WO2022196338A1 - 電磁波反射装置、電磁波反射フェンス、及び電磁波反射装置の組み立て方法 - Google Patents
電磁波反射装置、電磁波反射フェンス、及び電磁波反射装置の組み立て方法 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0013—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective
- H01Q15/0026—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective said selective devices having a stacked geometry or having multiple layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0086—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices having materials with a synthesized negative refractive index, e.g. metamaterials or left-handed materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electromagnetic wave reflecting device, an electromagnetic wave reflecting fence, and a method for assembling the electromagnetic wave reflecting device.
- 5G 5th generation mobile communication system
- IoT Internet of Things
- Patent Document 1 A joint structure for translucent electromagnetic shielding plates used in buildings such as intelligent buildings has been proposed (see Patent Document 1, for example).
- 5G While 5G is expected to provide high-speed, large-capacity communications, it uses radio waves that travel in a straight line, so there may be places where it is difficult for radio waves to reach. In places where there are many metal machines, such as factories, and places where there is a lot of reflection from walls and roadside trees, such as in a building, a means of delivering radio waves to the target terminal device or wireless device is necessary. There are similar demands in medical sites, event venues, large-scale commercial facilities, and other places where base station antennas cannot be seen (NLOS: Non-Line-Of-Sight) spots.
- NLOS Non-Line-Of-Sight
- An object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic wave reflector that improves radio wave transmission for mobile communications indoors and outdoors.
- an electromagnetic wave reflector includes: A panel having a reflective surface that reflects radio waves in a desired band selected from a frequency band of 1 GHz to 170 GHz; a support that supports the panel; with The support has a conductive frame and a non-conductive cover covering at least a portion of the frame, the frame having a slit for receiving the edge of the panel and a hollow independent of the slit.
- the electromagnetic wave reflection device with the above configuration improves the radio wave propagation of mobile communication indoors and outdoors.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of radio wave propagation using the electromagnetic wave reflector of the embodiment; It is a figure explaining reflection in the same angle of reflection as an angle of incidence. It is a figure explaining reflection in a reflection angle different from an incidence angle. It is a figure explaining diffusion to a plurality of directions.
- 1 is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetic wave reflecting device according to an embodiment;
- FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetic wave reflection fence in which a plurality of panels are connected;
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a support;
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another configuration example of a support; It is a configuration example of a panel. It is another configuration example of the panel. It is still another configuration example of the panel. It is still another configuration example of the panel.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing edge processing of a panel; It is a modification of the electromagnetic wave reflector. It is another modified example of the electromagnetic wave reflector. It is another modified example of the electromagnetic wave reflector. This is a modification of the electromagnetic wave reflection fence in which a plurality of panels are connected. It is a figure explaining the evaluation method of a reflection characteristic.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining an analysis space of reflection characteristics;
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining an analysis space of reflection characteristics;
- FIG. 5 is a diagram of a simulation model of the configuration of FIG. 4;
- FIG. 6 is a diagram of a simulation model of the configuration of FIG. 5; It is a figure of the simulation model of a comparative example.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an analytical structure for strength evaluation of a support; It is a figure which shows a strength analysis result.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of radio wave propagation using the electromagnetic wave reflector 10 of the embodiment.
- Radio waves are a type of electromagnetic waves, and electromagnetic waves of 3 THz or less are generally called radio waves.
- electromagnetic waves radiated from base stations or relay stations are referred to as “radio waves”, and electromagnetic waves in general are referred to as “electromagnetic waves”.
- the same elements may be denoted by the same reference numerals, and overlapping descriptions may be omitted.
- the electromagnetic wave reflector 10 is located in the service area SA provided by the base station BS.
- the Z direction be the height direction of the space in which radio waves are transmitted and received with the base station BS
- the XY plane be the plane perpendicular to the Z direction.
- the base station BS is installed indoors or outdoors, and a service area SA can be formed in a street, a shopping mall, a production line in a factory, an event site, or the like.
- the base station BS transmits and receives radio waves in a specific frequency band, for example, in the range of 1 GHz to 170 GHz.
- Radio waves emitted from the base station BS are reflected, shielded, and attenuated by the walls of buildings and roadside trees. Radio waves are reflected, weakened, and shielded by metal devices, ducts, pipes, and other structures on production lines in factories.
- High-frequency radio waves such as those in the millimeter wave band have a strong linearity and are less diffracted.
- the electromagnetic wave reflecting device 10 has a reflecting surface 105 that reflects radio waves in the band of 1 GHz to 170 GHz, and propagates radio waves from the base station BS to terminal devices within the service area SA.
- the position where the electromagnetic wave reflecting device 10 is provided is not limited to the example in FIG.
- the electromagnetic wave reflector 10 can be placed at an appropriate position according to the position of the base station BS, the surrounding environment, the state within the service area SA, and the like.
- a plurality of electromagnetic wave reflecting devices 10 may be arranged facing each other or staggered with the service area SA interposed therebetween. As will be described later, multiple electromagnetic wave reflectors can also be connected.
- the reflecting surface 105 of the electromagnetic wave reflecting device 10 has at least one of the normal reflector 101 and the meta-reflector 102 .
- the normal reflector 101 gives the incident electromagnetic wave a normal reflection whose angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.
- Metareflector 102 has an artificial surface that controls the reflection properties of incident electromagnetic waves.
- a "metareflector” is a type of "metasurface” which means an artificial surface that controls the transmission and reflection characteristics of incident electromagnetic waves.
- electromagnetic waves are reflected in a predetermined direction other than the regular reflection.
- the meta-reflector 102 realizes not only reflection in directions other than normal reflection, but also diffusion with a predetermined angular distribution and formation of a wavefront.
- FIG. 2A to 2C show aspects of reflection on the reflecting surface 105 of the electromagnetic wave reflector 10.
- FIG. 2A an electromagnetic wave incident on the normal reflector 101 is reflected at a reflection angle ⁇ ref which is the same as the incident angle ⁇ in.
- FIG. 2B the electromagnetic wave incident on the meta-reflector 102a is reflected at a reflection angle ⁇ ref different from the incident angle ⁇ in.
- the absolute value of the difference between the angle of reflection ⁇ ref by the meta-reflector 102 and the angle of reflection by regular reflection may be called an abnormal angle ⁇ abn.
- the electromagnetic wave reflected by the meta-reflector 102 does not have to be a plane wave with a single angle of reflection.
- FIG. 2C by devising the surface impedance formed on the surface of the meta-reflector 102b, incident electromagnetic waves are diffused in a plurality of directions at a plurality of different reflection angles.
- a method for realizing the reflection in FIG. 2C for example, there is a method described in PHYSICAL REVIEW B 97, “ARBITRARY BEAM CONTROL USING LOSSLESS METASURFACES ENABLED BY ORTHOGONALLY POLARIZED CUSTOM SURFACE WAVES”.
- the intensity of the diffused electromagnetic wave may be uniform, or may have a predetermined intensity distribution according to the reflection direction.
- FIG. 3 shows the basic configuration of the electromagnetic wave reflecting device 10 of the embodiment.
