WO2022209330A1 - 電波反射板 - Google Patents
電波反射板 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022209330A1 WO2022209330A1 PCT/JP2022/005130 JP2022005130W WO2022209330A1 WO 2022209330 A1 WO2022209330 A1 WO 2022209330A1 JP 2022005130 W JP2022005130 W JP 2022005130W WO 2022209330 A1 WO2022209330 A1 WO 2022209330A1
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- patch electrodes
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 20
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 20
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 17
- 102100036464 Activated RNA polymerase II transcriptional coactivator p15 Human genes 0.000 description 12
- 101000713904 Homo sapiens Activated RNA polymerase II transcriptional coactivator p15 Proteins 0.000 description 12
- 229910004444 SUB1 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 229910004438 SUB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 101100311330 Schizosaccharomyces pombe (strain 972 / ATCC 24843) uap56 gene Proteins 0.000 description 11
- 101150018444 sub2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 11
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 240000001973 Ficus microcarpa Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133553—Reflecting elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
- H01Q15/148—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures with means for varying the reflecting properties
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
- G02F1/13478—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells based on selective reflection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/08—Radiating ends of two-conductor microwave transmission lines, e.g. of coaxial lines, of microstrip lines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/44—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the electric or magnetic characteristics of reflecting, refracting, or diffracting devices associated with the radiating element
- H01Q3/46—Active lenses or reflecting arrays
Definitions
- Embodiments of the present invention relate to radio wave reflectors.
- a radio wave reflector that can control the direction of radio wave reflection using liquid crystal is being studied.
- reflection controllers having reflective electrodes are arranged one-dimensionally (or two-dimensionally). Also in the radio wave reflector, it is necessary to adjust the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal so that the phase difference of the reflected radio waves is constant between the adjacent reflection control portions.
- This embodiment provides a radio wave reflector that can increase the amount of phase change in the reflected wave of radio waves.
- a radio wave reflector includes: a first substrate having a plurality of patch electrodes arranged in a matrix at intervals along each of the X-axis and Y-axis perpendicular to each other; and a liquid crystal layer held between the first substrate and the second substrate and facing the patch electrodes.
- Each patch electrode has a first slot.
- the radio wave reflector is a first substrate having a plurality of patch electrodes arranged in a matrix at intervals along each of the X-axis and Y-axis perpendicular to each other; and a liquid crystal layer held between the first substrate and the second substrate and facing the patch electrodes.
- the common electrode has a plurality of first slots, each of the first slots overlapping a corresponding one of the plurality of patch electrodes.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a radio wave reflector according to one embodiment.
- 2 is a plan view showing the radio wave reflector shown in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged plan view showing the patch electrode shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a part of the radio wave reflector, showing a single reflection control section.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a part of the radio wave reflector, showing a plurality of reflection control units.
- FIG. 6 is a timing chart showing changes in the voltage applied to the patch electrode for each period in the method for driving the radio wave reflector of the above embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a bar graph showing phase change amounts of reflected waves in the embodiment and the comparative example.
- FIG. 8 is a bar graph showing attenuation amounts of reflected waves in the embodiment and the comparative example.
- FIG. 9 is an enlarged plan view showing a plurality of patch electrodes and a plurality of connection wirings according to Modification 1 of the above embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is an enlarged plan view showing a plurality of patch electrodes and a plurality of connection wirings according to Modification 2 of the above embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is an enlarged plan view showing a part of the radio wave reflector according to Modification 3 of the above embodiment, showing a plurality of patch electrodes, a plurality of connection wirings, and a common electrode.
- FIG. 12 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a part of the radio wave reflector according to Modification 3, showing a single reflection control unit.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a radio wave reflector RE according to this embodiment.
- the radio wave reflector RE can reflect radio waves and functions as a relay device for radio waves.
- the radio wave reflector RE includes a first substrate SUB1, a second substrate SUB2, and a liquid crystal layer LC.
