WO2022195872A1 - 制御装置、および電力変換装置 - Google Patents
制御装置、および電力変換装置 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title description 10
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000007274 generation of a signal involved in cell-cell signaling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/40—Synchronising a generator for connection to a network or to another generator
- H02J3/44—Synchronising a generator for connection to a network or to another generator with means for ensuring correct phase sequence
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
- H02M1/0012—Control circuits using digital or numerical techniques
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
- H02M1/0025—Arrangements for modifying reference values, feedback values or error values in the control loop of a converter
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to control devices and power conversion devices.
- a power converter equipped with voltage-controlled virtual synchronous machine control (hereinafter also referred to as a "virtual synchronous machine") is controlled to simulate behavior when a synchronous generator to be simulated is connected to an electric power system. be done.
- the behavior of the simulated synchronous generator is realized by solving the perturbation equation.
- Patent Document 1 discusses suppression of overcurrent while maintaining virtual synchronous machine control in a converter provided with virtual synchronous control.
- Patent Document 1 has a compensating means for compensating the output voltage command value in order to suppress overcurrent.
- the compensating means is configured to set the compensated output voltage command value existing on the control circle as the output voltage command value on condition that the output voltage command value is out of the control circle.
- step-out may occur when performing control simulating a synchronous generator. In this case, even after the disturbance in the electric power system subsides, it is not possible to stably perform control simulating a synchronous generator.
- An object of one aspect of the present disclosure is to provide a control device and a power conversion device that can stably control a power converter simulating a synchronous generator while suppressing overcurrent.
- a control device controls a power converter that converts DC power into AC power and outputs the AC power to a power system.
- the control device includes a generator simulating unit that generates a voltage command value for the power converter by simulating the characteristics of the synchronous generator based on the alternating voltage and alternating current in the electric power system, and the voltage command value generated by the generator simulating unit. and a signal generator that generates a control signal for the power converter based on the voltage command value.
- the generator simulating unit includes a first integrator that time-integrates a first difference between the active power calculated based on the AC voltage and the AC current and a target value of the active power to output a first angular frequency; Based on a second integrator that time-integrates the angular frequency and outputs the phase of the AC voltage output from the power converter, the AC voltage, the target value of the AC voltage, and the phase output from the second integrator and a voltage command generator that generates a voltage command value.
- the first integrator calculates the AC voltage regardless of the result of the time integration of the first difference. and the reference angular frequency as the first angular frequency.
- a power converter includes a power converter that converts DC power into AC power and outputs the AC power to a power system, and a control device that controls the power converter.
- the control device includes a generator simulating unit that generates a voltage command value for the power converter by simulating the characteristics of the synchronous generator based on the alternating voltage and alternating current in the electric power system, and the voltage command value generated by the generator simulating unit. and a signal generator that generates a control signal for the power converter based on the voltage command value.
- the generator simulating unit includes a first integrator that time-integrates a first difference between the active power calculated based on the AC voltage and the AC current and a target value of the active power to output a first angular frequency; Based on a second integrator that time-integrates the angular frequency and outputs the phase of the AC voltage output from the power converter, the AC voltage, the target value of the AC voltage, and the phase output from the second integrator and a voltage command generator that generates a voltage command value.
- the first integrator calculates the AC voltage regardless of the result of the time integration of the first difference. and the reference angular frequency as the first angular frequency.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a method of generating a voltage command value by a voltage command generation unit; 5 is a flow chart showing an example of a processing procedure of a voltage command generator; 3 is a block diagram showing a specific functional configuration of an angular frequency generator; FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing an example of a processing procedure of an angular frequency generator; 3 is a block diagram showing a specific functional configuration of a phase generator; FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing a processing procedure of a phase generator;
- FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining an example of the overall configuration of a power conversion system.
- the power conversion system includes a power system 2 , a transformer 3 , a power converter 6 , a current detector 7 , a voltage detector 8 and a DC system 30 .
- Power conversion device 6 includes a control device 10 and a power converter 20 .
- the power converter 20 is a power converter that performs power conversion between the DC system 30 and the power system 2 . Specifically, the power converter 20 is connected to the power system 2 via the transformer 3, converts the DC power from the DC system 30 into AC power, and outputs the AC power to the power system 2. .
