WO2022198697A1 - 背光模组及液晶显示装置 - Google Patents

背光模组及液晶显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022198697A1
WO2022198697A1 PCT/CN2021/084245 CN2021084245W WO2022198697A1 WO 2022198697 A1 WO2022198697 A1 WO 2022198697A1 CN 2021084245 W CN2021084245 W CN 2021084245W WO 2022198697 A1 WO2022198697 A1 WO 2022198697A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
optical element
crystal display
light source
display panel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/084245
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
何瑞
程薇
黄长治
刘广辉
Original Assignee
武汉华星光电技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 filed Critical 武汉华星光电技术有限公司
Priority to US17/284,487 priority Critical patent/US20220365393A1/en
Publication of WO2022198697A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022198697A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133626—Illuminating devices providing two modes of illumination, e.g. day-night
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133603—Direct backlight with LEDs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
    • G02B5/1866—Transmission gratings characterised by their structure, e.g. step profile, contours of substrate or grooves, pitch variations, materials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133605—Direct backlight including specially adapted reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • G02F1/133607—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members the light controlling member including light directing or refracting elements, e.g. prisms or lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
    • G02F1/13476—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells in which at least one liquid crystal cell or layer assumes a scattering state
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
    • G06V40/13—Sensors therefor
    • G06V40/1318—Sensors therefor using electro-optical elements or layers, e.g. electroluminescent sensing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/13306—Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells
    • G02F1/13312—Circuits comprising photodetectors for purposes other than feedback
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/13338—Input devices, e.g. touch panels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133512—Light shielding layers, e.g. black matrix

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular, to a backlight module and a liquid crystal display device.
  • the under-screen sensing technology refers to arranging the sensor under the screen.
  • a backlight module that can switch between the transparent state and the scattering state is usually introduced into the liquid crystal display device.
  • the viewing angle of the light emitted by the group is relatively large, which will cause uneven backlighting and affect the display effect of the liquid crystal display device.
  • the present application provides a backlight module and a liquid crystal display device to solve the problem of poor display effect of the existing liquid crystal display device.
  • the present application provides a backlight module for providing backlight to a liquid crystal display panel
  • the liquid crystal display panel includes a sensing area and a non-sensing area
  • the backlight module includes a first light source assembly and a light shielding layer
  • the first light source assembly includes a first optical element and a first light source; wherein, the first optical element can be switched between a transparent state and a scattering state; the first light source is located in the first optical element.
  • the light shielding layer is arranged on the light path of the light emitted by the first light source reaching the liquid crystal display panel, and the light shielding layer includes several intervals
  • the provided gratings each of which is made of a light-shielding material, and a light-transmitting gap is formed between any two adjacent gratings.
  • the first optical element includes a first area and a second area, the first area is disposed corresponding to the sensing area, the second area is disposed corresponding to the non-sensing area, and the The first region can be controlled to switch between a transparent state and a scattering state.
  • the first light source is located at the side of the first optical element, and the light shielding layer is arranged between the first optical element and the liquid crystal display panel.
  • the first light source is located on a side of the first optical element away from the liquid crystal display panel, and the light shielding layer is arranged between the first optical element and the liquid crystal display panel and/or or between the first light source and the first optical element.
  • the first light source is located on a side of the first optical element away from the liquid crystal display panel, and is disposed corresponding to the sensing area, and the light shielding layer is disposed between the first optical element and the liquid crystal display panel. between the liquid crystal display panels and/or between the first light source and the first optical element, and corresponding to the sensing area;
  • the backlight module further includes a second light source assembly, the second light source assembly is located on a side of the first optical element away from the liquid crystal display panel, and is disposed corresponding to the non-sensing area.
  • the first optical element is disposed corresponding to the sensing area
  • the first light source is located on the side of the first optical element
  • the light shielding layer is disposed between the first optical element and the first optical element. between the liquid crystal display panels and corresponding to the sensing area;
  • the backlight module further includes a second light source assembly, the second light source assembly is located between the first optical element and the liquid crystal display panel, and is disposed corresponding to the non-sensing area.
  • the first optical element is disposed corresponding to the sensing area
  • the first light source is located on a side of the first optical element away from the liquid crystal display panel
  • the light shielding layer is disposed on the between the first optical element and the liquid crystal display panel and/or the first light source and the first optical element, and corresponding to the sensing area
  • the backlight module further includes a second light source assembly, the second light source assembly is located between the first optical element and the liquid crystal display panel, and is disposed corresponding to the non-sensing area.
  • the cross-sectional shapes of different gratings are rectangles with the same size, wherein the width of the grating ranges from 1 to 50 ⁇ m, and the height of the grating ranges from 1 to 100 ⁇ m.
  • the first optical element includes a first substrate and a second substrate, and liquid crystal sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate, the first substrate and the second substrate Both substrates are made of transparent materials, and the liquid crystals are polymer dispersed liquid crystals or polymer network liquid crystals.
  • the second light source assembly includes a second optical element and a second light source; wherein the second optical element includes a reflective sheet, a light guide plate, a diffusing sheet and a prism sheet that are laminated and arranged, and the second optical element
  • the light source is located on the side of the second optical element or on the side of the second optical element away from the liquid crystal display panel.
  • the present application provides a liquid crystal display device, the liquid crystal display device comprising a liquid crystal display panel, a sensor and a backlight module;
  • the liquid crystal display panel includes a sensing area and a non-sensing area
  • the backlight module is used for providing backlight to the liquid crystal display panel, the backlight module includes a first light source assembly and a light shielding layer, the first light source assembly includes a first optical element and a first light source; wherein, the first optical element can be switched between a transparent state and a scattering state; the first light source is located on the side of the first optical element or on the side of the first optical element away from the liquid crystal display panel; the The light-shielding layer is arranged on the light path of the light emitted by the first light source to the liquid crystal display panel, the light-shielding layer includes a plurality of gratings arranged at intervals, each of the gratings is made of a light-shielding material, and any adjacent two gratings are formed. A light-transmitting gap is formed between each of the gratings;
  • the sensor is located on a side of the backlight module away from the liquid crystal display panel, and is disposed corresponding to the sensing area.
  • the first optical element includes a first area and a second area, the first area is disposed corresponding to the sensing area, the second area is disposed corresponding to the non-sensing area, and the The first region can be controlled to switch between a transparent state and a scattering state.
  • the first light source is located at the side of the first optical element, and the light shielding layer is arranged between the first optical element and the liquid crystal display panel.
  • the first light source is located on a side of the first optical element away from the liquid crystal display panel, and the light shielding layer is arranged between the first optical element and the liquid crystal display panel and/or or between the first light source and the first optical element.
  • the first light source is located on a side of the first optical element away from the liquid crystal display panel, and is disposed corresponding to the sensing area, and the light shielding layer is disposed between the first optical element and the liquid crystal display panel. between the liquid crystal display panels and/or between the first light source and the first optical element, and corresponding to the sensing area;
  • the backlight module further includes a second light source assembly, the second light source assembly is located on a side of the first optical element away from the liquid crystal display panel, and is disposed corresponding to the non-sensing area.
  • the first optical element is disposed corresponding to the sensing area
  • the first light source is located on the side of the first optical element
  • the light shielding layer is disposed between the first optical element and the first optical element. between the liquid crystal display panels and corresponding to the sensing area;
  • the backlight module further includes a second light source assembly, the second light source assembly is located between the first optical element and the liquid crystal display panel, and is disposed corresponding to the non-sensing area.
  • the first optical element is disposed corresponding to the sensing area
  • the first light source is located on a side of the first optical element away from the liquid crystal display panel
  • the light shielding layer is disposed on the between the first optical element and the liquid crystal display panel and/or the first light source and the first optical element, and corresponding to the sensing area
  • the backlight module further includes a second light source assembly, the second light source assembly is located between the first optical element and the liquid crystal display panel, and is disposed corresponding to the non-sensing area.
  • the cross-sectional shapes of different gratings are rectangles with the same size, wherein the width of the grating ranges from 1 to 50 ⁇ m, and the height of the grating ranges from 1 to 100 ⁇ m.
  • the first optical element includes a first substrate and a second substrate, and liquid crystal sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate, the first substrate and the second substrate Both substrates are made of transparent materials, and the liquid crystals are polymer dispersed liquid crystals or polymer network liquid crystals.
  • the second light source assembly includes a second optical element and a second light source; wherein the second optical element includes a reflective sheet, a light guide plate, a diffusing sheet and a prism sheet that are laminated and arranged, and the second optical element
  • the light source is located on the side of the second optical element or on the side of the second optical element away from the liquid crystal display panel.
  • the backlight module provided by the present application is used for providing backlight to a liquid crystal display panel.
  • the backlight module includes a first light source assembly, and the first light source assembly includes: a first optical element capable of being between a transparent state and a scattering state.
  • the first light source is located on the side of the first optical element or on the side of the first optical element away from the liquid crystal display panel;
  • the light shielding layer is arranged on the light emitted by the first light source and reaches the liquid crystal
  • the light shielding layer includes a plurality of gratings arranged at intervals, each of the gratings is made of a light shielding material, and a light transmission gap is formed between any two adjacent gratings.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a light shielding layer provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a third liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a sixth liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a seventh liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an eighth liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a ninth liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a tenth liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an eleventh liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a backlight module, which can be applied to a liquid crystal display device to ensure a narrower viewing angle of light incident on the liquid crystal display panel, thereby improving the uniformity of the backlight, thereby improving the brightness of the liquid crystal display device. display effect.
  • the liquid crystal display device obtained by applying the backlight module to the liquid crystal display device includes:
  • the liquid crystal display panel includes a sensing area and a non-sensing area.
