WO2022202272A1 - Moteur électrique et soufflante d'air électrique - Google Patents

Moteur électrique et soufflante d'air électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022202272A1
WO2022202272A1 PCT/JP2022/009906 JP2022009906W WO2022202272A1 WO 2022202272 A1 WO2022202272 A1 WO 2022202272A1 JP 2022009906 W JP2022009906 W JP 2022009906W WO 2022202272 A1 WO2022202272 A1 WO 2022202272A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
brush
hook
electric motor
rotating shaft
constant force
Prior art date
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PCT/JP2022/009906
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
和雄 遠矢
圭策 中野
勇輝 吉岡
拓也 小島
Original Assignee
パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 filed Critical パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社
Priority to CN202280019467.3A priority Critical patent/CN117296236A/zh
Priority to JP2023508933A priority patent/JPWO2022202272A1/ja
Publication of WO2022202272A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022202272A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K13/00—Structural associations of current collectors with motors or generators, e.g. brush mounting plates or connections to windings; Disposition of current collectors in motors or generators; Arrangements for improving commutation

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to electric motors and electric blowers.
  • Electric motors are widely used in the field of electrical equipment mounted on vehicles such as automobiles.
  • two-wheeled or four-wheeled vehicles use electric motors to drive cooling fans for cooling radiators and batteries.
  • the brushed motor consists of a stator, a rotor rotated by the magnetic force of the stator, a commutator attached to the rotating shaft of the rotor, brushes in sliding contact with the commutator, and brushes pushed against the commutator. and a spring for applying (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
  • the present disclosure has been made to solve such problems, and provides an electric motor that is easy to assemble and in which the springs for pressing the brushes against the commutator are hard to come off, and an electric blower that includes the same. for the purpose.
  • one aspect of the electric motor according to the present disclosure includes a rotor having a rotating shaft, a commutator attached to the rotor, brushes, and strip-shaped plate materials.
  • a constant force spring that presses against the commutator and a brush holder that holds the brush and the constant force spring are provided.
  • the brush has a first end in contact with the commutator and a second end remote from the commutator.
  • the constant force spring has a spiral portion with the belt-shaped plate wound around one end, a fixed portion with the belt-shaped plate extended at the other end, and a hook provided on the fixed portion. and have The spiral portion contacts the second end of the brush.
  • the brush holder has a holder main body in which the brush is arranged, and a hook-shaped portion protruding from the holder main body along the rotating shaft.
  • the hook-shaped portion has an upright portion extending along the rotation shaft and an overhanging portion extending from the upright portion toward the rotation shaft.
  • the standing portion has a facing portion that faces the rotating shaft. The hanging portion of the constant force spring abuts against the facing portion.
  • another aspect of the electric motor according to the present disclosure includes a rotor having a rotating shaft, a commutator attached to the rotor, brushes, and a plate-like member having a predetermined width.
  • a constant force spring configured by a member and pressing the brush against the commutator, and a brush holder holding the brush and the constant force spring are provided.
  • the brush has a first end in contact with the commutator and a second end remote from the commutator.
  • the constant force spring is composed of a strip-shaped plate material having a predetermined width, and is positioned at a spiral portion around which the strip-shaped plate member is wound and at the tip of the strip-shaped plate member extending away from the spiral portion. and a fixed portion.
  • the fixed portion has a curved portion in which a portion of the plate member is bent away from the other portion of the plate member as the distance from the rotation axis increases.
  • the spiral portion contacts the second end of the brush.
  • the width of the curved portion is smaller than the predetermined width of the plate.
  • the brush holder has a holder main body in which the brush is arranged, and a ceiling part arranged to face the holder main body with a gap therebetween.
  • the ceiling portion has a facing portion that faces the rotating shaft.
  • the fixed part of the constant force spring is arranged in the gap.
  • the curved portion of the constant force spring contacts the facing portion of the brush holder.
  • one aspect of the electric blower according to the present disclosure includes the electric motor and a fan attached to the rotating shaft.
  • FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of the electric motor according to Embodiment 1 as viewed from below.
  • FIG. 2 is an external perspective view of the electric motor according to Embodiment 1 as viewed from above.
  • 3 is a cross-sectional view of the electric motor according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the internal structure of the brush holder in the electric motor according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of part of the electric motor according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a part of the brush holder and the constant force spring according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view showing a part of the brush holder and the constant force spring according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view showing a part of the brush holder and the constant force spring according to Embodiment 2.
  • FIG. 9A is a diagram showing a first step of a method of fixing a constant force spring to a hook-shaped portion according to Embodiment 2.
  • FIG. 9B is a diagram showing a second step of the method of fixing the constant force spring to the hook-shaped portion according to Embodiment 2.
  • FIG. 9C is a diagram showing a third step of the method of fixing the constant force spring to the hook-shaped portion according to Embodiment 2.
  • FIG. 9D is a diagram showing a fourth step of the method of fixing the constant force spring to the hook-shaped portion according to Embodiment 2.
  • FIG. 9A is a diagram showing a first step of a method of fixing a constant force spring to a hook-shaped portion according to Embodiment 2.
  • FIG. 9B is a diagram showing a second step of the method of fixing the constant force spring to the hook-shaped portion according to Em
  • FIG. 9E is a diagram showing a fifth step of the method of fixing the constant force spring to the hook-shaped portion according to Embodiment 2.
  • FIG. 9F is a diagram showing a sixth step of the method of fixing the constant force spring to the hook-shaped portion according to Embodiment 2.
  • FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view showing a part of the brush holder and the constant force spring according to Embodiment 3.
  • FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the configuration of a hook-shaped portion according to Embodiment 3.
  • FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a part of the brush holder and the constant force spring according to Embodiment 3.
  • FIG. 13 is an exploded perspective view showing a part of the brush holder and the constant force spring according to Embodiment 4.
  • FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view showing a part of the brush holder and the constant force spring according to Embodiment 3.
  • FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a part of a brush holder and a constant force spring according to Embodiment 4.
  • FIG. 15A is a diagram showing a first step of a method of fixing a constant force spring to a ceiling according to Embodiment 4.
  • FIG. 15B is a diagram showing a second step of the method of fixing the constant force spring to the ceiling according to Embodiment 4.
  • FIG. 15C is a diagram showing the third step of the method of fixing the constant force spring to the ceiling according to Embodiment 4.
  • FIG. FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing a fan attached to each electric motor according to Embodiments 1 to 4.
  • FIG. FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of an electric blower including a fan attached to an electric motor.
  • each figure is a schematic diagram and is not necessarily strictly illustrated. Moreover, in each figure, the same code
  • FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of an electric motor 1 according to the present embodiment when viewed from below.
  • FIG. 2 is an external perspective view of the electric motor 1 viewed from above.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the electric motor 1. As shown in FIG. Specifically, FIG. 3 is a III-III cross-sectional view when the electric motor 1 shown in FIG. be.
  • 4 is a perspective view showing the internal structure of the brush holder 50 in the electric motor 1. FIG. 3, only the portion appearing in the cross section of the electric motor 1 is illustrated. 4 shows a perspective view of the brush holder 50 from below with the cover plate 131 removed.
  • the electric motor 1 includes a stator 10 (stator) and a rotor 20 (rotor) rotated by the magnetic force of the stator 10 .
  • the electric motor 1 according to the present embodiment is a brushed electric motor, and as shown in FIG. It has two brushes 40 in contact with 30 .
  • the electric motor 1 further includes a brush holder 50 that holds the brushes 40. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the electric motor 1 further includes a bearing 91 , a first bracket 101 and a second bracket 102 .
  • the electric motor 1 is a type of direct-current electric motor (DC motor) driven by direct current, and uses a magnet 11 as a stator 10 and an armature winding 22 as a rotor 20 . child is used.
  • the electric motor 1 is a flat type brushed coreless motor (flat motor) mounted on a two-wheeled or four-wheeled vehicle. Therefore, the stator 10 and the rotor 20 do not have a core (iron core), and the electric motor 1 as a whole is thin and light.
  • the electric motor 1 is a small motor used as a cooling fan for a radiator in a vehicle, and the outer diameter (diameter) ⁇ of the electric motor 1 is 120 mm or less. As an example, the outer diameter ⁇ of the electric motor 1 is 62 mm.
  • the electric motor 1 is driven by an input voltage of DC 12V.
  • the stator 10 is arranged with a minute air gap 12 between itself and the rotor 20 .
  • the stator 10 generates magnetic force acting on the rotor 20 .
  • the stator 10 is configured to generate magnetic flux on an air gap surface 12a with the rotor 20, and forms a magnetic circuit together with the rotor 20, which is an armature.
  • the stator 10 is generally donut-shaped as a whole, and N poles and S poles are alternately and evenly present on the air gap surface 12a with the rotor 20 along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 21.
  • the stator 10 is a field magnet that creates a magnetic flux for generating torque, and in the present embodiment, is composed of a plurality of magnets 11 (magnets).
  • Magnet 11 is, for example, a permanent magnet having an S pole and an N pole.
  • the plurality of magnets 11 that constitute the stator 10 are arranged so that N poles and S poles are alternately and evenly distributed over the circumferential direction.
  • the direction of the main magnetic flux generated by stator 10 is along the direction in which rotating shaft 21 extends.
  • the direction of the main magnetic flux is generated in the direction corresponding to the magnetic poles of the magnet 11 .
  • the stator 10 is fixed to the first bracket 101 .
  • the rotor 20 has a rotating shaft 21 and rotates around the axis C of the rotating shaft 21 .
  • Rotor 20 generates a magnetic force acting on stator 10 .
  • the direction of the main magnetic flux generated by rotor 20 is along the direction in which rotating shaft 21 extends.
  • the direction of the main magnetic flux is generated in the direction corresponding to the direction of the current flowing through the armature winding 22 .
  • the rotor 20 is arranged facing the stator 10 .
  • rotor 20 faces stator 10 in the direction of axis C of rotating shaft 21 .
  • the rotating shaft 21 is a shaft having an axis C, and is a long rod-shaped member such as a metal rod.
  • the axis C of the rotating shaft 21 is the center of rotation of the rotor 20 .
  • the longitudinal direction of the rotating shaft 21, that is, the direction in which the rotating shaft 21 extends (stretching direction) is also referred to as the direction of the axis C (axis direction).
  • the rotating shaft 21 is supported by bearings 91 .
  • the bearing 91 is a bearing such as a ball bearing.
  • the first end 21 a of the rotating shaft 21 is the output-side end (output shaft) and protrudes from the first bracket 101 and the bearing 91 .
  • a load such as a fan is attached to the first end 21a.
  • a second end 21 b of the rotary shaft 21 is an end (counter-output shaft) on the non-output side and protrudes from the second bracket 102 .
  • the bearing 91 is held by the first bracket 101 . Specifically, the bearing 91 is fixed to a recess provided in the first bracket 101 .