- Power converter 20 is, for example, a self-commutated converter such as a two-level converter, a three-level converter, or a modular multi-level converter.
- the power system 2 is, for example, a three-phase AC system.
- the DC system 30 is, for example, a DC transmission line.
- the current detector 7 detects the three-phase alternating current of the power system 2 . Specifically, current detector 7 detects a-phase AC current Ia, b-phase AC current Ib, and c-phase AC current Ic of electric power system 2 . AC currents Ia, Ib, and Ic are input to control device 10 .
- the alternating currents Ia, Ib, and Ic are hereinafter collectively referred to as alternating current Isys.
- the voltage detector 8 detects the three-phase AC voltage of the power system 2 . Specifically, voltage detector 8 detects a-phase AC voltage Va, b-phase AC voltage Vb, and c-phase AC voltage Vc of electric power system 2 .
- AC voltages Va, Vb, and Vc are input to control device 10 .
- the AC voltages Va, Vb, and Vc are hereinafter collectively referred to as the AC voltage Vsys.
- the control device 10 is a device that controls the operation of the power converter 20 .
- the control device 10 includes a generator simulating section 101 and a signal generating section 103 as main functional configurations.
- Each function of the generator simulating unit 101 and the signal generating unit 103 is implemented by a processing circuit.
- the processing circuit may be dedicated hardware, or may be a CPU that executes a program stored in the internal memory of the control device 10 . If the processing circuitry is dedicated hardware, the processing circuitry may be, for example, an FPGA, an ASIC, or a combination thereof.
- the generator simulating unit 101 generates a voltage command value for the power converter 20 by simulating the characteristics of the synchronous generator based on the AC voltage Vsys and the AC current Isys in the electric power system 2 .
- generator simulating section 101 simulates the behavior of a synchronous generator by solving the equation of motion shown in Equation (1) below.
- Phase is a target value of active power to be output from power converter 20 (hereinafter also referred to as “target active power value”)
- Pe is active power output from power converter 20
- M is the moment of inertia of the simulated generator
- ⁇ is the difference between the angular frequency ⁇ of the rotor of the simulated generator and the reference angular frequency ⁇ 0 of the electric power system 2
- D is the moment of inertia of the simulated generator. is the damping coefficient.
- phase the voltage phase angle of the simulated generator
- the generator simulating unit 101 includes an angular frequency generating unit 11, a phase generating unit 13, and a voltage command generating unit 15.
- the angular frequency generator 11 generates an angular frequency deviation ⁇ based on the AC current Isys and AC voltage Vsys, and the flag F from the voltage command generator 15 .
- Flag F is a flag indicating whether or not a voltage command value for current suppression has been generated in voltage command generator 15 . For example, when the flag F is "1", it indicates that the voltage command value for current suppression is generated, and when the flag F is "0", the voltage command value for current suppression is not generated (that is, A normal voltage command value is generated).
- Angular frequency generator 11 generates angular frequency deviation ⁇ by time integration according to equation (1) when flag F is “0”, and current power system 2 when flag F is “1”. is generated as an angular frequency deviation ⁇ .
- the reference angular frequency ⁇ 0 is the angular frequency of the reference frequency (for example, 50 Hz or 60 Hz) of power in the power system 2 . A specific configuration of the angular frequency generator 11 will be described later.
- the phase generator 13 generates the phase ⁇ based on the angular frequency deviation ⁇ generated by the angular frequency generator 11, the reference angular frequency ⁇ 0, and the flag F and the phase ⁇ ref from the voltage command generator 15.
- the phase generation unit 13 When the flag F is "0", the phase generation unit 13 generates the phase ⁇ by time integration according to equation (2), and when the flag F is "1", the voltage command value Vref for current suppression is calculated.
- Phase ⁇ ref is the phase of voltage command value Vref generated by voltage command generation unit 15 .
- a specific configuration of the phase generator 13 will be described later.
- Voltage command generation unit 15 generates electric power based on AC voltage Vsys of electric power system 2, a target value (hereinafter also referred to as target voltage) V réelle of AC voltage Vsys, and phase ⁇ output from phase generation unit 13.
- a voltage command value Vref for the converter 20 is generated.
