WO2022193879A1 - 电化学装置、电池包及用电装置 - Google Patents

电化学装置、电池包及用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022193879A1
WO2022193879A1 PCT/CN2022/075902 CN2022075902W WO2022193879A1 WO 2022193879 A1 WO2022193879 A1 WO 2022193879A1 CN 2022075902 W CN2022075902 W CN 2022075902W WO 2022193879 A1 WO2022193879 A1 WO 2022193879A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrochemical device
protection
protection body
protective
tabs
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/075902
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴灏
王雄华
Original Assignee
东莞新能安科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202110288102.8A external-priority patent/CN112886106A/zh
Application filed by 东莞新能安科技有限公司 filed Critical 东莞新能安科技有限公司
Priority to EP22770234.7A priority Critical patent/EP4307443A1/en
Publication of WO2022193879A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022193879A1/zh
Priority to US18/468,033 priority patent/US20240006693A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/14—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings for protecting against damage caused by external factors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/105—Pouches or flexible bags
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/211—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for pouch cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/284—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with incorporated circuit boards, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/3425—Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
    • H01M50/55—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on the same side of the cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • H01M2200/20—Pressure-sensitive devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery manufacturing, in particular to an electrochemical device, a battery pack and an electrical device.
  • Soft-pack lithium-ion batteries have the advantages of high energy density and wide adaptability, and are increasingly used in electric vehicles.
  • the core of the soft-pack lithium-ion battery is packaged with aluminum-plastic film. Due to the large deformation space of the aluminum-plastic film, it is not like the steel-shell aluminum-shell battery cell, which will explode when thermally out of control. Soft-pack lithium-ion batteries also have the advantages of light weight and larger capacity of the same size. However, due to the low strength of the aluminum-plastic film, there are also some risks in the subsequent assembly and use process. For example, the cell has poor anti-drop performance, and the aluminum-plastic film is easily damaged by impact, resulting in safety risks such as liquid leakage.
  • the present application provides an electrochemical device, a battery pack and an electrical device, so as to improve the problem of poor mechanical performance of the existing electrochemical device and improve the mechanical reliability of the electrochemical device.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides an electrochemical device, comprising: a body and a first protection body, wherein the first protection body is provided at an end of the body where the tabs are provided. A part of the tab is disposed in the first protective body, and another part of the tab extends out of the first protective body.
  • the end of the body provided with the tabs is provided with a first protection body, which can avoid the risk of failure of the electrochemical device due to mechanical action. For example, when being impacted or shaken, the top sealing area of the electrochemical device can be prevented from being punched out and the head angular position failure caused by the impact of the electrolyte. In addition, by using the heat-absorbing effect of the first protector, a certain cooling effect can also be provided for the electrochemical device.
  • the body of the electrochemical device further includes a plurality of side surfaces connected to the end provided with the tabs, and the first protection body also covers a partial area of the multiple side surfaces, and the partial area is connected to the side surface.
  • the body is provided with one end of the tab.
  • the first protective body extends to a partial area with multiple side surfaces, so that the first protective body can be tightly combined with the main body.
  • the first protection body extends to a partial region with the plurality of side surfaces, so as to reinforce the corners that are easily punched open.
  • the top seal of the first protective body covering the body is provided with a weak structure, such as a notch or the like.
  • the main body is generally designed with a pressure relief area during thermal runaway, such as the top seal of the main body.
  • the first protective body is provided with a weak structure at the top seal to avoid the introduction of the first protective body from affecting the pressure relief design of the electrochemical device.
  • the weak structure may correspond to the position of the pressure relief valve of the body. When an abnormality causes thermal runaway, the gas generated inside the body can pierce the packaging shell of the body from the weak structure to avoid explosion.
  • the first protection body covers at least a top seal of the electro-chemical device body.
  • the top seal that is easily punched out can be reinforced, and the top seal at the head of the main body can be prevented from being punched out.
  • the cross-section of the first protective body includes an L-shaped structure, which can save material without affecting the function of the first protective body, and can also provide operating space for subsequent processes.
  • the first protection body is provided with a first through hole, and the tab of the body extends out of the first protection body from the first through hole.
  • the first protection body is integrated with the body, so as to facilitate the operation of the electrochemical device and provide protection during the manufacturing process.
  • the first protection body is formed with a second through hole for positioning.
  • the electrochemical device further includes a sensor and a wire, the sensor is in contact with the body and is disposed between the first protection body and the body, the wire is electrically connected to the sensor and is connected from the body The second through hole of the first protection body protrudes.
  • it further includes: a second protection body, disposed on the second end of the main body, the second end is opposite to the end of the main body where the tabs are disposed.
  • a second protective body may reinforce the second end of the body and provide protection.
  • the electrochemical device further includes: a third protective body, disposed on the first side of the body, and the first side is respectively opposite to the end of the body where the tabs are provided and the second end connect.
  • the third protector can provide reinforcement and protection to the sides of the electrochemical device.
  • the third protective body includes a first surface and a second surface, the first side surface and the second side surface connecting the first surface and the second surface, and the second side surface is provided with a concave that fits with the side of the body. groove.
  • the first side surface protrudes outward to form an arc-shaped protrusion
  • the arc-shaped protrusion matches with an arc-shaped installation groove inside the module housing.
  • the first protection body and the second protection body are integrally formed.
  • the first protection body, the second protection body and the third protection body are integrally formed.
  • at least one of the above-mentioned protection bodies can be formed on the encapsulation shell of the electrochemical device by one-shot molding by means of low pressure injection molding or gluing.
  • the first protection body and the second protection body are integrated with the body; or alternatively, the first protection body, the second protection body and the third protection body are integrated with the body.
  • At least one of the first protection body, the second protection body and the third protection body is an elastic member made of potting glue or plastic.
  • the elastic modulus of the elastic member is greater than 5MPa.
  • the present application also provides a battery pack, comprising at least two electrochemical devices according to any one of the above, the at least two electrochemical devices being stacked.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a method for manufacturing an electrochemical device, including: a process of preparing a body; a first protective body is provided at the end of the body where the tabs are arranged, and a part of the body is covered with the first protective body Pole ear.
  • a first protection body is provided at the end of the body provided with the tabs
  • a second protection body is further provided at the second end of the body, the second end being opposite to the end of the body provided with the tabs.
  • a protective body disposed on the body can be formed on the body, so as to improve the mechanical properties of the electrochemical device and reduce the failure risk of the subsequent electrochemical device.
  • the method is simple, convenient and low-cost.
  • arranging the first protective body on the end of the body provided with the pole lug includes: arranging the surrounding fitting on the end of the body provided with the pole lug, and then arranging the surrounding fitting on the end of the body.
  • the body is placed in an injection molding or gluing equipment for injection molding or gluing; after injection molding or gluing, the surrounding fitting and the injection molding or gluing material form the first protection body.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides an electrical device, comprising a load and the electrochemical device according to any one of the above, wherein the electrochemical device supplies power to the load.
  • the electrical device is an electric vehicle.
  • FIG 1 and 2 are schematic structural diagrams of the electrochemical device according to the first embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 3 and 4 are schematic structural diagrams of the electrochemical device according to the second embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 and 6 are schematic structural diagrams of the electrochemical device according to the third embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the electrochemical device according to the fourth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrochemical device according to a fifth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrochemical device according to a sixth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 are schematic structural diagrams of the electrochemical device according to the seventh embodiment of the present application.
  • 16 is a schematic flowchart of a method for manufacturing an electrochemical device according to an embodiment of the application.
  • 17 is a schematic diagram of injection molding using a surrounding fitting according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrochemical device according to a tenth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrochemical device according to an eleventh embodiment of the present application.
  • 20 is a schematic exploded view of the structure of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the application.
  • 21 is a schematic structural diagram of a plurality of stacked electrochemical devices in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic exploded view of the structure of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of a battery pack provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 24 is a schematic structural diagram of a third protection body in an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 25 is another schematic structural diagram of the third protection body in the embodiment of the application.
  • 26 is a schematic structural diagram of a casing according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 27 is a schematic structural diagram of the electrochemical device applied to the battery pack shown in FIG. 22;
  • FIG. 28 is a schematic flowchart of a method for manufacturing a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the electrochemical device of the present application includes all devices in which an electrochemical reaction occurs.
  • electrochemical devices include, but are not limited to, all types of primary cells, secondary cells, fuel cells, solar cells, and capacitor (eg, supercapacitor) electrochemical devices.
  • the electrochemical device is particularly preferably a lithium secondary battery, including but not limited to a lithium metal secondary battery, a lithium ion secondary battery, a lithium polymer secondary battery, and a lithium ion polymer secondary battery.
  • Soft-packed cells are widely used due to their advantages of good safety, light weight, large battery capacity, good cycle performance, low internal resistance, and flexible design.
  • the soft-packed cell includes an aluminum-plastic film, a continuously wound electrode assembly (also known as a winding core) and an electrolyte disposed in the aluminum-plastic film, and the electrode assembly is drawn out from the head of the cell through a tab.
