WO2022204851A1 - 防针刺注射器 - Google Patents

防针刺注射器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022204851A1
WO2022204851A1 PCT/CN2021/083508 CN2021083508W WO2022204851A1 WO 2022204851 A1 WO2022204851 A1 WO 2022204851A1 CN 2021083508 W CN2021083508 W CN 2021083508W WO 2022204851 A1 WO2022204851 A1 WO 2022204851A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
needle
stick
seat
syringe
communication hole
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PCT/CN2021/083508
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
毛春元
毛亚凌
Original Assignee
上海金塔医用器材有限公司
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Application filed by 上海金塔医用器材有限公司 filed Critical 上海金塔医用器材有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2021/083508 priority Critical patent/WO2022204851A1/zh
Publication of WO2022204851A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022204851A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/34—Constructions for connecting the needle, e.g. to syringe nozzle or needle hub

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an anti-needle-stick syringe.
  • the commonly used non-disposable syringes need to be covered with a needle cover to protect the needle after use. Because the needle is very thin and the diameter of the needle cover is not large, it is easy to stab the fingers and cause medical problems. Serious consequences such as human infection.
  • some existing syringes use a needle with its own protective sheath, which is mounted on the barrel through a needle seat. After the injection is complete, slide the slider on the needle hub out and shield the needle. In this way, although it can effectively protect the needle and prevent medical staff from being stabbed, when a small dose of medicine is injected, there is a lot of residual medicine at the front end of the syringe with its own slider and needle seat, which cannot accurately control the dose, which is not effective for treatment. The effect is huge.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defect that the front end of the syringe with its own slider and needle seat has more residual medicine and cannot accurately control the dosage when performing small-dose medicine injection in the prior art, and provides an anti-needle stick. syringe.
  • An anti-needle puncture syringe comprising a needle barrel, a needle head and a needle seat, the inside of the barrel is an injection cavity, the needle seat is installed at the front end of the needle barrel, the outer side of the needle seat is sleeved with a sliding member, and the The tail end of the needle passes through the needle seat and continues to extend to the injection cavity and communicates with the injection cavity.
  • the above-mentioned structure is adopted, so that the needle passes through the needle seat and directly communicates with the injection cavity during the injection process, which greatly reduces the drug residue in the syringe.
  • the front end of the syringe has a mounting seat and a communication hole communicating with the injection cavity, the needle seat is inserted into the mounting seat, and the needle is aligned and inserted into the communication hole.
  • the mounting seat is used to connect with the needle seat, which replaces the conical mouth of the traditional syringe, and further reduces the drug residue in the syringe.
  • the inner wall of the front end of the injection cavity is a conical surface that protrudes forward
  • the syringe further includes a push rod located in the injection cavity, and the front end surface of the push rod is connected to the injection cavity. Match with the inner wall of the front end.
  • the above structural form is adopted, so that the push rod can smoothly push out all the medicines in the injection cavity.
  • the communication hole is located at the top of the conical surface, and the conical surface extends obliquely from the periphery to the communication hole.
  • the above-mentioned structural form is adopted to make it easier for the medicine to converge at the communication hole, so as to be injected through the needle.
  • the drug residual space in the anti-needle-stick syringe is jointly surrounded by the side wall of the communication hole, the bottom surface of the needle seat and the front end surface of the push rod.
  • the above-mentioned structural form is adopted to further reduce the drug residual space in the anti-needle stick syringe, so as to reduce the drug residual.
  • the inner diameter of the communication hole is larger than the outer diameter of the needle.
  • the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, so that the needle can penetrate into the communication hole, and the drug residue at the communication hole can be reduced as much as possible.
  • the mounting seat has an accommodating cavity inside, and an inwardly inclined guide surface is provided at the opening of the accommodating cavity, and the guide surface is used to guide the needle seat to be inserted into the accommodating cavity.
  • the needle seat is easier to be installed in the accommodating cavity of the mounting seat, and at the same time, its overall structure is more stable and firm.
  • the anti-needle-stick syringe further includes a limiting mechanism, which is arranged on the sliding piece and the needle seat, and is used for after the sliding piece slides out and completely covers the needle. , the slider is fixed on the needle seat.
  • the above-mentioned structure is adopted, so that the sliding member that slides out will not retreat and expose the needle again, so as to ensure that the needle is shielded and improve the safety.
  • the sliding member is in the shape of a cylinder with two ends open, and the total length of the plurality of sliding members in the moving direction is greater than the length of the needle head.
  • the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, so that the entire needle head can be covered after the slider is completely slid out.
  • a plurality of the sliding members are nested with each other, and the sliding member located at the innermost layer is movably sleeved on the needle seat.
  • the overall design length of the slider and the needle seat is effectively reduced, and the volume of the entire syringe is reduced.
  • the limiting mechanism is an elastic buckle and a slot
  • the inner side of the sliding piece is provided with an elastic buckle
  • the outer side is provided with a clamping slot
  • a plurality of the sliding pieces nested in each other are completely slid out and pass through the sliding piece.
