WO2022218301A1 - 硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具及压铸成型设备 - Google Patents

硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具及压铸成型设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022218301A1
WO2022218301A1 PCT/CN2022/086335 CN2022086335W WO2022218301A1 WO 2022218301 A1 WO2022218301 A1 WO 2022218301A1 CN 2022086335 W CN2022086335 W CN 2022086335W WO 2022218301 A1 WO2022218301 A1 WO 2022218301A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mold
die
barrel
casting
shoe last
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/086335
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王决
宗永江
Original Assignee
北京东石联合贸易有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 北京东石联合贸易有限公司 filed Critical 北京东石联合贸易有限公司
Priority to US18/555,191 priority Critical patent/US20240190055A1/en
Priority to EP22787524.2A priority patent/EP4324633A1/en
Publication of WO2022218301A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022218301A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/26—Moulds
    • B29C45/2602—Mould construction elements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B3/00—Footwear characterised by the shape or the use
    • A43B3/02—Boots covering the lower leg
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/02—Transfer moulding, i.e. transferring the required volume of moulding material by a plunger from a "shot" cavity into a mould cavity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/26—Moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/26—Moulds
    • B29C45/27—Sprue channels ; Runner channels or runner nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/26—Moulds
    • B29C45/33—Moulds having transversely, e.g. radially, movable mould parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D35/00—Producing footwear
    • B29D35/0009—Producing footwear by injection moulding; Apparatus therefor
    • B29D35/0018—Moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D35/00—Producing footwear
    • B29D35/0009—Producing footwear by injection moulding; Apparatus therefor
    • B29D35/0018—Moulds
    • B29D35/0027—Last constructions; Mountings therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D35/00—Producing footwear
    • B29D35/0054—Producing footwear by compression moulding, vulcanising or the like; Apparatus therefor
    • B29D35/0063—Moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D35/00—Producing footwear
    • B29D35/0054—Producing footwear by compression moulding, vulcanising or the like; Apparatus therefor
    • B29D35/0063—Moulds
    • B29D35/0072—Last constructions; Mountings therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D35/00—Producing footwear
    • B29D35/02—Producing footwear made in one piece using a moulding technique, e.g. by injection moulding or casting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/26—Moulds
    • B29C2045/2693—Mould cores with a built-in injection nozzle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2021/00—Use of unspecified rubbers as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/48—Wearing apparel
    • B29L2031/50—Footwear, e.g. shoes or parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/48—Wearing apparel
    • B29L2031/50—Footwear, e.g. shoes or parts thereof
    • B29L2031/501—Boots

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a die-casting molding die for vulcanized rubber boots and die-casting molding equipment.
  • Vulcanized rubber boots are widely used in various industries, such as labor insurance, fire protection, fishing, outdoor sports, fashion... It has high requirements for waterproof performance. For certain working environments, it may be necessary to line the interior of vulcanized rubber boots with boot linings, especially those with foam and thermal insulation.
  • a rubber sheet of predetermined shape and thickness is first manufactured through processes such as kneading, extrusion, and calendering. Workers put the inner lining of the boot on the shoe last on the assembly line, and apply pre-manufactured rubber sheets of various shapes to the inner lining of the boot in a predetermined manner to form the barrel part of the vulcanized rubber boot. Depending on the process, the pre-manufactured sole can be glued to the barrel portion of the vulcanized rubber boot before or after vulcanization to complete the overall manufacture.
  • WO2020/114024A and WO2020/114170A respectively disclose a production process in which the vulcanized rubber is guided into a mold in an annular shape through a deflector, which can reduce the pressure required for the production process.
  • an optimized vulcanized rubber boot production equipment and/or process is provided, which improves the manner in which the vulcanized rubber is introduced into the mold.
  • a die-casting mold for vulcanized rubber boots comprising:
  • the combined barrel mold has an inner cavity corresponding to the barrel of the rubber boot
  • a last mold with spacer elements having a main body substantially corresponding to the shape of a barrel of a rubber boot, and two or more spacer elements disposed on the main body, the shoe last mold being adapted to be mounted to the barrel mold
  • a die-casting cavity is formed between the wall of the inner cavity of the barrel mold and the outer surface of the shoe last mold, and the die-casting cavity is separated by the shoe last mold and the barrel mold into two or more parts
  • the shoe last mold further comprises: a longitudinally extending glue injection channel extending longitudinally downward from the upper surface of the shoe last mold, and extending laterally from the longitudinally extending glue injection channel to the a laterally extending glue injection channel of the glue outlet on the surface of the last mould; and
  • a glue injection plate suitable for being installed on the top of the barrel mold to guide the injection of the unvulcanized compounded rubber is provided with: a glue injection hole, suitable for connecting with an external injection head to inject the unvulcanized compound glue; and a glue injection channel connecting the glue injection hole to the longitudinally extending glue injection channel.
  • the die-casting mold includes two or more longitudinally extending glue injection channels distributed along the longitudinal section of the shoe last mold.
  • the glue injection channel of the glue injection guide plate includes a guide channel suitable for guiding the unvulcanized compounded rubber material from the glue injection hole to each longitudinally extending glue injection channel.
  • the die-casting mold includes a plurality of laterally extending glue injection channels extending from each longitudinally extending glue injection channel.
  • the longitudinally extending glue injection channel extends in a vertical direction
  • the laterally extending glue injection channel extends in a horizontal direction
  • a plurality of glue outlets extending from the plurality of laterally extending glue injection channels are alternately distributed on the surface of the shoe last mold.
  • the diameter of the longitudinally extending glue injection channel is 10-20 mm, and the diameter of the laterally extending channel is 2-5 mm.
  • the die-casting mold includes a pair of shoe last molds corresponding to a pair of boots
  • the barrel mold includes two inner cavities corresponding to a pair of shoe last molds
  • the pair of shoe last molds is suitable for They are respectively installed into the two inner cavities to form a pair of die-casting cavities of the vulcanized rubber shoes.
  • the partition element of the shoe last mold includes two partition plates, respectively extending from the front side and the rear side of the shoe last mold; when the shoe last mold is installed to the corresponding When in the inner cavity, the two partition plates divide the corresponding die-casting cavity into a left cavity and a right cavity.
  • the barrel mold includes a left barrel mold and a right barrel mold that can be matched with each other; the two partition plates are the left and right cavities corresponding to the left barrel mold and the right barrel mold. Room is separated.
  • the partition element of the shoe last mold includes three partition elements; when the shoe last mold is installed in the barrel mold, the three partition elements divide the die-casting cavity into three parts chambers: middle, left and right chambers.
  • the barrel mold includes three barrel mold parts that can be fitted with each other; the three partition elements separate the middle, left and right chambers corresponding to the three barrel molds respectively open.
  • the press-molding cavity corresponds to the rubber part of the vulcanized rubber boot, and the rubber part covers the entire inner shell part of the boot, or partially covers part of the inner shell part of the boot.
