WO2022219807A1 - 吸音材及び車両部材 - Google Patents
吸音材及び車両部材 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022219807A1 WO2022219807A1 PCT/JP2021/015719 JP2021015719W WO2022219807A1 WO 2022219807 A1 WO2022219807 A1 WO 2022219807A1 JP 2021015719 W JP2021015719 W JP 2021015719W WO 2022219807 A1 WO2022219807 A1 WO 2022219807A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- sound absorbing
- absorbing material
- protective layer
- resin
- Prior art date
Links
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Images
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- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
- B32B2262/105—Ceramic fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
- B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
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- B32B2266/0242—Acrylic resin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2266/0264—Polyester
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2266/0278—Polyurethane
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/04—Inorganic
- B32B2266/057—Silicon-containing material, e.g. glass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2274/00—Thermoplastic elastomer material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
- B32B2307/102—Insulating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/536—Hardness
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/54—Yield strength; Tensile strength
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
- B32B2307/737—Dimensions, e.g. volume or area
- B32B2307/7375—Linear, e.g. length, distance or width
- B32B2307/7376—Thickness
Definitions
- the present invention relates to sound absorbing materials and vehicle members.
- Patent Document 1 As a sound absorbing material with excellent sound absorbing properties in the low frequency range, a sound absorbing material formed by stacking two layers of nonwoven fabric or the like is known (for example, Patent Document 1).
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a sound absorbing material that has excellent sound absorbing properties and durability in the low frequency range. Another object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle member including the sound absorbing material.
- the protective layer may be a layer containing an elastomer.
- the protective layer may be a nonwoven fabric.
- the sound absorbing material may further include a resin layer between the protective layer and the first base material layer.
- the resin layer may contain polyolefin, polyester, or polyamide.
- the sound absorbing material may further include a metal deposition layer on at least one surface of the resin layer.
- the first base material layer and the second base material layer may be resin foams or nonwoven fabrics.
- the thickness of the first base layer may be thinner than the thickness of the second base layer.
- the sound absorbing material may have a thickness of 1 to 100 mm.
- One aspect of the present invention relates to a vehicle member provided with the above sound absorbing material.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a sound absorbing material that has excellent sound absorbing properties and durability in the low frequency range. Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a vehicle member provided with the sound absorbing material.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sound absorbing material according to one embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sound absorbing material according to one embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sound absorbing material according to one embodiment.
- the sound absorbing material 10 includes a protective layer 1, and a first base material layer 2 having communication holes as base material layers and a second base material layer 3 having communication holes in this order. Sound (acoustic energy) incident from the protective layer side is dissipated as heat energy when passing through the sound absorbing material. This causes sound attenuation to be observed.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sound absorbing material according to one embodiment.
- the sound absorbing material 20 includes a protective layer 1, a resin layer 4, and a first base material layer 2 having communication holes as base material layers and a second base material layer 3 having communication holes in this order.
- Base material layer examples of the substrate layer having communicating pores include resin foam, nonwoven fabric, polymeric porous material, porous ceramic, and the like.
- the base material layer may be a resin foam or a non-woven fabric from the viewpoint of excellent sound absorption properties in a low frequency range.
- the first base material layer and the second base material layer may be composed of the same material, or may be composed of different materials.
- resin foams examples include polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, polyurethane resin, polyester resin, acrylic resin, polystyrene resin, melamine resin, silicone resin, natural rubber, and synthetic rubber. From the viewpoint of heat resistance, flame retardancy, etc., the material of the resin foam may be melamine resin.
- the fibers that make up the nonwoven fabric include organic fibers and inorganic fibers.
- organic fibers include polyethylene (low density or high density), polypropylene (PP), copolymer polyethylene, polyolefin fibers such as copolymer polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polytrimethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene
- polyester fibers such as phthalate and polybutylene naphthalate
- polyamide fibers acrylic fibers, nylon fibers, rayon fibers, and natural fibers such as wool.
- inorganic fibers include glass fibers, metal fibers, ceramic fibers, and carbon fibers.
- the fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric can contain one or more of these.
- the thickness of the base layer may be 0.1 to 50 mm, may be 0.5 to 20 mm, or may be 2.0 to 10 mm, from the viewpoint of excellent sound absorption properties in the low frequency range. good.