  • the sensing area refers to the area corresponding to the sensor.
  • the sensor can be a fingerprint sensor or a camera. If the sensor is a fingerprint sensor, the light containing fingerprint information can pass through this area and enter the fingerprint sensor for fingerprint recognition; if the sensor is If the camera is used, the light including the external image information can pass through this area and enter the corresponding camera for imaging.
  • the liquid crystal display device will be described in detail later by taking the sensor as an example of a fingerprint sensor.
  • the non-sensing area refers to the area of the liquid crystal display panel except the sensing area, which is used for displaying images.
  • the backlight module includes a first optical element and a first light source.
  • the first optical element can be switched between a transparent state and a scattering state
  • the first optical element may include a first substrate and a second substrate arranged oppositely, and a liquid crystal sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate, the first Both the first substrate and the second substrate are made of transparent materials, and the liquid crystal is polymer dispersed liquid crystal or polymer network liquid crystal. Under the control of the voltage, the liquid crystal can be switched between the transparent state and the scattering state, so that the first optical element can be switched between the transparent state and the scattering state.
  • the first light source can be an edge-type light source or a direct-type light source. Specifically, if the first light source is an edge-type light source, the first light source is located on the side of the first optical element; if the first light source is a direct-type light source, then The first light source is located on a side of the first optical element away from the liquid crystal display panel.
  • the first light source may be a light emitting diode, a mini light emitting diode or a micro light emitting diode, which is not specifically limited here.
  • the light-shielding layer is arranged on the light path that the light emitted by the first light source reaches the liquid crystal display panel.
  • the light-shielding layer includes a plurality of gratings arranged at intervals, each grating is made of a light-shielding material, and a light-transmitting gap is formed between any two adjacent gratings. .
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a light-shielding layer provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the light-shielding layer has a louver structure, which includes a plurality of gratings (the black-filled rectangular area shown in FIG. 1 ) arranged at intervals. It is made of light-shielding material, and a light-transmitting gap is formed between any two adjacent gratings, so that part of the light incident to the light-shielding layer can pass through.
  • the shapes of different gratings may be the same or different, the sizes of different gratings may be the same or different, and the widths of the light transmission gaps between two adjacent gratings may be equal or different.
  • the shapes and sizes of different gratings are the same, the cross-sectional shape of each grating is a rectangle, and the widths of the light transmission gaps between two adjacent gratings are equal.
  • the width of the grating as w
  • the height of the grating as h
  • the period of the grating that is, the sum of the widths of a grating and an adjacent light-transmitting gap is p
  • the light shielding layer can block the light with the viewing angle greater than ⁇ from passing through, and only allow the light with the viewing angle less than or equal to ⁇ to pass through. Therefore, arranging the light-shielding layer on the light path through which the light emitted by the first light source reaches the liquid crystal display panel can ensure that the viewing angle of the light incident on the liquid crystal display panel is narrow, thereby improving the uniformity of the backlight, thereby improving the display of the liquid crystal display device. Effect.
  • the backlight modules in the embodiments of the present application have various structures, and the liquid crystal display devices obtained by applying the backlight modules of different structures to the liquid crystal display device are respectively shown in Figs. 2-12.
  • the module and the liquid crystal display device are described in detail.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the liquid crystal display device 1 includes a liquid crystal display panel 30 , a backlight module and a sensor (not shown in FIG. 2 ).
  • the liquid crystal display panel 30 includes a sensing area 301 and a non-sensing area 302 .
  • the backlight module includes a first light source assembly 10 and a light shielding layer 40.
  • the first light source assembly 10 includes a first optical element 101 and a first light source 102.
  • the first light source 102 is located on the side of the first optical element 101, and the light shielding layer 40 is arranged on the first optical element 101. between an optical element 101 and the liquid crystal display panel 30 .
  • the projection of the first optical element 101 on the liquid crystal display panel 30 shown in FIG. 2 completely covers the liquid crystal display panel 30 , and the light shielding layer 40 and the first optical element 101 have the same length.
  • the first optical element 101 includes a first area 1011 and a second area 1012, the first area 1011 is arranged corresponding to the sensing area 301, the second area 1012 is arranged corresponding to the non-sensing area 302, the first area 1011 and the second area 1012 can be controlled to switch between transparent and scattering states, respectively.
  • the working process of the liquid crystal display device 1 shown in FIG. 2 will be described below:
  • the first area 1011 is controlled by voltage to be transparent, and the first light source 102 near the first area 1011 is turned off. At this time, the light containing fingerprint information can pass through the light shielding layer 40 and the first area 1011 in sequence.
  • the fingerprint sensor receives for fingerprint identification; at the same time, the second area 1012 is controlled by voltage to be in a scattering state, and the first light source 102 near the second area 1012 is turned on.
  • the second area 1012, the first light source 102 and the shading The layers 40 cooperate together to provide backlight for the non-sensing area 302 , that is, the light emitted by the first light source 102 passes through the second area 1012 and the light shielding layer 40 in sequence to reach the non-sensing area 302 .
  • the first optical element 101 is controlled by voltage to be in a scattering state, and the first light source 102 is turned on.
  • the first optical element 101, the first light source 102 and the light shielding layer 40 cooperate together to provide backlight for the liquid crystal display panel 30 That is, the light emitted by the first light source 102 sequentially passes through the first optical element 101 and the light shielding layer 40 to reach the liquid crystal display panel 30 .
  • the fingerprint sensor in order to prevent the light shielding layer 40 located directly above the first region 1011 from blocking the light containing fingerprint information, the fingerprint sensor can be made into a sensor array similar in structure to the light shielding layer 40 , and the structure of the light shielding layer 40 can be made into a sensor array. It is optimized so as to minimize the influence caused by the light shielding layer 40 shielding the light containing fingerprint information.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second liquid crystal display device provided by an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a third liquid crystal display device provided by an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 5 is a fourth liquid crystal display device provided by the embodiment of the application.
  • the liquid crystal display panel 30 includes a sensing area 301 and a non-sensing area 302 .
  • the backlight module includes a first light source assembly 10 and a light shielding layer 40, the first light source assembly 10 includes a first optical element 101 and a first light source 102, and the first light source 102 is located on the side of the first optical element 101 away from the liquid crystal display panel 30,
  • the light shielding layer 40 is arranged between the first optical element 101 and the liquid crystal display panel 30 (see FIG. 3 for details), or between the first light source 102 and the first optical element 101 (see FIG. 4 for details), or between the first optical element 102 and the first optical element 101 (see FIG. 4 for details). between the element 101 and the liquid crystal display panel 30 and between the first light source 102 and the first optical element 101 (refer to FIG. 5 for details).
  • the projection of the first optical element 101 on the liquid crystal display panel 30 shown in FIGS. 3 , 4 and 5 completely covers the liquid crystal display panel 30 , and the light shielding layer 40 has the same length as the first optical element 101 .
  • the first optical element 101 includes a first area 1011 and a second area 1012, the first area 1011 is arranged corresponding to the sensing area 301, the second area 1012 is arranged corresponding to the non-sensing area 302, the first area 1011 and the second area 1012 can be controlled to switch between transparent and scattering states, respectively.
  • the working process of the liquid crystal display device 1 shown in FIG. 3 , FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 is described below:
  • the first area 1011 is controlled to be in a transparent state by voltage, and the first light source 102 near the first area 1011 is turned off.
  • the light containing fingerprint information can be sequentially Passing through the light-shielding layer 40 and the first area 1011 and being received by the fingerprint sensor for fingerprint identification;
  • the second area 1012 is controlled by voltage to be in a scattering state, and the first light source 102 near the second area 1012 is turned on, at this time
  • the second area 1012 , the first light source 102 and the light shielding layer 40 cooperate together to provide backlight for the non-sensing area 302 , that is, the light emitted by the first light source 102 sequentially passes through the second area 1012 and the light shielding layer 40 to reach the non-sensing area 302 .
  • the first optical element 101 is controlled by voltage to be in a scattering state, and the first light source 102 is turned on. At this time, the first optical element 101, the first light source 102 and the light shielding layer 40 cooperate together to provide backlight for the liquid crystal display panel 30 That is, the light emitted by the first light source 102 sequentially passes through the first optical element 101 and the light shielding layer 40 to reach the liquid crystal display panel 30 .
  • the first area 1011 is controlled by voltage to be transparent, and the first light source 102 near the first area 1011 is turned off.
  • the light containing fingerprint information can be sequentially Passing through the first area 1011 and the light shielding layer 40, it is received by the fingerprint sensor for fingerprint identification; at the same time, the second area 1012 is controlled by voltage to be in a scattering state, and the first light source 102 near the second area 1012 is turned on.
  • the second area 1012 , the first light source 102 and the light shielding layer 40 cooperate together to provide backlight for the non-sensing area 302 , that is, the light emitted by the first light source 102 passes through the light shielding layer 40 and the second area 1012 in sequence to reach the non-sensing area 302 .
  • the first optical element 101 is controlled by voltage to be in a scattering state, and the first light source 102 is turned on.
  • the first optical element 101, the first light source 102 and the light shielding layer 40 cooperate together to provide backlight for the liquid crystal display panel 30 That is, the light emitted by the first light source 102 sequentially passes through the light shielding layer 40 and the first optical element 101 to reach the liquid crystal display panel 30 .
  • the first area 1011 is controlled to be transparent by voltage, and the first light source 102 near the first area 1011 is turned off.