- the electromagnetic wave reflecting device 10 has a panel 13 having a reflecting surface 105 that reflects radio waves in a desired band selected from a frequency band of 1 GHz to 170 GHz, and a support 11 that supports the panel 13 .
- the reflecting surface 105 of the panel 13 is formed of at least one of the normal reflector 101 that performs regular reflection and the meta reflector 102 that has an artificial surface that controls the reflection characteristics of incident electromagnetic waves.
- the normal reflector 101 may include a reflective surface made of an inorganic conductive material or a conductive polymeric material.
- the meta-reflector 102 may be of any material, surface shape, manufacturing method, etc., as long as the incident electromagnetic wave can be reflected in a desired direction or diffused with a desired angular distribution.
- a metasurface is obtained by forming a metal patch sufficiently smaller than the wavelength used on the surface of a conductor such as metal through a dielectric layer.
- the meta-reflector 102 is formed so as to have desired reflection characteristics according to the design conditions of which direction the electromagnetic wave is to be reflected, and is arranged at an appropriate position on the reflecting surface 105 .
- the size of the panel 13 can be appropriately designed according to the environment in which it is used.
- the panel 13 has a width w of 0.5 m to 3.0 m, a height h of 1.0 m to 2.5 m, and a thickness t of 3.0 mm to 9.0 mm.
- the size wxhxt of the panel 13 may be about 1.0mx2.0mx5.0mm.
- a portion of panel 13 may be transparent to visible light.
- the panel 13 is supported by the support 11.
- the support 11 has a frame 111 with mechanical strength capable of holding the panel 13 stably.
- the electromagnetic wave reflecting device 10 may be used alone, or a plurality of electromagnetic wave reflecting devices 10 may be connected to be used as an electromagnetic wave reflecting fence.
- the frame 111 has a structure suitable for connecting the reflective surfaces 105 of the multiple panels 13 . A specific configuration of the frame 111 will be described later with reference to FIGS. 5A and 5B.
- the electromagnetic wave reflecting device 10 When the electromagnetic wave reflecting device 10 is installed indoors or outdoors, it may be attached to a wall or the like with the support 11 . As will be described later, the support 11 is formed in a light and thin shape while having sufficient strength, and is suitable for installation on a wall surface or the like. The panel 13 and support 11 are removable and can be transported to the installation site separately.
- the electromagnetic wave reflecting device 10 can be assembled at the installation site, and the electromagnetic wave reflecting device 10 can be arranged at a desired location.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetic wave reflecting fence 100 in which a plurality of electromagnetic wave reflecting devices 10 are connected.
- the electromagnetic wave reflecting fence 100 is assembled by connecting the panel 13-1 and the panel 13-2 with the support 11.
- Support 11 has a frame 111 that grips the ends of panels 13-1 and 13-2.
- the frame 111 has a structure in which the potential plane of reflection occurring on the reflective surface 105 of the panel 13-1 and the potential plane of reflection occurring on the reflective surface 105 of the panel 13-2 are connected.
- the energy of the reflected electromagnetic waves is attenuated if the reflected current flowing due to the incident electromagnetic waves is blocked between the adjacent panels 13-1 and 13-2.
- the reflected electromagnetic waves may be radiated in unnecessary directions, degrading communication quality.
- the support 11 transmits a potential, which serves as a reference for reflection, from one panel to the other panel at a high frequency, It is desirable to share the reference potential caused by the reflection phenomenon between adjacent panels.
- the number of panels 13 to be connected is not limited to two, and three or more panels 13 can be connected by the support 11 as long as the reference potential of the reflection phenomenon continues between the adjacent panels 13-1 and 13-2.
- You may As described above, each panel 13 and support 11 are detachable and may be transported separately to assemble the electromagnetic wave reflecting fence 100 at the installation site. In that case, the edge of the outermost panel of the continuous panels 13 may be covered with a protective jacket such as plastic instead of the support 11 .
- FIG. 5A is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of the support 11A.
- the support 11A is drawn in a horizontal cross section along the thickness direction of the panel 13 that supports it.
- the support 11A has a frame 111A made of a conductor and a non-conductive cover 112A covering at least a portion of the frame 111A.
- the frame 111A is made of highly conductive and lightweight aluminum, but may be made of other conductors such as titanium, graphite, and conductive carbon compounds.
- the direction parallel to the reflecting surface 105 of the panel 13 to be supported is defined as the width (W) direction
- the direction parallel to the thickness of the panel 13 is defined as the thickness (T) direction.
- the horizontal cross section of the frame 111A has a shape in which two H-shapes are connected in series in the width (W) direction.
- the frame 111A has slits 113a and 113b on both sides in the width direction for receiving the ends of the panel 13, and has a hollow 114 between the slits 113a and 113b that is independent of the slits 113a and 113b. "Independent" from slits 113a and 113b means not communicating with either of slits 113a and 113b.
- the hollow 114 contributes to weight reduction of the frame 111A.
- the slits 113a and 113b may simply be referred to as "slits 113" without distinguishing between them.
- the surface outside the inner portion in which the hollow 114 and the slits 113a and 113b are formed is the outer surface 116 of the frame 111A.
- the thickness of the frame 111A is set so that the entire support 11A has sufficient strength, as will be described later. In general, increasing the thickness of the frame 111A increases the rigidity, but if the frame 111A is too thick, it becomes difficult to satisfy the desired electromagnetic wave reflection characteristics and the demands for thinness and weight reduction.
- the thickness of the frame 111A is 1.0 mm to 10.0 mm, preferably 1.5 mm to 7.5 mm, more preferably 2.0 mm to 5.0 mm. In this specification, the use of "to" to indicate a range is intended to include the lower and upper values. By setting the thickness of the frame 111A within the above range, the frame 111A can be given sufficient rigidity without increasing its size, and the reference potential for reflection can be shared between the adjacent panels 13.
- the frame 111A having the slits 113a and 113b securely grips the edge of the panel 13 by surface contact, and the reflective surface 105 of one panel 13-1 and the reflective surface 105 of the other panel 13-2.
- the reflected potential of surface 105 is made continuous.
- the frame 111A having a shape in which H-shapes are arranged in series the reflected current flows in a short current path, less current wraps around, and excellent reflection performance.
- the width W of the frame 111A is preferably 20 mm to 100 mm, more preferably 20 mm or more and 60 mm or less, from the viewpoint of securely gripping the adjacent panels 13 and sharing the potential surface of reflection between the adjacent panels 13.
- the gap G1 between the slits 113a and 113b and the gap G1 between the hollow 114 are both 5.5 mm.
- the non-conductive cover 112A is made of a non-conductive material transparent to the wavelength used.
- the term "transparent" with respect to the wavelength used means that the electromagnetic wave of the target wavelength is transmitted by 50% or more, preferably by 60% or more, and more preferably by 70%.
- the cover 112A is made of resin such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polycarbonate (PC), acrylic resin, polyimide (PI), or the like. It may be made of synthetic resin, fiber-reinforced plastic, or other insulating coating.
- Both corners in the width (W) direction of the cover 112A may be chamfered with a predetermined radius of curvature R.