- the first substrate layer and the second substrate layer may have the same thickness or may have different thicknesses.
- the thickness of the first base layer (the base layer on the sound incident side) may be thinner than the thickness of the second base layer from the viewpoint of excellent sound absorption properties in the low frequency range.
- the basis weight of the base layer can be 50 to 2000 g/m 2 , and may be 100 to 1000 g/m 2 from the viewpoint of excellent sound absorption properties in the low frequency range.
- the sound absorbing material may further include another base material layer having communicating holes from the viewpoint of excellent sound absorbing properties in the low frequency range. That is, in addition to the first base material layer having communication holes and the second base material layer having communication holes, the sound absorbing material further includes a third base material layer having communication holes, a fourth base material layer having communication holes, and the like. may be provided. Each base material layer may be composed of the same material, or may be composed of different materials.
- the flexibility and toughness value is a characteristic value set by focusing on the impact absorption per unit thickness of the protective layer and the impact durability.
- the impact absorption per unit thickness can be evaluated based on the Shore A hardness, and the impact durability can be evaluated based on the tensile modulus. Show that you are strong.
- the tensile modulus is measured by a tensile tester. Specifically, a sample of 20 mm ⁇ 50 mm is prepared, and the tensile modulus is defined as the maximum elastic modulus at 25° C. when the sample is pulled at a tensile speed of 100 mm/min using a tensile tester. Although there is no particular limitation as long as the above formula is satisfied, the tensile modulus can be 1 to 2000 MPa from the viewpoint of durability, and may be 10 to 1000 MPa.
- Shore A hardness is measured by a durometer (type A). Specifically, a sample of 20 mm ⁇ 50 mm is prepared, the samples are stacked so as to have a thickness of 1 mm or more, and left at rest in an environment of 25° C. for 1 hour.
- the Shore A hardness is the value within 1 second (or the value indicated immediately after the measurement) when the hardness of the sample after standing is measured with a durometer.
- the Shore A hardness can be 20 to 95 from the viewpoint of durability, and may be 30 to 92.
- the thickness of the protective layer is measured by a thickness gauge. Although there is no particular limitation as long as the above formula is satisfied, the thickness of the protective layer can be 10 to 2000 ⁇ m from the viewpoint of durability, and may be 50 to 500 ⁇ m.
- Methods for adjusting the elastic modulus and Shore A hardness include adjusting the density of the protective layer, imparting a rigid component to the material, and increasing the proportion of inorganic components such as metals, ceramics and silica in the material. Modulus of elasticity and Shore A hardness can also be adjusted by adjusting the amount of voids in the protective layer. The elastic modulus and Shore A hardness can also be adjusted by the skeleton components constituting the protective layer having voids, the thickness of the skeleton, the method of binding the skeleton, and the like.
- Either one of the elastic modulus and the Shore A hardness can be adjusted, for example, by appropriately combining the methods listed above.
- the Shore A hardness can be reduced while maintaining the elastic modulus by thickening the skeleton constituting the protective layer while providing voids in the protective layer.
- the protective layer may be a layer containing an elastomer from the viewpoint of achieving a higher level of both sound absorption properties and durability.
- Elastomers that can satisfy the above soft toughness values include thermoplastic elastomers and thermosetting elastomers.
- thermoplastic elastomers include polyolefin, polystyrene, polyurethane, polyester, polyether, polyacrylic, polyamide, vinyl chloride, chlorinated polyethylene, polydiene, fluorine, silicone, and polycarbonate. or modified resins thereof.
- Thermosetting elastomers include, for example, fluorine-based, silicone-based, urethane-based, and epoxy-based resins; Alternatively, these modified resins may be mentioned.
- Polyurethane-based or polyester-based resins are preferred from the viewpoints of thinning for weight reduction, heat resistance, durability, and the like.
- the layer containing the elastomer may contain other components in addition to the elastomer.
- Other components include inorganic particles such as silica, alumina, and talc, metal particles, organic resin particles, and the like, from the viewpoint of improving heat resistance, durability, sound absorption, vibration damping, and sound insulation. Hollow particles and the like may be mentioned from the viewpoint of chemical conversion.
- the layer containing the elastomer may contain a foamed material, a foam portion formed by foam molding, or the like.
- the protective layer may be a non-woven fabric from the viewpoint of achieving a higher level of both sound absorption properties and durability.