- the first substrate SUB1 has an electrically insulating substrate 1, a plurality of patch electrodes PE, and an alignment film AL1.
- the substrate 1 is formed in a flat plate shape and extends along the XY plane including the mutually orthogonal X-axis and Y-axis.
- the alignment film AL1 covers the plurality of patch electrodes PE.
- the second substrate SUB2 is opposed to the first substrate SUB1 with a predetermined gap.
- the second substrate SUB2 has an electrically insulating substrate 2, a common electrode CE, and an alignment film AL2.
- the substrate 2 is formed in a flat plate shape and extends along the XY plane.
- the common electrode CE faces the plurality of patch electrodes PE in a direction parallel to the Z-axis orthogonal to each of the X-axis and Y-axis.
- the alignment film AL2 covers the common electrode CE.
- each of the alignment film AL1 and the alignment film AL2 is a horizontal alignment film.
- the first substrate SUB1 and the second substrate SUB2 are joined by a sealing material SE arranged on their respective peripheral portions.
- the liquid crystal layer LC is provided in a space surrounded by the first substrate SUB1, the second substrate SUB2, and the sealing material SE.
- the liquid crystal layer LC is held between the first substrate SUB1 and the second substrate SUB2.
- the liquid crystal layer LC faces the plurality of patch electrodes PE on the one hand and the common electrode CE on the other hand.
- the thickness (cell gap) of the liquid crystal layer LC is assumed to be dl .
- the thickness dl is greater than the thickness of the liquid crystal layer of a normal liquid crystal display panel.
- the thickness dl is 50 ⁇ m.
- the thickness dl may be less than 50 ⁇ m as long as the reflection phase of radio waves can be sufficiently adjusted.
- the thickness dl may exceed 50 ⁇ m in order to increase the reflection angle of radio waves.
- the liquid crystal material used for the liquid crystal layer LC of the radio wave reflector RE is different from the liquid crystal material used for ordinary liquid crystal display panels. The reflection phase of the radio wave mentioned above will be described later.
- a common voltage is applied to the common electrode CE, and the potential of the common electrode CE is fixed.
- the common voltage is 0V.
- a voltage is also applied to the patch electrode PE.
- the patch electrodes PE are AC-driven.
- the liquid crystal layer LC is driven by a so-called vertical electric field.
- a voltage applied between the patch electrode PE and the common electrode CE acts on the liquid crystal layer LC, thereby changing the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal layer LC.
- the absolute value of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer LC is 10 V or less. This is because the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal layer LC is saturated at 10V. However, depending on the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal layer LC, the voltage at which the liquid crystal layer LC is saturated varies, so the absolute value of the voltage acting on the liquid crystal layer LC may exceed 10V.
- the first substrate SUB1 has an incident surface Sa on the side opposite to the side facing the second substrate SUB2.
- an incident wave w1 is a radio wave incident on the radio wave reflector RE
- a reflected wave w2 is a radio wave reflected by the radio wave reflector RE.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the radio wave reflector RE shown in FIG.
- the plurality of patch electrodes PE are arranged in a matrix at intervals along each of the X-axis and the Y-axis. In the XY plane, the patch electrodes PE have the same shape and size.
- the plurality of patch electrodes PE are arranged at equal intervals along the X-axis and at equal intervals along the Y-axis.
- a plurality of patch electrodes PE are included in a plurality of patch electrode groups GP extending along the Y-axis and arranged along the X-axis.
- the multiple patch electrode groups GP include a first patch electrode group GP1 to an eighth patch electrode group GP8.
- the first patch electrode group GP1 has a plurality of first patch electrodes PE1, the second patch electrode group GP2 has a plurality of second patch electrodes PE2, and the third patch electrode group GP3 has a plurality of third patch electrodes PE3.
- the fourth patch electrode group GP4 has a plurality of fourth patch electrodes PE4, the fifth patch electrode group GP5 has a plurality of fifth patch electrodes PE5, and the sixth patch electrode group GP6 has a plurality of the It has six patch electrodes PE6, a seventh patch electrode group GP7 has a plurality of seventh patch electrodes PE7, and an eighth patch electrode group GP8 has a plurality of eighth patch electrodes PE8.