  • the elastic buckle and the card slot realize fixing.
  • the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, and the sliding member is fixed by the buckle and the locking groove structure, so that the sliding member has a simple structure, is convenient to use, and is easy to operate.
  • the outermost slide is provided with a smooth protrusion at one end close to the needle.
  • the above-mentioned structural form is adopted to prevent part of the skin from being caught in the gap between the sliders when the needle is inserted into the human body.
  • the outer side of the sliding member has a plurality of the snap grooves, which are located at the front and rear ends of the sliding member respectively.
  • the The elastic snap buckle and the snap groove are engaged with each other to restrict the movement of the sliding piece.
  • an overall stable structure can be formed through the buckle, which does not affect injection or transportation, and has good safety.
  • the injection cavity is pre-filled with drugs.
  • the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, so that the medical staff does not need to refill the medicine, and at the same time, the dosage control of the medicine is more precise.
  • the positive improvement effect of the present invention is that: the needle needle is arranged to pass through the needle seat, and the needle head is directly communicated with the injection cavity during the injection process, which greatly reduces the drug residue in the syringe barrel and can accurately control the dose.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a needle stick-proof syringe according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a barrel of a needle-stick prevention syringe according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged perspective view of the communication hole of the anti-needle-stick syringe according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention and its adjacent structures.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the connection between the slider and the needle cover of the anti-needle-stick syringe according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a partial enlarged view of the connection between the slider and the needle cover of the anti-needle-stick syringe according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a partial enlarged view of the mounting seat of the anti-needle stick syringe according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • this embodiment provides an anti-needle stick syringe 100 , which includes a syringe 110 , a needle 3 and a needle seat 2 .
  • the inside of the syringe 110 is an injection cavity 120
  • the needle seat 2 is installed at the front end of the syringe 110 .
  • the outer side of the needle base 2 is sleeved with a sliding member 4 , and the tail end of the needle 3 passes through the needle base 2 and continues to extend to the injection cavity 120 , and communicates with the injection cavity 120 .
  • the drug usually remains in the conical opening at the front end of the injection cavity 120 and the inner space of the needle seat 2, especially when the small dose is injected, the error is large, which may reduce the injection volume of the drug.
  • the medicine in the injection cavity 120 directly enters the needle 3 from the front end of the injection cavity 120, and then enters the human body. Since the cone mouth is eliminated and the needle 3 is directly communicated with the injection cavity 120 , the space for the drug residue is minimized, and the drug residue in the syringe 110 after the injection is completed can be significantly reduced.
  • the front end of the syringe 110 has a mounting seat 130 and a communication hole 140 communicating with the injection cavity 120 , the needle seat 2 is inserted into the mounting seat 130 , and the needle 3 is aligned and connected in parallel into the communication hole 140 .
  • the mounting seat 130 is integrally formed with the syringe 110 .
  • the bottom surface 22 of the needle hub 2 is matched with the inner plane of the mounting seat 130 , and both are planes and are in close contact with each other.
  • the position of the reserved hole 21 for accommodating the needle 3 in the needle seat 2 coincides with the position of the communication hole 140 in the mounting seat 130, so as to ensure that the needle 3 can smoothly enter the communication hole after passing through the needle seat 2 140.
  • the inner diameter of the communication hole 140 is larger than the outer diameter of the needle 3 .
  • the reserved hole 21 and the communication hole 140 are arranged concentrically.
  • the communication hole 140 is arranged in the center of the mounting seat 130 , and the reserved hole 21 is arranged in the center of the needle seat 2 , so that the reserved hole 21 and the communication hole 140 are realized when the needle seat 2 is installed on the mounting seat 130 . automatic alignment.
  • a matching structure such as a concave-convex key or a bayonet, is provided between the needle seat 2 and the mounting seat 130 to realize the preciseness of the reserved hole 21 and the communication hole 140 position. After the needle seat 2 and the mounting seat 130 are inserted at a fixed angle, the reserved hole 21 and the communication hole 140 will be automatically aligned.
  • the needle hub 2 is mounted on the mounting seat 130, while in other embodiments of the present invention, the needle hub 2 can be integrally formed with the mounting seat 130, that is to say, the bottom of the needle hub 2 has a structure similar to that of the mounting seat 130. part of the seat 130, and through which it is integrally formed with the syringe 110.
  • Those skilled in the art can also improve the existing conical structure of the front end of the syringe, and make the conical structure of the front end of the syringe and the needle seat 2 integrally formed in the manufacturing process, so as to achieve the effect of reducing the number of parts and simplifying the overall structure , which indirectly reduces the assembly difficulty and improves the manufacturing efficiency.
  • the inner wall of the front end of the injection cavity 120 is a tapered surface 150 that protrudes forward
  • the syringe 110 further includes a push rod 160 located in the injection cavity 120
  • the push rod 160 further includes a rubber plug 161 fixed to the front end of the push rod 160 .
