WO2022211377A1 - 타격되어 이동하는 골프공에 대한 스핀 산출 방법 및 이를 이용한 스핀 산출 장치 - Google Patents
타격되어 이동하는 골프공에 대한 스핀 산출 방법 및 이를 이용한 스핀 산출 장치 Download PDFInfo
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- image
- markers
- spin
- ball
- marker
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- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 172
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B69/00—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports
- A63B69/36—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports for golf
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B24/00—Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
- A63B24/0021—Tracking a path or terminating locations
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B69/00—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports
- A63B69/36—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports for golf
- A63B69/3658—Means associated with the ball for indicating or measuring, e.g. speed, direction
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
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- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/20—Analysis of motion
- G06T7/246—Analysis of motion using feature-based methods, e.g. the tracking of corners or segments
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/70—Determining position or orientation of objects or cameras
- G06T7/73—Determining position or orientation of objects or cameras using feature-based methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B24/00—Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
- A63B24/0021—Tracking a path or terminating locations
- A63B2024/0028—Tracking the path of an object, e.g. a ball inside a soccer pitch
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B24/00—Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
- A63B24/0021—Tracking a path or terminating locations
- A63B2024/0028—Tracking the path of an object, e.g. a ball inside a soccer pitch
- A63B2024/0034—Tracking the path of an object, e.g. a ball inside a soccer pitch during flight
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
- A63B2220/30—Speed
- A63B2220/34—Angular speed
- A63B2220/35—Spin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
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- G06T2207/30—Subject of image; Context of image processing
- G06T2207/30204—Marker
Definitions
- the present invention is hit, which can be calculated through the analysis of the marker displayed on the surface of the golf ball in the image taken for the golf ball, the spin information that the moving golf ball rapidly rotates as the user hits the golf ball with the golf club
- the present invention relates to a spin calculating method for a moving golf ball and a spin calculating device using the same.
- a sensing system using a camera is used as a device for sensing the spin of a golf ball.
- the above-described camera sensing system allows the camera to take an image of the golf ball when it is hit and move, and calculate the spin of the golf ball as a subject by analyzing a portion corresponding to the golf ball in the photographed image.
- a method of sensing the spin of a golf ball using a camera sensing system can be divided into two types.
- a mark having a specific shape is artificially placed on the golf ball, and the mark of the specific shape is extracted from the golf ball image taken by the camera.
- the method of calculating spin by analyzing how it moved, and analyzing the logo or dimples of the golf ball that were originally displayed on the golf ball without artificially marking the golf ball through the photographed golf ball image, and based on this There is a way to calculate the spin.
- Korean Patent No. 10-1386793 Korean Patent No. 10-1182393
- Japanese Patent No. 3235987 Japanese Patent No. 7324663, etc.
- the prior art as described above matches the markers with each other through the geometrical similarity of the specific marker between two consecutive ball images based on the shape characteristics of the specific marker displayed on the golf ball, and spins using the matching result. Since it is calculated, it has the advantage of being able to calculate the spin to some extent accurately.
- the present invention displays a plurality of markers on a golf ball and quickly acquires a photographed image for an area set by a camera, and uses the relative relationship between the plurality of markers in the acquired ball image between two consecutive ball images.
- a spin calculation method for a golf ball that is hit and moves includes the steps of acquiring a first image and a second image, which are continuous images of a golf ball marked with a plurality of markers being hit and moved, respectively ; calculating information about a reference marker and a plurality of peripheral markers around the reference marker for a plurality of markers on a first ball image corresponding to the golf ball portion of the first image; specifying a combination of markers corresponding to a reference marker and a plurality of peripheral markers of the first ball image in a second ball image corresponding to the golf ball portion of the second image; and calculating a spin axis and a spin amount using each center point of a pair of corresponding markers on the first ball image and the second ball image.
- the second ball having a relative relationship matching information about the relative relationship of each of the plurality of peripheral markers with respect to the reference marker on the first ball image and specifying a combination of markers on the image.
- the step of specifying the combination of the corresponding markers comprises: calculating characteristic information that is relative angle information for the inclination of each of the plurality of peripheral markers with respect to the reference marker on the first ball image; Calculating relative angle information for the inclination in each combination for each combination of an arbitrary reference marker and a plurality of surrounding markers on the second ball image, and feature information and second information about the marker on the first ball image and matching the relative angle information with respect to the marker on the ball image to specify a combination of the matched marker on the second ball image.
- the step of calculating the spin axis and the amount of spin includes: indicating each center point of a pair of corresponding markers on the first ball image and the second ball image on a single sphere; and calculating, as the spin axis, a line connecting the respective center points of and a line where two or more planes derived from the center point of the sphere meet.