  • the electrochemical device in the embodiments of the present application may be a battery cell, particularly a soft-packed battery cell.
  • a soft-packed battery cell particularly a soft-packed battery cell.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an electrochemical device, including: a main body 10 and a first protective body 11 .
  • the main body 10 adopts the mode of single-side output of the pole ears, that is, the head of the main body 10 is provided with two pole ears 101 .
  • the first protection body 11 is disposed at the end of the main body 10 where the tabs 101 are disposed, that is, the head of the main body 10 in FIG. 1 .
  • a part of the tab 101 is disposed in the first protective body 11 , and another part of the tab 101 extends out of the first protective body 11 .
  • the first protection body 11 may be provided with a first through hole 110 , and the tab 101 of the body 10 extends out of the first protection body 11 from the first through hole 110 .
  • the body 10 of the electrochemical device may include a single cell, such as a cell or the like.
  • the end of the body 10 provided with the tabs 101 refers to the end of the body 10 out of the tabs 101 , and generally refers to the head of the cell.
  • Some bodies 10 may also have double-sided tabs, that is, one tab extends from the first end and the second end of the body 10 . end, as shown in Figures 3 and 4.
  • the first protection body 11 can also be formed as a separate accessory, which is arranged on the end of the body 10 where the tabs 101 are arranged.
  • the above-mentioned first protection body 11 can also be directly formed on one end of the tab 101 of the main body 10 (eg, the head of the cell) by low pressure injection molding, and is integrated with the casing of the main body 10 .
  • the head of the electrochemical device that is, one end of the tab 101 is provided with a first protection body 11, which can avoid the risk of failure of the electrochemical device due to mechanical action. For example, when being impacted or shaken, the top sealing area of the electrochemical device can be prevented from being punched out and the head angular position failure caused by the impact of the electrolyte.
  • a certain cooling effect can also be provided for the electrochemical device.
  • the body 10 of the electrochemical device further includes a plurality of side surfaces connected to the end provided with the tabs 101 , and the first protection body 11 also covers a partial area of the multiple side surfaces, The partial area is connected to the end of the body 10 where the tabs 101 are arranged.
  • the first protection body 11 can also cover partial regions of multiple side surfaces downward, so that the first protection body 11 can be tightly combined with the body 10 .
  • the first protective body 11 extends to a partial area of the first side surface 103 to cover at least the corner area of the main body 10 and reinforce the corners that are easily punched out.
  • the first side refers to the side of the body 10 that forms the side seal 104 .
  • the first protective body 11 includes a corner reinforcement portion 114 extending to a partial area of the first side surface 103 .
  • the corner reinforcement portion 114 reinforces the corners that are easily punched out, so as to solve the problem of easy failure of the corners.
  • the top surface of the first protective body 11 and the end surface of the body top seal 102 are equal to or higher than 0.5-3 mm.
  • the bottom surface of the first protective body 11 may be flush with the top line of the large surface of the main body, or the first protective body 11 may extend downward from the upper surface of the main body, exceeding the top line by 0.5-3 mm.
  • a weak structure such as a gap 113
  • the weak structure means that the mechanical properties of the first protection body 11 at the weak structure are weaker than other places, and when an abnormality occurs and causes thermal runaway, the electrochemical device can release pressure from the weak structure.
  • the weak structure can be covered with a relatively thin first protective body 11 , or the film structure of the first protective body 11 at the weak structure is loose, or the first protective body 11 at the weak structure is processed to obtain the above-mentioned weakening effect. .
  • the body 10 is generally designed with an explosion-proof pressure relief area, and the thickness of the first protective body 11 covered by the pressure relief area can be smaller than the first thickness to form a weak structure.
  • the first protective body 11 is provided with a notch 113 in a region corresponding to the designed pressure relief region.
  • the pressure relief area does not cover the first protective body 11 or the thickness of the covered first protective body 11 is smaller than the first thickness, so that the pressure relief design of the electrochemical device can be prevented from being affected by the thickness of the first protective body 11 .
  • the body 10 generally selects the middle area of the top seal 102 between the two tabs 101 as the pressure relief area. When the body 10 covers the protective body, it is necessary to design a gap 113 or a weak structure to meet the explosion-proof requirements. Further optionally, the pressure relief area may correspond to the position of the pressure relief valve of the body 10 .
  • the gas generated inside the body 10 can punch open the package shell from the gap 113 or weak structure to avoid explosion, so that the first protective body 11 will not affect the pressure relief during thermal runaway.
  • a top seal 102 is formed on the body 10 , and the first protection body 11 at least covers the top seal 102 .
  • the top seal 102 that is easily punched out can be reinforced, and the top seal 102 at the head of the main body 10 can be prevented from being punched out.
  • the cross section of the first protection body includes an L-shaped structure.
  • the first protection body 11 includes a first end close to the body 10 and a second end away from the body 10 .
  • the thickness D2 of the second end of the first protection body 11 is smaller than the thickness of the first end D1 .
  • the thickness D1 of the first end of the first protective body 11 and the thickness D2 of the second end of the first protective body 11 both refer to the direction perpendicular to the thickness of the main body 10 .
  • the thickness of the end of the first protective body 11 away from the main body 10 is reduced, which can save material without affecting the function of the first protective body 11 , and can also provide operation for the subsequent welding process of the tab 101 space.
  • one side of the first protective body 11 is thinned, that is, the cross section of the first protective body 11 is L-shaped.
  • the first protection body 11 may be thinned on both sides, and the top of the first protection body 11 forms a boss 112 covering part of the tab 101 .
  • the first protection body 11 is formed with a second through hole 111 for positioning.
  • the first protective body 11 is formed by methods such as injection molding, the positioning device or the fixture positions the body 10
  • the second through hole 111 is formed after injection molding.
  • the second through hole 111 may also have other shapes, and is not limited to a hole.
  • the second through hole 111 may also have a slit shape.
  • the first protection body 11 is integrated with the body 10 to facilitate the operation and protection of the electrochemical device during the manufacturing process.
  • the electrochemical device further includes: a second protection body 12 disposed on the second end of the main body 10 , the second end being opposite to the end of the main body 10 where the tabs 101 are disposed.
  • the second protection body 12 can provide reinforcement and protection to the second end of the body 10 .
  • the electrochemical device further includes: a third protection body 13 disposed on the first side surface 103 of the body. If the electrode assembly is a wound assembly, the first side 103 corresponds to the folded edge of the wound assembly; if the electrode assembly is a laminated assembly, the first side 103 is opposite to the side of the pole piece.
  • the side seal 104 is generally located on the first side 103 .
  • the third protective body 13 can provide reinforcement and protection to the sides of the electrochemical device.
  • the coating thickness of the third protection body 13 may be 0.3-2 mm.
  • the inner side of the third protective body covers at least the side seal 104 of the main body 10 , which can reinforce the side seal 104 that is easy to be punched open to prevent the side seal 104 of the electrochemical device from being punched open.
  • the outer side surface of the third protection body may be a plane surface, an arc surface or other shapes.
  • the first protection body 11 and the second protection body 12 are integrally formed.
  • the first protection body 11 , the second protection body 12 and the third protection body 13 are integrally formed.
  • at least one of the above-mentioned protection bodies can be formed on the encapsulation shell of the electrochemical device by one-shot molding by means of low pressure injection molding or gluing.
  • the above-mentioned protective body may also be other materials that are easy to be integrally molded with the packaging shell of the main body 10 .
  • At least one of the above-mentioned protective bodies is an elastic member with an elastic modulus greater than 5 MPa.
  • the protective body is made of a material with an elastic modulus greater than 5 MPa.
  • the head, or the head and the tail, or the surrounding area including the head is covered with a protective body as a protection device, which can provide protection for the electrochemical device, such as a battery cell, and improve the electrochemical device.
  • the mechanical reliability can prevent the top seal of the head of the electrochemical device from being punched out and the angular position of the head from failing, and provide a certain cooling effect on the tabs of the electrochemical device.
  • the protective structure can protect the head top seal from being punched out without hindering its anti-riot function.
  • the protection structure can be formed after the packaging process, which can avoid failure due to mechanical action in the subsequent fabrication process.
  • the electrochemical device using this protective structure does not need to be glued as a whole in the subsequent packaging process (ie, the PACK process), nor does it need to add protective devices such as foam or other components, and can be fixed in the casing by bonding or the like. It can also be fixed in the casing by, for example, the mutual pressing force generated by the electrochemical device and the casing, as well as the interference fit between the electrochemical devices, as mentioned above.
  • the electrochemical device may further include a sensor 105 and a wire 106 .
  • the sensor 105 is in contact with the main body 10 and is disposed on the first protective body 11 Between the body 10 and the body 10, the sensor 105 is used to collect predetermined parameters of the body 10, the wire 106 is electrically connected to the sensor 105 and protrudes from the second through hole 111 of the first protective body, and the wire 106 can be electrically connected to an external device, so that the sensor 105 transmits the collected predetermined parameters to the external device to execute the corresponding function.