  • the die-casting mold further includes:
  • a second shoe last mold is adapted to fit into the inner cavity of the barrel mold.
  • the second shoe last mold has a shape corresponding to the barrel of the rubber boot to form a barrel between the wall of the inner cavity of the barrel mold and the outer surface of the shoe last mold without isolation plate Body molding cavity.
  • the second shoe last mould has a shape different from that of the barrel of the rubber boot.
  • the inner surface of the barrel mold has features suitable for bonding with the rubber surface.
  • the die-casting mold further includes:
  • An outsole mold has an outsole injection hole and an outsole mold cavity corresponding to the shape of the sole of the rubber boot, and is used for die-casting the sole of the rubber boot;
  • the bottom joint part is clamped to the top of the barrel mold or the top of the glue injection plate.
  • a die-casting molding equipment for rubber boots comprising:
  • the high-pressure injection mechanism is used to pressurize and inject the prepared unvulcanized rubber compound into the injection hole of the die-casting mold;
  • a mold moving mechanism for moving various parts of the die-casting mold according to a preset program
  • the control mechanism is used to control the operation of the mold moving mechanism and the high-pressure injection mechanism.
  • the die-casting molding equipment further includes a heating device for heating the unvulcanized compounded rubber material.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a separated state of a die-casting mold of a vulcanized rubber shoe according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a clamping state of a die-casting mold of a vulcanized rubber shoe according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another separated state of a die-casting mold of a vulcanized rubber shoe according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another clamping state of the die-casting mold of the vulcanized rubber shoe according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a state of separation after completion of a die-casting mold of a vulcanized rubber shoe according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 6a and 6b are schematic diagrams of a vulcanized rubber shoe manufactured by a die-casting mold of the vulcanized rubber shoe according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a shoe last mold of a die-casting mold for vulcanized rubber boots according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing the distribution of the injection channels in the mold.
  • FIGS. 8a and 8b are perspective views of a shoe last mold of a die-casting mold for vulcanized rubber boots according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing the distribution of the injection channels on the surface of the mold.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a separated state of a die-casting mold of a vulcanized rubber shoe according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a partially closed state of a die-casting mold for a vulcanized rubber shoe according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a front barrel mold of a die-casting mold for a vulcanized rubber shoe according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the inventors of the present invention have created a method for guiding the injection of unvulcanized rubber. Die-casting molds for vulcanized compounds.
  • the inventors of the present invention have invented a related die-casting mold, production line and production process. The integrally formed one-piece vulcanized rubber boots produced using these equipment or processes are also within the scope of the present invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows a die-casting mold for vulcanized rubber boots according to an embodiment of the present invention, including: a combined barrel mold with an inner cavity corresponding to the barrel of the rubber boot; a shoe last mold with a separating element , having a main body substantially corresponding to the shape of the barrel of the rubber boot, and two or more spacer elements provided on the main body, the shoe last mould being adapted to fit into the inner cavity of the barrel mould to be located in all
  • a die-casting molding cavity is formed between the wall of the inner cavity of the barrel mold and the outer surface of the shoe last mold, and the die-casting molding cavity is divided into two or more by the shoe last mold and the barrel mold part
  • the shoe last mold further comprises: a longitudinally extending glue injection channel extending longitudinally downward from the upper surface of the shoe last mold, and a glue dispensing channel extending laterally from the longitudinally extending glue injection channel to the surface of the shoe last mold a glue injection channel extending laterally of the mouth; and a glue injection plate suitable
  • the above-mentioned die-casting cavity is used for die-casting the rubber part of the vulcanized rubber boot.
  • the above-mentioned die-casting cavities can die-cast different numbers of sheets, which are combined in subsequent steps to form the rubber portion of the vulcanized rubber boot.
  • the glue injection board 5 includes a board body.
  • the plate body is roughly square and made of a material suitable for making high pressure molds.
  • the plate body may be provided with a glue injection hole 11 for connecting with an external injection head to inject the unvulcanized compounded rubber.
  • the board body is also provided with a glue injection channel.
  • the die-casting mold of the vulcanized rubber boot includes two or more longitudinally extending glue injection channels distributed along the longitudinal section of the shoe last mold 21 .
  • the glue injection channel of the glue injection guide plate includes a guide channel suitable for guiding the unvulcanized compounded rubber material from the glue injection hole to each longitudinally extending glue injection channel.
  • the die-casting mold of the vulcanized rubber boot includes a plurality of laterally extending glue injection channels extending from each longitudinally extending glue injection channel.
  • the longitudinally extending glue injection channel extends in a vertical direction, and the laterally extending glue injection channel extends in a horizontal direction.
  • outlets of the plurality of laterally extending glue injection channels are staggeredly distributed on the surface of the shoe last mold.
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a shoe last mold of a die-casting mold for vulcanized rubber boots according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing the distribution of the injection channels in the mold.
  • 8a and 8b are perspective views of a shoe last mold of a die-casting mold for vulcanized rubber boots according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing the distribution of the injection channels on the surface of the mold.
  • each longitudinal glue injection channel communicates with one or more lateral glue injection channels, and the lateral glue injection channels communicate with the glue outlet 42 .
  • a glue injection hole 41 is provided on the top of the shoe last mold, which communicates with the outlet of the glue injection channel of the glue injection plate 5 .
  • the diameter of the longitudinally extending glue injection channel is 10-20 mm, and the diameter of the laterally extending channel is 2-5 mm. Other suitable sizes are also possible.
  • the die-casting mold of the vulcanized rubber boot includes a pair of shoe last molds corresponding to a pair of boots, and the barrel mold includes a pair of shoe last molds corresponding to a pair of shoe last molds.
  • Two inner cavities, the pair of shoe last moulds are suitable for being respectively installed in the two inner cavities to form a pair of die-casting moulding cavities of the vulcanized rubber boots.
  • the die-casting mold of the vulcanized rubber boot includes a shoe last mold corresponding to a boot
  • the barrel mold includes an inner cavity corresponding to a shoe last mold
  • the shoe last mold is suitable for It is installed into the inner cavity to form a die-casting cavity of a vulcanized rubber shoe.
  • the dividing element of each of the last moulds includes two dividing plates extending from the last mould to the front and rear sides, respectively; when the last mould is mounted to the When in the corresponding inner cavity of the barrel mold, the two partition plates divide the corresponding die-casting cavity into a left cavity and a right cavity.
  • the barrel mold includes a left barrel mold and a right barrel mold that can be installed to match each other; the two partition plates will correspond to the left barrel mold and the right barrel mold The left and right chambers are separated.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the clamping state of a die-casting mold for vulcanized rubber boots according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein two shoe last molds 21 are surrounded by a left barrel mold 31 and a right barrel mold 32, and the plastic injection plate is clamped to the mold to form a complete die-casting cavity in the die-casting mold.
  • the outsole mold is closed to the top of the plastic injection board.
  • the heated unvulcanized rubber compound can be injected into the die-casting cavity through the injection hole 11 to form two independent vulcanized rubber boot sheets.