  • the front end surface of the rubber plug 161 is matched with the inner wall of the front end of the injection cavity 120 .
  • the communication hole 140 is located at the top of the conical surface 150 , and the conical surface 150 extends obliquely toward the communication hole 140 from the periphery.
  • the front end of the syringe 110 forms the inner plane of the mounting seat 130, and the inner wall of the front end of the injection cavity 120 is the tapered surface 150, the front end wall thickness of the syringe 110 is changed from the conventional wall thickness around the center to the middle. The thickness is gradually reduced until a communication hole 140 is formed in the middle.
  • the volume of the communication hole 140 is proportional to the square of the hole diameter and to the hole depth, within a certain angle range, the top of the conical surface 150 The angle must be able to take an extreme value, so that the volume of the communication hole 140 can take the minimum value, so that the residual amount of the medicine in the syringe can take the minimum value.
  • the medicine is more likely to be collected at the communication hole 140 .
  • a rubber plug 161 conforming to the tapered surface 150 is used.
  • the front end surface of the rubber stopper 161 can fit with the tapered surface 150 , so that the medicine in the injection cavity 120 can be pushed out smoothly, and then the injection can be completed through the needle 3 into the body.
  • the medicine in the anti-needle stick syringe 100 mainly remains in the communication hole 140 and the needle 3 .
  • the inner diameter of the needle 3 is extremely small and can be ignored.
  • the space in the communication hole 140 is jointly enclosed by the side walls 141 around the communication hole 140 , the bottom surface 22 of the needle seat 2 and the central area of the front end surface of the push rod 160 . Since the push rod 160 includes the rubber plug 161 at the front end, the central area of the front end surface of the rubber plug 161 protrudes a small distance, so the space in the communication hole 140 is approximately a cylindrical shape, and its volume is approximately equal to a quarter of the hole The product of the depth and the square of the aperture.
  • the hole depth is equal to the wall thickness of the front end of the syringe 110 minus the distance that the tapered surface 150 protrudes forward, wherein the wall thickness of the front end of the syringe 110 itself is thinner, minus a certain distance
  • the hole depth of the communication hole 140 is the hole depth of the communication hole 140 .
  • the needle 3 is inserted into the communication hole 140 for a certain distance, so that the part of the communication hole 140 closest to the needle 3 cannot be filled with the medicine.
  • the diameter of the communication hole 140 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the needle 3 without considering the influence of assembly error and processing tolerance. Even so, since the outer diameter of the needle 3 is very small, although the diameter of the communication hole 140 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the needle 3, it is still small.
  • the tail end of the needle 3 is inserted into the communication hole 140 for a certain distance. Due to the surface tension of the liquid, the medicine in the injection cavity 120 will directly enter the needle 3, so that the volume occupied by the residual medicine is further reduced.
  • the total residual medicine volume inside the anti-needle stick syringe 100 is very small.
  • the diameter of the communication hole 140 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the needle 3 so that the tail end of the needle 3 can be inserted into the communication hole 140 .
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention also has various arrangement manners for making the tail end of the needle 3 communicate with the injection cavity 120 directly.
  • the diameter of the communication hole 140 is set to be the same as the inner diameter of the needle 3 .
  • the space for the drug residue is only a section of cylinder with the same diameter as the inner diameter of the needle 3, and the drug residue can be ignored.
  • the mounting seat 130 has an accommodating cavity inside, and an inwardly inclined guide surface 131 is provided at the opening of the accommodating cavity, and the guiding surface 131 is used to guide the needle hub 2 to be inserted into the accommodating cavity.
  • the accommodating cavity in the mounting seat 130 and the needle seat 2 are both cylindrical.
  • the diameter of the opening at the upper end of the mounting seat 130 is larger than the diameter of the needle seat 2 , and the opening is inclined and contracted inward to form the guide surface 131 .
  • the needle hub 2 there is also a guide structure with a similar shape for guiding the needle head 3 to be inserted into the needle hub 2.
  • the diameter of the opening at the upper end of the needle seat 2 is larger than the diameter of the needle head 3 , and the opening is inclined and contracted inwardly to form a guide surface 131 . This greatly reduces the difficulty of assembling the needle 3, thereby saving the operation time of assembly.
  • the anti-needle-stick syringe 100 further includes a limit mechanism, which is arranged on the slider 4 and the needle seat 2 , and is used to remove the slider 4 and completely cover the needle 3 after the slider 4 slides out and completely covers the needle 3 .
  • the component 4 is fixed on the needle seat 2 .
  • the slider 4 is cylindrical with two ends open, and the total length of the plurality of sliders 4 in the moving direction is greater than the length of the needle 3 .
  • a plurality of sliding members 4 are nested in each other, and the sliding member 4 located at the innermost layer is movably sleeved on the needle seat 2 .
  • the limit mechanism is an elastic buckle 42 and a slot 41.
  • the inner side of the slider 4 is provided with an elastic buckle 42, and the outer side is provided with a slot 41. After the sliding members 4 nested in each other are completely slid out, the elastic buckle 42 and The card slot 41 is fixed.
  • the outer side of the slider 4 is provided with a plurality of card slots 41, which are located at the front and rear ends of the slider 4 respectively. When the slider 4 slides to completely cover the needle 3 or completely expose the needle 3, the elastic buckle 42 and the card slot 41 are engaged with each other. , to limit the movement of the slider 4 .
  • the slider 4 when in use, the slider 4 is in the initial state, and the elastic buckle 42 is engaged with the card slot 41 at one end.
  • the sliding piece 4 is sleeved on the needle base 2 to completely expose the needle head 3 .
  • slide all the sliders 4 out, and the elastic snaps 42 are snapped into the snap grooves 41 at the other end to completely cover the needle 3 .
  • the first slider is nested on the needle seat 2 .
  • the outer surface of the needle seat 2 is provided with clamping grooves 41 , which are respectively located on both sides of the needle seat 2 and are symmetrical with respect to the center of the needle seat 2 .
  • an elastic buckle 42 is provided on the inner surface of the first sliding member.
  • the outer surface in the direction perpendicular to the elastic buckle 42 is also provided with a clamping groove 41 for engaging with the elastic buckle 42 on the inner surface of the second sliding piece.
  • the outer surface in the direction perpendicular to the elastic snap 42 is also provided with a snap groove 41 for engaging with the elastic snap 42 on the inner surface of the third slider.
  • the slider 4 Since the slider 4 needs to have two states of retraction and deployment during use, there are two slots 41 corresponding to each elastic buckle 42 , which are respectively distributed at both ends of the slider 4 along the sliding direction.
  • the card slot 41 away from the front end of the needle 3 is the first card slot 41
  • the card slot 41 close to the front end of the needle 3 is the second card slot 41 .
  • the outermost slider 4 is annularly provided with a smooth protrusion at one end close to the needle 3 .
  • the protruding part and the sliding member 4 are connected by an inclined plane.
  • the injection cavity 120 in this embodiment is pre-filled with medicine. Prefilled doses are precisely controlled by the machine and ready for immediate use without refilling the drug. Specifically, for use scenarios that require precise control of drug doses, such as small-dose injection, it is more accurate to use large precision instruments for drug preloading. In this embodiment, in combination with the feature of the anti-needle stick syringe 100 that there is very little drug residue, it is convenient for medical staff to precisely control the injected drug dose.

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Abstract

一种防针刺注射器（100），包括针筒（110）、针头（3）和针座（2），针筒（110）内部为注射腔（120），针座（2）安装于针筒（110）前端，针座（2）外侧套设有滑件（4），针头（3）的尾端穿过针座（2）并继续延伸至注射腔（120），与注射腔（120）连通。通过使针头的尾端穿过针座并进入注射腔，可减少针筒内的药物残余。

Description

防针刺注射器 技术领域
本发明涉及一种防针刺注射器。
背景技术
目前鉴于部分地区的卫生要求，常用的非一次性注射器在使用后，需要给针头套上针套以保护针头，由于针头很细，针套的直径也不大，较容易刺伤手指，造成医务人员感染等严重后果。
针对这一缺陷，现有的部分注射器采用了自带保护套的针头，其通过针座安装于针筒上。在注射完成后，将针座上的滑件滑出并遮蔽针头。这样一来，虽然可以有效保护针头，避免医务人员被刺伤，但是在进行小剂量药物注射时，自带滑件和针座的针筒前端的残余药物较多，无法准确控制剂量，对治疗效果的影响很大。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是为了克服现有技术中进行小剂量药物注射时，自带滑件和针座的针筒前端残余药物较多，无法准确控制剂量的缺陷，提供一种防针刺注射器。
本发明是通过下述技术方案来解决上述技术问题：
一种防针刺注射器，包括针筒、针头和针座，所述针筒内部为注射腔，所述针座安装于所述针筒前端，所述针座外侧套设有滑件，所述针头的尾端穿过所述针座并继续延伸至所述注射腔，与所述注射腔连通。
在本发明中，采用上述结构形式，使针头穿过针座，在注射过程中直接与注射腔连通，大幅减少了针筒内的药物残余。
较佳地，所述针筒的前端具有安装座和与所述注射腔连通的连通孔，所 述针座插接于所述安装座，所述针头对准并接入于所述连通孔。
在本发明中，采用上述结构形式，使用安装座与针座对接，代替了传统注射器的锥口，进一步减少了针筒内的药物残余。
较佳地，所述注射腔的前端内壁为向前凸出的锥形面，所述针筒还包括位于所述注射腔中的推杆，所述推杆的前端面与所述注射腔的前端内壁相配合。
在本发明中，采用上述结构形式，使推杆能够顺利将注射腔内的药物全部推出。
较佳地，所述连通孔位于所述锥形面的顶部，所述锥形面从四周向所述连通孔倾斜延伸。
在本发明中，采用上述结构形式，使药物更容易汇聚到连通孔处，从而通过针头注射出。
较佳地，所述防针刺注射器内的药物残留空间由所述连通孔的侧壁、所述针座的底面以及所述推杆的前端面共同围成。
在本发明中，采用上述结构形式，使防针刺注射器内的药物残留空间进一步缩小，以减少药物残余。
较佳地，所述连通孔的内径大于所述针头的外径。
在本发明中，采用上述结构形式，使针头能够渗入连通孔，尽可能减少连通孔处的药物残余。
较佳地，所述安装座内部具有容纳腔，所述容纳腔开口处设有向内倾斜的导向面，所述导向面用于引导所述针座插入所述容纳腔中。
在本发明中，采用上述结构形式，使针座更容易安装于安装座的容纳腔中，同时使其整体结构更加稳定牢固。
较佳地，所述防针刺注射器还包括限位机构，所述限位机构设置于所述滑件和所述针座上，用于在所述滑件滑出并完全遮蔽所述针头后，将所述滑件固定于所述针座上。
在本发明中，采用上述结构形式，使滑出的滑件不会回退再次暴露针头，确保针头被遮蔽，提高了安全性。
较佳地，所述滑件为两端开口的筒形，多个所述滑件在活动方向上的总长度大于所述针头的长度。
在本发明中，采用上述结构形式，使滑件完全滑出后能够遮蔽整个针头。
较佳地，多个所述滑件相互嵌套，位于最内层的所述滑件可活动地套设于所述针座上。
在本发明中，采用上述结构形式，有效的降低了滑件和针座的整体设计长度，减少了整个注射器的体积。
较佳地，所述限位机构为弹性卡扣和卡槽，所述滑件内侧设有弹性卡扣，外侧设有卡槽，互相嵌套的多个所述滑件完全滑出后通过所述弹性卡扣和卡槽实现固定。
在本发明中，采用上述结构形式，使用卡扣和卡槽结构固定滑件，从而使滑件结构简单，使用方便，易于操作。
较佳地，最外侧的所述滑件在靠近所述针头的一端环设有平滑的突出部。
在本发明中，采用上述结构形式，防止针头插入人体时，部分皮肤卡在滑件之间的夹缝中。
较佳地，所述滑件外侧具有多个所述卡槽，分别位于所述滑件的前端和后端，当所述滑件滑动至完全遮蔽所述针头或者完全暴露所述针头时，所述弹性卡扣和所述卡槽相互扣合，以限制所述滑件移动。
