WO2022210358A1 - スパー型洋上風力発電設備用浮体の立て起こし方法 - Google Patents
スパー型洋上風力発電設備用浮体の立て起こし方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022210358A1 WO2022210358A1 PCT/JP2022/014408 JP2022014408W WO2022210358A1 WO 2022210358 A1 WO2022210358 A1 WO 2022210358A1 JP 2022014408 W JP2022014408 W JP 2022014408W WO 2022210358 A1 WO2022210358 A1 WO 2022210358A1
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- Prior art keywords
- floating body
- spar
- power generation
- wind power
- offshore wind
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
- B63B1/04—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with single hull
- B63B1/047—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with single hull with spherical hull or hull in the shape of a vertical ring
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B39/00—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude
- B63B39/02—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude to decrease vessel movements by displacement of masses
- B63B39/03—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude to decrease vessel movements by displacement of masses by transferring liquids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B77/00—Transporting or installing offshore structures on site using buoyancy forces, e.g. using semi-submersible barges, ballasting the structure or transporting of oil-and-gas platforms
- B63B77/10—Transporting or installing offshore structures on site using buoyancy forces, e.g. using semi-submersible barges, ballasting the structure or transporting of oil-and-gas platforms specially adapted for electric power plants, e.g. wind turbines or tidal turbine generators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
- B63B2035/442—Spar-type semi-submersible structures, i.e. shaped as single slender, e.g. substantially cylindrical or trussed vertical bodies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
- B63B2035/4433—Floating structures carrying electric power plants
- B63B2035/446—Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting wind energy into electric energy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
- F03D13/10—Assembly of wind motors; Arrangements for erecting wind motors
- F03D13/126—Offshore
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
- F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
- F03D13/25—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
- F03D13/256—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation on a floating support, i.e. floating wind motors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
- F05B2240/93—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a structure floating on a liquid surface
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
- F05B2240/95—Mounting on supporting structures or systems offshore
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for erecting a spar-type offshore wind power generation facility floating body installed in relatively deep water.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an offshore wind power generation facility comprising a floating body, a mooring rope, a tower, a nacelle installed at the top of the tower, and a plurality of blades, wherein the floating body is a concrete precast cylinder.
- a lower concrete floating body structure is formed by stacking multiple tiers in the height direction, and each precast cylindrical body is tightly bound with PC steel to be integrated.
- An offshore wind power generation facility has been proposed that has a spar-type floating structure including an upper steel floating structure.
- the spar type refers to an elongated cylindrical floating body structure like a rod-shaped fishing float.
- the main object of the present invention is to provide a method for safely and efficiently erecting a floating body for a spar-type offshore wind power generation facility by injecting ballast water on the sea.
- a method for erecting a floating body for a spar-type offshore wind power generation facility comprising a second step of injecting ballast water and standing upright the floating body for a spar-type offshore wind power generation facility.
- the invention described in claim 1 above is the first inventive method for erecting according to the present invention.
- the position of the center of gravity of the floating body for the spar-type offshore wind power generation facility is shifted in advance by the center-of-gravity eccentricity means (first procedure).
- the position of the center of gravity is eccentric, as will be described later in [Example], when the ballast water is injected and the state of floating sideways shifts to the rising motion, the rising motion slows down and the body stands upright. It will be possible to suppress the upset after getting close to the state.
- eccentricity of the center of gravity position does not mean eccentricity only in the direction along the longitudinal central axis of the floating body, but includes the eccentricity in the plane direction orthogonal to the longitudinal central axis of the floating body. means the movement of
- ballast water in raising a floating body for a spar-type offshore wind power generation facility that floats sideways on the sea by pouring ballast water, a first procedure in which the position of the center of gravity of the floating body for a spar-type offshore wind power generation facility is eccentrically shifted by a center-of-gravity eccentricity means; After ballast water is injected and the floating body for spar-type offshore wind power generation equipment starts to stand up, the injection of ballast water is stopped at a predetermined amount to erect the spar-type offshore floating body for offshore wind power generation equipment.
- a method for erecting a floating body for a spar-type offshore wind power generation facility characterized by comprising a third step of erecting the floating body for a spar-type offshore wind power generation facility by gradually injecting ballast water.
- the invention described in claim 2 above is the second inventive method of erecting according to the present invention. Specifically, when raising the floating body, the position of the center of gravity of the floating body for the spar-type offshore wind power generation facility is shifted in advance by the center-of-gravity eccentricity means (first procedure). If the position of the center of gravity is eccentric, the rising motion can be slowed down when shifting from the state of floating sideways to the motion of standing up due to the injection of ballast water during the second procedure.