  • the sensor 105 includes, but is not limited to, a temperature sensor.
  • the sensor 105 may be disposed between the two tabs 101 , or disposed adjacent to the tabs 101 for detecting the temperature of the tabs 101 or the body 10 , and an external device Including but not limited to a BMS (Battery Management System, battery management system) circuit board, which is used to control operations such as charging and discharging of the body 10 according to the temperature collected by the sensor 105 to ensure safety.
  • BMS Battery Management System, battery management system
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a method for manufacturing an electrochemical device, including:
  • a first protective body 11 is provided at the end of the body 10 where the tab 101 is provided, and a part of the tab 101 is covered with the first protective body 11 .
  • a first protection body 11 is arranged at the end of the body 10 where the tabs 101 are arranged, and a second protection body 12 may also be arranged at the second end of the body 10, and the second end and the body 10 are provided with a pole.
  • One end of the ear 101 is opposite.
  • the first protection body 11 is arranged at the end of the body 10 where the tabs 101 are arranged
  • the second protection body 12 may also be arranged at the second end of the body 10
  • the third protection body 10 is arranged at the first side of the body 10 . body 13.
  • a protective body is formed at least at the end of the main body 10 where the tabs are provided, which can improve the mechanical properties of the electrochemical device. result in failure.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides another method for manufacturing an electrochemical device, which is different from the above-mentioned manufacturing method in that: as shown in FIG. 17 , a surrounding fitting 20 is provided, and the surrounding fitting 20 is sleeved on the body 10 is provided with one end of the tab 101, and then the body 10 with the surrounding fitting 20 is placed in the injection molding or glue filling equipment for injection molding or glue filling; after injection molding or glue filling, the surrounding fitting 20 and the injection molding or glue filling material form the above-mentioned The first protection body 11 .
  • the surrounding fitting 20 is connected to the body 10 by injection molding or potting material, and together with the injection molding or potting material, the first protection body 11 of the head of the body is formed.
  • the soft-packed cells are packaged with aluminum-plastic film, which has a large deformation space and is inconvenient for positioning during injection molding or gluing.
  • the surrounding fitting 20 is sleeved on the end of the body 10 where the tabs 101 are arranged, and the body 10 can be positioned by the surrounding fitting 20 during injection molding. In addition, the surrounding fitting 20 can also improve the adaptability of the injection molding or gluing equipment.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide another method for manufacturing an electrochemical device, comprising:
  • a protective body is prepared, and the protective body includes at least the first protective body 11 described above; the first protective body 11 is arranged on the end of the body 10 where the tabs 101 are arranged.
  • first protection body 11 and the second protection body 12 described above are prepared, and the first protection body 11 and the second protection body 12 are respectively disposed at one end of the body 10 provided with the tabs and the opposite second end.
  • the prepared protective body includes the first protective body 11 , the second protective body 12 and the third protective body 13 described above, and the first to third protective bodies are arranged on the end of the main body 10 where the tabs are arranged, the opposite second end and the first side.
  • the electrochemical device 100 includes a body 10 and a tab 101 .
  • the body 10 includes an encapsulation film, an electrode assembly built in the encapsulation film, and a tab 101 electrically connected to the electrode assembly.
  • the electrochemical device 100 further includes a first protection body 11, the first protection body 11 is attached to the end of the main body 10 where the tab 101 is arranged, a part of the tab 101 is arranged in the first protection body 11, and the other part of the tab 101 extends The first protection body 11 is taken out.
  • the first protection body 11 is formed with a first through hole 110 , one end of the tab 101 is electrically connected to the electrode assembly, and the other end of the first protection body 11 extends from the first through hole 110 .
  • the body 10 may include a single battery, such as a battery cell or the like.
  • the end of the body 10 provided with the tabs 101 refers to the end of the electrochemical device 10 body leading out of the tabs 101 , and generally refers to the head of the cell.
  • the above-mentioned first protection body 11 can be attached to the end (eg, the head of the battery cell) provided with the tab 101 , and be integrated with the end encapsulation film of the main body 10 .
  • the first protection body 11 can also be formed as a separate fitting, and is mounted on the end of the main body 10 where the tab 101 is provided.
  • the electrochemical devices 100 with the first protective body 11 are stacked on each other, fixed inside the casing by a certain connection method, and a protective circuit board is installed to form a battery pack.
  • a certain connection method can be, for example, fixed by adhesive backing.
  • the protection circuit board is provided with a protection circuit, which is mainly used to protect the electrochemical device from over-discharging, over-charging, over-current protection, and output short-circuit protection. Of course, it may also have other functions, which are not limited in this embodiment.
  • the head of the main body 10 that is, one end of the tab 101 is provided with a first protection body 11 , which can avoid the risk of failure of the battery pack and its components due to mechanical action. For example, when being impacted or shaken, the top sealing area of the electrochemical device caused by the impact of the electrolyte can be prevented from being punched open, or the head angle of the electrochemical device fails. In addition, a certain cooling effect can also be provided to the electrochemical device by utilizing the heat-absorbing effect of the first protector.
  • the difference between the battery pack of this embodiment and the embodiment described in FIG. 18 is that, in addition to the first protective body 11 , the electrochemical device 100 of this embodiment further includes:
  • the second protection body 12 has two ends, the second ends are opposite to the end of the body 10 where the tabs 101 are arranged.
  • the second protective body 12 can be attached to the tail of the main body 10 and integrated with the packaging film of the tail.
  • the second protection body 12 can also be formed as an independent accessory, which is installed at the rear of the main body 10 .
  • first protection body 11 and the second protection body 12 may both cover part of the body 10 .
  • the first protection body 11 and the second protection body 12 can provide reinforcement and protection to the main body 10, especially the soft-covered cells, so that the main body 10, especially the soft-covered cells can be easily operated in subsequent groups.
  • the first protection body 11 and the second protection body 12 can form a regular structure that is convenient for stacking, so that a plurality of electrochemical devices 100 are stacked on each other to form a battery pack.
  • the regular structure means that the first protective body 11 and the second protective body 12 wrap the head and tail of the main body 10 , so that the electrochemical device 100 with the first protective body 11 and the second protective body 12 is integrally formed to facilitate mutual stacking.
  • This structure has a contact surface that facilitates stacking of the electrochemical devices 100 with each other, so that a plurality of electrochemical devices 100 can be stacked on each other to extend, so as to achieve the purpose of capacity expansion.
  • the regular structure can be, for example, a cube, a cube, or the like.
  • the first protection body 11 and the second protection body 12 may be integrally formed, for example, the first protection body 10 may be formed at one time at the end of the body 10 where the tabs 101 are provided and at the second end opposite to the end by one-time low pressure injection molding.
  • the protective body 11 and the second protective body 12 may be made of potting glue or plastic. Elastomeric protectors made of potting compound or plastic are easy to integrate with the encapsulation film of the pouch cell.
  • the battery pack may further include: a case 20 for accommodating the electrochemical device 100 , and the case 20 passes through at least two electrochemical devices 100 accommodated in the case 20 . Win cooperation.
  • first and second protective bodies are attached to the main body 10 and assembled into the casing 20 together with the main body 10 , an appropriate force can be applied to the stacked electrochemical devices 100 through the casing 20 to compress the electrochemical devices 100 in the casing 10 .
  • the electrochemical device 100 is constrained, so as to achieve the role of fixing the electrochemical device 100 in the casing 20 .
  • the head and tail of the main body 10 are provided with protective bodies, which can prevent the angular position of the head and the tail of the main body 10 from failing due to mechanical action.
  • a certain cooling effect can also be provided for the electrochemical device 100 by utilizing the heat-absorbing effect of the first protector 11 and the second protector 12 .
  • the battery pack of this embodiment Compared with bonding and fixing by adhesive backing by arranging a bracket box, the battery pack of this embodiment has the advantages of reliability, less grouping process, simple and convenient, easy operation and low cost. Compared with the overall glue filling solution, the battery pack of this embodiment has the advantages of light weight, convenient assembly, and saving glue filling materials.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack provided in an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of a plurality of stacked electrochemical devices in an embodiment of the application.
  • the difference between the battery pack of this embodiment and the embodiment described in FIGS. 18 and 19 is that, except for the first protective body 11 disposed at the end of the main body 10 where the tabs 101 are disposed,
  • the electrochemical device 100 in this embodiment further includes: a third protective body 13 disposed on the first side surface 103 of the main body 10 , the first side surface 103 and the The main body 10 is provided with one end of the tab 101 to be connected.
  • the body 10 includes a plurality of side surfaces connected to one end where the tab 101 is provided.
  • the plurality of side surfaces include the large surface 102 and the first side surface 103 of the body 10 .
  • the first side 103 may be a side with a folded edge of an aluminum-plastic film.