  • the light containing fingerprint information can be sequentially After passing through the light shielding layer 40, the first area 1011 and the light shielding layer 40, it is received by the fingerprint sensor for fingerprint identification; at the same time, the second area 1012 is controlled by voltage to be in a scattering state, and the first light source 102 near the second area 1012 is When turned on, the second area 1012 , the first light source 102 and the shading layer 40 cooperate together to provide backlight for the non-sensing area 302 , that is, the light emitted by the first light source 102 passes through the shading layer 40 , the second area 1012 and the shading layer in sequence.
  • Layer 40 reaches non-sensing region 302 .
  • the first optical element 101 is controlled by voltage to be in a scattering state, and the first light source 102 is turned on.
  • the first optical element 101, the first light source 102 and the light shielding layer 40 cooperate together to provide backlight for the liquid crystal display panel 30 That is, the light emitted by the first light source 102 sequentially passes through the light shielding layer 40 , the first optical element 101 and the light shielding layer 40 to reach the liquid crystal display panel 30 .
  • the fingerprint sensor in order to prevent the light shielding layer 40 located directly above and/or below the first region 1011 from blocking the light containing fingerprint information, the fingerprint sensor can be fabricated as a sensor array similar in structure to the light shielding layer 40, The structure of the layer 40 is optimized to minimize the influence of the light shielding layer 40 on the shielding of the light containing fingerprint information.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth liquid crystal display device provided by an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a sixth liquid crystal display device provided by an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 8 is a seventh liquid crystal display device provided by the embodiment of the application.
  • the liquid crystal display panel 30 includes a sensing area 301 and a non-sensing area 302 .
  • the backlight module includes a first light source assembly 10 , a second light source assembly 20 and a light shielding layer 40 .
  • the first light source assembly 10 includes a first area 1011 and a second area 1012, the first area 1011 is disposed corresponding to the sensing area 301, the second area 1012 is disposed corresponding to the non-sensing area 302, and the first area 1011 and the second area 1012 can be are controlled to switch between the transparent state and the scattering state, respectively.
  • the light emitted by the second light source assembly 20 passes through the second area 1012 to reach the liquid crystal display panel 30
  • the light emitted by the first light source 102 passes through the first area 1011 and the light shielding layer 40 to reach the liquid crystal display panel 30 .
  • the projection of the first optical element 101 on the liquid crystal display panel 30 shown in FIGS. 6 , 7 and 8 completely covers the liquid crystal display panel 30 , and the first light source 102 is located at the first optical element 101 away from the liquid crystal display panel 30 .
  • the light shielding layer 40 is arranged between the first optical element 101 and the liquid crystal display panel 30 (refer to FIG. 6 for details), or between the first light source 102 and the first optical element 101 (Please refer to FIG. 7 for details), or between the first optical element 101 and the liquid crystal display panel 30 and between the first light source 102 and the first optical element 101 (please refer to FIG. 8 for details), and are arranged corresponding to the sensing area 301 .
  • the second light source assembly 20 is located on the side of the first optical element 101 away from the liquid crystal display panel 30 and is disposed corresponding to the non-sensing area 302 .
  • the second light source assembly 20 is different from the first light source assembly 10 in that it does not have the function of switching between the transparent state and the scattering state, the second light source assembly 20 may include a second optical element and a second light source, wherein along the first light source In the direction from the light source assembly 10 to the liquid crystal display panel 30, the second optical element may sequentially include a reflective sheet, a light guide plate, a diffuser sheet and a prism sheet arranged in layers, and the second light source is located on the side of the second optical element or away from the second optical element One side of the liquid crystal display panel 30 .
  • the light source assembly 20 is attached.
  • the light shielding layer 40 can also be translated downward for a certain distance, that is, only abutted with the second light source assembly 20 .
  • the first optical element 101 is controlled to be in a transparent state by voltage, and the first light source 102 is turned off.
  • the light containing the fingerprint information can pass through the light shielding layer 40 in sequence. and the first area 1011 are received by the fingerprint sensor for fingerprint recognition; at the same time, the second light source assembly 20 provides backlight for the non-sensing area 302, that is, the light emitted by the second light source assembly 20 passes through the second area 1012 to reach the non-sensing area 302. Sensing area 302 .
  • the first optical element 101 is controlled by voltage to be in a scattering state, and the first light source 102 is turned on.
  • the first optical element 101 , the first light source 102 and the light shielding layer 40 cooperate together to provide a backlight for the sensing area 301 That is, the light emitted by the first light source 102 sequentially passes through the first optical element 101 and the light shielding layer 40 to reach the sensing area 301; at the same time, the second light source assembly 20 provides backlight for the non-sensing area 302, that is, the second The light emitted by the light source assembly 20 passes through the second area 1012 and reaches the non-sensing area 302 .
  • the first optical element 101 is controlled by voltage to be in a transparent state, and the first light source 102 is turned off.
  • the light containing fingerprint information can pass through the first area in sequence. 1011 and the light shielding layer 40 are received by the fingerprint sensor for fingerprint identification; at the same time, the second light source assembly 20 provides backlight for the non-sensing area 302, that is, the light emitted by the second light source assembly 20 passes through the second area 1012 to reach the non-sensing area 302. Sensing area 302 .
  • the first optical element 101 is controlled by voltage to be in a scattering state, and the first light source 102 is turned on.
  • the first optical element 101 , the first light source 102 and the light shielding layer 40 cooperate together to provide a backlight for the sensing area 301 , that is, the light emitted by the first light source 102 passes through the light shielding layer 40 and the first area 1011 to reach the sensing area 301 in sequence; at the same time, the second light source assembly 20 provides backlight for the non-sensing area 302, that is, the second light source assembly The light emitted by 20 passes through the second area 1012 to reach the non-sensing area 302 .
  • the first optical element 101 is controlled to be in a transparent state by voltage, and the first light source 102 is turned off.
  • the light containing the fingerprint information can pass through the light shielding layer 40 in sequence.
  • the first area 1011 and the light shielding layer 40 are received by the fingerprint sensor for fingerprint identification;
  • the second light source assembly 20 provides backlight for the non-sensing area 302, that is, the light emitted by the second light source assembly 20 passes through the second light source assembly 20.
  • Region 1012 reaches non-sensing region 302 .
  • the first optical element 101 is controlled by voltage to be in a scattering state, and the first light source 102 is turned on.
  • the first optical element 101 , the first light source 102 and the light shielding layer 40 cooperate together to provide a backlight for the sensing area 301 That is, the light emitted by the first light source 102 sequentially passes through the light shielding layer 40, the first optical element 101 and the light shielding layer 40 to reach the sensing area 301; at the same time, the second light source assembly 20 provides backlight for the non-sensing area 302, That is, the light emitted by the second light source assembly 20 passes through the second area 1012 and reaches the non-sensing area 302 .
  • the fingerprint sensor in order to prevent the light shielding layer 40 located directly above and/or below the first optical element 101 from blocking the light containing fingerprint information, the fingerprint sensor can be made into a sensor array similar in structure to the light shielding layer 40, and the The structure of the light shielding layer 40 is optimized to minimize the influence of the light shielding layer 40 on the shielding of the light containing fingerprint information.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an eighth liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the liquid crystal display device 1 includes a liquid crystal display panel 30 , a backlight module and a sensor.
  • the liquid crystal display panel 30 includes a sensing area 301 and a non-sensing area 302 .
  • the backlight module includes a first light source assembly 10 , a second light source assembly 20 and a light shielding layer 40 .
  • the second light source assembly 20 and the first light source assembly 10 respectively provide backlights for different areas of the liquid crystal display panel 30 .
  • the first optical element 101 shown in FIG. 9 is disposed corresponding to the sensing area 301 , that is, its projection on the liquid crystal display panel 30 completely covers only the sensing area 301 , and the first light source 102 is located in the first optical element 101
  • the light shielding layer 40 is located between the first optical element 101 and the liquid crystal display panel 30 , and is disposed corresponding to the sensing area 301 .
  • the second light source assembly 20 is located on the side of the liquid crystal display panel 30 close to the first light source assembly 10 and is disposed corresponding to the non-sensing area 302 .
  • the second light source assembly 20 is different from the first light source assembly 10 in that it does not have the function of switching between the transparent state and the scattering state, the second light source assembly 20 may include a second optical element and a second light source, wherein along the first light source In the direction from the light source assembly 10 to the liquid crystal display panel 30, the second optical element may sequentially include a reflective sheet, a light guide plate, a diffuser sheet and a prism sheet arranged in layers, and the second light source is located on the side of the second optical element or away from the second optical element One side of the liquid crystal display panel 30 .
  • the light shielding layer 40 can also be moved upward for a certain distance, which is not specifically limited here.
  • the first optical element 101 is controlled by voltage to be in a transparent state, and the first light source 102 is turned off. At this time, the light containing the fingerprint information can pass through the light shielding layer 40 and the first optical element 101 in turn and be received by the fingerprint sensor for detection. At the same time, the second light source assembly 20 provides backlight for the non-sensing area 302 , that is, the light emitted by the second light source assembly 20 directly reaches the non-sensing area 302 .
  • the first optical element 101 is controlled by voltage to be in a scattering state, and the first light source 102 is turned on.
  • the first optical element 101 , the first light source 102 and the light shielding layer 40 cooperate together to provide a backlight for the sensing area 301 , that is, the light emitted by the first light source 102 sequentially passes through the first optical element 101 and the light shielding layer 40 to reach the sensing area 301; at the same time, the second light source assembly 20 provides backlight for the non-sensing area 302, that is, the second light source The light emitted by the assembly 20 directly reaches the non-sensing area 302 .