  • first bracket 101 and the second bracket 102 are not particularly limited, it is aluminum, for example.
  • a housing is constituted by the first bracket 101 and the second bracket 102, and the stator 10 and the rotor 20 are arranged in this housing.
  • the first bracket 101 is an outer shell member of the electric motor 1 and is formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape having a bottom and a cylindrical side wall.
  • a magnet 11 forming the stator 10 is fixed to the bottom of the first bracket 101 .
  • the armature winding 22 of the rotor 20 is surrounded by the side wall portion of the first bracket 101 .
  • the material of the first bracket 101 and the second bracket 102 is not limited to a metal material, and may be a resin material.
  • the second bracket 102 is preferably made of a metal material.
  • the rotor 20 has a rotating shaft 21, a plurality of armature windings 22, and a mold resin 23 covering the plurality of armature windings 22.
  • Each of the plurality of armature windings 22 is composed of an electric wire, and is wound so as to generate magnetic force acting on the stator 10 when current flows.
  • the direction of the main magnetic flux generated by each armature winding 22 is the direction of the axis C of the rotating shaft 21 . That is, the magnets 11 of the stator 10 and the armature windings 22 of the rotor 20 are aligned in the direction of the axis C of the rotating shaft 21 .
  • Each armature winding 22 is composed of an insulating coated wire having a core wire made of metal such as copper or aluminum and an insulating film covering the core wire.
  • each of the plurality of armature windings 22 is a thin winding coil having a coil layer in which conductive wires are wound in a plane.
  • each of the plurality of armature windings 22 is composed of, for example, one layer or a plurality of coil layers in which an insulated wire is wound in a generally fan shape in a plan view.
  • a plurality of armature windings 22 configured in this way are arranged so as to surround the rotating shaft 21 when viewed from the direction of the axis C of the rotating shaft 21 .
  • Each of the multiple armature windings 22 is electrically connected to the commutator 30 . Specifically, each of the armature windings 22 is electrically connected to one of the commutator segments 31 of the commutator 30 .
  • the plurality of armature windings 22 are integrally molded together with the molding resin 23 by being covered with the molding resin 23 .
  • the mold resin 23 is made of an insulating resin material such as phenol resin or unsaturated polyester (BMC).
  • the commutator 30 is attached to the rotary shaft 21. Therefore, the commutator 30 rotates together with the rotating shaft 21 as the rotor 20 rotates.
  • a commutator 30 attached to the rotating shaft 21 may be part of the rotor 20 .
  • the commutator 30 has a plurality of commutator pieces 31 (commutator segments) provided along the rotating direction of the rotating shaft 21 .
  • the plurality of commutator segments 31 are annularly arranged along the rotation direction of the rotation shaft 21 so as to surround the rotation shaft 21 .
  • Each commutator piece 31 is an elongated member extending in the longitudinal direction of the rotating shaft 21 .
  • Each of the multiple commutator segments 31 is a conductive terminal made of a metal material such as copper, and is electrically connected to the armature winding 22 of the rotor 20 .
  • the plurality of commutator segments 31 are arranged insulated from each other, but are electrically connected by the armature winding 22 of the rotor 20 .
  • two adjacent commutator segments 31 are electrically connected by the armature winding 22 .
  • the commutator 30 is a molded commutator, and has a configuration in which a plurality of commutator segments 31 are molded with a mold resin 32 .
  • the plurality of commutator segments 31 are embedded in the mold resin 32 so that their surfaces are exposed.
  • the mold resin 32 is a commutator main body, and is a substantially cylindrical member having a through hole into which the rotating shaft 21 is inserted.
  • the mold resin 32 is, for example, a resin molded body made of an insulating resin material such as a thermosetting resin.
  • each of the two brushes 40 is in contact with the commutator segment 31 of the commutator 30 . Since the commutator 30 rotates as the rotating shaft 21 rotates, the brush 40 keeps contacting all the commutator segments 31 sequentially.
  • the number of brushes 40 is not limited to two, and may be four, for example.
  • each of the two brushes 40 is arranged in the brush holder 50 such that its longitudinal direction is perpendicular to the axis C of the rotating shaft 21 (that is, the radial direction of rotation of the rotating shaft 21).
  • the angle formed by the longitudinal directions of the two brushes 40 is 180°.
  • the angle formed by the longitudinal directions of the two brushes 40 may be less than 180°.
  • Each of the brushes 40 is a power supply brush (energization brush) that supplies power to the armature winding 22 by coming into contact with the commutator segment 31 .
  • the brush 40 includes a first end 41 in contact with the commutator 30 and a second end 42 opposite the first end 41 .
  • the brush 40 is a conductor having conductivity.
  • the brush 40 is a long, substantially rectangular parallelepiped carbon brush made of carbon.
  • the brush 40 is preferably a carbon brush containing metal such as copper.
  • Such a brush 40 can be produced, for example, by pulverizing a kneaded product obtained by kneading graphite powder, copper powder, a binder resin, and a curing agent, compressing and molding the product into a rectangular parallelepiped, and firing the product.
  • the brush holder 50 is provided with the same number of constant force springs 110 as the number of brushes 40 .
  • two constant force springs 110 are arranged.
  • the brush 40 is attached so as to always be in contact with the commutator segments 31 of the commutator 30 under the pressure of the constant force spring 110 . That is, the brush 40 is pressed against the commutator 30 by the constant force spring 110 .
  • the constant load spring 110 applies pressure (spring pressure) to the brush 40 by spring elastic force (spring restoring force) to urge the brush 40 toward the commutator 30 .