  • the heated unvulcanized rubber compound is injected into the outsole mold through the glue injection hole 11 to form the outsole.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of another separated state of the die-casting mold for vulcanized rubber boots according to an embodiment of the present invention, at this time, the shoe last mold 21 with the partition element is removed, and the shoe last mold 22 without the partition element is put on the inside of the boot later moved in.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another mold clamping state of the die-casting mold for vulcanized rubber boots according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the shoe last mold 22 without a partition element is surrounded by the left barrel mold 31 and the right barrel mold 32. Clamp the bottom to the top of the mold.
  • the sheet, the outsole and the inner lining of the vulcanized rubber boot are combined with each other to form a complete vulcanized rubber boot.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a state of separation after completion of a die-casting mold of a vulcanized rubber shoe according to an embodiment of the present invention. At this point, the fully formed vulcanized rubber boot is formed on the last mold.
  • FIGS. 6a and 6b are schematic diagrams of a vulcanized rubber shoe manufactured by a die-casting mold of the vulcanized rubber shoe according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6a is an example of the vulcanized rubber completely covering the inner boot portion of the vulcanized rubber boot
  • Fig. 6b is an example of the vulcanized rubber partially covering the inner boot portion of the vulcanized rubber boot. The latter can be controlled by adjusting the shape of the die casting cavity formed.
  • the spacer elements of the shoe last mold include three spacer elements; when the shoe last mold is installed into the barrel mold, the three spacer elements The element divides the die casting cavity into three chambers: a middle chamber, a left chamber and a right chamber.
  • the three partition elements include, for example, a partition plate on the rear side and stepped portions on the left and right sides.
  • the barrel mold includes three barrel mold parts, such as a left barrel mold, a right barrel mold, and a front barrel mold, that can be installed in cooperation with each other.
  • the three separating elements separate the middle, left and right chambers corresponding to the three barrel molds, respectively.
  • FIG. 11 shows a perspective view of the front barrel mold 33 .
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic view of the insertion of two last moulds with spacer elements into the front barrel mould 33 .
  • the left barrel mold and the right barrel mold can be closed from both sides to surround the shoe last mold and the front barrel mold, and form a complete die-casting cavity.
  • the three separating elements can separate the die-casting cavity parts corresponding to the three barrel molds respectively.
  • the three separate chambers respectively correspond to the shapes of the corresponding parts of the barrel of the rubber boot, so that three separate barrel parts can be formed in the process of die-casting the rubber compound.
  • the three separate barrel sections can be joined in a subsequent step to form a complete barrel.
  • the above front, back, left and right orientations are defined relative to each shoe last mold, and the front is the direction of the toe part of the shoe last mold.
  • the upper and lower positions are defined relative to the upper and lower positions of the drawing in FIG. 1 .
  • the die-casting mold for vulcanized rubber boots further includes a second shoe last mold 22 without a separating element, which is suitable for being installed into the inner cavity of the barrel mold.
  • the second shoe last mold may have a shape corresponding to the barrel of a rubber boot to form a barrel molding between the wall of the inner cavity of the barrel mold and the outer surface of the shoe last mold without isolation plate cavity.
  • the second last mold may have a different shape than the barrel of the rubber boot.
  • the inner surface of the barrel mold has features suitable for bonding with the rubber surface.
  • two last molds are included, a last mold 21 with a spacer element, and a second last mold 22 without a spacer element.
  • the second last mould 22 without the dividing element is lined with the boot prior to use.
  • the boot lining can be a thicker boot lining, such as textile fabrics, foam materials, composite materials of textile fabrics and foam materials, composite materials of textile fabrics and insulation materials, composite materials of textile fabrics and foam materials and insulation materials, etc. .
  • the manufacturing method according to the invention is particularly advantageous for the one-piece manufacture of vulcanized rubber boots with thicker boot linings.
  • the die-casting mold for vulcanized rubber boots further includes: an outsole mold with a large-sole injection hole, and an outsole mold cavity corresponding to the shape of the sole of the rubber boot, for die-casting rubber
  • the sole of a boot the outsole mould has an outsole joint part, and is suitable for clamping the mould to the top of the barrel mould or the top of the glue injection plate through the outsole joint part.
  • the second last mold may have a different shape than the barrel of the rubber boot.
  • the main function of the second shoe last mold is to support the inside of the boot.
  • the second shoe last mold may have an inflation channel suitable for connecting to an external pressurized air source and a vent hole provided on the surface, so that the external pressurized air can be discharged from the surface, so as to push the inner lining of the boot to fit the barrel body and release the air to the surface.
  • the barrel exerts a certain amount of pressure to facilitate engagement of the separated barrel portions with each other.
  • an air bag is provided on the second shoe last mold. Since the inner lining of the boot may be breathable, resulting in uneven pressure application, a layer of airbags is arranged between the inner lining of the boot and the mold of the second shoe last, so that the inner lining of the boot and the barrel can be evenly pressed.
  • the airbag can, for example, surround the second last mould.
  • the top of the barrel mold and the bottom of the plastic injection board have matching joint parts, and the plastic injection board is suitable for clamping to the top of the barrel mold through the joint parts.
  • the concave-convex portion shown in FIG. 1 can be matched to the corresponding concave-convex portion on the top of the barrel mold.
  • Other bonding elements can also be used.
  • the die-casting mold may further include an outsole mold 4 having a glue injection hole 11 and an outsole cavity corresponding to the shape of the sole of the rubber boot, for die-casting the sole of the rubber boot.
  • the outsole mold 4 has an outsole joint part, and is suitable for clamping to the top of the barrel mold or the top of the glue injection plate through the outsole joint part when necessary.
  • a die-casting molding equipment for rubber boots comprising: the die-casting molding die according to any of the above-mentioned embodiments; a high-pressure injection mechanism for pressurizing the prepared unvulcanized rubber compound and forming Injection into the injection hole of the die-casting mold; a mold moving mechanism for moving each part of the die-casting mold according to a preset program; and a control mechanism for controlling the operation of the mold moving mechanism and the high-pressure injection mechanism.
  • the die-casting equipment may further include heating equipment for heating the unvulcanized compounded rubber material. For example, after the barrel mold and the second last mold are closed so that several separate barrel sections form a complete barrel, or preferably after the outsole is joined to the barrel, the preformed rubber boot is heated (and by other means) equipment pressurized) for vulcanization.
  • the operation of the die-casting mold and the die-casting equipment according to the present invention can refer to the following manufacturing method.
  • a method for manufacturing vulcanized rubber boots using the above-mentioned die-casting molding equipment comprising the following steps:
  • the barrel mold is closed to hold the shoe last mold with spacer elements in place in the barrel mold; the mold can now be held in place by appropriate positioning and clamping devices.
  • a shoe last mold with spacer elements is positioned in the barrel mold by the engagement of its spacer elements or positioning steps with the positioning elements of the barrel mold.