  • the hem of the aluminum-plastic film includes the sealed bond and the trimmed edge, and these areas are the weak points of the aluminum-plastic film sealed package.
  • the third protection body 13 covers at least the weak points to provide reinforcement and protection for the main body 10 .
  • the third protection body 13 can also form an independent accessory, which is installed on the first side surface 103 of the electrochemical device 10 .
  • the third protection body 13 is attached to the side of the body 10 and integrated with the side of the sealing film or the sealing case.
  • the housing 20 in FIG. 20 is composed of two parts which are mutually abutted.
  • the battery pack further includes: a protection circuit board 30 .
  • the protection circuit board 30 is disposed between the casing 20 and the first protection body 11 and is electrically connected to the electrochemical device 100 .
  • the protection circuit board 30 is disposed on the electrochemical device 100 through the first protection body 11, which can avoid mechanical effects such as friction and impact between the electrochemical device 100 and the protection circuit board 30, and protect both the electrochemical device 100 and the protection circuit.
  • Board 30. 40 is a label attached to the right, and 50 is the communication harness connecting the battery pack to the outside.
  • the first protection body 11 , the second protection body 12 and the third protection body 13 together form a regular structure which is convenient for stacking, so that a plurality of electrochemical devices 100 are stacked on each other to form a battery pack.
  • the regular structure means that the first protection body 11 , the second protection body 12 and the third protection body 13 are integrally formed into a structure which is convenient to overlap each other, and the structure at least has a contact surface which is convenient for a plurality of electrochemical devices 100 to overlap each other.
  • a plurality of electrochemical devices 100 are stacked and extended on each other, so as to achieve the purpose of capacity expansion.
  • the regular structure can be, for example, a cube, a cube, or the like.
  • the first protection body 11 , the second protection body 12 and the third protection body 13 integrally form a protection cover of the electrochemical device 10 , and have an outer structure that is convenient to overlap each other.
  • the first protection body 11 , the second protection body 12 and the third protection body 13 are integrally formed, and the end of the body 10 where the tabs 101 are arranged and the end where the tabs 101 are arranged can be formed by one-time low-pressure injection molding.
  • the second end opposite to one end and the first side surface 103 form the first protection body 11 , the second protection body 12 and the third protection body 13 at one time.
  • the first to third protection bodies can be made of potting glue or plastic.
  • the first to third protective bodies may also be other materials that facilitate integration with the packaging film of the body.
  • the casing 30 is an interference fit with at least two electrochemical devices accommodated in the casing 20 .
  • the casing 20 exerts an appropriate pressure on the stacked electrochemical devices to constrain the electrochemical devices in the casing, so as to achieve the effect of fixing the electrochemical devices in the casing.
  • the module production is simpler, with fewer materials, and the process is simpler.
  • the first protection body 11 , the second protection body 12 and the third protection body 13 may be made of elastic materials with an elastic modulus greater than 5 MPa.
  • the protective body is made of a material with an elastic modulus greater than 5 MPa.
  • the elastic modulus of the protector is too small, it may not be able to offset the impact of external force, resulting in local deformation of the diaphragm and chemical degradation. If the elastic modulus of the protector is too large, the electrochemical device 100 in the case may not be fixed.
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic structural diagram of another battery pack provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic appearance diagram of a battery pack provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the difference between the battery pack of the present embodiment and the embodiment described in FIG. 20 is that the electrochemical device 100 of the present application adopts a solution with tabs on both sides.
  • the head and tail of the electrochemical device 100 respectively have tabs 101 extending outward.
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic structural diagram of the third protection body 13 disposed on the side of the electrochemical device 100 in this embodiment.
  • the third protection body 13 includes a first surface 201 and a second surface 202 that are opposite and parallel, and two side surfaces connecting the first surface 201 and the second surface 202 are the first side surface 203 and the second side surface, respectively.
  • the second side surface opposite to the first side surface 203 is provided with a groove 200 adapted to the side edge of the main body 10 .
  • the third protection body 13 can also be designed in sections, that is, the third protection body 13 includes three parts, which cover the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the side respectively.
  • the first side surface 203 may be flat, and in other embodiments, the first side surface 203 may also protrude outward to form an arc-shaped protrusion, and the arc-shaped protrusion matches with the arc-shaped installation groove inside the module housing.
  • the second side surface of the third protection body 13 is provided with a groove 200 ; the first side surface 203 of the third protection body 13 protrudes outward to form an arc-shaped protrusion.
  • the arc-shaped protrusions are matched with the arc-shaped grooves 31 on the inner side of the casing (also known as the module casing) 3 . As shown in FIG.
  • the inner side of the existing casing 3 is provided with an arc-shaped groove 31 for assembling the bracket box, and the first side surface 203 of the third protective body 13 protrudes outward to form an arc shape with the inner side of the existing casing 3
  • the arc-shaped protrusions matched with the grooves can directly use the existing housing 3 .
  • the first protection body 11 , the second protection body 12 and the third protection body 13 can be directly formed on the sealing film or the sealing case of the main body 10 by low pressure injection molding or the like, and integrated with the sealing film or the sealing case.
  • FIG. 27 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrochemical device 100 that can be applied to the battery pack of the embodiment described in FIG. 22 .
  • the electrochemical device 100 adopts the solution of double-sided tabs, and at the same time, the head and the tail of the tabs of the electrochemical device 100 are respectively provided with a first protection body 11 and a second protection body 12 covering the main body 10 .
  • the third protection body 13 can be omitted.
  • This embodiment further provides a battery module, the battery module is composed of one or more battery cells that have been coated and pretreated.
  • a wrapping material is formed on the end of the battery cell that has undergone coating and pretreatment at the end provided with the tab, and the electrode tab of the battery core extends out of the wrapping area.
  • the battery core and the package are integrally formed.
  • the battery cell may have a single-sided electrode tab, or a double-sided electrode tab. If it is a single-sided tab, the covering can be covered on the side of the tab and the non-tab side at the bottom at the same time, and the covering and the cell are integrally formed.
  • the battery core may be bonded with the casing structure or other supporting structures, or may not be bonded, and be fixed by the binding force generated by mutual extrusion.
  • This module structure can prevent the top sealing area of the cell head from being punched out; this module structure can prevent the angular position of the head and tail of the cell from failing; this module structure provides a certain cooling effect on the cell tabs; this module
  • the structure has the characteristics of low cost and high reliability. The present solution will be further described below from the perspective of the assembly process.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a method for manufacturing a battery pack, including:
  • a first protection body 11 is provided at the end of the main body 10 where the tabs are arranged, and part of the tabs 101 exposes the first protection body 11 ;
  • the main body 10 is pretreated, and the first protection body 11 is formed on the tab side of the main body 10 .
  • the first protection body 11 is formed with a first through hole 110 , one end of the tab 101 is electrically connected to the electrode assembly, and the other end protrudes from the first through hole 110 of the first protection body 11 .
  • This step may be performed after the cell packaging process, or may be performed after the entire process of the cell is completed.
  • a second protection body 12 is also formed at the second end of the body 10 , and the second end is opposite to the end of the body 10 where the tabs 101 are provided.
  • the battery pack and the casing can be interference fit, so that the casing 20 generates pressure on the stacked electrochemical devices 100 , and the electrochemical device 100 is fixed in the casing 20 by using the pressure.
  • the first and second protection bodies 12 reinforce and protect the head and tail of the main body 10 respectively, so that the electrochemical device 100 is easy to operate.
  • a third protection body 13 is formed on the side of the main body 10 .
  • the first, second and third protection bodies constitute a complete reinforcement and protection device of the body 10, making the body 10 easy to operate.
  • the first, second and third protective bodies or one or more of them can be integrated with the sealing film or the sealing shell of the main body 10 to form a whole.
  • a first protective body can be formed on the end of the body 10 where the tab is provided, the second end opposite to the end where the tab is provided, and the side connecting the tab end and the second end by one-step low-pressure injection molding 11.
  • the second protection and the third protection body 13 The formed protective body is attached to the body 10 .
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide an electrical device, including a load and the electrochemical device according to any one of the above, and the electrochemical device does not supply power to the load.
  • the use of the electrochemical device of the present application is not particularly limited, and it can be used in any electronic device known in the art that uses electric drive.
  • the electrochemical devices of the present application may be used in, but are not limited to, backup power sources, drones, unicycles, electric vehicles with two or more wheels, motorcycles, bicycles, lighting fixtures, toys, power tools , industrial and commercial energy storage or home energy storage systems, etc.
  • an element defined by the phrase "comprises a" does not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in a process, method, article, or device that includes the element, and further, in different embodiments Components, features and elements with the same name may have the same meaning or may have different meanings, and their specific meanings need to be determined by their explanations in this specific embodiment or further combined with the context in this specific embodiment.