- the magnitude (that is, absolute value) of voltage command value Vref is described as
- the voltage command generator 15 determines whether or not to suppress the current flowing through the power converter 20 based on the voltage difference ⁇ V between the AC voltage Vsys and the target voltage V réelle. When the voltage difference ⁇ V is equal to or less than the threshold Th, the voltage command generator 15 determines not to suppress the current. In this case, the voltage command generation unit 15 sets the absolute value
- the voltage command generation unit 15 sets the value of the flag F to "1" when determining to suppress the current, and sets the value of the flag F to "0" when determining not to suppress the current.
- Voltage command generator 15 outputs flag F to angular frequency generator 11 and phase generator 13 .
- Signal generation unit 103 generates a control signal for power converter 20 based on absolute value
- the signal generator 103 includes a three-phase voltage generator 17 and a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) controller 19 .
- the three-phase voltage generator 17 generates three-phase sinusoidal voltages Va*, Vb*, Vc* based on the absolute value
- and the phase ⁇ ref from the voltage command generator 15 . Specifically, Va*
- ⁇ sin( ⁇ ref), Vb*
- ⁇ sin( ⁇ ref+2 ⁇ /3), and Vc*
- the PWM control unit 19 performs pulse width modulation on each of the three-phase sinusoidal voltages Va*, Vb*, and Vc* to generate control signals as PWM signals.
- PWM control unit 19 outputs the control signal to power converter 20 .
- the control signal is a gate control signal for controlling on and off of each switching element included in power converter 20 .
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a hardware configuration example of the control device 10. As shown in FIG. FIG. 2 shows an example of configuring the control device 10 by a computer.
- control device 10 includes one or more input converters 70, one or more sample and hold (S/H) circuits 71, multiplexer (MUX) 72, A/D converter 73 , one or more CPU (Central Processing Unit) 74, RAM (Random Access Memory) 75, ROM (Read Only Memory) 76, one or more input/output interfaces 77, and auxiliary storage device 78 .
- Controller 10 also includes a bus 79 interconnecting components.
- the input converter 70 has an auxiliary transformer for each input channel.
- Each auxiliary transformer converts the signals detected by current detector 7 and voltage detector 8 of FIG. 1 to signals of voltage levels suitable for subsequent signal processing.
- a sample hold circuit 71 is provided for each input converter 70 .
- the sample hold circuit 71 samples and holds the signal representing the electric quantity received from the corresponding input converter 70 at a prescribed sampling frequency.
- a multiplexer 72 sequentially selects the signals held in the plurality of sample hold circuits 71 .
- A/D converter 73 converts the signal selected by multiplexer 72 into a digital value. By providing a plurality of A/D converters 73, A/D conversion may be performed in parallel on detection signals of a plurality of input channels.
- the CPU 74 controls the entire control device 10 and executes arithmetic processing according to a program.
- a RAM 75 as a volatile memory and a ROM 76 as a nonvolatile memory are used as main memory of the CPU 74 .
- the ROM 76 stores programs and set values for signal processing.
- the auxiliary storage device 78 is a non-volatile memory having a larger capacity than the ROM 76, and stores programs, data of detected electric quantity values, and the like.
- the input/output interface 77 is an interface circuit for communication between the CPU 74 and external devices.
- control device 10 can be configured using circuits such as FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) and ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit).
- FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
- ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
- Voltage command generator The method of changing the voltage command value Vref in order to suppress the overcurrent in the voltage command generation unit 15 is the same as that disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2002-200014.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the method of generating the voltage command value by the voltage command generation unit.
- a voltage vector ⁇ V réelle> obtained by transforming the target voltage V réelle into a rotating coordinate system consisting of the d-axis and the q-axis and a voltage vector ⁇ Vsys> obtained by transforming the AC voltage Vsys into the rotating coordinate system are the rotating coordinate axes.
- the voltage vector ⁇ Vsys> is created from the absolute value
- the voltage vector ⁇ Vo> is the absolute value
- FIG. 3 also shows a control circle G with a radius r centered on the end point of the voltage vector ⁇ Vsys>.
- the radius r is a preset value and corresponds to the threshold Th described above. It is assumed that the dq conversion is performed on the basis of the rotor phase of the virtual synchronous machine, and the voltage vector ⁇ V?> of the target voltage V? exists on the d-axis.