- the second patch electrode PE2 is located between the first patch electrode PE1 and the third patch electrode PE3 in the direction along the X-axis.
- Each patch electrode group GP includes a plurality of patch electrodes PE arranged along the Y-axis and electrically connected to each other.
- the plurality of patch electrodes PE of each patch electrode group GP are electrically connected by connection lines L.
- the first substrate SUB1 has a plurality of connection wirings L extending along the Y-axis and arranged along the X-axis.
- the connection wiring L extends to a region of the substrate 1 that is not opposed to the second substrate SUB2.
- the plurality of connection wirings L may be connected to the plurality of patch electrodes PE one-to-one.
- the plurality of patch electrodes PE arranged along the Y-axis and the connection wiring L are integrally formed of the same conductor.
- the plurality of patch electrodes PE and the connection lines L may be formed of conductors different from each other.
- the patch electrodes PE, the connection lines L, and the common electrode CE are made of metal or a conductor similar to metal.
- the patch electrodes PE, the connection lines L, and the common electrode CE may be made of a transparent conductive material such as ITO (indium tin oxide).
- the connection wiring L may be connected to an outer lead bonding (OLB) pad (not shown).
- connection wiring L is a fine wire, and the width of the connection wiring L is sufficiently smaller than the length Px, which will be described later.
- the width of the connection line L is several ⁇ m to several tens of ⁇ m, and is on the order of ⁇ m. It should be noted that if the width of the connection wiring L is made too large, the sensitivity to the frequency component of the radio wave is changed, which is not desirable.
- the sealing material SE is arranged at the peripheral edge of the region where the first substrate SUB1 and the second substrate SUB2 face each other.
- FIG. 2 shows an example in which eight patch electrodes PE are arranged in the direction along the X-axis and in the direction along the Y-axis.
- the number of patch electrodes PE can be variously modified.
- 100 patch electrodes PE may be arranged in the direction along the X-axis, and a plurality (eg, 100) of patch electrodes PE may be arranged in the direction along the Y-axis.
- the length of the radio wave reflector RE (first substrate SUB1) in the X-axis direction is, for example, 40 to 80 cm.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged plan view showing the patch electrode PE shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
- the patch electrode PE has a square shape.
- the shape of the patch electrode PE is not particularly limited, a square or a perfect circle is desirable. Focusing on the external shape of the patch electrode PE, it is desirable to have a shape with a vertical and horizontal aspect ratio of 1:1. This is because a 90° rotationally symmetrical structure is desirable to accommodate horizontal and vertical polarizations.
- the patch electrode PE has a length Px along the X-axis and a length Py along the Y-axis. It is desirable to adjust the length Px and the length Py according to the frequency band of the incident wave w1. Next, a desirable relationship between the frequency band of the incident wave w1 and the lengths Px and Py will be illustrated.
- the patch electrode PE has holes called slots.
- each patch electrode PE has a single first slot O1.
- the first slot O1 has a quadrangular (square) shape.
- the first slot O1 has a length Ox along the X-axis and a length Oy along the Y-axis.
- the length Ox and the length Oy are each from 100 ⁇ m to several 100 ⁇ m.
- the size and shape of the first slots O1 are the same among the plurality of patch electrodes PE.
- the relative positions of the first slots O1 in the patch electrodes PE are the same among the plurality of patch electrodes PE.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing part of the radio wave reflector RE, showing a single reflection control section RH.
- illustration of the substrate 1 and the like is omitted.
- the thickness d l (cell gap) of the liquid crystal layer LC is maintained by a plurality of spacers SS.
- the spacer SS is a columnar spacer, formed on the second substrate SUB2, and protruding toward the first substrate SUB1. No spacer SS exists in the region facing the first slot O1.