在本发明中，采用上述结构形式，在滑件完全遮蔽或者完全暴露针头时，能够通过卡扣形成整体稳定的结构，不影响注射或运输，安全性好。
较佳地，所述注射腔内预装有药物。
在本发明中，采用上述结构形式，使医护人员无需重新装填药物，同时对药物的剂量控制更加精确。
本发明的积极进步效果在于：该防针刺注射器通过设置针头穿过针座， 在注射过程中使针头直接与注射腔连通，大幅减少了针筒内的药物残余，能够准确控制剂量。
附图说明
图1为本发明较佳实施例的防针刺注射器的立体图。
图2为本发明较佳实施例的防针刺注射器的针筒的剖面图。
图3为本发明较佳实施例的防针刺注射器的连通孔及其附近结构的局部放大的立体图。
图4为本发明较佳实施例的防针刺注射器的滑件与针套连接处的剖视图。
图5为本发明较佳实施例的防针刺注射器的滑件与针套连接处的局部放大图。
图6为本发明较佳实施例的防针刺注射器的安装座的局部放大图。
附图标记说明：
防针刺注射器100
针筒110
注射腔120
安装座130
导向面131
连通孔140
侧壁141
锥形面150
推杆160
胶塞161
针座2
预留孔21
底面22
针头3
滑件4
卡槽41
弹性卡扣42
具体实施方式
下面举一个较佳实施例，并结合附图来更清楚完整地说明本发明。
如图1-6所示，本实施例提供一种防针刺注射器100，包括针筒110、针头3和针座2，针筒110内部为注射腔120，针座2安装于针筒110前端，针座2外侧套设有滑件4，针头3的尾端穿过针座2并继续延伸至注射腔120，与注射腔120连通。
现有技术中，药物通常会残留在注射腔120前端的锥口和针座2的内部空间里，尤其在小剂量注射时误差较大，可能降低药物的注射量。而在本实施例中，注射腔120中的药物直接从注射腔120前端进入针头3，进而进入人体。由于取消了锥口并且针头3直接与注射腔120相连通，最大限度地缩小了药物残余的空间，能够显著减少注射完成后针筒110内的药物残余。
如图1-6所示，在本实施例中，针筒110的前端具有安装座130和与注射腔120连通的连通孔140，针座2插接于安装座130，针头3对准并接入于连通孔140。其中，安装座130与针筒110一体成型。
在本实施例中，针座2的底面22与安装座130的内部平面相配合，两者均为平面且相互紧贴。同时，针座2中用于容纳针头3的预留孔21的位置与安装座130内的连通孔140的位置相重合，以此来保证针头3穿过针座2后，能够顺利进入连通孔140。
具体地，连通孔140的内径大于针头3的外径。这样一来，针头3的尾端从针座2穿出后，进入连通孔140，能够尽量减少药物在注射器内的残余。 为了使针头3在误差允许范围内能够顺利进入连通孔140，本实施例中，预留孔21和连通孔140同心设置。
本实施例中，将连通孔140设置于安装座130的中心，将预留孔21设置于针座2的中心，从而在针座2安装于安装座130时实现预留孔21和连通孔140的自动对准。
基于上述构思，本实施例中还提供另一种实施方式，即在针座2和安装座130之间设置配合结构，例如凹凸键或卡口，以实现预留孔21和连通孔140的精确定位。针座2和安装座130在以固定角度实现插接后，预留孔21和连通孔140会自动对准。
在本实施例中，针座2安装于安装座130上，而在本发明的其他实施例中，针座2可以和安装座130一体成型设置，也就是说，针座2底部具有类似于安装座130的部分，并通过其实现与针筒110的一体成型。本领域技术人员也可以对现有的注射器前端的锥口结构进行改进，并在生产制造过程中使注射器前端的锥口结构与针座2一体成型，从而达到减少部件数量、简化整体结构的效果，间接地降低了装配难度，提高了制造效率。
如图1-6所示，在本实施例中，注射腔120的前端内壁为向前凸出的锥形面150，针筒110还包括位于注射腔120中的推杆160。推杆160还包括一固定于推杆160前端的胶塞161。胶塞161的前端面与注射腔120的前端内壁相配合。连通孔140位于锥形面150的顶部，锥形面150从四周向连通孔140倾斜延伸。
在本实施例中，由于针筒110的前端形成安装座130的内部平面，同时注射腔120的前端内壁为锥形面150，从而使针筒110的前端壁厚由四周的常规壁厚向中间逐渐减薄，直至中间形成连通孔140。
由此可知，在注射器前端壁厚不改变的前提下，如果锥形面150的顶角大小偏小，则连通孔140的孔径就会增大。反之，如果锥形面150的顶角大小变大，则连通孔140的孔深就会增大。药物在注射器内的残余量很大程度 上是由连通孔140的容积决定的，为了尽可能减少药物在注射器内的残余，综合考虑制造工艺的难度和结构强度要求，需要在允许范围内尽可能地使连通孔140的孔径和孔深都取到相对的最小值，进而减少连通孔140的容积。
作为补充，在其他参数和结构形式均不变的前提下，由于连通孔140的容积与孔径的平方成正比，与孔深成正比，因此，在一定的角度范围内，锥形面150的顶角必然能够取到一个极值，使连通孔140的容积取到最小值，使药物在注射器内的残余量取到最小值。
具体地，在本实施例中，由于锥形面150在针筒110轴向方向上的截面积越来越小，药物更容易被聚集到连通孔140处。本实施例中，采用了和锥形面150相符型的胶塞161。推杆160到底时，胶塞161的前端面能够与锥形面150相贴合，从而能够顺利地将注射腔120内的药物全部推出，进而经过针头3进入体内完成注射。
以下将根据上述结构并结合附图来具体说明本实施例中的防针刺注射器100减少药物残余的特点。