  • the fingerprint sensor in order to prevent the light shielding layer 40 located directly above the first optical element 101 from blocking the light containing fingerprint information, the fingerprint sensor can be made into a sensor array similar in structure to the light shielding layer 40 , and the structure of the light shielding layer 40 can be Optimization is performed to minimize the influence of the light shielding layer 40 on the shielding of the light containing fingerprint information.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a ninth liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a tenth liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 12 is an eleventh liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the application.
  • the liquid crystal display device 1 includes a liquid crystal display panel 30, a backlight module and a sensor.
  • the liquid crystal display panel 30 includes a sensing area 301 and a non-sensing area 302 .
  • the backlight module includes a first light source assembly 10 , a second light source assembly 20 and a light shielding layer 40 .
  • the second light source assembly 20 and the first light source assembly 10 respectively provide backlights for different areas of the liquid crystal display panel 30 .
  • the first optical element 101 shown in FIGS. 10 , 11 and 12 is disposed corresponding to the sensing area 301 , that is, its projection on the liquid crystal display panel 30 only covers the sensing area 301 , and the first light source 102 is located at The first optical element 101 is located on the side away from the liquid crystal display panel 30, and is disposed corresponding to the sensing area 301.
  • the light shielding layer 40 is located between the first optical element 101 and the liquid crystal display panel 30 (refer to FIG. 10 for details), or the first light source 102 and the first optical element 101 (refer to FIG. 11 for details), or between the first optical element 101 and the liquid crystal display panel 30 and between the first light source 102 and the first optical element 101 (refer to FIG. 12 for details) , and is set corresponding to the sensing area 301 .
  • the second light source assembly 20 is located on the side of the liquid crystal display panel 30 close to the first light source assembly 10 and is disposed corresponding to the non-sensing area 302 .
  • the second light source assembly 20 is different from the first light source assembly 10 in that it does not have the function of switching between the transparent state and the scattering state, the second light source assembly 20 may include a second optical element and a second light source, wherein along the first light source In the direction from the light source assembly 10 to the liquid crystal display panel 30, the second optical element may sequentially include a reflective sheet, a light guide plate, a diffuser sheet and a prism sheet arranged in layers, and the second light source is located on the side of the second optical element or away from the second optical element One side of the liquid crystal display panel 30 .
  • the light shielding layer 40 in the liquid crystal display device 1 shown in FIG. 10 and the light shielding layer 40 in the liquid crystal display device 1 shown in FIG. Specific restrictions.
  • the first optical element 101 can also be moved upward for a certain distance, which is not specifically limited here.
  • the first optical element 101 is controlled by voltage to be in a transparent state, and the first light source 102 is turned off.
  • the light containing fingerprint information can pass through the light shielding layer 40 in sequence.
  • the first optical element 101 are received by the fingerprint sensor for fingerprint recognition; at the same time, the second light source assembly 20 provides backlight for the non-sensing area 302 , that is, the light emitted by the second light source assembly 20 directly reaches the non-sensing area 302 .
  • the first optical element 101 is controlled by voltage to be in a scattering state, and the first light source 102 is turned on.
  • the first optical element 101 , the first light source 102 and the light shielding layer 40 cooperate together to provide a backlight for the sensing area 301 That is, the light emitted by the first light source 102 sequentially passes through the first optical element 101 and the light shielding layer 40 to reach the sensing area 301; at the same time, the second light source assembly 20 provides backlight for the non-sensing area 302, that is, the second The light emitted by the light source assembly 20 directly reaches the non-sensing area 302 .
  • the first optical element 101 is controlled by voltage to be in a transparent state, and the first light source 102 is turned off. At this time, the light containing fingerprint information can pass through the first optical element in sequence.
  • the element 101 and the light shielding layer 40 are received by the fingerprint sensor for fingerprint identification; at the same time, the second light source assembly 20 provides backlight for the non-sensing area 302 , that is, the light emitted by the second light source assembly 20 directly reaches the non-sensing area 302 .
  • the first optical element 101 is controlled by voltage to be in a scattering state, and the first light source 102 is turned on.
  • the first optical element 101 , the first light source 102 and the light shielding layer 40 cooperate together to provide a backlight for the sensing area 301 , that is, the light emitted by the first light source 102 sequentially passes through the light shielding layer 40 and the first optical element 101 to reach the sensing area 301; at the same time, the second light source assembly 20 provides backlight for the non-sensing area 302, that is, the second light source The light emitted by the assembly 20 directly reaches the non-sensing area 302 .
  • the first optical element 101 is controlled by voltage to be transparent, and the first light source 102 is turned off.
  • the light containing fingerprint information can pass through the light shielding layer 40 in sequence.
  • the first optical element 101 and the light shielding layer 40 are received by the fingerprint sensor for fingerprint identification; at the same time, the second light source assembly 20 provides backlight for the non-sensing area 302, that is, the light emitted by the second light source assembly 20 directly reaches the non-sensing area 302. Sensing area 302 .
  • the first optical element 101 is controlled by voltage to be in a scattering state, and the first light source 102 is turned on.
  • the first optical element 101 , the first light source 102 and the light shielding layer 40 cooperate together to provide a backlight for the sensing area 301 That is, the light emitted by the first light source 102 sequentially passes through the light shielding layer 40, the first optical element 101 and the light shielding layer 40 to reach the sensing area 301; at the same time, the second light source assembly 20 provides backlight for the non-sensing area 302, That is, the light emitted by the second light source assembly 20 directly reaches the non-sensing area 302 .
  • the fingerprint sensor in order to prevent the light shielding layer 40 located directly above and/or below the first optical element 101 from blocking the light containing fingerprint information, the fingerprint sensor can be made into a sensor array similar in structure to the light shielding layer 40, and the The structure of the light shielding layer 40 is optimized to minimize the influence of the light shielding layer 40 on the shielding of the light containing fingerprint information.
  • the first optical element 101 includes a first substrate and a second substrate, and a liquid crystal sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate, the first substrate and the second substrate are both Made from transparent materials, the liquid crystals are polymer dispersed liquid crystals or polymer network liquid crystals.
  • the second light source assembly 20 includes: a second optical element and a second light source, wherein the second optical element includes a reflective sheet, a light guide plate, a diffuser sheet and a prism sheet arranged in layers, The second light source is located on the side of the second optical element or on the side of the second optical element away from the liquid crystal display panel 30 .
  • the cross-sectional shapes of different gratings are rectangles with the same size, so as to avoid uneven display.
  • the value range of the width w of the grating is 1-50 ⁇ m
  • the value range of the height h of the grating is 1-100 ⁇ m. Since different values of the aspect ratio h/w can achieve different viewing angle ranges, the specific values of h and w can be determined according to the actual viewing angle range requirements.
  • the widths of different light-transmitting gaps are equal.
  • the shapes of different gratings can also be different from each other, the sizes of different gratings can also be different from each other, the widths of different light-transmitting gaps can also be different from each other, and the cross-sectional shape of any one of the gratings can also be other shapes that can reduce the incidence of incident light.
  • the shape of the viewing angle of the light such as a circle, an ellipse, etc., is not specifically limited here.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a liquid crystal display device 1 , the liquid crystal display device 1 includes a liquid crystal display panel 30 , a sensor and the backlight module provided by any of the above embodiments, and the sensor is located in the backlight module.
  • the side away from the liquid crystal display panel 30 is disposed corresponding to the sensing area 301 . Since the specific structure and working principle of the liquid crystal display device 1 have been described in detail in the above-mentioned embodiments, they will not be repeated here.
  • the liquid crystal display device 1 may specifically be a mobile phone, a computer, a smart wearable device, etc., which is not specifically limited here.
  • the backlight module provided by the above embodiment can ensure a narrow viewing angle of the light incident on the liquid crystal display panel, thereby improving the uniformity of the backlight, the backlight module provided by the above embodiment is applied to the liquid crystal display device 1 , the display effect of the liquid crystal display device 1 can be improved.