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Abstract

本申请提供一种电化学装置、电池包及用电装置，可改善现有电化学装置机械性能较差的问题。本申请提供的电化学装置包括本体和第一保护体，第一保护体设置于本体设置有极耳的一端，极耳的一部分设置于第一保护体内，极耳的另一部分延伸出第一保护体。

Description

电化学装置、电池包及用电装置
本申请要求于2021年03月17日提交中国专利局、申请号为CN202110288102.8、申请名称为“电化学装置、电池包及用电装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，以及于2021年03月29日提交中国专利局、申请号为CN202120635119.1、申请名称为“软包电芯和用电装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池制造领域，具体涉及一种电化学装置、电池包及用电装置。
背景技术
软包锂离子电池具有能量密度高，适应性广泛等优点，在电动汽车等的应用日益增多。
软包锂离子电池的电芯采用铝塑膜封装，由于铝塑膜变形空间较大，不像钢壳铝壳电芯那样在热失控时会发生爆炸。软包锂离子电池还具有重量轻，相同尺寸规格容量更大的优点。但由于铝塑膜强度低，在后续组装和使用过程中，也存在一些风险。例如，电芯抗跌落性能差，铝塑膜容易受冲击而损坏，导致漏液等安全风险。
发明内容
本申请提供一种电化学装置、电池包及用电装置，以改善现有电化学装置机械性能较差的问题，提升电化学装置的机械可靠性。
本申请的实施例提供一种电化学装置，包括：本体和第一保护体，所述第一保护体设置于所述本体的设置有极耳的一端。所述极耳的一部分设置于所述第一保护体内，所述极耳的另一部分延伸出所述第一保护体。
本体设置有极耳的一端设置有第一保护体，可以避免电化学装置由于机械作用导致的失效风险。例如，可以在受到冲击或晃动时，防止电解液冲击导致的电化学装置的顶封区被冲开以及头部角位失效。另外，利用第一保护体的热熔吸热的作用，还可以为电化学装置提供一定的降温作用。
可选地，所述电化学装置的本体还包括与设置有极耳的一端相连接的多个 侧面，所述第一保护体还覆盖所述多个侧面的部分区域，所述部分区域连接于所述本体设置有极耳的一端。第一保护体延伸至与多个侧面的部分区域，可以使第一保护体与本体紧密结合。
可选地，至少在本体的角部区域，第一保护体延伸至与多个侧面的部分区域，以对易被冲开的角部加固。
可选地，所述第一保护体覆盖所述本体的顶封处设置有薄弱结构，如可以是缺口等。所述本体一般设计有用于热失控时泄压的区域，例如本体的顶封，第一保护体在顶封处设置薄弱结构，可以避免因引入第一保护体影响电化学装置的泄压设计。进一步可选地，所述薄弱结构可以对应本体的泄压阀所在的位置。在出现异常导致热失控时，本体内部产生的气体可以从薄弱结构处冲开本体的封装壳体，避免发生爆炸。
可选地，所述第一保护体至少包覆所述化电学装置本体的顶封。通过第一保护体包覆顶封，可以对易于被冲开的顶封进行加固，可以防止本体头部顶封冲开。
可选地，所述第一保护体的横截面包括L形结构，可以在不影响第一保护体功能的前提下节省材料，而且还可以为后续工艺提供操作空间。
可选地，所述第一保护体设置有第一通孔，所述本体的极耳自所述第一通孔延伸出所述第一保护体。
可选地，所述第一保护体与所述本体一体化，便于制造过程中对电化学装置进行操作并提供保护。
可选地，所述第一保护体形成有用于定位的第二通孔。
可选地，电化学装置还包括传感器和导线，所述传感器与所述本体接触并设置于所述第一保护体和所述本体之间，所述导线与所述传感器电连接并从所述第一保护体的第二通孔伸出。
可选地，还包括：第二保护体，设置于所述本体的第二端，所述第二端与所述本体设置有极耳的一端相对。第二保护体可以对所述本体的第二端加固，并提供防护。
可选地，所述电化学装置还包括：第三保护体，设置于所述本体的第一侧面，所述第一侧面分别与所述本体设置有极耳的一端和所述第二端相连接。第 三保护体可以对电化学装置的侧面提供加固和保护作用。
可选地，第三保护体包括第一表面和第二表面，连接第一表面和第二表面的第一侧面和第二侧面，所述第二侧面设置有与本体的侧边适配的凹槽。
可选地，所述第一侧面向外突出，形成弧形突起，所述弧形突起与模组壳体内侧的弧形安装槽匹配。
可选地，所述第一保护体和所述第二保护体一体成型。或者可选地，所述第一保护体、所述第二保护体和所述第三保护体一体成型。例如可以在封装后，通过低压注塑或灌胶方式一次成型地在电化学装置的封装壳体上形成上述保护体中的至少一个。或者可选地，第一保护体和第二保护体与本体结合为整体；或者可选地，第一保护体、第二保护体和第三保护体与本体结合为整体。
可选地，所述第一保护体、所述第二保护体和所述第三保护体中的至少一个为灌封胶或者塑料制成的弹性件。
可选地，所述弹性件的弹性模量大于5MPa。
本申请还提供一种电池包，包括如上述任一项所述的至少两个电化学装置，所述至少两个电化学装置叠置。
本申请实施例还提供一种电化学装置的制造方法，包括：制备本体的工序；在所述本体设置有极耳的一端设置第一保护体，且用所述第一保护体覆盖部分所述极耳。
可选地，在本体设置有极耳的一端设置第一保护体，还在所述本体的第二端设置第二保护体，所述第二端与所述本体设置有极耳的一端相对。
本申请的电化学装置的制造方法，可以在本体上形成设置在本体上的保护体，提高电化学装置的机械性能，降低后续电化学装置的失效风险。该方法简单方便成本低。
可选地，所述在所述本体设置有极耳的一端设置第一保护体，包括:将环绕配件套设在所述本体设置有极耳的一端，再将套设有所述环绕配件的本体放置在注塑或者灌胶设备中进行注塑或者灌胶；注塑或者灌胶后，所述环绕配件与注塑或灌胶材料形成所述第一保护体。
本申请实施例还提供一种用电装置，包括负载和上述任意一项所述的电化学装置，所述电化学装置为所述负载供电。可选地，所述用电装置为电动车辆。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域技术人员来讲，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1和图2为本申请第一实施例的电化学装置的结构示意图；
图3和图4为本申请第二实施例的电化学装置的结构示意图；
图5和图6为本申请第三实施例的电化学装置的结构示意图；
图7是本申请第四实施例的电化学装置的部分结构示意图；
图8为本申请第五实施例的电化学装置的结构示意图；
图9为本申请第六实施例的电化学装置的结构示意图；
图10和图11为本申请第七实施例的电化学装置的结构示意图；
图12和图13为本申请第八实施例的电化学装置的结构示意图；
图14和图15为本申请第九实施例的电化学装置的结构示意图；
图16为本申请一实施例的电化学装置的制造方法的流程示意图；
图17为本申请实施例的使用环绕配件注塑的示意图；
图18为本申请第十实施例的电化学装置的结构示意图；
图19为本申请第十一实施例的电化学装置的结构示意图；
图20为本申请一实施例的电池包的结构分解示意图；
图21为本申请实施例中多个叠置的电化学装置的结构示意图；
图22为本申请另一实施例的电池包的结构分解示意图；
图23为本申请实施例提供的电池包的外观示意图；
图24为本申请实施例中的第三保护体的一种结构示意图；
图25为本申请实施例中的第三保护体的另一种结构示意图；
图26为本申请实施例的一种壳体的结构示意图；
图27为应用于图22所示电池包中的电化学装置的结构示意图；
图28为本申请一实施例的电池包的制造方法的流程示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显 然，所描述的实施例仅是本申请一部分实施例，而非全部实施例。在不冲突的情况下，下述各个实施例及其技术特征可以相互组合。
本申请电化学装置包括所有其中发生电化学反应的装置。示例性的，电化学装置包括但不限于所有种类的原电池、二次电池、燃料电池、太阳能电池和电容器(例如超级电容器)电化学装置。电化学装置特别优选为锂二次电池，包括但不限于锂金属二次电池、锂离子二次电池、锂聚合物二次电池和锂离子聚合物二次电池。
软包电芯由于安全性好，重量轻，电池容量大，循环性能好，内阻小，设计灵活等优点得到广泛使用。该软包电芯包括铝塑膜、内设置于铝塑膜中的连续卷绕的电极组件(又称卷芯)和电解液，电极组件在电芯头部通过极耳引出。
本申请实施例中的电化学装置可以为电芯，特别地可以为软包电芯。本申请中虽然以软包电芯为例对本申请技术方案进行说明，但本申请技术方案的应用并不限于软包电芯。
如图1和图2所示，本申请的实施例提供一种电化学装置，包括：本体10和第一保护体11。本体10采用单侧出极耳的方式，即本体10的头部设置有两个极耳101。第一保护体11设置于本体10设置有极耳101的一端，即图1中本体10的头部。极耳101的一部分设置于第一保护体11内，极耳101的另一部分延伸出第一保护体11。
可选地，第一保护体11可以设置有第一通孔110，本体10的极耳101自第一通孔110延伸出第一保护体11。