- FIG. 3A shows a case where the power system 2 is relatively normal and the voltage difference ⁇ V between the voltage vector ⁇ Vsys> and the voltage vector ⁇ V Schau> is less than or equal to the radius r (that is, when the voltage vector ⁇ V Schau> is controlled in the circle G).
- ⁇ V>
- the voltage command generator 15 determines that there is no need to suppress the current, and generates a normal voltage command value Vref.
- the voltage command generation unit 15 sets the absolute value
- FIG. 3(b) shows a case where the power system 2 is disturbed and the voltage difference ⁇ V between the voltage vector ⁇ Vsys> and the voltage vector ⁇ V réelle> is larger than the radius r (that is, when the voltage vector ⁇ V réelle> is the control circle outside of G).
- the voltage command generator 15 determines that it is necessary to suppress the current, and generates a voltage command value Vref for current suppression.
- the voltage command generator 15 creates a voltage vector ⁇ Vx> with the origin as the starting point and the intersection point K as the ending point.
- the intersection point K is the intersection point of the control circle G and a straight line connecting the end point of the voltage vector ⁇ Vsys> and the end point of the voltage vector ⁇ Vo>.
- the voltage command generation unit 15 sets the absolute value
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing procedure of the voltage command generation unit. Each step in FIG. 4 is typically performed by the processing circuitry of controller 10 .
- voltage command generation unit 15 determines whether or not to suppress the current (step S10). Specifically, the voltage command generator 15 determines not to suppress the current when the voltage difference ⁇ V between the AC voltage Vsys and the target voltage V Meeting is equal to or less than the threshold Th (that is, the radius r of the control circle G). , and the voltage difference ⁇ V is larger than the threshold value Th, it is determined that the current is suppressed.
- the threshold Th that is, the radius r of the control circle G
- step S10 When suppressing the current (YES in step S10), the voltage command generator 15 generates a voltage command value Vref based on the absolute value
- step S10 If the current is not to be suppressed (NO in step S10), the voltage command generator 15 generates a voltage command value Vref based on the absolute value
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a specific functional configuration of the angular frequency generator 11. As shown in FIG. Referring to FIG. 5 , angular frequency generator 11 includes an active power calculator 201 and an angular frequency calculator 202 .
- the active power calculator 201 calculates the current active power Pe of the electric power system 2 based on the AC current Isys detected by the current detector 7 and the AC voltage Vsys detected by the voltage detector 8 .
- the angular frequency calculator 202 includes a subtractor 211, an integrator (denoted as “1/MS” in the drawing) 212, a proportional device (denoted as “D” in the drawing) 213, and a limit setting unit 215. include.
- the limit setting unit 215 sets the limit value of the integrator 212 based on the AC voltage Vsys, the reference angular frequency ⁇ 0, and the flag F from the voltage command generation unit 15. Specifically, when the flag F is “0” (that is, when the current is not suppressed), the limit setting unit 215 sets the upper limit value of the integrator 212 to + ⁇ and the lower limit value to ⁇ Set to ⁇ . That is, limit setting section 215 does not limit the output value of integrator 212 .
- the limit setting unit 215 sets both the upper limit value and the lower limit value to the angular frequency ⁇ s of the AC voltage Vsys of the electric power system 2 and the reference angular frequency ⁇ 0, which is the difference value of ⁇ s ⁇ 0. That is, limit setting section 215 limits the output value of integrator 212 to “ ⁇ s ⁇ 0”.
- the subtractor 211 subtracts the output value of the proportional device 213 from the difference ⁇ P between the active power target value Po and the active power Pe.
- the active power target value Po is appropriately set by the system operator.
- the output value of the proportional device 213 is the product of the angular frequency deviation ⁇ and the damping coefficient D, “D ⁇ ”.
- the angular frequency calculator 202 simulates the braking force of the synchronous generator in controlling the power converter 20 .
- a configuration in which the output value of the proportional device 213 is not input to the subtractor 211 may be employed.
- the integrator 212 time-integrates the output value of the subtractor 211 and outputs the angular frequency deviation ⁇ .
- the integrator 212 time-integrates the difference ⁇ P between the active power target value Po and the active power Pe to output the angular frequency deviation ⁇ .