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Abstract

一种背光模组及液晶显示装置（1），背光模组包括：第一光学元件（101），能够在透明状态和散射状态之间切换；第一光源（102）；遮光层（40），布置于第一光源（102）发出的光线到达液晶显示面板（30）途经的光路上，遮光层（40）包括若干间隔设置的光栅，每一光栅由遮光材料制得，任意相邻的两个光栅之间形成透光间隙，以提高背光的均匀性。

Description

背光模组及液晶显示装置 技术领域
本申请涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种背光模组及液晶显示装置。
 背景技术
目前，液晶显示装置的屏幕逐渐向全面屏发展，然而，越来越高的屏占比使得屏幕区域已无法放置指纹传感器和摄像头等传感器，于是，屏下传感技术应运而生。屏下传感技术指的是将传感器设置在屏幕下方，为了提高屏下传感器的精度，通常在液晶显示装置中引入能够在透明状态和散射状态之间进行切换的背光模组，但是该背光模组发出的光线的视角较大，会导致背光不均匀，影响液晶显示装置的显示效果。
 技术问题
本申请提供一种背光模组及液晶显示装置，以解决现有的液晶显示装置显示效果差的问题。
 技术解决方案
第一方面，本申请提供一种背光模组，用于向液晶显示面板提供背光，所述液晶显示面板包括传感区和非传感区，所述背光模组包括第一光源组件和遮光层，所述第一光源组件包括第一光学元件和第一光源；其中，所述第一光学元件能够在透明状态和散射状态之间进行切换；所述第一光源位于所述第一光学元件的侧面或所述第一光学元件远离所述液晶显示面板的一侧；所述遮光层布置于所述第一光源发出的光线到达所述液晶显示面板途径的光路上，所述遮光层包括若干间隔设置的光栅，每一所述光栅由遮光材料制得，任意相邻的两个所述光栅之间形成透光间隙。
在一些实施例中，所述第一光学元件包括第一区域和第二区域，所述第一区域对应所述传感区设置，所述第二区域对应所述非传感区设置，所述第一区域能够被控制以在透明状态和散射状态之间进行切换。
在一些实施例中，所述第一光源位于所述第一光学元件的侧面，所述遮光层布置于所述第一光学元件与所述液晶显示面板之间。
在一些实施例中，所述第一光源位于所述第一光学元件远离所述液晶显示面板的一侧，所述遮光层布置于所述第一光学元件与所述液晶显示面板之间和/或所述第一光源与所述第一光学元件之间。
在一些实施例中，所述第一光源位于所述第一光学元件远离所述液晶显示面板的一侧，且对应所述传感区设置，所述遮光层布置于所述第一光学元件与所述液晶显示面板之间和/或所述第一光源与所述第一光学元件之间，且对应所述传感区设置；
所述背光模组还包括第二光源组件，所述第二光源组件位于所述第一光学元件远离所述液晶显示面板的一侧，且对应所述非传感区设置。
在一些实施例中，所述第一光学元件对应所述传感区设置，所述第一光源位于所述第一光学元件的侧面，所述遮光层布置于所述第一光学元件与所述液晶显示面板之间，且对应所述传感区设置；
所述背光模组还包括第二光源组件，所述第二光源组件位于所述第一光学元件与所述液晶显示面板之间，且对应所述非传感区设置。
在一些实施例中，所述第一光学元件对应所述传感区设置，所述第一光源位于所述第一光学元件远离所述液晶显示面板的一侧，所述遮光层布置于所述第一光学元件与所述液晶显示面板和/或所述第一光源与所述第一光学元件之间，且对应所述传感区设置；
所述背光模组还包括第二光源组件，所述第二光源组件位于所述第一光学元件与所述液晶显示面板之间，且对应所述非传感区设置。
在一些实施例中，不同的所述光栅的截面形状为大小相同的矩形，其中，所述光栅的宽度的取值范围为1-50μm，所述光栅的高度的取值范围为1-100μm。
在一些实施例中，所述第一光学元件包括第一基板和第二基板，以及夹设于所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间的液晶，所述第一基板和所述第二基板均由透明材料制得，所述液晶为聚合物分散液晶或聚合物网状液晶。
在一些实施例中，所述第二光源组件包括第二光学元件和第二光源；其中，所述第二光学元件包括层叠设置的反射片、导光板、扩散片和棱镜片，所述第二光源位于所述第二光学元件的侧面或所述第二光学元件远离所述液晶显示面板的一侧。
第二方面，本申请提供一种液晶显示装置，所述液晶显示装置包括液晶显示面板、传感器和背光模组；
所述液晶显示面板包括传感区和非传感区；
所述背光模组，用于向所述液晶显示面板提供背光，所述背光模组包括第一光源组件和遮光层，所述第一光源组件包括第一光学元件和第一光源；其中，所述第一光学元件能够在透明状态和散射状态之间进行切换；所述第一光源位于所述第一光学元件的侧面或所述第一光学元件远离所述液晶显示面板的一侧；所述遮光层布置于所述第一光源发出的光线到达所述液晶显示面板途径的光路上，所述遮光层包括若干间隔设置的光栅，每一所述光栅由遮光材料制得，任意相邻的两个所述光栅之间形成透光间隙；
所述传感器位于所述背光模组远离所述液晶显示面板的一侧，且对应所述传感区设置。
在一些实施例中，所述第一光学元件包括第一区域和第二区域，所述第一区域对应所述传感区设置，所述第二区域对应所述非传感区设置，所述第一区域能够被控制以在透明状态和散射状态之间进行切换。
在一些实施例中，所述第一光源位于所述第一光学元件的侧面，所述遮光层布置于所述第一光学元件与所述液晶显示面板之间。
在一些实施例中，所述第一光源位于所述第一光学元件远离所述液晶显示面板的一侧，所述遮光层布置于所述第一光学元件与所述液晶显示面板之间和/或所述第一光源与所述第一光学元件之间。
在一些实施例中，所述第一光源位于所述第一光学元件远离所述液晶显示面板的一侧，且对应所述传感区设置，所述遮光层布置于所述第一光学元件与所述液晶显示面板之间和/或所述第一光源与所述第一光学元件之间，且对应所述传感区设置；
所述背光模组还包括第二光源组件，所述第二光源组件位于所述第一光学元件远离所述液晶显示面板的一侧，且对应所述非传感区设置。
在一些实施例中，所述第一光学元件对应所述传感区设置，所述第一光源位于所述第一光学元件的侧面，所述遮光层布置于所述第一光学元件与所述液晶显示面板之间，且对应所述传感区设置；
所述背光模组还包括第二光源组件，所述第二光源组件位于所述第一光学元件与所述液晶显示面板之间，且对应所述非传感区设置。
在一些实施例中，所述第一光学元件对应所述传感区设置，所述第一光源位于所述第一光学元件远离所述液晶显示面板的一侧，所述遮光层布置于所述第一光学元件与所述液晶显示面板和/或所述第一光源与所述第一光学元件之间，且对应所述传感区设置；
所述背光模组还包括第二光源组件，所述第二光源组件位于所述第一光学元件与所述液晶显示面板之间，且对应所述非传感区设置。
在一些实施例中，不同的所述光栅的截面形状为大小相同的矩形，其中，所述光栅的宽度的取值范围为1-50μm，所述光栅的高度的取值范围为1-100μm。
在一些实施例中，所述第一光学元件包括第一基板和第二基板，以及夹设于所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间的液晶，所述第一基板和所述第二基板均由透明材料制得，所述液晶为聚合物分散液晶或聚合物网状液晶。
在一些实施例中，所述第二光源组件包括第二光学元件和第二光源；其中，所述第二光学元件包括层叠设置的反射片、导光板、扩散片和棱镜片，所述第二光源位于所述第二光学元件的侧面或所述第二光学元件远离所述液晶显示面板的一侧。
 有益效果
本申请提供的背光模组，用于向液晶显示面板提供背光，所述背光模组包括第一光源组件，所述第一光源组件包括：第一光学元件，能够在透明状态和散射状态之间进行切换，第一光源，位于所述第一光学元件的侧面或所述第一光学元件远离所述液晶显示面板的一侧；遮光层，布置于所述第一光源发出的光线到达所述液晶显示面板途经的光路上，所述遮光层包括若干间隔设置的光栅，每一所述光栅由遮光材料制得，任意相邻的两个所述光栅之间形成透光间隙。通过在液晶显示装置中设置遮光层，能够保证入射至液晶显示面板的光线的视角较窄，从而提高背光的均匀性，进而提升液晶显示装置的显示效果。
 附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的遮光层的结构示意图。
图2为本申请实施例提供的第一种液晶显示装置的结构示意图。
图3为本申请实施例提供的第二种液晶显示装置的结构示意图。
图4为本申请实施例提供的第三种液晶显示装置的结构示意图。
图5为本申请实施例提供的第四种液晶显示装置的结构示意图。
图6为本申请实施例提供的第五种液晶显示装置的结构示意图。
图7为本申请实施例提供的第六种液晶显示装置的结构示意图。
图8为本申请实施例提供的第七种液晶显示装置的结构示意图。
图9为本申请实施例提供的第八种液晶显示装置的结构示意图。
图10为本申请实施例提供的第九种液晶显示装置的结构示意图。
图11为本申请实施例提供的第十种液晶显示装置的结构示意图。
图12为本申请实施例提供的第十一种液晶显示装置的结构示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
为使本申请的目的、技术方案及效果更加清楚、明确，以下参照附图并举实施例对本申请进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本申请，并不用于限定本申请。
本申请实施例提供一种背光模组，将该背光模组应用于液晶显示装置中，可以保证入射至液晶显示面板的光线的视角较窄，从而提高背光的均匀性，进而提升液晶显示装置的显示效果。将该背光模组应用于液晶显示装置中得到的液晶显示装置包括：
液晶显示面板、背光模组和传感器。其中，液晶显示面板包括传感区和非传感区。传感区指的是与传感器对应的区域，传感器可以为指纹传感器或摄像头，若传感器为指纹传感器，则包含指纹信息的光线可以穿过该区域射入至指纹传感器中进行指纹识别；若传感器为摄像头，则包含外界影像信息的光线可以穿过该区域射入至对应的摄像头进行成像，后文将传感器举例为指纹传感器来对该液晶显示装置进行详细说明。非传感区指的是液晶显示面板中除去传感区之外的区域，用于显示画面。