- nonwoven fabrics that can satisfy the above softness and toughness value include nonwoven fabrics in which fibers are firmly bound from the viewpoint of durability.
- nonwoven fabrics manufactured by chemical bonding, thermal bonding, needle punching, etc. PET nonwoven fabric, etc. are firmly bound from the viewpoint of durability.
- the surface weight (weight per unit area) of the protective layer can be 10 to 1,000 g/m 2 and preferably 50 to 800 g/m 2 from the viewpoint of achieving a higher level of both sound absorption properties and durability.
- the density of the protective layer can be 0.1 to 10.0 g/cm 3 from the viewpoint of achieving a higher level of both sound absorption characteristics and durability, and is preferably 0.2 to 2.0 g/cm 3 .
- the average fiber diameter of the fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric can be 0.1 to 100 ⁇ m, and 1 to 50 ⁇ m, from the viewpoint of achieving a higher level of both sound absorption properties and durability. There may be.
- the average fiber diameter is obtained by averaging the fiber diameters of individual fibers measured from photographs taken with an electron microscope at a magnification of 1000. Specifically, the average fiber diameter is obtained by measuring the fiber diameters of a total of 100 fibers arbitrarily selected from 10 photographs to the order of 0.1 ⁇ m in diameter, averaging them, and rounding off to the second decimal place. is required.
- the sound absorbing material may further include a resin layer between the protective layer and the substrate layer from the viewpoints of improving sound absorbing properties, improving durability, imparting functionality, and the like.
- the resin constituting the resin layer include polyethylene (low density or high density), polypropylene (stretched or unstretched), copolymerized polyethylene, polyolefin resin such as copolymerized polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, poly Polyester resins such as butylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polybutylene naphthalate, fluorine resins such as PTFE, FEP, PFA, polyimide resins, polyamide resins, aramid resins, vinyl chloride resins, acrylic resins, polycarbonates resins, polyphenylene sulfide-based resins, polyvinyl alcohol-based resins, polystyrene-based resins, polyacrylonitrile-based resins,
- the thickness of the resin layer may be 0.5 to 500 ⁇ m, may be 5 to 250 ⁇ m, or may be 10 to 100 ⁇ m, from the viewpoint of excellent sound absorption characteristics in the low frequency range.
- the resin layer may have a metal deposition layer on its surface from the viewpoint of improving the sound absorption effect by adjusting the film properties and imparting a heat ray reflecting function. That is, the sound absorbing material may further include a metal deposition layer on the surface of the resin layer.
- the metal vapor deposition layer can be formed by physical vapor deposition such as vacuum vapor deposition or chemical vapor deposition of metals such as aluminum, copper, zinc, zinc alloys and silver.
- the metal deposition layer may be provided on both sides of the resin layer, or may be provided on one side.
- the resin layer may be a perforated film from the viewpoint of improving the sound absorbing effect in the low frequency region and adjusting the sound absorbing frequency peak.
- the perforated film may have holes arranged in a grid or rhomboid pattern.
- the hole may have a circular shape with a diameter of 0.1 to 50.0 mm, a circular shape with a diameter of 0.2 to 10.0 mm, and a diameter of 0.3 mm, from the viewpoint of excellent sound absorption characteristics in the low frequency range. It may be circular with ⁇ 5.0 mm.
- the shape of the holes may be circular, oval, rectangular, polygonal, and the like.
- the sound absorbing material may further comprise an adhesive layer between each layer described above.
- the sound absorbing material may have an adhesive layer between the protective layer and the first base material layer and/or between the first base material layer and the second base material layer.
- the sound absorbing material may have an adhesive layer in at least one of between the protective layer and the resin layer, between the resin layer and the first base layer, and between the first base layer and the second base layer.
- the adhesive layer vinyl acetate resin, polyolefin resin, ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer resin, isobutene/maleic anhydride copolymer resin, acrylic copolymer resin, acrylic monomer, acrylic oligomer, styrene/butadiene rubber, vinyl chloride resin, Layer containing adhesive component such as chloroprene rubber, nitrile rubber, urethane resin, silylated urethane resin, epoxy resin, modified epoxy resin, polyethylene resin, ionomer resin, silicone resin, modified silicone resin, water glass, silicate, paper, cloth , laminates (for example, double-sided tapes) having layers containing these adhesive components on both sides of a support composed of a resin film, metal tape, or the like.