- the cross-sectional diameter of the spacer SS in the X direction is 10 to 20 ⁇ m. While the lengths Px and Py of the patch electrodes PE are on the order of mm, the cross-sectional diameter of the spacer SS in the X direction is on the order of ⁇ m. Therefore, it is necessary to have the spacer SS in the region facing the patch electrode PE. Further, the ratio of the region where the plurality of spacers SS are present in the region facing the patch electrode PE is about 1%.
- the spacer SS may be formed on the first substrate SUB1 and protrude toward the second substrate SUB2.
- the spacers SS may be spherical spacers.
- a spacer SS may exist in the region facing the first slot O1.
- the radio wave reflector RE is equipped with a plurality of reflection control units RH.
- Each reflection control unit RH includes one patch electrode PE among the plurality of patch electrodes PE, a portion of the common electrode CE facing the one patch electrode PE, a first region A1 of the liquid crystal layer LC, and liquid crystal and a second region A2 of the layer LC.
- the first area A1 is an area facing the first slot O1 of one patch electrode PE in the liquid crystal layer LC.
- the second area A2 is an area facing one patch electrode PE in the liquid crystal layer LC and surrounds the first area A1.
- the permittivity of the first area A1 and the permittivity of the second area A2 are the same.
- the dielectric constant of the first area A1 does not substantially change, but the dielectric constant of the second area A2 changes.
- the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal layer LC is proportional to the voltage applied between the patch electrode PE and the common electrode CE. Therefore, in a state in which a voltage is applied between the patch electrode PE and the common electrode CE, the permittivity of the first area A1 and the permittivity of the second area A2 are different from each other.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a part of the radio wave reflector RE, showing a plurality of reflection control units RH.
- each reflection control unit RH adjusts the phase of the radio wave (incident wave w1) incident from the incident surface Sa side according to the voltage applied to the patch electrode PE, and transmits the radio wave to the incident surface. It functions to reflect to the Sa side and form a reflected wave w2.
- the reflected wave w2 is a composite wave of the radio wave reflected by the patch electrode PE and the radio wave reflected by the common electrode CE.
- the patch electrodes PE are arranged at equal intervals in the direction along the X-axis.
- dk be the length (pitch) between adjacent patch electrodes PE.
- the length dk corresponds to the distance from the geometric center of one patch electrode PE to the geometric center of the adjacent patch electrode PE.
- the reflected waves w2 have the same phase in the first reflection direction d1.
- the first reflection direction d1 is a direction forming a first angle ⁇ 1 with the Z axis.
- the first reflection direction d1 is parallel to the XZ plane.
- the phases of the radio waves reflected by the plurality of reflection control units RH need only be aligned on the linear two-dot chain line.
- the phase of the reflected wave w2 at the point Q1b and the phase of the reflected wave w2 at the point Q2a should be aligned.
- a physical linear distance from the point Q1a to the point Q1b of the first patch electrode PE1 is d k ⁇ sin ⁇ 1.
- FIG. 6 is a timing chart showing changes in the voltage applied to the patch electrode PE for each period in the method for driving the radio wave reflector RE of this embodiment.
- FIG. 6 shows a first period Pd1 to a fifth period Pd5 of the driving period of the radio wave reflector RE.
- the polarity of the voltage applied to each patch electrode PE is periodically reversed.
- the patch electrode PE is driven with a driving frequency of 60 Hz.
- the patch electrodes PE are AC driven.
- the parameters of the radio wave reflector RE of this embodiment and the parameters of the radio wave reflector of the comparative example are set as shown in Table 1 below.
- the phase change amount of the reflected wave is greater in the embodiment in which the patch electrode PE is formed with a slot (first slot O1) than in the comparative example in which the patch electrode PE is not formed with a slot. I know it will grow. Therefore, in the radio wave reflector RE of the embodiment, it is possible to improve the degree of freedom in phase control of the reflected wave. For example, the reflection direction of the reflected wave w2 can be tilted further from the Z axis (increased angle ⁇ ).