背光模组包括第一光学元件和第一光源。
第一光学元件能够在透明状态和散射状态之间进行切换，第一光学元件可以包括相对设置的第一基板和第二基板，以及夹设于第一基板和第二基板之间的液晶，第一基板和第二基板均由透明材料制得，液晶为聚合物分散液晶或聚合物网状液晶。在电压的控制下，液晶能够在透明状态和散射状态之间进行切换，从而使第一光学元件在透明状态和散射状态之间进行切换。
第一光源可以为侧入式光源或直下式光源，具体而言，若第一光源为侧入式光源，则第一光源位于第一光学元件的侧面；若第一光源为直下式光源，则第一光源位于第一光学元件远离液晶显示面板的一侧。第一光源可以为发光二极管、迷你发光二极管或微型发光二极管，此处不作具体限定。
遮光层布置于第一光源发出的光线到达液晶显示面板途经的光路上，遮光层包括若干间隔设置的光栅，每一光栅由遮光材料制得，任意相邻的两个光栅之间形成透光间隙。
图1为本申请实施例提供的遮光层的结构示意图，如图1所示，遮光层呈百叶窗结构，其包括若干间隔设置的光栅（图1所示的填充黑色的矩形区域），每一光栅由遮光材料制得，任意相邻的两个光栅之间形成透光间隙，以使入射至遮光层的光线部分通过。其中，不同的光栅的形状可相同或不同，不同的光栅的大小可相同或不同，相邻的两个光栅之间的透光间隙的宽度可相等或不等。在本申请实施例中，不同的光栅的形状和大小均相同，每一光栅的截面形状均为矩形，且相邻的两个光栅之间的透光间隙的宽度均相等。定义光栅的宽度为w，光栅的高度为h，光栅的周期也即一个光栅与相邻的一个透光间隙的宽度之和为p，则从遮光层中通过的光线的视角θ为：θ=arctan[(p-w)/h]。从图1中可以看出，对于入射至遮光层的光线，遮光层能够阻挡视角大于θ的光线通过，而仅使视角小于或等于θ的光线通过。因此，将遮光层设置在第一光源发出的光线到达液晶显示面板途经的光路上，能够保证入射至液晶显示面板的光线的视角较窄，从而提高背光的均匀性，进而提升液晶显示装置的显示效果。
本申请实施例中的背光模组具有多种结构，将不同结构的背光模组分别应用于液晶显示装置中得到的液晶显示装置分别如图2-12所示，以下结合图2-12对背光模组及液晶显示装置进行详细说明。
图2为本申请实施例提供的第一种液晶显示装置的结构示意图，如图2所示，液晶显示装置1包括液晶显示面板30、背光模组和传感器（图2未示出）。
其中，液晶显示面板30包括传感区301和非传感区302。
背光模组包括第一光源组件10和遮光层40，第一光源组件10包括第一光学元件101和第一光源102，第一光源102位于第一光学元件101的侧面，遮光层40布置于第一光学元件101与液晶显示面板30之间。
具体而言，图2所示的第一光学元件101在液晶显示面板30上的投影完全覆盖液晶显示面板30，遮光层40与第一光学元件101的长度相等。
其中，第一光学元件101包括第一区域1011和第二区域1012，第一区域1011对应传感区301设置，第二区域1012对应于非传感区302设置，第一区域1011和第二区域1012能够分别被控制以在透明状态和散射状态之间切换。以下对图2所示的液晶显示装置1的工作过程进行说明：
在指纹识别时，通过电压控制第一区域1011呈透明状态，并将第一区域1011附近的第一光源102关闭，此时包含指纹信息的光线可依次穿过遮光层40和第一区域1011被指纹传感器接收以进行指纹识别；与此同时，通过电压控制第二区域1012呈散射状态，并将第二区域1012附近的第一光源102打开，此时第二区域1012、第一光源102和遮光层40共同配合为非传感区302提供背光，即，第一光源102发出的光线依次穿过第二区域1012和遮光层40到达非传感区302。在正常显示时，通过电压控制第一光学元件101呈散射状态，并将第一光源102打开，此时第一光学元件101、第一光源102和遮光层40共同配合为液晶显示面板30提供背光，即，第一光源102发出的光线依次穿过第一光学元件101和遮光层40到达液晶显示面板30。
需要说明的是，为了避免位于第一区域1011正上方的遮光层40遮挡包含指纹信息的光线，可以将指纹传感器制作为与遮光层40的结构类似的传感器阵列，并对遮光层40的结构进行优化，以尽可能降低遮光层40对包含指纹信息的光线的遮挡所造成的影响。
图3为本申请实施例提供的第二种液晶显示装置的结构示意图，图4为本申请实施例提供的第三种液晶显示装置的结构示意图，图5为本申请实施例提供的第四种液晶显示装置的结构示意图，如图3、图4和图5所示，液晶显示装置1包括液晶显示面板30、背光模组和传感器（图3未示出）。
其中，液晶显示面板30包括传感区301和非传感区302。
背光模组包括第一光源组件10和遮光层40，第一光源组件10包括第一光学元件101和第一光源102，第一光源102位于第一光学元件101远离液晶显示面板30的一侧，遮光层40布置于第一光学元件101与液晶显示面板30之间（具体请参阅图3），或第一光源102与第一光学元件101之间（具体请参阅图4），或第一光学元件101与液晶显示面板30之间和第一光源102与第一光学元件101之间（具体请参阅图5）。
具体而言，图3、图4和图5所示的第一光学元件101在液晶显示面板30上的投影完全覆盖液晶显示面板30，遮光层40与第一光学元件101的长度相等。
其中，第一光学元件101包括第一区域1011和第二区域1012，第一区域1011对应传感区301设置，第二区域1012对应于非传感区302设置，第一区域1011和第二区域1012能够分别被控制以在透明状态和散射状态之间切换。以下分别对图3、图4和图5所示的液晶显示装置1的工作过程进行说明：
对于图3所示的液晶显示装置1，在指纹识别时，通过电压控制第一区域1011呈透明状态，并将第一区域1011附近的第一光源102关闭，此时包含指纹信息的光线可依次穿过遮光层40和第一区域1011被指纹传感器接收以进行指纹识别；与此同时，通过电压控制第二区域1012呈散射状态，并将第二区域1012附近的第一光源102打开，此时第二区域1012、第一光源102和遮光层40共同配合为非传感区302提供背光，即，第一光源102发出的光线依次穿过第二区域1012和遮光层40到达非传感区302。在正常显示时，通过电压控制第一光学元件101呈散射状态，并将第一光源102打开，此时第一光学元件101、第一光源102和遮光层40共同配合为液晶显示面板30提供背光，即，第一光源102发出的光线依次穿过第一光学元件101和遮光层40到达液晶显示面板30。
对于图4所示的液晶显示装置1，在指纹识别时，通过电压控制第一区域1011呈透明状态，并将第一区域1011附近的第一光源102关闭，此时包含指纹信息的光线可依次穿过第一区域1011和遮光层40被指纹传感器接收以进行指纹识别；与此同时，通过电压控制第二区域1012呈散射状态，并将第二区域1012附近的第一光源102打开，此时第二区域1012、第一光源102和遮光层40共同配合为非传感区302提供背光，即，第一光源102发出的光线依次穿过遮光层40和第二区域1012到达非传感区302。在正常显示时，通过电压控制第一光学元件101呈散射状态，并将第一光源102打开，此时第一光学元件101、第一光源102和遮光层40共同配合为液晶显示面板30提供背光，即，第一光源102发出的光线依次穿过遮光层40和第一光学元件101到达液晶显示面板30。
对于图5所示的液晶显示装置1，在指纹识别时，通过电压控制第一区域1011呈透明状态，并将第一区域1011附近的第一光源102关闭，此时包含指纹信息的光线可依次穿过遮光层40、第一区域1011和遮光层40被指纹传感器接收以进行指纹识别；与此同时，通过电压控制第二区域1012呈散射状态，并将第二区域1012附近的第一光源102打开，此时第二区域1012、第一光源102和遮光层40共同配合为非传感区302提供背光，即，第一光源102发出的光线依次穿过遮光层40、第二区域1012和遮光层40到达非传感区302。在正常显示时，通过电压控制第一光学元件101呈散射状态，并将第一光源102打开，此时第一光学元件101、第一光源102和遮光层40共同配合为液晶显示面板30提供背光，即，第一光源102发出的光线依次穿过遮光层40、第一光学元件101和遮光层40到达液晶显示面板30。
需要说明的是，为了避免位于第一区域1011正上方和/或正下方的遮光层40遮挡包含指纹信息的光线，可以将指纹传感器制作为与遮光层40的结构类似的传感器阵列，并对遮光层40的结构进行优化，以尽可能降低遮光层40对包含指纹信息的光线的遮挡所造成的影响。
图6为本申请实施例提供的第五种液晶显示装置的结构示意图，图7为本申请实施例提供的第六种液晶显示装置的结构示意图，图8为本申请实施例提供的第七种液晶显示装置的结构示意图，如图6、图7和图8所示，液晶显示装置1包括液晶显示面板30、背光模组和传感器。
其中，液晶显示面板30包括传感区301和非传感区302。
背光模组包括第一光源组件10、第二光源组件20和遮光层40。第一光源组件10包括第一区域1011和第二区域1012，第一区域1011对应传感区301设置，第二区域1012对应于非传感区302设置，第一区域1011和第二区域1012能够分别被控制在透明状态和散射状态之间切换。
第二光源组件20发出的光线穿过第二区域1012到达液晶显示面板30，第一光源102发出的光穿过第一区域1011和遮光层40到达液晶显示面板30。
具体而言，图6、图7和图8所示的第一光学元件101在液晶显示面板30上的投影完全覆盖液晶显示面板30，第一光源102位于第一光学元件101远离液晶显示面板30的一侧，且对应传感区301设置，遮光层40布置于第一光学元件101与液晶显示面板30之间（具体请参阅图6），或第一光源102与第一光学元件101之间（具体请参阅图7），或第一光学元件101与液晶显示面板30之间和第一光源102与第一光学元件101之间（具体请参阅图8），且对应传感区301设置。
第二光源组件20，位于第一光学元件101远离液晶显示面板30的一侧，且对应非传感区302设置。第二光源组件20与第一光源组件10不同，其不具有在透明状态和散射状态之间切换的功能，第二光源组件20可以包括第二光学元件和第二光源，其中，在沿第一光源组件10到液晶显示面板30的方向上，第二光学元件可以依次包括层叠设置的反射片、导光板、扩散片和棱镜片，第二光源位于第二光学元件的侧面或第二光学元件远离液晶显示面板30的一侧。