- Each adhesive layer may be composed of the same material or may be composed of different materials.
- the thickness of the adhesive layer is not particularly limited, it can be 0.01 to 500 ⁇ m, and may be 1 to 250 ⁇ m. Each adhesive layer may have the same thickness or may have different thicknesses.
- the weight of the adhesive layer is not particularly limited, but may be 1-500 g/m 2 , may be 5-200 g/m 2 , or may be 10-150 g/m 2 . Each adhesive layer may have the same weight or different weights.
- the thickness of the sound absorbing material may be 1 to 100 mm, may be 2 to 50 mm, or may be 5 to 30 mm, from the viewpoint of expression of sound absorbing properties, workability of the material, space saving, etc. good.
- the average normal incident sound absorption coefficient of the sound absorbing material at 500 to 1000 Hz measured according to JIS A 1405-1, can be 0.45 or more from the viewpoint of excellent sound absorption characteristics in the low frequency region, and 0.45 or more. It may be 5 or more. From a similar point of view, the maximum normal incident sound absorption coefficient of the sound absorbing material at 500 to 1000 Hz can be 0.65 or more, and may be 0.7 or more.
- a sound absorbing material can be manufactured by laminating each layer.
- the sound absorbing material may be used in a state where each layer is adhered by providing an adhesive layer as described above, but may be used without each layer being adhered. Moreover, an adhesive layer may be provided only between some layers.
- the laminate that constitutes the sound absorbing material may be used while being housed in a housing.
- the above sound absorbing material not only has excellent sound absorbing properties in the low frequency range, but also has excellent durability. Therefore, the sound absorbing material can be suitably used in applications such as automobiles, railway vehicles, aircraft, ships, and buildings such as houses.
- the term "low frequency range” as used herein refers to a frequency range of 1000 Hz or less, and the sound absorbing material has excellent sound absorbing properties in the frequency range of 250 to 1000 Hz, particularly 500 to 1000 Hz.
- a vehicle component comprises the sound absorbing material described above.
- the vehicle component may be an automotive component.
- Exterior Vehicle components and vehicle exterior materials that are sound absorbing members of vehicle exterior materials. Exteriors include (vehicle) undercovers or underprotectors, soundproof covers, etc. Specific examples include engine undercovers, floor undercovers, rear undercovers, mission covers, fender liners/protectors, mudguards, and the like.
- Interior Vehicle components and vehicle interior materials that are sound absorbing members for vehicle interior materials.
- Interiors include vehicle silencers, vehicle soundproof bodies, and the like, and specific examples include ceiling materials (roof silencers), dash silencers, floor silencers, floor carpets, hood silencers, and the like.
- the above sound absorbing material wherein the resin layer contains polyolefin, polyester or polyamide.
- the above sound absorbing material further comprising a metal deposition layer on at least one surface of the resin layer.
- the above sound absorbing material, wherein the first base material layer and the second base material layer are resin foams or nonwoven fabrics.
- the above sound absorbing material wherein the thickness of the first base material layer is thinner than the thickness of the second base material layer.
- the above sound absorbing material having a thickness of 1 to 100 mm.
- a vehicle component comprising the sound absorbing material described above.
- Base material 1 PET nonwoven fabric (basis weight: 200 g/m 2 , thickness: 3 mm)
- Base material 2 PET nonwoven fabric (basis weight: 250 g/m 2 , thickness: 7 mm)
- Shore A hardness Measured with a durometer (type A). A sample of 20 mm ⁇ 50 mm was prepared, and the samples were stacked so as to have a thickness of 1 mm or more. A total of 5 points, ie, the center and four corners, were measured, and the average value was taken as the Shore A hardness of the protective layer.
- Double-sided tape Showa Denko Materials Co., Ltd., Hibon 11-652, thickness 0.12 mm
- the normal incident sound absorption coefficient of each of the prepared sound absorbing materials was measured as follows. Sound was incident from the protective layer side. The average value of normal incidence sound absorption coefficients at 500 to 1000 Hz was calculated as the average sound absorption coefficient, and the maximum value of the normal incidence sound absorption coefficients was defined as the maximum sound absorption coefficient. When the average sound absorption coefficient was 0.45 or more and the maximum sound absorption coefficient was 0.65 or more, it was judged that the sound absorption characteristics in the low frequency range (500 to 1000 Hz) were excellent. The results are shown in Tables 4 and 5.