  • the constant force spring 110 is a spring that is made of a strip-shaped wire and presses the brush 40 against the commutator 30 .
  • the constant force spring 110 is made of an elongated thin plate.
  • the constant force spring 110 has a spiral portion 111 wound with a strip-shaped wire positioned at one end and a fixed portion 112 positioned at the other end. The spiral portion 111 contacts the second end 42 of the brush 40 .
  • the fixed part 112 is fixed to the hooked part 60 of the brush holder 50 .
  • the barb 60 is located near the first end 41 of the brush 40 .
  • the spiral portion 111 of the constant force spring 110 pushes the second end portion 42 of the brush 40 in a direction approaching the first end portion 41 of the brush 40 .
  • the first end 41 of the brush 40 is always in contact with the commutator segment 31 due to the pressing force of the constant force spring 110 .
  • the brush 40 wears due to friction with the commutator segments 31 , and is moved in the direction (radial direction) toward the axis C of the rotating shaft 21 by the pressing force from the constant load spring 110 . go.
  • Electric power is supplied to the brushes 40 from an external power supply arranged outside the electric motor 1 .
  • the external power supply is a power supply that exists outside the electric motor 1 and supplies the electric motor 1 with a predetermined input voltage.
  • the external power supply is a DC power supply that supplies the electric motor 1 with an input voltage of DC 12V.
  • the DC power supply is not particularly limited as long as it outputs DC power, and examples thereof include a generator, a converter, and a battery.
  • the current supplied to each of the two brushes 40 flows through the armature winding 22 via the commutator segment 31 of the commutator 30 as an armature current (driving current).
  • armature current driving current
  • magnetic flux is generated in the rotor 20 (armature winding 22).
  • the magnetic force generated by the interaction between the magnetic flux generated in the rotor 20 and the magnetic flux generated from the stator 10 becomes the torque that rotates the rotor 20 .
  • the direction in which the current flows is switched depending on the positional relationship when the commutator segments 31 of the commutator 30 and the two brushes 40 are in contact with each other.
  • the brush holder 50 is a holding member that holds two brushes 40 .
  • the brush holder 50 is made of, for example, an insulating resin material.
  • the brush holder 50 is a resin molded product formed by integral molding using a resin material.
  • the brush holder 50 is an outer shell member forming the outer shell of the electric motor 1 and covers the second bracket 102 from the outside.
  • the brush holder 50 has a holder main body 50a and a hook-shaped portion 60.
  • the holder main body 50a is a portion where the brushes of the brush holder 50 are arranged.
  • the holder main body 50a is a portion of the brush holder 50 other than the hook-shaped portion 60.
  • the holder body 50a of the brush holder 50 has two brush storage portions 51.
  • a brush 40 is housed in each of the two brush housing portions 51 .
  • the brush housing portion 51 is formed in a concave shape on the inner surface side of the brush holder 50 .
  • the brush housing portion 51 has a concave shape, but may have a box-like shape in which the brush housing portion 51 and the cover plate 131 are integrated.
  • the hook-shaped portion 60 is a portion that protrudes from the holder main body 50a along the rotating shaft 21 and is used to fix the constant force spring 110. As shown in FIG. A detailed configuration of the hook-shaped portion 60 will be described later.
  • the brush housing portion 51 is elongated in a direction perpendicular to the axis C of the rotating shaft 21 (that is, in the radial direction of rotation of the rotating shaft 21) and has a concave cross-sectional shape. .
  • each of the two brush housings 51 housing the brushes 40 is covered with a cover plate 131 .
  • the two cover plates 131 are made of brass plates, for example, and are arranged so as to cover the brush housing portion 51 respectively.
  • the constant force spring 110 is housed in the brush housing portion 51 together with the brush 40 .
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of part of the electric motor 1 according to this embodiment.
  • the constant force spring 110 and its surroundings are shown in an enlarged manner in the cross section of the electric motor 1 .
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a part of the brush holder 50 and the constant force spring 110 according to this embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view showing a part of the brush holder 50 and the constant force spring 110 according to this embodiment.
  • the brush holder 50 has a holder body 50a and a hook-shaped portion 60.
  • the hook-shaped portion 60 is a portion that protrudes from the holder main body 50a along the rotating shaft 21. As shown in FIG. In this embodiment, the hook-shaped portion 60 protrudes away from the brush 40 .
  • the hook-shaped portion 60 has a standing portion 61 extending along the rotating shaft 21 and a protruding portion 66 protruding from the standing portion 61 toward the rotating shaft. Note that the standing portion 61 does not have to extend completely parallel to the axis C of the rotating shaft 21, and may extend substantially parallel.
  • the standing portion 61 has a facing portion 64 that faces the rotating shaft 21 .
  • the expression that the facing portion 64 faces the rotating shaft 21 means not only a structure in which no other member is interposed between the facing portion 64 and the rotating shaft 21, but also a structure in which the facing portion 64 and the rotating shaft 21 A configuration in which another member intervenes between 21 is also included.
  • Other expressions of "opposed to" in this specification are similarly defined.
  • the facing portion 64 is a surface portion of the standing portion 61 that faces the rotating shaft 21 and extends along the rotating shaft 21 .
  • the constant force spring 110 is composed of a strip-shaped wire rod, and has a spiral portion 111 wound with a strip-shaped wire rod positioned at one end and and a fixing portion 112 . As shown in FIG. 5, the spiral portion 111 contacts the second end 42 of the brush 40 . The fixed part 112 is fixed to the hooked part 60 . As a result, the spiral portion 111 of the constant force spring 110 pushes the second end portion 42 of the brush 40 toward the hook portion 60 .