- the cover 112A may be attached to the outer surface 116 of the frame 111A with an adhesive or the like, or may be molded integrally with the frame 111A using a mold. Cover 112A may also be an adhesive layer.
- the curvature radius R is, for example, 1 mm or more, preferably 2 mm or more, and more preferably 4 mm or more.
- FIG. 5B is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of the support 11B.
- the support 11B is drawn in a horizontal cross section along the thickness direction of the panel 13 it supports.
- the support 11B has a frame 111B made of a conductor and a non-conductive cover 112B covering at least a portion of the frame 111B.
- the material of the frame 111B is, like the frame 111A of FIG. 5A, made of aluminum having high electrical conductivity and light weight, but may also be made of other conductors such as titanium, graphite, and carbon compounds having electrical conductivity. good too.
- the direction parallel to the reflecting surface 105 of the panel 13 to be supported is defined as the width (W) direction
- the direction parallel to the thickness of the panel 13 is defined as the thickness (T) direction.
- the frame 111B has a horizontal cross-sectional shape in which two H-shapes are connected in series in the width (W) direction. 115.
- a hollow 114 formed in the center of the frame 111B contributes to weight reduction of the frame 111B.
- the gap G1 between the slits 113a and 113b is 5.5 mm
- the gap G2 between the hollow 114 is 6.0 mm.
- the thickness of frame 111B including wings 115 is 1.0 mm to 5.5 mm, preferably 2.0 mm to 5.0 mm.
- a non-conductive cover 112B covers the outer surface 116 between a pair of wings 115 extending on both sides in the width (W) direction of the frame 111B.
- a corner portion where the wing of the frame 111B rises may be chamfered with a predetermined radius of curvature R.
- the corners of the cover 112B located between the wings 115 are also chamfered with the same radius of curvature R.
- the adhesion can be enhanced both when the non-conductive cover 112B and the frame 111B are attached with an adhesive or the like and when the cover 112B and the frame 111B are integrally molded.
- the cover 112B itself may be an adhesive layer.
- Both the support 11A in FIG. 5A and the support 11B in FIG. 5B support the panel 13 with sufficient strength by gripping the edge of the panel 13 with the slit 113 formed in the frame 111, and the reflected current or A reference potential for reflection can be shared between adjacent panels.
- FIG. 6A to 6D show configuration examples of the panel 13.
- panel 13A has a reflective surface 105 of conductors 131.
- the reflecting surface 105 may have any configuration as long as it reflects electromagnetic waves of 1 GHz to 170 GHz.
- the reflective surface 105 can be formed of a mesh conductor, a conductive film, a combination of a transparent resin and a conductive film, or the like that reflects electromagnetic waves in an arbitrary frequency band selected from the range of 1 GHz to 170 GHz.
- the reflecting surface 105 By designing the reflecting surface 105 to be able to reflect radio waves in a desired frequency band from 1 GHz to 170 GHz, the 1.5 GHz band, which is the main frequency band currently used in mobile communications in Japan; It can cover 5 GHz band.
- a 4.5 GHz band, a 28 GHz band, and the like are planned for the next-generation 5G communication network.
- 2.5 GHz band, 3.5 GHz band, 4.5 GHz band, 24-28 GHz band, 39 GHz band, etc. are planned as 5G frequency bands. It can also support 52.6 HGz, which is the upper limit of the 5G standard millimeter wave band.
- the reflection band of the reflecting surface 105 may be extended to the terahertz band by applying photonic crystal technology.
- the conductor 131 does not have to be a homogeneous conductor film as long as it can reflect 30% or more of radio waves of 1 GHz to 170 GHz.
- it may be a mesh or lattice formed with a density that reflects electromagnetic waves in the above frequency band, or may be an array of holes.
- the repetition pitch, which is associated with the desired electromagnetic wave reflection density may be of uniform periodicity or may be non-uniform.
- the repetition period or its average period is preferably 1/5 or less, more preferably 1/10 or less, of the wavelength of the target frequency.
- FIG. 6B shows a configuration example of the panel 13B.
- Panel 13B is a normal reflector and has a laminated structure of conductor 131 and dielectric 132 transparent to the operating frequency. Any surface of the conductor 131 becomes the reflective surface 105 .
- the interface between the conductor 131 and the air becomes the reflecting surface 105 .
- the interface between the conductor 131 and the dielectric 132 becomes the reflective surface 105 .
- the dielectric 132 that holds the conductor 131 or covers the surface of the conductor 131 should have rigidity to withstand vibration and meet the ISO (International Organization for Standardization) ISO014120 safety requirements. When it is used outdoors or in a factory, it should be able to withstand impacts and protect itself even if it is hit by an object. In addition, those which are transparent in the visible light range are preferable. As an example, an optical plastic, a reinforced plastic, a reinforced glass, or the like having a predetermined strength or more is used. As optical plastics, polycarbonate (PC), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polystyrene (PS), etc. may be used.
- PC polycarbonate
- PMMA polymethylmethacrylate
- PS polystyrene
- FIG. 6C shows a configuration example of the panel 13C.
- Panel 13C has conductor 131 sandwiched between dielectrics 132 and 133 .
- the interface between the conductor 131 and any dielectric becomes the reflecting surface 105 depending on the incident direction of the electromagnetic waves.
- the stiffness required for dielectrics 132 and 133 is similar to the configuration of FIG. 6B.
- FIG. 6D shows a configuration example of the panel 13D.
- a metareflector 102 may be provided on a portion of the laminate of FIG. 6B.
- a laminate of conductor 131 and dielectric 132 can be used as normal reflector 101 .
- the metal reflector 102 may be fixed to the surface of the dielectric 132 of the normal reflector 101 by lamination or the like.
- a region of the three-layer structure of conductor 131, dielectric 132, and metareflector 102 can be an asymmetric reflective region AS forming a metasurface.
- a two-layer structure region of the conductor 131 and the dielectric 132 without the meta-reflector 102 can be the symmetrical reflection region SY that provides regular reflection.
- the conductor 131 is electrically connected to the frame 111A or 111B and the reflected potential is transmitted to the adjacent panel 13. .
- FIG. 7 shows an example of the treatment of conductors 131 at the edge of panel 13 .
- FIG. 7 uses the configuration of the panel 13C of FIG. 6C, but the processing also applies to the panel 13B of FIG. 6B and the panel 13D of FIG. 6D.
- the conductor 131 may be pulled out beyond the edge of the dielectric 132 and folded back at the edge of the panel 13 to partially cover at least one surface of the dielectric 132 .
- the folded portion 131 a of the conductor 131 comes into surface contact with the inner wall of the slit 113 .
- the contact area between the conductor 131 and the slit 113 is increased and the electrical connection is stabilized.
- FIG. 8 shows an electromagnetic wave reflecting device 10A as a modified example of the electromagnetic wave reflecting device 10.
- the electromagnetic wave reflector 10A has a meta-reflector 102 movable on the panel 13 .
- the meta-reflector 102 may be integrated with the normal reflector 101 into the panel 13D as shown in FIG. 6D, or may be configured to be movable on the reflecting surface 105 as shown in FIG.