- ballast water is injected, and after the spar-type offshore floating body for offshore wind power generation equipment starts to stand up, the injection of ballast water is stopped at a predetermined amount to erect the spar-type offshore floating body for offshore wind power generation equipment. Stop in the oblique state before standing up (second procedure). In the second procedure, the rising motion can be slowed down by eccentrically positioning the center of gravity of the floating body, and by stopping the ballast water injection at a predetermined amount, the floating body is stopped in an oblique state before standing upright. becomes possible easily.
- the floating body for the spar-type offshore wind power generation facility is erected (third procedure).
- the floating body is erected from an obliquely stopped state, only a small inertial force acts on the floating body, so that it is possible to substantially eliminate the shaking immediately after the erection.
- the spar-type offshore wind power generation system according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the gravity center eccentric means is a weight detachably attached to the outer surface of the spur-type offshore wind power generation facility floating body.
- a method for erecting a floating body for power generation equipment is provided.
- the invention described in claim 3 above shows a first embodiment of the center-of-gravity decentering means. Specifically, a weight detachably attached to the outer surface of the floating body for the spar-type offshore wind power generation facility is used as the gravity center eccentric means.
- a method for erecting a floating body for a spar-type offshore wind power generation facility according to claim 3, wherein the weight is attached to a position above the sea surface when erected.
- the weight is attached to a position above the sea surface when the boat is erected. After the floating body is erected, the unnecessary weight can be easily removed.
- the spar-type offshore wind power generation facility according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the gravity center eccentric means is solid ballast put into the floating body for the spar-type offshore wind power generation facility.
- a method for erecting a floating body is provided.
- the invention described in claim 5 above shows a second embodiment of the center-of-gravity decentering means.
- the solid ballast put into the floating body for the spar-type offshore wind power generation facility is used as the center-of-gravity eccentric means.
- Solid ballast is usually thrown into the floating body after it is erected, but unlike water, solid ballast can be tilted up to the angle of repose (slope angle that can maintain stability without collapsing). can be a means of eccentrically locating the center of gravity to maintain the maldistributed state without moving.
- the moving speed of the solid ballast is slower than that of water, and the eccentric state is maintained while the eccentric amount gradually decreases until just before the solid ballast stands upright. .
- FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a spar-type floating offshore wind power generation facility 1;
- FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the floating body 4;
- FIG. FIG. 2 shows a precast cylindrical body 15, (A) being a longitudinal cross-sectional view, (B) being a plan view (view taken along the line B-B), and (C) being a bottom view (view taken along the line CC).
- Fig. 10(A) and (B) are diagrams of the binding procedure for precast cylindrical bodies 15; It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a boundary portion between a lower concrete floating body structure 4A and an upper steel floating body structure 4B. 1 shows a procedure (part 1) for erecting the floating body 4 according to the first embodiment.
- Fig. 1 shows a procedure (part 1) for erecting the floating body 4 according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 shows a procedure (part 4) for erecting the floating body 4 according to the second embodiment.
- 4 is a side view of the floating body model 40.
- FIG. It is a graph which shows the comparison of an experimental value and an analysis result.
- 7 is a graph showing the influence of eccentricity of the position of the center of gravity of the float on the response (raising action).
- the offshore wind power generation facility 1 includes a tubular floating body 4, a mooring cable 5, a tower 6, a nacelle 8 installed at the top of the tower 6, and a plurality of blades 9, 9. , and the windmill 7 consisting of .
- the floating body 4 is constructed by stacking a plurality of precast tubular bodies 15, 15, made of concrete in the height direction, and binding the precast tubular bodies 15, 15, and so on with PC steel materials 19 to form an integral body. It consists of a lower concrete floating body structure 4A and an upper steel floating body structure 4B connected to the upper side of the lower concrete floating body structure 4A.
- Ballast materials such as water, gravel, fine or coarse aggregates, and metal grains can be put into or discharged from the hollow portion of the floating body 4, and the buoyancy (draft) can be adjusted.
- the ballast material can be charged/discharged by adopting the fluid transportation method previously proposed by the present applicant in Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2012-201217.
- the precast tubular body 15 constituting the lower concrete floating body structure 4A is a circular tubular precast member having the same cross section in the axial direction. Hollow precast parts are used which are either produced using molds or produced by centrifugal molding.
- sheaths 21, 21... for inserting the PC steel rods 19 are embedded in the wall surface at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction.