电化学装置的本体10可以包括单体电池，例如电芯等。本体10设置有极耳101的一端指本体10出极耳101的一端，一般指电芯的头部。有的本体10也可以是双侧出极耳，即本体10的第一端和第二端各延伸出一个极耳，此时，第一保护体11相应地位于本体10第一端和第二端，如图3和图4所示。
可选地，第一保护体11也可以形成为单独的配件，设置于本体10的设置有极耳101的一端。上述第一保护体11也可以采用例如低压注塑等方式直接形成在本体10的出极耳101的一端(如电芯的头部)，并与本体10的壳体一体化。
电化学装置的头部即出极耳101的一端设置有第一保护体11，可以避免 电化学装置由于机械作用导致的失效风险。例如，可以在受到冲击或晃动时，防止电解液冲击导致的电化学装置的顶封区被冲开以及头部角位失效。另外，利用第一保护体11的热熔吸热的作用，还可以为电化学装置提供一定的降温作用。
可选地，如图1和图6所示，电化学装置的本体10还包括与设置有极耳101的一端相连接的多个侧面，第一保护体11还覆盖多个侧面的部分区域，所述部分区域连接于本体10设置有极耳101的一端。第一保护体11还可以向下覆盖多个侧面的部分区域，可以使第一保护体11与本体10紧密结合。
可选地，第一保护体11延伸至第一侧面103的部分区域，以至少包覆本体10的角部区域，对易被冲开的角部加固。第一侧面指本体10的形成侧封104的侧面。如图7所示，第一保护体11包括延伸至第一侧面103的部分区域的角部加固部分114。角部加固部分114对易被冲开的角部进行加固，解决角部易失效的问题。
可选地，第一保护体11的顶面与本体顶封102端面持平或者高出0.5～3mm。第一保护体11的底面可以与本体大面顶线齐平，或者第一保护体11向下延伸上本体面，超出顶线0.5～3mm。
可选地，如图5和图6所示，第一保护体11覆盖本体10的顶封102或与其邻接处可以设置有薄弱结构，如可以是缺口113。缺口113处不覆盖第一保护体11。薄弱结构指与其他地方相比，薄弱结构处第一保护体11的机械性能较弱，在出现异常导致热失控时，电化学装置可以从该薄弱结构泄压。薄弱结构处例如可以覆盖较薄的第一保护体11，或者薄弱结构处第一保护体11的膜层结构松散，或者薄弱结构处的第一保护体11经过能获得上述薄弱化效果的工艺处理。
本体10一般设计有防爆用的泄压区域，可以将泄压区域覆盖的第一保护体11的厚度小于第一厚度从而形成薄弱结构。或者，第一保护体11在与设计的泄压区域对应的区域设置缺口113。泄压区域不覆盖第一保护体11或者所覆盖的第一保护体11的厚度小于第一厚度，可以避免因第一保护体11太厚影响电化学装置的泄压设计。本体10一般选择顶封102的位于两个极耳101之间的中间区域作为泄压区域。在本体10覆盖保护体时，需要设计在此设计缺 口113或薄弱结构以满足防爆需求。进一步可选地，泄压区域可以对应本体10的泄压阀所在的位置。
在出现异常导致热失控时，本体10内部产生的气体可以从缺口113或薄弱结构处冲开封装壳体，避免发生爆炸，从而第一保护体11不会影响热失控时的泄压。
可选地，如图6所示，本体10上形成有顶封102，第一保护体11至少包覆顶封102。通过第一保护体11包覆顶封102，可以对易于被冲开的顶封102进行加固，可以防止本体10头部顶封102冲开。
可选地，如图5、图6和图7所示，所述第一保护体的横截面包括L形结构。
如图6所示，第一保护体11包括靠近本体10的第一端和远离本体10的第二端，第一保护体11的第二端的厚度D2小于第一端D1的厚度。此处第一保护体11第一端的厚度D1、第二端的厚度D2均指与本体10的厚度垂直的方向。
在极耳101的长度方向，第一保护体11远离本体10一端的厚度减薄，可以在不影响第一保护体11功能的前提下节省材料，而且还可以为后续极耳101焊接工序提供操作空间。可选地，如图5所示，在第一保护体11的一侧减薄，即第一保护体11的横截面为L形。还可以如图7和图8所示，第一保护体11可以在两侧减薄，第一保护体11的顶部形成包覆部分极耳101的凸台112。
可选地，如图5和图6所示，第一保护体11形成有用于定位的第二通孔111。在通过例如注塑等方法形成第一保护体11，定位装置或者夹具定位本体10的地方，在注塑后形成的第二通孔111。第二通孔111也可以是其他形状，并不限于孔，例如第二通孔111也可以是狭缝状。
可选地，第一保护体11与本体10一体化，便于制造过程中对电化学装置进行操作并提供保护。
在一些实施例中，如图9所示，电化学装置还包括：第二保护体12，设置于本体10的第二端，第二端与本体10设置有极耳101的一端相对。第二保护体12可以对本体10的第二端提供加固和保护作用。通过本体10的第一端(例如头部)和第二端(例如尾部)覆盖或附着保护体进行加固，可以在不增 加本体10厚度的情况下，对本体10的头部和尾部进行防护，增加电化学装置的机械性能。
可选地，电化学装置还包括：第三保护体13，设置于本体的第一侧面103。如果电极组件是卷绕式组件，第一侧面103与卷绕式组件的折边对应；如果电极组件是层叠式组件，第一侧面103与极片的侧面相对。侧封104一般位于第一侧面103上。第三保护体13可以对电化学装置的侧边提供加固和保护作用。可选地，第三保护体13的包覆厚度可以越为0.3～2mm。
可选地，第三保护体的内侧至少包覆本体10的侧封104，可以对易于被冲开的侧封104进行加固，防止电化学装置侧封104被冲开。可选地，第三保护体的外侧面可以为平面、弧形面或者其它形状。
可选地，第一保护体11和第二保护体12一体成型。或者可选地，第一保护体11、第二保护体12和第三保护体13一体成型。例如可以在封装后，通过低压注塑或灌胶方式一次成型地在电化学装置的封装壳体上形成上述保护体中的至少一个。可选地，上述保护体还可以是其他易于与本体10的封装壳体一体化成型的材料。
可选地，上述保护体中的至少一个为弹性模量大于5MPa的弹性件。弹性模量大于5MPa的材料制成保护体，该些保护体包覆在本体10并连同本体10装入壳体后，可以通过外壳对层叠的本体10施加适当的力进行压紧，对本体10进行约束。如果弹性模量过小，可能不能抵消外力冲击，导致隔膜局部变形以及化学降解。
本申请实施例提供的电化学装置，在头部，或者头部及尾部，或者在包括头部的四周包覆保护体作为保护装置，可以对电化学装置例如电芯提供保护，提升电化学装置机械可靠性，可以防止电化学装置头部顶封冲开以及头部的角位失效，并对电化学装置的极耳提供一定的降温作用。另外，此保护结构可以在保护头部顶封冲开的同时不妨碍其防暴功能。另外，更为重要的是，此保护结构可在封装工序后形成，可避免后续制作过程中由于机械作用导致的失效。采用此保护结构的电化学装置在后续打包工序(即PACK工序)，不需要整体灌胶，也不需要增加泡棉或其他构件等保护装置，可以通过粘结等方式固定在壳体内。也可以通过例如上文已提过的通过电化学装置与壳体，以及各电化学 装置之间的过盈配合产生的相互挤压力固定在壳体中。
在本申请实施例中，在一实现中，电化学装置还可以包括传感器105和导线106，请一并参阅图10至图15所示，传感器105与本体10接触并设置于第一保护体11和本体10之间，传感器105用于采集本体10的预定参数，导线106与传感器105电连接并从第一保护体的第二通孔111伸出，导线106可以与外接设备电连接，使得传感器105将采集到的预定参数传输给外接设备，以执行对应功能。在一些实现中，传感器105包括但不限于为温度传感器，该传感器105可以设置于两个极耳101之间，或者邻近极耳101设置，用于检测极耳101或本体10的温度，外接设备包括但不限于为BMS(Battery Management System,电池管理系统)电路板，用于根据传感器105采集到的温度控制本体10的充电、放电等操作，以确保安全。
如图16所示，本申请实施例还提供一种电化学装置的制造方法，包括：
S101、制备本体10的工序；
S102、在所述本体10设置有极耳101的一端设置第一保护体11，且用第一保护体11覆盖部分极耳101。
可选地，步骤S102在本体10设置有极耳101的一端设置第一保护体11，还可以在本体10的第二端设置第二保护体12，所述第二端与本体10设置有极耳101的一端相对。
可选地，步骤S102在本体10设置有极耳101的一端设置第一保护体11，还可以在本体10的第二端设置第二保护体12，在本体10的第一侧面设置第三保护体13。
本申请实施例提供的电化学装置制造方法，至少在本体10设置有极耳的一端形成保护体，可以提高电化学装置的机械性能，后续制作过程中便于操作而且不易因碰撞、掉落等机械作用而导致失效。
可选地，本申请实施例还提供另一种电化学装置的制造方法，与上述制造方法的不同之处在于：结合图17所示，提供一环绕配件20，将环绕配件20套设在本体10设置有极耳101的一端，再将套设有环绕配件20的本体10放置在注塑或者灌胶设备中注塑或者灌胶；注塑或者灌胶后环绕配件20与注塑或者灌胶材料形成上述的第一保护体11。
环绕配件20通过注塑材料或者灌胶材料连接到本体10，与注塑或灌胶材料一起形成本体头部的第一保护体11。
软包电芯的采用铝塑膜封装，铝塑膜变形空间较大，注塑或者灌胶时不方便定位。将环绕配件20套设在本体10设置有极耳101的一端，注塑时可以通过环绕配件20定位本体10。另外环绕配件20还可以提高注塑或者灌胶设备的适配性。
本申请实施例还提供另一种电化学装置的制造方法，包括：
制备本体10的工序；