- the configuration for making the position of the meta-reflector 102 variable on the reflecting surface 105 may be any configuration as long as the interference between the meta-reflector 102 and the reflecting surface 105 is suppressed.
- the rod 16 holding the meta-reflector 102 may be attached to the panel 13 so as to be slidable in the horizontal direction, and the position of the meta-reflector 102 may be held vertically movably on the rod 16 .
- the rod 16 may be made of a non-metallic material with a low dielectric constant that does not interfere with the reflection characteristics of the normal reflector 101 or the meta-reflector 102 .
- Rod 16 may be designed to have zero or minimal optical and mechanical interference at the panel interface.
- the meta-reflector 102 can be moved to an optimum position on the panel 13 according to the site environment where the electromagnetic wave reflecting device 10A is arranged, the positional relationship with the base station BS, and the like. 5A or 5B, the support 11 has slits 113a and 113b and a hollow 114 so that the reference potential of the reflection phenomenon occurring on the reflective surface 105 can be transmitted to the reflective surface of the adjacent panel 13.
- FIG. 9A shows an electromagnetic wave reflector 10B as another modification of the electromagnetic wave reflector 10.
- FIG. The electromagnetic wave reflector 10B is self-supporting.
- the electromagnetic wave reflector 10B has a panel 13 having a reflective surface 105 and a support 12 that supports the panel 13 .
- the support 12 has a base 122 and pillars 121 extending vertically from the base 122 .
- the cross-sectional shape of the pillar 121 taken along a plane parallel to the XY plane is as shown in FIG. 5A or 5B.
- Pillar 121 has a frame 111 with slits 113 and hollows 114 and a non-conductive cover 112 covering at least a portion of its outer surface 116 .
- the panel 13 and the support 12 can also be separated from the electromagnetic wave reflector 10B, and can be assembled at the installation site. At the time of assembly, the end of the panel 13 is inserted into the slit 113 of the support 12 to stand on the installation surface. Since the electromagnetic wave reflecting device 10B can stand on its own, it can be placed at a desired location indoors or outdoors, and can also be used as a partition, fence, or the like having a radio wave reflecting function.
- braces may be provided on the surface of the panel 13 opposite to the reflecting surface 105 in order to reinforce the strength of the panel 13 .
- the braces may be run diagonally between the supports 12 holding the ends of the panel 13 .
- reinforcing beams may be provided at the top or bottom of panel 13 .
- FIG. 9B shows an electromagnetic wave reflecting device 10C as yet another modified example of the electromagnetic wave reflecting device 10.
- the electromagnetic wave reflector 10C is self-supporting as in FIG. 9A, and the support 12 has a base 122 and pillars 121 extending from the base 122 . Pillar 121 has a frame 111 that grips the edge of panel 13 .
- a meta-reflector 102 is movably provided on the panel 13 .
- the moving structure of the meta-reflector 102 may have any configuration as long as it does not interfere with the reflecting surface 105 .
- a horizontally movable rod 16 indicated by a double arrow is used on the panel 13, and the meta-reflector 102 is attached to the rod 16 so as to be vertically movable (in the Z direction).
- FIG. 9C shows an electromagnetic wave reflecting fence 100A, which is a modification of the electromagnetic wave reflecting fence.
- the electromagnetic wave reflecting fence 100A has a structure in which a plurality of electromagnetic wave reflecting devices 10B are connected, and the panel 13-1 and the panel 13-2 are connected by the support 12.
- FIG. Support 12 allows panels 13-1 and 13-2 to stand substantially vertically from XY by means of base 122.
- FIG. The frame 111 of the pillars 121 grips the ends of the panels 13-1 and 13-2 and provides a potential surface for reflection occurring on the reflective surface 105 of the panel 13-1 and a potential surface for reflection occurring on the reflective surface 105 of the panel 13-2. Make the potential surface continuous.
- the electromagnetic wave reflecting device 10B the electromagnetic wave reflecting device 10C of FIG.
- the panels 13 and supports 12 can be transported separately and the fence assembled at the installation site.
- the position of the meta-reflector 102 may be determined during or after the electromagnetic wave reflecting fence is assembled.
- one or both of the panels 13-1 and 13-2 may be provided with reinforcing braces, reinforcing beams, or the like. By making multiple continuous panels stand on their own, they can be used as partitions for event venues, defensive fences for production lines, etc.
- the reflection properties of the support 11 are evaluated.
- the reflection characteristics are evaluated by the peak ratio of the scattering cross section.
- the peak ratio is expressed by the ratio of the peak intensity of the scattering cross section when the frame 111 is used to the peak intensity of the scattering cross section of one panel without the frame 111 .
- FIG. 10 is a diagram explaining a method of evaluating reflection characteristics.
- the ability to reflect incident electromagnetic waves is evaluated by the radar cross section (RCS), ie, the scattering cross section.
- the unit of RCS is decibel square meter (dBsm).
- dBsm decibel square meter
- the peak ratio is 0.4 or more, preferably 0.5 or more, more preferably 0.6 or more, and still more preferably 0.7 or more.
- general-purpose three-dimensional electromagnetic field simulation software is used to reflect a plane wave of a predetermined frequency on the panel surface and analyze the scattering cross section.
- 11 and 12 are diagrams for explaining the analysis space of the reflection characteristics of the examples and comparative examples described below.
- the thickness direction of the panel 13 is the x direction
- the width direction is the y direction
- the height direction is the z direction. size).
- the size of the analysis space when the frequency is 2-15 GHz is 150 mm ⁇ 500 mm ⁇ 500 mm.
- the size of the analysis space when the frequency is 28 GHz is assumed to be 100 mm ⁇ 200 mm ⁇ 200 mm.
- the reason why the analysis space is reduced at high frequencies is that the wavelengths are shortened.
- the boundary condition is a design in which an electromagnetic wave absorber is arranged around the analysis space.
- 13A and 13B are diagrams of simulation models used in the examples.
- 13A corresponds to support 11A of FIG. 5A
- FIG. 13B corresponds to support 11B of FIG. 5B.
- the panel 13 has a structure in which a conductor 131 is sandwiched between two dielectrics 132 and 133 and adhered.
- a conductor mesh is used as the conductor 131, and a configuration in which the ends are folded back as shown in FIG. 7 can be adopted.
- polycarbonate with a thickness of 2.5 mm is used as the dielectrics 132 and 133
- SUS is used as the conductor 131 between the two polycarbonate sheets.
- the total thickness t PNL of panel 13 is 5.0 mm.
- the frame 111A is made of aluminum and has a thickness t FRM of 5.0 mm and a width W of 60 mm.
- the slit interval t SLIT is 5.5 mm.
- the width W GAP of the hollow 114 is 20 mm and the gap G1 is 5.5 mm.
- the distance d between slits in the width direction is 30 mm. That is, there is a 5 mm thick aluminum wall between the hollow 114 and the slit.
- the non-conductive cover 112A is PVC, its thickness t PVC is 5.0 mm and the radius of curvature R of the edge of the cover 112A is 2 mm.