- a box cut-out portion 22 for mounting is formed.
- a plurality of hanging metal fittings 23 are provided on the upper surface.
- the precast tubular bodies 15 are tightly bound together by inserting the PC steel rods 19, 19, .
- an anchor plate 24 is fitted in the box-out portion 22, and tension is introduced to the PC steel rod 19 by the nut member 25 to integrate them.
- a grout material is injected into the sheath 21 through the grout injection hole 27 (see FIG. 4(B)).
- the hole 24a formed in the anchor plate 24 is a grouting confirmation hole, and filling of the grouting material is completed when the grouting material is discharged from the confirmation hole.
- the coupler 26 is screwed to the protruding portion of the PC steel rod 19, and the upper PC steel rods 19, 19 . . .
- the PC steel rods 19, 19, . . . are stacked while being inserted into the sheaths 21, 21, .
- an epoxy resin-based adhesive 28 or a sealing material is applied to the joint surfaces of the lower-stage precast tubular body 15 and the upper-stage precast tubular body 15 in order to ensure waterproofing and to join the mating surfaces. .
- the upper steel floating body structure 4B is composed of a steel cylindrical body 17 positioned relatively on the lower side and a steel cylindrical body 18 positioned relatively on the upper side. It is configured.
- the steel tubular body 17 on the lower side has the same outer diameter as the precast tubular body 15 at its lower part, and is connected to the precast tubular body 15 .
- the upper portion of the steel tubular body 17 has a truncated cone shape with a gradually narrowing diameter.
- the steel cylindrical body 18 on the upper side is a cylindrical body whose outer diameter is continuous with the upper outer diameter of the steel cylindrical body 17 on the lower side. It is connected by bolts, welding, or the like (bolt fastening in the illustrated example).
- the tower 6 is made of steel, concrete, or PRC (Prestressed Reinforced Concrete), but it is preferable to use steel so as to reduce the total weight.
- the outer diameter of the tower 6 and the outer diameter of the upper steel tubular body 18 are substantially the same, and the outer shape is continuous in the vertical direction without steps.
- a ladder 13 is provided above the upper steel tubular body 18
- a corridor scaffolding 14 is provided in the circumferential direction substantially at the boundary between the tower 6 and the upper steel tubular body 18 .
- the mooring point K of the mooring cable 5 to the floating body 4 is set at a position below the sea surface and higher than the center of gravity G of the floating body 4, as shown in FIG. Therefore, it becomes possible to prevent the ship from coming into contact with the mooring line 5 .
- a resistance moment centering on the center of gravity G of the floating body 4 is generated at the mooring point so as to prevent the floating body 4 from falling too much, the tilting posture of the tower 6 can be properly maintained.
- the nacelle 8 is a device equipped with a generator that converts the rotation of the windmill 7 into electricity and a controller that can automatically change the angle of the blades 9 .
- the floating body 4 is loaded onto the semi-submersible barge 30 while adjusting the ballast.
- a weight 2 is detachably attached to the floating body 4 for eccentrically moving the center of gravity.
- the weight 2 is desirably attached to the outer surface of the floating body 4 at a position above the sea surface when the floating body 4 is erected.
- the eccentricity of the center of gravity position does not mean the eccentricity only in the direction (Z-axis) along the longitudinal central axis of the floating body 4, but in the plane direction (X, It means movement of the center of gravity position including eccentricity to the Y-axis plane). Therefore, the weight 2 may be provided at one location on the outer surface of the floating body 4, and even-numbered locations (for example, 180° or 90°) symmetrical to the outer surface of the floating body 4. It is not desirable to set
- Float-off (surfacing/launching) of the floating body 4 involves injecting water into the semi-submersible barge 30 to bring it into a semi-submerged state, causing the floating body 4 to float in seawater, and moving the semi-submersible barge 30 from the floating body 4. keep them apart.
- ballast barge 32 equipped with ballast water pump equipment is brought close to the floating body 4 that has been floated off so that water can be injected, and a ballast hose 33 is attached to the floating body 4. 4 to enable the supply of ballast water.
- the pitch angle of the floating body 4 (inclination angle ⁇ formed by the longitudinal axis of the floating body 4 and the water surface) gradually increases. rise. Then, after a certain time, as shown in FIG. 8, the floating body 4 suddenly starts to stand up. Then, as shown in FIG. 9, the floating body 4 stands up substantially vertically.
- solid ballast 34 is put into the floating body 4 .