- Device name 4206 type impedance tube (Brüel & Kj ⁇ r) Measurement method: Vertical incident sound absorption coefficient (based on JIS A 1405-1) Measurement range: 50-1600Hz
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
柔軟強靭値=(25℃における保護層の引張弾性率[MPa]×保護層のショアA硬度)/保護層厚さ[μm] ・・・(I)
図1は、一実施形態に係る吸音材の模式断面図である。吸音材10は、保護層1と、基材層として連通孔を有する第一基材層2及び連通孔を有する第二基材層3と、をこの順に備える。保護層側から入射した音(音響エネルギー)は、吸音材を透過する際に熱エネルギーとして散逸される。これにより音の減衰が観察される。
連通孔を有する基材層としては、樹脂発泡体、不織布、高分子多孔体、多孔質セラミック等が挙げられる。これらのうち、低周波数領域における吸音特性に優れる観点から、基材層は樹脂発泡体又は不織布であってよい。第一基材層及び第二基材層は、同じ素材から構成されていてもよく、異なる素材から構成されていてもよい。
保護層の、下記式(I)で表される柔軟強靭値は1~75MPa/μmである。吸音特性と耐久性との両立をより高度に図る観点から、柔軟強靭値は2~70MPa/μmであってもよく、5~65MPa/μmであってもよい。
柔軟強靭値=(25℃における保護層の引張弾性率[MPa]×保護層のショアA硬度)/保護層厚さ[μm] ・・・(I)
弾性率及びショアA硬度を調整する方法としては、保護層の密度の調整、材料中への剛直成分の付与、材料中の金属、セラミック、シリカ等の無機成分の割合増加などが挙げられる。保護層中の空隙量を調整することでも、弾性率及びショアA硬度を調整することができる。空隙を有する保護層を構成する骨格成分、骨格の太さ、骨格の結着の方法等によっても、弾性率及びショアA硬度を調整することができる。
弾性率及びショアA硬度のいずれか一方の調整は、例えば上記に挙げた方法を適宜組み合わせることで可能である。例えば、保護層中に空隙を設けつつ、保護層を構成する骨格を太くすることで、弾性率を維持しつつショアA硬度を低下させることができる。
吸音材は、吸音特性の向上、耐久性向上、機能性付与等の観点から、保護層と基材層との間に更に樹脂層を備えていてよい。樹脂層を構成する樹脂としては、例えば、ポリエチレン(低密度又は高密度)、ポリプロピレン(延伸又は未延伸)、共重合ポリエチレン、共重合ポリプロピレン等のポリオレフィン系樹脂、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリトリメチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリエチレンナフタレート、ポリブチレンナフタレート等のポリエステル系樹脂、PTFE、FEP、PFA等のフッ素系樹脂、ポリイミド系樹脂、ポリアミド系樹脂、アラミド系樹脂、塩化ビニル系樹脂、アクリル系樹脂、ポリカーボネート系樹脂、ポリフェニレンサルファイド系樹脂、ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂、ポリスチレン系樹脂、ポリアクリロニトリル系樹脂、エチレン・酢酸ビニル系樹脂などが挙げられる。樹脂層は、連通孔を有しない層(フィルム)である。
吸音材は、上記の各層間に更に接着剤層を備えていてもよい。吸音材は、保護層及び第一基材層間、並びに第一基材層及び第二基材層間の少なくともいずれかに接着剤層を備えていてもよい。また、吸音材は、保護層及び樹脂層間、樹脂層及び第一基材層間、並びに第一基材層及び第二基材層間の少なくともいずれかに接着剤層を備えていてもよい。
吸音材は、各層を積層することにより製造することができる。吸音材は、上記のとおり接着剤層を備えることにより各層が接着された状態で用いられてもよいが、各層が接着されずに用いられてもよい。また、一部の層間のみに接着剤層が設けられてもよい。吸音材を構成する積層体は、筐体に収納された状態で用いられてもよい。
上記吸音材は低周波数領域における吸音特性に優れるだけでなく、耐久性にも優れる。そのため、上記吸音材は、自動車、鉄道車両、航空機、船舶、住宅等の建築物などの用途において好適に用いることができる。ここでいう低周波数領域とは、周波数が1000Hz以下の領域とすることができ、上記吸音材は、250~1000Hzの、特に500~1000Hzの周波数領域において優れた吸音特性を有する。
車両部材は上記の吸音材を備える。車両部材としては、例えば以下の態様が挙げられる。車両部材は自動車部材であってよい。
外装:車両用外装材の吸音部材である車両部材、車両用外装材。
外装としては、(車両用)アンダーカバー又はアンダープロテクター、防音カバー等が挙げられ、具体的にはエンジンアンダーカバー、フロアアンダーカバー、リアアンダーカバー、ミッションカバー、フェンダライナ/プロテクタ又はマッドガード等が挙げられる。
