WO2022218333A1 - 微细气泡发生方法及发生装置 - Google Patents

微细气泡发生方法及发生装置 Download PDF

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WO2022218333A1
WO2022218333A1 PCT/CN2022/086569 CN2022086569W WO2022218333A1 WO 2022218333 A1 WO2022218333 A1 WO 2022218333A1 CN 2022086569 W CN2022086569 W CN 2022086569W WO 2022218333 A1 WO2022218333 A1 WO 2022218333A1
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gas
microporous material
micro
material layer
liquid
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PCT/CN2022/086569
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English (en)
French (fr)
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马闽雄
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马闽雄
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Priority to BR112023021273A priority Critical patent/BR112023021273A2/pt
Priority to US18/286,632 priority patent/US20240198298A1/en
Priority to CA3214297A priority patent/CA3214297A1/en
Priority to AU2022257157A priority patent/AU2022257157A1/en
Priority to JP2023563326A priority patent/JP2024514214A/ja
Priority to KR1020237039029A priority patent/KR20230170741A/ko
Priority to IL307427A priority patent/IL307427A/en
Priority to EP22787555.6A priority patent/EP4324550A1/en
Priority to MX2023012147A priority patent/MX2023012147A/es
Publication of WO2022218333A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022218333A1/zh
Priority to ZA2023/09449A priority patent/ZA202309449B/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
    • B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
    • B01F23/2312—Diffusers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
    • B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
    • B01F23/2312—Diffusers
    • B01F23/23123—Diffusers consisting of rigid porous or perforated material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
    • B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
    • B01F23/2312—Diffusers
    • B01F23/23125—Diffusers characterised by the way in which they are assembled or mounted; Fabricating the parts of the diffusers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
    • B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
    • B01F23/2312—Diffusers
    • B01F23/23126—Diffusers characterised by the shape of the diffuser element
    • B01F23/231263—Diffusers characterised by the shape of the diffuser element having dome-, cap- or inversed cone-shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
    • B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
    • B01F23/2312—Diffusers
    • B01F23/23126—Diffusers characterised by the shape of the diffuser element
    • B01F23/231265—Diffusers characterised by the shape of the diffuser element being tubes, tubular elements, cylindrical elements or set of tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
    • B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
    • B01F23/2312—Diffusers
    • B01F23/23128—Diffusers having specific properties or elements attached thereto
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/2319—Methods of introducing gases into liquid media
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/237—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids characterised by the physical or chemical properties of gases or vapours introduced in the liquid media
    • B01F23/2373—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids characterised by the physical or chemical properties of gases or vapours introduced in the liquid media for obtaining fine bubbles, i.e. bubbles with a size below 100 µm
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/237—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids characterised by the physical or chemical properties of gases or vapours introduced in the liquid media
    • B01F23/2373—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids characterised by the physical or chemical properties of gases or vapours introduced in the liquid media for obtaining fine bubbles, i.e. bubbles with a size below 100 µm
    • B01F23/2375—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids characterised by the physical or chemical properties of gases or vapours introduced in the liquid media for obtaining fine bubbles, i.e. bubbles with a size below 100 µm for obtaining bubbles with a size below 1 µm
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/237—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids characterised by the physical or chemical properties of gases or vapours introduced in the liquid media
    • B01F23/2376—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids characterised by the physical or chemical properties of gases or vapours introduced in the liquid media characterised by the gas being introduced
    • B01F23/23761—Aerating, i.e. introducing oxygen containing gas in liquids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/70—Pre-treatment of the materials to be mixed
    • B01F23/708—Filtering materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/20—Measuring; Control or regulation
    • B01F35/21—Measuring
    • B01F35/211—Measuring of the operational parameters
    • B01F35/2111—Flow rate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/20—Measuring; Control or regulation
    • B01F35/21—Measuring
    • B01F35/211—Measuring of the operational parameters
    • B01F35/2113—Pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/20—Measuring; Control or regulation
    • B01F35/22—Control or regulation
    • B01F35/221—Control or regulation of operational parameters, e.g. level of material in the mixer, temperature or pressure
    • B01F35/2211—Amount of delivered fluid during a period
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2101/00—Mixing characterised by the nature of the mixed materials or by the application field
    • B01F2101/305—Treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of gas-liquid two-phase interface interaction, in particular to a method and a generating device for generating fine bubbles.
  • micro-nano bubbles As early as the 1960s, people discovered the existence of micro-nano bubbles and applied them to imaging technology. After 2000, Japan took the lead in researching more characteristics and applications of micro-nano bubbles, and found that micro-nano bubbles have the characteristics of extremely slow rise in water, self-pressurized dissolution, and extremely high mass transfer efficiency (over 95%). It also has the characteristics of greatly improving the solubility of gas, large surface-specific contact area, high interface potential, excellent air flotation effect, reducing the flow resistance of liquid, and explosion in the microscopic field of bubbles breaking the chemical bonds of surrounding water molecules to generate free radicals.
  • micro-nano bubbles can increase rice production by more than 50%, make the root system of rice more developed, and greatly improve its lodging resistance.
  • the principle is that the root system of plants needs to absorb oxygen, and most microorganisms in the soil are aerobic. , the more active the microorganisms, the stronger the soil fertility, the more developed the root system, so as to achieve the effect of increasing production. Planting crops with micro-nano bubble water can increase production and improve the soil environment at the same time.
  • micro-nano bubbles can also reduce the sliding resistance of the liquid and achieve the effect of speeding up the ship.
  • Micro-nano bubbles are not only limited to air, oxygen, but also carbon dioxide, ozone and other gases.
  • Ozone water with high concentration and high contact area is an advanced oxidation technology in the industry, and its application is of great significance. Not only industry, ozone water is used in food disinfection. Sterilization can also make a big difference.
  • high-concentration carbon dioxide water can help the industrialization of microalgae oil production.
  • the essence of micro-nano bubble technology is a high-efficiency gas-liquid mixing technology, breaking the routine that non-polar gases are insoluble in water. It is a basic process that will penetrate into various fields like electricity, bringing technological breakthroughs.
  • Micro-nano bubbles have such an important role, but they have not been widely used in production practice, and they have only stayed in the research of application experiments.
  • the core problem is that the energy consumption of micro-nano bubble generators is extremely high, and the increase in production does not increase income. So far, there has been no breakthrough in the energy consumption of various generators.
  • Most of the micro-nano bubble generators use the high-speed water flow generated by the water pump to cut the gas.
  • the existing design ideas are limited to how to recycle the high-speed water. Water flow, in essence, can not achieve the purpose of greatly reducing energy consumption.
  • micro-bubbles there are many methods for generating micro-bubbles, such as ultrasonic method, pressure-releasing dissolved gas method, venturi jet method and rotary cutting method, etc.
  • the pressure-releasing dissolved gas method Due to the complex structure of the equipment required by the method and the difficulty of implementation, the commonly used methods for generating microbubbles are the Venturi jet method and the rotary cutting method.
  • the principle of the rotary cutting method is essentially the same as that of the pressure release method. Both are pressurized and dissolved gas through a liquid rotating at a high speed, and the pressure is released at the outlet to generate fine air bubbles.
  • the rotary cutting method Compared with the pressure release method, the rotary cutting method Compared with the Venturi jet method, the water flow rotates forward, the water and gas fusion process is longer, and the particle size of the bubbles formed at the outlet is more delicate. .
  • the front end of the Venturi jet method and the rotary cutting method both need to use a large water pump or a dissolved air pump (requires a lift of 20m to 40m and a water pressure of 0.2MPa to 0.5MPa).
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method and a generating device for generating fine bubbles.
  • By applying pressure to the gas it passes through the microporous material and forms fine bubbles at the interface between the microporous material and the liquid, and then passes through the micropores.
  • the relative motion between the material and the liquid cuts the micro-bubbles before the bubbles become larger and merge with the adjacent micro-bubbles, so that the micro-bubbles are peeled off the surface of the micro-porous material and enter in the form of micro-bubbles (diameter less than 100 ⁇ m).
  • the equipment has a simple structure and is easy to operate, and has great economic benefits. Benefit, suitable for promotion and use.
  • the present invention can adopt following technical scheme to realize:
  • the present invention provides a method for generating micro-bubbles, the method for generating micro-bubbles includes:
  • the gas passes through the microporous material and forms fine bubbles at the interface between the microporous material and the liquid;
  • the fine air bubbles adsorbed on the microporous material are impacted, so that the fine air bubbles are separated from the microporous material and enter into the liquid Inside.
  • the invention provides a micro-bubble generating device, the micro-bubble generating device comprises a gas-accommodating chamber arranged below the liquid surface and a gas-conveying pipeline for transporting gas into the gas-accommodating chamber.
  • the outer ring is provided with a microporous material layer through which the gas in the gas-containing chamber can pass, one end of the gas pipeline is located above the liquid level and connected to the gas source, and the other end of the gas pipeline extends entering into the gas-containing chamber, so that the gas in the gas-containing chamber can pass through the microporous material layer and form fine air bubbles on the outer surface of the microporous material layer by air pressure;
  • the microporous material layer moves and/or the liquid located outside the microporous material layer moves, so as to cut the fine air bubbles, so that the fine air bubbles enter the liquid.
  • the micro-bubble generating device forms a certain pressure in the air-accommodating chamber by introducing gas into the air-accommodating chamber, and makes the gas in the air-accommodating chamber pass through the microporous material layer under the action of the air pressure
  • Micro bubbles are formed on the interface between the outer surface of the microporous material layer and the liquid.
  • the main energy consumption of the present invention during the working process is not the energy consumption of moving the gas, but the energy consumption of overcoming the frictional resistance of the gas-containing chamber to rotate in the liquid, but the present invention requires the gas-containing chamber to rotate or the liquid to rotate.
  • the speed of the rotating flow along the gas chamber is higher than the speed of the gas passing through the microporous material layer, and the speed of the gas flow is usually centimeters per second.
  • the microporous material with a small surface friction coefficient is preferred as the microporous material.
  • the flow rate of the driven liquid can be completely controlled below one meter per second, so the required rotational speed during the working process is low, and the conditions required for the generation of fine bubbles in the present invention are not limited by the water-air ratio, and the process does not require high-speed water flow Therefore, it can effectively reduce production energy consumption, save production costs, and can quickly generate a large number of fine bubbles with uniform particle size, which has great economic benefits.
  • the weight and volume of the micro-bubble generating device are greatly reduced.
  • the power equipment used in the present invention is a motor.
  • the power requirement of some specifications is below 1KW, and the microporous material is also a lightweight material.
  • the weight of the present invention is mainly due to the supporting equipment such as the fixed base. Therefore, the weight of the overall device can be controlled within 10 kg, and the volume of the entire device can be The diameter is 30cm and the height is within 120cm. It can be installed manually during the actual use.
  • the volume of the micro-bubble generating device can be adjusted according to actual needs, and then the amount of micro-bubble generated can be regulated.
  • the entire device can be miniaturized.
  • the power equipment adopts low-power micro-motors, and other parts can also be reduced accordingly.
  • the application field of bubbles such as can enter the household and civilian field, people can make and drink high-oxygen water, high-hydrogen water to protect their health, in addition, can also be used to make ozone water, used for vegetables, fruits, meat preservation, removal of pesticide residues, etc.
  • the micro-bubble generating device has a simple structure and is easy to handle.
  • the raw materials are industrial finished products and are suitable for large-scale production; in addition, the invention has low energy consumption and low power, and the device needs about 30 watts of power to generate micro-bubbles.
  • the solar panels supply power and can produce micro-bubbles in the fields, rivers and lakes.
  • the micro-bubbles have been proven to have a significant effect on increasing crop yields and treating river sewage, making full use of sunlight, air and water. It is not possible for the rotary cutting method.
  • the particle size distribution of the micro-bubble generated by the micro-bubble generating device is highly consistent.
  • the particle size distribution of the micro-bubble generated by the existing micro-bubble generating device can exist from nano-scale to micro-scale (1 nanometer to 200 microns), and the consistency of the micro-bubble particle size in the invention depends on the pore size distribution of the microporous material. Consistency, the microporous material is now of good quality, and the particle size range of the resulting microbubbles has good consistency.