- the number of targets for driving the liquid crystal layer LC is reduced compared to the comparative example by the first area A1 of the liquid crystal layer LC.
- FIG. 8 it was found that the amount of attenuation of the amplitude of the reflected wave in the embodiment was suppressed and was equivalent to the amount of attenuation of the amplitude of the reflected wave in the comparative example. It is 0 dB when the radio wave is totally reflected by the radio wave reflector RE.
- FIG. 8 shows the case where the amplitude attenuation of the reflected wave is maximized.
- V the absolute value of the voltage applied between the patch electrode PE and the common electrode CE, the phase amount ( ⁇ ) of the reflected wave, and is shown in Table 3.
- each patch electrode PE has the first slot O1.
- the phase change amount of the reflected wave w2 can be increased. From the above, it is possible to obtain the radio wave reflector RE capable of increasing the phase change amount of the reflected wave w2 of the radio wave.
- FIG. 9 is an enlarged plan view showing a plurality of patch electrodes PE and a plurality of connection wirings L according to Modification 1 of the above embodiment.
- the radio wave reflector RE of Modification 1 differs from the above-described embodiment in terms of the shape of the first slot O1.
- the first slot O1 has a circular (perfect circle) shape.
- the shape of the first slot O1 is not particularly limited, a square or a perfect circle is desirable. Focusing on the outline of the first slot O1, it is preferable that the direction of polarization of the incident radio wave, specifically, the behavior is the same for vertical polarization and horizontal polarization, and the vertical and horizontal aspect ratio is 1:1. Shape is desirable.
- the size and shape of the first slots O1 are the same among the plurality of patch electrodes PE.
- the size and shape of the second slots O2 are the same among the plurality of patch electrodes PE.
- the size and shape of the third slots O3 are the same among the plurality of patch electrodes PE.
- the size and shape of the fourth slot O4 are the same among the plurality of patch electrodes PE.
- the relative positions of the first slots O1 in the patch electrodes PE are the same among the plurality of patch electrodes PE.
- the relative positions of the second slots O2 in the patch electrodes PE are the same among the plurality of patch electrodes PE.