- the calculating of the spin axis and the amount of spin comprises calculating vectors in a direction perpendicular to the spin axis from each center point of the pair of corresponding markers, respectively, and a reference plane perpendicular to the spin axis. It characterized in that it comprises the steps of projecting each of the calculated vectors to the, and calculating the amount of spin centered on the spin axis by using the vector used for the reference plane.
- the gaze rotation amount for each position in the image is calculated according to the gaze fixation of the camera between the two consecutive images of the moving golf ball, and from the spin amount calculated through the step of calculating the spin axis and the spin amount It characterized in that it further comprises the step of correcting by subtracting the calculated gaze rotation amount.
- the spin calculating device for a golf ball that is hit and moves is provided separately from a camera system of a sensing device for calculating motion information of a golf ball that is hit and moves so that a plurality of markers are displayed.
- a single camera for acquiring a first image and a second image, which are continuous images of the golf ball moving by hitting; Calculating information about a reference marker and a plurality of peripheral markers around the reference marker for a plurality of markers on the first ball image corresponding to the golf ball portion of the first image, and corresponding to the golf ball portion of the second image a marker matching processing unit for specifying a combination of markers corresponding to the reference marker and a plurality of peripheral markers of the first ball image in the second ball image; and a spin calculator that calculates a spin axis and a spin amount by using each center point of a pair of corresponding markers on the first ball image and the second ball image.
- a golf ball marked with a plurality of markers from a camera of a sensing device that calculates motion information of a golf ball that is hit and moved is hit.
- Each of the first image and the second image which are continuous images for moving by the A marker for calculating information about a plurality of peripheral markers, and specifying a combination of markers corresponding to the reference marker and the plurality of peripheral markers of the first ball image in the second ball image corresponding to the golf ball portion of the second image matching processing unit; and a spin calculator that calculates a spin axis and a spin amount by using each center point of a pair of corresponding markers on the first ball image and the second ball image.
- the marker matching processing unit receives the coordinate information on which the golf ball is placed from the sensing device and based on this, sets the region of the image to be acquired by the single camera as the region of interest, and selects the set image of the region of interest. and acquiring as the first image and the second image.
- the marker matching processing unit calculates characteristic information that is relative angle information for the inclination of each of the plurality of peripheral markers with respect to the reference marker on the first ball image, and any arbitrary information on the second ball image For each combination of the reference marker and a plurality of surrounding markers, relative angle information for the inclination in each combination is calculated, and the characteristic information for the marker on the first ball image and the relative angle information for the marker on the second ball image It is characterized in that it is configured to specify a combination of markers on the matched second ball image by matching.
- the spin calculator is configured to indicate each center point of a pair of corresponding markers on the first ball image and the second ball image on one sphere, and a line connecting each center point of the corresponding pair of markers and the sphere
- a line intersecting two or more planes derived from the center point of is calculated as the spin axis, and vectors in a direction perpendicular to the spin axis are calculated from each center point of the corresponding pair of markers, respectively, and perpendicular to the spin axis
- Each of the calculated vectors is projected on a reference plane, and the amount of spin about the spin axis is calculated using the vector used for the reference plane.
- a spin calculation method for a golf ball that is hit and moves and a spin calculation device using the same display a plurality of markers on a golf ball and quickly acquire a photographed image for an area set by a camera, and the obtained ball image
- the relative relationship between the plurality of markers to accurately match markers between two consecutive ball images to calculate spin it is possible to increase the calculation speed for spin calculation and to enable accurate spin calculation.
- FIG. 1A is a block diagram showing the configuration of a spin calculating device according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 1B is a block diagram showing the configuration of a spin calculating device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a spin calculation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is an example of a ball image of a golf ball used for a spin calculation device and a spin calculation method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and a plurality of markers are displayed on the surface thereof, and a marker is found in the ball image. It is a figure which showed about specifying the center point coordinate.
- FIG. 4 is a view showing the results of specifying the markers on the ball image and calculating the inclination information of each marker as shown in FIG. 3(b).
- 5 and 6 are diagrams for explaining a process of matching markers on a first ball image with markers on a second ball image according to a spin calculating apparatus and a spin calculating method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a view showing the center point of each matching marker on one sphere according to the matching of the markers between the first ball image and the second ball image as described in FIG. 6 and the like.
- FIG. 8 is a view showing an example of a method of calculating a spin axis using the center point of each marker in the sphere shown in FIG. 7 .
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method of calculating a spin using a spin axis and a center point of each marker in the sphere shown in FIG. 8 .
- FIG. 10 is a view for explaining that the amount of rotation is generated during non-rotational movement from the first ball image to the second ball image according to the gaze fixation of the camera in the spin calculation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the present invention basically allows a user to shoot a golf ball with a golf club with a predetermined camera and analyze the photographed image to calculate the spin of the hit ball. It may be implemented as a function of a sensing device by using a camera of a sensing device that senses the movement of It may be implemented as a device for
- FIG. 1 (a) An example of the former is shown in Fig. 1 (a), and an example of the latter is shown in Fig. 1 (b).