- the integrator 212 calculates the output value of the subtractor 211 (or the difference ⁇ P ) is time-integrated and output as the angular frequency deviation ⁇ .
- the integrator 212 sets the time Regardless of the integration result, " ⁇ s- ⁇ 0" is output as the angular frequency deviation ⁇ .
- This angular frequency deviation ⁇ corresponds to the difference between the current angular frequency ⁇ s of the AC voltage Vsys of the electric power system 2 and the reference angular frequency ⁇ 0.
- the output value of the subtractor 211 is " ⁇ s ⁇ 0" is set to the angular frequency deviation ⁇ regardless of the time integration result of . The reason for this will be explained below.
- the voltage command value Vref for current suppression (hereinafter also referred to as voltage command value Vref*) is a voltage command value based on the absolute value
- the angular frequency deviation ⁇ output by the integrator 212 through time integration the angular frequency deviation ⁇ s of the AC voltage Vsys of the electric power system 2, and the angular frequency ⁇ 0 of the reference angular frequency increases. As a result, step-out may occur in control simulating a synchronous generator.
- the integrator 212 calculates the difference value “ ⁇ s ⁇ 0” between the current angular frequency ⁇ s of the AC voltage Vsys of the electric power system 2 and the reference angular frequency ⁇ 0 as an angle. Since the frequency deviation ⁇ is output, an increase in the difference J can be prevented. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of step-out while suppressing overcurrent, and it becomes easy to return to the control simulating the synchronous generator when the disturbance of the electric power system 2 subsides.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing procedure of the angular frequency generator 11.
- FIG. Each step in FIG. 6 is typically performed by the processing circuitry of controller 10 .
- angular frequency generator 11 determines whether flag F is "1" (step S30).
- the angular frequency generation unit 11 calculates the difference value " ⁇ s- ⁇ 0 ” is generated as the angular frequency deviation ⁇ (step S32).
- flag F is "0" (NO in step S30)
- angular frequency generator 11 generates angular frequency deviation ⁇ by time-integrating the output value of subtractor 211 (step S34).
- phase generator 13 is a block diagram showing a specific functional configuration of the phase generator. 7, phase generator 13 includes a limit setting unit 301, an adder 302, and an integrator 304. In FIG.
- the limit setting unit 301 sets the limit value of the integrator 304 based on the phase ⁇ ref of the voltage command value Vref and the flag F. Specifically, when the flag F is “0” (that is, when the current is not suppressed), the limit setting unit 301 sets the upper limit value of the integrator 304 to + ⁇ and the lower limit value to ⁇ Set to ⁇ . That is, limit setting section 301 does not limit the output value of integrator 304 .
- the limit setting unit 301 sets both the upper limit value and the lower limit value to the phase ⁇ ref.
- the phase ⁇ ref is the phase ⁇ x, so the upper limit value and the lower limit value are set to the phase ⁇ x. That is, limit setting section 301 limits the output value of integrator 304 to “ ⁇ x”.
- Integrator 304 time-integrates angular frequency ⁇ and outputs phase ⁇ of AC voltage Vsys output from power converter 20 .
- the integrator 304 calculates the angular frequency deviation ⁇ and the reference angular frequency ⁇ 0. is added (that is, the angular frequency ⁇ ) is time-integrated and output as the phase ⁇ .
- the integrator 304 is set by the voltage command generation unit 15 to The phase ⁇ x of the generated current control voltage command value Vref* is output as the phase ⁇ .
- the power converter 20 when the control signal generated by the signal generator 103 is output to the power converter 20 based on the voltage command value Vref*, the power converter 20 outputs the AC voltage Vsys of the phase ⁇ x. That is, the phase of the power system 2 becomes " ⁇ x".
- the difference between the phase ⁇ as a result of time integration by the integrator 304 and the phase ⁇ x of the electric power system 2 increases.
- the integrator 304 outputs the phase ⁇ x of the electric power system 2 as the phase ⁇ , thereby preventing the difference from increasing. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of step-out while suppressing overcurrent, and it becomes easier to return to the control simulating the synchronous generator when the disturbance of the electric power system 2 subsides.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the processing procedure of the phase generation unit 13.