  • the fixing portion 112 has an opening 117.
  • the opening 117 is not particularly limited as long as it is a hole having a shape and dimensions that allow the hook-shaped portion 60 to be inserted therein.
  • opening 117 has an oval shape.
  • the hook portion 118 which is a portion of the opening 117 near the rotating shaft 21 , abuts the facing portion 64 facing the rotating shaft of the hook-shaped portion 60 and pushes the facing portion 64 toward the spiral portion 111 . Since the hook-shaped portion 60 is integrated with the holder main body 50a, it does not move even if it is pushed by the hook portion 118 of the constant force spring 110. As shown in FIG. Therefore, the constant force spring 110 can be fixed to the hook-shaped portion 60 . In other words, the fixed force spring 110 can be fixed to the hook-shaped portion 60 by having the hook portion 118 that contacts the facing portion 64 of the hook-shaped portion 60 . As described above, constant force spring 110 according to the present embodiment can be easily fixed simply by inserting hook-shaped portion 60 into opening 117 .
  • the hook-shaped portion 60 has a projecting portion 66 projecting from the standing portion 61 toward the rotation shaft, the hook portion 118 of the constant force spring 110 abutting against the opposing portion 64 of the standing portion 61 is Movement upward in FIGS. 5 and 6 can be suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the constant force spring 110 from coming off the hook-shaped portion 60 .
  • the dimension of the rotating shaft 21 in the direction of the axis C is small, and the space inside the brush holder 50 is narrow. Therefore, the effect of facilitating the assembly of the constant force spring 110 is great, and the time required for the assembly work can be greatly reduced.
  • the constant force spring 110 fixed to the hook-shaped portion 60 is less likely to come off, unintended removal of the constant force spring 110 during assembly work is suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the need for reassembly due to unintentional disengagement of the constant force spring 110 .
  • fixing portion 112 has opening 117 , and part of opening 117 is hook portion 118 .
  • the fixing portion 112 that is difficult to come off from the hook-shaped portion 60 can be realized.
  • the hanging portion 118 does not necessarily have to be part of the opening 117 .
  • the hooking portion 118 can also be realized by a notch portion obtained by notching a part of the end portion in the width direction of the strip-shaped wire.
  • the facing portion 64 of the hook-shaped portion 60 is a planar portion extending along the rotating shaft 21 . Therefore, it is possible to more reliably suppress movement of the hook portion 118 away from the rotating shaft 21 .
  • Embodiment 2 An electric motor according to Embodiment 2 will be described.
  • the electric motor according to the present embodiment is different from the electric motor 1 according to the first embodiment mainly in that the hook-shaped portion of the brush holder has an inclined surface.
  • the electric motor according to the present embodiment will be described below with reference to FIGS. 8 to 9F, focusing on differences from the electric motor 1 according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view showing part of the brush holder 250 and the constant force spring 210 according to this embodiment.
  • 9A to 9F are diagrams showing steps of a method for fixing the constant force spring 210 to the hook-shaped portion 260 according to this embodiment.
  • the brush holder 250 has a holder body 50a and a hook-shaped portion 260.
  • hook-shaped portion 260 according to the present embodiment includes upright portion 261 extending along rotation shaft 21 and a portion extending from upright portion 261 to rotation shaft 21 . and an overhanging portion 266 that overhangs.
  • the standing portion 261 has a facing portion 264 that faces the rotating shaft 21 .
  • the facing portion 264 is a planar portion facing the rotating shaft 21 and extending along the rotating shaft 21 .
  • the rotating shaft 21 is located on the upper left side of the hook-shaped portion 260 in FIG. 8 and on the left side of the hook-shaped portion 260 in FIGS. 9A to 9F, as in the first embodiment. is placed.
  • the erected portion 261 has an erected inclined surface 262 that approaches the holder main body 50a (in other words, approaches the brush 40) as the distance from the rotating shaft 21 increases.
  • the upright inclined surface 262 is a surface that faces the opposing portion 264 .
  • the overhanging portion 266 also has an overhanging inclined surface 267 that approaches the holder main body 50a (in other words, approaches the brush 40) as it approaches the rotating shaft 21.
  • the projecting inclined surface 267 is a surface facing the rotation shaft 21 .
  • the standing inclined surface 262 and the overhanging inclined surface 267 according to the present embodiment have a planar shape, but the shape of each inclined surface is not limited to this. For example, each inclined surface may have a curved shape.
  • the constant force spring 210 has a spiral portion 111 located at one end and a fixed portion 212 located at the other end.
  • the fixed part 212 is fixed to the hooked part 260 .
  • the fixed part 212 has an opening 217 .
  • the hook-shaped portion 260 is inserted into the opening 217 when the constant force spring 210 is fixed to the hook-shaped portion 260 .
  • opening 217 has a substantially rectangular shape to match the shape of hook-shaped portion 260 .
  • the fixed portion 212 also has a hook portion 218 that contacts the facing portion 264 .
  • the constant load spring 210 can be attached to the hook-shaped portion 260 simply by inserting the hook-shaped portion 260 into the opening 217 as in the first embodiment. Easy to fix.
  • the hook-shaped portion 260 has a projecting portion 266 projecting from the standing portion 261 toward the rotation shaft, it is possible to prevent the constant force spring 210 from coming off the hook-shaped portion 260 .