如图1-6所示，在本实施例中，防针刺注射器100内的药物主要残留在连通孔140和针头3内。其中，针头3的内径极细，可忽略不计。对于连通孔140内的空间，由连通孔140四周的侧壁141、针座2的底面22以及推杆160的前端面的中心区域共同围成。由于推杆160包括其前端的胶塞161，胶塞161的前端面的中心区域凸出距离较小，故连通孔140内的空间近似为一个圆柱形，其容积近似等于四分之一倍孔深与孔径平方的乘积。
一方面，在本实施例中，孔深等于针筒110前端的壁厚减去锥形面150凸出向前延伸的距离，其中，针筒110前端的壁厚本身较薄，再减去一段距离之后为连通孔140的孔深。进一步地，针头3插入连通孔140内部一段距离，使连通孔140最靠近针头3的部分无法被药物填满。
另一方面，在本实施例中，在不考虑装配误差和加工公差影响的情况下，连通孔140的孔径略大于针头3的外径。即便如此，由于针头3的外径很 小，连通孔140的孔径虽然略大于针头3的外径，但也还是很小。
在本实施例中，针头3的尾端插入连通孔140一段距离，由于液体表面张力的作用，注射腔120内的药物会直接进入针头3内，使残余药物占据的体积进一步减小。
经过上述论证，可以得知，在使用本实施例中的防针刺注射器100进行小剂量药物注射时，残余药物可以控制在一个极低的水平，占总剂量的比例几乎可以忽略不计，也就几乎不会对治疗的效果产生影响。
综上，本实施例中，防针刺注射器100内部总的残余的药物体积极小。
在本实施例中，采用了连通孔140的孔径略大于针头3的外径从而使针头3的尾端能够插入连通孔140的设置方式。但本发明并不局限于此，本发明还具有多种使针头3的尾端直接与注射腔120连通的设置方式。
例如在其他实施例中，在精度允许的范围内，将连通孔140的孔径与针头3的内径设置为相同，针头3的尾端穿过针座2后，直接对接于连通孔140。这种情况下，当注射完成时，药物残余的空间仅为一段直径与针头3内径相同的圆柱，药物残余即可忽略不计。本领域技术人员应当理解，需要在加工精度和装配精度达到一定要求时方可采用上述方案，否则可能会导致针头3的尾端与连通孔140错位进而影响注射效果。
如图1-6所示，安装座130内部具有容纳腔，容纳腔开口处设有向内倾斜的导向面131，导向面131用于引导针座2插入容纳腔中。
具体地，在本实施例中，安装座130内的容纳腔与针座2均为圆柱形。其中，安装座130上端的开口直径大于针座2的直径，开口向内倾斜收缩形成导向面131。安装针座2时，将针座2下端沿导向面131滑入并插入容纳腔中。随后，再将针头3穿过针座2，即可准确地对准连通孔140。
另外，在针座2的上端，也具有类似形状的引导结构，用于引导针头3插入针座2中。针座2上端的开口直径大于针头3的直径，开口向内倾斜收缩形成导向面131。这样大大降低了安装针头3的难度，进而节约了装配的 操作时间。
如图1-6所示，防针刺注射器100还包括限位机构，限位机构设置于滑件4和针座2上，用于在滑件4滑出并完全遮蔽针头3后，将滑件4固定于针座2上。滑件4为两端开口的筒形，多个滑件4在活动方向上的总长度大于针头3的长度。多个滑件4相互嵌套，位于最内层的滑件4可活动地套设于针座2上。限位机构为弹性卡扣42和卡槽41，滑件4内侧设有弹性卡扣42，外侧设有卡槽41，互相嵌套的多个滑件4完全滑出后通过弹性卡扣42和卡槽41实现固定。滑件4外侧具有多个卡槽41，分别位于滑件4的前端和后端，当滑件4滑动至完全遮蔽针头3或者完全暴露针头3时，弹性卡扣42和卡槽41相互扣合，以限制滑件4移动。
在本实施例中，使用时，滑件4处于初始状态，弹性卡扣42与一端的卡槽41相卡接。滑件4套设于针座2上，将针头3完全暴露。注射完成后，将所有滑件4滑出，弹性卡扣42与另一端的卡槽41卡接，将针头3完全遮蔽。
具体地，如图1-6所示，本实施例中滑件4共有三个，从里到外分别为第一滑件、第二滑件、第三滑件，三者从里到外互相嵌套，第一滑件嵌套于针座2上。针座2的外侧表面上设有卡槽41，分别位于针座2的两侧且关于针座2中心对称。与之相对应，第一滑件的内侧表面上设有弹性卡扣42。对于第一滑件来说，在与弹性卡扣42垂直的方向的外侧表面上，也设有卡槽41，用于和第二滑件内侧表面上的弹性卡扣42卡接。同样地，对于第二滑件来说，在与弹性卡扣42垂直的方向的外侧表面上，也设有卡槽41，用于和第三滑件内侧表面上的弹性卡扣42卡接。
由于使用过程中滑件4需要有收起和展开两种状态，因此，每一个弹性卡扣42所对应的卡槽41为两个，分别分布在滑件4沿滑动方向的两端。其中，远离针头3前端的卡槽41为第一卡槽41，靠近针头3前端的卡槽41为第二卡槽41。当弹性卡扣42卡接于第一卡槽41内时，滑件4处于收起状 态，将针头3完全暴露；当弹性卡扣42卡接于第二卡槽41内时，滑件4处于展开状态，将针头3完全遮蔽。
本实施例中，最外侧的滑件4在靠近针头3的一端环设有平滑的突出部。其中，突出部和滑件4通过一斜面相连接。注射过程中，病人的皮肤或毛发一旦被滑件4之间的缝隙夹住就会产生疼痛，一定角度下受力甚至会导致表皮破损，不利于针孔及附近皮肤愈合。突出部可以将皮肤或毛发限制在一定距离外，避免夹伤局部皮肤或毛发。
另外，本实施例中的注射腔120内预装有药物。预装剂量由机器精确控制，可供直接使用，无需重新装填药物。具体来说，对于小剂量注射等需要精确控制药物剂量的使用场景，使用大型精密仪器进行药物预装更为精确。在本实施例中，配合防针刺注射器100药物残余极少的特点，便于医护人员精确控制注射的药物剂量。