- phase generation unit 13 when flag F is "1" (YES in step S50), phase generation unit 13 generates phase ⁇ x of voltage command value Vref* as phase ⁇ (step S52).
- the phase generator 13 when the flag F is "0" (NO in step S50), the phase generator 13 generates the phase ⁇ by time-integrating the sum of the angular frequency deviation ⁇ and the reference angular frequency ⁇ 0 (step S54).
- the configuration for limiting the output of the integrator 212 of the angular frequency generator 11 and the integrator 304 of the phase generator 13 during current suppression has been described.
- the configuration may be such that only the output of the integrator 212 of the angular frequency generator 11 is limited.
- the integrator 212 outputs the difference value “ ⁇ s ⁇ 0” between the current angular frequency ⁇ s of the AC voltage Vsys of the electric power system 2 and the reference angular frequency ⁇ 0 as the angular frequency deviation ⁇ .
- phase generator 13 calculates the phase ⁇ by performing time integration based on the adjusted angular frequency deviation ⁇ , the difference between the calculated phase ⁇ and the phase of the electric power system 2 is considered not large. Therefore, even with this configuration, control simulating a synchronous generator can be stably performed on power converter 20 . Further, according to this configuration, the function of limiting the output value of the integrator 304 can be omitted, so the processing load on the control device 10 can be reduced.
- the voltage command generator 15 determines whether or not to suppress the current flowing through the power converter 20 based on the voltage difference ⁇ V between the AC voltage Vsys and the target voltage V réelle. has been described, but it is not limited to this configuration.
- voltage command generation unit 15 may determine whether to suppress the current flowing through power converter 20 based on alternating current Isys and reference current value Ith. Specifically, when the alternating current Isys is equal to or less than the reference current value Ith, the voltage command generator 15 determines not to suppress the current. When the alternating current Isys is greater than the reference current value Ith, the voltage command generator 15 determines to suppress the current.
- the processing after the processing for determining whether or not to suppress the current is the same as the processing in steps S12 to S18 in FIG. Specifically, when the current is not suppressed, the voltage command generation unit 15 generates the voltage command value Vref based on the absolute value
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Abstract
Description
図1は、電力変換システムの全体構成の一例を説明するための図である。電力変換システムは、電力系統2と、変圧器3と、電力変換装置6と、電流検出器7と、電圧検出器8と、直流系統30とを含む。電力変換装置6は、制御装置10と、電力変換器20とを含む。