- the frame 111B is made of aluminum, the thickness t FRM of the entire frame 111 including the wings 115 is 5.0 mm, and the width W is 60 mm.
- the height h WING of the wings 115 projecting from both sides in the width direction of the frame 111B is 5.0 mm.
- the slit interval t SLIT is 5.5 mm, the gap G2 of the hollow 114 is 6.0 mm, the width W GAP of the hollow 114 is 20 mm, and the distance d between the slits in the width direction is 30 mm.
- the non-conductive cover 112B placed between the wings 115 is PVC , its thickness tPVC is 5 mm and its width is 50 mm.
- the radius of curvature R of the inner edge of cover 112B is 2 mm.
- the reflection characteristics are evaluated by changing the frequency of the incident electromagnetic wave.
- FIG. 13A The configuration of FIG. 13A, that is, a 5.0 mm thick, 60 mm wide aluminum frame 111A with a thickness of 5.0 mm, a width of 60 mm, a gap G1 of the hollow 114 of 5.5 mm, and a width of the hollow 114 of 20 mm is placed outside the aluminum frame 111A.
- a configuration in which a PVC cover 112A is arranged is used.
- the edge of the cover 112A is chamfered with a radius of curvature R2 mm.
- An electromagnetic wave with a frequency of 3.8 GHz is incident on the panel 13, and the main peak of RCS (scattering cross section) is calculated while changing the incident angle from 0° to 60° in increments of 10°.
- An incident angle of 0° is normal incidence to the panel surface.
- a peak ratio is calculated using the RCS main peak calculated for each incident angle and the RCS main peak obtained in advance for each incident angle of one panel. Table 1 shows the calculation results.
- FIG. 13A exhibits a high peak ratio of 0.83 or greater over incident angles of 0° to 60° for electromagnetic waves at 3.8 GHz.
- FIG. 13B that is, a configuration in which a PVC cover 112B is arranged outside a frame 111B with wings 115 and the gap G2 of the hollow 114 is 6.0 mm is used.
- An electromagnetic wave with a frequency of 3.8 GHz is incident on the panel 13, and the main peak of the RCS (scattering cross section) is calculated while changing the incident angle from 0° to 60° in increments of 10°. Calculate the peak to peak ratio. Table 2 shows the calculation results.
- FIG. 13B exhibits a high peak ratio of 0.78 or greater over incident angles of 0° to 60° for electromagnetic waves at 3.8 GHz.
- Example 3 the frequency of incident electromagnetic waves is changed to 28 GHz in the configuration of FIG. 13A.
- the incident angle of the 28 GHz electromagnetic wave is changed from 0° to 60° in increments of 10°, and the intensity ratio of the main peak of the scattering cross section is calculated. Table 3 shows the calculation results.
- the configuration of FIG. 13A exhibits a peak ratio greater than or equal to 0.53 in the range of 0° to 40° for electromagnetic waves at 28 GHz.
- the reason why the peak ratio decreases beyond 50° is that, depending on the incident angle and frequency of the electromagnetic wave, the surface wave propagating through the PVC cover 112A in close contact with the aluminum frame 111A is reflected from the end point. However, it works in the direction of weakening the reflected wave from the panel, that is, it is considered to be destructive reflection.
- the phase of the reflected wave when the surface wave propagates through the PVC and is radiated from the end point depends on the dielectric constant and thickness of the PVC, the width of the frame 111A, and the frequency. ), the decrease in peak ratio when the incident angle is large can be resolved by selecting other insulating materials.
- Example 4 the frequency of incident electromagnetic waves is changed to 28 GHz in the configuration of FIG. 13B.
- the incident angle of the 28 GHz electromagnetic wave is changed from 0° to 60° in increments of 10°, and the intensity ratio of the main peak of the scattering cross section is calculated. Table 4 shows the calculation results.
- the configuration of FIG. 13B exhibits a peak ratio greater than or equal to 0.44 between 0° and 40° for 28 GHz electromagnetic waves.
- the reason why the peak ratio decreases beyond 50° is that, as in Example 3, depending on the incident angle and frequency of the electromagnetic wave, the reflected wave from the panel and the reflected wave propagated on the PVC surface and radiated from the end point are different. It is thought that it interferes with destructive. Due to the provision of the wings 115 on the frame 111B, the deterioration of the reflection characteristics at an incident angle of 50° or more is smaller than that of the third embodiment.
- Example 5 the frequency of incident electromagnetic waves is changed to 24 GHz in the configuration of FIG. 13A.
- the incident angle of the 24 GHz electromagnetic wave is changed from 0° to 60° in increments of 10°, and the intensity ratio of the main peak of the scattering cross section is calculated. Table 5 shows the calculation results.
- the configuration of FIG. 13A exhibits a high peak ratio of 0.82 or more in the range of 0° to 30° with respect to electromagnetic waves of 24 GHz, and a peak ratio of 0.71 is obtained even at 60°. Although the peak ratio is lowered at 40° and 50°, the reflection characteristics are good as a whole.
- Example 6 the frequency of incident electromagnetic waves is changed to 24 GHz in the configuration of FIG. 13B.
- the incident angle of the 24 GHz electromagnetic wave is changed from 0° to 60° in increments of 10°, and the intensity ratio of the main peak of the scattering cross section is calculated. Table 6 shows the calculation results.
- the configuration of FIG. 13B exhibits a high peak ratio of 0.77 or greater in the range of 0° to 30° for 24 Hz electromagnetic waves. Although the peak ratio decreases between 40° and 60°, good reflection characteristics can be exhibited if the incident angle is 40° or more, preferably 30° or more.
- Example 7 the frequency of incident electromagnetic waves is changed to 26 GHz in the configuration of FIG. 13A.
- the incident angle of the 26 GHz electromagnetic wave is changed from 0° to 60° in increments of 10°, and the intensity ratio of the main peak of the scattering cross section is calculated. Table 7 shows the calculation results.
- FIG. 13A exhibits a peak ratio greater than or equal to 0.42 between 0° and 40° for 26 GHz electromagnetic waves. Although the peak ratio is reduced at 50° and 60°, the overall reflection properties are acceptable.
- Example 8 the frequency of incident electromagnetic waves is changed to 26 GHz in the configuration of FIG. 13B.
- the incident angle of the 26 GHz electromagnetic wave is changed from 0° to 60° in increments of 10°, and the intensity ratio of the main peak of the scattering cross section is calculated. Table 8 shows the calculation results.
- FIG. 13B exhibits a peak ratio greater than or equal to 0.40 between 0° and 40° for 26 Hz electromagnetic waves. Although the peak ratio is reduced at 50° and 60°, the overall reflection properties are acceptable.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram of a simulation model of a comparative example.
- an H-shaped aluminum frame having no hollow is used.
- the width W of the frame is fixed at 50 mm, and the thickness t VARIED is varied between 10 mm and 30 mm. By changing the thickness, the total thickness at the center of the frame also changes.
- the distance d between slits in the width direction is 20 mm.
- the depth and spacing of the slits and the configuration of the panel 13 are the same as in the simulation model of FIGS. 13A and 13B. Evaluation of reflection characteristics is performed based on the peak ratio in the same manner as in Examples 1-8.