制备保护体，所述保护体至少包括上面描述的第一保护体11；将第一保护体11设置在本体10设置有极耳101的一端。
或者，制备上面描述的第一保护体11和第二保护体12，并将第一保护体11和第二保护体12分别设置在本体10设置有极耳的一端及相对的第二端。
或者，制备的所述保护体包括上面描述的第一保护体11、第二保护体12和第三保护体13，并将第一至第三保护体设置在本体10设置有极耳的一端、相对的第二端以及第一侧面。
相关具体结构可以参见上面的实施例，在此不再详述。
本申请实施例提供一种电池包，包括：至少两个叠置的电化学装置。参照图18所示，所述电化学装置100包括本体10和极耳101。该本体10包括封装膜，内置于封装膜中的电极组件，与电极组件电连接的极耳101。电化学装置100还包括第一保护体11，第一保护体11附着于本体10设置有极耳101的一端，极耳101的一部分设置于第一保护体11内，极耳101的另一部分延伸出第一保护体11。
可选地，第一保护体11形成有第一通孔110，极耳101的一端与电极组件电连接，另一端自第一通孔110中延伸出第一保护体11。
本体10可以包括单体电池，例如电芯等。本体10设置有极耳101的一端指电化学装置10本体引出极耳101的一端，一般指电芯的头部。优选地，上述第一保护体11可以附着于设置有极耳101的一端(如电芯的头部)，并与本体10的该端封装膜一体化。另外，第一保护体11也可以形成为单独的配件，安装于本体10设置有极耳101的一端。
带有第一保护体11的电化学装置100相互叠置，通过一定的连接方式固定在壳体内部，并安装保护电路板等形成电池包。一定连接方式例如可以是通过背胶粘接固定。保护电路板上设置有保护电路，主要用于保护电化学装置不过放、不过充、不过流，还有就是输出短路保护，当然还可以具有其它功能，本实施例对此不做限定。
本体10的头部即出极耳101的一端设置有第一保护体11，可以避免电池包及其组成的产品由于机械作用导致的失效风险。例如，可以在受到冲击或晃动时，防止电解液冲击导致的电化学装置的顶封区被冲开，或者电化学装置的头部角位失效。另外，利用第一保护体的热熔吸热的作用，还可以对电化学装置提供一定的降温作用。
如图19所示，本实施例的电池包与图18所描述实施例的不同之处在于，本实施例的电化学装置100除第一保护体11之外，还包括：设置于本体10第二端的第二保护体12，所述第二端与本体10设置有极耳101的一端相对。
其中优选地，第二保护体12可以附着本体10的尾部，并与尾部封装膜一体化，本体10的尾部即本体10的与设置有极耳101的一端相对的第二端。第二保护体12也可以形成独立的配件，安装于本体10的尾部。
其中，第一保护体11和第二保护体12可以均包覆部分的本体10。第一保护体11和第二保护体12可以对本体10尤其是软包电芯提供加固以及防护作用，使本体10特别是软包电芯易于后续的成组操作。
第一保护体11和第二保护体12可以形成便于堆叠的规则结构，便于多个电化学装置100相互堆叠组成电池包。规则结构指第一保护体11和第二保护体12包裹本体10的头部和尾部，使带有第一保护体11和第二保护体12的电化学装置100整体形成便于相互堆叠结构，该种结构具有便于电化学装置100相互堆叠的接触面，从而使多个电化学装置100可以相互堆叠而延伸，从而达到扩容的目的。规则结构例如可以是正方体、立方体等。
第一保护体11和第二保护体12可以一体成型，例如可以采用通过低压注塑一次成型方式在本体10的设置有极耳101的一端、与该端相对的第二端一次性地形成第一保护体11和第二保护体12。第一保护体11和第二保护体12可以采用灌封胶或者塑料制成。灌封胶或者塑料制成的弹性保护体便于与软包 电芯的封装膜一体化。
可选地，参照图20所示，所述电池包还可包括：用于容纳电化学装置100的壳体20，壳体20与容纳于壳体20内的至少两个的电化学装置100过盈配合。
第一、第二保护体附着于本体10上并连同本体10装入壳体20后，可以通过壳体20对叠置的电化学装置100施加适当的力进行压紧，对壳体10内的电化学装置100进行约束，从而达到固定壳体20内电化学装置100的作用。
本实施例的电池包由于其中的本体10的头部尾部均设置有保护体，可以防止由于机械作用导致本体10的头部和尾部的角位失效。另外，利用第一保护体11和第二保护体12的热熔吸热的作用，还可以对电化学装置100的提供一定的降温作用。
与通过设置支架盒通过背胶粘接固定相比，本实施例的电池包具有可靠、成组工序少，简单方便、易于操作、成本低的优势。与整体灌胶方案相比，本实施例的电池包具有重量轻，组装方便，更节省灌胶材料的优势。
图20为本申请实施例提供的电池包的结构示意图；图21为本申请实施例中多个叠置的电化学装置的立体结构示意图。
如图20和图21所示，本实施例的电池包与图18和图19所描述实施例的不同之处在于，除设置于本体10设置有极耳101的一端的第一保护体11，设置于本体10第二端的第二保护体12之外，本实施例中的电化学装置100还包括：第三保护体13，设置于本体10的第一侧面103，所述第一侧面103与本体10设置有极耳101的一端相连接。
本体10包括与设置有极耳101的一端相连接的多个侧面。所述多个侧面包括本体10的大面102和第一侧面103。例如，对软包电芯来说，第一侧面103可以是具有铝塑膜的折边的侧面。铝塑膜的折边包括密封的粘合处以及经裁切的边缘，这些区域是铝塑膜密封封装的薄弱处。可选地，第三保护体13至少包覆该些薄弱处，为本体10提供加固以及防护。
在其他实施例中，第三保护体13也可以形成独立的配件，安装于电化学装置10的第一侧面103。
可选地，第三保护体13附着本体10的侧边，并与密封膜或密封壳体的侧 边一体化。
图20中的壳体20由相互对合的两部分组成。电池包还包括：保护电路板30。保护电路板30设置于壳体20与第一保护体11之间，并与电化学装置100电连接。保护电路板30隔着第一保护体11设置于电化学装置100上，可以避免电化学装置100与保护电路板30相互摩擦、撞击等机械作用，既保护了电化学装置100也保护了保护电路板30。40为贴在右边的一个标签，50为电池包与外部连接的通讯线束。
第一保护体11、第二保护体12和第三保护体13一起形成便于叠置的规则结构，便于多个电化学装置100相互堆叠组成电池包。规则结构指第一保护体11、第二保护体12和第三保护体13整体形成便于相互叠置的结构，该结构至少具有便于多个电化学装置100相互叠置的接触面。多个电化学装置100相互叠置延伸，从而达到扩容的目的。规则结构例如可以是正方体、立方体等。
可选地，如图21所示，第一保护体11、第二保护体12和第三保护体13整体形成电化学装置10的保护套，并且具有便于相互叠置的外部结构。
优选地，第一保护体11、第二保护体12和第三保护体13一体成型，可以采用通过低压注塑一次成型方式在本体10的设置有极耳101的一端、与设置有极耳101的一端相对的第二端、第一侧面103一次性地形成第一保护体11、第二保护体12和第三保护体13。第一至第三保护体可以采用灌封胶或者塑料制成。第一至第三保护体也可以是其它便于与本体的封装膜一体化的材料。
另外，壳体30与容纳于壳体20内的至少两个的电化学装置过盈配合。本实施例通过过盈配合，壳体20对叠置的电化学装置施加的适当的压力，对壳体内的电化学装置进行约束，从而达到固定壳体内电化学装置的作用。模组制作时更为简单，物料更少，工序更简单。
第一保护体11、第二保护体12和第三保护体13可以采用弹性模量大于5MPa的弹性材料制成。弹性模量大于5MPa的材料制成保护体，该些保护体附着于电化学装置上并连同电化学装置装入壳体20后，通过壳体20与壳体20内的电化学装置过盈配合，可以使壳体20对叠置的电化学装置100施加适当的力进行压紧，对壳体内的电化学装置100进行约束，从而达到固定壳体内电化学装置100的作用。如果保护体弹性模量过小，可能无法抵消外力冲击， 导致隔膜局部变形以及化学降解。如果保护体弹性模量过大，可能无法对壳体内的电化学装置100进行固定。
图22为本申请实施例提供又一种的电池包的结构示意图；图23为本申请实施例提供的电池包的外观示意图。
如图22和图23所示，本实施例的电池包与图20所描述实施例的不同之处在于，本申请的电化学装置100采用两侧出极耳的方案。电化学装置100的头部和尾部分别具有向外延伸的极耳101。
图24为本实施例中设置于电化学装置100侧边的第三保护体13的结构示意图。第三保护体13包括：相对且平行的第一表面201和第二表面202，连接第一表面201和第二表面202的两个侧面，分别为第一侧面203和第二侧面。与第一侧面203相对的第二侧面设置有与本体10的侧边适配的凹槽200。第三保护体13也可以分段设计，即第三保护体13包括三部分，分别包覆侧边的上部、中部和下部。
其中，第一侧面203可以为平面，在其他实施例中，第一侧面203还可以向外突出，形成弧形突起，该弧形突起与模组壳体内侧的弧形安装槽匹配。
在一些实施例中，如图25和图26所示，第三保护体13的第二侧面设置有凹槽200；第三保护体13的第一侧面203向外突出，形成弧形突起。弧形突起与壳体(又称模组壳体)3内侧的弧形槽31匹配。如图26所示，目前有的壳体3内侧设置有用于装配支架盒的弧形槽31，第三保护体13的第一侧面203向外突出，形成与现有壳体3内侧的弧形槽匹配的弧形突起，可以直接利用现有壳体3。