需要说明的是，图7所示的液晶显示装置1中的遮光层40和图8所示的液晶显示装置1中远离液晶显示面板30的遮光层40可分别与第一光学元件101和第二光源组件20贴合。在其他实施例中，遮光层40还可往下平移一段距离，即仅与第二光源组件20贴合。
以下分别对图6、图7和图8所示的液晶显示装置1的工作过程进行说明：
对于图6所示的液晶显示装置1，在指纹识别时，通过电压控制第一光学元件101呈透明状态，并将第一光源102关闭，此时包含指纹信息的光线可依次穿过遮光层40和第一区域1011被指纹传感器接收以进行指纹识别；与此同时，第二光源组件20为非传感区302提供背光，即，第二光源组件20发出的光线穿过第二区域1012到达非传感区302。在正常显示时，通过电压控制第一光学元件101呈散射状态，并将第一光源102打开，此时第一光学元件101、第一光源102和遮光层40共同配合为传感区301提供背光，即，第一光源102发出的光线依次穿过第一光学元件101和遮光层40到达传感区301；与此同时，第二光源组件20为非传感区302提供背光，即，第二光源组件20发出的光线穿过第二区域1012到达非传感区302。
对于图7所示的液晶显示装置1，在指纹识别时，通过电压控制第一光学元件101呈透明状态，并将第一光源102关闭，此时包含指纹信息的光线可依次穿过第一区域1011和遮光层40被指纹传感器接收以进行指纹识别；与此同时，第二光源组件20为非传感区302提供背光，即，第二光源组件20发出的光线穿过第二区域1012到达非传感区302。在正常显示时，通过电压控制第一光学元件101呈散射状态，并将第一光源102打开，此时第一光学元件101、第一光源102和遮光层40共同配合为传感区301提供背光，即第一光源102发出的光线依次穿过遮光层40和第一区域1011到达传感区301；与此同时，第二光源组件20为非传感区302提供背光，即，第二光源组件20发出的光线穿过第二区域1012到达非传感区302。
对于图8所示的液晶显示装置1，在指纹识别时，通过电压控制第一光学元件101呈透明状态，并将第一光源102关闭，此时包含指纹信息的光线可依次穿过遮光层40、第一区域1011和遮光层40被指纹传感器接收以进行指纹识别；与此同时，第二光源组件20为非传感区302提供背光，即，第二光源组件20发出的光线穿过第二区域1012到达非传感区302。在正常显示时，通过电压控制第一光学元件101呈散射状态，并将第一光源102打开，此时第一光学元件101、第一光源102和遮光层40共同配合为传感区301提供背光，即，第一光源102发出的光线依次穿过遮光层40、第一光学元件101和遮光层40到达传感区301；与此同时，第二光源组件20为非传感区302提供背光，即，第二光源组件20发出的光线穿过第二区域1012到达非传感区302。
需要说明的是，为了避免位于第一光学元件101正上方和/或正下方的遮光层40遮挡包含指纹信息的光线，可以将指纹传感器制作为与遮光层40的结构类似的传感器阵列，并对遮光层40的结构进行优化，以尽可能降低遮光层40对包含指纹信息的光线的遮挡所造成的影响。
图9为本申请实施例提供的第八种液晶显示装置的结构示意图，如图9所示，液晶显示装置1包括液晶显示面板30、背光模组和传感器。
其中，液晶显示面板30包括传感区301和非传感区302。
背光模组包括第一光源组件10、第二光源组件20和遮光层40。第二光源组件20与第一光源组件10分别为液晶显示面板30的不同区域提供背光。
具体而言，图9所示的第一光学元件101对应传感区301设置，即，其在液晶显示面板30上的投影完全仅覆盖传感区301，第一光源102位于第一光学元件101的侧面，遮光层40位于第一光学元件101与液晶显示面板30之间，且对应传感区301设置。
第二光源组件20，位于液晶显示面板30靠近第一光源组件10的一侧，且对应非传感区302设置。第二光源组件20与第一光源组件10不同，其不具有在透明状态和散射状态之间切换的功能，第二光源组件20可以包括第二光学元件和第二光源，其中，在沿第一光源组件10到液晶显示面板30的方向上，第二光学元件可以依次包括层叠设置的反射片、导光板、扩散片和棱镜片，第二光源位于第二光学元件的侧面或第二光学元件远离液晶显示面板30的一侧。
需要说明的是，对于图9所示的液晶显示装置1，遮光层40还可往上平移一段距离，此处不作具体限定。
以下对图9所示的液晶显示装置1的工作过程进行说明：
在指纹识别时，通过电压控制第一光学元件101呈透明状态，并将第一光源102关闭，此时包含指纹信息的光线可依次穿过遮光层40和第一光学元件101被指纹传感器接收以进行指纹识别；与此同时，第二光源组件20为非传感区302提供背光，即，第二光源组件20发出的光线直接到达非传感区302。在正常显示时，通过电压控制第一光学元件101呈散射状态，并将第一光源102打开，此时第一光学元件101、第一光源102和遮光层40共同配合为传感区301提供背光，即第一光源102发出的光线依次穿过第一光学元件101和遮光层40到达传感区301；与此同时，第二光源组件20为非传感区302提供背光，即，第二光源组件20发出的光线直接到达非传感区302。
需要说明的是，为了避免位于第一光学元件101正上方的遮光层40遮挡包含指纹信息的光线，可以将指纹传感器制作为与遮光层40的结构类似的传感器阵列，并对遮光层40的结构进行优化，以尽可能降低遮光层40对包含指纹信息的光线的遮挡所造成的影响。
图10为本申请实施例提供的第九种液晶显示装置的结构示意图，图11为本申请实施例提供的第十种液晶显示装置的结构示意图，图12为本申请实施例提供的第十一种液晶显示装置的结构示意图，如图10、图11和图12所示，液晶显示装置1包括液晶显示面板30、背光模组和传感器。
其中，液晶显示面板30包括传感区301和非传感区302。
背光模组包括第一光源组件10、第二光源组件20和遮光层40。第二光源组件20与第一光源组件10分别为液晶显示面板30的不同区域提供背光。
具体而言，图10、图11和图12所示的第一光学元件101对应传感区301设置，即，其在液晶显示面板30上的投影仅覆盖传感区301，第一光源102位于第一光学元件101远离液晶显示面板30的一侧，且对应传感区301设置，遮光层40位于第一光学元件101与液晶显示面板30之间（具体请参阅图10），或第一光源102与第一光学元件101之间（具体请参阅图11），或第一光学元件101与液晶显示面板30之间和第一光源102与第一光学元件101之间（具体请参阅图12），且对应传感区301设置。
第二光源组件20，位于液晶显示面板30靠近第一光源组件10的一侧，且对应非传感区302设置。第二光源组件20与第一光源组件10不同，其不具有在透明状态和散射状态之间切换的功能，第二光源组件20可以包括第二光学元件和第二光源，其中，在沿第一光源组件10到液晶显示面板30的方向上，第二光学元件可以依次包括层叠设置的反射片、导光板、扩散片和棱镜片，第二光源位于第二光学元件的侧面或第二光学元件远离液晶显示面板30的一侧。
需要说明的是，图10所示的液晶显示装置1中的遮光层40和图12所示的液晶显示装置1中靠近液晶显示面板30的遮光层40还可往上平移一段距离，此处不作具体限定。对于图11所示的液晶显示装置1，第一光学元件101还可往上平移一段距离，此处不作具体限定。
以下分别对图10、图11和图12所示的液晶显示装置1的工作过程进行说明：
对于图10所示的液晶显示装置1，在指纹识别时，通过电压控制第一光学元件101呈透明状态，并将第一光源102关闭，此时包含指纹信息的光线可依次穿过遮光层40和第一光学元件101被指纹传感器接收以进行指纹识别；与此同时，第二光源组件20为非传感区302提供背光，即第二光源组件20发出的光线直接到达非传感区302。在正常显示时，通过电压控制第一光学元件101呈散射状态，并将第一光源102打开，此时第一光学元件101、第一光源102和遮光层40共同配合为传感区301提供背光，即，第一光源102发出的光线依次穿过第一光学元件101和遮光层40到达传感区301；与此同时，第二光源组件20为非传感区302提供背光，即，第二光源组件20发出的光线直接到达非传感区302。
对于图11所示的液晶显示装置1，在指纹识别时，通过电压控制第一光学元件101呈透明状态，并将第一光源102关闭，此时包含指纹信息的光线可依次穿过第一光学元件101和遮光层40被指纹传感器接收以进行指纹识别；与此同时，第二光源组件20为非传感区302提供背光，即第二光源组件20发出的光线直接到达非传感区302。在正常显示时，通过电压控制第一光学元件101呈散射状态，并将第一光源102打开，此时第一光学元件101、第一光源102和遮光层40共同配合为传感区301提供背光，即第一光源102发出的光线依次穿过遮光层40和第一光学元件101到达传感区301；与此同时，第二光源组件20为非传感区302提供背光，即，第二光源组件20发出的光线直接到达非传感区302。
对于图12所示的液晶显示装置1，在指纹识别时，通过电压控制第一光学元件101呈透明状态，并将第一光源102关闭，此时包含指纹信息的光线可依次穿过遮光层40、第一光学元件101和遮光层40被指纹传感器接收以进行指纹识别；与此同时，第二光源组件20为非传感区302提供背光，即第二光源组件20发出的光线直接到达非传感区302。在正常显示时，通过电压控制第一光学元件101呈散射状态，并将第一光源102打开，此时第一光学元件101、第一光源102和遮光层40共同配合为传感区301提供背光，即，第一光源102发出的光线依次穿过遮光层40、第一光学元件101和遮光层40到达传感区301；与此同时，第二光源组件20为非传感区302提供背光，即，第二光源组件20发出的光线直接到达非传感区302。
需要说明的是，为了避免位于第一光学元件101正上方和/或正下方的遮光层40遮挡包含指纹信息的光线，可以将指纹传感器制作为与遮光层40的结构类似的传感器阵列，并对遮光层40的结构进行优化，以尽可能降低遮光层40对包含指纹信息的光线的遮挡所造成的影响。
