WO2022191285A1 - 車両の管理方法 - