A1 CN 2021135416 W CN2021135416 W CN 2021135416W WO 2022222483 A1 WO2022222483 A1 WO 2022222483A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
composite cable
tearing
conductor
unit
optoelectronic composite
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/135416
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
廖远才
李汉国
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2022222483A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022222483A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B11/00—Communication cables or conductors
    • H01B11/22—Cables including at least one electrical conductor together with optical fibres
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
    • G02B6/443—Protective covering
    • G02B6/4432—Protective covering with fibre reinforcements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/46—Processes or apparatus adapted for installing or repairing optical fibres or optical cables
    • G02B6/56—Processes for repairing optical cables
    • G02B6/566—Devices for opening or removing the mantle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/38—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for facilitating removal of insulation
    • H01B7/385—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for facilitating removal of insulation comprising a rip cord or wire
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B9/00—Power cables
    • H01B9/005—Power cables including optical transmission elements

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to an optoelectronic composite cable and an optoelectronic system.
  • an optoelectronic composite cable can be used. Through the optoelectronic composite cable, both electrical signal transmission and optical signal transmission can be completed, which can reduce the pressure on the cable deployment space.
  • optical signals and electrical signals need to be transmitted or connected through different laying lines, etc., and the optoelectronic composite cable needs to be disassembled into independent optical fibers and cables for use.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a current optoelectronic composite cable.
  • the sheath of the optoelectronic composite cable includes conductors 1, conductors 2, optical fibers and color bars.
  • Conductor 1 and Conductor 2 can be used to transmit electrical energy
  • optical fibers can be used to transmit optical signals
  • the color bar can be used to distinguish the positive and negative electrodes of Conductor 1 and Conductor 2.
  • Conductor 1 and Conductor 2 in the sheath are located on both sides of the fiber, respectively.
  • the tearing of the groove, the wire 1 and its surrounding sheath, and the wire 2 and its surrounding sheath can be separated.
  • the wire 1 and the surrounding sheath form an independent cable.
  • the jacket forms another separate cable. That is to say, if the optoelectronic composite cable shown in Figure 1 is disassembled into independent optical fibers and cables, with the separation of optical fibers and cables, the two cables formed by conductor 1 and conductor 2 also become separated.
  • problems such as mutual twisting, difficulty in separation, and difficulty in binding and fixing will occur, which increases the difficulty of cable laying.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide an optoelectronic composite cable and an optoelectronic system.
  • the optoelectronic composite cable can flexibly meet different laying scenarios during use, avoid problems such as mutual twisting, being difficult to separate, and difficult to bind and fix, thereby reducing wire Difficulty in laying cables.
  • a first aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides an optoelectronic composite cable, and the optoelectronic composite cable can be applied to any optical network, electrical network, and optoelectronic network.
  • the optoelectronic composite cable includes a composite cable protector, a first tearing unit, a second tearing unit, a first optical fiber, an optical unit strength member, a first conductor and a second conductor.
  • the first tearing unit and the second tearing unit are used for separating the composite cable protector along the first tearing surface.
  • the first optical fiber, the optical unit strength member, the first conductor and the second conductor extend along the axial direction of the optoelectronic composite cable inside the composite cable protective body.
  • the first optical fiber and the optical unit strength member are located on one side of the first tear surface, the first conductor and the second conductor are located on the other side of the first tear surface, and the first conductor and the second conductor are separated from each other.
  • the optoelectronic composite cable can pass through the first tearing unit and the second tearing unit, and the optoelectronic composite cable can be separated into two parts along the first tearing surface.
  • a part of it includes the first optical fiber and its surrounding composite cable protector, and the optical unit strength member and its surrounding composite cable protector, which forms an optical unit (ie, an optical fiber cable) that can be used to transmit optical signals.
  • the other part includes the first conductor and its surrounding composite cable protector, and the second conductor and its surrounding composite cable protector, which forms an electrical unit (ie, a cable) that can be used to transmit electrical signals, wherein,
  • the electrical unit includes a cable formed by the first conductor and its surrounding composite cable protector, and another cable formed by the second conductor and its surrounding composite cable protector, the two cables may be in a separated state or In an integrated connection state, the different states of the two cables can flexibly meet different laying scenarios, avoid problems such as mutual twisting, difficult separation, and difficult binding and fixing, and reduce the difficulty of cable laying.
  • the optoelectronic composite cable further includes a first gap, the first gap extends along the axial direction of the optoelectronic composite cable in the composite cable protective body, and the plane where the first tearing surface is located passes through. through the first gap.
  • the arrangement of the first void can reduce the overall weight of the optoelectronic composite cable and facilitate the transportation and erection of the optoelectronic composite cable.
  • the first void can guide the composite cable protector to separate along the first tearing surface, thereby improving the success rate of separation of the cable and the optical cable in the optoelectronic composite cable.
  • the optoelectronic composite cable further includes a composite cable strength member, and the composite cable strength member is filled in the first void.
  • the composite cable strength member is filled in the first void.
  • the outer contour of the cross-section of the optoelectronic composite cable is a polygon.
  • the outer contour of the cross-section of the optoelectronic composite cable may refer to the contour of the cross-section, or may refer to the contour enclosed by the outermost line of the cross-section or the straight line where it is located.
  • the outer contour of the cross-section of the optoelectronic composite cable is a rectangle (including a square), and the rectangle may be a right-angled rectangle or a rounded rectangle.
  • the composite cable protector 1 of the optoelectronic composite cable is separated along the first tear surface, an independent optical unit and an electrical unit are formed, and the outer contour of the cross-section of the optical unit and/or the electrical unit is a polygon, such as a rectangle.
  • the coupling between optical units or between electrical units can be more stably coupled, and it is not easy to slip off, which is convenient for more stable laying and fixing.
  • between optical units or between electrical units can be more closely coupled to improve the utilization of the laying space.
  • the first tearing unit and the second tearing unit are tearing grooves, and the first tearing unit and the second tearing unit are disposed opposite to the first tearing surface The two edges extending in the axial direction of the optoelectronic composite cable.
  • the first tearing unit and the second tearing unit are tear cords, and the first tearing unit and the second tearing unit are located in the first tearing surface, And there is a first distance between the first tearing unit and the second tearing unit in the first tearing surface.
  • the optoelectronic composite cable further includes a third tearing unit and a fourth tearing unit, and the third tearing unit and the fourth tearing unit are used for tearing along the second tearing unit.
  • Surface separation composite cable protector In combination with the first aspect, in an alternative implementation manner, the optoelectronic composite cable further includes a third tearing unit and a fourth tearing unit, and the third tearing unit and the fourth tearing unit are used for tearing along the second tearing unit.
  • the first conductor and the second conductor are respectively located on both sides of the second tear surface, and the plane where the second tear surface is located passes through the first optical fiber.
  • the plane where the second tear surface is located passes through the first optical fiber, and the first conductor and the second conductor are located on the same side of the second tear surface.
  • the optical unit strength member includes a first strength member and a second strength member, the first strength member and the second strength member are respectively located on both sides of the first optical fiber, and the first strength member and the second strength member are respectively located on both sides of the first optical fiber, and the The axis of a strength member, the axis of the second strength member, and the axis of the first optical fiber all lie in the first plane.
  • the axis of the first conductor and the axis of the second conductor lie in the second plane.
  • the first plane is parallel or coincident with the second plane.
  • the first conductor and the second conductor are respectively located on two sides of the second tear surface, and the first optical fiber and the optical unit strength member are located on the same side of the second tear surface.
  • the optoelectronic composite cable further includes a first conductor sheath, and the first conductor sheath is located between the first conductor and the composite cable protector. And/or, the optoelectronic composite cable further includes a second conductor sheath, and the second conductor sheath is located between the second conductor and the composite cable protector. In the case where the optoelectronic composite cable includes the first conductor sheath and the second conductor sheath, the colors of the first conductor sheath and the second conductor sheath are different.
  • the optical unit reinforcing member is optical fiber, steel wire, aramid fiber or glass fiber reinforced plastic.
  • a second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides an optoelectronic system, the system includes a first device, a second device, and an optoelectronic composite cable connected between the first device and the second device, where the optoelectronic composite cable is the first aspect or the optoelectronic composite cable.
  • An optoelectronic composite cable in any alternative implementation of the first aspect.
  • the first device is used to output the first optical signal
  • the optoelectronic composite cable is used to transmit the first optical signal
  • the second device is used to receive the first optical signal transmitted through the optoelectronic composite cable.
  • the second device is configured to output the second optical signal
  • the optoelectronic composite cable is configured to transmit the second optical signal
  • the first device is configured to receive the second optical signal transmitted through the optoelectronic composite cable.
  • the first device can also be used to output electrical signals
  • the optoelectronic composite cable can also be used to transmit electrical signals
  • the second device can also be used to receive electrical signals transmitted through the optoelectronic composite cable. electric signal.
  • a third aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides another optoelectronic system, the system includes a third device, a fourth device, and an optoelectronic composite cable connected between the third device and the fourth device, and the optoelectronic composite cable is the above-mentioned first aspect. Or the optoelectronic composite cable in any alternative implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • the third device is used for outputting electrical signals
  • the optoelectronic composite cable is used for transmitting electrical signals
  • the fourth device is used for receiving electrical signals transmitted through the optoelectronic composite cable.
  • 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a current optoelectronic composite cable
  • FIG. 2a is a schematic diagram of an optical network provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2b is a schematic diagram of another optical network provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the outer profile of the cross-section of the optoelectronic composite cable provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • FIGS 4-14 are schematic cross-sectional views of the optoelectronic composite cable provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide an optoelectronic composite cable and an optoelectronic system, and the optoelectronic composite cable can be disassembled and separated into an independent optical cable and an independent cable (including two cables each containing one wire) during use, and the optical fiber composite cable can be disassembled and separated into an independent optical cable and an independent cable (including two cables each containing one wire) during use.
  • the two cables each containing one wire can be in a separated state or in an integrated connection state. Different states can flexibly meet different laying scenarios, avoiding mutual twisting, difficult separation, and It is not easy to bind and fix problems, thereby reducing the difficulty of cable laying.
  • the optoelectronic composite cable provided in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to any optical network, electrical network, and optoelectronic network.
  • the optoelectronic composite cable can be used in any FTTx (fiber to the x, fiber to the x) optical network.
  • FTTx can be FTTH (fiber to the home, fiber to the home), or it can be FTTC (fiber to the curb, fiber to the curb), FTTP (fiber to the premises, fiber to the premises), FTTN (fiber to the node or neighborhood, fiber to the node), FTTO (fiber to the office, fiber to the office) Or FTTSA (fiber to the service area), etc.
  • FIG. 2a is a schematic diagram of an optical network provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FTTH with the type and number of access devices (such as IOT (internet of things, Internet of Things) devices) in a user's home
  • the FTTR (fiber to the room) networking method can be further used in the home, as shown in Figure 2a, which can be used as a 10G-PON (passive optical network, passive optical network).
  • the OLT (optical line terminal, optical line terminal) of the optical gateway is installed in the user's room, and is connected to the edges in different indoor rooms through the main ONU, optical splitter, ATB (access terminal box, access terminal box) and other equipment in the user room.
  • ATB access terminal box, access terminal box
  • ONT optical network terminal, optical network terminal
  • ONT optical network terminal
  • realizes the further laying of optical cables to each room in the room, and the access devices in each room such as VR (virtual reality, virtual reality) glasses, networkable air conditioners, cameras, tablet computers, floor sweeping Devices such as robots can be connected to a WiFi (wireless fidelity, wireless high-fidelity) network established based on edge ONTs to form a complete home network.
  • VR virtual reality, virtual reality
  • WiFi wireless fidelity, wireless high-fidelity
  • the ONTs in each room of the home need to be connected to both optical fibers for transmitting optical signals and cables for power supply. Therefore, in an example, the optoelectronic The composite cable can be used in all or part of the line between the main ONU and the ONTs in each room. By laying a photoelectric composite cable between the main ONU and an edge ONU, the power supply to the edge ONU and the optical network can be realized. access.
  • FIG. 2b is a schematic diagram of another optical network provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the OLT as an optical gateway can be connected to the access devices deployed in different locations in the enterprise, park or industrial plant through equipment such as optical splitters.
  • equipment such as optical splitters.
  • ceiling AP access point, access point
  • campus camera equipment 5G room equipment, etc. are connected to form an all-optical access network.
  • the optoelectronic composite cable of the embodiment of the present application is It can be used in all or part of the lines between the OLT and each access device in enterprises, parks or industrial plants. By laying a photoelectric composite cable between the OLT and an access device, the power supply and access to optical networks.
  • FIG. 2a and FIG. 2b are exemplary application scenarios of the optoelectronic composite cable according to the embodiment of the present application, and the optoelectronic composite cable may also be applied to networks or systems in other scenarios, which are not exhaustive here.
  • the "cross section" in the embodiments of the present application refers to a plane perpendicular to the axial direction (ie, the extension direction) of the optoelectronic composite cable.
  • the optoelectronic composite cable provided in this embodiment of the application includes a composite cable protector 1 , a first tearing unit 2 , a second tearing unit 3 , a first optical fiber 4 , an optical unit strength member 5 , a first conductor 6 and a second conductor 7 .
  • the first tearing unit 2 and the second tearing unit 3 are used to separate the composite cable protector 1 along the first tearing surface, the first optical fiber 4, the optical unit strength member 5, the first conductor 6 and the second conductor 7
  • the composite cable protector 1 extends along the axial direction of the optoelectronic composite cable.
  • the first optical fiber 4 and the optical unit strength member 5 are located on one side of the first tear surface, the first conductor 6 and the second conductor 7 are located on the other side of the first tear surface, and the first conductor 6 and the second conductor 7 are located on the other side. separated from each other.
  • the optoelectronic composite cable can pass through the first tearing unit 2 and the second tearing unit 3, and the optoelectronic composite cable can be separated into two parts along the first tearing surface. Part of it includes the first optical fiber 4 and its surrounding composite cable protector, and the optical unit strength member 5 and its surrounding composite cable protector, which forms an optical unit (ie, an optical cable) that can be used to transmit optical signals.
  • the other part includes the first conductor 6 and its surrounding composite cable protector, and the second conductor 7 and its surrounding composite cable protector, which forms an electrical unit (that is, a cable) that can be used to transmit electrical signals,
  • the electrical unit includes a cable formed by the first conductor 6 and its surrounding composite cable protector, and another cable formed by the second conductor 7 and its surrounding composite cable protector, and the two cables can be separated It can also be in an integrated connection state.
  • the different states of the two cables can flexibly meet different laying scenarios, avoiding the problems of mutual twisting, difficult separation, and difficult binding and fixing, and reducing the difficulty of cable laying.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the outer outline of the cross-section of the optoelectronic composite cable provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the optoelectronic composite cable provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figures 4 to 13 are drawings for showing the position, shape, etc. of each component or structure in the optoelectronic composite cable. size restrictions. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, even though the diameter of the first conductor 6 and the diameter of the second conductor 7 shown in FIG.
  • the diameter of the first conductor 6 and the diameter of the first The diameter of the second conductor 7 may be larger than the diameter of the first optical fiber 4 , may also be equal to the diameter of the first optical fiber 4 , or may be equal to the diameter of the first optical fiber 4 .
  • the outer contour of the cross-section of the optoelectronic composite cable is a polygon. That is to say, the outer contour is a plane figure composed of three or more line segments connected end to end.
  • the outer contour of the cross-section of the optoelectronic composite cable is a rectangle (including a square), and the rectangle may be a right-angled rectangle or a rounded rectangle.
  • the outer contour of the cross-section of the optoelectronic composite cable may refer to the contour of the cross-section, or may refer to the contour enclosed by the outermost line of the cross-section or the straight line where it is located.
  • the profile of the cross-section of a right-angled rectangle is the same as the outer profile, both of which are right-angled rectangles.
  • the contour of the rounded rectangle is a rounded rectangle, and the outer contour may be a right-angled rectangle surrounded by four straight lines where the straight line segment of the contour is located.
  • 3a and 3b show the case where the outer contours of the cross-sections of the two optoelectronic composite cables are rectangular.
  • the outer contour of the cross-section of the optoelectronic composite cable shown in 3a is the rectangle ABCD enclosed by the line segment AB, the line segment BC, the line segment CD and the line segment DA.
  • the outline of the cross-section of the optoelectronic composite cable shown in 3b is a polygon surrounded by line segment EF, line segment FG, line segment GH, line segment HI, line segment IJ, line segment JK, line segment KL, line segment LM, line segment MN and line segment NE, wherein, The outermost line of the cross section includes line segment EF, line segment FG, line segment IJ, line segment JK, line segment KL, and line segment NE.
  • the outer contour of the cross-section is the line where line segment EF is located, line segment FG and line segment IJ are co-located , the straight line on which the line segment JK is located, and the rectangle EFJK enclosed by the straight line on which the line segment KL and the line segment NE are located.
  • the composite cable protector 1 of the optoelectronic composite cable is separated along the first tear surface, an independent optical unit and an electrical unit are formed, and the outer contour of the cross-section of the optical unit and/or the electrical unit is a polygon, such as a rectangle.
  • the coupling between optical units or between electrical units can be more stably coupled, and it is not easy to slip off, which is convenient for more stable laying and fixing.
  • between optical units or between electrical units can be more closely coupled to improve the utilization of the laying space.
  • the composite cable protector 1 may be made of PVC (polyvinylchlorid, polyvinyl chloride resin), TPU (thermoplastic polyurethanes, thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber), fluororesin or LSZH (low smoke zero halogen, low smoke Halogen-free) materials and other materials are prepared.
  • PVC polyvinylchlorid, polyvinyl chloride resin
  • TPU thermoplastic polyurethanes, thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber
  • fluororesin or LSZH low smoke zero halogen, low smoke Halogen-free
  • the first optical fiber 4 may be a bare optical fiber or a tight-buffered optical fiber with a secondary coating structure. If the first optical fiber 4 is a tight-buffered optical fiber, that is, there is a layer of tight-buffered material between the composite cable protector 1 and the bare optical fiber, and the tight-buffered material may be PVC, TPU, or LSZH material.
  • the first optical fiber 4 may be a single-mode optical fiber or a multi-mode optical fiber.
  • the first optical fiber 4 may be a single-core optical fiber or a multi-core optical fiber. If the first optical fiber 4 is a multi-core optical fiber, it may specifically be a ribbon fiber with cores arranged in parallel, a ring fiber with cores arranged in a ring, a rectangular fiber with cores arranged in a rectangle, and the like. For example, referring to FIG. 4 , as shown in the cross section of the optoelectronic composite cable shown in FIG. 4 , the first optical fiber 4 may be a multi-core ribbon fiber.
  • first conductor 6 and/or the second conductor 7 may be prepared from materials such as annealed oxygen-free copper, copper-clad steel or aluminum alloy.
  • the preparation materials of the first conductor 6 and/or the second conductor 7 may be the same or different.
  • the optical unit reinforcement 5 can be made of optical fiber, steel wire, aramid (such as KFRP (kevlar fiberglass reinforced plastic, Kevlar reinforced plastic)) or GFRP (glass fiber reinforced plastic, glass fiber reinforced plastic) and other materials to achieve. If the optical unit strength member 5 is an optical fiber, the optical fiber can also be used to transmit optical signals.
  • aramid such as KFRP (kevlar fiberglass reinforced plastic, Kevlar reinforced plastic)
  • GFRP glass fiber reinforced plastic, glass fiber reinforced plastic
  • the light unit reinforcement 5 may include one or more.
  • the light unit strength members 5 may include two, and from the perspective of the cross section of the optoelectronic composite cable, the two light unit strength members 5 may be distributed on both sides of the first optical fiber 4 . If there are a plurality of light unit reinforcing members 5, the realization materials of each light unit reinforcing member 5 may be the same or different.
  • the first tearing unit 2 and the second tearing unit 3 may also have various alternative implementations, two of which are exemplified:
  • the first tearing unit 2 and the second tearing unit 3 are tearing grooves, and the first tearing unit 2 and the second tearing unit 3 are tear grooves.
  • the splitting units 3 may be disposed opposite to the two edges of the first tearing surface extending in the axial direction of the optoelectronic composite cable.
  • the two tearing grooves of the first tearing unit 2 and the second tearing unit 3 extend along the axial direction of the optoelectronic composite cable, and the cross-section of the tearing groove can be V-shaped, U-shaped, linear, rectangular, etc., The specific shape is not limited.
  • the tear groove may be a V-shaped groove with two flat inner groove surfaces, or a V-shaped groove with two curved inner groove surfaces.
  • the cross-sections of the two tearing grooves of the first tearing unit 2 and the second tearing unit 3 may be the same or different.
  • the photoelectric composite cable shown in Fig. 5 is used as an example for introduction.
  • the outer contour of the cross section of the photoelectric composite cable Refers to the outline enclosed by the outermost line of the cross section or the straight line where it is located) is a rectangle
  • the optical unit reinforcement 5 includes two
  • the two optical unit reinforcements 5 are distributed on both sides of the first optical fiber 4.
  • Both the tearing unit 2 and the second tearing unit 3 are tear grooves with a V-shaped cross section.
  • the first tearing unit 2 and the second tearing unit 3 are tearing ropes, and the first tearing unit 2 and the second tearing unit 3 are tear ropes.
  • the tearing unit 3 may be located in the first tearing surface, and the first tearing unit 2 and the second tearing unit 3 have a first distance in the first tearing surface.
  • the first distance may be any distance greater than zero and less than the distance between two edges of the first tear surface extending in the axial direction of the optoelectronic composite cable.
  • the two tearing cords, the first tearing unit 2 and the second tearing unit 3, extend along the axial direction of the optoelectronic composite cable.
  • the two parallel tear ropes determine the position of the plane where the first tear surface is located, ensuring that when the two tear ropes can be subjected to forces in two opposite directions along the first tear surface, the composite The cable protector can be separated into two parts along the first tear surface.
  • the photoelectric composite cable shown in FIG. 6 is taken as an example for introduction.
  • the outer contour of the cross section of the photoelectric composite cable (here the outer contour of the cross section) That is, the profile of the cross-section) is a rectangle
  • the optical unit reinforcement 5 includes two
  • the two optical unit reinforcements 5 are distributed on both sides of the first optical fiber 4
  • the first tearing unit 2 and the second tearing unit 3 exist.
  • Two rip cords for spacing Two rip cords for spacing.
  • the optoelectronic composite cable may further include a first gap 8, the first gap 8 extends along the axial direction of the optoelectronic composite cable in the composite cable protector 1, and the plane where the first tear surface is located passes through.
  • the first void 8 The shape of the cross section of the first void 8 is not limited, for example, it may be a circle, an ellipse, a triangle, a rectangle, or an irregular shape. Further, the first voids 8 may include one or more first voids 8 , and in the case of multiple first voids 8 , the plane where the first tear surface is located passes through each of the first voids 8 .
  • the arrangement of the first gap 8 can reduce the overall weight of the optoelectronic composite cable and facilitate the transportation and erection of the optoelectronic composite cable.
  • the first void 8 can guide the composite cable protector to separate along the first tearing surface, thereby improving the success rate of separation of the cable and the optical cable in the optoelectronic composite cable.
  • the photoelectric composite cable shown in FIG. 7 is taken as an example for introduction.
  • the first tearing unit 2 and the second tearing unit of the photoelectric composite cable are 3 is two V-shaped tear grooves oppositely arranged on the surface of the optoelectronic composite cable. From the perspective shown in Figure 7, the bottom of the groove on the far right in the inner groove surface of the first tear unit 2 is the same as the second tear groove.
  • the connecting surface between the leftmost groove bottom of the inner groove surface of the unit 3 can be a first tearing surface, and there is a first gap 8, which is arranged between the first tearing unit 2 and the second tearing unit 3 , and the plane where the first tear surface is located passes through the first gap 8 .
  • the optoelectronic composite cable further includes a composite cable strength member, and the composite cable strength member is filled in the first void 8 .
  • each of the first voids 8 may be filled with composite cable strength members, or some of the first voids 8 may be filled with composite cable strength members.
  • the composite cable strength member can be realized by materials such as optical fiber, steel wire, KFRP or GFRP.
  • the optoelectronic composite cable further includes a first conductor sheath and/or a second conductor sheath, wherein the first conductor sheath may be located between the first conductor 6 and the composite cable protector 1, and the first conductor sheath may be located between the first conductor 6 and the composite cable protection body 1.
  • the two-conductor sheath may be located between the second conductor 7 and the composite cable protector 1 .
  • the optoelectronic composite cable includes the first conductor sheath and the second conductor sheath, the colors of the first conductor sheath and the second conductor sheath are different.
  • the first conductor sheath can protect the first conductor 6
  • the second conductor sheath can protect the second conductor 7 , thereby improving the durability of the first conductor 6 and the second conductor 7 .
  • the different colors of the first conductor sheath and the second conductor sheath can be used to distinguish the polarities (such as positive and negative) of the cables formed by the first conductor 6 and the second conductor 7 respectively, which improves convenience.
  • the optoelectronic composite cable may further include a third tearing unit 9 and a fourth tearing unit 10, and the third tearing unit 9 and the fourth tearing unit 10 are used for separation along the second tearing surface.
  • Composite cable protector 1 1.
  • the third tearing unit 9 and the fourth tearing unit 10 may be tearing grooves, and are disposed opposite to two edges of the second tearing surface extending in the axial direction of the optoelectronic composite cable.
  • the third tearing unit 9 and the fourth tearing unit 10 are tearing cords and are located in the second tearing surface.
  • the third tearing unit 9 and the fourth tearing unit 10 are tearing cords
  • the third tearing unit 9 may include multiple tearing cords
  • the fourth tearing unit 10 may include multiple tearing cords
  • the cords, or the third tearing unit 9 and the fourth tearing unit 10 each comprise a plurality of tearing cords.
  • a plurality of tearing ropes in the third tearing unit 9 and the fourth tearing unit 10 can be distributed on both sides of the first tearing surface, and the tearing ropes located on both sides of the first tearing surface
  • the split cord can be used to separate the first optical fiber 4 in the optical unit and separate the electrical unit into two cables, respectively, and for specific examples, please refer to the introduction to FIG. 9 below.
  • the tear cords included in the optoelectronic composite cable can be set as tear cords of different colors.
  • the first tearing unit 2 and the third tearing unit 3 may be a tear cord of a first color
  • the third tear unit 9 and the fourth tear unit 10 may be a tear cord of a second color
  • the first color and the second color are different.
  • the tear cords used to separate the composite cable protector 1 along the first tear surface and the tear cords used to separate the composite cable protector 1 along the second tear surface are distinguished by the tear cords of different colors, which improves the integration of the optoelectronic composite The convenience and separation success rate of cable separation into optical cable and cable.
  • the first tearing unit 2, the second tearing unit 3, the third tearing unit 9 and the fourth tearing unit 10 are all tearing cords, and the third tearing unit 9 includes multiple tearing cords
  • the fourth tearing unit 10 includes a plurality of tearing ropes
  • the first tearing unit 2 and the second tearing unit 3 can be tearing ropes of a third color
  • the tearing ropes located in the first tearing plane in the second tearing plane The tear rope on one side of the tear surface is the fourth color
  • the tear rope on the other side of the first tear surface in the second tear plane is the fifth color
  • the positions of the third tearing unit 9 and the fourth tearing unit 10 in the optoelectronic composite cable can be various, and the third tearing unit 9 and the fourth tearing unit 10 can achieve different functions under different positions. That is to say, the positions of the second tearing surface determined by the third tearing unit 9 and the fourth tearing unit 10 may also be different, and the following description will be exemplified in conjunction with the positions of the second tearing surface.
  • the first conductor 6 and the second conductor 7 are respectively located on two sides of the second tear surface, and the plane where the second tear surface is located passes through the first optical fiber 4 . Since the first conductor 6 and the second conductor 7 are located on both sides of the second tearing surface, the composite cable protector 1 is separated along the second tearing surface by the third tearing unit 9 and the fourth tearing unit 10 Then, the first conductor 6 and its surrounding composite cable protector 1 can be formed into one cable, and the second conductor 7 and its surrounding composite cable protector 1 can be formed into another cable, so that a cable containing two wires can be formed. Split into two cables each containing one conductor.
  • the first optical fiber 4 can be stripped from the composite cable protector 1, and the stripped first optical fiber 1 can be used for splicing and the like.
  • the first tearing unit 2 and the second tearing unit 3 are oppositely arranged on the surface of the optoelectronic composite cable.
  • the two V-shaped grooves, the third tearing unit 9 and the fourth tearing unit 10 are two V-shaped tearing grooves oppositely arranged on the surface of the optoelectronic composite cable.
  • connection surface between the rightmost groove bottom in the inner groove surface of the unit 2 and the leftmost groove bottom in the inner groove surface of the second tearing unit 3 can be the first tearing surface, and the third tearing unit
  • connection surface between the lowermost groove bottom in the inner groove surface of the fourth tearing unit 10 and the uppermost groove bottom in the inner groove surface of the fourth tearing unit 10 may be the second tearing surface.
  • the first tear surface and the second tear surface may intersect at the first void 8 .
  • the first tearing unit 2 and the second tearing unit 3 may be respectively subjected to a peeling force along the first tearing surface,
  • the composite cable protector 1 is separated along the first tear surface. From the perspective shown in FIG. 8, the part above the first tear surface (including the first optical fiber 4 and the optical unit strength member 5) forms an optical cable, and the first The part below the tear surface (including the first conductor 6 and the second conductor 7) forms a cable, and the optical cable and the cable can be laid independently.
  • the first tearing unit 2 and the second tearing unit 3 may be respectively applied with a force for peeling along the first tearing surface
  • the third tearing unit 9 and the fourth tearing unit 10 are respectively applied with the force of peeling along the second tearing surface, so that the composite cable protector 1 is carried out along the first tearing surface and the second tearing surface. Separated, then the composite cable protector 1 is separated into four parts. From the perspective shown in FIG.
  • the composite cable protector 1 located on the left side of the first tear surface and on the upper side of the second tear surface, and the composite cable protector 1 located on the right side of the first tear surface and the upper side of the second tear surface After the composite cable protector 1 is separated, the first optical fiber 4 is exposed and can be used for splicing. From the perspective shown in FIG.
  • the composite cable protector 1 located on the left side of the first tear surface and the underside of the second tear surface, and the composite cable protector 1 located on the right side of the first tear surface and the underside of the second tear surface After the composite cable protector 1 is separated, the first cable (the first conductor 6, and the cable formed by the composite cable protector 1 located on the left side of the first tear surface and on the lower side of the second tear surface) and the second cable are formed (The cable formed by the second conductor 7 and the composite cable protector 1 located on the right side of the first tear surface and the lower side of the second tear surface), the first cable and the second cable can be laid independently or connected to different Electrical signal interface (such as connecting neutral and live wires respectively).
  • the first tearing unit 2 and the second tearing unit 3 are tearing ropes.
  • a tearing rope is located in the plane where the first tearing surface is located
  • the third tearing unit 9 and the fourth tearing unit 10 are tearing ropes
  • the third tearing unit 9 includes two tearing ropes
  • the fourth tearing unit 9 The unit 10 includes two tear cords, the four tear cords lying in the plane of the second tear surface.
  • the first tear surface and the second tear surface may intersect at the first void 8 .
  • the first tearing unit 2 and the second tearing unit 3 may be respectively applied with opposite forces along the direction of the first tearing surface , the first tearing unit 2 and the second tearing unit 3 can be torn to the surface of the composite cable protector 1, and the composite cable protector 1 is torn along the first tearing unit 2 and the second tearing unit 3.
  • the path is split, and then the cracked gap along the composite cable protector 1 can complete the complete separation of the composite cable protector 1 along the first tear surface.
  • the part (including the first optical fiber 4 and the optical unit strength member 5) forms an optical cable
  • the part below the first tear plane (including the first conductor 6 and the second conductor 7) forms a cable, and the optical cable and the cable can be laid independently.
  • the composite optical cable can be separated into an independent cable along the first tear plane according to the first exemplary scenario in FIG. 9 . (the part below the plane where the first tear surface is located in the perspective of FIG. 9 ) and an independent optical cable (the part above the plane where the first tear surface is located in the perspective of FIG. 9 ).
  • the third tearing unit 9 and the fourth tearing unit 10 in the optical cable can be applied with opposite forces along the direction of the second tearing surface, so that the third tearing unit in the optical cable can be made to tear
  • the two tearing ropes, the unit 9 and the fourth tearing unit 10, are torn to the surface of the optical cable.
  • the second tear surface is completely separated, so that the first optical fiber 4 in the optical cable can be separated, and the separated first optical fiber 4 can be used for splicing and the like.
  • the two tearing ropes, the third tearing unit 9 and the fourth tearing unit 10 in the cable can be torn to the surface of the cable, and the cable is torn along the tearing path of the two tearing ropes, and further
  • the slit along the cable split can completely separate the cable along the second tear plane, so that a cable containing two conductors can be separated into two cables containing one conductor each, and the two cables obtained can be separated independently. Lay or connect different electrical signal interfaces.
  • the plane where the second tear surface is located passes through the first optical fiber 4, and the first conductor 6 and the second conductor 7 are located on the same side of the second tear surface. Since the plane where the second tearing surface is located passes through the first optical fiber 4, after the composite cable protector 1 is separated along the second tearing surface by the third tearing unit 9 and the fourth tearing unit 10, the The first optical fiber 4 is stripped from the composite cable protective body, and the stripped first optical fiber 1 can be used for splicing and the like.
  • the plane on which the first conductor 6 and the second conductor 7 are located may have any angle with the second tear surface, for example, the two may be perpendicular to each other, or parallel to each other.
  • the first tearing unit 2 and the second tearing unit 3 in the optoelectronic composite cable are the first
  • the two tear ropes in the tearing surface, the third tearing unit 9 and the fourth tearing unit 10 are two V-shaped tearing grooves oppositely arranged on the surface of the optoelectronic composite cable.
  • the connection surface between the rightmost groove bottom in the inner groove surface of the third tearing unit 9 and the leftmost groove bottom in the inner groove surface of the fourth tearing unit 10 may be the second tearing surface.
  • the optoelectronic composite cable further includes a V-shaped groove 11 .
  • the cross-section of the first void 8 in the optoelectronic composite cable is triangular, and a vertex of the triangle is opposite to the bottom of the V-shaped groove 11 .
  • both the first conductor 6 and the second conductor 7 are located on the lower side of the second tear surface.
  • a first conductor 6 and a second conductor 7 are respectively arranged at the top corner of the first gap 8 opposite to the bottom of the V-shaped groove 11 , and on the left and right sides of the plane where the bottom of the V-shaped groove 11 is located.
  • the first tearing unit 2 and the second tearing unit 3 can be used, so that the optoelectronic composite cable is located in the A portion on the underside of the tear surface (forming a cable containing two conductors) is separated from the portion on the upper side of the first tear surface (forming a fiber optic cable).
  • the third tearing unit 9 and the fourth tearing unit 10 can realize the separation of one cable containing two wires into two cables each containing one wire.
  • the composite cable protector 1 around the first optical fiber 4 can be peeled off, and the exposed first optical fiber 4 can be used for splicing, etc. .
  • the axis of the second strength member 52 and the axis of the first optical fiber 4 are located in the first plane
  • the axis of the first conductor 6 and the axis of the second conductor 7 are located in the second In a plane
  • the first plane and the second plane are parallel or coincident with each other.
  • the first tearing unit 2 and the second tearing unit 3 in the optoelectronic composite cable are in the optoelectronic composite cable.
  • the V-shaped grooves are oppositely arranged on the surface of the cable
  • the third tearing unit 9 and the fourth tearing unit 10 are V-shaped grooves oppositely arranged on the surface of the optoelectronic composite cable
  • the third tearing unit 9 and the fourth tearing unit 10 are V-shaped grooves whose inner groove surfaces are curved.
  • a first conductor sheath 12 is provided between the first conductor 6 and the composite cable protector 1
  • a second conductor sheath 13 is provided between the second conductor 7 and the composite cable protector 1
  • the first conductor sheath 12 and The colors of the second conductor sheaths 13 are different.
  • both the first conductor 6 and the second conductor 7 are located on the left side of the second tear surface.
  • the first tearing unit 2 and the second tearing unit 3 can be passed through, so that in the perspective of FIG. 11 , the optoelectronic composite cable is located in the first The part to the left of the tear surface (forming a cable containing two conductors) is separated from the part to the right of the first tear surface (forming a fiber optic cable).
  • the composite cable protector 1 around the first optical fiber 4 can be stripped off by the third tearing unit 9 and the fourth tearing unit 10, and the stripped first optical fiber 4 can be used for splicing.
  • the first conductor 6 and the second conductor 7 can be protected respectively, and the composite cable around the first conductor 6 can be protected by a tool such as a blade. 1. Separate from the second conductor 7 and the composite cable protector 1 around it, and separate it into a cable including the first conductor 6 and a cable including the second conductor 7 . In addition, the laying position of the first conductor 6 and the second conductor 7 or the electrical signal interface and the like can be determined by the colors of the first conductor sheath 12 and the second conductor sheath 13 .
  • the first conductor 6 and the second conductor 7 are located on two sides of the second tear surface respectively, and the first optical fiber 4 and the optical unit strength member 5 are located on the same side of the second tear surface. Since the first conductor 6 and the second conductor 7 are located on both sides of the second tearing surface, the composite cable protector 1 is separated along the second tearing surface by the third tearing unit 9 and the fourth tearing unit 10 Then, the first conductor 6 and its surrounding composite cable protector 1 can be formed into one cable, and the second conductor 7 and its surrounding composite cable protector 1 can be formed into another cable, so that a cable containing two wires can be formed. Split into two cables each containing one conductor.
  • the first tearing unit 2 and the second tearing unit 3 in the optoelectronic composite cable are the first
  • the two tear cords in the tearing surface, the third tearing unit 9 and the fourth tearing unit 10 are the two tearing cords in the second tearing surface.
  • the optoelectronic composite cable further includes a V-shaped groove 14 .
  • the cross-section of the first void 8 in the optoelectronic composite cable is triangular, and one vertex of the triangle is opposite to the bottom of the V-shaped groove 14 . In the viewing angle shown in FIG.
  • both the first optical fiber 4 and the light unit reinforcement are located on the upper side of the second tear surface.
  • the apex angle of the first gap 8 opposite to the groove bottom of the V-shaped groove 14 and the plane where the groove bottom of the V-shaped groove 14 is located pass through the first optical fiber 4 .
  • the first tearing unit 2 and the second tearing unit 3 can be passed through, so that in the view of FIG. 12, the optoelectronic composite cable is located at the A portion on the upper side of the tear surface (forming a cable containing two conductors) is separated from the portion on the underside of the first tear surface (forming a fiber optic cable).
  • the third tearing unit 9 and the fourth tearing unit 10 can separate a cable containing two wires into two cables each containing one wire.
  • the composite cable protector around the first optical fiber 4 can also be stripped through the vertex angle of the first gap 8 opposite to the V-shaped groove 14 and the V-shaped groove 14, and the stripped bare first optical fiber 4 can be used for splicing.
  • the first tearing unit 2 and the second tearing unit 3 in the optoelectronic composite cable are the There are two V-shaped grooves arranged oppositely on the surface of the optoelectronic composite cable, and the third tearing unit 9 and the fourth tearing unit 10 are two V-shaped grooves arranged oppositely on the surface of the optoelectronic composite cable.
  • the same plane where the bottoms of the two V-shaped grooves of the first tearing unit 2 and the second tearing unit 3 are located can be the first tearing surface, and the third tearing unit 9 and the fourth tearing unit 10 The same plane where the bottom of each V-shaped groove is located can be the second tearing surface.
  • both the first optical fiber 4 and the light unit reinforcement are located on the right side of the second tear surface.
  • the optoelectronic composite cable also includes a V-shaped groove 15 and a V-shaped groove 16. From the perspective of FIG. 13, the same plane where the bottoms of the V-shaped grooves 15 and the V-shaped grooves 16 are located passes through the first optical fiber 4.
  • the first tearing unit 2 and the second tearing unit 3 can be passed through, so that from the perspective of FIG. 13, the optoelectronic composite cable is located at the A portion on the left side of the tear surface (forming a cable containing two conductors) is separated from the portion on the right side of the first tear surface (forming a fiber optic cable).
  • the third tearing unit 9 and the fourth tearing unit 10 can separate a cable containing two wires into two cables each containing one wire.
  • the composite cable protector around the first optical fiber 4 can also be stripped off through the V-shaped groove 15 and the V-shaped groove 16 , and the stripped bare first optical fiber 4 can be used for splicing and the like.
  • the structures of the optical unit and the electrical unit are asymmetrically designed. Therefore, in the cross-section of the optoelectronic composite cable, the first conductor in the electrical unit 6 The position relative to the optical unit, the position of the second conductor 7 in the electrical unit relative to the optical unit distinguishes the polarity of the cable formed by the first conductor 6 and the cable formed by the second conductor 7, without the need to set the color in the optoelectronic composite cable to achieve the above functions.
  • an electrode identification structure may be included in the optoelectronic composite cable, and the electrode identification structure is used to distinguish the polarities of the cable formed by the first conductor 6 and the cable formed by the second conductor 7 .
  • the electrode identification structure can be a color bar, a void structure inside the optoelectronic composite cable, a groove on the surface of the optoelectronic composite cable, and so on.
  • the electrode marking structure can extend along the axial direction of the optoelectronic composite cable inside the composite cable protector 1, and the electrode marking structure is inside the composite cable protector 1, and is located on the same side of the first tear surface as the first conductor and the second conductor.
  • FIG. 14 taking FIG. 14 as an example, as shown in the cross-section of the optoelectronic composite cable shown in FIG. 14 , in the viewing angle shown in FIG. 14 , an electrode identification structure is provided on the left side of the first conductor 6 17.
  • FIG. 13 After the first tear surface is torn, in the viewing angle shown in FIG.
  • the left part of the first tear surface can form a cable containing two wires, and the cable can be symmetrical with the second tear surface
  • the symmetrical structure of the axis, the electrode identification structure 17 is located at a position outside the axis of symmetry, which can effectively distinguish the polarities of the cable formed by the first conductor 6 and the cable formed by the second conductor 7 .
  • the first tear surface and/or the second tear surface can be flat, but In actual use, the first tearing surface and/or the second tearing surface may also be curved surfaces, possibly due to uneven material and uneven stress.
  • Embodiments of the present application also provide an optoelectronic system, which includes a first device, a second device, and an optoelectronic composite cable connected between the first device and the second device. in:
  • the optoelectronic composite cable may be any one of the optoelectronic composite cables provided in the above embodiments of the present application, for example, any one of the optoelectronic composite cables shown in FIGS. 4 to 14 .
  • the first device is used to output the first optical signal
  • the optoelectronic composite cable is used to transmit the first optical signal
  • the second device is used to receive the first optical signal transmitted through the optoelectronic composite cable; and/or, the second device is used to output the first optical signal.
  • Two optical signals the photoelectric composite cable is used to transmit the second optical signal
  • the first device is used to receive the second optical signal transmitted through the photoelectric composite cable.
  • the first device can also be used to output electrical signals
  • the optoelectronic composite cable can also be used to transmit electrical signals
  • the second device can also be used to receive electrical signals transmitted through the optoelectronic composite cable.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides an optoelectronic system, which includes a third device, a fourth device, and an optoelectronic composite cable connected between the third device and the fourth device.
  • the optoelectronic composite cable may be any one of the optoelectronic composite cables provided in the above embodiments of the present application, for example, any one of the optoelectronic composite cables shown in FIGS. 4 to 14 .
  • the third device is used for outputting electrical signals
  • the optoelectronic composite cable is used for transmitting electrical signals
  • the fourth device is used for receiving electrical signals transmitted through the optoelectronic composite cable.

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种光电复合缆及光电系统，该光电复合缆包括复合缆保护体、第一撕裂单元、第二撕裂单元、第一光纤、光单元加强件、第一导体和第二导体。其中，第一撕裂单元和第二撕裂单元用于沿第一撕裂面分离复合缆保护体。第一光纤、光单元加强件、第一导体和第二导体在复合缆保护体内部沿光电复合缆的轴向延伸。第一光纤和光单元加强件位于第一撕裂面的一侧，第一导体和第二导体位于第一撕裂面的另外一侧，且第一导体和第二导体之间互相分离。该光电复合缆在使用过程中可以灵活地满足不同的敷设场景，避免了互相扭转、难以分离、以及不易绑扎固定等问题，进而降低了线缆敷设的难度。

Description

一种光电复合缆及光电系统
本申请要求于2021年4月19日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号202110419775.2、申请名称为“一种光电复合缆及光电系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种光电复合缆及光电系统。
背景技术
随着全光网络的发展，在家庭、园区等通信场景下，光网络的部署规模越来越大，部署密度越来越密集，就需要部署大量的光纤来支撑光网络，同时，通信网络中很多通信设备有需要为其提供电能，如设备运行的供电、通过电信号传输信息等，因此，在这些场景下又需要部署大量的电缆来保证电能的供应。为了降低大量的光纤和电缆对部署空间的挑战，可以采用光电复合缆，通过光电复合缆既可以完成电信号的传输，又可以完成光信号的传输，可以降低线缆部署空间的压力。此外，在一些场景中，光信号和电信号需要通过不同的敷设线路分别传输或接续等，又需要将光电复合缆拆解为独立的光纤和电缆使用。
关于光电复合缆可以参阅图1，图1是目前的一种光电复合缆的横截面示意图，如图1所示，这种光电复合缆的护套内有导线1、导线2、光纤和颜色条。导线1和导线2可以用于传输电能，光纤可以用于传输光信号，颜色条可以用于区分导线1和导线2的正负极。护套外侧设有两个相对的V型槽，护套内导线1和导线2分别位于光纤两侧，通过两个V型槽的撕裂可以将护套中的光纤剥离出来，同时随着V型槽的撕裂，导线1及其周围的护套、与导线2及其周围的护套可以完成分离，分离后导线1及其周围的护套形成一根独立电缆，导线2及其周围的护套形成另外一条独立电缆。也就是说，若图1所示的光电复合缆在拆解为独立的光纤和电缆时，随着光纤和电缆的分离，导线1和导线2形成的两条电缆也变为分离状态，那么在这两条电缆的敷设过程中就会出现互相扭转、难以分离、以及不易绑扎固定等问题，提高了线缆敷设的难度。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种光电复合缆及光电系统，该光电复合缆在使用过程中可以灵活地满足不同的敷设场景，避免了互相扭转、难以分离、以及不易绑扎固定等问题，进而降低了线缆敷设的难度。
本申请实施例第一方面提供了一种光电复合缆，该光电复合缆可以应用于任意的光网络、电网络以及光电网络中。
该光电复合缆包括复合缆保护体、第一撕裂单元、第二撕裂单元、第一光纤、光单元加强件、第一导体和第二导体。其中，第一撕裂单元和第二撕裂单元用于沿第一撕裂面分离复合缆保护体。第一光纤、光单元加强件、第一导体和第二导体在复合缆保护体内部沿光电复合缆的轴向延伸。第一光纤和光单元加强件位于第一撕裂面的一侧，第一导体和第二导体位于第一撕裂面的另外一侧，且第一导体和第二导体之间互相分离。
该光电复合缆可以通过第一撕裂单元和第二撕裂单元，沿第一撕裂面将该光电复合缆分离为两部分。其中的一部分包括第一光纤及其周围的复合缆保护体、以及光单元加强件及其周围的复合缆保护体，该部分形成可以用于传输光信号的光单元(也就是光缆)。其中的另一部分包括第一导体及其周围的复合缆保护体、以及第二导体及其周围的复合缆保护体，该部分形成可以用于传输电信号的电单元(也就是电缆)，其中，电单元包括由第一导体及其周围的复合缆保护体形成的一条电缆，和由第二导体及其周围的复合缆保护体形成的另一条电缆，这两条电缆可以处于分离状态，也可以处于一体连接状态，两条电缆不同的状态可以灵活地满足不同的敷设场景，避免了互相扭转、难以分离、以及不易绑扎固定等问题，降低了线缆敷设的难度。
结合第一方面，在一种可替换的实现方式中，光电复合缆还包括第一空隙，第一空隙在复合缆保护体内沿光电复合缆的轴向延伸，第一撕裂面所在的平面穿过第一空隙。一方面来说，第一空隙的设置可以减轻光电复合缆的总体重量，便于光电复合缆的运输、架设等，另一方面，在通过第一撕裂单元和第二撕裂单元在受到沿第一撕裂面进行剥离的作用力时，第一空隙可以引导复合缆保护体沿着第一撕裂面进行分离，提高光电复合缆中电缆和光缆分离的成功率。
结合第一方面，在一种可替换的实现方式中，光电复合缆还包括复合缆加强件，复合缆加强件填充于第一空隙中。通过在第一空隙中填充复合缆加强件，可以提高光电复合缆的强度，降低光电复合缆的折损率，也可以提高光电复合缆在传输光信号时的可靠性。
结合第一方面，在一种可替换的实现方式中，光电复合缆的横截面的外轮廓为多边形。多条横截面的外轮廓为多边形的光电复合缆在固定捆扎时，光电复合缆之间可以更稳定地耦合，不易滑落，便于光电复合缆更稳固地敷设和固定。
需要说明的是，光电复合缆的横截面的外轮廓可以指该横截面的轮廓，也可以指该横截面的最外侧的线条或其所在的直线围成的轮廓。
进一步的，该光电复合缆的横截面的外轮廓为矩形(包括正方形)，该矩形可以是直角矩形，也可以是圆角矩形。多条横截面的外轮廓为矩形的光电复合缆在一起固定捆扎时，光电复合缆之间可以更紧密地耦合，减小光电复合缆之间的空隙，提高敷设空间的利用率。
更进一步的，若光电复合缆的复合缆保护体1沿第一撕裂面分离后，形成独立的光单元和电单元，光单元和/或电单元的横截面的外轮廓为多边形，如矩形等，在光单元或电单元在独立使用过程中，可以使光单元之间或电单元之间更稳定地耦合，不易滑落，便于其更稳固地敷设和固定，同时，光单元之间或电单元之间可以更紧密地耦合，提高敷设空间的利用率。
结合第一方面，在一种可替换的实现方式中，第一撕裂单元和第二撕裂单元为撕裂槽，第一撕裂单元和第二撕裂单元相对设置于第一撕裂面沿光电复合缆的轴向延伸的两个边沿。
结合第一方面，在一种可替换的实现方式中，第一撕裂单元和第二撕裂单元为撕裂绳，第一撕裂单元和第二撕裂单元位于第一撕裂面内，且第一撕裂单元和第二撕裂单元在第一撕裂面内存在第一间距。
结合第一方面，在一种可替换的实现方式中，光电复合缆还包括第三撕裂单元和第四撕裂单元，第三撕裂单元和第四撕裂单元用于沿第二撕裂面分离复合缆保护体。
结合第一方面，在一种可替换的实现方式中，第一导体和第二导体分别位于第二撕裂面两侧，第二撕裂面所在的平面穿过第一光纤。
结合第一方面，在一种可替换的实现方式中，第二撕裂面所在的平面穿过第一光纤，第一导体和第二导体位于第二撕裂面的同一侧。
结合第一方面，在一种可替换的实现方式中，光单元加强件包括第一加强件和第二加强件，第一加强件和第二加强件分别位于第一光纤的两侧，且第一加强件的轴线、第二加强件的轴线和第一光纤的轴线均位于第一平面内。第一导体的轴线和第二导体的轴线位于第二平面内。第一平面与所述第二平面平行或重合。
结合第一方面，在一种可替换的实现方式中，第一导体和第二导体分别位于第二撕裂面的两侧，第一光纤和光单元加强件位于第二撕裂面的同一侧。
结合第一方面，在一种可替换的实现方式中，光电复合缆还包括第一导体护套，第一导体护套位于第一导体与所述复合缆保护体之间。和/或，光电复合缆还包括第二导体护套，第二导体护套位于所述第二导体和所述复合缆保护体之间。在光电复合缆包括第一导体护套和第二导体护套的情况下，第一导体护套和第二导体护套的颜色不同。
结合第一方面，在一种可替换的实现方式中，光单元加强件为光纤、钢丝、芳纶或玻璃纤维增强塑料。
本申请实施例第二方面提供了一种光电系统，该系统包括第一设备、第二设备以及连接于第一设备和第二设备之间的光电复合缆，光电复合缆为上述第一方面或第一方面的任一种可替换的实现方式中的光电复合缆。
其中，第一设备用于输出第一光信号，光电复合缆用于传输第一光信号，第二设备用于接收通过光电复合缆传输的第一光信号。和/或，第二设备用于输出第二光信号，光电复合缆用于传输第二光信号，第一设备用于接收通过光电复合缆传输的第二光信号。
结合第二方面，在一种可替换实现方式中，第一设备还可以用于输出电信号，光电复合缆还可以用于传输电信号，第二设备还可以用于接收通过光电复合缆传输的电信号。
本申请实施例第三方面提供了另一种光电系统，该系统包括第三设备、第四设备以及连接于第三设备和第四设备之间的光电复合缆，光电复合缆为上述第一方面或第一方面的任一种可替换的实现方式中的光电复合缆。
其中，第三设备用于输出电信号，光电复合缆用于传输电信号，第四设备用于接收通过光电复合缆传输的电信号。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是目前的一种光电复合缆的横截面示意图；
图2a是本申请实施例提供的一种光网络示意图；
图2b是本申请实施例提供的另一种光网络示意图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的光电复合缆的横截面的外轮廓示意图；
图4－图14是本申请实施例提供的光电复合缆的横截面示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请实施例提供了一种光电复合缆以及光电系统，该光电复合缆在使用过程中可以被拆解分离为独立的光缆和独立的电缆(包括两条各包含一条导线的电缆)，且在光缆和电缆拆解分离后，两条各包含一条导线的电缆可以处于分离状态，也可以处于一体的连接状态，不同的状态可以灵活地满足不同的敷设场景，避免了互相扭转、难以分离、以及不易绑扎固定等问题，进而降低了线缆敷设的难度。
在具体介绍本申请实施例提供光电复合缆之前，首先介绍本申请中光电复合缆的应用场景。本申请实施例提供的光电复合缆可以应用于任意光网络、电网络、以及光电网络中。以光网络为例，该光电复合缆可以应用在任意一种FTTx(fiber to the x，光纤到x)的光网络中，FTTx可以是FTTH(fiber to the home，光纤到户)，还可以是FTTC(fiber to the curb，光纤到路边)、FTTP(fiber to the premises，光纤到驻地)、FTTN(fiber to the node or neighborhood，光纤到节点)、FTTO(fiber to the office，光纤到办公室)或FTTSA(fiber to the service area，光纤到服务区)等。
比如，参阅图2a，图2a是本申请实施例提供的一种光网络示意图，在FTTH中，随着用户家庭中接入设备(如IOT(internet of things，物联网)设备)的种类和数量越来越多，可以进一步在家庭内使用FTTR(fiber to the room，光纤到房间)的组网方式，如图2a所示，可以将作为10G－PON(passive optical network，无源光网络)的光网关的OLT(optical line terminal，光线路终端)安装于用户室内，并在用户室内通过主ONU、分光器、ATB(access terminal box，接入终端盒)等设备连接位于室内不同房间中的边缘ONT(optical network terminal，光网络终端)，实现将光缆进一步敷设至室内的各个房间，各个房间中的接入设备如VR(virtual reality，虚拟现实)眼镜、可联网空调、摄像头、平板电脑、扫地机器人等设备，可以连接基于边缘ONT建立的WiFi(wireless fidelity，无线高保真)网络，形成一个完整的家庭网络。
在图2a所示的光网络中，家庭中各个房间中的ONT既要连接用于传输光信号的光纤，又要连接用于供电的电缆，因此，一种示例中，本申请实施例的光电复合缆可用于家庭中主ONU和各个房间的ONT之间的全部或部分线路中，在主ONU和一个边缘ONU之间通过敷设一路光电复合缆即可实现对该边缘ONU的供电以及光网络的接入。
又如，参阅图2b，图2b是本申请实施例提供的另一种光网络示意图，在企业、园区或工业厂区中，安防设备、联网设备、AR设备的种类和数量等也越来越多，可以通过全光网络的部署保证这些设备网络的稳定，如图2b所示，可以将作为光网关的OLT通过分光器等设备与部署在企业、园区或工业厂区中不同位置的接入设备，如天花板AP(access point，接入点)设备、园区摄像头设备、5G室分设备等连接，形成一个全光接入网络。
在图2b所示的光网络中，各种接入设备既要连接用于传输光信号的光纤，又要连接用于供电的电缆，因此，一种示例中，本申请实施例的光电复合缆可用于企业、园区或工业厂区中OLT和各个接入设备之间的全部或部分线路中，在OLT和一个接入设备之间通过敷设一路光电复合缆即可实现对该接入设备的供电以及光网络的接入。
应理解，图2a和图2b为本申请实施例的光电复合缆的示例性应用场景，该光电复合缆还可以应用于其他场景的网络或系统中，此处不再穷举。
下面介绍本申请实施例提供的光电复合缆，需要说明的是，本申请实施例中的“横截面”是指与光电复合缆的轴向(也就是延伸方向)相垂直的面。
本申请实施例提供的光电复合缆包括复合缆保护体1、第一撕裂单元2、第二撕裂单元3、第一光纤4、光单元加强件5、第一导体6和第二导体7。其中，第一撕裂单元2和第二撕裂 单元3用于沿第一撕裂面分离复合缆保护体1，第一光纤4、光单元加强件5、第一导体6和第二导体7在复合缆保护体1内部沿光电复合缆的轴向延伸。第一光纤4和光单元加强件5位于第一撕裂面的一侧，第一导体6和第二导体7位于第一撕裂面的另外一侧，且第一导体6和第二导体7之间互相分离。
该光电复合缆可以通过第一撕裂单元2和第二撕裂单元3，沿第一撕裂面将该光电复合缆分离为两部分。其中的一部分包括第一光纤4及其周围的复合缆保护体、以及光单元加强件5及其周围的复合缆保护体，该部分形成可以用于传输光信号的光单元(也就是光缆)。其中的另一部分包括第一导体6及其周围的复合缆保护体、以及第二导体7及其周围的复合缆保护体，该部分形成可以用于传输电信号的电单元(也就是电缆)，其中，电单元包括由第一导体6及其周围的复合缆保护体形成的一条电缆，和由第二导体7及其周围的复合缆保护体形成的另一条电缆，这两条电缆可以处于分离状态，也可以处于一体连接状态，两条电缆不同的状态可以灵活地满足不同的敷设场景，避免了互相扭转、难以分离、以及不易绑扎固定等问题，降低了线缆敷设的难度。
下面可以结合图3－图14具体介绍本申请实施例提供的光电复合缆的多种可替换实现方式，其中，图3是本申请实施例提供的光电复合缆的横截面的外轮廓示意图，图4－图14是本申请实施例提供的光电复合缆的横截面示意图。需要说明的是，图4－图13是为了展示光电复合缆中各个组件或结构的位置、形状等的附图，图中所示的各个组件的相对大小不应理解为对各个组件或结构的尺寸的限制。比如，如图5中，即使图5中所示的第一导体6的直径和第二导体7的直径相对于第一光纤4的直径较小，但实际中，第一导体6的直径和第二导体7的直径可以大于第一光纤4的直径，也可以等于第一光纤4的直径，还可以等于第一光纤4的直径。具体的：
一种可替换实现方式中，该光电复合缆的横截面的外轮廓为多边形。也就是说，该外轮廓为由三条或三条以上的线段首尾相连组成的平面图形。多条横截面的外轮廓为多边形的光电复合缆在固定捆扎时，光电复合缆之间可以更稳定地耦合，不易滑落，便于光电复合缆更稳固地敷设和固定。
进一步的，该光电复合缆的横截面的外轮廓为矩形(包括正方形)，该矩形可以是直角矩形，也可以是圆角矩形。多条横截面的外轮廓为矩形的光电复合缆在一起固定捆扎时，光电复合缆之间可以更紧密地耦合，减小光电复合缆之间的空隙，提高敷设空间的利用率。
应理解，光电复合缆的横截面的外轮廓可以指该横截面的轮廓，也可以指该横截面的最外侧的线条或其所在的直线围成的轮廓。比如，直角矩形的横截面的轮廓与外轮廓相同，均为直角矩形。又如，圆角矩形的轮廓为圆角矩形，其外轮廓可以是其轮廓中直线段部分所在的四条直线围成的直角矩形。又如，可以结合图3进行介绍，图3中3a和3b示出了两种光电复合缆的横截面的外轮廓为矩形的情况，为便于介绍，图中省略了光电复合缆中的第一光纤4、光单元加强件5、第一导体6和第二导体7。其中，3a所示的光电复合缆的横截面的外轮廓，也就是该横截面由线段AB、线段BC、线段CD和线段DA围成的矩形ABCD。3b所示的光电复合缆的横截面的轮廓是由线段EF、线段FG、线段GH、线段HI、线段IJ、线段JK、线段KL、线段LM、线段MN和线段NE围成的多边形，其中，该横截面最外侧的线条包括线段EF、线段FG、线段IJ、线段JK、线段KL、和线段NE，因此，该横截面的外轮廓是由线段EF所在的直线、线段FG和线段IJ共同所在的直线、线段JK所在的直线、以及线段KL和线段NE共同所在的直线围成的矩形EFJK。
更进一步的，若光电复合缆的复合缆保护体1沿第一撕裂面分离后，形成独立的光单元 和电单元，光单元和/或电单元的横截面的外轮廓为多边形，如矩形等，在光单元或电单元在独立使用过程中，可以使光单元之间或电单元之间更稳定地耦合，不易滑落，便于其更稳固地敷设和固定，同时，光单元之间或电单元之间可以更紧密地耦合，提高敷设空间的利用率。
一种可替换实现方式中，复合缆保护体1可以是由PVC(polyvinylchlorid，聚氯乙烯树脂)、TPU(thermoplastic polyurethanes，热塑性聚氨酯弹性体橡胶)、氟树脂或LSZH(low smoke zero halogen，低烟无卤)材料等材料制备而成。
一种可替换实现方式中，第一光纤4可以为裸光纤或者为具有二次被覆结构的紧套光纤。若第一光纤4为紧套光纤，也就是复合缆保护体1与裸光纤之间有一层紧套材料，该紧套材料可以为PVC、TPU或LSZH材料等。
一种可替换实现方式中，第一光纤4可以是单模光纤或者为多模光纤。
一种可替换实现方式中，第一光纤4可以为单芯光纤或者为多芯光纤。若第一光纤4为多芯光纤，其具体可以为纤芯并列排布的带纤、纤芯呈环状排列的环形光纤、纤芯呈矩形排列的矩形光纤等。比如，参阅图4，如图4所示光电复合缆的横截面所示，第一光纤4可以为多芯的带纤。
一种可替换实现方式中，第一导体6和/或第二导体7可以是由退火无氧铜、铜包钢或铝合金等材料制备而成。第一导体6和/或第二导体7的制备材料可以相同，也可以不相同。
一种可替换实现方式中，光单元加强件5可以通过光纤、钢丝、芳纶(如KFRP(kevlar fiberglass reinforced plastic，凯芙拉加强纤维))或GFRP(glass fiber reinforced plastic，玻璃纤维增强塑料)等材料实现。若光单元加强件5是光纤，该光纤也可以用于传输光信号。
进一步的，光单元加强件5可以包括一个或多个。比如，光单元加强件5可以包括两个，从光电复合缆的横截面的视角来看，这两个光单元加强件5可以分布在第一光纤4的两侧。若光单元加强件5包括多个，各个光单元加强件5的实现材料可以相同，也可以不相同。
第一撕裂单元2和第二撕裂单元3也可以有多种可替换实现方式，示例性介绍两种：
第一撕裂单元2和第二撕裂单元3的一种可替换实现方式中，第一撕裂单元2和第二撕裂单元3为撕裂槽，第一撕裂单元2和第二撕裂单元3可以相对设置于第一撕裂面沿光电复合缆的轴向延伸的两个边沿。其中，第一撕裂单元2和第二撕裂单元3这两个撕裂槽沿光电复合缆的轴向延伸，撕裂槽的横截面可以为V型、U型、线性、矩形等等，具体形状不做限定。需要说明的是，若撕裂槽的横截面为V型，该撕裂槽可以是内槽面为两个平面的V型槽，也可以是内槽面为两个曲面的V型槽。此外，第一撕裂单元2和第二撕裂单元3这两个撕裂槽的横截面可以相同，也可以不相同。
参阅图5，以图5所示的光电复合缆为例进行介绍，如图5所示光电复合缆的横截面所示，该光电复合缆的横截面的外轮廓(这里横截面的外轮廓是指由横截面的最外侧的线条或其所在的直线围成的轮廓)为矩形，光单元加强件5包括两个，两个光单元加强件5分布于第一光纤4的两侧，第一撕裂单元2和第二撕裂单元3均为横截面为V型的撕裂槽。
第一撕裂单元2和第二撕裂单元3的另一可替换实现方式中，第一撕裂单元2和第二撕裂单元3为撕裂绳，第一撕裂单元2和第二撕裂单元3可以位于第一撕裂面内，且第一撕裂单元2和第二撕裂单元3在第一撕裂面内存在第一间距。第一间距可以是大于零、且小于第一撕裂面沿光电复合缆的轴向延伸的两个边沿之间间距的任意间距。其中，第一撕裂单元2和第二撕裂单元3这两条撕裂绳沿光电复合缆的轴向延伸，第一间距的设置可以使得这两条撕裂绳处于互相平行的状态，而不是互相重叠的状态，平行的两条撕裂绳决定了第一撕裂面 所在平面的位置，保证两条撕裂绳可以分别受到沿第一撕裂面的两个相反方向作用力时，复合缆保护体可以沿着第一撕裂面被分离为两部分。
参阅图6，以图6所示的光电复合缆为例进行介绍，如图6所示的光电复合缆的横截面所示，该光电复合缆的横截面的外轮廓(这里横截面的外轮廓即横截面的轮廓)为矩形，光单元加强件5包括两个，两个光单元加强件5分布于第一光纤4的两侧，第一撕裂单元2和第二撕裂单元3为存在间距的两条撕裂绳。
一种可替换实现方式中，光电复合缆还可以包括第一空隙8，第一空隙8在复合缆保护体1内沿光电复合缆的轴向延伸，且第一撕裂面所在的平面穿过第一空隙8。第一空隙8的横截面的形状不做限定，比如可以是圆形、椭圆形、三角形、矩形或不规则图形等。更进一步的，第一空隙8可以包括一个或多个，在第一空隙8包括多个的情况下，第一撕裂面所在的平面穿过各个第一空隙8。一方面来说，第一空隙8的设置可以减轻光电复合缆的总体重量，便于光电复合缆的运输、架设等，另一方面，在通过第一撕裂单元2和第二撕裂单元3在受到沿第一撕裂面进行剥离的作用力时，第一空隙8可以引导复合缆保护体沿着第一撕裂面进行分离，提高光电复合缆中电缆和光缆分离的成功率。
参阅图7，以图7所示的光电复合缆为例进行介绍，如图7所示的光电复合缆的横截面所示，该光电复合缆的第一撕裂单元2和第二撕裂单元3为在光电复合缆表面相对设置的两个V型撕裂槽，在图7所示的视角下，第一撕裂单元2的内槽面中最右侧的槽底，与第二撕裂单元3的内槽面中最左侧的槽底之间的连接面可以是第一撕裂面，第一空隙8有一个，设置于第一撕裂单元2和第二撕裂单元3之间，且第一撕裂面所在的平面穿过第一空隙8。
进一步的，一种可替换的实现方式中，光电复合缆还包括复合缆加强件，该复合缆加强件填充于第一空隙8中。在第一空隙8包括多个的情况下，可以在各个第一空隙8中均填充复合缆加强件，也可以在其中部分第一空隙8中填充复合缆加强件。其中，该复合缆加强件可以通过光纤、钢丝、KFRP或GFRP等材料实现，通过在第一空隙8中填充复合缆加强件，可以提高光电复合缆的强度，降低光电复合缆的折损率，也可以提高光电复合缆在传输光信号时的可靠性。更进一步的，若复合缆保护体1沿第一撕裂面撕裂后，第一空隙8中的复合缆加强件从第一空隙8脱落，脱落后的复合缆加强件可以用于捆绑固定线缆，也可以被剪断等。
一种可替代实现方式中，光电复合缆还包括第一导体护套和/或第二导体护套，其中，第一导体护套可以位于第一导体6和复合缆保护体1之间，第二导体护套可以位于第二导体7和复合缆保护体1之间。在光电复合缆包括第一导体护套和第二导体护套的情况下，第一导体护套和第二导体护套的颜色不同。第一导体护套可以对第一导体6进行保护，第二导体保护套可以对第二导体7进行保护，提高第一导体6和第二导体7的耐用性。此外，第一导体护套和第二导体护套不同的颜色，可以用于区分第一导体6和第二导体7分别形成的电缆的极性(如正极和负极)，提高便利性。
一种可替代实现方式中，光电复合缆还可以包括第三撕裂单元9和第四撕裂单元10，第三撕裂单元9和第四撕裂单元10用于沿第二撕裂面分离复合缆保护体1。
进一步的，第三撕裂单元9和第四撕裂单元10可以为撕裂槽，且相对设置于第二撕裂面沿光电复合缆的轴向延伸的两个边沿。或者，第三撕裂单元9和第四撕裂单元10为撕裂绳，且位于第二撕裂面内。在第三撕裂单元9和第四撕裂单元10为撕裂绳的情况下，第三撕裂单元9可以包括多条撕裂绳，或，第四撕裂单元10可以包括多条撕裂绳，或，第三撕裂单元9和第四撕裂单元10均包括多条撕裂绳。在第二撕裂面内，第三撕裂单元9和第四撕裂单元 10中的多条撕裂绳可以分布于第一撕裂面的两侧，位于第一撕裂面两侧的撕裂绳可以分别用于分离光单元中的第一光纤4，以及将电单元分离为两条电缆，具体示例可参阅下文中针对图9的介绍。
更进一步的，光电复合缆中包括的撕裂绳可以设置为不同颜色的撕裂绳。
比如，在第一撕裂单元2、第二撕裂单元3、第三撕裂单元9和第四撕裂单元10均为撕裂绳的情况下，第一撕裂单元2和第三撕裂单元3可以为第一颜色的撕裂绳，第三撕裂单元9和第四撕裂单元10可以为第二颜色的撕裂绳，第一颜色和第二颜色不同。通过不同颜色的撕裂绳区分用于沿第一撕裂面分离复合缆保护体1的撕裂绳和用于沿第二撕裂面分离复合缆保护体1的撕裂绳，提高将光电复合缆分离为光缆和电缆的便利性和分离成功率。
又如，在第一撕裂单元2、第二撕裂单元3、第三撕裂单元9和第四撕裂单元10均为撕裂绳，且第三撕裂单元9包括多条撕裂绳，第四撕裂单元10包括多条撕裂绳的情况下，第一撕裂单元2和第二撕裂单元3可以为第三颜色的撕裂绳，第二撕裂平面内的位于第一撕裂面一侧的撕裂绳为第四颜色，第二撕裂平面内的位于第一撕裂面另一侧的撕裂绳为第五颜色，第三颜色、第四颜色和第五颜色互不相同。通过不同颜色的撕裂绳区分用于沿第一撕裂面分离复合缆保护体1的撕裂绳、用于沿第二撕裂面剥离第一光纤4的撕裂绳、以及用于沿第二撕裂面分离电缆的撕裂绳，提高将光电复合缆分离为光缆和电缆的便利性和分离成功率。
其中，第三撕裂单元9和第四撕裂单元10在光电复合缆中的位置可以有多种，不同的位置下第三撕裂单元9和第四撕裂单元10可以实现不同的功能，也就是说，由第三撕裂单元9和第四撕裂单元10确定的第二撕裂面的位置也可以有不同种，下面结合第二撕裂面的位置进行示例性介绍。
第一种示例中，第一导体6和第二导体7分别位于第二撕裂面的两侧，且第二撕裂面所在的平面穿过第一光纤4。由于第一导体6和第二导体7位于第二撕裂面的两侧，因此，在通过第三撕裂单元9和第四撕裂单元10将复合缆保护体1沿第二撕裂面分离后，可以将第一导体6及其周围的复合缆保护体1形成一条电缆，将第二导体7及其周围的复合缆保护体1形成另外一条电缆，实现了将一条包含两条导线的电缆分离成两条各自包含一条导线的电缆。此外，由于第二撕裂面所在的平面穿过第一光纤4，因此，在通过第三撕裂单元9和第四撕裂单元10将复合缆保护体1沿第二撕裂面分离后，可以将第一光纤4从复合缆保护体1中剥离出来，进而剥离出的第一光纤1可以用于进行接续等。
比如，参阅图8，以图8为例进行介绍，如图8所示的光电复合缆的横截面所示，第一撕裂单元2和第二撕裂单元3为在光电复合缆表面相对设置的两个V型槽，第三撕裂单元9和第四撕裂单元10为在光电复合缆表面相对设置的两个V型撕裂槽，在图8所示的视角下，第一撕裂单元2的内槽面中最右侧的槽底，与第二撕裂单元3的内槽面中最左侧的槽底之间的连接面可以是第一撕裂面，第三撕裂单元9的内槽面中最下面的槽底，与第四撕裂单元10的内槽面中最上侧的槽底之间的连接面可以是第二撕裂面。第一撕裂面和第二撕裂面可以在第一空隙8处相交。
针对图8所示的光电复合缆，第一种示例性的使用场景中，可以分别向第一撕裂单元2和第二撕裂单元3施以沿第一撕裂面进行剥离的作用力，使复合缆保护体1沿第一撕裂面进行分离，在如图8所示的视角下，第一撕裂面以上的部分(包含第一光纤4和光单元加强件5)形成光缆，第一撕裂面以下的部分(包括第一导体6和第二导体7)形成电缆，光缆和电缆可以独立地进行敷设。
针对图8所示的光电复合缆，第二种示例性的使用场景中，可以分别向第一撕裂单元2 和第二撕裂单元3施以沿第一撕裂面进行剥离的作用力，并分别向第三撕裂单元9和第四撕裂单元10施以沿第二撕裂面进行剥离的作用力，使复合缆保护体1沿第一撕裂面和第二撕裂面均进行分离，那么复合缆保护体1被分离为四个部分。在如图8所示的视角下，位于第一撕裂面左侧及第二撕裂面上侧的复合缆保护体1、与位于第一撕裂面右侧及第二撕裂面上侧的复合缆保护体1分离后，第一光纤4裸露出来，可以用于接续。在如图8所示的视角下，位于第一撕裂面左侧及第二撕裂面下侧的复合缆保护体1、与位于第一撕裂面右侧及第二撕裂面下侧的复合缆保护体1分离后，形成第一电缆(第一导体6、以及位于第一撕裂面左侧及第二撕裂面下侧的复合缆保护体1形成的电缆)和第二电缆(第二导体7、以及位于第一撕裂面右侧及第二撕裂面下侧的复合缆保护体1形成的电缆)，第一电缆和第二电缆可以独立地进行敷设或连接不同的电信号接口(如分别连接零线和火线)。
又如，参阅图9，以图9为例进行介绍，如图9所示的光电复合缆的横截面所示，第一撕裂单元2和第二撕裂单元3为撕裂绳，这两条撕裂绳位于第一撕裂面所在的平面内，第三撕裂单元9和第四撕裂单元10为撕裂绳，第三撕裂单元9包括两条撕裂绳，第四撕裂单元10包括两条撕裂绳，这四条撕裂绳位于第二撕裂面所在的平面内。第一撕裂面和第二撕裂面可以在第一空隙8处相交。
针对图9所示的光电复合缆，第一种示例性的使用场景中，可以分别向第一撕裂单元2和第二撕裂单元3施以沿着第一撕裂面方向相反的作用力，可以使第一撕裂单元2和第二撕裂单元3撕裂至复合缆保护体1的表面，复合缆保护体1沿着第一撕裂单元2和第二撕裂单元3撕裂的路径裂开，进而沿着复合缆保护体1裂开的缝隙可以完成复合缆保护体1沿第一撕裂面的彻底分离，在如图8所示的视角下，第一撕裂面以上的部分(包含第一光纤4和光单元加强件5)形成光缆，第一撕裂面以下的部分(包括第一导体6和第二导体7)形成电缆，光缆和电缆可以独立地进行敷设。
针对图9所示的光电复合缆，第二种示例性的使用场景中，可以先按照图9的第一种示例性的场景中沿第一撕裂面将光缆复合缆分离为独立的一条电缆(图9的视角中第一撕裂面所在的平面以下的部分)和独立的一条光缆(图9的视角中第一撕裂面所在的平面以上的部分)。进而，电缆和光缆分离后，可以向光缆中的第三撕裂单元9和第四撕裂单元10施以沿着第二撕裂面方向相反的作用力，可以使得光缆中的第三撕裂单元9和第四撕裂单元10这两条撕裂绳撕裂至光缆的表面，光缆沿着这两条撕裂绳撕裂的路径裂开，进而沿着光缆裂开的缝隙可以将光缆沿第二撕裂面彻底分离，从而可以将光缆中的第一光纤4分离出来，分离出来的第一光纤4用于接续等。此外，可以向电缆中的第三撕裂单元9和第四撕裂单元10这两条撕裂绳撕裂至电缆的表面，电缆沿着这两条撕裂绳撕裂的路径裂开，进而沿着电缆裂开的缝隙可以将该电缆沿第二撕裂面彻底分离，从而实现将一条包含两条导线的电缆分离成两条各自包含一条导线的电缆，分离得到的两条电缆可以独立地进行敷设或连接不同的电信号接口。
第二种示例中，第二撕裂面所在的平面穿过第一光纤4，第一导体6和第二导体7位于第二撕裂面的同一侧。由于第二撕裂面所在的平面穿过第一光纤4，因此，在通过第三撕裂单元9和第四撕裂单元10将复合缆保护体1沿第二撕裂面分离后，可以将第一光纤4从复合缆保护体中剥离出来，进而剥离出的第一光纤1可以用于进行接续等。其中，第一导体6和第二导体7所在的平面可以与第二撕裂面有任意角度，例如，二者可以互相垂直，或者互相平行等。
比如，参阅图10，以图10为例进行介绍，如图10所示的光电复合缆的横截面所示，该 光电复合缆中第一撕裂单元2和第二撕裂单元3为第一撕裂面中的两条撕裂绳，第三撕裂单元9和第四撕裂单元10为在光电复合缆表面相对设置的两个V型撕裂槽，在图10所示的视角下，第三撕裂单元9的内槽面中最右侧的槽底，与第四撕裂单元10的内槽面中最左侧的槽底之间的连接面可以是第二撕裂面。该光电复合缆还包括一V型槽11，该光电复合缆中第一空隙8的横截面为三角形，且该三角形的一个顶角与V型槽11的槽底相对。在图10所示的视角下，第一导体6和第二导体7均位于第二撕裂面的下侧。此外，第一空隙8与V型槽11的槽底相对的顶角、与V型槽11的槽底所在的平面的左右两侧，分别布设有第一导体6和第二导体7。
针对图10所示的光电复合缆，一种示例性的应用场景中，可以通过第一撕裂单元2和第二撕裂单元3，使得在如图10的视角下，该光电复合缆位于第一撕裂面下侧的部分(形成一条包含两条导线的电缆)，与位于第一撕裂面上侧的部分(形成一条光缆)分离。上述电缆和上述光缆分离后，通过第三撕裂单元9和第四撕裂单元10可以实现将一条包含两条导线的电缆，分离为两条各包含一条导线的电缆。通过第一空隙8的与V型槽11相对的顶角、以及V型槽11，可以将第一光纤4周围的复合缆保护体1剥离，剥离后裸露的第一光纤4可以用于接续等。
在第二种示例中，进一步的，光单元加强件5可以有两个，包括第一加强件51和第二加强件52，第一加强件51和第二加强件52分别位于第一光纤4的两侧，且第一加强件51的轴线、第二加强件52的轴线以及第一光纤4的轴线均位于第一平面内，第一导体6的轴线和第二导体7的轴线位于第二平面内，第一平面和第二平面互相平行或重合。
比如，参阅图11，以图11为例进行介绍，如图11所示的光电复合缆的横截面所示，该光电复合缆中第一撕裂单元2和第二撕裂单元3在光电复合缆表面相对设置的V型槽，第三撕裂单元9和第四撕裂单元10为在光电复合缆表面相对设置的V型槽，第一撕裂单元2、第二撕裂单元3、第三撕裂单元9和第四撕裂单元10是内槽面为曲面的V型槽。第一导体6和复合缆保护体1之间设有第一导体护套12，第二导体7和复合缆保护体1之间设有第二导体护套13，且第一导体护套12和第二导体护套13的颜色不相同。在图11所示的视角下，第一导体6和第二导体7均位于第二撕裂面的左侧。