- the solid ballast 34 powdery particles having a higher specific gravity than water are used. Specifically, sand, gravel, minerals including barite, metal powders such as iron and lead, and metal grains are used. It is preferable to use one kind of metal or a combination of two or more kinds of metals.
- a ballast material having an appropriate specific gravity can be thrown. Also, the draft of the floating body 4 is adjusted while balancing with the ballast water.
- a ladder 13 is attached to the top of the floating body 4, and a corridor scaffolding 14 is provided. Furthermore, one end of the mooring cable 5 is tethered to the floating body 4 and the other end is tethered to an anchor sunk on the seabed to stabilize the floating body 4 .
- the tower 6, the nacelle 8 connected to the top of the tower 6, and the wind turbine 7 consisting of a plurality of wind turbine blades 9, 9, are collectively lifted by a crane installed on a large crane ship 35. It is installed above the floating body 4 while being suspended.
- ballast water when the floating body 4 for a spar-type offshore wind power generation facility floating sideways on the sea is erected by pouring ballast water, a first procedure in which the position of the center of gravity of the floating body 4 for spar-type offshore wind power generation equipment is eccentrically shifted by a center-of-gravity eccentricity means; After ballast water is injected and the floating body 4 for spar type offshore wind power generation facility starts to stand up, the injection of ballast water is stopped at a predetermined amount to erect the spar type floating body 4 for offshore wind power generation facility. A second procedure of stopping in an oblique state before standing up, and a third step of gradually injecting ballast water to erect the floating body 4 for spar-type offshore wind power generation equipment.
- the weight 2 attachment and the injection of the solid ballast 34 into the floating body 4 can be adopted as the gravity center eccentric means.
- the upright motion becomes slow, so that the floating body 4 can be stopped in an oblique state before it stands upright.
- the ballast water is gradually injected to make the floating body 4 stand upright. The swaying due to the movement can be made to act less, which makes it possible to do so more safely and efficiently.
- the inclination angle ⁇ at which the floating body 4 is stopped in an oblique state before standing upright is preferably an angle equal to or less than the angle of repose of the solid ballast 34.
- the floating body 4 As shown in FIG. 12, once the floating body 4 has been manufactured in a predetermined wharf area, it is loaded onto the semi-submersible barge 30 while adjusting the ballast.
- a solid ballast 34 is put into the inside of the floating body 4 while the floating body is loaded. It should be noted that the solid ballast 34 can be introduced before loading onto the semi-submersible barge 30 .
- the solid ballast 34 is allowed to flow without being constrained by any means. Therefore, since the floating body 4 is loaded on the semi-submersible barge 30 in a lateral direction, the solid ballast 34 is spread laterally. That is, when the floating body 4 is oriented sideways, the center of gravity of the floating body 4 is eccentric due to the solid ballast 34 .
- the floating body 4 is floated on the sea.
- Float-off (surfacing/launching) of the floating body 4 is performed by injecting water into the semi-submersible barge 30 to bring it into a semi-submerged state, floating the floating body 4 in seawater, and then setting the semi-submersible barge 30 to the floating body. Keep away from 4.
- ballast barge 32 equipped with ballast water pump equipment is brought close to the floating body 4 that has been floated off so that water can be injected, and a ballast hose 33 is attached to the floating body 4. 4 to enable the supply of ballast water.
- the pitch angle of the floating body 4 (the angle ⁇ between the longitudinal direction of the floating body and the water surface) rises, albeit little by little. . Then, after a certain point, as shown in FIG. 14, the floating body 4 suddenly starts to stand up. Then, as shown in FIG. 15, the floating body 4 stands up substantially vertically.
- the center of gravity of the floating body 4 is eccentric due to the solid ballast thrown inside, and the pitch angle ⁇ of the floating body 4 gradually increases due to the injection of ballast water.
- the solid ballast 34 maintains the unevenly distributed state without moving up to the inclination angle ⁇ of the angle of repose (angle of slope capable of maintaining stability without collapsing). After the inclination angle ⁇ of the floating body 4 exceeds the angle of repose, the solid ballast 34 starts to move, but since its moving speed is slower than that of water, the solid ballast 34 flows while taking time until it stands up.
- the eccentricity of the center of gravity position is eliminated by filling the bottom of the floating body 4, but the eccentricity is maintained while the amount of eccentricity gradually decreases until just before the floating body 4 rises up. As the movement slows down, it becomes possible to suppress the swaying after reaching a near upright position. Therefore, it is possible to safely and efficiently raise the floating body 4 by injecting ballast water.