内装:車両用内装材の吸音部材である車両部材、車両用内装材。
内装としては、車両用サイレンサー、車両用防音体等が挙げられ、具体的には天井材(ルーフサイレンサー)、ダッシュサイレンサー、フロアサイレンサー、フロアカーペット、フードサイレンサー等が挙げられる。
その他:タイヤ用吸音材。
タイヤ用吸音材としては、車両用カバー、ケース等と上記の吸音材を組み合わせた吸音構造体が挙げられる。
保護層と、連通孔を有する第一基材層と、連通孔を有する第二基材層と、をこの順に備え、保護層の、下記式(I)で表される柔軟強靭値が1~75[MPa/μm]である、吸音材。
柔軟強靭値=(25℃における保護層の引張弾性率[MPa]×保護層のショアA硬度)/保護層厚さ[μm] ・・・(I)
保護層がエラストマを含む層である、上記の吸音材。
保護層が不織布である、上記の吸音材。
保護層と第一基材層との間に、樹脂層を更に備える、上記の吸音材。
樹脂層が、ポリオレフィン、ポリエステル又はポリアミドを含む、上記の吸音材。
樹脂層の少なくともいずれかの表面に、金属蒸着層を更に備える、上記の吸音材。
第一基材層及び第二基材層が、樹脂発泡体又は不織布である、上記の吸音材。
第一基材層の厚さが、第二基材層の厚さよりも薄い、上記の吸音材。
厚さが1~100mmである、上記の吸音材。
上記の吸音材を備える、車両部材。
基材1:PET不織布(目付200g/m2、厚さ3mm)
基材2:PET不織布(目付250g/m2、厚さ7mm)
表1、表2及び表3に示す保護層を準備した。
厚さ:保護層を200mm×200mmに切り出し、厚さ測定器(デジタルシックネスゲージ JAN-257 測定子φ20mm 株式会社尾池製作所製)により測定した。測定箇所は中心と四隅の合計5箇所とし、その平均値を保護層の厚さとした。
引張弾性率:引張試験機(EZ-Test、株式会社島津製作所製)により測定した。20mm×50mmのサンプルを準備し、これを引張試験機を用いて、引張速度100mm/minで引っ張った際の25℃における最大弾性率を、上記引張弾性率とした。TD方向及びMD方向がある場合は、弾性率が低く出る方を採用した。測定回数は3回とし、その平均値を保護層の引張弾性率とした。
ショアA硬度:デューロメータ(タイプA)により測定した。20mm×50mmのサンプルを準備し、厚さが1mm以上となるようにサンプルを重ね、これに対しデューロメータで測定した硬度を、ショアA硬度とした。測定箇所は中心と四隅の合計5箇所とし、その平均値を保護層のショアA硬度とした。
以下の樹脂層を準備した。
両面アルミニウム蒸着ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム(AlPET):厚さ12μm
以下の接着剤層を準備した。
両面テープ:昭和電工マテリアルズ株式会社、ハイボン11-652、厚さ0.12mm
表4及び表5に示す構成を有する吸音材を作製した。各層の接着には両面テープを用いた。
作製した各吸音材の垂直入射吸音率を、以下に従って測定した。保護層側から音を入射した。500~1000Hzにおける垂直入射吸音率の平均値を平均吸音率として算出し、また垂直入射吸音率の最大値を最大吸音率とした。平均吸音率が0.45以上であり、かつ最大吸音率が0.65以上である場合、低周波数領域(500~1000Hz)における吸音特性に優れていると判断した。結果を表4及び表5に示す。
装置名:4206型インピーダンス管(ブリュエル・ケアー社)
測定方法:垂直入射吸音率(JIS A 1405-1に準拠)
測定範囲:50~1600Hz
作製した各吸音材の耐久性(耐チッピング性)を評価した。評価には飛石試験機 JA400(スガ試験機株式会社製)を用い、7号砕石850gを0.4MPaの圧力で保護層に当てた。その後保護層表面の状態を目視にて確認し、以下の基準で耐久性を評価した。A又はB評価である場合、耐久性に優れていると判断した。結果を表4及び表5に示す。
A:穴あき、打痕なし。
B:穴あき無し、打痕あり。
C:穴あき有り(5箇所未満)。
D:穴あき有り(5箇所以上)。
Claims (10)
- 保護層と、連通孔を有する第一基材層と、連通孔を有する第二基材層と、をこの順に備え、
前記保護層の、下記式(I)で表される柔軟強靭値が1~75[MPa/μm]である、吸音材。
柔軟強靭値=(25℃における保護層の引張弾性率[MPa]×保護層のショアA硬度)/保護層厚さ[μm] ・・・(I) - 前記保護層がエラストマを含む層である、請求項1に記載の吸音材。
- 前記保護層が不織布である、請求項1に記載の吸音材。
- 前記保護層と前記第一基材層との間に、樹脂層を更に備える、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の吸音材。
- 前記樹脂層が、ポリオレフィン、ポリエステル又はポリアミドを含む、請求項4に記載の吸音材。
- 前記樹脂層の少なくともいずれかの表面に、金属蒸着層を更に備える、請求項4又は5に記載の吸音材。