- the relative positions of the third slots O3 in the patch electrodes PE are the same among the plurality of patch electrodes PE.
- the relative positions of the fourth slots O4 in the patch electrodes PE are the same among the plurality of patch electrodes PE.
- the number of slots O included in the patch electrode PE may be two, three, or five or more.
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Abstract
Description
互いに直交するX軸及びY軸のそれぞれに沿って間隔を置いてマトリクス状に並べられた複数のパッチ電極を有する第1基板と、前記X軸及び前記Y軸のそれぞれに直交するZ軸に平行な方向にて前記複数のパッチ電極と対向した共通電極を有する第2基板と、前記第1基板と前記第2基板との間に保持され、前記複数のパッチ電極と対向した液晶層と、を備え、各々の前記パッチ電極は、第1スロットを有している。
互いに直交するX軸及びY軸のそれぞれに沿って間隔を置いてマトリクス状に並べられた複数のパッチ電極を有する第1基板と、前記X軸及び前記Y軸のそれぞれに直交するZ軸に平行な方向にて前記複数のパッチ電極と対向した共通電極を有する第2基板と、前記第1基板と前記第2基板との間に保持され、前記複数のパッチ電極と対向した液晶層と、を備え、前記共通電極は、複数の第1スロットを有し、各々の前記第1スロットは、前記複数のパッチ電極のうち対応する一のパッチ電極に重なっている。
まず、一実施形態について説明する。図1は、本実施形態に係る電波反射板REを示す断面図である。電波反射板REは、電波を反射させることができ、電波のための中継装置として機能している。
第1基板SUB1は、第2基板SUB2と対向する側とは反対側に入射面Saを有している。なお、図中、入射波w1は電波反射板REに入射される電波であり、反射波w2は電波反射板REで反射された電波である。
2.4GHz: Px=Py=35mm
5.0GHz: Px=Py=16.8mm
28GHz: Px=Py=3.0mm
図2及び図3に示すように、第1スロットO1のサイズ及び形状は、複数のパッチ電極PEの間で同一である。パッチ電極PEにおける第1スロットO1の相対的な位置は、複数のパッチ電極PEの間で同一である。
図4に示すように、液晶層LCの厚みdl(セルギャップ)は、複数のスペーサSSにより保持されている。本実施形態において、スペーサSSは、柱状スペーサであり、第2基板SUB2に形成され、第1基板SUB1側に突出している。第1スロットO1に対向する領域に、スペーサSSは存在していない。
また、本実施形態と異なり、第1スロットO1に対向する領域に、スペーサSSが存在してもよい。
図5に示すように、各々の反射制御部RHは、パッチ電極PEに印加される電圧に応じて入射面Sa側から入射される電波(入射波w1)の位相を調整し、電波を入射面Sa側に反射させ、反射波w2とするように機能する。各々の反射制御部RHにおいて、反射波w2は、パッチ電極PEで反射した電波と共通電極CEで反射した電波との合成波である。
δ1=dk×sinθ1×2π/λ
図8に示すように、しかしながら、実施形態における反射波の振幅の減衰量は、抑えられ、比較例における反射波の振幅の減衰量と同等となることが分かった。なお、電波反射板REにて電波を全反射する場合が0dBである。図8には、反射波の振幅の減衰量が最大となる場合を示している。次に、反射波の振幅の減衰量が最大となる場合に関する、パッチ電極PEと共通電極CEとの間に印加される電圧の絶対値(V)と、反射波の位相量(δ)と、について表3に示す。
次に、上記実施形態の変形例1について説明する。図9は、上記実施形態の変形例1に係る複数のパッチ電極PE及び複数の接続配線Lを示す拡大平面図である。
図9に示すように、変形例1の電波反射板REは、第1スロットO1の形状に関して上記実施形態と相違している。第1スロットO1は円形(真円)の形状を有している。なお、第1スロットO1の形状は得に限定されるものではないが、正方形や真円が望ましい。第1スロットO1の輪郭に注目すると、入射する電波の偏波方向、具体的には垂直偏波と水平偏波に対して同じ振る舞いをすることが好ましく、縦横のアスペクト比が1:1となる形状が望ましい。
次に、上記実施形態の変形例2について説明する。図10は、上記実施形態の変形例2に係るパッチ電極PE及び複数の接続配線Lを示す拡大平面図である。
図10に示すように、各々のパッチ電極PEは、複数のスロットを有してもよい。パッチ電極PEは、第1スロットO1から離れて位置した第2スロットO2と、第1スロットO1及び第2スロットO2から離れて位置した第3スロットO3と、第1スロットO1、第2スロットO2、及び第3スロットO3から離れて位置した第4スロットO4と、をさらに有している。
なお、パッチ電極PEが有するスロットOの個数は、2個、3個、又は5個以上であってもよい。
次に、上記実施形態の変形例3について説明する。図11は、本変形例3に係る電波反射板REの一部を示す拡大平面図であり、複数のパッチ電極PE、複数の接続配線L、及び共通電極CEを示す図である。図12は、本変形例3に係る電波反射板REの一部を示す拡大断面図であり、単一の反射制御部RHを示す図である。