- the draught of the floating body 4 is adjusted by injecting ballast water, since a predetermined amount of solid ballast 34 has already been put in.
- FIG. 16 shows the outline and dimensions of the floating model 40.
- the scale is 1/36.11 of the assumed actual machine (2MW machine).
- the weight and the height of the center of gravity were adjusted by attaching steel plates to the upper and lower parts of the floating body, which is mainly made of vinyl chloride pipes. Further, as shown in FIG. 16, markers 41 and 42 used for motion measurement are attached at two positions of 65 mm and 418 mm from the upper end of the floating body.
- the floating model 40 was moored in the center of the water tank.
- the upper part of the floating body is moored from the water tank auxiliary truck, and the lower part of the floating body is moored from the water tank shore.
- a motion capture system that captures the movements of the markers 41 and 42 in real time was used to measure the attitude of the floating model 40.
- the two markers 41 and 42 attached to the floating model 40 were captured by a total of four cameras (Qualysis 5+; 4 MP, 2048x2048 pixels, 180 fps) installed on the side of the water tank. ) are output as spatial coordinate values. Based on the converted coordinate values, the angle of inclination between the central axis of the floating body and the water surface was calculated and used as the pitch angle.
- Ballast water was injected through a hose from the upper part of the floating body.
- the pump used was a Takumina Smoothflow pump (maximum discharge rate: 1.08 L/min, maximum discharge pressure: 1 MPa).
- the flow rate during the experiment was set at 0.73 L/min (5.7 m3/min in terms of actual equipment).
- FIG. 17 shows the experimental results when standing up in comparison with the simulation analysis results by ADAMS.
- the floating body fixed coordinate system has the origin at the bottom surface of the floating body, the Z axis upward along the central axis of the floating body, and the X and Y axes in the direction orthogonal to this.
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Abstract
Description
前記スパー型洋上風力発電設備用浮体に対して、重心偏心化手段によって重心位置を偏心させた状態とする第1手順と、
バラスト水の注水を行い、前記スパー型洋上風力発電設備用浮体を直立に起立させる第2手順とからなることを特徴とするスパー型洋上風力発電設備用浮体の立て起こし方法が提供される。
前記スパー型洋上風力発電設備用浮体に対して、重心偏心化手段によって重心位置を偏心させた状態とする第1手順と、
バラスト水の注水を行い、前記スパー型洋上風力発電設備用浮体が立て起こし動作を開始した後、所定量でバラスト水の注水を停止することによって前記スパー型洋上風力発電設備用浮体を直立に起立する以前の斜め状態で停止させる第2手順と、
更にバラスト水を徐々に注水することにより前記スパー型洋上風力発電設備用浮体を直立に起立させる第3手順とからなることを特徴とするスパー型洋上風力発電設備用浮体の立て起こし方法が提供される。
〔スパー型浮体式洋上風力発電設備1〕