- a spin calculating device is a device for calculating a spin using a camera of a sensing device SD, It may be configured to include a marker matching processing unit 510 and a spin calculation unit 520 .
- the sensing device SD takes a photograph of a golf ball that moves as the user P hits the golf ball with a golf club and analyzes the photographed image to obtain three-dimensional coordinate information of a golf ball moving in space and , may be a device for calculating information on motion characteristics such as an initial speed, direction angle, and height angle of a golf ball based on the three-dimensional coordinate information.
- the sensing device SD may be applied to various fields such as analysis of a ball hit according to a user's golf swing or virtual golf using virtual reality-based simulation.
- the sensing device SD may include cameras 110 and 120 and a sensing processing unit 200 .
- the camera of the sensing device SD is configured to continuously acquire images at the angle of view looking at the moving golf ball.
- a plurality of cameras that respectively acquire images for the same object, for example, the first camera 110 and the second camera 120 are synchronized with each other as shown in FIGS. It is preferably configured.
- the two-dimensional information of the golf ball extracted from each of the acquired images may be converted into three-dimensional information.
- the sensing processing unit 200 of the sensing device SD collects images from each of the plurality of cameras 110 and 120 as shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and (b) and performs predetermined image processing, It may be configured to include an image processing unit 210 for extracting a corresponding golf ball, and an information calculation unit 220 for calculating 3D position information and the like from the 2D position information of the golf ball extracted from the image.
- the sensing processing unit 200 extracts a moving golf ball from each of the images collected through the respective cameras 110 and 120, calculates the location information of the corresponding golf ball, and transmits the calculated information to the client 300. , so that the client 300 can perform a unique function of the client 300 such as calculating new information or calculating analysis information using the received golf ball location information.
- the client 300 when the client 300 is implemented as a simulator used in a screen golf system, the location information of the golf ball and golf club is received from the sensing processing unit 200 and the trajectory of the virtual golf ball flying on the virtual golf course using the received information. of simulation images can be implemented.
- the client 300 when the client 300 is implemented as a golf swing analysis device, it receives the location information of the golf ball and golf club from the sensing processing unit 200 and uses it to analyze information about the user's golf swing, diagnose problems with the swing and It can be implemented to provide lesson information to solve this problem.
- the image processing unit 210 is configured to perform image processing to extract a difference operation image of a reference image for each of the images successively acquired by the cameras 110 and 120, and the information calculating unit 220 includes It may be configured to calculate the position information of the golf ball in motion from each of the difference calculation images extracted by the image processing unit.
- a template image for a golf ball is prepared in advance, and the degree of similarity with the template image for the golf ball on each acquired image
- the spin calculation apparatus receives a ball image from one of a plurality of cameras of the sensing device SD, and includes a marker matching processing unit 510 and The spin of the moving golf ball is calculated by the spin calculator 520 and transmitted to the client 300 .
- the single camera 600 may be configured to include a marker matching processing unit 510 and a spin calculation unit 520 for calculating a spin using the photographed ball image.
- One camera among the plurality of cameras 110 and 120 of the sensing device SD in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 (a) or a single camera 600 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 (b) ) may be configured to acquire a first image and a second image that are continuous images for a golf ball marked with a plurality of markers to be hit and move, respectively.
- the image of the nth frame of the camera or the single camera may be referred to as a first image, and the image of the n+1th frame may be referred to as a second image.
- a marker matching processing unit 510 by extracting a portion corresponding to a golf ball included in the first image as a first ball image, and extracting a portion corresponding to a golf ball included in the second image as a second ball image ) and the spin calculator 520 may calculate the spin by analyzing the first ball image and the second ball image, respectively.
- the marker matching processing unit 510 finds and specifies a plurality of markers on each ball image, calculates information about a reference marker and a plurality of peripheral markers around the reference marker for a plurality of markers on the first ball image, In the second ball image, a combination of markers corresponding to the reference marker of the first ball image and a plurality of peripheral markers may be found and specified.
- the spin calculator 520 may calculate the spin axis and the amount of spin by geometrical calculation using each center point of a pair of corresponding markers on the first ball image and the second ball image.
- a continuous image including a first image of a golf ball marked with a plurality of markers and a second image continuous thereto is acquired by a camera or a single camera of the sensing device (S110).
- the marker matching processing unit uses the images obtained as described above, the marker matching processing unit extracts a plurality of markers displayed on the golf ball from the image for spin calculation, and analyzes them for the golf ball on the first image and the golf ball on the second image. A combination of markers corresponding to each other is specified, which may be performed through steps S120 to S160 in the flowchart of FIG. 2 .
- a portion corresponding to a golf ball on the first image is extracted as a first ball image
- a portion corresponding to a golf ball on the second image is a second ball It is extracted as an image (S120).