基于上述实施例，在本申请实施例中，第一光学元件101包括第一基板和第二基板，以及夹设于第一基板和第二基板之间的液晶，第一基板和第二基板均由透明材料制得，液晶为聚合物分散液晶或聚合物网状液晶。
基于上述实施例，在本申请实施例中，第二光源组件20包括：第二光学元件和第二光源，其中，第二光学元件包括层叠设置的反射片、导光板、扩散片和棱镜片，第二光源位于第二光学元件的侧面或第二光学元件远离液晶显示面板30的一侧。
基于上述实施例，在本申请实施例中，不同的光栅的截面形状为大小相同的矩形，以避免显示不均的情况发生。其中，光栅的宽度w的取值范围为1-50μm，光栅的高度h的取值范围为1-100μm。由于不同的纵宽比h/w值可实现不同的视角范围，可以根据实际视角范围需求来确定h和w的具体取值。优选地，不同的透光间隙的宽度相等。在其他实施例中，不同的光栅的形状还可彼此不同，不同的光栅的大小也可彼此不同，不同的透光间隙的宽度可以彼此不同，任意一个光栅的截面形状还可为其他能够缩小入射光线的视角的形状，例如圆形、椭圆形等，此处不作具体限定。
请参阅图2-12，本申请实施例还提供一种液晶显示装置1，该液晶显示装置1包括液晶显示面板30、传感器和上述任一实施例所提供的背光模组，传感器位于背光模组远离液晶显示面板30的一侧，且对应传感区301设置。由于上述实施例已对液晶显示装置1的具体结构和工作原理进行了详细说明，因此此处不再赘述。该液晶显示装置1具体可以为手机、电脑以及智能可穿戴设备等，此处不作具体限定。由于上述实施例所提供的背光模组能够保证入射至液晶显示面板的光线的视角较窄，从而提高背光的均匀性，因此，将上述实施例所提供的背光模组应用于液晶显示装置1中，可以提升液晶显示装置1的显示效果。
可以理解的是，对本领域普通技术人员来说，可以根据本申请的技术方案及其申请构思加以等同替换或改变，而所有这些改变或替换都应属于本申请所附的权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种背光模组，用于向液晶显示面板提供背光，所述液晶显示面板包括传感区和非传感区，其中，所述背光模组包括第一光源组件和遮光层，所述第一光源组件包括第一光学元件和第一光源；其中，所述第一光学元件能够在透明状态和散射状态之间进行切换；所述第一光源位于所述第一光学元件的侧面或所述第一光学元件远离所述液晶显示面板的一侧；所述遮光层布置于所述第一光源发出的光线到达所述液晶显示面板途径的光路上，所述遮光层包括若干间隔设置的光栅，每一所述光栅由遮光材料制得，任意相邻的两个所述光栅之间形成透光间隙。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的背光模组，其中，所述第一光学元件包括第一区域和第二区域，所述第一区域对应所述传感区设置，所述第二区域对应所述非传感区设置，所述第一区域能够被控制以在透明状态和散射状态之间进行切换。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的背光模组，其中，所述第一光源位于所述第一光学元件的侧面，所述遮光层布置于所述第一光学元件与所述液晶显示面板之间。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的背光模组，其中，所述第一光源位于所述第一光学元件远离所述液晶显示面板的一侧，所述遮光层布置于所述第一光学元件与所述液晶显示面板之间和/或所述第一光源与所述第一光学元件之间。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的背光模组，其中，所述第一光源位于所述第一光学元件远离所述液晶显示面板的一侧，且对应所述传感区设置，所述遮光层布置于所述第一光学元件与所述液晶显示面板之间和/或所述第一光源与所述第一光学元件之间，且对应所述传感区设置；
    所述背光模组还包括第二光源组件，所述第二光源组件位于所述第一光学元件远离所述液晶显示面板的一侧，且对应所述非传感区设置。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的背光模组，其中，所述第一光学元件对应所述传感区设置，所述第一光源位于所述第一光学元件的侧面，所述遮光层布置于所述第一光学元件与所述液晶显示面板之间，且对应所述传感区设置；
    所述背光模组还包括第二光源组件，所述第二光源组件位于所述第一光学元件与所述液晶显示面板之间，且对应所述非传感区设置。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的背光模组，其中，所述第一光学元件对应所述传感区设置，所述第一光源位于所述第一光学元件远离所述液晶显示面板的一侧，所述遮光层布置于所述第一光学元件与所述液晶显示面板和/或所述第一光源与所述第一光学元件之间，且对应所述传感区设置；
    所述背光模组还包括第二光源组件，所述第二光源组件位于所述第一光学元件与所述液晶显示面板之间，且对应所述非传感区设置。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的背光模组，其中，不同的所述光栅的截面形状为大小相同的矩形，其中，所述光栅的宽度的取值范围为1-50μm，所述光栅的高度的取值范围为1-100μm。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的背光模组，其中，所述第一光学元件包括第一基板和第二基板，以及夹设于所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间的液晶，所述第一基板和所述第二基板均由透明材料制得，所述液晶为聚合物分散液晶或聚合物网状液晶。
  10. 根据权利要求5所述的背光模组，其中，所述第二光源组件包括第二光学元件和第二光源；其中，所述第二光学元件包括层叠设置的反射片、导光板、扩散片和棱镜片，所述第二光源位于所述第二光学元件的侧面或所述第二光学元件远离所述液晶显示面板的一侧。
  11. 一种液晶显示装置，其中，所述液晶显示装置包括液晶显示面板、传感器和背光模组；
    所述液晶显示面板包括传感区和非传感区；
    所述背光模组，用于向所述液晶显示面板提供背光，所述背光模组包括第一光源组件和遮光层，所述第一光源组件包括第一光学元件和第一光源；其中，所述第一光学元件能够在透明状态和散射状态之间进行切换；所述第一光源位于所述第一光学元件的侧面或所述第一光学元件远离所述液晶显示面板的一侧；所述遮光层布置于所述第一光源发出的光线到达所述液晶显示面板途径的光路上，所述遮光层包括若干间隔设置的光栅，每一所述光栅由遮光材料制得，任意相邻的两个所述光栅之间形成透光间隙；
    所述传感器位于所述背光模组远离所述液晶显示面板的一侧，且对应所述传感区设置。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的液晶显示装置，其中，所述第一光学元件包括第一区域和第二区域，所述第一区域对应所述传感区设置，所述第二区域对应所述非传感区设置，所述第一区域能够被控制以在透明状态和散射状态之间进行切换。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的液晶显示装置，其中，所述第一光源位于所述第一光学元件的侧面，所述遮光层布置于所述第一光学元件与所述液晶显示面板之间。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的液晶显示装置，其中，所述第一光源位于所述第一光学元件远离所述液晶显示面板的一侧，所述遮光层布置于所述第一光学元件与所述液晶显示面板之间和/或所述第一光源与所述第一光学元件之间。
  15. 根据权利要求12所述的液晶显示装置，其中，所述第一光源位于所述第一光学元件远离所述液晶显示面板的一侧，且对应所述传感区设置，所述遮光层布置于所述第一光学元件与所述液晶显示面板之间和/或所述第一光源与所述第一光学元件之间，且对应所述传感区设置；
    所述背光模组还包括第二光源组件，所述第二光源组件位于所述第一光学元件远离所述液晶显示面板的一侧，且对应所述非传感区设置。
  16. 根据权利要求11所述的液晶显示装置，其中，所述第一光学元件对应所述传感区设置，所述第一光源位于所述第一光学元件的侧面，所述遮光层布置于所述第一光学元件与所述液晶显示面板之间，且对应所述传感区设置；
    所述背光模组还包括第二光源组件，所述第二光源组件位于所述第一光学元件与所述液晶显示面板之间，且对应所述非传感区设置。
  17. 根据权利要求11所述的液晶显示装置，其中，所述第一光学元件对应所述传感区设置，所述第一光源位于所述第一光学元件远离所述液晶显示面板的一侧，所述遮光层布置于所述第一光学元件与所述液晶显示面板和/或所述第一光源与所述第一光学元件之间，且对应所述传感区设置；
    所述背光模组还包括第二光源组件，所述第二光源组件位于所述第一光学元件与所述液晶显示面板之间，且对应所述非传感区设置。
  18. 根据权利要求11所述的液晶显示装置，其中，不同的所述光栅的截面形状为大小相同的矩形，其中，所述光栅的宽度的取值范围为1-50μm，所述光栅的高度的取值范围为1-100μm。
  19. 根据权利要求11所述的液晶显示装置，其中，所述第一光学元件包括第一基板和第二基板，以及夹设于所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间的液晶，所述第一基板和所述第二基板均由透明材料制得，所述液晶为聚合物分散液晶或聚合物网状液晶。
  20. 根据权利要求15所述的液晶显示装置，其中，所述第二光源组件包括第二光学元件和第二光源；其中，所述第二光学元件包括层叠设置的反射片、导光板、扩散片和棱镜片，所述第二光源位于所述第二光学元件的侧面或所述第二光学元件远离所述液晶显示面板的一侧。
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