- the aluminum frame has a thickness of 10 mm and a width W of 50 mm.
- the frame thickness of 10 mm is the combined thickness of the aluminum frame 111 and the PVC cover 112 in Examples 1-8.
- the frequency of incident electromagnetic waves is set to 3.8 GHz.
- the incident angle of the 3.8 GHz electromagnetic wave is changed from 0° to 60° in increments of 10°, and the intensity ratio of the main peak of the scattering cross section is calculated. Table 9 shows the calculation results.
- Comparative Example 1 exhibits a peak ratio of 0.65 or greater over the range of 0° to 60° for 3.8 GHz electromagnetic waves. However, when compared with the results of Example 1 (Table 1) and Example 2 (Table 2) for electromagnetic waves of the same frequency (3.8 GHz), the reflection characteristics are inferior.
- Comparative Example 2 the aluminum frame has a thickness of 20 mm and a width W of 50 mm.
- the incident angle of the 3.8 GHz electromagnetic wave is changed from 0° to 60° in increments of 10°, and the intensity ratio of the main peak of the scattering cross section is calculated. Table 10 shows the calculation results.
- Comparative Example 2 exhibits a peak ratio of 0.58 or greater over the range of 0° to 60° for 3.8 GHz electromagnetic waves.
- Example 1 Table 1
- Example 2 Table 2
- the reflection characteristics are inferior.
- Comparative Example 1 it is considered that the attenuation of the incident electromagnetic wave was slightly increased by doubling the thickness of the aluminum frame.
- Comparative Example 3 the aluminum frame has a thickness of 30 mm and a width W of 50 mm.
- the incident angle of the 3.8 GHz electromagnetic wave is changed from 0° to 60° in increments of 10°, and the intensity ratio of the main peak of the scattering cross section is calculated. Table 11 shows the calculation results.
- Comparative Example 3 exhibits a peak ratio of 0.61 or greater over the range of 0° to 60° for 3.8 GHz electromagnetic waves.
- Example 1 Table 1
- Example 2 Table 2
- the reflection characteristics are inferior.
- the peak ratio is larger depending on the incident angle because the thickness of the frame is 30 mm. This is probably because the electromagnetic waves strengthen each other and the RCS peak intensity increases.
- Comparative Example 4 In Comparative Example 4, the aluminum frame has a thickness of 10 mm and a width W of 50 mm. Change the frequency of the incident electromagnetic wave to 28 GHz. The incident angle of the 28 GHz electromagnetic wave is changed from 0° to 60° in increments of 10°, and the intensity ratio of the main peak of the scattering cross section is calculated. Table 12 shows the calculation results.
- a peak ratio of 0.46 was obtained at normal incidence and a peak ratio of 0.63 at an incident angle of 50°. ), and Example 4 (Table 4), the reflection properties are inferior.
- the reason why the peak ratio is high at an incident angle of 50° is that when the thickness of the aluminum frame is 10 mm, the wavelength of the incident electromagnetic wave is close to 28 GHz, and depending on the incident angle, the incident electromagnetic waves interfere with each other and strengthen each other. This is probably because the RCS peak intensity increased.
- Comparative Example 5 the aluminum frame has a thickness of 20 mm and a width W of 50 mm.
- the incident angle of the 28 GHz electromagnetic wave is changed from 0° to 60° in increments of 10°, and the intensity ratio of the main peak of the scattering cross section is calculated. Table 13 shows the calculation results.
- a peak ratio of 0.59 is obtained when the incident angle is 30°, but other peak ratios are low. Compared with 4), the reflection properties are inferior.
- Comparative Example 6 the aluminum frame has a thickness of 30 mm and a width W of 50 mm.
- the incident angle of the 28 GHz electromagnetic wave is changed from 0° to 60° in increments of 10°, and the intensity ratio of the main peak of the scattering cross section is calculated. Table 14 shows the calculation results.
- a peak ratio of 0.55 is obtained when the incident angle is 20°, but the other peak ratios are low. Compared with 4), the reflection properties are inferior.
- Comparative Example 7 In Comparative Example 7, the aluminum frame has a thickness of 10 mm and a width W of 50 mm. Change the frequency of the incident electromagnetic wave to 24 GHz. The incident angle of the 28 GHz electromagnetic wave is changed from 0° to 60° in increments of 10°, and the intensity ratio of the main peak of the scattering cross section is calculated. Table 15 shows the calculation results.
- a peak ratio of 0.44 or more is obtained in the range of the incident angle from 0° to 40°. Reflection characteristics are inferior in comparison.
- Comparative Example 8 the aluminum frame has a thickness of 20 mm and a width W of 50 mm.
- the incident angle of the 24 GHz electromagnetic wave is changed from 0° to 60° in increments of 10°, and the intensity ratio of the main peak of the scattering cross section is calculated. Table 16 shows the calculation results.
- a peak ratio of 0.6 or more is obtained at an incident angle of 0° to 20°, and the peak ratio is 1.12 at normal incidence. Looking only at the peak ratios of 0° and 10°, the peak ratios are higher than those of Example 5 (Table 5) and Example 6 (Table 6) for incident electromagnetic waves of the same frequency (24 GHz), but the peak ratios range from 0° to 60°. When viewed as a whole range of degrees, the reflection characteristics of Examples 5 and 6 are better.
- Comparative Example 9 the aluminum frame has a thickness of 30 mm and a width W of 50 mm.
- the incident angle of the 24 GHz electromagnetic wave is changed from 0° to 60° in increments of 10°, and the intensity ratio of the main peak of the scattering cross section is calculated. Table 17 shows the calculation results.
- a peak ratio of 0.43 or more is barely obtained at incident angles of 20° and 30°, but the other peak ratios are low, and Example 5 (Table 5) and Example 5 for incident electromagnetic waves of the same frequency (24 GHz) 6 (Table 6), the reflection properties are inferior.
- Comparative Example 10 the aluminum frame has a thickness of 10 mm and a width W of 50 mm. Change the frequency of the incident electromagnetic wave to 26 GHz. The incident angle of the 26 GHz electromagnetic wave is changed from 0° to 60° in increments of 10°, and the intensity ratio of the main peak of the scattering cross section is calculated. Table 18 shows the calculation results.
- Example 7 (Table 7) and Example 8 (Table 8) have better reflection characteristics.
- Comparative Example 11 the aluminum frame has a thickness of 20 mm and a width W of 50 mm.
- the incident angle of the 24 GHz electromagnetic wave is changed from 0° to 60° in increments of 10°, and the intensity ratio of the main peak of the scattering cross section is calculated. Table 19 shows the calculation results.
- Example 7 for incident electromagnetic waves of the same frequency (26 GHz)
- Example 8 Table 8
- Comparative Example 12 the aluminum frame has a thickness of 30 mm and a width W of 50 mm.
- the incident angle of the 26 GHz electromagnetic wave is changed from 0° to 60° in increments of 10°, and the intensity ratio of the main peak of the scattering cross section is calculated. Table 20 shows the calculation results.