- the marker matching processing unit defines a reference marker and a plurality of peripheral markers with respect to the plurality of markers on the first ball image (S130), and information on the relative relationship of each of the plurality of peripheral markers with respect to the reference marker on the first ball image can be calculated.
- the relative relationship of each of the plurality of peripheral markers with respect to the reference marker may be defined according to the shape or phase of the plurality of markers displayed on the golf ball.
- the plurality of markers displayed on the golf ball have different phases.
- the relative relationship of each of the plurality of peripheral markers with respect to the reference marker may be calculated as relative angle information for the inclination of each of the plurality of peripheral markers with respect to the reference marker.
- the marker matching processing unit defines a reference marker and a plurality of peripheral markers for the plurality of markers on the first ball image (S130), and the inclination of each of the plurality of peripheral markers with respect to the reference marker on the first ball image 'Feature information', which is relative angle information, may be calculated (S140).
- the marker matching processing unit calculates relative angle information for the inclination in each combination for each combination of an arbitrary reference marker and a plurality of surrounding markers on the second ball image (S150), and characteristic information about the marker on the first ball image By matching the relative angle information with respect to the marker on the second ball image with the second ball image, it is possible to specify a combination of the matched marker on the second ball image (S160).
- FIGS. 3 to 6 Specific examples related to matching of the markers as described above are shown in FIGS. 3 to 6 .
- FIG. 3 is an example of a ball image of a golf ball used for a spin calculation device and a spin calculation method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and a plurality of markers are displayed on the surface thereof, and a marker is found in the ball image. It is a figure which showed about specifying the center point coordinate.
- FIG. 4 is a view showing the results of specifying the markers on the ball image and calculating the inclination information of each marker as shown in FIG. 3(b).
- 5 and 6 are diagrams for explaining a process of matching markers on a first ball image with markers on a second ball image.
- FIG. 3 shows a ball image of an image photographed for a golf ball marked with a plurality of markers
- (b) of FIG. 3 is an angle on the ball image shown in (a). It shows the results of specifying each marker through the marker area for the marker and calculating the coordinates of the center point of each marker. will be.
- a plurality of markers are displayed on the surface of the golf ball used in the present invention, and a plurality of markers mk can be identified on the ball image BI.
- the plurality of markers displayed on the golf ball may be a plurality of markers having the same shape as shown in FIG. 3A or a plurality of markers having different shapes.
- the plurality of markers be a case in which relative information can be calculated in relation to other markers in the vicinity based on one reference marker.
- the marker matching processing unit specifies each marker mk as shown in FIG. 3 (b), and a marker for each marker mk
- the region R that is, the region including each marker mk, can be specified, and the center point C of each marker mk can be specified by each marker region R.
- the marker region R1 is created to include the inclined marker mk1, and the center point C1 of the marker region R1 is used as the center point of the marker, and the coordinates of the center point ( cx1, cy1) can be calculated.
- the marker mk2 is shown horizontally. Rather than setting the marker region R2 to be in close contact with the marker mk2, the marker region R2 is made to have a predetermined size so that the marker mk2 ) and it is desirable to set it to include a certain amount of background.
- the coordinates cx2 and cy2 can be calculated by using the central point C2 as the central point of the marker mk2.
- the inclination angle of each marker extracts the main component of the direction gradient formed by pixels in the marker area and can be defined as the marker angle.
- Singular value decomposition can be used to extract the principal components of the pixel gradient.
- FIG. 4 an example of the result of calculating the inclination angle of each of the plurality of markers specified in the ball image is shown in FIG. 4 .
- the calculation of the inclination angle information of each marker displayed on the ball image as described above is applied to both the first ball image and the second ball image.
- reference number 610 indicates a first ball image
- reference number 620 indicates a second ball image
- the golf ball shown in the first ball image rotates and moves to become the golf ball shown in the second ball image.
- the speed of the calculation for the marker matching process can be significantly increased, and at the same time It has the advantage of being able to accurately match markers.
- the calculation speed is quite slow because two-dimensional data must be processed.
- the tilt information is calculated as one value, the In that matching is performed using the same slope value, the calculation speed can be significantly increased.
- one of the plurality of markers displayed on the first ball image 610 may be defined as a reference marker, and markers around the reference marker may be defined as peripheral markers. have.
- the marker 711 closest to the center point of the first ball image 610 is defined as a 'reference marker', and the surrounding markers based on the reference marker 711 are It may be defined as a first peripheral marker 712 , a second peripheral marker 713 , a third peripheral marker 714 , and a fourth peripheral marker 715 , in a clockwise direction.
- relative angle information can be calculated as follows by using the respective inclination angle information for the reference marker 711 and the peripheral markers 712 to 715 on the first ball image 610, and this is 'feature information' let it be
- the matching of the markers can be made by finding a combination of the reference marker and the surrounding markers having relative angle information according to the characteristic information for the plurality of markers on the second ball image.