虽然以上描述了本发明的具体实施方式，但是本领域的技术人员应当理解，这仅是举例说明，本发明的保护范围是由所附权利要求书限定的。本领域的技术人员在不背离本发明的原理和实质的前提下，可以对这些实施方式做出多种变更或修改，但这些变更和修改均落入本发明的保护范围。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种防针刺注射器，包括针筒、针头和针座，所述针筒内部为注射腔，所述针座安装于所述针筒前端，所述针座外侧套设有滑件，其特征在于，所述针头的尾端穿过所述针座并继续延伸至所述注射腔，与所述注射腔连通。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的防针刺注射器，其特征在于，所述针筒的前端具有安装座和与所述注射腔连通的连通孔，所述针座插接于所述安装座，所述针头对准并接入于所述连通孔。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的防针刺注射器，其特征在于，所述注射腔的前端内壁为向前凸出的锥形面，所述针筒还包括位于所述注射腔中的推杆，所述推杆的前端面与所述注射腔的前端内壁相配合。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的防针刺注射器，其特征在于，所述连通孔位于所述锥形面的顶部，所述锥形面从四周向所述连通孔倾斜延伸。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的防针刺注射器，其特征在于，所述防针刺注射器内的药物残留空间由所述连通孔的侧壁、所述针座的底面以及所述推杆的前端面共同围成。
  6. 如权利要求4或5所述的防针刺注射器，其特征在于，所述连通孔的内径大于所述针头的外径。
  7. 如权利要求2所述的防针刺注射器，其特征在于，所述安装座内部具有容纳腔，所述容纳腔开口处设有向内倾斜的导向面，所述导向面用于引导所述针座插入所述容纳腔中。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的防针刺注射器，其特征在于，所述防针刺注射器还包括限位机构，所述限位机构设置于所述滑件和所述针座上，用于在所述滑件滑出并完全遮蔽所述针头后，将所述滑件固定于所述针座上。
  9. 如权利要求1或8所述的防针刺注射器，其特征在于，所述滑件为两端开口的筒形，多个所述滑件在活动方向上的总长度大于所述针头的长度。
  10. 如权利要求8或9所述的防针刺注射器，其特征在于，多个所述滑件相互嵌套，位于最内层的所述滑件可活动地套设于所述针座上。
  11. 如权利要求8或9或10所述的防针刺注射器，其特征在于，所述限位机构为弹性卡扣和卡槽，所述滑件内侧设有弹性卡扣，外侧设有卡槽，互相嵌套的多个所述滑件完全滑出后通过所述弹性卡扣和卡槽实现固定。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的防针刺注射器，其特征在于，所述滑件外侧具有多个所述卡槽，分别位于所述滑件的前端和后端，当所述滑件滑动至完全遮蔽所述针头或者完全暴露所述针头时，所述弹性卡扣和所述卡槽相互扣合，以限制所述滑件移动。
  13. 如权利要求8-12任一项所述的防针刺注射器，其特征在于，最外侧的所述滑件在靠近所述针头的一端环设有平滑的突出部。
  14. 如权利要求1-13任一项所述的防针刺注射器，其特征在于，所述注射腔内预装有药物。
PCT/CN2021/083508 2021-03-29 2021-03-29 防针刺注射器 WO2022204851A1 (zh)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2571394Y (zh) * 2002-09-30 2003-09-10 王希平 低残留量注射器
JP2006116217A (ja) * 2004-10-25 2006-05-11 Jms Co Ltd 注射器
CN103313745A (zh) * 2011-01-19 2013-09-18 泰尔茂株式会社 带针注射器及带针注射器的制造方法
CN104083820A (zh) * 2013-04-01 2014-10-08 山东威高集团医用高分子制品股份有限公司 一种安全注射器
CN206198405U (zh) * 2016-08-16 2017-05-31 上海金塔医用器材有限公司 防针刺结构及包含其的注射针
CN208287304U (zh) * 2017-08-09 2018-12-28 常州市华伟医疗用品有限公司 一种低残留注射器活塞
CN211751545U (zh) * 2019-12-31 2020-10-27 江苏苏云医疗器材有限公司 一种伸缩式防针刺注射针

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2571394Y (zh) * 2002-09-30 2003-09-10 王希平 低残留量注射器
JP2006116217A (ja) * 2004-10-25 2006-05-11 Jms Co Ltd 注射器
CN103313745A (zh) * 2011-01-19 2013-09-18 泰尔茂株式会社 带针注射器及带针注射器的制造方法
CN104083820A (zh) * 2013-04-01 2014-10-08 山东威高集团医用高分子制品股份有限公司 一种安全注射器
CN206198405U (zh) * 2016-08-16 2017-05-31 上海金塔医用器材有限公司 防针刺结构及包含其的注射针
CN208287304U (zh) * 2017-08-09 2018-12-28 常州市华伟医疗用品有限公司 一种低残留注射器活塞
CN211751545U (zh) * 2019-12-31 2020-10-27 江苏苏云医疗器材有限公司 一种伸缩式防针刺注射针

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