  • micro-bubble generating device rotates with gas to form high-speed airflow cutting liquid through the operation of microporous materials.
  • the conversion of this idea can reduce energy consumption by more than 100 times, and through the improvement of the device, there are more When energy consumption is no longer the bottleneck of micro-nano bubbles, the changes brought by micro-nano bubbles to various industries will be of extraordinary significance.
  • Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the method for generating fine bubbles of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the micro-bubble generating device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the part below the liquid level in FIG. 2 .
  • Fig. 4 is the second schematic view of the structure of the micro-bubble generating device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the part below the liquid level in FIG. 4 .
  • FIG. 6 is the third schematic view of the structure of the micro-bubble generating device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the part below the liquid level in FIG. 6 .
  • Fig. 8 is the fourth schematic diagram of the structure of the micro-bubble generating device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is the fifth structural schematic diagram of the micro-bubble generating device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is the sixth schematic diagram of the structure of the micro-bubble generating device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a plan view of the micro-bubble generating device in FIG. 10 .
  • the present invention provides a method for generating fine bubbles, which comprises the following steps:
  • Step S1 the gas passes through the microporous material and forms fine bubbles on the interface between the microporous material and the liquid;
  • step S1 includes:
  • Step S101 a microporous material layer 2 is arranged around the periphery of the gas-containing chamber 1 along the circumference of the gas-containing chamber 1, and the gas-containing chamber 1 is placed below the liquid level;
  • Step S102 one end of the gas transmission pipeline 3 is located above the liquid level and connected to the gas source, the other end of the gas transmission pipeline 3 is connected to the gas-containing chamber 1, and the gas-containing chamber 1 is filled with gas through the gas transmission pipeline 3 , so as to form a certain air pressure in the gas-containing chamber 1;
  • Step S103 under the action of the air pressure in the gas containing chamber 1 , the gas in the gas containing chamber 1 passes through the microporous material layer 2 and forms fine bubbles on the outer surface of the microporous material layer 2 .
  • Step S2 impacting the micro-bubbles adsorbed on the micro-porous material through the relative motion of the micro-porous material and the liquid, so that the micro-bubbles can be separated from the micro-porous material and enter into the liquid before the micro-bubble becomes larger to 100 ⁇ m.
  • the microporous material layer 2 is driven to rotate along its own circumferential direction and/or the liquid located outside the microporous material layer 2 is driven to flow along the circumferential direction of the microporous material layer 2, so as to pass through the gap between the microporous material layer 2 and the liquid.
  • the relative motion cuts the fine bubbles, so that the fine bubbles escape from the adsorption force of the microporous material layer 2 and/or the surface tension between the bubbles and the microporous material layer 2 and enter the liquid, thereby generating a large number of fine bubbles.
  • step S2 the shear force of the liquid on the micro-bubbles is greater than the adsorption force of the micro-porous material capillary effect on the micro-bubbles and/or the surface tension between the bubbles and the micro-porous material layer 2, so that the bubbles can be impacted and detached.
  • the microporous material enters the liquid in the form of fine air bubbles.
  • the time from the formation of the micro-bubbles to being cut and detached from the microporous material is less than the time required for the micro-bubbles to grow in size and rapidly grow to form large bubbles (with a diameter of 100 ⁇ m) after merging with adjacent micro-bubbles.
  • the bubbles generated on the surface of the micro-porous material with small pore size will be in the capillary adsorption force of the micro-porous material and/or the bubble and the micro-porous material layer 2 Under the action of the surface tension between the bubbles, it gradually becomes larger and merges with the adjacent bubbles to form larger bubbles, until the buoyancy of the bubbles can overcome the capillary adsorption force and/or the surface tension between the bubbles and the microporous material layer 2.
  • the surface detached from the microporous material enters the liquid in the form of large bubbles (200 ⁇ m or more in diameter). Therefore, it is necessary to quickly cut the micro-bubbles after they are formed on the interface between the microporous material and the liquid to ensure that the bubbles enter the liquid before the diameter of the bubbles increases to 100 ⁇ m.
  • step S2 the liquid is in a static state and the microporous material is in a moving state, and drives the gas entering the microporous material to move synchronously, so as to form a pair of microporous materials through the movement of the microporous material.
  • the fine air bubbles at the interface between the microporous material and the liquid are impacted (or cut).
  • the micro-nano bubbles can also be cut by the movement of the liquid as described above, in a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, the movement of the microporous material is adopted, and the liquid is in a static state, which is in phase with the movement of the liquid outside the microporous material. It can greatly reduce energy consumption.
  • the energy consumption required for the liquid to accelerate to the same speed ie: the same rotation speed as that of the microporous material
  • the energy consumption of speeding up to the same speed (there was a difference of nearly 6 orders of magnitude before the two).
  • step S2 the microporous material is in a static state and the liquid is in a moving state, and the fine bubbles formed on the interface between the microporous material and the liquid are removed by the movement of the liquid. Impact (or cut).
  • the microporous material is not limited to the material with micropores, and it can also be a cathode or an anode that generates fine air bubbles on the surface of the material during the electrolysis process.
  • the present invention provides a micro-bubble generating device.
  • the micro-bubble generating device includes an air-accommodating chamber 1 and a gas-transporting pipeline 3 , and the gas-transporting pipeline 3 is used to send the gas into the air-accommodating chamber 1 .
  • the gas is transported to form a certain air pressure in the gas-containing chamber 1.
  • the periphery of the gas-containing chamber 1 is provided with a microporous material layer 2 along the circumferential ring of the gas-containing chamber 1 for the gas in the gas-containing chamber 1 to pass through.
  • the gas in the gas-containing chamber 1 passes through the gaps of the microporous material layer 2 and forms fine bubbles on the outer surface of the microporous material layer 2; drives the microporous material layer 2 to rotate circumferentially and/or drives the microporous material layer 2
  • the liquid on the outside flows along the circumferential direction of the microporous material layer 2, and the micro-bubbles on the outer surface of the micro-porous material layer 2 are cut through the relative motion of the liquid and the micro-porous material layer 2, so that the micro-bubbles enter the liquid.
  • the microporous material layer 2 is not limited to circumferential rotation, and the liquid is not limited to flow along the circumferential direction of the microporous material layer 2.
  • Various motion forms such as left and right swinging, etc.
  • the fine air bubbles on the outer surface of the porous material layer 2 may be quickly cut.
  • the micro-nano bubbles can also be cut through the movement of the liquid, the movement of the microporous material is used, and the liquid is in a static state, which can greatly reduce the energy consumption compared with the movement of the liquid outside the microporous material. After the microporous material obtains the required speed for motion, no additional energy is consumed, and the gas continuously entering the microporous material is driven up with extremely low energy consumption. If the microporous bubbles generated on the static microporous material are cut by the movement of the liquid, the energy consumption required for the liquid to accelerate to the same speed is much greater than the energy consumption for the microporous material to drive the gas to the same speed.
  • the gas pipeline 3 is sequentially provided with an air pump 5, a primary filter 6 and a secondary filter 7 along the flow direction of the gas, the air pump 5, the primary filter 6
  • the pore size of the filter element on the secondary filter 7 is smaller than the pore size of the filter element on the primary filter 6 and the pore size of the microporous material layer 2 .
  • the dust in the gas is filtered by the primary filter 6 and the secondary filter 7, wherein the primary filter 6 is used to filter out the large particle size dust in the gas, and the secondary filter 7 is used to filter out the dust in the gas
  • the small particle size of dust ensures that the microporous material layer 2 will not be blocked by dust under long-term working conditions and prolongs the service life of the device.
  • the filter elements on the primary filter 6 and the secondary filter 7 are consumables that are easy to replace, and can be replaced regularly.
  • the gas in the gas containing chamber 1 can pass through the microporous material layer 2 through the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the gas containing chamber 1, and form a negative pressure in the gas containing chamber 1, so that the gas of the gas source enters the gas containing chamber
  • a flow meter 8 is provided on the gas pipeline 3 upstream of the air pump 5, and a pressure gauge 10 is provided on the gas pipeline 3 downstream of the secondary filter 7,
  • the flow meter 8 is provided with an adjustment knob 9 that can control the gas flow.
  • the flow rate of the gas can be monitored in real time through the flow meter 8, and the adjustment knob 9 on the flow meter 8 can be adjusted according to the actual situation, so as to control the flow rate of the gas per unit time and adjust the particle size of the fine bubbles.
  • the flow meter 8 may be, but not limited to, a glass rotameter.
  • the thickness of the microporous material layer 2 is gradually increased from bottom to top to balance the problem of uneven air outlet caused by the pressure difference between the upper and lower water in the gas chamber 1, so as to ensure the consistency of the bubble particle size, and the microporous material
  • the thickness of the layer 2 at each position can be adjusted according to the different gas barrier properties of the microporous material actually used. In the actual use process, the thickness of the microporous material layer 2 can ensure that it has enough strength to support the gas-containing chamber 1 to move.
  • the size of the gas-containing chamber 1 is not limited, the larger the volume of the gas-containing chamber 1, the larger the surface area of the microporous material layer 2, and the greater the ventilation volume, but the corresponding frictional resistance during the rotation process. will be bigger.
  • the pore size of the microporous material layer 2 is less than 5 ⁇ m.
  • the micro-bubble generating device further includes an outer rotor motor 13 that drives the air-accommodating chamber 1 to rotate in the circumferential direction, and the outer rotor motor 13 is disposed in the air-accommodating chamber.
  • the rotor of the outer rotor motor 13 and the lower inner wall seal of the microporous material layer 2 are sealed and fixedly connected by a sealant, and the rotor of the outer rotor motor 13 can drive the microporous material layer 2 to rotate.
  • the outer rotor motor 13 and the microporous material layer 2 are combined to form the shearing head 4 capable of rotating under the liquid.
  • the movement of the microporous material drives the movement of the gas penetrating into the microporous material, and the liquid is cut by rotating to generate fine bubbles. It is a difference of more than two orders of magnitude from the theoretical energy consumption of allowing the liquid to reach the same moving speed.
  • the outer rotor motor 13 is an outer rotor brushless motor for underwater operation.
  • the micro-bubble generating device further includes a first fixed base 12, the microporous material layer 2 is a cylindrical structure arranged vertically, with a top sealed and an open bottom.
  • the top of 2 is provided with a sealing cover 11 made of microporous material and integrally formed with the microporous material layer 2.
  • the sealing cover 11 has a hollow hemispherical structure that protrudes upward. The top is sealed and fixedly connected, and the first fixed base 12 supports the microporous material layer 2 to ensure that the device is in a stable working state.
  • the gas transmission pipeline 3 includes a first gas transmission main pipe 301, one end of the first gas transmission main pipe 301 is located above the liquid level, and the other end of the first gas transmission main pipe 301 passes through the first gas transmission main pipe 301 in turn.
  • a fixed base 12 and the outer rotor motor 13 protrude into the gas chamber 1 and a first blocking block 14 is sealed inside the first gas delivery main pipe 301 , and the first gas delivery main pipe 301 passes through the outer rotor motor 13 .
  • the central hole is sealed with the outer rotor motor 13 through sealant, and four first gas delivery branch pipes 302 are connected to the first gas delivery main pipe 301 located in the gas storage chamber 1, and each first gas delivery branch pipe 302 runs along the first
  • the gas transmission main pipe 301 is evenly distributed in the circumferential direction;
  • the first gas transmission branch pipe 302 includes a horizontal pipe section and a vertical pipe section, one end of the horizontal pipe section is connected to the first gas transmission main pipe 301, and the other end of the horizontal pipe section extends along the horizontal direction to a distance close to the micropipette.
  • the hole material layer 2 is positioned and connected to the top end of the vertical pipe section, and the bottom end of the vertical pipe section extends downward in the vertical direction.
  • the gas from the gas source is transported into the gas containing chamber 1 through the first gas delivery main pipe 301 and each of the first gas delivery branch pipes 302 , and the gas can be evenly distributed on the inner wall of the microporous material layer 2 as much as possible.
  • the micro-bubble generating device further includes an inner rotor motor 15, and the inner rotor motor 15 is used to drive the gas-containing chamber 1 to rotate in the circumferential direction, and to deliver gas.