- the relative angle information for the reference marker-surrounding marker is obtained in all cases in a manner of determining an arbitrary reference marker on the second ball image 620 and determining the surrounding markers based on this. Calculate.
- the relative angle information can be calculated by setting the marker 723 on the second ball image 621 as the reference marker and defining the remaining peripheral markers, respectively, and in the case of S2, the second On the ball image 622, marker 721 is set as a reference marker and the remaining peripheral markers are respectively defined to calculate relative angle information, and in the case of S3, marker 722 is set as a reference marker on the second ball image 623 and the rest Relative angle information can be calculated by defining each of the peripheral markers. In this way, when each of the markers is used as a reference marker, relative angle information can be calculated for each reference marker-peripheral marker combination.
- the relative angle in the case of the combination of the reference marker 723 and the peripheral markers on the second ball image 621 in the case of S1 in the case of S1, the reference marker 721 on the second ball image 622 in the case of S2, and Relative angle information in the case of a combination of peripheral markers can be expressed as follows.
- the change from the first ball image 610 to the second ball image 622 is a change due to spin, and the reference marker on the first ball image 610 at this time.
- a combination of peripheral markers may be matched with a combination of reference markers and peripheral markers on the second ball image 622 .
- the process as shown in FIGS. 3 to 6 may be performed through the processes of S120 to S160 of the flowchart shown in FIG. 2 .
- the spin calculator may calculate the spin axis and the spin amount using the matched result.
- a line connecting each center point of a pair of corresponding markers and a line where two or more planes derived from the center point of the sphere meet may be calculated as the spin axis (S220).
- vectors in a direction perpendicular to the spin axis are calculated from each center point of the pair of corresponding markers (S230), and the vector calculated as described above on the reference plane perpendicular to the spin axis Each is projected (S240).
- the amount of spin centered on the spin axis is calculated using the vector projected on the reference plane (S250).
- Spin information from the first ball image to the second ball image can be calculated by calculating the spin axis and the amount of spin as described above.
- the change due to the spin from the first ball image to the second ball image is not only due to the spin of the actual golf ball. Because the gaze of the camera that shoots the first ball image and the second ball image, respectively, is fixed, and moves from the position of the golf ball when shooting the first ball image to the position of the golf ball when shooting the second ball image. Therefore, the amount of rotation is generated according to the non-rotational movement from the first ball image to the second ball image.
- the amount of rotation according to the non-rotational movement from the first ball image to the second ball image occurs because the gaze of the camera is fixed.
- an accurate spin amount can be calculated by performing a correction by subtracting the calculated gaze rotation amount from the calculated spin amount (S260).
- FIGS. 7 to 10 Specific examples of the calculation of spin as described above are shown in FIGS. 7 to 10 .
- FIG. 7 is a view showing the center point of each matching marker on one sphere according to the matching of the markers between the first ball image and the second ball image as described in FIG. 6, and FIG. 8 is shown in FIG. It is a diagram showing an example of a method of calculating a spin axis using the center point of each marker in a sphere.
- FIG. 9 is a view showing an example of a method of calculating a spin using the spin axis and the center point of each marker in the sphere shown in FIG. 8, and FIG. 2 It is a diagram for explaining that the amount of rotation occurs during non-rotational movement to the ball image.
- the markers 712 and 714 of the first ball image 610 and the markers 722 and 724 of the second ball image 620 are respectively It is matched, and the center points (Ca1 - Cb1, Ca2 - Cb2) of each matching marker may be shown on one sphere Ob as shown in FIG. 7B .
- the sphere Ob rotates in Ca1 ⁇ Cb1 and Ca2 ⁇ Cb2.
- the sphere Ob may be a sphere assumed to be virtual based on the contour of the ball image.
- the spin axis and the amount of spin according to the rotation from Ca1 ⁇ Cb1 may not coincide with the spin axis and the amount of spin according to the rotation from Ca2 ⁇ Cb2.
- This mismatch may be due to an error occurring in the process of image analysis, such as some pixels representing the marker may be lost in the process of analyzing the pixel for the marker.
- FIG 7 shows an example in which two pairs of center points of each marker are displayed, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and more pairs of marker center points, such as three pairs or four pairs, may appear depending on the number of markers.
- the spin axis can be calculated using each center point, which is shown in FIG. 8 .
- the center point of the sphere Ob is Co
- Ca1 and Cb1 and Ca2 and Cb2 are a pair of matched marker center points.
- a plane PL1 passing through the center point Co of the sphere Ob is assumed to be perpendicular to the straight line L1 connecting the center points Ca1 and Cb1 of the marker
- FIG. 8(b) As shown in Fig. , a plane PL2 passing through the center point Co of the sphere Ob is assumed to be perpendicular to the straight line L2 connecting the center points Ca2 and Cb2 of the marker.