  • the hook-shaped portion 260 since the hook-shaped portion 260 according to the present embodiment has the standing inclined surface 262 and the projecting inclined surface 267 , the constant force spring 210 can be easily fixed to the hook-shaped portion 260 .
  • the fixing method of the constant force spring 210 and the effect of each inclined surface will be described below with reference to FIGS. 9A to 9F.
  • the constant force spring 210 is moved toward the rotation shaft 21 and brought closer to the hook-shaped portion 260 . Specifically, by moving the constant load spring 210 toward the rotating shaft 21 from a position away from the rotating shaft 21 from the hook-shaped portion 260 , the fixed portion 212 of the constant load spring 210 moves toward the hook-shaped portion 260 . close to At this time, as shown in FIG. 9A , the fixed portion 212 of the constant force spring 210 is arranged at a position closer to the hooked portion 260 than the spiral portion 111 .
  • the constant force spring 210 is further moved toward the rotating shaft 21 so that the tip of the fixed portion 212 of the constant force spring 210 is aligned with the upright inclined surface 262 of the hook-shaped portion 260 . abut.
  • the constant load spring 210 is moved toward the rotating shaft 21 .
  • the constant force spring 210 is moved while the fixed portion 212 of the constant force spring 210 is brought into contact with the upper end of the hook-shaped portion 260 as shown in FIG. 9D.
  • the opening 217 reaches the upper end position of the hook-shaped portion 260 .
  • the upper end of the hook-shaped portion 260 is naturally inserted into the opening 217 of the constant force spring 210, as shown in FIG. 9E.
  • the hook portion 218 (see FIG. 8) of the opening 217 slides down on the projecting inclined surface 267 of the projecting portion 266 , so that the hook-shaped portion 260 can be smoothly inserted into the opening 217 of the constant force spring 210 .
  • the constant force spring 210 when the constant force spring 210 continues to move toward the rotating shaft 21 , the entire projecting portion 266 of the hook-shaped portion 260 passes through the opening 217 . In this way, the constant force spring 210 can be fixed with respect to the barb 260 .
  • the brush 40 is rotated with respect to the constant load spring 210 by pressing the second end 42 of the brush 40 against the spiral part 111 of the constant load spring 210 .
  • a force is applied in a direction away from the axis 21 .
  • the hook portion 218 (see FIG. 8) of the constant force spring 210 contacts the facing portion 264 of the hook-shaped portion 260 .
  • the fixed portion of the constant force spring 210 can be prevented from coming off the hook-shaped portion 260 by the projecting portion 266 .
  • the constant load spring 210 is moved to the hook-shaped portion 260 simply by moving the constant load spring 210 toward the rotation shaft 21 .
  • the space above the hook-shaped portion 260 is narrow. , the time and effort required for fixing the constant force spring 210 can be greatly reduced.
  • Embodiment 3 An electric motor according to Embodiment 3 will be described.
  • the electric motor according to the present embodiment differs from the electric motor according to the second embodiment in the hook-shaped portion of the brush holder and the shape of the constant force spring.
  • the electric motor according to the present embodiment will be described below with reference to FIGS. 10 to 12, focusing on differences from the electric motor according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view showing part of the brush holder 350 and the constant force spring 310 according to this embodiment.
  • FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the configuration of hook-shaped portion 360 according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a part of the brush holder 350 and the constant force spring 310 according to this embodiment.
  • FIG. 12 shows a portion of the brush holder 350 and the constant force spring 310 with the constant force spring 310 fixed to the hooked portion 360 of the brush holder 350 .
  • the brush holder 350 has a holder main body 50a and a hook-shaped portion 360.
  • a hook-shaped portion 360 according to the present embodiment includes an upright portion 361 extending along the rotation axis 21 and an upright and a projecting portion 366 projecting from the portion 361 toward the rotating shaft 21 .
  • the standing portion 361 has a facing portion 364 that faces the rotating shaft 21 .
  • the facing portion 364 is a planar portion facing the rotating shaft 21 and extending along the rotating shaft 21 .
  • the rotary shaft 21 is arranged on the upper left side of the hook-shaped portion 360 in FIGS. 10 to 12, as in the first embodiment.
  • the erected portion 361 includes a first erected portion 361a and a second erected portion 361b that are spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction of rotation of the rotating shaft 21.
  • the facing portion 364 includes a first facing portion 364a of the first standing portion 361a and a second facing portion 364b of the second standing portion 361b.
  • the protruding portion 366 includes a first protruding portion 366a that protrudes toward the rotation shaft 21 from the first standing portion 361a, and a second protruding portion 366b that protrudes toward the rotating shaft 21 from the second standing portion 361b. and including.
  • the hook-shaped portion 360 is composed of two portions that are spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction of rotation of the rotating shaft 21 .
  • the two parts have shapes and dimensions that are comparable to each other.
  • the standing portion 361 approaches the holder main body 50a (in other words, approaches the brush 40) as the distance from the rotating shaft 21 increases.
  • the standing inclined surface 362 is a surface that faces the opposing portion 364 .
  • the erected inclined surface 362 includes a first erected inclined surface 362a possessed by the first erected portion 361a and a second erected inclined surface 362b possessed by the second erected portion 361b.
  • the protruding portion 366 has a protruding inclined surface 367 that approaches the holder main body 50a (in other words, approaches the brush 40) as it approaches the rotating shaft 21.
  • the projecting inclined surface 367 is a surface facing the rotation shaft 21 .
  • the projecting inclined surface 367 includes a first projecting inclined surface 367a of the first projecting portion 366a and a second projecting inclined surface 367b of the second projecting portion 366b.