  • the pipeline 3 includes a second gas transmission main pipe 303 and a first hollow shaft 306.
  • the first hollow shaft 306 is the output shaft of the inner rotor motor 15, and a second blocking block 307 is sealed inside the first hollow shaft 306.
  • the hollow shaft 306 passes through the gas storage chamber 1 and is connected to one end of the second gas transmission main pipe 303 , the other end of the second gas transmission main pipe 303 is located above the liquid level, and is located in the second gas transmission main pipe 303 in the gas storage chamber 1
  • the second gas transmission branch pipe 304 includes a horizontal pipe section and a vertical pipe section, and one end of the horizontal pipe section is Connected to the second gas transmission main pipe 303, the other end of the horizontal pipe section extends in the horizontal direction to the position close to the microporous material layer 2 and is connected with the top end of the vertical pipe section, and the bottom end of the vertical pipe section extends downward in the vertical direction, passing through
  • the second gas delivery main pipe 303 and each second gas delivery branch pipe 304 deliver the gas from the gas source into the gas containing chamber 1 , and can make the gas evenly
  • the micro-bubble generating device further includes a first upper cover 16 and a first lower cover 17
  • the microporous material layer 2 is a vertical cylindrical structure with openings at both ends.
  • An upper cover 16 is sealed at the top opening of the microporous material layer 2
  • the first lower cover 17 is sealed at the bottom opening of the microporous material layer 2
  • the first hollow shaft 306 sequentially passes through the first lower cover 17 from bottom to top , the gas containing chamber 1 and the first upper cover 16
  • the first hollow shaft 306 is sealed and fixedly connected to the first lower cover 17 and the first upper cover 16 through the flange coupling 18 respectively.
  • connection between the first upper cover 16 and the microporous material layer 2 and between the first lower cover 17 and the microporous material layer 2 may be sealed and fixed by means of a sealant or the like.
  • the inner rotor motor 15 , the microporous material layer 2 , the first upper cover 16 and the first lower cover 17 are combined to form the shearing head 4 capable of rotating below the liquid.
  • a straight pipe 308 is connected between the first hollow shaft 306 and the second gas transmission main pipe 303 , and a tracheal quick-release joint is used between the straight pipe 308 and the second gas transmission main pipe 303 .
  • 305 is connected, so that the first hollow shaft is in non-contact communication with the second gas transmission main pipe.
  • the micro-bubble generating device further includes a bearing seat fixing plate 20 and a second fixing base 19 , the bearing seat fixing plate 20 is located above the second fixing base 19 , and the bearing seat fixing plate 20 is connected to the second fixing base 19 .
  • the second fixed bases 19 are connected by a plurality of connecting columns 21 , the air chamber 1 and the inner rotor motor 15 are both arranged between the bearing seat fixing plate 20 and the second fixed base 19 , and the inner rotor motor 15 is located in the air chamber Below the chamber 1, and the inner rotor motor 15 is fixed on the second fixed base 19, the first hollow shaft 306 protrudes through the bearing seat fixing plate 20; the first hollow shaft 306 above the bearing seat fixing plate 20 is from top to A bearing 24 and a first sealing ring 23 are sequentially sleeved at the bottom. Both the bearing 24 and the first sealing ring 23 are arranged in the bearing seat 22 , and the bottom of the straight tube 308 is bonded to the top of the bearing 24 through a sealant.
  • the above structure can improve the overall stability of the device and prevent the inner rotor motor 15 from shaking under the action of external force during operation.
  • the micro-bubble generating device further includes a micro-bubble generating box 30 and a brushless motor 28 , and the brushless motor 28 is used to drive the microporous material layer 2
  • the liquid on the outside rotates and flows along the circumferential direction of the gas-accommodating chamber 1.
  • the micro-bubble generating box 30 is a vertical cylindrical structure with an open top and a closed bottom.
  • the brushless motor 28 is located below the gas-accommodating chamber 1.
  • the output shaft of the brush motor 28 is arranged vertically upward, the output shaft of the brushless motor 28 is provided with an impeller 31 , and the outer wall of the impeller 31 is provided with a plurality of helical blades that provide upward thrust to the liquid, and the impeller 31 is close to the gas chamber 1
  • the bottom of the micro-bubble generation box 30, and the gas-containing chamber 1 and the impeller 31 are both arranged inside the micro-bubble generation box 30, and a cutting water channel 34 is formed between the micro-porous material layer 2 and the inner wall of the micro-bubble generation box 30;
  • the bottom is provided with an annular first liquid inlet 3001 along the circumference of the microbubble generating box 30 , a plurality of first liquid outlets 3002 are provided on the top of the microbubble generating box 30 , and the bottom of the microbubble generating box 30 is provided with a liquid circulation Tank 33, the liquid circulation tank 33 is an annular structure arranged along the horizontal direction, the liquid circulation tank 33 is provided with a plurality
  • the circulation pipes 25 are communicated with the corresponding second liquid inlets 3301, and each second liquid inlet 3302 extends along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the liquid circulation tank 33 to form a rotating water flow in the liquid circulation tank 33 in the same direction as the impeller 31 rotates. .
  • the impeller 31 rotates and forms a negative pressure in the micro-bubble generating box 30, and the liquid is sucked into the micro-bubble generating box 30 through the annular first liquid inlet 3001 and flows upward.
  • the outer side of the porous material layer 2 rotates and flows along its circumferential direction, thereby cutting the micro-bubbles on the outer surface of the micro-porous material layer 2, and then part of the liquid directly flows out through the top opening of the micro-bubble generating box 30, and the other part of the liquid passes through the micro-bubble generation box 30.
  • Each liquid circulation pipe 25 on the bubble generating box 30 flows into the corresponding liquid circulation box 33, and then sequentially passes through each second liquid outlet 3302 on the liquid circulation box 33 and the first liquid outlet 3302 on the microbubble generating box 30 connected to it.
  • the liquid inlet 3001 is circulated back to the micro-bubble generating box 30 for circulating use, and the circulating water flow has a certain kinetic energy, which can reduce the energy consumption of the impeller 31 .
  • the brushless motor 28 is an inner rotor underwater brushless motor.
  • the impeller 31 is a cylindrical hollow cavity with a top seal and a bottom seal.
  • the output shaft of the brushless motor 28 passes through the center of the impeller 31.
  • the impeller 31 is fixed on the output shaft of the brushless motor 28 through a coupling. It is arranged on the outer wall of the impeller 31 .
  • the thrust of the control impeller 31 on the upward flow of the liquid is smaller than the thrust of the impeller 31 on the liquid in the circumferential direction, so it is necessary to adjust the helical blade to have as small an inclination angle as possible, so that the water flow through the microporous material layer 2 Rotate as many turns as possible in the process to make full use of the liquid that consumes energy to move.
  • the above-mentioned purpose can also be achieved, which can be adjusted according to the actual situation during the working process.
  • the liquid circulation pipe 25 is provided with a flow regulating valve 32 , and the flow rate of the liquid passing through the liquid circulation pipe 25 can be adjusted by the flow regulating valve 32 .
  • the cross-sectional area of the cutting water channel 34 is slightly smaller than the cross-sectional area of the first liquid inlet 3001, so as to ensure that the water flow outside the gas-containing chamber 1 can be close to the outer surface of the microporous material layer 2 to cut the micro-bubbles.
  • the cross-sectional area of the cutting water channel 34 should be slightly smaller than the cross-sectional area of the first liquid inlet 3001, otherwise the air outlet will be blocked, and the outlet pressure of the air pump 5 needs to be increased);
  • the water flow on the side is essentially an invalid water flow (the fine air bubbles on the outer surface of the microporous material layer 2 cannot be cut), therefore, the smaller the cross-sectional area of the cutting water channel 34, the better the effect, and the water flow through the cutting water channel 34 Only then can it be in close contact with the outer surface of the microporous material layer 2 , thereby improving the cutting efficiency of the fine air bubbles on the microporous material layer 2 .
  • the gas transmission pipeline 3 includes a third gas transmission main pipe 309, one end of the third gas transmission main pipe 309 is located above the liquid level, and the other end of the third gas transmission main pipe 309 extends into the container
  • a third blocking block 311 is sealed in the air chamber 1 and inside the third air transmission main pipe 309, and four third air transmission branch pipes 310 are connected to the third air transmission main pipe 309 located in the air containing chamber 1,
  • Each third gas transmission branch pipe 310 is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the third gas transmission main pipe 309;
  • the third gas transmission branch pipe 310 includes a horizontal pipe section and a vertical pipe section, one end of the horizontal pipe section is connected to the third gas transmission main pipe 309, and the horizontal pipe section is connected to the third gas transmission main pipe 309.
  • the other end of the pipe extends horizontally to a position close to the microporous material layer 2 and is connected to the top end of the vertical pipe section, and the bottom end of the vertical pipe section extends vertically downward.
  • the gas from the gas source is transported into the gas containing chamber 1 through the third gas delivery main pipe 309 and each third gas delivery branch pipe 310 , and the gas can be distributed evenly on the inner wall of the microporous material layer 2 as much as possible.
  • the micro-bubble generating device further includes a second upper cover 26 and a second lower cover 27
  • the microporous material layer 2 is a vertical cylindrical structure with openings at both ends.
  • the second upper cover 26 is sealed at the top opening of the microporous material layer 2
  • the second lower cover 27 is sealed at the bottom opening of the microporous material layer 2
  • the third gas delivery branch pipe 310 passes through the second upper cover from top to bottom
  • the cover 26 extends into the gas-containing chamber 1 .
  • the connection between the second upper cover 26 and the microporous material layer 2 and between the second lower cover 27 and the microporous material layer 2 may be sealed and fixed by means of a sealant or the like.
  • the microporous material layer 2 , the second upper cover 26 and the second lower cover 27 are combined to form the shearing head 4 below the liquid, and the liquid can rotate and flow along its circumferential direction.
  • the micro-bubble generating device further includes a third fixing base 29 , the third fixing base 29 is located below the micro-bubble generating box 30 , and the brushless motor 28 is fixed on the top of the third fixing base 29 .
  • the stability of the brushless motor 28 is improved by the third fixing base 29 to prevent the brushless motor 28 from shaking under the action of external force during operation.
  • the air-accommodating chamber 1 is a cylindrical structure enclosed by a microporous material layer 2 to form a seal at both ends, and the axial direction of the air-accommodating chamber 1 is horizontal
  • a second hollow shaft 36 is arranged along the axial direction of the inner axis of the air-accommodating chamber 1.
  • the second hollow shaft 36 is provided with a plurality of air intake holes 3601 that communicate with the air-accommodating chamber 1.
  • the two hollow shafts 36 respectively protrude to the outside of the gas-containing chamber 1 and are respectively connected with the first driving motor 35 and the gas pipeline 3 .
  • the length of the air-accommodating chamber 1 is not limited by the depth of water, and the length of the air-accommodating chamber 1 can be adjusted arbitrarily even in a shallow water environment.
  • the length of the gas-containing chamber 1 is too long, it will lead to the problem of poor structural stability, but this problem is not considered in this application.
  • the air-accommodating chamber 1 since the air-accommodating chamber 1 is arranged in the horizontal direction, it overcomes the large water pressure difference between the upper and lower ends of the air-accommodating chamber 1 when it is arranged in the vertical direction, which leads to the air output at the upper and lower ends.
  • the pressure difference between the upper part and the lower part of the gas-containing chamber 1 depends on the diameter of the gas-containing chamber 1 .
  • the diameter of the gas-containing chamber 1 is much smaller than the axial length of the gas-containing chamber 1 .
  • the diameter of the gas-containing chamber 1 is about 10 cm, and the axial length of the gas-containing chamber 1 is greater than 1 m.
  • annular first baffles are respectively provided along the circumferential direction of the air-accommodating chamber 1 . 37.
  • the outer diameter of the first blocking piece 37 is larger than the diameter of the gas-containing chamber 1 .
  • the micro-nano bubbles have diffused into a larger water body, and the concentration of Greatly reduced, the proportion of extruded large bubbles will also be greatly reduced, thereby greatly reducing the impact of water flow hedging on micro-nano bubbles.