- spin axes may be calculated for the entire combination by two pairs for a combination of three or more pairs of marker center points, and the spin axis may be calculated using, for example, an average value using a plurality of spin axis calculation results.
- the spin axis is calculated as described above, vectors in a direction perpendicular to the spin axis are calculated from each center point of a pair of corresponding markers, and the calculated vectors are respectively calculated on a reference plane perpendicular to the spin axis. By projecting, the amount of spin centered on the spin axis may be calculated using the vector projected on the reference plane.
- a reference plane PO perpendicular to the spin axis SA from each center point of a pair of matched markers marked on the sphere Ob in a direction perpendicular to the spin axis SA, respectively
- the calculated vector may be orthogonally projected on the reference plane PO, respectively.
- the center point of the spin axis SA projected on the reference plane PO is the Cp point
- the vector perpendicular to the spin axis SA from the Ca1 point is from the point Pa1 on the reference plane PO to the point Cp.
- v1 a vector perpendicular to the spin axis (SA) at the point Cb1 is projected as a vector (v2) from the point Pb1 to the point Cp on the reference plane (PO), and from the point Ca2 to the spin axis (SA)
- a vector perpendicular to is projected as a vector (v3) from the point Pa2 to the point Cp on the reference plane (PO)
- the vector perpendicular to the spin axis (SA) from the point Cb2 is from the point Pb2 to the point Cp on the reference plane (PO). It can be projected as a vector v4.
- the amount of spin Q1 can be calculated around the spin axis (Cp) using the vectors v1 and v2 projected on the reference plane (PO), and the amount of spin Q2 is calculated around the spin axis (Cp) using the vectors v3 and v4. can be calculated.
- the value of the spin amount Q1 is obtained by using the perimeter and the angle between the v1 vector and v2 vector and the circumference of the circle centered on the central point Cp on the reference plane (PO), or by using the central angle in the triangle connecting Pa1-Pb1-Cp, Pa1- It can be obtained as the arc length of Pb1.
- the value of the amount of spin Q2 is obtained by using the perimeter and the angle between the v3 vector and v4 vector and the circumference of the circle centered on the central point Cp on the reference plane (PO), or by using the central angle in the triangle connecting Pa2-Pb2-Cp, Pa2 It can be obtained as the arc length of -Pb2.
- the average value can be obtained as the final spin amount.
- a statistically accurate value of the spin amount can be calculated.
- the amount of spin from the first ball image to the second ball image is the amount of rotation according to the non-rotational movement from the first ball image to the second ball image that occurs according to the gaze fixation of the camera, that is, within the image. Since the amount of gaze rotation that varies depending on the position is included, it is necessary to subtract the amount of gaze rotation from the previously calculated amount of spin.
- the amount of rotation (the amount of gaze rotation) is generated according to the non-rotational movement from the first ball image to the second ball image.
- the golf ball is fixed to the other side of the jig (ZG) as it is in the state in which the golf ball is fixed to one side of the jig (ZG)
- the ball image is acquired for each case, when moving from the first ball image B1 shown in FIG. 10A to the second ball image B2 shown in FIG. 10B It can be confirmed that the amount of rotation occurred despite the non-rotational movement. That is, it can be seen that the amount of gaze rotation occurs for each position in the image.
- the amount of rotation (the amount of gaze rotation) generated during non-rotational movement from the first ball image B1 to the second ball image B2 is measured and set in advance, and in the same manner as previously described in FIGS. 7 to 9 .
- the amount of rotation generated during non-rotational movement from the first ball image B1 to the second ball image B2 is measured and set in advance, and in the same manner as previously described in FIGS. 7 to 9 .
- Such a gaze rotation amount may be measured in advance and set in advance to take it into account in the camera calibration process. may be
- the present invention displays a plurality of markers on a golf ball, quickly acquires a photographed image for an area set by a camera, and continues using the relative relationship between the plurality of markers in the acquired ball image.
- the spin calculation method and the spin calculation device using the same for a golf ball that are hit and move according to the present invention are applicable to the field of golf analysis based on analysis of a ball hit by a golf club during a golf swing or a virtual golf simulation system. available in the relevant field.