  • Additional fixtures can be provided in the die casting equipment to hold the barrel mold and the last mold in place.
  • hydraulic positioning means may be provided.
  • Figure 8b shows the spacer elements and positioning steps on a last mould with spacer elements according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the lower part of the glue injection plate and the top part of the barrel mould may be provided with positioning elements which can be engaged with each other. Additional fixtures can be placed in the die casting equipment to hold the injection plate and barrel mold in place. For example, hydraulic positioning means may be provided. At this time, the outlet of the glue injection channel of the glue injection plate is communicated with the inlet of the longitudinal glue injection channel of the top of the shoe last mold.
  • the injection mechanism can maintain high pressure to realize the injection process of the unvulcanized compound. At this time, since the injection outlets staggered on the surface of the shoe last mold guide the unvulcanized compound into separate die-casting cavities, it helps to reduce the pressure required for injection and the unvulcanized compound. The material is evenly distributed into the die-casting cavity. The unvulcanized compound in the injection mechanism can be properly heated to improve its fluidity.
  • the unvulcanized compounded rubber compound is formed in the separated die-casting molding cavity under the action of pressure and temperature, two or more separate parts of the cylinder body are respectively formed.
  • the last mold with spacer elements is withdrawn, these parts remain in continued fit with the corresponding parts of the barrel mold.
  • This can be achieved, for example, by selecting the material of the barrel mold and the shoe last mold with spacer elements, e.g. the inner surface of the barrel mold has a rougher surface, etc.; it can also be achieved by the temperature between the shoe last mold and the barrel mold or by providing features on the inner surface of the barrel mold that facilitate the incorporation of barrel parts.
  • the positioning of the second last mold in the barrel mold is similar to the above-described last mold with spacer elements.
  • the barrel mold is closed, and together with the second shoe last mold without the separating element, the various parts of the barrel and the inner lining of the boot are pressurized to fit together.
  • the barrel mold has a modular design, i.e. consists of two, three or more sections, the sections of the barrel mold can be separated to accommodate the last mold or a second last mold, which can be closed to separate from the belt spacer element
  • the last mold cooperates to form a separate die-casting cavity (for die-casting the rubber portion of the rubber boot), or cooperates with a second last mold without a dividing element to form a complete barrel molding cavity.
  • the separate parts of the barrel of the rubber boot formed are left on the parts of the barrel mold, and when the second last mold with the boot is inserted and the barrel is closed After the parts are moulded, the separate parts of the barrel of the resulting rubber boot can be joined to each other and to the lining of the boot.
  • an inflation channel in the second shoe last mold By arranging an inflation channel in the second shoe last mold, supplying high-pressure gas through an external air pressure source, and supplying pressurized gas to the surface of the second shoe last mold after closing the mold, so as to cover the shoe on the surface of the second shoe last mold.
  • the lining is pressed against the inner surface of the rubber boot to promote a mutual fit.