  • the larger the diameter of the first baffles 37 the better the blocking effect on the water flow, but because the water wrapped between the two first baffles 37 will be driven to rotate with the gas-containing chamber 1, there will be increased energy consumption Therefore, a balance needs to be made between the particle size of the generated bubbles and the energy consumption.
  • annular second blocking piece 38 is provided on the outer wall of the gas-containing chamber 1 and located between the two first blocking pieces 37 along the circumferential direction of the gas-containing chamber 1 .
  • the diameter of the second blocking piece 38 is larger than the diameter of the first blocking piece 37 .
  • the second blocking piece 38 is located in the middle of the outer wall of the gas-containing chamber 1 , because the diameter of the two first blocking pieces 37 cannot be increased due to the consideration of power consumption, and the negative pressure outside the two first blocking pieces 37 will interfere with each other.
  • the water flow is squeezed, so that the water flow will collide at the middle position of the two first baffles 37, resulting in an increase in the proportion of large air bubbles, and adding a second baffle 38 between the two first baffles 37 can effectively prevent For the hedging of the water flow, the disposition of the second baffle 38 will not lead to a large increase in power consumption except for increasing the friction between itself and the water body.
  • the micro-bubble generating device further includes a fourth fixing base 39 and a first bracket 40 , the bottom of the first bracket 40 is fixed on the fourth fixing base 39 through screws and nuts, and the first driving motor 35 is fixedly arranged on the top of the first bracket 40, the rotating shaft of the first driving motor 35 is arranged in the horizontal direction and is connected with one end of the second hollow shaft 36 through the self-aligning coupling 41, and the other end of the second hollow shaft 36 passes through the bearing.
  • the structure is rotatably arranged on the first bracket 40 , the second hollow shaft 36 and on both sides of the bearing structure are respectively sleeved with annular second sealing rings 42 , and the inside of the second hollow shaft 36 passes through the bearing seat and the bearing.
  • the sealing pipe 43 is communicated with the gas pipeline 3 to ensure a good sealing effect.
  • the micro-bubble generating device includes a mounting plate 44 that can vibrate in a horizontal direction, and the microporous material layer 2 is enclosed on the top of the mounting plate 44 to form a gas-containing chamber 1 (The microporous material layer 2 can also be sleeved on the outside of the mounting plate 44 to form the gas-containing chamber 1), the gas-containing chamber 1 is provided with an air inlet connected to the gas pipeline 3, and the A second driving motor 45 is disposed below, the second driving motor 45 is fixed at the bottom center position of the mounting plate 44, and the motor shaft of the second driving motor 45 is perpendicular to the surface of the mounting plate 44 arranged in the horizontal direction.
  • the vibration force generated by the second drive motor 45 is distributed on the vertical plane of the motor shaft.
  • the second drive motor 45 is installed vertically along the direction of the output shaft and the mounting plate 44.
  • the eccentric block on the output shaft of the second drive motor 45 The generated centrifugal force drives the entire mounting plate 44 to generate high-frequency reciprocating motion in the horizontal direction under the cooperation of the spring 46 .
  • the gas permeates from the microporous material layer 2 and is cut to form micro-nano bubbles, because the micro-nano bubbles will be affected by the capillary adsorption force and/or the surface between the bubbles and the microporous material layer 2.
  • the effect of tension gradually increases and aggregates with surrounding bubbles.
  • the micro-nano bubbles will be cut by the water body during the high-frequency reciprocating motion of the mounting plate 44 in the horizontal direction.
  • the micro-nano bubbles enter the water body in the form of micro-nano bubbles with the original upward motion potential energy. If the mounting plate 44 does not vibrate in the horizontal direction in a still water body, the bubbles coming out of the microporous material layer 2 are sparse and rise rapidly. After the mounting plate 44 vibrates horizontally, the bubbles will It becomes dense and slowly rises. Therefore, in this embodiment, it has a better effect in the flowing water body.
  • micro-nano bubbles will be washed away by the water flow to dilute and diffuse the micro-nano bubbles.
  • the inertial trend of rising to the water surface caused by continuous generation is destroyed, and the micro-nano bubbles dispersed into the surrounding larger water body will appear dispersed in the water and be in a state of extremely slow rising.
  • the second drive motor 45 drives the mounting plate 44 to vibrate, it can be clearly observed that the bubbles generated by the microporous material layer 2 begin to become smaller and denser.
  • the vibration frequency increases to a certain value, the bubbles begin to become larger and sparser due to the collision and aggregation, and the frequency further increases, and the bubbles become larger and sparser. Therefore, micro-nano bubbles with different particle sizes can be obtained by adjusting the vibration frequency of the mounting plate 44; different microporous materials have different particle sizes of the initial bubbles.
  • the particle sizes of the initial bubbles are also slightly different, and it is necessary to adjust the vibration frequency of the second driving motor 45 to ensure that the generated bubbles are within the required suitable range.
  • the second drive motor 45 can be but is not limited to a vibration motor.
  • the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of the eccentric block in the vibration motor is combined with the horizontally placed spring 46 to drive the mounting plate 44 to generate vibration in the horizontal direction.
  • the conventional method is that the springs are placed vertically, and the output vibrates up and down to achieve the effect of vibrating and sieving objects. This is the need for an innovative use of the vibration motor in conjunction with the present invention.
  • the micro-bubble generating device further includes a fifth fixing base 47 and a second bracket 48 , the bottom of the second bracket 48 is fixed on the fifth fixing base 47 through screws and nuts, and the mounting plate 44 is A square or circular plate-shaped structure arranged in the horizontal direction, the middle positions of each edge of the mounting plate 44 are welded with steel sheets respectively, and the steel sheets extend to the bottom of the mounting plate 44 in the vertical direction, and the edges of the mounting plate 44 are respectively
  • a spring 46 is provided (the spring 46 is connected with the mounting plate 44 through screws and nuts), and the other end of the spring 46 is connected with the second bracket 48. Below the liquid level, the spring 46 is in a horizontal state.
  • the mounting plate 44 can also be polygonal.
  • the micro-bubble generating device includes a hollow column 51 arranged in a vertical direction, the top of the hollow column 51 is sealed, and the bottom is connected to the gas pipeline 3 , and the gas pipeline 3 extends into the interior of the hollow column 51, the bottom of the hollow column 51 is provided with a third drive motor 49 that can drive the hollow column 51 to rotate, and the hollow column 51 is connected with a plurality of air-holding chambers 1 communicated with its interior, each of which is Microporous material layers 2 are respectively provided on the gas-containing chambers 1 .
  • the microporous material layer 2 can be a flat plate-like structure arranged in the horizontal direction, and the microporous material layer 2 is covered on the top of the gas-containing chamber 1; the microporous material layer 2 can also be cylindrical, so as to surround the gas-containing chamber The perimeter of chamber 1.
  • the third driving motor 49 drives the hollow column 51 to rotate, each gas-containing chamber 1 and the microporous material layer 2 rotate synchronously with the hollow column 51, and the gas in each gas-containing chamber 1 flows from the microporous material layer. 2 It emerges and is cut by the water body, and the gas enters the water body under the drive of its original upward power to form micro-nano bubbles.
  • a plurality of gas-accommodating chambers 1 are arranged in multiple layers at intervals in the vertical direction, and the gas-accommodating chambers 1 in each layer are spaced along the circumferential direction of the hollow column 51 and Evenly distributed.
  • the cross-section of the gas-containing chamber 1 (that is, the cross-section of the microporous material layer 2 ) may be, but not limited to, a rectangle distributed at intervals. If the gas-containing chamber 1 is a complete annular ring arranged on the outer side of the hollow pillar 51 along the circumferential direction of the hollow pillar 51, it has its own shortcomings: that is, the complete annular ring is easily damaged by the centrifugal force during the rotation process.
  • micro-nano bubbles generated by the inner ring of the porous material layer 2 are thrown outward (that is, the micro-nano bubbles generated by the inner ring of the microporous material layer 2 are driven to move to the outer ring of the microporous material layer 2) and interact with the microporous material layer 2.
  • the micro-nano bubbles produced by the outer ring of the The spaced arrangement between the two adjacent microporous material layers 2 helps to shorten the continuous process of collision and aggregation, and has widely diffused into the water body before large bubbles larger than 100um in diameter are formed, greatly reducing the probability of collision.
  • the micro-bubble generating device further includes a sixth fixed base 50 , the sixth fixed base 50 is a disk-shaped structure arranged in the horizontal direction, and the third drive motor 49 is an inner rotor motor,
  • the third drive motor 49 is fixedly arranged on the top of the sixth fixed base 50, the bottom end of the hollow column 51 is connected to the inner rotor of the third drive motor 49, and the gas pipeline 3 passes through the sixth fixed base 50 and the first
  • the central hole of the inner rotor of the three drive motors 49 extends into the hollow column 51, and the height of the gas pipeline 3 extending into the hollow column 51 is lower than the height of the gas chamber 1, so that the gas pipeline 3 can be transported through the gas pipeline.
  • the gas in the hollow column 51 can smoothly enter into each gas-containing chamber 1, and the gas itself has upward kinetic energy.
  • the particle size of the fine bubbles produced in the present invention can be adjusted according to actual needs.
  • the present invention has four factors to determine the particle size of the micro-bubble: the first is the pore size and air permeability of the microporous material layer 2, the pore size and air permeability of different material parameters are different, and the parameters of the same material also have certain fluctuations according to the actual use environment ;
  • the second is the rotational speed of the micro-bubble cutting. The higher the rotational speed, the smaller the particle size of the micro-bubble cut, but it is also affected by the air permeability of the material.
  • the third is the air pressure in the air chamber 1, which can be regulated by the air pump 5, and the larger the air pressure The larger the air output, the larger the particle size of the micro-bubble, and vice versa.
  • the outer diameter of the microporous material layer 2 is increased to 240mm, and the height is increased to 1000mm, and the energy consumption per liter in this case needs to be calculated.
  • the energy consumption is 12W; when the height is 66mm, the energy consumption is 7.5W.
  • the surface area of the microporous material layer 2 is doubled, the energy consumption increases by 4.5W.
  • the second device selection the power of the motor (brushless motor 28) is 1500W; the aperture of the microporous material layer 2 is 1 ⁇ m, the outer diameter of the microporous material layer 2 is 80 mm, and the height of the microporous material layer 2 in the vertical direction is selected 200mm; the height of the impeller 31 is 30mm, the diameter is 70mm, the number of spiral blades is 4, and the width of the spiral blades is 5mm, and the inclination of the spiral blades (that is, the angle between the horizontal directions of the spiral blades) is 10°, The width of the first liquid inlet 3001 is 2 mm, and the width of the cutting water channel 34 is 1.5 mm.
  • the motor speed is 1000 rpm
  • the voltage of the motor is 30V
  • the current of the motor is 10A
  • the air pressure in the gas chamber 1 is 0.5 atmospheres
  • the air flow is 3.9L/M.
  • the energy consumption required by the air pump 5 for conveying each liter of gas is 0.8W
  • the total energy consumption required for conveying each liter of flow gas is 77.7W.
  • the energy consumption per liter of air intake is 275W (data published by the existing manufacturer).