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Abstract
Description
기준마커 | 제1주변마커 | 제2주변마커 | 제3주변마커 | 제4주변마커 | |
기울기 각도 | 2˚ | 47˚ | 137˚ | 2˚ | 92˚ |
상대각도 | 0˚ | 45˚ | 135˚ | 0˚ | 90˚ |
기준마커 | 제1주변마커 | 제2주변마커 | 제3주변마커 | 제4주변마커 | |
기울기 각도 | 49˚ | 94˚ | 4˚ | 4˚ | 139˚ |
상대각도 | 0˚ | 45˚ | 135˚ | 135˚ | 90˚ |
기준마커 | 제1주변마커 | 제2주변마커 | 제3주변마커 | 제4주변마커 | |
기울기 각도 | 4˚ | 49˚ | 139˚ | 4˚ | 94˚ |
상대각도 | 0˚ | 45˚ | 135˚ | 0˚ | 90˚ |
Claims (11)
- 복수의 마커가 표시된 골프공이 타격되어 이동하는 것에 대해 연속된 이미지인 제1 이미지와 제2 이미지를 각각 취득하는 단계;상기 제1 이미지의 골프공 부분에 해당하는 제1 볼이미지 상의 복수의 마커에 대해 기준마커와 상기 기준마커 주변의 복수의 주변마커에 관한 정보를 산출하는 단계;상기 제2 이미지의 골프공 부분에 해당하는 제2 볼이미지에서 상기 제1 볼이미지의 기준마커 및 복수의 주변마커에 대응하는 마커의 조합을 특정하는 단계; 및상기 제1 볼이미지와 제2 볼이미지 상의 대응되는 마커의 쌍의 각 중심점을 이용하여 스핀축과 스핀량을 산출하는 단계;를 포함하는 타격되어 이동하는 골프공에 대한 스핀 산출 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 대응하는 마커의 조합을 특정하는 단계는,상기 제1 볼이미지 상의 상기 기준마커에 대한 상기 복수의 주변마커 각각의 상대적인 관계에 관한 정보와 매칭되는 상대적 관계를 갖는 제2 볼이미지 상의 마커의 조합을 특정하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 타격되어 이동하는 골프공에 대한 스핀 산출 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 대응하는 마커의 조합을 특정하는 단계는,상기 제1 볼이미지 상의 상기 기준마커에 대한 상기 복수의 주변마커 각각의 기울기에 대한 상대각도 정보인 특징정보를 산출하는 단계와,상기 제2 볼이미지 상에서 임의의 기준마커와 이에 대한 복수의 주변마커의 조합마다 각 조합에서의 기울기에 대한 상대각도 정보를 산출하는 단계와,상기 제1 볼이미지 상의 마커에 대한 특징정보와 제2 볼이미지 상의 마커에 대한 상대각도 정보를 매칭시켜 매칭된 제2 볼이미지 상의 마커의 조합을 특정하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 타격되어 이동하는 골프공에 대한 스핀 산출 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 스핀축과 스핀량을 산출하는 단계는,상기 제1 볼이미지와 제2 볼이미지 상의 대응되는 마커의 쌍의 각 중심점을 하나의 구체에 나타내는 단계와,상기 대응되는 마커의 쌍의 각 중심점을 연결하는 선과 상기 구체의 중심점으로부터 도출되는 둘 이상의 평면이 만나는 선을 상기 스핀축으로서 산출하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 타격되어 이동하는 골프공에 대한 스핀 산출 방법.
- 제4항에 있어서, 상기 스핀축과 스핀량을 산출하는 단계는,상기 대응되는 마커의 쌍의 각 중심점으로부터 상기 스핀축에 수직인 방향으로의 벡터를 각각 산출하는 단계와,상기 스핀축에 수직인 기준면에 상기 산출된 벡터를 각각 사영하는 단계와,상기 기준면에 사용된 벡터를 이용하여 상기 스핀축을 중심으로 하는 상기 스핀량을 산출하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 타격되어 이동하는 골프공에 대한 스핀 산출 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 이동하는 골프공에 대한 연속하는 두 이미지 사이에서 카메라의 시선 고정에 따라 이미지 내 위치별 시선 회전량을 산출하며,상기 스핀축과 스핀량을 산출하는 단계를 통해 산출된 스핀량으로부터 상기 산출된 시선 회전량을 감산하는 보정을 하는 단계를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 타격되어 이동하는 골프공에 대한 스핀 산출 방법.
- 타격되어 이동하는 골프공의 운동 정보를 산출하는 센싱장치의 카메라 시스템과 별개로 구비되어 복수의 마커가 표시된 골프공이 타격에 의해 이동하는 것에 대한 연속된 이미지인 제1 이미지와 제2 이미지를 각각 취득하는 싱글카메라;상기 제1 이미지의 골프공 부분에 해당하는 제1 볼이미지 상의 복수의 마커에 대해 기준마커와 상기 기준마커 주변의 복수의 주변마커에 관한 정보를 산출하며, 상기 제2 이미지의 골프공 부분에 해당하는 제2 볼이미지에서 상기 제1 볼이미지의 기준마커 및 복수의 주변마커에 대응하는 마커의 조합을 특정하는 마커 매칭 처리부; 및상기 제1 볼이미지와 제2 볼이미지 상의 대응되는 마커의 쌍의 각 중심점을 이용하여 기하학적 계산에 의해 스핀축과 스핀량을 산출하는 스핀산출부;를 포함하는 타격되어 이동하는 골프공에 대한 스핀 산출장치.