- Example 7 Table 7
- Example 8 Table 8
- the configuration of the example is better than the configuration of the comparative example as a whole with respect to the reflection characteristics.
- some peak ratios of the comparative example are high depending on the incident angle. This is probably because, in the embodiment, the surface wave propagated on the PVC surface and the reflected wave radiated at the end point acts destructively on the reflected wave on the panel surface.
- the reflection may be enhanced by resonating with the wavelength of the incident electromagnetic wave.
- FIG. 15 shows an analytical structural model used for strength analysis.
- the width of the frame is 60 mm throughout the analytical structures 1-3.
- Analytical structure 1 in (A) of FIG. 15 is a reference structure, which is a solid H-shaped aluminum frame.
- the slit spacing is 5.5 mm
- the thickness of the frame in the part forming the slit is 1 mm
- the width of the central part ie the distance between the slits on both sides is 10 mm.
- Analytical structure 2 in FIG. 15(B) corresponds to frame 111A used in support 11A in FIG. 5A.
- the thickness of the frame is 5 mm
- the distance between the slits on both sides and the hollow is 5.5 mm
- the depth of the slit is 15 mm
- the width of the hollow is 20 mm
- the distance between the slits is 30 mm.
- the analytical structure 3 in (C) of FIG. 15 corresponds to the frame 111B used in the support 11B of FIG. 5B.
- the frame thickness is 5mm
- the slit spacing on both sides is 5.5mmm
- the slit depth is 15mm
- the hollow spacing is 6.0mm
- the width is 20mm
- the distance between the slits is 30mm
- the height of the extended wings is 5 mm.
- the analysis conditions are as follows. Fixing method: Both ends of the beam are fixed, a load is applied intensively to the center, and the amount of deflection ⁇ at the center is calculated.
- Beam length L 2000mm Load F: Two loads of 50 Kg and 90 Kg are applied.
- Cross-sectional area A Depends on the structure Moment of inertia of area I: Depends on the structure Section modulus Z [cm 3 ]: Depends on the structure
- the beam length L is the height of the frame 111 in the h direction (see FIG. 3). This is the length when the full length is fixed at both ends.
- the section modulus Z represents the degree of bending strength of the cross section of the member, and the larger the number, the greater the bending strength of the cross section. Based on the above parameters, the amount of deflection .delta.1 due to the applied load and the amount of deflection .delta.2 due to its own weight are calculated.
- ⁇ 1 (F ⁇ L3)/(192 ⁇ E ⁇ I)
- ⁇ 2 (w ⁇ L4)/(384 ⁇ E ⁇ I)
- w is the weight of the member, which is obtained by multiplying the density ⁇ , the gravity g, and the cross-sectional area A ( ⁇ g ⁇ A).
- Fig. 16 shows the analysis results of frame strength. Both when the load is 50 Kg and when the load is 90 Kg, the deflection amounts of the analysis structures 2 and 3 of the embodiment are very small compared to the analysis structure 1 of the comparative example. Moreover, weight reduction is realized by having a hollow.
- the cross-sectional bending strength and rigidity of the support 11 of the embodiment are sufficiently high compared to the reference structure, the mechanical strength is excellent, and the panel 13 can be held stably.
- the support 11 of the embodiment is stable against incident electromagnetic waves in the 3.8 GHz band and 24 to 27 GHz over the incident angle range of 0° to 60°. Shows reflective properties.
- the electromagnetic wave reflector 10 using the support 11 of the embodiment has excellent reflection characteristics, is structurally stable, and can be used indoors and outdoors.
- the electromagnetic wave reflectors of the embodiments can be used as indoor and outdoor wall materials, partitions, fences, and the like.
- Interior walls of buildings such as factories, exterior walls of buildings, soundproof walls of highways, wall materials for warehouses and parking lots, factories, construction sites, agricultural fences, nursing care facilities, medical sites, event venues, commercial facilities, offices, etc. Applies to partitions, etc.
- Each electromagnetic wave reflecting device 10 may be transported with the supports 11 attached to both sides of the panel 13 as shown in FIG. May be assembled.
- the electromagnetic wave reflecting fence 100 in which a plurality of panels 13 are connected as shown in FIG. It may be transported with the other end covered with a protective jacket or the like. In either case, field assembly is possible.
- the positioning of the meta-reflector 102 on the panel 13 may be performed at the site where the electromagnetic wave reflecting device 10 is installed.