  • the first type of equipment ie: driving the microporous material layer 2 to rotate

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Abstract

一种微细气泡发生方法及发生装置，微细气泡发生方法包括，气体穿过微孔材料，并在微孔材料与液体之间的交界面上形成微细气泡，气泡被吸附在微孔材料表面；通过微孔材料与液体的相对运动，对吸附于微孔材料上的微细气泡产生切割力进行冲击，以使微细气泡与微孔材料相脱离进入至液体内；微细气泡发生装置包括设置于液面以下的容气腔室（1）和输气管道（3），容气腔室（1）的外围环设有微孔材料层（2），通过气压使容气腔室（1）内的气体穿过微孔材料层（2）并在其外表面形成微细气泡；微孔材料层（2）运动和/或位于微孔材料层（2）外侧的液体运动，以对微细气泡进行切割。

Description

微细气泡发生方法及发生装置
相关申请
本申请要求专利申请号为202110406058.6、申请日为2021年04月15日、发明创造名称为“微细气泡发生方法及发生装置”的中国发明专利的优先权。
技术领域
本发明涉及气液两相界面交互技术领域，尤其涉及一种微细气泡发生方法及发生装置。
背景技术
早在60年代人们就发现了微纳米气泡的存在，并应用于造影技术上。2000年后，日本率先开始对微纳米气泡的更多特性和应用进行研究，并发现微纳米气泡具有在水中上升速度极其缓慢、自增压溶解、传质效率极高(超过95％)等特性，其还具有能够大幅提高气体的溶解度、表比接触面积大、界面电位高、气浮效果优越、降低液体的流动阻力、气泡微观领域中的爆炸打断周围水分子化学键产生自由基等特性。
对于水产养殖来说，能两倍以上提高鱼类养殖密度、大幅缩短养殖周期、提高饲料转化率，气浮的特性又能把鱼粪和残余的鱼饲料融化水中的絮状物气浮到水面，大幅降低水里的氨氮和亚硝酸盐指标，做到零抗生素、零尾水养殖，不仅能够增产，而且对鱼类的食品安全和环境治理上意义重大。
对于农作物种植来说，微纳米气泡能够使水稻种植增产50％以上，使水稻的根系更加发达，大大提高其抗倒伏能力，原理在于植物的根系需要吸氧，土壤里大部分微生物为好氧型，微生物越活跃、土壤肥力越强，根系越发达，从而达到增产的效果。用微纳米气泡水种植作物，增产同时还能够治理改良土壤环境。
对于改善水体来说，高溶氧值是水治理的关键，黑臭水体产生的根本原因是缺氧，把氧补足，使生态链能够自我恢复，水体得到治理。
另外，微纳米气泡还能够降低液体滑动阻力，达到船舶提速的效果。
微纳米气泡不仅局限于空气、氧气，还可以为二氧化碳、臭氧等气体，高浓度、高接触面积的臭氧水体为工业界的高级氧化技术，应用意义非凡，不仅工业，臭氧水体应 用在食品的消毒杀菌，也能取得重大作用。另外，高浓度的二氧化碳水体能助力微藻制油的产业化。微纳米气泡技术本质就是一种高效气液混合技术，打破非极性气体难溶于水的常规，是一个基础工艺，会像电一样渗透到各领域，带来技术上的突破。
微纳米气泡有如此重要的作用，但是一直没有在生产实际中得到大规模的推广应用，只是停留应用实验的研究，核心问题在于微纳米气泡发生器的能耗极高，增产不增收。而到目前为止，各种发生器的能耗问题一直没有突破，大部分微纳米气泡发生器都是利用水泵产生的高速水流去切割气体，现有设计的思路也仅局限于如何循环重复利用高速水流，实质上也无法达到极大降低能耗的目的。
现阶段，微细气泡有多种发生方法，如超声波法、加压释压溶气法、文丘里射流法以及旋转切割法等，但由于超声波法产生的气泡量有限，而加压释压溶气法所需要的设备结构复杂、实施难度大等原因，目前普遍采用的微气泡发生方法为文丘里射流法和旋转切割法。其中，旋转切割法的原理实质与加压释压法的原理相同，均是通过高速旋转的液体加压溶气，在出口处释压以产生微细气泡，旋转切割法与加压释压法相比降低了实现难度，省去了复杂的加压设备，而旋转切割法与文丘里射流法相比水流是旋转向前流动的，水气融合过程更长，在出口处形成的气泡粒径更为细腻。但文丘里射流法和旋转切割法的前端均需要使用大型水泵或者溶气泵(要求扬程达到20m至40m，水压为0.2MPa至0.5MPa)，该两种方法在低速、低压情况下无法产生微细气泡；受水泵自身的限制，水气比目前无法超过10：1(即：产生1体积的微细气泡，需要10体积的高速水流)；另外，产生微细气泡的文丘里管和旋转切割器都有通过收缩管径，使水流获得加速，最后从出口处进行高速射流，因此文丘里管和旋转切割器产生微细气泡都需要巨大的能耗，而且水在挤压过程中旋转摩擦生热也是高能耗的一个重要因素。采用文丘里射流法和旋转切割法时，则需要大型车辆(如：叉车或者吊车等)才能对大型水泵或者溶气泵进行运输，施工难度大，上述多种问题均很大程度制约了微细气泡的在实际生产中的推广运用。
针对相关技术中产生微细气泡过程中能耗高、难度大，微细气泡发生效果不佳的问题，目前尚未给出有效的解决方案。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种微细气泡发生方法及发生装置，通过对气体施压使其通过透过微孔材料并在微孔材料与液体之间的交界面上形成微细气泡，再通过微孔材料与 液体之间的相对运动，在气泡自身变大以及和相邻各微细气泡发生融合快速变大之前对微细气泡进行切割，使其剥离微孔材料表面以微气泡(直径小于100μm)形式进入至液体中，从而达到产生微细气泡的目的，该过程由于无需液体高速运动以及高压下挤压摩擦生热，大大降低生产能耗、节约成本，而且设备结构简单、便于操作，具有极大的经济效益，适于推广使用。
本发明可采用下列技术方案来实现的：
本发明提供了一种微细气泡发生方法，所述微细气泡发生方法包括：
气体穿过微孔材料，并在所述微孔材料与液体之间的交界面上形成微细气泡；
通过所述微孔材料与所述液体的相对运动，对吸附于所述微孔材料上的所述微细气泡进行冲击，以使所述微细气泡与所述微孔材料相脱离进入至所述液体内。
本发明提供了一种微细气泡发生装置，所述微细气泡发生装置包括设置于液面以下的容气腔室和向所述容气腔室内输送气体的输气管道，所述容气腔室的外围环设有可供所述容气腔室内的气体穿过的微孔材料层，所述输气管道的一端位于所述液面以上并接入气体源，所述输气管道的另一端伸入至所述容气腔室内，以通过气压使所述容气腔室内的气体穿过所述微孔材料层并在所述微孔材料层的外表面形成微细气泡；
所述微孔材料层运动和/或位于所述微孔材料层外侧的液体运动，以对所述微细气泡进行切割，使所述微细气泡进入液体内。
本发明的有益效果是：
一、该微细气泡发生装置通过向容气腔室内通入气体，在容气腔室内形成一定压力，在气压的作用下使容气腔室内的气体穿过微孔材料层并在微孔材料层的外表面与液体之间的交界面上形成微细气泡，通过驱动微孔材料层与液体之间发生相对运动，从而通过液体对吸附于微孔材料层上的微细气泡进行冲击，使微细气泡脱离微孔材料层而进入液体内，达到产生微细气泡的目的。本发明在工作过程中的能耗主体不是让气体运动的能耗，而是克服容气腔室在液体中做旋转运动所受到摩擦阻力的能耗，不过本发明要求容气腔室转动或者液体沿容气腔室旋转流动的速度大于气体从微孔材料层穿过的速度即可，而气体流动的速度通常是每秒厘米级，同时优选表面摩擦系数较小的微孔材料作为微孔材料层，带动液体流速完全可控制在每秒一米级以下，因此工作过程中所需的转速较低，而且本发明中产生微细气泡所需的条件没有水气比的限制，该过程无需高速水流，避免了摩擦生热耗能的问题，因此，能够有效降低生产能耗、节约生产成本，而且能够快速产生大量、粒径均匀的微细气泡，具有极大的经济效益。
二、该微细气泡发生装置的重量和体积与现有微气泡发生装置相比均大幅度减低，本发明所采用的动力设备是电机，1KW的电机机身重量在0.5公斤以下，而本装置大部分规格功率要求在1KW以下，微孔材料也是轻质材料，而本发明的重量主要在于是固定底座等配套设备，因此，整体装置的重量可控制在10公斤以内，整个装置的体积可做到直径30cm、高度120cm以内，实际使用过程中人工即可进行安装。
三、该微细气泡发生装置根据实际需要调整体积，进而调控微细气泡的产生量，可将整个装置微型化，动力设备采用低功率的微型电机，其它部分也都可以相应缩小，从而极大扩展微细气泡的应用领域，比如可以进入到家用民用领域，人们可以现做现喝高氧水、高氢水保障身体健康，另外，还可用于制作臭氧水，用于蔬菜、水果、肉类保鲜，去除农药残留等。
四、该微细气泡发生装置结构简单、便于操控原材料均为工业成品，适于大规模生产；另外，本发明低能耗、低功率，装置所需约30瓦的功率就可以产生微细气泡，可采用太阳能板进行供电，能在田间地头、江河湖泊进行微细气泡的生产，微细气泡已经被证实对农作物增产、河道污水治理有显著作用，把阳光、空气和水充分利用起来，这效果对于现有的旋转切割法来说是无法实现的。
五、该微细气泡发生装置产生的微细气泡的粒径分布一致性高。现有微细气泡发生装置所产生的微细气泡的粒径分布从纳米级到微米级(1纳米至200微米)均会存在，而发明中微细气泡粒径的一致性取决于微孔材料孔径分布的一致性，现在微孔材料具有良好的品质，由此产生的微细气泡的粒径范围具有良好的一致性。
六、该微细气泡发生装置通过微孔材料的运行，带着气体旋转形成高速气流切割液体，这一思路的转换，实现能耗一百倍以上的降低，而且通过装置的改进，还有更大的提高空间，当能耗不再是微纳米气泡发生的瓶颈时，微纳米气泡对各个行业所带来的改变将有非凡的意义。
附图说明
以下附图仅旨在于对本发明做示意性说明和解释，并不限定本发明的范围。其中：
图1：为本发明微细气泡发生方法的流程图。
图2：为本发明微细气泡发生装置的结构示意图之一。
图3：为图2中液面以下部分的结构示意图。
图4：为本发明微细气泡发生装置的结构示意图之二。
图5：为图4中液面以下部分的结构示意图。
图6：为本发明微细气泡发生装置的结构示意图之三。
图7：为图6中液面以下部分的结构示意图。
图8：为本发明微细气泡发生装置的结构示意图之四。
图9：为本发明微细气泡发生装置的结构示意图之五。
图10：为本发明微细气泡发生装置的结构示意图之六。
图11：为图10中微细气泡发生装置的俯视图。
具体实施方式
为了对本发明的技术特征、目的和效果有更加清楚的理解，现对照附图说明本发明的具体实施方式。
如图1所示，本发明提供了一种微细气泡发生方法，该微细气泡发生方法包括如下步骤：
步骤S1：气体穿过微孔材料，并在微孔材料与液体之间的交界面上形成微细气泡；
具体的，步骤S1包括：
步骤S101：在容气腔室1的外围沿容气腔室1的周向环设微孔材料层2，并将容气腔室1投放于液面以下；
步骤S102：输气管道3的一端位于液面以上并接入气体源，输气管道3的另一端与容气腔室1相连通，通过输气管道3向容气腔室1内充入气体，以在容气腔室1内形成一定气压；
步骤S103：在容气腔室1内气压的作用下，容气腔室1内的气体穿过微孔材料层2并在微孔材料层2的外表面形成微细气泡。
步骤S2：通过微孔材料与液体的相对运动，对吸附于微孔材料上的微细气泡进行冲击，以使微细气泡在变大到100μm之前能够与微孔材料相脱离进入至液体内。
具体的，驱动微孔材料层2沿自身周向转动和/或驱动位于微孔材料层2外侧的液体沿微孔材料层2的周向流动，从而通过微孔材料层2与液体之间的相对运动对微细气泡进行切割，使微细气泡摆脱微孔材料层2的吸附力和/或气泡与微孔材料层2之间的表面张力而进入液体内，从而产生大量的微细气泡。
进一步的，步骤S2中，液体对微细气泡的剪切力大于微孔材料毛细管效应对微细气泡的吸附力和/或气泡与微孔材料层2之间的表面张力，才能够使气泡被冲击脱离微孔 材料以微细气泡的形式进入液体内。