- 타격되어 이동하는 골프공의 운동 정보를 산출하는 센싱장치의 카메라로부터 복수의 마커가 표시된 골프공이 타격에 의해 이동하는 것에 대한 연속된 이미지인 제1 이미지와 제2 이미지를 각각 전달받아, 상기 제1 이미지의 골프공 부분에 해당하는 제1 볼이미지 상의 복수의 마커에 대해 기준마커와 상기 기준마커 주변의 복수의 주변마커에 관한 정보를 산출하며, 상기 제2 이미지의 골프공 부분에 해당하는 제2 볼이미지에서 상기 제1 볼이미지의 기준마커 및 복수의 주변마커에 대응하는 마커의 조합을 특정하는 마커 매칭 처리부; 및상기 제1 볼이미지와 제2 볼이미지 상의 대응되는 마커의 쌍의 각 중심점을 이용하여 기하학적 계산에 의해 스핀축과 스핀량을 산출하는 스핀산출부;를 포함하는 타격되어 이동하는 골프공에 대한 스핀 산출장치.
- 제7항에 있어서, 상기 마커 매칭 처리부는,상기 센싱장치로부터 상기 골프공이 놓인 좌표 정보를 전달받아 이에 기초하여 상기 싱글카메라가 취득할 영상의 영역을 관심영역으로서 설정하며, 상기 설정된 관심영역의 영상을 상기 제1 이미지 및 제2 이미지로서 취득하도록 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 타격되어 이동하는 골프공에 대한 스핀 산출장치.
- 제7항 또는 제8항에 있어서, 상기 마커 매칭 처리부는,상기 제1 볼이미지 상의 상기 기준마커에 대한 상기 복수의 주변마커 각각의 기울기에 대한 상대각도 정보인 특징정보를 산출하고, 상기 제2 볼이미지 상에서 임의의 기준마커와 이에 대한 복수의 주변마커의 조합마다 각 조합에서의 기울기에 대한 상대각도 정보를 산출하며, 상기 제1 볼이미지 상의 마커에 대한 특징정보와 제2 볼이미지 상의 마커에 대한 상대각도 정보를 매칭시켜 매칭된 제2 볼이미지 상의 마커의 조합을 특정하도록 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 타격되어 이동하는 골프공에 대한 스핀 산출장치.
- 제7항 또는 제8항에 있어서, 상기 스핀산출부는,상기 제1 볼이미지와 제2 볼이미지 상의 대응되는 마커의 쌍의 각 중심점을 하나의 구체에 나타내고 상기 대응되는 마커의 쌍의 각 중심점을 연결하는 선과 상기 구체의 중심점으로부터 도출되는 둘 이상의 평면이 만나는 선을 상기 스핀축으로서 산출하며,상기 대응되는 마커의 쌍의 각 중심점으로부터 상기 스핀축에 수직인 방향으로의 벡터를 각각 산출하고, 상기 스핀축에 수직인 기준면에 상기 산출된 벡터를 각각 사영하여, 상기 기준면에 사용된 벡터를 이용하여 상기 스핀축을 중심으로 하는 상기 스핀량을 산출하도록 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 타격되어 이동하는 골프공에 대한 스핀 산출장치.
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CN202280017461.2A CN116887892A (zh) | 2021-03-30 | 2022-03-25 | 被击打而移动的高尔夫球的旋转计算方法及利用其的旋转计算装置 |
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- 2022-03-25 WO PCT/KR2022/004180 patent/WO2022211377A1/ko active Application Filing
- 2022-03-25 US US18/282,258 patent/US20240157218A1/en active Pending
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JP2001304830A (ja) * | 2000-04-19 | 2001-10-31 | Sumitomo Rubber Ind Ltd | 球体の回転運動計測方法及び計測装置 |
KR20100102583A (ko) * | 2007-09-21 | 2010-09-24 | 플레이데이타, 엘엘씨 | 개체 위치 및 움직임 검출 시스템 및 그 방법 |
KR20140139453A (ko) * | 2014-10-28 | 2014-12-05 | (주) 골프존 | 운동하는 볼에 대한 센싱장치 및 센싱방법 |
KR20200123098A (ko) * | 2018-03-13 | 2020-10-28 | 트랙맨 에이/에스 | 스포츠 공의 스핀축을 결정하기 위한 시스템 및 방법 |
KR102101512B1 (ko) * | 2018-10-25 | 2020-04-16 | 주식회사 뷰웍스 | 회전체의 회전량 산정 장치 및 서버 |
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US20240157218A1 (en) | 2024-05-16 |
JP2024513328A (ja) | 2024-03-25 |
CN116887892A (zh) | 2023-10-13 |
KR20220135390A (ko) | 2022-10-07 |
TW202237238A (zh) | 2022-10-01 |
KR102603088B1 (ko) | 2023-11-16 |
TWI799184B (zh) | 2023-04-11 |
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