- 前記第一基材層及び前記第二基材層が、樹脂発泡体又は不織布である、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の吸音材。
- 前記第一基材層の厚さが、前記第二基材層の厚さよりも薄い、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の吸音材。
- 厚さが1~100mmである、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の吸音材。
- 請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の吸音材を備える、車両部材。
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PCT/JP2021/015719 WO2022219807A1 (ja) | 2021-04-16 | 2021-04-16 | 吸音材及び車両部材 |
JP2023514300A JPWO2022219807A1 (ja) | 2021-04-16 | 2021-04-16 | |
EP21937001.2A EP4306365A4 (en) | 2021-04-16 | 2021-04-16 | SOUND ABSORPTION MATERIAL AND VEHICLE ELEMENT |
US18/555,178 US20240217455A1 (en) | 2021-04-16 | 2021-04-16 | Sound absorbing material, and vehicle member |
CN202180096521.XA CN117121093A (zh) | 2021-04-16 | 2021-04-16 | 吸声材料及车辆部件 |
TW111114308A TW202244891A (zh) | 2021-04-16 | 2022-04-14 | 吸音材料及車輛構件 |
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Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH10226006A (ja) * | 1997-02-14 | 1998-08-25 | Kasai Kogyo Co Ltd | 遮音構造体 |
JP2003316366A (ja) * | 2002-04-23 | 2003-11-07 | Suzuki Motor Corp | 吸音材及びその製造方法 |
WO2020213685A1 (ja) | 2019-04-18 | 2020-10-22 | 日立化成株式会社 | 吸音材 |
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JP2018141838A (ja) * | 2017-02-27 | 2018-09-13 | 日東電工株式会社 | 吸音材 |
WO2020213139A1 (ja) * | 2019-04-18 | 2020-10-22 | 日立化成株式会社 | 吸音材 |
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- 2021-04-16 WO PCT/JP2021/015719 patent/WO2022219807A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2021-04-16 JP JP2023514300A patent/JPWO2022219807A1/ja active Pending
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Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH10226006A (ja) * | 1997-02-14 | 1998-08-25 | Kasai Kogyo Co Ltd | 遮音構造体 |
JP2003316366A (ja) * | 2002-04-23 | 2003-11-07 | Suzuki Motor Corp | 吸音材及びその製造方法 |
WO2020213685A1 (ja) | 2019-04-18 | 2020-10-22 | 日立化成株式会社 | 吸音材 |
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JPWO2022219807A1 (ja) | 2022-10-20 |
EP4306365A1 (en) | 2024-01-17 |
EP4306365A4 (en) | 2024-04-17 |
CN117121093A (zh) | 2023-11-24 |
US20240217455A1 (en) | 2024-07-04 |
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