Claims (7)
- 互いに直交するX軸及びY軸のそれぞれに沿って間隔を置いてマトリクス状に並べられた複数のパッチ電極を有する第1基板と、
前記X軸及び前記Y軸のそれぞれに直交するZ軸に平行な方向にて前記複数のパッチ電極と対向した共通電極を有する第2基板と、
前記第1基板と前記第2基板との間に保持され、前記複数のパッチ電極と対向した液晶層と、を備え、
各々の前記パッチ電極は、第1スロットを有している、電波反射板。 - 前記第1スロットのサイズ及び形状は、前記複数のパッチ電極の間で同一であり、
前記パッチ電極における前記第1スロットの相対的な位置は、前記複数のパッチ電極の間で同一である、請求項1に記載の電波反射板。 - 各々の前記パッチ電極は、前記第1スロットから離れて位置した第2スロットをさらに有する、請求項1に記載の電波反射板。
- 前記第1スロットのサイズ及び形状は、前記複数のパッチ電極の間で同一であり、
前記第2スロットのサイズ及び形状は、前記複数のパッチ電極の間で同一であり、
前記パッチ電極における前記第1スロットの相対的な位置は、前記複数のパッチ電極の間で同一であり、
前記パッチ電極における前記第2スロットの相対的な位置は、前記複数のパッチ電極の間で同一である、請求項3に記載の電波反射板。 - 各々の反射制御部は、前記複数のパッチ電極のうち一のパッチ電極と、前記共通電極のうち前記一のパッチ電極と対向した部分と、前記液晶層のうち前記一のパッチ電極の前記第1スロットと対向した第1領域と、前記液晶層のうち前記一のパッチ電極と対向した領域であり前記第1領域を囲んだ領域である第2領域と、を有し、
前記第1基板は、前記第2基板と対向する側とは反対側に入射面を有し、
各々の前記反射制御部は、前記パッチ電極に印加される電圧に応じて前記入射面側から入射される電波の位相を調整し、前記電波を前記入射面側に反射させる、請求項1に記載の電波反射板。 - 前記一のパッチ電極と前記共通電極との間に電圧が印加されていない状態において、前記第1領域の誘電率と、前記第2領域の誘電率とは、同一であり、
前記一のパッチ電極と前記共通電極との間に電圧が印加されている状態において、前記第1領域の誘電率と、前記第2領域の誘電率とは、互いに異なる、請求項5に記載の電波反射板。 - 互いに直交するX軸及びY軸のそれぞれに沿って間隔を置いてマトリクス状に並べられた複数のパッチ電極を有する第1基板と、
前記X軸及び前記Y軸のそれぞれに直交するZ軸に平行な方向にて前記複数のパッチ電極と対向した共通電極を有する第2基板と、
前記第1基板と前記第2基板との間に保持され、前記複数のパッチ電極と対向した液晶層と、を備え、
前記共通電極は、複数の第1スロットを有し、
各々の前記第1スロットは、前記複数のパッチ電極のうち対応する一のパッチ電極に重なっている、電波反射板。
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JP2003529259A (ja) * | 2000-03-29 | 2003-09-30 | エイチアールエル ラボラトリーズ,エルエルシー | 電子同調可能反射器 |
JP2007522735A (ja) * | 2004-02-10 | 2007-08-09 | テレフオンアクチーボラゲット エル エム エリクソン(パブル) | 調整可能な装置 |
JP2012060530A (ja) * | 2010-09-10 | 2012-03-22 | Yagi Antenna Co Ltd | 平面状反射板 |
JP2013214862A (ja) * | 2012-04-02 | 2013-10-17 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | アンテナ装置 |
JP2019530387A (ja) * | 2016-09-22 | 2019-10-17 | 華為技術有限公司Huawei Technologies Co.,Ltd. | ビーム・ステアリング・アンテナのための液晶調整可能メタサーフェス |
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JP2003529259A (ja) * | 2000-03-29 | 2003-09-30 | エイチアールエル ラボラトリーズ,エルエルシー | 電子同調可能反射器 |
JP2007522735A (ja) * | 2004-02-10 | 2007-08-09 | テレフオンアクチーボラゲット エル エム エリクソン(パブル) | 調整可能な装置 |
JP2012060530A (ja) * | 2010-09-10 | 2012-03-22 | Yagi Antenna Co Ltd | 平面状反射板 |
JP2013214862A (ja) * | 2012-04-02 | 2013-10-17 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | アンテナ装置 |
JP2019530387A (ja) * | 2016-09-22 | 2019-10-17 | 華為技術有限公司Huawei Technologies Co.,Ltd. | ビーム・ステアリング・アンテナのための液晶調整可能メタサーフェス |
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