本発明の係る「スパー型洋上風力発電設備用浮体の立て起こし方法」を説明する前に、スパー型浮体式の洋上風力発電設備1の構造例について、図1~図5に基づいて詳述する。
次に、前述したスパー型洋上風力発電設備用の浮体4の立て起こし方法について詳述する。
前記スパー型洋上風力発電設備用浮体4に対して、着脱自在にウエイト2を取り付けることによって重心位置を偏心させた状態とする第1手順と、バラスト水の注水を行い、前記スパー型洋上風力発電設備用浮体4を直立に起立させる第2手順とからなるものである。前記ウエイト2が本発明の「重心偏心化手段」を構成するものである。以下、図6~図10に基づいて具体的に詳述する。
次に、スパー型洋上風力発電設備用の浮体4の立て起こし方法の第2形態例について詳述する。
前記スパー型洋上風力発電設備用浮体4に対して、重心偏心化手段によって重心位置を偏心させた状態とする第1手順と、
バラスト水の注水を行い、前記スパー型洋上風力発電設備用浮体4が立て起こし動作を開始した後、所定量でバラスト水の注水を停止することによって前記スパー型洋上風力発電設備用浮体4を直立に起立する以前の斜め状態で停止させる第2手順と、
更にバラスト水を徐々に注水することにより前記スパー型洋上風力発電設備用浮体4を直立に起立させる第3手順とからなるものである。
上記形態例では、重心偏心化手段としてウエイト2を用いた例を示したが、前記重心偏心化手段として、固形バラスト34を用いた例について、図12~図15に基づいて詳述する。
(1)前記重心偏心化手段として、浮体4の外面に取り付けたウエイト2を用いる場合と、浮体4の内部に固形バラスト34を投入する場合との2つの例について説明したが、これらは併用して用いることも可能である。予め浮体4の内部に固形バラスト34を投入しておくことによって、洋上での固形バラスト投入作業を無くすことが可能になり、作業が効率化できるようになる。
1.1 模型諸元
図16および表1に、浮体模型40の概要・寸法を示す.想定実機(2MW機)の1/36.11の縮尺となっている.塩化ビニール製パイプを主体として製作し,浮体上部と下部に鉄板を装着することで重量及び重心高さを調整した。また、図16に示すように、浮体上部端より、65mmおよび418mmの2箇所に動揺計測で使用するマーカー41、42を取り付けている。
水槽実験は,試験水槽(幅:24.4 m,長さ:38.8 m,実験時の水深:1.824 m)にて実施した。
バラスト水の注水は、浮体上部よりホースを通じておこなった。使用したポンプは、タクミナ製スムーズフローポンプ(最大吐出量1.08 L/min、最大吐出圧:1 MPa)である。実験時の流量は、0.73 L/min(実機換算で5.7 m3/min)とした。
解析は、任意のバラスト水が浮体内部にある状態において、浮体自身に作用する重力、内部バラスト水に作用する重力、偏心のためのウエイトに作用する重力、浮体に作用する浮力、運動する浮体が外部の流体から受ける付加質量力および抗力の6つの力を考慮し、これらと浮体運動にともなう慣性力との動的なつり合い条件から浮体姿勢を求めることをプログラム(ADAMS:機構解析ソフト)により行った。
3.1 実験値と解析結果の比較(立て起し時)
立て起し時の実験結果を、ADAMSによるシミュレーション解析結果と比較して図17に示す。ここで、内部バラスト水がない状態での浮体自身の重心位置としては、浮体固定座標系に対して(Xg, Yg, Zg)=(0.0022m, 0.0m, 0.788m)を指定している。ただし、浮体固定座標系は浮体底面に原点を取り、浮体中心軸にそって上向きにZ軸を取り、これと直交する方向にX軸およびY軸をとっている。
3.1より、ADAMSによるシミュレーションにより立て起し時における浮体応答を精度よく予測できることが分かったので、次に浮体重心位置の偏心による応答への影響をシミュレーションにより調査する。Xg=0.0(偏心なし)と、ウエイトの取付けによってXg=0.0022m(実験条件と同様)とXg=0.0044m(重心位置の偏心が2倍の場合)とのXgの値を変化させた計3ケースについて、立て起し時の浮体応答のシミュレーションを実施した。その結果を図18に示す。
Claims (5)
- 海上において、横向きで浮かんだスパー型洋上風力発電設備用浮体をバラスト水の注水によって立て起こしするに当たって、
前記スパー型洋上風力発電設備用浮体に対して、重心偏心化手段によって重心位置を偏心させた状態とする第1手順と、
バラスト水の注水を行い、前記スパー型洋上風力発電設備用浮体を直立に起立させる第2手順とからなることを特徴とするスパー型洋上風力発電設備用浮体の立て起こし方法。 - 海上において、横向きで浮かんだスパー型洋上風力発電設備用浮体をバラスト水の注水によって立て起こしするに当たって、
前記スパー型洋上風力発電設備用浮体に対して、重心偏心化手段によって重心位置を偏心させた状態とする第1手順と、
バラスト水の注水を行い、前記スパー型洋上風力発電設備用浮体が立て起こし動作を開始した後、所定量でバラスト水の注水を停止することによって前記スパー型洋上風力発電設備用浮体を直立に起立する以前の斜め状態で停止させる第2手順と、
更にバラスト水を徐々に注水することにより前記スパー型洋上風力発電設備用浮体を直立に起立させる第3手順とからなることを特徴とするスパー型洋上風力発電設備用浮体の立て起こし方法。 - 前記重心偏心化手段は、前記スパー型洋上風力発電設備用浮体の外面に着脱自在に取り付けたウエイトとする請求項1、2いずれかに記載のスパー型洋上風力発電設備用浮体の立て起こし方法。
- 前記ウエイトは、立て起こしした際に、海面上の位置に取り付けてある請求項3記載のスパー型洋上風力発電設備用浮体の立て起こし方法。
- 前記重心偏心化手段は、前記スパー型洋上風力発電設備用浮体の内部に投入した固形バラストとする請求項1、2いずれかに記載のスパー型洋上風力発電設備用浮体の立て起こし方法。
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