  • each inclined surface 362 and the overhanging inclined surface 367 have a planar shape, but the shape of each inclined surface is not limited to this.
  • each inclined surface may have a curved shape.
  • the constant force spring 310 has a spiral portion 111 positioned at one end and a fixed portion 312 positioned at the other end.
  • the fixed part 312 is fixed to the hooked part 360 .
  • the fixed part 312 has a hook part 318 that abuts against the facing part 364 of the hook-shaped part 360 .
  • the hooking portion 318 includes a first hooking portion 318a that contacts the first facing portion 364a, and a second hooking portion 318b that contacts the second facing portion 364b.
  • the fixing portion 312 connects the first hook portion 318a and the second hook portion 318b, and is arranged between the first standing portion 361a and the second standing portion 361b of the hook-shaped portion 360.
  • a portion 319 is provided.
  • a notch is formed at each of both end portions of the fixed portion 312 in the width direction (that is, the circumferential direction of rotation of the rotating shaft 21). The end of the notch closer to the rotating shaft 21 is the first hook 318a or the second hook 318b.
  • the shape of the notch is not particularly limited, it is rectangular in this embodiment. That is, the fixed portion 312 has an I-shaped shape.
  • the connecting portion 319 shown in FIG. 10 is arranged between the first standing portion 361a and the second standing portion 361b shown in FIG. Also, the first hooking portion 318a and the second hooking portion 318b shown in FIG. 10 come into contact with the first facing portion 364a and the second facing portion 364b shown in FIG. 11, respectively. Thereby, the constant force spring 310 can be fixed to the hook-shaped portion 360 as shown in FIG. 12 .
  • the constant load spring 310 can be rotated as the constant load spring 210 in the same manner as the constant load spring 210 according to the second embodiment.
  • the constant force spring 310 can be fixed to the hook-like portion 360 simply by moving it in a direction approaching 21 .
  • Embodiment 4 An electric motor according to Embodiment 4 will be described.
  • the electric motor according to this embodiment differs from the electric motor according to the second embodiment in the shapes of the brush holder and the constant force spring.
  • the electric motor according to the present embodiment will be described below with reference to FIGS. 13 to 15C, focusing on differences from the electric motor according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 13 is an exploded perspective view showing part of the brush holder 450 and the constant force spring 410 according to this embodiment.
  • FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing part of the brush holder 450 and the constant force spring 410 according to this embodiment.
  • 15A to 15C are diagrams showing steps of a method for fixing constant force spring 410 to ceiling portion 466 according to the present embodiment.
  • the brush holder 450 has a holder main body 50a and a ceiling portion 466.
  • the ceiling portion 466 is a portion arranged to face the holder main body 50a with a gap therebetween.
  • the ceiling portion 466 has a facing portion 464 that faces the rotating shaft 21 .
  • the facing portion 464 is a planar portion facing the rotating shaft 21 and extending along the rotating shaft 21 .
  • Holder main body 50 a according to the present embodiment is a portion of brush holder 450 other than ceiling portion 466 .
  • the rotating shaft 21 is arranged on the lower left side of the facing portion 464 in FIG. 14 and on the left side of the facing portion 464 in FIGS. 15A to 15C, as in the first embodiment. be done.
  • the constant force spring 410 has a spiral portion 111 positioned at one end and a fixed portion 412 positioned at the other end.
  • the fixed part 412 is fixed to the ceiling part 466 .
  • the fixed part 412 is a part of a strip-shaped wire, and has a curved part 418 that is bent away from the other part of the strip-shaped wire as it moves away from the rotating shaft 21 .
  • the width of the curved portion 418 is smaller than the width of the strip-shaped wire.
  • the curved portion 418 is formed by making a substantially U-shaped cut in the belt-like wire and bending the portion surrounded by the cut with respect to the other portion. Note that the configuration of the curved portion 418 is not limited to this. For example, a hook-shaped cut is made in the width direction end of the belt-shaped wire, and the portion surrounded by the cut and the width direction end of the belt-shaped wire is curved with respect to the other portion to form a curved portion. may be formed.
  • the fixed part 412 is arranged in the gap between the holder main body 50a and the ceiling part 466 .
  • the curved portion 418 of the fixed portion 412 abuts against the opposing portion 464 of the ceiling portion 466 , thereby preventing the fixed portion 412 from moving toward the spiral portion 111 .
  • the constant force spring 410 is fixed.
  • the distance between the holder main body 50a and the ceiling portion 466 is greater than the thickness of the strip-shaped wire material forming the constant force spring 410.
  • the distance is smaller than the axial length of the rotating shaft of the constant force spring 410 at the end of the curved portion 418 when no force is applied to the constant force spring 410 .
  • the interval is smaller than the maximum dimension in the thickness direction of the wire rod at the curved portion 418 when no force is applied to the curved portion 418 .
  • the brush holder 450 and the constant force spring 410 according to the present embodiment can be easily fixed to the ceiling portion 466 by having the configurations as described above. A method of fixing the constant force spring 410 will be described below with reference to FIGS. 15A to 15C.
  • the tip of the fixing portion 412 of the constant force spring 410 is inserted into the gap between the holder main body 50a and the ceiling portion 466. Then, as shown in FIG. 15A, the tip of the fixing portion 412 of the constant force spring 410 is inserted into the gap between the holder main body 50a and the ceiling portion 466. Then, as shown in FIG. 15A, the tip of the fixing portion 412 of the constant force spring 410 is inserted into the gap between the holder main body 50a and the ceiling portion 466. Then, as shown in FIG.