进一步的，微细气泡由形成至被切割与微孔材料相脱离的时间小于自身变大以及和相邻各微细气泡相融合后快速变大形成大气泡(以直径100μm为界)所需的时间。如果没有外力(即：液体对微细气泡的剪切力)的干扰，再小孔径的微孔材料的表面所产生的气泡都会在微孔材料的毛细管吸附力和/或气泡与微孔材料层2之间的表面张力的作用下逐步变大并和相邻的气泡融合形成更大气泡，直到气泡的浮力能克服毛细管吸附力和/或气泡与微孔材料层2之间的表面张力后才会脱离微孔材料的表面以大气泡(直径为200μm以上)的形式进入到液体内。因此，需要在微孔材料与液体之间的交界面上形成微细气泡后快速对其进行切割，确保在气泡的直径在增大到100μm之前使其进入液体内。
在本发明的另一个可选实施例中，步骤S2中，液体处于静止状态，且微孔材料处于运动状态，并带动进入微孔材料中的气体同步运动，以通过微孔材料的运动对形成于微孔材料与液体之间的交界面上的微细气泡进行冲击(或切割)。虽然如上所述，通过液体的运动也能切割出微纳米气泡，但本发明的更优实施例中，采用微孔材料的运动，而液体处于静止状态，其与微孔材料外侧的液体运动相比能够极大降低能耗。微孔材料获得运动所需速度后就不再额外消耗能量，而不断进入微孔材料的气体被带动起来所需的耗能极低。如果通过液体的运动来切割静止不动的微孔材料上产生的微孔气泡，液体提速到相同速度(即：与微孔材料相同的转速)所需要的耗能远远大于微孔材料带动气体提速到相同速度的耗能(两者之前存在将近6个数量级的差别)。
在本发明的一个可选实施例中，步骤S2中，微孔材料处于静止状态，且液体处于运动状态，通过液体的运动以对形成于微孔材料与液体之间的交界面上的微细气泡进行冲击(或切割)。
进一步的，当然，微孔材料并不限于带有微孔的材料，其还可以为电解过程中在材料表面产生微细气泡的阴极或者阳极。
如图2至图7所示，本发明提供了一种微细气泡发生装置，该微细气泡发生装置包括容气腔室1和输气管道3，输气管道3用于向容气腔室1内输送气体以在容气腔室1内形成一定的气压，容气腔室1的外围沿容气腔室1的周向环设有可供容气腔室1内的气体穿过的微孔材料层2，将容气腔室1设置于液面以下，输气管道3的一端位于液面以上并接入气体源，输气管道3的另一端伸入至容气腔室1内，以通过气压使容气腔室1内的气体穿过微孔材料层2的空隙并在微孔材料层2的外表面形成微细气泡；驱动微 孔材料层2周向转动和/或驱动位于微孔材料层2外侧的液体沿微孔材料层2的周向流动，通过液体与微孔材料层2的相对运动对微孔材料层2外表面上的微细气泡进行切割，使微细气泡进入液体内。当然，微孔材料层2并不局限于周向转动，液体也不局限于沿微孔材料层2的周向流动，可采用多种运动形式(如：左右摆动等)，能够满足液体对微孔材料层2的外表面上的微细气泡进行快速切割即可。
虽然通过液体的运动也能切割出微纳米气泡，但采用微孔材料的运动，而液体处于静止状态，其与微孔材料外侧的液体运动相比能够极大降低能耗。微孔材料获得运动所需速度后就不再额外消耗能量，而不断进入微孔材料的气体被带动起来所需的耗能极低。如果通过液体的运动来切割静止不动的微孔材料上产生的微孔气泡，液体提速到相同速度所需要的耗能远远大于微孔材料带动气体提速到相同速度的耗能。
进一步的，如图2、图4、图6所示，输气管道3上沿气体的流向顺序设置有气泵5、一级过滤器6和二级过滤器7，气泵5、一级过滤器6和二级过滤器7均位于液面以上，二级过滤器7上滤芯的孔径小于一级过滤器6上滤芯的孔径和微孔材料层2的孔径。通过一级过滤器6和二级过滤器7对气体中的灰尘进行滤除，其中一级过滤器6用于滤除气体中的大粒径灰尘，二级过滤器7用于滤除气体中的小粒径灰尘，确保长期工作状态下微孔材料层2不会被灰尘堵塞，延长装置的使用寿命。另外，一级过滤器6和二级过滤器7上的滤芯均为便于更换的易耗品，可定期进行更换。容气腔室1内的气体可通过容气腔室1转动所产生的离心力穿过微孔材料层2，并在容气腔室1内形成负压，以便气体源的气体进入容气腔室1内进行补充；但是，微孔材料层2上的孔隙越小，其气阻越大，在气体旋转产生的离心力不足以穿过微孔材料层2的情况下，可通过气泵5将气体泵入容气腔室1内，以增大容气腔室1内的气压，进而增加容气腔室1内气体的穿透力，确保气体顺利穿过微孔材料层2。另外，也可以通过提高容气腔室1的转速加大离心力来使气体更容易穿透，但该种方法与增加气泵5相比需要更大的能耗。
进一步的，如图2、图4、图6所示，位于气泵5上游的输气管道3上设置有流量计8，位于二级过滤器7下游的输气管道3上设置有压力表10，流量计8上设置有可控制气体流量的调节旋钮9。通过流量计8可对气体的流量进行实时监测，并根据实际情况调节流量计8上的调节旋钮9，从而对气体单位时间内的流量进行控制，来调整微细气泡的粒径。其中，流量计8可为但不限于玻璃转子流量计。
进一步的，微孔材料层2由下至上的厚度逐渐增大，以平衡容气腔室1内上下水压差带来的出气不均匀的问题，从而保证气泡粒径的一致性，微孔材料层2各位置上的厚 度可根据实际采用的微孔材料的气阻性能不同进行调整。在实际使用过程中，微孔材料层2的厚度保证其有足够强度支撑容气腔室1进行运动即可，微孔材料层2越薄气阻越小，微孔材料层2的气体穿透性越好；容气腔室1的尺寸规格没有限制，容气腔室1体积越大，微孔材料层2的表面积越大，通气量越大，但相应在旋转过程中所受到的摩擦阻力也会越大。
进一步的，微孔材料层2的孔径小于5μm。
在本发明的一可选实施例中，如图2、图3所示，微细气泡发生装置还包括带动容气腔室1周向旋转的外转子电机13，外转子电机13设置于容气腔室1内，外转子电机13的转子与微孔材料层2的下部内壁密封之间通过密封胶进行密封固定连接，通过外转子电机13的转子即可带动即可带动微孔材料层2进行旋转运动。在本实施例中，通过外转子电机13和微孔材料层2组合形成能够在液体以下做旋转运动的剪切头4。本实施例可理解为微孔材料的运动带动了穿进微孔材料内的气体运动，以旋转切割液体产生微细气泡，与现有旋转切割法让液体高速旋转相比能耗差距巨大，让气体和让液体达到同样运动速度理论能耗是两个数量级以上的差别。其中，外转子电机13为外转子水下工作无刷电机。
进一步的，如图2、图3所示，微细气泡发生装置还包括第一固定底座12，微孔材料层2为竖向设置的、顶部封口、底部开口的圆筒状结构，微孔材料层2的顶部设置有微孔材料制成且与微孔材料层2一体成型的密封盖11，密封盖11呈向上凸起的空心半球形结构，外转子电机13的底部与第一固定底座12的顶部密封固定连接，第一固定底座12对微孔材料层2起到支撑作用，保证装置处于稳定的工作状态。
具体的，如图2、图3所示，输气管道3包括第一输气主管301，第一输气主管301的一端位于液面以上，第一输气主管301的另一端依次穿过第一固定底座12和外转子电机13伸入至容气腔室1内并在第一输气主管301的内部密封有第一封堵块14，第一输气主管301穿过外转子电机13的中心孔并与外转子电机13通过密封胶密封连，位于容气腔室1内的第一输气主管301上连接有四根第一输气支管302，各第一输气支管302沿第一输气主管301的周向均匀分布；第一输气支管302包括水平管段和竖直管段，水平管段的一端连接于第一输气主管301上，水平管段的另一端沿水平方向延伸至靠近微孔材料层2位置并与竖直管段的顶端连接，竖直管段的底端沿竖向向下延伸。通过第一输气主管301与各第一输气支管302将气体源的气体输送至容气腔室1内，并能够尽可能的让气体均匀地分布于微孔材料层2的内壁上。
在本发明的另一可选实施例中，如图4、图5所示，微细气泡发生装置还包括内转子电机15，内转子电机15用于带动容气腔室1周向旋转，输气管道3包括第二输气主管303和第一空心轴306，第一空心轴306为内转子电机15的输出轴，且在第一空心轴306的内部密封有第二封堵块307，第一空心轴306穿过容气腔室1且与第二输气主管303的一端连接，第二输气主管303的另一端位于液面以上，位于容气腔室1内的第二输气主管303上连接有四根第二输气支管304，各第二输气支管304沿第二输气主管303的周向均匀分布；第二输气支管304包括水平管段和竖直管段，水平管段的一端连接于第二输气主管303上，水平管段的另一端沿水平方向延伸至靠近微孔材料层2位置并与竖直管段的顶端连接，竖直管段的底端沿竖向向下延伸，通过第二输气主管303与各第二输气支管304将气体源的气体输送至容气腔室1内，并能够尽可能的让气体均匀地分布于微孔材料层2的内壁上。第一空心轴306即为内转子电机15的输出轴，也用于对气体进行输送。其中，内转子电机15为内转子水下工作无刷电机。
进一步的，如图4、图5所示，微细气泡发生装置还包括第一上盖16和第一下盖17，微孔材料层2为竖向设置、两端开口的圆筒状结构，第一上盖16密封设置于微孔材料层2的顶部开口，第一下盖17密封设置于微孔材料层2的底部开口处，第一空心轴306由下至上依次穿过第一下盖17、容气腔室1和第一上盖16，且第一空心轴306分别通过法兰联轴器18与第一下盖17和第一上盖16密封固定连接。其中，第一上盖16与微孔材料层2之间以及第一下盖17与微孔材料层2之间可通过密封胶等连接方式进行密封固定。在本实施例中，通过内转子电机15、微孔材料层2、第一上盖16和第一下盖17组合形成能够在液体以下做旋转运动的剪切头4。
进一步的，如图4、图5所示，第一空心轴306与第二输气主管303之间连接有直管308，且直管308与第二输气主管303之间通过气管快装接头305连接，以使第一空心轴与第二输气主管非接触连通。
进一步的，如图4、图5所示，微细气泡发生装置还包括轴承座固定盘20和第二固定底座19，轴承座固定盘20位于第二固定底座19的上方，轴承座固定盘20与第二固定底座19之间通过多根连接柱21连接，容气腔室1和内转子电机15均设置于轴承座固定盘20与第二固定底座19之间，内转子电机15位于容气腔室1的下方，且内转子电机15固定于第二固定底座19上，第一空心轴306穿过轴承座固定盘20伸出；位于轴承座固定盘20上方的第一空心轴306由上至下依次套设有轴承24和第一密封圈23，轴承24和第一密封圈23均设置于轴承座22内，直管308的底部通过密封胶粘接于轴 承24的顶部。通过上述结构可提高装置整体的稳定性，防止内转子电机15运行时在外力的作用下发生抖动。
在本发明的另一可选实施例中，如图6、图7所示，微细气泡发生装置还包括微气泡发生箱30和无刷电机28，无刷电机28用于带动微孔材料层2外侧的液体沿容气腔室1的周向旋转流动，微气泡发生箱30为竖向设置的顶部开口、底部封口的圆筒状结构，无刷电机28位于容气腔室1的下方，无刷电机28的输出轴竖向向上设置，无刷电机28的输出轴上设置有叶轮31，叶轮31的外壁上设置有对液体提供向上推力的多个螺旋叶片，叶轮31靠近容气腔室1的底部，且容气腔室1和叶轮31均设置于微气泡发生箱30的内部，微孔材料层2与微气泡发生箱30的内壁之形成有切割水通道34；微气泡发生箱30的底部沿微气泡发生箱30的周向开设有环形的第一进液口3001，微气泡发生箱30的顶部开设有多个第一出液口3002，微气泡发生箱30的底部设置有液体循环箱33，液体循环箱33为沿水平方向设置的环状结构，液体循环箱33上开设有多个第二进液口3301和第二出液口3302，第二出液口3302为沿液体循环箱33的周向开设的环形开口，第二出液口3302与第一进液口3001相连通，且第一进液口3001还与外部液体相连通，各第一出液口3002分别通过液体循环管道25与对应的第二进液口3301相连通，各第二进液口3302沿液体循环箱33内壁的切向延伸，以在液体循环箱33内形成与叶轮31旋转方向相同的旋转水流。在工作过程中，叶轮31旋转并在微气泡发生箱30内形成负压，液体通过环状的第一进液口3001吸入至微气泡发生箱30内并向上流动，液体向上流动的同时在微孔材料层2的外侧沿其周向旋转流动，从而对微孔材料层2的外表面上的微细气泡进行切割，之后一部分液体通过微气泡发生箱30的顶部开口直接流出，另一部分液体通过微气泡发生箱30上的各液体循环管道25流至对应的液体循环箱33内，再依次通过液体循环箱33上的各第二出液口3302和与其连通的微气泡发生箱30上的第一进液口3001循环回流至微气泡发生箱30内循环使用，循环回流的水流具有一定的动能，能够降低叶轮31的能耗。其中，无刷电机28为内转子水下工作无刷电机。