図2は、制御装置10のハードウェア構成例を示す図である。図2には、コンピュータによって制御装置10を構成する例が示される。
発電機模擬部101の角周波数生成部11と、位相生成部13と、電圧指令生成部15の具体的な構成について説明する。
電圧指令生成部15において、過電流を抑制するために電圧指令値Vrefを変更する方式自体は、特許文献1に開示されている内容と同様である。
図5は、角周波数生成部11の具体的な機能構成を示すブロック図である。図5を参照して、角周波数生成部11は、有効電力算出部201と、角周波数演算部202とを含む。
図7は、位相生成部の具体的な機能構成を示すブロック図である。図7を参照して、位相生成部13は、リミット設定部301と、加算器302と、積分器304とを含む。
(1)上述した実施の形態では、電流抑制時において、角周波数生成部11の積分器212および位相生成部13の積分器304の出力を制限する構成について説明したが、当該構成に限られず、例えば、角周波数生成部11の積分器212の出力のみを制限する構成であってもよい。この場合、積分器212は、現時点での電力系統2の交流電圧Vsysの角周波数ωsと基準角周波数ω0との差分値“ωs-ω0”を角周波数偏差Δωとして出力する。位相生成部13は、調整された角周波数偏差Δωに基づく時間積分を実行して位相θを算出するため、当該算出された位相θと電力系統2の位相との差は大きくないと考えられる。したがって、当該構成であっても、電力変換器20に対する、同期発電機を模擬した制御を安定して行なうことができる。また、当該構成によると、積分器304の出力値を制限する機能を省略できるため、制御装置10の処理負担を小さくできる。
Claims (7)
- 直流電力を交流電力に変換して、当該交流電力を電力系統に出力する電力変換器を制御する制御装置であって、
前記電力系統における交流電圧および交流電流に基づいて同期発電機の特性を模擬することにより、前記電力変換器に対する電圧指令値を生成する発電機模擬部と、
前記発電機模擬部により生成された前記電圧指令値に基づいて、前記電力変換器に対する制御信号を生成する信号生成部とを備え、
前記発電機模擬部は、
前記交流電圧および前記交流電流に基づいて算出される有効電力と前記有効電力の目標値との第1差分を時間積分して第1角周波数を出力する第1積分器と、
前記第1角周波数を時間積分して前記電力変換器から出力される前記交流電圧の位相を出力する第2積分器と、
前記交流電圧と、前記交流電圧の目標値と、前記第2積分器から出力される前記位相とに基づいて、前記電圧指令値を生成する電圧指令生成部とを含み、
前記交流電圧と前記交流電圧の目標値との電圧差が閾値よりも大きい場合または前記交流電流が基準電流値よりも大きい場合、前記第1積分器は、前記第1差分の時間積分の結果によらず、前記交流電圧の角周波数と基準角周波数との差分を前記第1角周波数として出力する、制御装置。 - 前記電圧差が前記閾値以下である場合または前記交流電流が前記基準電流値以下である場合、前記第1積分器は、前記第1差分を時間積分した結果を前記第1角周波数として出力する、請求項1に記載の制御装置。
- 前記電圧差が前記閾値よりも大きい場合または前記交流電流が前記基準電流値よりも大きい場合、前記第2積分器は、前記第1角周波数の時間積分の結果によらず、前記電圧指令生成部により生成される前記電圧指令値の位相を、前記電力変換器から出力される前記交流電圧の位相として出力する、請求項1または請求項2に記載の制御装置。
- 前記電圧差が前記閾値以下である場合または前記交流電流が前記基準電流値以下である場合、前記第2積分器は、前記第1角周波数と前記基準角周波数との加算値を時間積分した値を、前記電力変換器から出力される前記交流電圧の位相として出力する、請求項1~請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の制御装置。
- 前記電圧指令生成部は、
前記交流電圧と前記交流電圧の目標値とをd軸及びq軸からなる回転座標系に変換し、前記交流電圧を中心とする制御円を規定し、
前記電圧差が前記閾値よりも大きい場合または前記交流電流が前記基準電流値よりも大きい場合、前記交流電圧の目標値のベクトルと、前記交流電圧のベクトルとを結ぶ直線と前記制御円との交点への電圧ベクトルを生成し、前記電圧ベクトルの大きさを前記電圧指令値の大きさとして設定し、前記電圧ベクトルの位相を前記電圧指令値の位相として設定し、
前記閾値は、前記制御円の半径である、請求項4に記載の制御装置。 - 前記電圧差が前記閾値以下である場合または前記交流電流が前記基準電流値以下である場合、前記電圧指令生成部は、前記交流電圧の目標値の大きさを前記電圧指令値の大きさとして設定し、前記第2積分器から出力される前記位相を前記電圧指令値の位相として設定する、請求項5に記載の制御装置。
- 直流電力を交流電力に変換して、当該交流電力を電力系統に出力する電力変換器と、
前記電力変換器を制御する制御装置とを備え、
前記制御装置は、
前記電力系統における交流電圧および交流電流に基づいて同期発電機の特性を模擬することにより、前記電力変換器に対する電圧指令値を生成する発電機模擬部と、
前記発電機模擬部により生成された前記電圧指令値に基づいて、前記電力変換器に対する制御信号を生成する信号生成部とを含み、
前記発電機模擬部は、
前記交流電圧および前記交流電流に基づいて算出される有効電力と前記有効電力の目標値との第1差分を時間積分して第1角周波数を出力する第1積分器と、
前記第1角周波数を時間積分して前記電力変換器から出力される前記交流電圧の位相を出力する第2積分器と、
前記交流電圧と、前記交流電圧の目標値と、前記第2積分器から出力される前記位相とに基づいて、前記電圧指令値を生成する電圧指令生成部とを含み、
前記交流電圧と前記交流電圧の目標値との電圧差が閾値よりも大きい場合または前記交流電流が基準電流値よりも大きい場合、前記第1積分器は、前記第1差分の時間積分の結果によらず、前記交流電圧の角周波数と基準角周波数との差分を前記第1角周波数として出力する、電力変換装置。
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