  • vulcanization is performed by providing a heating device near the mold, heating the closed mold to heat the barrel and the second shoe last mold, and pressurizing the rubber boot barrel with the above-mentioned pressurized gas. At this point, the various parts of the barrel and the inside of the boot together form a complete barrel.
  • the outsole mold Close the outsole mold (for example, close the outsole mold to the top of the plastic injection plate), and inject glue into the outsole injection hole of the outsole mold to form the shoe sole;
  • the sole mold is matched with the barrel mold (so that the outsole is joined to the barrel, and the inside of the boot fits to the outsole and barrel).
  • the unvulcanized compound is vulcanized, so that the barrel, the sole and the inner lining of the boot are integrally vulcanized to form a one-piece vulcanized rubber boot.
  • the method may further include: withdrawing the outsole mold after the vulcanization is completed, opening the barrel mold, and causing the vulcanized rubber boot to exit the die-casting equipment together with the second shoe last mold without the separating element.
  • the method may further include releasing the vulcanized rubber boot from the second last mold without the spacer element by air pressure.
  • the pressurized gas is directly supplied to the second shoe last mold.
  • a die-casting one-piece vulcanized rubber boot comprising an integrally die-casting barrel body, a sole and a boot lining, wherein: the barrel body has two front and rear parting lines; or the barrel The body has three parting lines left, right and rear; or more parting lines.
  • the die-casting integrated rubber boot is made by the above method.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具，包括：组合式筒身模具，具有与橡胶靴的筒身相对应的内腔；带分隔元件的鞋楦模具21，具有与橡胶靴的筒身形状基本对应的主体，和在主体上设置的两个或更多个分隔元件，鞋楦模具21适于安装到筒身模具的内腔中以在筒身模具的内腔的壁与鞋楦模具21的外表面之间形成压铸成型腔，压铸成型腔被鞋楦模具21和筒身模具分隔成两个或更多个部分，其中鞋楦模具21还包括：从鞋楦模具21的上表面向下纵向延伸的纵向延伸注胶通道，和从纵向延伸注胶通道横向延伸到鞋楦模具21表面的出胶口的横向延伸注胶通道；和适于安装到筒身模具顶部以引导注入未硫化混炼胶料的注胶板5，注胶板5上设置有：注胶孔11，适于与外部注射头连接以注入未硫化混炼胶料；和注胶通道，注胶通道将注胶孔11连通到纵向延伸注胶通道。

Description

硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具及压铸成型设备
相关申请的交叉援引
本申请要求2021年04月12日提交的中国专利申请CN202110391016.X的优先权，在此通过援引将其全部内容并入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具及压铸成型设备。
背景技术
硫化橡胶靴广泛应用于各种行业，如劳保，消防，渔业，户外运动，时装……其对于防水性能有很高的要求。对于某些特定条件的作业环境，可能需要在硫化橡胶靴的内部衬以靴内里，特别是带有发泡材料和保温材料的靴内里。
但是，与PVC材料等不同，由于橡胶材质具有流动性差的特性，当前在硫化橡胶靴制造业中，难以实现整体压铸成型，半自动化生产线占据了行业的主流。
在半自动化生产线中，首先通过混炼、挤出、压延等工序制造出预定形状和厚度的橡胶片材。工人在流水生产线上将靴内里套在鞋楦上，并预先制造的各种形状的橡胶片材按照预定方式紧密敷贴到靴内里上，形成硫化橡胶靴的筒身部分。根据工艺的不同，可在经过硫化之前或者之后将预先制造的靴底粘贴到硫化橡胶靴的筒身部分，从而完成整体制造。
为了检测是否漏气或漏水，需要利用专用设备对筒身部分或者整个硫化橡胶靴进行人工测试。通常而言，由于筒身部分是通过人工叠置橡胶片材来形成，这种方式制造的硫化橡胶靴有漏水的部位相当常见。某些部位很难在后续工艺中修补，因此其废品率相当高，极大地提高了硫化橡胶靴的生产成本。
文献WO2020/114024A和WO2020/114170A分别公开了一种通过导流板将硫化橡胶成环形导引到模具内的生产工艺，可以降低生产工艺所需压力。
本行业需要优化的硫化橡胶靴生产设备和/或工艺。
发明内容
根据本发明，提供了一种优化的硫化橡胶靴生产设备和/或工艺，改进了硫化橡胶引入模具的方式。
根据本发明的一个方面，提供一种硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具，包括：
组合式筒身模具，具有与橡胶靴的筒身相对应的内腔；
带分隔元件的鞋楦模具，具有与橡胶靴的筒身形状基本对应的主体，和在主体上设置的两个或更多个分隔元件，所述鞋楦模具适于安装到所述筒身模具的内腔中以在所述筒身模具的内腔的壁与所述鞋楦模具的外表面之间形成压铸成型腔，所述压铸成型腔被所述鞋楦模具和所述筒身模具分隔成两个或更多个部分，其中所述鞋楦模具还包括：从鞋楦模具的上表面向下纵向延伸的纵向延伸注胶通道，和从所述纵向延伸注胶通道横向延伸到所述鞋楦模具表面的出胶口的横向延伸注胶通道；和
适于安装到所述筒身模具顶部以引导注入未硫化混炼胶料的注胶板，所述注胶板上设置有：注胶孔，适于与外部注射头连接以注入未硫化混炼胶料；和注胶通道，所述注胶通道将所述注胶孔连通到所述纵向延伸注胶通道。
优选的，所述压铸成型模具包括沿着所述鞋楦模具的纵向剖面分布的两个或更多个纵向延伸注胶通道。
优选的，所述注胶导板的注胶通道包括适于将未硫化混炼胶料从注胶孔引导到各个纵向延伸注胶通道的引导通道。
优选的，所述压铸成型模具包括从每个纵向延伸注胶通道延伸出的多个横向延伸注胶通道。
优选的，所述纵向延伸注胶通道在竖直方向上延伸，所述横向延伸注胶通道在水平方向上延伸。
优选的，所述多个横向延伸注胶通道延伸到的多个出胶口交错分布在所述鞋楦模具表面。
优选的，所述纵向延伸注胶通道直径为10-20mm，所述横向延伸通道直径为2-5mm。
优选的，所述压铸成型模具包括与一双靴子相对应的一对鞋楦模具，所述筒身模具包括与一对鞋楦模具相对应的两个内腔，所述一对鞋楦模具适于分别安装到所述两个内腔中，形成一对硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型腔。
优选的，其中，所述鞋楦模具的分隔元件包括两个分隔板，分别从所述鞋楦模具向前侧和后侧延伸；当所述鞋楦模具安装到所述筒身模具的对应内腔中时，所述两个分隔板将对应的所述压铸成型腔分隔成左腔室和右腔室。