进一步的，叶轮31为顶部封口、底部封口的圆柱状空心腔体，无刷电机28的输出轴穿过叶轮31中心，叶轮31通过联轴器固定在无刷电机28的输出轴上，螺旋叶片设置于叶轮31的外壁上。在使用过程中，控制叶轮31对液体向上流动的推力小于叶轮31对液体在周向上旋转的推力，因此需要调节螺旋叶片具有尽可能小的倾斜角度，从而让水流在流过微孔材料层2的过程中旋转尽可能多的圈数，以对消耗能量运动起来的液体进行充分利用。另外，通过增加容气腔室1的高度，也可达到上述目的，在工作过程中 根据实际情况进行调整即可。
进一步的，如图6所示，液体循环管道25上设置有流量调节阀32，通过流量调节阀32可对通过液体循环管道25的液体流量进行调节。
进一步的，切割水通道34的横截面积要略小于第一进液口3001的横截面积，从而保证容气腔室1外侧的水流能够贴紧微孔材料层2的外表面对微细气泡进行切割(切割水通道34的横截面积要略小于第一进液口3001的横截面积即可，否则会导致出气受阻，需要增加气泵5的出气压强)；远离微孔材料层2的外表面一侧的水流实质上为无效水流(无法对微孔材料层2的外表面上的微细气泡进行切割)，因此，切割水通道34的横截面积越小效果越好，通过切割水通道34的水流才能紧贴微孔材料层2的外表面，从而提高对微孔材料层2上微细气泡的切割效率。
具体的，如图6、图7所示，输气管道3包括第三输气主管309，第三输气主管309的一端位于液面以上，第三输气主管309的另一端伸入至容气腔室1内并在第三输气主管309的内部密封有第三封堵块311，位于容气腔室1内的第三输气主管309上连接有四根第三输气支管310，各第三输气支管310沿第三输气主管309的周向均匀分布；第三输气支管310包括水平管段和竖直管段，水平管段的一端连接于第三输气主管309上，水平管段的另一端沿水平方向延伸至靠近微孔材料层2位置并与竖直管段的顶端连接，竖直管段的底端沿竖向向下延伸。通过第三输气主管309与各第三输气支管310将气体源的气体输送至容气腔室1内，并能够尽可能的让气体均匀地分布于微孔材料层2的内壁上。
进一步的，如图6、图7所示，微细气泡发生装置还包括第二上盖26和第二下盖27，微孔材料层2为竖向设置、两端开口的圆筒状结构，第二上盖26密封设置于微孔材料层2的顶部开口处，第二下盖27密封设置于微孔材料层2的底部开口处，第三输气支管310由上至下穿过第二上盖26并伸入容气腔室1内。其中，第二上盖26与微孔材料层2之间以及第二下盖27与微孔材料层2之间可通过密封胶等连接方式进行密封固定。在本实施例中，通过微孔材料层2、第二上盖26和第二下盖27组合形成在液体以下、且液体能够沿其周向旋转流动的剪切头4。
进一步的，如图6所示，微细气泡发生装置还包括第三固定底座29，第三固定底座29位于微气泡发生箱30的下方，无刷电机28固定于第三固定底座29的顶部。通过第三固定底座29提高无刷电机28的稳定性，防止无刷电机28运行时在外力的作用下发生抖动。
在本发明的一个可选实施例中，如图8所示，容气腔室1为微孔材料层2围合形成两端封口的圆筒状结构，容气腔室1的轴向沿水平方向设置，容气腔室1的内部轴心位置沿其轴向设置有第二空心轴36，第二空心轴36上开设有与容气腔室1相连通的多个进气孔3601，第二空心轴36分别伸出至容气腔室1的外部并分别与第一驱动电机35和输气管道3相连接。由于容气腔室1沿水平方向设置，容气腔室1的长度不会受到水深的限制，即使在水浅的环境中，也可对容气腔室1的长度进行任意调整。当然，容气腔室1的长度如果过长会导致结构稳定性欠佳的问题，但该问题在本申请中不做考虑。
在本实施例中，由于容气腔室1沿水平方向设置，克服了沿竖直方向设置时容气腔室1在上、下两端的水压差较大而导致上、下两端的出气量和气泡粒径不一致的问题，而容气腔室1沿水平方向设置时，容气腔室1上部和下部之间的压差则取决于容气腔室1的直径。
进一步的，如图8所示，容气腔室1的直径远小于容气腔室1的轴向长度。其中，容气腔室1的直径约为10cm，容气腔室1的轴向长度大于1m。
在本实施例中，如图8所示，容气腔室1的外壁上且位于容气腔室1的两端分别沿容气腔室1的周向设置有圆环状的第一挡片37，第一挡片37的外径大于容气腔室1的直径。当容气腔室1旋转时，会带动附近的水体旋转外甩，在靠近微孔材料层2的位置形成负压区域，负压区域的形成会导致位于容气腔室1左右两侧的水体补充至负压区域，对所形成的刚脱离微孔材料层2的微纳米气泡进行挤压，导致部分切割出来的微纳米分气泡结合形成更大的气泡，特别是在紧贴微孔材料层2外壁的位置负压最大，切割出的微纳米气泡又压挤成更大气泡，而且左右两侧的水流会在微孔材料层2外侧的中间位置产生对冲，更容易结合成大气泡。在设置了两第一挡片37后，水流只能在两第一挡片37以外的区域对所产生的微纳米气泡进行挤压，此时微纳米气泡已扩散到更大的水体中，浓度大大降低，挤压成大气泡的比例也会大幅降低，从而大大降低水流对冲对微纳米气泡所造成的影响。其中，第一挡片37的直径越大，对水流的阻挡效果越好，但因为两第一挡片37之间包裹的水体会被带动随容气腔室1旋转，会存在增大能耗的缺点，所以在产生气泡的粒径与能耗之间需要进行平衡。
进一步的，如图8所示，容气腔室1的外壁上且位于两第一挡片37之间的位置上沿容气腔室1的周向设置有圆环状的第二挡片38，且第二挡片38的直径大于第一挡片37的直径。第二挡片38位于容气腔室1的外壁的中间位置，由于两第一挡片37出于功耗的考虑而无法增大其直径，两第一挡片37之外因负压形成会对水流进行挤压，以使 水流会在两第一挡片37的中间位置发生对冲，导致大气泡产生的比例增加，而在两第一挡片37之间增设第二挡片38，能够有效防止水流的对冲，第二挡片38的设置除了增加了其自身与水体之间的摩擦外，不会导致功耗的大量增加。
具体的，如图8所示，微细气泡发生装置还包括第四固定底座39和第一支架40，第一支架40的底部通过螺丝和螺母配合固定于第四固定底座39上，第一驱动电机35固定设置于第一支架40的顶部，第一驱动电机35的转轴沿水平方向设置并通过调心联轴器41与第二空心轴36的一端连接，第二空心轴36的另一端通过轴承结构能转动地设置于第一支架40上，第二空心轴36上且位于轴承结构的两侧分别套设有圆环状的第二密封圈42，第二空心轴36的内部通过轴承座及密封管43与输气管道3相连通，以确保良好的密封效果。
在本发明的一个可选实施例中，如图9所示，微细气泡发生装置包括能沿水平方向振动的安装板44，微孔材料层2在安装板44的顶部围合形成容气腔室1(微孔材料层2也可套设在安装板44的外侧以形成容气腔室1)，容气腔室1上设置有与输气管道3相连接的进气口，安装板44的下方设置有第二驱动电机45，第二驱动电机45固定于安装板44的底部中心位置，第二驱动电机45的电机轴与沿水平方向设置的安装板44的板面相垂直。第二驱动电机45产生的振动力是分布在电机轴的垂直面上，将第二驱动电机45沿着输出轴的方向和安装板44垂直安装，第二驱动电机45的输出轴上的偏心块产生的离心力在弹簧46的配合下带动整个安装板44产生在水平方向上的高频往复运动。在安装板44高频往复运动状态下，气体从微孔材料层2透出并切割形成微纳米气泡，由于微纳米气泡会因为毛细管吸附力和/或气泡与微孔材料层2之间的表面张力的作用逐渐变大以及和周围的气泡聚合，因此，需要在微纳米气泡还没有变成大气泡之前，安装板44在水平方向上的高频往复运动过程中微纳米气泡会被水体切割，微纳米气泡带着原本向上的运动势能以微纳米气泡形式进入水体中。如果在静止的水体中，安装板44不在水平方向上振动时，从微孔材料层2中出来的气泡为稀疏并快速上升，安装板44水平振动后，因为被切割成微纳米气泡，气泡会变得浓密而且缓慢上升，因此，在本实施例中，在流动的水体中具有更好的效果，所形成的微纳米气泡会被水流冲走而对微纳米气泡进行稀释扩散，微纳米气泡因连续不断产生而造成上升到水面的惯性趋势被破坏，被分散到周围更大水体中的微纳米气泡会呈现弥散于水中并处于极其缓慢上升的状态。
在本实施例中，随着第二驱动电机45带动安装板44开始振动，可明显观察到，微 孔材料层2产生的气泡开始变小变密，随着振动频率的升高，气泡进一步变的更小更密，振动频率升高至某一个值后，因为碰撞相互聚合导致气泡开始变大变稀疏，频率再进一步升高，气泡变的更大更稀疏。因此，可以通过调整安装板44的振动频率，得到不同粒径大小的微纳米气泡；微孔材料不同，初始气泡的粒径也不同，同种微孔材料、同批次的每个微孔材料的初始气泡的粒径也略有不同，需要通过调整第二驱动电机45的振动频率，保证产生的气泡处于需要的适合的范围内。
进一步的，第二驱动电机45可为但不限于振动电机，本发明中是利用振动电机里的偏心块高速旋转产生的离心力结合水平放置的弹簧46，带动安装板44产生在水平方向的振动，和振动电机常规使用方法不同，常规是弹簧垂直放置，产出上下抖动，达到对物体震动分筛的效果。这是结合本发明需要对振动电机创新性的使用方法。
具体的，如图9所示，微细气泡发生装置还包括第五固定底座47和第二支架48，第二支架48的底部通过螺丝和螺母配合固定于第五固定底座47上，安装板44为沿水平方向设置的方形或者圆形平板状结构，安装板44的各边缘的中间位置分别焊接有钢片，钢片沿竖直方向向安装板44的下方延伸，安装板44的的各边缘分别设置有一个弹簧46(弹簧46通过螺丝和螺母配合与安装板44连接)，弹簧46的另一端与第二支架48连接，在液面以下，弹簧46处于水平状态。当然，安装板44也可为多边形。
在本发明的一个可选实施例中，如图10所示，微细气泡发生装置包括沿竖直方向设置的中空立柱51，中空立柱51的顶部封口、底部与输气管道3连接，输气管道3伸入至中空立柱51的内部，中空立柱51的底部设置有能带动中空立柱51转动的第三驱动电机49，中空立柱51上连接有与其内部相连通的多个容气腔室1，各容气腔室1上分别设置有微孔材料层2。微孔材料层2可为沿水平方向设置的平板状结构，微孔材料层2罩设于容气腔室1的顶部；微孔材料层2也可为筒状，从而环设于容气腔室1的外围。在使用过程中，第三驱动电机49带动中空立柱51旋转，各容气腔室1以及微孔材料层2随着中空立柱51同步转动，各容气腔室1内的气体从微孔材料层2冒出并被水体切割，气体在自身原有向上动力的带动下进入水体，形成微纳米气泡。
进一步的，如图10、图11所示，多个容气腔室1在竖直方向上呈多层间隔排布，每层中的各容气腔室1沿中空立柱51的周向间隔且均匀分布。
进一步的，容气腔室1的横截面(即：微孔材料层2的横截面)可为但不限于相隔分布的矩形。若容气腔室1为沿中空立柱51的周向环设于中空立柱51外侧的完整的圆环形，其存在自身的缺点：即完整的圆环形容易在转动过程中由于离心力的作用而使微 孔材料层2的内圈所产生的微纳米气泡外甩(即：驱动微孔材料层2的内圈所产生的微纳米气泡向微孔材料层2的外圈移动)并与微孔材料层2的外圈所生产的微纳米气泡相撞聚集在一起，如果这一过程持续不断就会形成大比例的大气泡，因此，在本发明的一可选实施例中，可将同一层的相邻两微孔材料层2之间间隔排布，有助于缩短相撞聚集的持续过程，在未形成直径大于100um的大气泡之前已经广泛扩散至水体中，大大降低相撞的几率。