第一保护体11、第二保护体12和第三保护体13可以通过低压注塑等方式直接形成于本体10的密封膜或密封壳体上，并与所述密封膜或密封壳体一体化。
图27为可以应用于图22所描述实施例的电池包中的电化学装置100的结构示意图。电化学装置100采用双侧出极耳的方案，同时在电化学装置100出极耳的头部和尾部分别设置包覆本体10的第一保护体11和第二保护体12。第三保护体13可以省去。
本实施例进一步提供了一种电池模组，该电池模组由一个或多个经过包覆 预处理的电芯组成。经过包覆预处理的电芯在设置有极耳的一端形成有包裹物，电芯极耳伸出包裹区域。电芯与包裹物一体化成型。所述电芯可以单侧出极耳，也可以双侧出极耳。如果是单侧出极耳，包覆物可以同时包覆在极耳侧和底部非极耳侧，包覆物与电芯一体化成型。所述电芯可以与壳体结构或其他支撑结构粘接，也可以不发生粘接，通过相互挤压产生的约束力固定。此模组结构可以防止电芯头部顶封区冲开；此模组结构可以防止电芯头部和尾部角位失效；此模组结构对电芯极耳提供一定的降温作用；此模组结构具有成本低，可靠性高的特点。下面从组装工序的角度进一步对本方案进行叙述。
如图28所示，本申请实施例还提供一种电池包的制造方法，包括：
S1、结合图18所示，在本体10设置有极耳的一端设置第一保护体11，部分极耳101露出第一保护体11；
本步骤对本体10进行预处理，在本体10的极耳侧形成第一保护体11。可选地，第一保护体11形成有第一通孔110，极耳101的一端与电极组件电连接，另一端自第一保护体11的第一通孔110中伸出。本步骤可以在电芯封装工序之后进行，也可以在电芯的整个工序完成之后进行。
S2、将至少两个电化学装置100叠置在一起形成电池包；
S3、将保护电路板和电池包设置于电池包的壳体内。
可选地，步骤S1还在本体10的第二端形成第二保护体12，所述第二端与本体10设置有极耳101的一端相对。步骤S3中，可以使电池包与壳体过盈配合，使壳体20对叠置的电化学装置100产生压力，使用该压力将电化学装置100固定在壳体20内。第一、第二保护体12分别对本体10的头部和尾部进行加固以及防护，使电化学装置100便于操作。
进一步地，步骤S1还在本体10的侧边形成第三保护体13。第一、第二以及第三保护体构成本体10的完整加固以及防护装置，使本体10便于操作。
其中，步骤S1形成保护体时，可以使第一、第二以及第三保护体或者其中一个或几个与本体10的密封膜或密封壳体一体化，形成一个整体。
例如，步骤S1可以通过低压注塑一次成型方式在本体10的设置有极耳的一端、与设置有极耳的一端相对的第二端以及连接极耳端和第二端的侧边形成第一保护体11、第二保护和第三保护体13。形成的保护体附着在本体10上。 该方式加工简单，成本低。
本申请的实施例还提供一种用电装置，包括负载和上述任意一项的电化学装置，电化学装置未所述负载供电。
本申请的电化学装置的用途没有特别限定，其可用于现有技术中已知的任何使用电驱动的电子装置。在一些实施例中，本申请的电化学装置可用于，但不限于，备用电源、无人机、独轮、两轮或两轮以上电动车、摩托车、自行车、照明器具、玩具、电动工具、工商储能或家庭储能系统等。
以上所述仅为本申请的部分实施例，并非因此限制本申请的专利范围，凡是利用本说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构变换，均同理包括在本申请的专利保护范围内。
在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括该要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置中还存在另外的相同要素，此外，不同实施例中具有同样命名的部件、特征、要素可能具有相同含义，也可能具有不同含义，其具体含义需以其在该具体实施例中的解释或者进一步结合该具体实施例中上下文进行确定。
另外，在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中间位置”、“轴向”、“两端”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“顶部”、“底部”、“内侧”、“外侧”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
尽管本文采用术语“第一、第二、第三”等描述各种信息，但这些信息不应限于这些术语。这些术语仅用来将同一类型的信息彼此区分开。本文中所使用的，单数形式“一”、“一个”和“该”旨在也包括复数形式。术语“或”和“和/或”被解释为包括性的，或意味着任一个或任何组合。仅当元件、功能、步骤或操作的组合在某些方式下内在地互相排斥时，才会出现该定义的例外。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种电化学装置，其特征在于，包括：
    本体，所述本体设置有极耳；
    第一保护体，设置于所述本体设置有极耳的一端，所述极耳的一部分设置于所述第一保护体内，所述极耳的另一部分延伸出所述第一保护体。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述本体还包括与设置有极耳的一端相连接的多个侧面，所述第一保护体还覆盖所述多个侧面的部分区域，所述部分区域连接于所述本体设置有极耳的一端。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述第一保护体覆盖所述本体的顶封处设置有薄弱结构。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述第一保护体至少包覆所述本体的顶封。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述第一保护体的横截面包括L形结构。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述第一保护体设置有第一通孔，所述本体的极耳自所述第一通孔延伸出所述第一保护体。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述第一保护体形成有用于定位的第二通孔。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述电化学装置还包括传感器和导线，所述传感器与所述本体接触并设置于所述第一保护体和所述本体之间，所述导线与所述传感器电连接并从所述第一保护体的第二通孔伸出。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述电化学装置还包括：第二保护体，设置于所述本体的第二端，所述第二端与所述本体设置有极耳的一端相对。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述电化学装置还包括：第三保护体，设置于所述本体的第一侧面，所述第一侧面分别与所述本体设置有极耳的一端和所述第二端相连接。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，第三保护体包括： 第一表面和第二表面，连接第一表面和第二表面的第一侧面和第二侧面，所述第二侧面设置有与本体的侧边适配的凹槽。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述第一侧面向外突出，形成弧形突起，所述弧形突起与模组壳体内侧的弧形安装槽匹配。
  13. 根据权利要求10所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，第一保护体和所述第二保护体一体成型；或者，第一保护体、所述第二保护体和所述第三保护体一体成型；或者，所述第一保护体和所述第二保护体与所述本体结合为整体；或者，所述第一保护体、所述第二保护体和所述第三保护体与所述本体结合为整体。
  14. 根据权利要求10所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述第一保护体、所述第二保护体和所述第三保护体中的至少一个为灌封胶、尼龙或者塑料制成的弹性件。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述弹性件的弹性模量大于5MPa。
  16. 一种电池包，包括如权利要求1至15任一项所述的至少两个电化学装置，所述至少两个电化学装置叠置。
  17. 一种用电装置，包括负载和权利要求15所述的电池包，所述电化学装置为所述负载供电。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的用电装置，其特征在于，所述用电装置为电动车辆或无人机。
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CN215070149U (zh) * 2021-03-17 2021-12-07 东莞新能安科技有限公司 电化学装置、电池包及用电装置

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