优选的，所述筒身模具包括可彼此匹配安装的左筒身模具和右筒身模具；所述两个分隔板将与左筒身模具和右筒身模具对应的左腔室和右腔室分隔开。
优选的，其中，所述鞋楦模具的分隔元件包括三个分隔元件；当所述鞋楦模具安装到所述筒身模具中时，所述三个分隔元件将所述压铸成型腔分隔成三个腔室：中间腔室、左腔室和右腔室。
优选的，所述筒身模具包括可彼此配合安装的三个筒身模具部分；所述三个分隔元件将分别与三个筒身模具对应的中间腔室、左腔室和右腔室分隔开。
优选的，所述鋳压成型腔对应于硫化橡胶靴的橡胶部分，所述橡胶部分覆盖整个靴内里筒身部分，或者部分覆盖部分靴内里筒身部分。
优选的，所述压铸成型模具还包括：
不带分隔元件的第二鞋楦模具，适于安装到所述筒身模具的内腔中。
优选的，所述第二鞋楦模具具有橡胶靴的筒身对应的形状，以在所述筒身模具的内腔的壁与所述不带隔离板的鞋楦模具的外表面之间形成筒身成型腔。
优选的，所述第二鞋楦模具具有不同于橡胶靴的筒身的形状。
优选的，所述筒身模具的内表面具有适于与橡胶表面结合的特征。
优选的，所述压铸成型模具还包括：
大底模具，具有大底注胶孔，和与橡胶靴的鞋底形状对应的大底模腔，用于压铸成型橡胶靴的鞋底；所述大底模具具有大底结合部位，并适于通过大底结合部位合模到所述筒身模具的顶部或所述注胶板的顶部。
根据本发明另一个方面，还提供一种用于橡胶靴的压铸成型设备，包括：
根据权利要求前述方面中任一项所述的压铸成型模具；
高压注入机构，用于将制备好的未硫化混炼胶料加压并注入到压铸成型模具的注胶孔；
模具移动机构，用于按照预先设定的程序移动所述压铸成型模具的各个部分；和
控制机构，用于控制模具移动机构和高压注入机构的操作。
优选的，所述压铸成型设备还包括加热设备，用于对未硫化混炼胶料进行加热。
虽然根据本发明的实施例表述为应用于压铸成型工艺，但同样可以适用于注射成型工艺；并且本发明的保护范围也意在覆盖这样的应用。
附图说明
通过以下详细的描述并结合附图将更充分地理解本发明，其中相似的元件以相似的方式编号，其中：
图1是根据本发明一个实施例的硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具的分开状态示意图。
图2是根据本发明一个实施例的硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具的合模状态示意图。
图3是根据本发明一个实施例的硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具的另一分开状态示意图。
图4是根据本发明一个实施例的硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具的另一合模状态示意图。
图5是根据本发明一个实施例的硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具的完成后分开状态示意图。
图6a和图6b是根据本发明一个实施例的硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具制造的硫化橡胶靴示意图。
图7是根据本发明一个实施例的硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具的鞋楦模具透视图，示出了注胶通道在模具内的分布状况。
图8a和8b是根据本发明一个实施例的硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具的鞋楦模具立体图，示出了注胶通道在模具表面的分布状况。
图9是根据本发明另一个实施例的硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具的分开状态示意图。
图10是根据本发明另一个实施例的硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具的部分合模状态示意图。
图11是根据本发明另一个实施例的硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具的前筒身模具立体图。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例，并结合附图，对本发明的技术方案作进一步详细的说明，但本发明不限于下面的实施例。
一方面，为了解决橡胶(例如未硫化混炼胶料)流动性差，难以实现注射成型或者压铸成型橡胶靴(例如整体成型的一体式硫化橡胶靴)，本发明的发明人制造出用于引导注入未硫化混炼胶料的压铸成型模具。另一方面，为了解决难以实现整体成型的带靴内里的硫化橡胶靴，本发明的发明人发明了相关的压铸成型模具、生产线和生产工艺。利用这些设备或工艺生产的整体成型的一体式硫化橡胶靴也在本发明的保护范围内。
图1示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的一种硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具，包括：组合式筒身模具，具有与橡胶靴的筒身相对应的内腔；带分隔元件的鞋楦模具，具有与橡胶靴的筒身形状基本对应的主体，和在主体上设置的两个或更多个分隔元件，所述鞋楦模具适于安装到所述筒身模具的内腔中以在所述筒身模具的内腔的壁与所述鞋楦模具的外表面之间形成压铸成型腔，所述压铸成型腔被所述鞋楦模具和所述筒身模具分隔成两个或更多个部分，其中所述鞋楦模具还包括：从鞋楦模具的上表面向下纵向延伸的纵向延伸注胶通道，和从所述纵向延伸注胶通道横向延伸到所述鞋楦模具表面的出胶口的横向延伸注胶通道；和适于安装到所述筒身模具顶部以引导注入未硫化混炼胶料的注胶板，所述注胶板上设置有：注胶孔，适于与外部注射头连接以注入未硫化混炼胶料；和注胶通道，所述注胶通道将所述注胶孔连通到所述纵向延伸注胶通道。
上述压铸成型腔用于压铸成型硫化橡胶靴的橡胶部分。根据带分隔元件的鞋楦模具和筒身模具的结构，上述压铸成型腔可以压铸成型不同片数的片材，这些片材在后续步骤中结合以形成硫化橡胶靴的橡胶部分。
注胶板5包括板体。板体大致为方形，由适于制造高压模具的材料制成。
板体上可以设置有注胶孔11，用于与外部注射头连接以注入未硫化混炼胶料。板体上还设置有注胶通道。
所述的硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具包括沿着所述鞋楦模具21的纵向剖面分布的2个或更多个纵向延伸注胶通道。
所述注胶导板的注胶通道包括适于将未硫化混炼胶料从注胶孔引导到各个纵向延伸注胶通道的引导通道。
所述的硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具包括从每个纵向延伸注胶通道延伸出的多个横向延伸注胶通道。
所述纵向延伸注胶通道在竖直方向上延伸，所述横向延伸注胶通道在水平方向上延伸。
所述多个横向延伸注胶通道的出口交错分布在所述鞋楦模具表面。
图7是根据本发明一个实施例的硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具的鞋楦模具透视图，示出了注胶通道在模具内的分布状况。图8a和8b是根据本发明一个实施例的硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具的鞋楦模具立体图，示出了注胶通道在模具表面的分布状况。
在图7中示出了三个纵向注胶通道，每个纵向注胶通道与一个或多个横向注胶通道连通，横向注胶通道连通到出胶口42。如图所示，在鞋楦模具的顶部设置有注胶孔41，与注胶板5的注胶通道的出口连通。
在优选的实施方式中，所述纵向延伸注胶通道直径为10-20mm，所述横向延伸通道直径为2-5mm。也可以为其他适当尺寸。
如图1所示，根据本发明的一个实施例，所述硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具包括与一双靴子相对应的一对鞋楦模具，所述筒身模具包括与一对鞋楦模具相对应的两个内腔，所述一对鞋楦模具适于分别安装到所述两个内腔中，形成一对硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型腔。
在其他实施例中，所述硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具包括与一个靴子相对应的一个鞋楦模具，所述筒身模具包括与一个鞋楦模具相对应的一个内腔，所述鞋楦模具适于安装到所述内腔中，形成一个硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型腔。
在图1所示的实施例中，每个所述鞋楦模具的分隔元件包括两个分隔板，分别从所述鞋楦模具向前侧和后侧延伸；当所述鞋楦模具安装到所述筒身模具的对应内腔中时，所述两个分隔板将对应的所述压铸成型腔分隔成左腔室和右腔室。