  • the constant force spring 410 is moved toward the rotating shaft 21, and the curved portion 418 is inserted into the gap.
  • the distance between the holder main body 50a and the ceiling portion 466 is smaller than the maximum dimension in the thickness direction of the wire at the curved portion 418 when no force is applied to the curved portion 418 .
  • the curved portion 418 is bent in a direction away from other portions of the strip-shaped wire rod as it moves away from the rotating shaft 21, the dimension in the thickness direction of the wire rod at the curved portion 418 portion is equal to that of the fixed portion. It gradually increases from the end near the tip of 412 toward the end near spiral part 111 .
  • the wire constituting the constant force spring 410 is an elastic member, applying a force to the curved portion 418 reduces the dimension of the curved portion 418 in the fixed portion 412 in the thickness direction of the wire. 418 can be elastically deformed. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 15B, by inserting the fixed part 412 into the gap, the curved part 418 is deformed, so that the fixed part 412 can be moved smoothly.
  • the constant force spring 410 when the constant force spring 410 is moved toward the rotating shaft 21 and the curved portion 418 passes through the facing portion 464 of the ceiling portion 466, no force is applied to the curved portion 418.
  • the constant load spring 410 can be easily moved to the ceiling portion 466 simply by moving the constant load spring 410 toward the rotation shaft 21 . can be fixed to Furthermore, the curved portion 418 abuts against the facing portion 464 of the ceiling portion 466 , thereby suppressing the fixed portion of the constant force spring 410 from coming off the ceiling portion 466 .
  • the electric motor 1 is a coreless motor in which the stator 10 and the rotor 20 do not have cores, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the electric motor 1 may be an electric motor in which the stator 10 and the rotor 20 have cores.
  • the stator 10 is composed only of permanent magnets, but it is not limited to this.
  • the stator 10 may be a stator composed of permanent magnets and an iron core, or may be a stator composed of stator windings and an iron core without using permanent magnets.
  • the electric motor 1 is a flat type flat motor having an outer size whose thickness is smaller than its outer diameter, but it is not limited to this.
  • the technology of the present disclosure can also be applied to, for example, a cylindrical electric motor having a cylindrical housing with an outer size whose thickness is greater than its outer diameter.
  • the direction of the main magnetic flux generated by the stator 10 and the rotor 20 is the direction of the axis C of the rotating shaft 21, but it is not limited to this.
  • the direction of the main magnetic flux generated by the stator 10 and the rotor 20 may be a direction perpendicular to the direction of the axis C of the rotating shaft 21 (radial direction of rotation of the rotating shaft 21).
  • the technology of the present disclosure can also be applied to an inner rotor type motor in which the rotor 20 is arranged inside the stator 10 .
  • the electric motor 1 is a vehicle motor used in a vehicle, but it is not limited to this.
  • the technology of the present disclosure can also be applied to electric motors used in various other electric devices, such as electric motors used in electric blowers and the like mounted on electric vacuum cleaners and the like.
  • FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing a fan 190 attached to each electric motor according to the above embodiment.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of an electric blower 600 including a fan 190 attached to the electric motor 1.
  • FIG. Electric blower 600 can be realized by attaching fan 190 as shown in FIG. 16 to rotating shaft 21 of electric motor 1 according to the above embodiment.
  • the electric blower 600 according to the present disclosure includes the electric motor 1 according to any one of the above embodiments and the fan 190 attached to the rotating shaft 21 of the electric motor 1 . Note that the fan 190 shown in FIG.
  • the technology of the present disclosure can be widely used in various products equipped with electric motors, including products in the field of electric equipment such as automobiles and the field of household electric appliances.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un moteur électrique qui est facilement assemblé et dans lequel un ressort pour presser un balai sur un collecteur ne se détache pas facilement. Un moteur électrique 1 est pourvu : d'un rotor (20) comportant un collecteur (30) monté sur un arbre rotatif (21) ; d'un balai (40) ; d'un porte-balai (50) pour tenir le balai (40) ; et d'un ressort à force constante (110) pour presser le balai (40) sur le collecteur (30). Le ressort à force constante (110) a une section en spirale (111) formée d'un matériau en plaque en forme de bande enroulée et d'une section fixe (112). Le porte-balai (50) comporte : un corps de support (50a) dans lequel est disposé le balai (40) ; et une section en forme de crochet (60) faisant saillie depuis le corps de support (50a) le long de l'arbre rotatif (21). La section en forme de crochet (60) a une section verticale s'étendant le long de l'arbre rotatif (21). La section verticale a une section opposée qui est opposée à l'arbre rotatif (21). La section fixe (112) a une section d'accrochage qui vient en butée contre la section opposée.
PCT/JP2022/009906 2021-03-25 2022-03-08 Moteur électrique et soufflante d'air électrique WO2022202272A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

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CN202280019467.3A CN117296236A (zh) 2021-03-25 2022-03-08 电动机和电动风机
JP2023508933A JPWO2022202272A1 (fr) 2021-03-25 2022-03-08

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JP2021-052465 2021-03-25
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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61114970U (fr) * 1984-12-27 1986-07-21
WO2020255807A1 (fr) * 2019-06-21 2020-12-24 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 Moteur électrique et souffleuse électrique

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61114970U (fr) * 1984-12-27 1986-07-21
WO2020255807A1 (fr) * 2019-06-21 2020-12-24 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 Moteur électrique et souffleuse électrique

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CN117296236A (zh) 2023-12-26

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