针对图11所示的光电复合缆，一种示例性的应用场景中，可以通过第一撕裂单元2和第二撕裂单元3，使得在图11的视角下，该光电复合缆位于第一撕裂面左侧的部分(形成一条包含两条导线的电缆)，与位于第一撕裂面右侧的部分(形成一条光缆)分离。上述电缆和上述光缆分离后，可以通过第三撕裂单元9和第四撕裂单元10将第一光纤4周围的复合缆保护体1剥离，剥离后裸露的第一光纤4可以用于接续。由于第一导体护套12和第二导体护套13的设置，可以分别对第一导体6和第二导体7有保护功能，可以通过刀片等工具，将第一导体6周围的复合缆保护体1、与第二导体7及其周围的复合缆保护体1分离，将其分离为一条包含第一导体6的电缆和一条包含第二导体7的电缆。此外，通过第一导体护套12和第二导体护套13的颜色可以确定第一导体6和第二导体7的敷设位置或电信号接口等。
第三种示例中，第一导体6和第二导体7分别位于第二撕裂面的两侧，第一光纤4和光单元加强件5位于第二撕裂面的同一侧。由于第一导体6和第二导体7位于第二撕裂面的两侧，因此，在通过第三撕裂单元9和第四撕裂单元10将复合缆保护体1沿第二撕裂面分离后，可以将第一导体6及其周围的复合缆保护体1形成一条电缆，将第二导体7及其周围的复合缆保护体1形成另外一条电缆，实现了将一条包含两条导线的电缆分离成两条各自包含一条导线的电缆。
比如，参阅图12，以图12为例进行介绍，如图12所示的光电复合缆的横截面所示，该光电复合缆中第一撕裂单元2和第二撕裂单元3为第一撕裂面中的两条撕裂绳，第三撕裂单元9和第四撕裂单元10为第二撕裂面中的两条撕裂绳。该光电复合缆还包括一V型槽14，该光电复合缆中第一空隙8的横截面为三角形，且该三角形的一个顶角与V型槽14的槽底相对。在图12所示的视角下，第一光纤4和光单元加强件均位于第二撕裂面的上侧。此外，第一空隙8与V型槽14的槽底相对的顶角、与V型槽14的槽底所在的平面穿过第一光纤4。
针对图12所示的光电复合缆，一种示例性的应用场景中，可以通过第一撕裂单元2和第二撕裂单元3，使得在如图12的视角下，该光电复合缆位于第一撕裂面上侧的部分(形成一条包含两条导线的电缆)，与位于第一撕裂面下侧的部分(形成一条光缆)分离。上述电缆和上述光缆分离后，通过第三撕裂单元9和第四撕裂单元10，可以实现将一条包含两条导线的电缆，分离为两条各包含一条导线的电缆。还可以通过第一空隙8的与V型槽14相对的顶角、以及V型槽14，将第一光纤4周围的复合缆保护体剥离，剥离后裸露的第一光纤4可以用于接续。
又如，参见图13，以图13为例进行介绍，如图13所示的光电复合缆的横截面所示，该光电复合缆中第一撕裂单元2和第二撕裂单元3为该光电复合缆表面相对设置的两个V型槽，第三撕裂单元9和第四撕裂单元10为该光电复合缆表面相对设置的两个V型槽。第一撕裂单元2和第二撕裂单元3这两个V型槽各自的槽底所在的同一平面可以为第一撕裂面，第三撕裂单元9和第四撕裂单元10这两个V型槽各自的槽底所在的同一平面可以第二撕裂面。在图13所示的视角下，第一光纤4和光单元加强件均位于第二撕裂面的右侧。此外，该光电复合缆还包括一V型槽15和一V型槽16，在如图13的视角下，V型槽15和V型槽16各自的槽底所在的同一平面穿过第一光纤4。
针对图13所示的光电复合缆，一种示例性的应用场景中，可以通过第一撕裂单元2和第二撕裂单元3，使得在如图13的视角下，该光电复合缆位于第一撕裂面左侧的部分(形成一条包含两条导线的电缆)，与位于第一撕裂面右侧的部分(形成一条光缆)分离。上述电缆和上述光缆分离后，通过第三撕裂单元9和第四撕裂单元10，可以实现将一条包含两条导线的电缆，分离为两条各包含一条导线的电缆。还可以通过V型槽15和V型槽16，将第一光纤4周围的复合缆保护体剥离，剥离后裸露的第一光纤4可以用于接续等。
可以理解，本申请实施例提供的上述任意一种光电复合缆的横截面中，光单元和电单元的结构为非对称设计，因此可以通过光电复合缆的横截面中，电单元中第一导体6相对于光单元的位置，电单元中第二导体7相对于光单元的位置区分第一导体6形成的电缆和第二导体7形成的电缆的极性，无需通过在光电复合缆中设置颜色条来实现上述功能。
一些可替换实现方式中，光电复合缆中可以包括电极标识结构，电极标识结构用于区分第一导体6形成的电缆和第二导体7形成的电缆的极性。电极标识结构可以是颜色条，可以是光电复合缆内部的空隙结构，可以是光电复合缆表面的凹槽，等等。电极标识结构可以在复合缆保护体1内部沿光电复合缆的轴向延伸，且电极标识结构在复合缆保护体1内部，与第一导体和第二导体位于第一撕裂面的同一侧。
比如，参阅图14，以图14为例进行介绍，如图14所示的光电复合缆的横截面所示，在图14所示的视角下，第一导体6的左侧设置有电极标识结构17，该横截面中的其他组件和结构可以参阅图13中相应的描述。在第一撕裂面撕裂后，在图14所示的视角下，第一撕裂面左侧的部分可以形成一条包含两条导线的电缆，该电缆可以是以第二撕裂面为对称轴的对称结构，电极标识结构17位于对称轴以外的位置，可以有效区分第一导体6形成的电缆和第 二导体7形成的电缆的极性。
需要说明的是，针对上述任意一种光电复合缆，在理想情况下，如材质均匀、受力均匀的情况下，其中的第一撕裂面和/或第二撕裂面可以为平面，但在实际使用中，可能由于材质不均匀、受力不均匀等情况下，第一撕裂面和/或第二撕裂面也可以为曲面。
本申请实施例还提供了一种光电系统，该系统包括第一设备、第二设备和连接于第一设备和第二设备之间的光电复合缆。其中：
该光电复合缆可以为本申请上述实施例中提供的任意一种光电复合缆，比如，可以为图4－图14中的任意一种光电复合缆。
第一设备用于输出第一光信号，光电复合缆用于传输第一光信号，第二设备用于接收通过光电复合缆传输的第一光信号；和/或，第二设备用于输出第二光信号，光电复合缆用于传输第二光信号，第一设备用于接收通过光电复合缆传输的第二光信号。
可选的，第一设备还可以用于输出电信号，光电复合缆还可以用于传输电信号，第二设备还可以用于接收通过光电复合缆传输的电信号。
本申请实施例还提供了一种光电系统，该系统包括第三设备、第四设备以及连接于第三设备和第四设备之间的光电复合缆。其中：
该光电复合缆可以为本申请上述实施例中提供的任意一种光电复合缆，比如，可以为图4－图14中的任意一种光电复合缆。
第三设备用于输出电信号，光电复合缆用于传输电信号，第四设备用于接收通过光电复合缆传输的电信号。
需要说明的是，在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有说明，“/”表示或的意思，例如，A/B可以表示A或B；本文中的“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，在本申请实施例的描述中，“多个”是指两个或多于两个。
本申请的说明书和权利要求书及所述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”和“第四”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。例如包含了一系列步骤或设备的过程、方法、系统或产品没有限定于已列出的步骤或设备，而是可选的还包括没有列出的步骤或设备，或可选的还包括对于这些过程、方法或产品固有的其它步骤或设备。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种光电复合缆，其特征在于，包括复合缆保护体、第一撕裂单元、第二撕裂单元、第一光纤、光单元加强件、第一导体和第二导体；
    所述第一撕裂单元和第二撕裂单元用于沿第一撕裂面分离所述复合缆保护体；
    所述第一光纤、所述光单元加强件、所述第一导体和所述第二导体在所述复合缆保护体内部沿所述光电复合缆的轴向延伸；
    所述第一光纤和所述光单元加强件位于所述第一撕裂面的一侧，所述第一导体和所述第二导体位于所述第一撕裂面的另外一侧，且所述第一导体和所述第二导体之间互相分离。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光电复合缆，其特征在于，所述光电复合缆还包括第一空隙，所述第一空隙在所述复合缆保护体内沿所述光电复合缆的轴向延伸，所述第一撕裂面所在的平面穿过所述第一空隙。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的光电复合缆，其特征在于，所述光电复合缆还包括复合缆加强件，所述复合缆加强件填充于所述第一空隙中。
  4. 根据权利要求1－3中任一所述的光电复合缆，其特征在于，所述光电复合缆的横截面的外轮廓为多边形。
  5. 根据权利要求1－4中任一所述的光电复合缆，其特征在于，所述第一撕裂单元和所述第二撕裂单元为撕裂槽，所述第一撕裂单元和所述第二撕裂单元相对设置于所述第一撕裂面沿所述光电复合缆的轴向延伸的两个边沿。
  6. 根据权利要求1－4中任一所述的光电复合缆，其特征在于，所述第一撕裂单元和所述第二撕裂单元均为撕裂绳，所述第一撕裂单元和所述第二撕裂单元位于所述第一撕裂面内，且所述第一撕裂单元和所述第二撕裂单元在所述第一撕裂面内存在第一间距。
  7. 根据权利要求1－6中任一项所述的光电复合缆，其特征在于，所述光电复合缆还包括第三撕裂单元和第四撕裂单元，所述第三撕裂单元和所述第四撕裂单元用于沿第二撕裂面分离所述复合缆保护体。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的光电复合缆，其特征在于，所述第一导体和所述第二导体分别位于所述第二撕裂面两侧，所述第二撕裂面所在的平面穿过所述第一光纤。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的光电复合缆，其特征在于，所述第二撕裂面所在的平面穿过所述第一光纤，所述第一导体和所述第二导体位于所述第二撕裂面的同一侧。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的光电复合缆，其特征在于，所述光单元加强件包括第一加强件和第二加强件，所述第一加强件和所述第二加强件分别位于所述第一光纤的两侧，且所述 第一加强件的轴线、所述第二加强件的轴线和所述第一光纤的轴线均位于第一平面内；所述第一导体的轴线和所述第二导体的轴线位于第二平面内；所述第一平面与所述第二平面平行或重合。
  11. 根据权利要求7所述的光电复合缆，其特征在于，所述第一导体和所述第二导体分别位于所述第二撕裂面的两侧，所述第一光纤和所述光单元加强件位于所述第二撕裂面的同一侧。
  12. 根据权利要求1－11中任一项所述的光电复合缆，其特征在于，所述光电复合缆还包括第一导体护套，第一导体护套位于所述第一导体与所述复合缆保护体之间；
    和/或，
    所述光电复合缆还包括第二导体护套，所述第二导体护套位于所述第二导体和所述复合缆保护体之间；
    在所述光电复合缆包括所述第一导体护套和所述第二导体护套的情况下，所述第一导体护套和所述第二导体护套的颜色不同。
  13. 一种光电系统，其特征在于，所述系统包括第一设备、第二设备以及连接于所述第一设备和所述第二设备之间的光电复合缆，所述光电复合缆为权利要求1－12中任一所述的光电复合缆；
    所述第一设备用于输出第一光信号，所述光电复合缆用于传输所述第一光信号，所述第二设备用于接收通过所述光电复合缆传输的所述第一光信号；
    和/或，
    所述第二设备用于输出第二光信号，所述光电复合缆用于传输所述第二光信号，所述第一设备用于接收通过所述光电复合缆传输的所述第二光信号。
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