在图1所示的实施例中，所述筒身模具包括可彼此匹配安装的左筒身模具和右筒身模具；所述两个分隔板将与左筒身模具和右筒身模具对应的左腔室和右腔室分隔开。
图2是根据本发明一个实施例的硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具的合模状态示意图，其中两个鞋楦模具21被左筒身模具31和右筒身模具32包围，注胶板合模到模具顶部，从而在压铸成型模具内形成完整的压铸成型腔。大底模具合模到注胶板顶部。此时可以通过注胶孔11注入加热后的未硫化混炼胶料到压铸成型腔中形成两片独立的硫化橡胶靴片材。通过注胶孔11注入加热后的未硫化混炼胶料到大底模具中形成大底。
图3是根据本发明一个实施例的硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具的另一分开状态示意图，此时，带分隔元件的鞋楦模具21被移出，不带分隔元件的鞋楦模具22套上靴内里后被移入。
图4是根据本发明一个实施例的硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具的另一合模状态示意图，此时不带分隔元件的鞋楦模具22被左筒身模具31和右筒身模具32包围，大底合模到模具顶部。此时硫化橡胶靴的片材、大底及靴内里彼此结合，形成完整的硫化橡胶靴。
图5是根据本发明一个实施例的硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具的完成后分开状态示意图。此时，完全成型的硫化橡胶靴在鞋楦模具上成型。
图6a和图6b是根据本发明一个实施例的硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具制造的硫化橡胶靴示意图。图6a是硫化橡胶完全覆盖硫化橡胶靴的靴内里筒身部分的示例，而图6b是硫化橡胶部分覆盖硫化橡胶靴的靴内里筒身部分的示例。后者可以通过调整形成的压铸成型腔的形状来进行控制。
根据另一个实施例，例如如图9-11所示，所述鞋楦模具的分隔元件包括三个分隔元件；当所述鞋楦模具安装到所述筒身模具中时，所述三个分隔元件将所述压铸成型腔分隔成三个腔室：中间腔室、左腔室和右腔室。三个分隔元件例如包括后侧的分隔板和左右两侧的台阶部分。此时，所述筒身模具包括可彼此配合安装的三个筒身模具部分，例如左筒身模具、右筒身模具和前筒身模具。所述三个分隔元件将分别与三个筒身模具对应的中间腔室、左腔室和右腔室分隔开。
图11示出了前筒身模具33的立体图。图10示出了两个带分隔元件的鞋楦模具插入前筒身模具33的示意图。此时，左筒身模具和右筒身模具可以从两侧合模，将鞋楦模具和前筒身模具包围，并形成完整的压铸成型腔。
所述三个分隔元件可以将分别与三个筒身模具对应的压铸成型腔部分隔开。三个分隔的腔室分别对应于橡胶靴的筒身的对应部分的形状，从而可以在胶料的压铸成型过程中形成三片分离的筒身部分。三片分离的筒身部分可以在后续步骤中接合以形成完整的筒身。
以上的前、后、左、右等方位是相对于每个鞋楦模具定义的，前为鞋楦模具的脚尖部分所在方向。上、下方位是相对于图1中图面的上、下来限定的。
根据本发明，所述的硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具还包括不带分隔元件的第二鞋楦模具22，适于安装到所述筒身模具的内腔中。
所述第二鞋楦模具可以具有橡胶靴的筒身对应的形状，以在所述筒身模具的内腔的壁与所述不带隔离板的鞋楦模具的外表面之间形成筒身成型腔。
根据其他实施例，所述第二鞋楦模具可以具有不同于橡胶靴的筒身的形状。
优选的，所述筒身模具的内表面具有适于与橡胶表面结合的特征。
根据本发明的实施例，包括两种鞋楦模具，带分隔元件的鞋楦模具21，和不带分隔元件的第二鞋楦模具22。
不带分隔元件的第二鞋楦模具22在使用前套上靴内里。靴内里可以是较厚的靴内里，例如纺织面料、发泡材料、纺织面料和发泡材料的复合材料、纺织面料和保温材料的复合材料、纺织面料和发泡材料和保温材料的复合材料等。根据本发明的制造方法对于一体式制造带较厚的靴内里的硫化橡胶靴是特别有利的。
根据本发明的优选实施例，所述硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具，还包括：大底模具，具有大底注胶孔，和与橡胶靴的鞋底形状对应的大底模腔，用于压铸成型橡胶靴的鞋底；所述大底模具具有大底结合部位，并适于通过大底结合部位合模到所述筒身模具的顶部或所述注胶板的顶部。
在其他实施例中，第二鞋楦模具可以具有不同于橡胶靴的筒身的形状。第二鞋楦模具的主要作用是支撑靴内里。所述第二鞋楦模具可以具有适于连接外部加压气源的充气通道和设置在表面的排气孔，可以将外部加压气体从表面排出，从而推动靴内里贴合筒身，并向筒身施加一定压力以有助于分离的筒身各部分相互接合。
在优选的实施例中，所述第二鞋楦模具上设置有气囊。由于靴内里可能透气，导致施压不均匀，在靴内里和第二鞋楦模具之间设置一层气囊，可以向靴内里和筒身均匀施压。该气囊例如可以包围第二鞋楦模具。
根据本发明，筒身模具的顶部和注胶板的底部具有彼此匹配的结合部位，注胶板适于通过所述结合部位合模到筒身模具的顶部。例如，图1中示出的凹凸部分，可以匹配到筒身模具顶部的对应凹凸部分。也可以使用其他结合元件。
根据本发明，压铸成型模具还可以包括大底模具4，具有注胶孔11，和与橡胶靴的鞋底形状对应的大底模腔，用于压铸成型橡胶靴的鞋底。所述大底模具4具有大底结合部位，并适于在需要时通过大底结合部位合模到筒身模具的顶部或注胶板的顶部。
根据本发明的另一个方面，提供一种橡胶靴的压铸成型设备，包括：根据上述任一实施例的压铸成型模具；高压注入机构，用于将制备好的未硫化混炼胶料加压并注入到压铸成型模具的注胶孔；模具移动机构，用于按照预先设定的程序移动所述压铸成型模具的各个部分；和控制机构，用于控制模具移动机构和高压注入机构的操作。
所述压铸成型设备还可以包括加热设备，用于对未硫化混炼胶料进行加热。例如，当筒身模具和第二鞋楦模具合模使得若干分离的筒身部分形成完整的筒身后，或者优选地在将大底接合到筒身后，对初步成型的橡胶靴加热(及通过其他设备加压)，以进行硫化。
根据本发明的压铸成型模具、压铸成型设备的操作可以参见下述制造方法。
根据本发明的另一个方面，提供一种利用上述压铸成型设备制造硫化橡胶靴的方法，例如包括以下步骤：
1.将筒身模具的各部分分离，并将带分隔元件的鞋楦模具移动到筒身模具的各部分之间。
2.合上筒身模具以将带分隔元件的鞋楦模具容纳在筒身模具中的适当位置；此时可以通过适当的定位和卡紧装置将模具固定到位。
例如，带分隔元件的鞋楦模具通过分其隔元件或定位台阶与筒身模具的定位元件的接合而定位在筒身模具中。可以在压铸成型设备中设置额外的固定装置将筒身模具和鞋楦模具固定到位。例如，可以设置液压定位装置。
图8b示出了根据本发明一个实施例的带分隔元件的鞋楦模具上的分隔元件和定位台阶。
3.将注胶板定位并固定在筒身模具顶部上。
如上所述，注胶板的下部和筒身模具的顶部可以设置能够彼此接合的定位元件。可以在压铸成型设备中设置额外的固定装置将注胶板和筒身模具固定到位。例如，可以设置液压定位装置。此时，注胶板的注胶通道的出口与鞋楦模具顶部的纵向注胶通道的入口连通。
4.向注胶板的注胶孔注胶(注入未硫化混炼胶料)，并由此通过注胶板的注胶通道向鞋楦模具的纵向注胶通道注入未硫化混炼胶料，进而向横向注胶通道注入未硫化混炼胶料，使得未硫化混炼胶料进入筒身模具与带分隔元件的鞋楦模具之间的压铸成型腔。
注胶机构可以保持高压以实现未硫化混炼胶料的注胶过程。此时，由于交错分布在鞋楦模具表面上的注胶出口将未硫化混炼胶料引导到分隔开的压铸成型腔中，有助于降低注胶所需压力和将未硫化混炼胶料均匀分配到压铸成型腔中。可以对注胶机构中的未硫化混炼胶料进行适当加热，以提高其流动性。
5.打开筒身模具，撤出带分隔元件的鞋楦模具。
此时由于未硫化混炼胶料在压力和温度作用下在分隔开的压铸成型腔中成型，分别形成筒身的分离的两部分或者更多部分。当撤出带分隔元件的鞋楦模具时，这些部分保持与筒身模具的相应部分继续贴合在一起。例如，这可以通过选择筒身模具和带分隔元件的鞋楦模具的材料来实现，例如筒身模具的内表面具有更粗糙的表面等；也可以通过鞋楦模具和筒身模具之间的温度差来实现；或者通过在筒身模具的内表面上设置易于结合筒身部分的特征来实现。
6.将不带分隔元件的第二鞋楦模具套上靴内里，并移动到筒身模具之间。
7.合上筒身模具以将不带分隔元件的第二鞋楦模具容纳在筒身模具中的适当位置。
第二鞋楦模具在筒身模具中的定位与上述带分隔元件的鞋楦模具类似。
此时，筒身模具合模，与不带分隔元件的第二鞋楦模具一起对筒身的各个部分和靴内里加压以贴合在一起。