- the configuration of the meta-reflector 102 movable on the surface of the panel 13 may be applied to the electromagnetic wave reflecting fence 100A using the self-supporting support 12.
- the shape and dimensions of the support 11 are not limited to the example shown in the embodiment, and as long as the mechanical strength of the frame is maintained and the reference potential of reflection on the reflective surface is continuous, the size, weight, installation environment, etc. of the panel can be used. It is designed accordingly.
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Abstract
Description
1GHz~170GHzの周波数帯から選択される所望の帯域の電波を反射する反射面を有するパネルと、
前記パネルを支持する支持体と、
を備え、
前記支持体は導電性のフレームと前記フレームの少なくとも一部を覆う非導電性のカバーを有し、前記フレームは、前記パネルの端部を受け取るスリットと、前記スリットから独立した中空とを有する。
図1は、実施形態の電磁波反射装置10を用いた電波伝搬の模式図である。電波は電磁波の一種であり、一般的に、3THz以下の電磁波は電波と呼ばれている。以下では、基地局または中継局から放射された電磁波を「電波」と呼び、電磁波一般について言及するときは「電磁波」と呼ぶ。図中で、同じ要素に同じ符号を付けて、重複する説明を省略する場合がある。
図3は、実施形態の電磁波反射装置10の基本構成を示す。電磁波反射装置10は、1GHz~170GHzの周波数帯から選択される所望の帯域の電波を反射する反射面105を有するパネル13と、パネル13を支持する支持体11とを有する。
以下で、支持体11(支持体12を含む)の反射特性を評価する。反射特性は、散乱断面積のピーク比で評価する。ピーク比は、フレーム111を用いない一枚パネルの散乱断面積のピーク強度に対する、フレーム111を用いたときの散乱断面積のピーク強度の比で表される。
図14は、比較例のシミュレーションモデルの図である。比較例では、中空を有しないH字型のアルミニウム製のフレームを用いる。フレームの幅Wは50mmに固定し、厚さtVARIEDを10mm~30mmの範囲で変える。厚さを変えることで、フレームの中央部でのトータルの厚さも変化する。幅方向のスリット間の距離dは20mmとする。スリットの深さと間隔、及びパネル13の構成は、図13A及び図13Bのシミュレーションモデルと同じにする。反射特性の評価は、実施例1~8と同様に、ピーク比に基づいて行う。
比較例1では、アルミニウムのフレームの厚さを10mm、幅Wを50mmとする。フレームの厚さ10mmというのは、実施例1~8でアルミニウムのフレーム111とPVCのカバー112の厚さを合わせた厚さである。入射電磁波の周波数を3.8GHzに設定する。3.8GHz電磁波の入射角を0°から60°まで、10°刻みで変え、散乱断面積のメインピークの強度比を計算する。計算結果を表9に示す。
比較例2では、アルミニウムのフレームの厚さを20mm、幅Wを50mmとする。比較例1と同様に、3.8GHz電磁波の入射角を0°から60°まで10°刻みで変え、散乱断面積のメインピークの強度比を計算する。計算結果を表10に示す。
比較例3では、アルミニウムのフレームの厚さを30mm、幅Wを50mmとする。比較例1、及び2と同様に、3.8GHz電磁波の入射角を0°から60°まで、10°刻みで変え、散乱断面積のメインピークの強度比を計算する。計算結果を表11に示す。
比較例4では、アルミニウムのフレームの厚さを10mm、幅Wを50mmとする。入射電磁波の周波数を28GHzに変更する。28GHz電磁波の入射角を0°から60°まで10°刻みで変え、散乱断面積のメインピークの強度比を計算する。計算結果を表12に示す。
比較例5では、アルミニウムのフレームの厚さを20mm、幅Wを50mmとする。比較例4と同様に、28GHz電磁波の入射角を0°から60°まで、10°刻みで変え、散乱断面積のメインピークの強度比を計算する。計算結果を表13に示す。
比較例6では、アルミニウムのフレームの厚さを30mm、幅Wを50mmとする。比較例4及び5と同様に、28GHz電磁波の入射角を0°から60°まで、10°刻みで変え、散乱断面積のメインピークの強度比を計算する。計算結果を表14に示す。
比較例7では、アルミニウムのフレームの厚さを10mm、幅Wを50mmとする。入射電磁波の周波数を24GHzに変更する。28GHz電磁波の入射角を0°から60°まで10°刻みで変え、散乱断面積のメインピークの強度比を計算する。計算結果を表15に示す。
比較例8では、アルミニウムのフレームの厚さを20mm、幅Wを50mmとする。比較例7と同様に、24GHz電磁波の入射角を0°から60°まで、10°刻みで変え、散乱断面積のメインピークの強度比を計算する。計算結果を表16に示す。
比較例9では、アルミニウムのフレームの厚さを30mm、幅Wを50mmとする。比較例7及び8と同様に、24GHz電磁波の入射角を0°から60°まで、10°刻みで変え、散乱断面積のメインピークの強度比を計算する。計算結果を表17に示す。
比較例10では、アルミニウムのフレームの厚さを10mm、幅Wを50mmとする。入射電磁波の周波数を26GHzに変更する。26GHz電磁波の入射角を0°から60°まで10°刻みで変え、散乱断面積のメインピークの強度比を計算する。計算結果を表18に示す。
比較例11では、アルミニウムのフレームの厚さを20mm、幅Wを50mmとする。比較例10と同様に、24GHz電磁波の入射角を0°から60°まで、10°刻みで変え、散乱断面積のメインピークの強度比を計算する。計算結果を表19に示す。
比較例12では、アルミニウムのフレームの厚さを30mm、幅Wを50mmとする。比較例10及び11と同様に、26GHz電磁波の入射角を0°から60°まで、10°刻みで変え、散乱断面積のメインピークの強度比を計算する。計算結果を表20に示す。
次に、フレームの強度または剛性の観点から、実施形態のフレーム構造を検討する。図15は、強度解析に用いる解析構造モデルを示す。解析構造1~3を通して、フレームの幅は60mmとする。
固定法:はりの両端を固定し、中央に集中的に荷重をかけて中央部でのたわみ量δを計算する。
はりの長さL:2000mm
荷重F:50Kgと90Kgの2通りの荷重をかける。
部材(Al)のヤング率(E):72000MPz
密度ρ:2.7×10-6Kg/mm3
断面積A:構造に依存
断面二次モーメントI:構造に依存
断面係数Z[cm3]:構造に依存
ここで、はりの長さLは、フレーム111の高さh方向(図3参照)の全長を両端固定した際の長さである。
δ2=(w×L4)/(384×E×I)
ここで、wは部材の重さであり、密度ρと、重力gと、断面積Aの積(ρ×g×A)で求められる。たわみ量δはδ1とδ2の合計である(δ=δ1+δ2)。たわみ量が小さいほど剛性が強く、機械的強度が強い。
100、100A 電磁波反射フェンス
11、11A、11B、12 支持体
111、111A、111B フレーム
112、112A、112B カバー
113、113a、113b スリット
114 中空
115 羽
116 外側表面
121 ピラー
122 ベース
13、13-1、13-2 パネル
16 ロッド
101 ノーマルリフレクタ
102 メタリフレクタ
105 反射面
131 導体
132、133 誘電体
BS 基地局
SA サービスエリア
SY 対称反射領域
AS 非対称反射領域
Claims (10)
- 1GHz~170GHzの周波数帯から選択される所望の帯域の電波を反射する反射面を有するパネルと、
前記パネルを支持する支持体と、
を備え、
前記支持体は、導電性のフレームと、前記フレームの少なくとも一部を覆う非導電性のカバーを有し、前記フレームは、前記パネルの端部を受け取るスリットと、前記スリットから独立した中空とを有する、
電磁波反射装置。 - 前記フレームは、幅方向の両側に第1のスリットと第2のスリットを有し、前記第1のスリットと前記第2のスリットの間に前記中空を有する、
請求項1に記載の電磁波反射装置。 - 前記フレームは、幅方向の端部でスリットの外側に向かって延びる羽を有する、
請求項1または2に記載の電磁波反射装置。 - 前記カバーは、前記フレームの外側表面の少なくとも一部を覆っている、
請求項1~3のいずれか一方に記載の電磁波反射装置。 - 前記カバーは前記スリットの幅方向の両側に設けられた前記羽の間に配置されている、
請求項3に記載の電磁波反射装置。 - 前記カバーは、使用波長に対して透明な樹脂または接着層である、
請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の電磁波反射装置。 - 前記支持体は、ベースと、前記ベースから垂直方向に延びるピラーを有し、
前記ピラーは、前記フレームと前記カバーで形成され、
前記支持体によって前記パネルは設置面に対して起立する、
請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の電磁波反射装置。 - 請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の電磁波反射装置を複数、前記支持体で連結した電磁波反射フェンス。
- 1GHz~170GHzの周波数帯から選択される所望の帯域の電波を反射する第1の反射面を有する第1パネルと、前記帯域の電波を反射する第2の反射面を有する第2パネルを、表面に非導電性カバーが設けられた支持体で機械的に接続し、
前記支持体の前記非導電性カバーの内側に設けられた導電性フレームにより、前記第1の反射面と前記第2の反射面の間で反射の基準電位を連続させる、
電磁波反射装置の組み立て方法。 - 前記第1パネルと前記第2パネルの少なくとも一方は、前記第1の反射面または前記第2の反射面に反射特性が制御されたメタサーフェイスを有し、
前記電磁波反射装置の設置現場でパネル上の前記メタサーフェイスの位置決めを行う、
請求項9に記載の電磁波反射装置の組み立て方法。
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WO2024038682A1 (ja) * | 2022-08-17 | 2024-02-22 | Agc株式会社 | 無線伝達システム |
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