具体的，如图10、图11所示，微细气泡发生装置还包括第六固定底座50，第六固定底座50为沿水平方向设置的圆盘状结构，第三驱动电机49为内转子电机，第三驱动电机49固定设置于第六固定底座50的顶部，中空立柱51的底端与第三驱动电机49的内转子连接，输气管道3由下至上依次穿过第六固定底座50以及第三驱动电机49的内转子的中心孔伸入至中空立柱51的内部，且输气管道3伸入至中空立柱51内的高度低于容气腔室1的高度，以使通过输气管道输送至中空立柱51内的气体能够顺利进入至各容气腔室1内，且气体自身具有向上的动能。
本发明产生的微细气泡的粒径可根据实际需要进行调节。本发明有四个因素可决定微细气泡的粒径：第一是微孔材料层2的孔径和透气性，不同材质参数的孔径和透气性不同，同一材质根据实际的使用环境其参数也有一定波动；第二是对微细气泡切割时的转速，转速越高，切割出的微细气泡的粒径越小，但也受材质透气性影响，如果微孔材料层2的孔径大、壁薄、透气性好，因为转速加大，气体旋转的离心力也增大，出气量的增大反而导致粒径更大；第三是容气腔室1内的气压，其可通过气泵5进行调控，气压越大出气量越大，微细气泡的粒径越大，反之越小；第四是流量计8上的调节旋钮9，通过改变系统的气阻，调节出气量，进而调节到微细气泡的粒径。
以下通过具体数据对本发明的能耗进行说明：
第一种设备选择：电机(外转子电机13或者内转子电机15)的功率为600W；微孔材料层2的孔径为1μm，微孔材料层2的外径为80mm，微孔材料层2在竖向上的高度分别选取66mm、134mm和200mm；一级过滤器6的过滤精度(即：滤芯的孔径)为10μm；二级过滤器7的过滤精度为0.1μm；气泵5采用微型气泵，气泵5的额定功率为12W，额定气流量为15L，每升功耗15/12＝0.8W。在实际使用过程中，当无刷电机28的转速为每分钟770转时，容气腔室1内压强为0.5个大气，明显可见弥散水中的微细气泡。
Figure PCTCN2022086569-appb-000001
表1
由表1的数据可进行推算：
产品化后，微孔材料层2的外径增加到240mm，高度增加到1000mm，需计算此种情况下的每升能耗。由于微孔材料层2的高度为200mm时，能耗为12W；高度为66mm时，能耗7.5W，微孔材料层2的表面积增加两倍后，能耗增加4.5W，可计算得出基础能耗为5.25W，而高度为66mm的微孔材料层2在转动过程中的摩擦阻力所带来的能耗是2.25W；当微孔材料层2的外径增加到240mm，高度增加到1000mm时，即微孔材料层2的表面积增加45倍后，此时摩擦阻力能耗为2.25×45＝101.3W，再加上5.25W的基础能耗，则总能耗为106.5W，气流量假设同倍数增长为1.2×45＝54，气体每升的能耗为106.5/54＝1.97，再加上气泵能耗0.8W，输送每升流量气体所需的总能耗为2.77W。
第二种设备选择：电机(无刷电机28)的功率为1500W；微孔材料层2的孔径为1μm，微孔材料层2的外径为80mm，微孔材料层2在竖向上的高度选取200mm；叶轮31的高度为30mm、直径为70mm，螺旋叶片的数量为4个，且螺旋叶片的宽度为5mm，螺旋叶片的倾斜度(即：螺旋叶片的水平方向的夹角)为10°，第一进液口3001的宽度为2mm，切割水通道34的宽度为1.5mm。当电机转速为每分钟1000转时，电机的电压为30V，电机的电流为10A，容气腔室1内的气压为0.5个大气压，气流量为3.9L/M，输送每升气体电机所需的能耗为30×10/3.9＝76.9W，输送每升气体气泵5所需的能耗为0.8W，输送每升流量气体所需的总能耗为77.7W。
现有技术的旋转切割法，每升流量进气的能耗为275W(现有厂家公开数据)，当选择第一种设备(即：驱动微孔材料层2进行转动)时，装置的总能耗降低68.07倍(275/4.04＝68.07)，产品化后推算装置的总能耗降低99.28倍(275/2.77＝99.28)；当选择第二种设备(即：驱动微孔材料层2外侧的液体沿微孔材料层2的周向流动)时，装 置的总能耗降低3.54倍(275/77.7＝3.54)。
以上所述仅为本发明示意性的具体实施方式，并非用以限定本发明的范围。任何本领域的技术人员，在不脱离本发明的构思和原则的前提下所作的等同变化与修改，均应属于本发明保护的范围。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种微细气泡发生方法，其中，所述微细气泡发生方法包括：
    气体穿过微孔材料，并在所述微孔材料与液体之间的交界面上形成微细气泡；
    通过所述微孔材料与所述液体的相对运动，对吸附于所述微孔材料上的所述微细气泡进行冲击，以使所述微细气泡与所述微孔材料相脱离进入至所述液体内。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的微细气泡发生方法，其中，所述液体对所述微细气泡的剪切力大于所述微孔材料的毛细管效应对所述微细气泡的吸附力或表面张力。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的微细气泡发生方法，其中，所述液体处于静止状态，且所述微孔材料处于运动状态，并带动进入所述微孔材料中的气体同步运动，以对形成于所述微孔材料与液体之间的交界面上的微细气泡进行冲击。
  4. 如权利要求1或2所述的微细气泡发生方法，其中，所述微孔材料处于静止状态，且所述液体处于运动状态，以对形成于所述微孔材料与液体之间的交界面上的微细气泡进行冲击。
  5. 如权利要求1或2所述的微细气泡发生方法，其中，所述微孔材料为电解过程中在材料表面产生微细气泡的阴极或者阳极。
  6. 一种微细气泡发生装置，其中，所述微细气泡发生装置包括设置于液面以下的容气腔室和向所述容气腔室内输送气体的输气管道，所述容气腔室的外围环设有可供所述容气腔室内的气体穿过的微孔材料层，所述输气管道的一端位于所述液面以上并接入气体源，所述输气管道的另一端伸入至所述容气腔室内，以通过气压使所述容气腔室内的气体穿过所述微孔材料层并在所述微孔材料层的外表面形成微细气泡；
    所述微孔材料层运动和/或位于所述微孔材料层外侧的液体运动，以对所述微细气泡进行切割，使所述微细气泡进入液体内。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的微细气泡发生装置，其中，所述输气管道上沿气体的流向顺序设置有气泵、一级过滤器和二级过滤器，所述二级过滤器上滤芯的孔径小于所述一级过滤器上滤芯的孔径和所述微孔材料层的孔径。
  8. 如权利要求6或7所述的微细气泡发生装置，其中，所述输气管道上设置有流量计和压力表，所述流量计上设置有可控制气体流量的调节旋钮。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的微细气泡发生装置，其中，所述微细气泡发生装置还包括带动所述容气腔室周向旋转的外转子电机，所述外转子电机设置于所述容气腔室内，所述外转子电机的外转子与所述微孔材料层的下部内壁密封固定连接。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的微细气泡发生装置，其中，所述微细气泡发生装置还包括第一固定底座，所述微孔材料层为竖向设置的、顶部封口、底部开口的筒状结构，所述微孔材料层的顶部设置有微孔材料制成且与所述微孔材料层一体成型的密封盖，所述密封盖呈向上凸起的空心半球形结构，所述外转子电机的底部与所述第一固定底座的顶部密封固定连接。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的微细气泡发生装置，其中，所述输气管道包括第一输气主管，所述第一输气主管的一端位于所述液面以上，所述第一输气主管的另一端依次穿过所述第一固定底座和所述外转子电机伸入至所述容气腔室内并在所述第一输气主管的内部密封有第一封堵块，所述第一输气主管穿过所述外转子电机的中心孔并与所述外转子电机密封固定连接，位于所述容气腔室内的所述第一输气主管上连接有多根第一输气支管，各所述第一输气支管沿所述第一输气主管的周向均匀分布；
    所述第一输气支管包括水平管段和竖直管段，所述水平管段的一端连接于所述第一输气主管上，所述水平管段的另一端沿水平方向延伸至靠近所述微孔材料层位置并与所述竖直管段的顶端连接，所述竖直管段的底端沿竖向向下延伸。
  12. 如权利要求6所述的微细气泡发生装置，其中，所述容气腔室为所述微孔材料层围合形成两端封口的筒状结构，所述容气腔室的轴向沿水平方向设置，所述容气腔室的内部轴心位置沿其轴向设置有第二空心轴，所述第二空心轴上开设有与所述容气腔室相连通的多个进气孔，所述第二空心轴分别伸出至所述容气腔室的外部并分别与第一驱动电机和所述输气管道相连接。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的微细气泡发生装置，其中，所述容气腔室的外壁上且位于所述容气腔室的两端分别沿所述容气腔室的周向设置有环状的第一挡片。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的微细气泡发生装置，其中，所述容气腔室的外壁上且位于两所述第一挡片之间的位置上沿所述容气腔室的周向设置有环状的第二挡片，且所述第二挡片的直径大于所述第一挡片的直径。
  15. 如权利要求13所述的微细气泡发生装置，其中，所述微细气泡发生装置还包括第四固定底座和第一支架，所述第一支架的底部固定于所述第四固定底座上，所述第一驱动电机设置于所述第一支架上，所述第一驱动电机的转轴沿水平方向设置并通过调心 联轴器与所述第二空心轴的一端连接，所述第二空心轴的另一端通过轴承结构能转动地设置于所述第一支架上，且所述第二空心轴的内部通过轴承座及密封管与所述输气管道相连通。
  16. 如权利要求6所述的微细气泡发生装置，其中，所述微细气泡发生装置包括能沿水平方向振动的安装板，所述微孔材料层在所述安装板的顶部围合形成所述容气腔室，所述容气腔室上设置有与所述输气管道相连接的进气口，所述安装板的下方设置有第二驱动电机，所述第二驱动电机固定于所述安装板的底部中心位置，所述第二驱动电机的电机轴与沿水平方向设置的所述安装板的板面相垂直。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的微细气泡发生装置，其中，所述第二驱动电机为振动电机。
  18. 如权利要求16所述的微细气泡发生装置，其中，所述微细气泡发生装置还包括第五固定底座和第二支架，所述第二支架的底部固定于所述第五固定底座上，所述安装板为沿水平方向设置的平板状结构，且所述安装板的各边缘的中间位置分别通过弹簧与所述第二支架连接，在液面以下，所述弹簧处于水平状态。
  19. 如权利要求17所述的微细气泡发生装置，其中，所述安装板为方形或圆形。
PCT/CN2022/086569 2021-04-15 2022-04-13 微细气泡发生方法及发生装置 WO2022218333A1 (zh)

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