由于筒身模具具有组合式设计，即包括两个、三个或者更多个部分，筒身模具的各部分可以分开以放置鞋楦模具或第二鞋楦模具，可以合上以与带分隔元件的鞋楦模具配合形成分隔开的压铸成型腔(用于压铸成型橡胶靴的橡胶部分)，或者与不带分隔元件的第二鞋楦模具配合形成完整的筒身成型腔。当撤出带分隔元件的鞋楦模具时，所形成的橡胶靴的筒身的各个分离部分留在筒身模具的各部分上，当插入带靴内里的第二鞋楦模具并合上筒身模具的各部分后，所形成的橡胶靴的筒身的各个分离部分可以彼此接合，并且与靴内里接合。
可以通过在第二鞋楦模具内设置充气通道，通过外部气压源提供高压气体，在合上模具后向第二鞋楦模具表面提供加压气体，以将第二鞋楦模具表面套上的靴内里压向橡胶靴筒身内表面，促进互相贴合。
8.将未硫化混炼胶料进行硫化。
例如，通过在模具附近设置加热设备，向合上的模具加热从而对筒身和第二鞋楦模具加热，并通过上述加压气体对橡胶靴筒身加压，来进行硫化。此时，筒身的各个部分以及靴内里一起形成完整的筒身。
此外，在将未硫化混炼胶料进行硫化之前，还可以包括以下步骤：
合上大底模具(例如将大底模具合模到注胶板顶部)，并向大底模具的大底注胶孔注胶以形成靴底；将注胶板撤离筒身模具，并将大底模具与筒身模具相合(从而大底与筒身接合，靴内里贴合到大底和筒身)。此时将未硫化混炼胶料进行硫化，使得筒身、靴底和靴内里整体硫化以形成一体式硫化橡胶靴。
所述方法还可以包括：在硫化完成后撤离大底模具，打开筒身模具，并使得硫化橡胶靴随不带分隔元件的第二鞋楦模具一起退出压铸成型设备。
所述方法还可以包括：通过气压装置将硫化橡胶靴从不带分隔元件的第二鞋楦模具上脱离。例如，在第二鞋楦模具内设置充气通道的情况下，直接向第二鞋楦模具提供加压气体。
根据本发明的另一个方面，提供一种压铸成型的一体式硫化橡胶靴，包括一体压铸成型的筒身、鞋底和靴内里，其中：所述筒身上具有前后两条合模线；或者所述筒身上具有左侧、右侧和后侧三条合模线；或者更多合模线。
优选的，所述压铸成型的一体式橡胶靴通过上述方法制成。
当描述中提及“左”、“中”、“右”、“前”、“后”、“中间”、“上”、“下”等表示方位的词语时，仅仅是为了清楚表示部件的相对位置，无意进行任何限制。通常而言，这样的方位是相对于鞋楦模具的方位而言。
本发明的实施方式并不限于上述实施例所述，在不偏离本发明的精神和范围的情况下，本领域普通技术人员可以在形式和细节上对本发明做出各种改变和改进，而这些均被认为落入了本发明的保护范围。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具，包括：
    组合式筒身模具，具有与橡胶靴的筒身相对应的内腔；
    带分隔元件的鞋楦模具，具有与橡胶靴的筒身形状基本对应的主体，和在主体上设置的两个或更多个分隔元件，所述鞋楦模具适于安装到所述筒身模具的内腔中以在所述筒身模具的内腔的壁与所述鞋楦模具的外表面之间形成压铸成型腔，所述压铸成型腔被所述鞋楦模具和所述筒身模具分隔成两个或更多个部分，其中所述鞋楦模具还包括：从鞋楦模具的上表面向下纵向延伸的纵向延伸注胶通道，和从所述纵向延伸注胶通道横向延伸到所述鞋楦模具表面的出胶口的横向延伸注胶通道；和
    适于安装到所述筒身模具顶部以引导注入未硫化混炼胶料的注胶板，所述注胶板上设置有：注胶孔，适于与外部注射头连接以注入未硫化混炼胶料；和注胶通道，所述注胶通道将所述注胶孔连通到所述纵向延伸注胶通道。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具，包括沿着所述鞋楦模具的纵向剖面分布的两个或更多个纵向延伸注胶通道。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具，所述注胶导板的注胶通道包括适于将未硫化混炼胶料从注胶孔引导到各个纵向延伸注胶通道的引导通道。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具，包括从每个纵向延伸注胶通道延伸出的多个横向延伸注胶通道。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具，所述纵向延伸注胶通道在竖直方向上延伸，所述横向延伸注胶通道在水平方向上延伸。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具，所述多个横向延伸注胶通道延伸到的多个出胶口交错分布在所述鞋楦模具表面。
  7. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具，所述纵向延伸注胶通道直径为10-20mm，所述横向延伸通道直径为2-5mm。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具，包括与一双靴子相对应的一对鞋楦模具，所述筒身模具包括与一对鞋楦模具相对应的两个内腔，所述一对鞋楦模具适于分别安装到所述两个内腔中，形成一对硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型腔。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具，其中，所述鞋楦模具的分隔元件包括两个分隔板，分别从所述鞋楦模具向前侧和后侧延伸；当所述鞋楦模具安装到所述筒身模具的对应内腔中时，所述两个分隔板将对应的所述压铸成型腔分隔成左腔室和右腔室。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具，所述筒身模具包括可彼此匹配安装的左筒身模具和右筒身模具；所述两个分隔板将与左筒身模具和右筒身模具对应的左腔室和右腔室分隔开。
  11. 根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具，其中，所述鞋楦模具的分隔元件包括三个分隔元件；当所述鞋楦模具安装到所述筒身模具中时，所述三个分隔元件将所述压铸成型腔分隔成三个腔室：中间腔室、左腔室和右腔室。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具，所述筒身模具包括可彼此配合安装的三个筒身模具部分；所述三个分隔元件将分别与三个筒身模具对应的中间腔室、左腔室和右腔室分隔开。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12中任一项所述的硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具，所述鋳压成型腔对应于硫化橡胶靴的橡胶部分，所述橡胶部分覆盖整个靴内里筒身部分，或者部分覆盖靴内里筒身部分。
  14. 根据权利要求1-13中任一项所述的硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具，还包括：
    不带分隔元件的第二鞋楦模具，适于安装到所述筒身模具的内腔中。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具，所述第二鞋楦模具具有橡胶靴的筒身对应的形状，以在所述筒身模具的内腔的壁与所述不带隔离板的鞋楦模具的外表面之间形成筒身成型腔。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具，所述第二鞋楦模具具有不同于橡胶靴的筒身的形状。
  17. 根据权利要求1-16中任一项所述的硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具，所述筒身模具的内表面具有适于与橡胶表面结合的特征。
  18. 根据权利要求1-17中任一项所述的硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具，还包括：
    大底模具，具有大底注胶孔，和与橡胶靴的鞋底形状对应的大底模腔，用于压铸成型橡胶靴的鞋底；所述大底模具具有大底结合部位，并适于通过大底结合部位合模到所述筒身模具的顶部或所述注胶板的顶部。
  19. 一种用于橡胶靴的压铸成型设备，包括：
    根据权利要求1-18中任一项所述的压铸成型模具；
    高压注入机构，用于将制备好的未硫化混炼胶料加压并注入到压铸成型模具的注胶孔；
    模具移动机构，用于按照预先设定的程序移动所述压铸成型模具的各个部分；和
    控制机构，用于控制模具移动机构和高压注入机构的操作。
  20. 根据权利要求18所述的压铸成型设备，还包括加热设备，用于对未硫化混炼胶料进行加热。
PCT/CN2022/086335 2021-04-12 2022-04-12 硫化橡胶靴的压铸成型模具及压铸成型设备 WO2022218301A1 (zh)

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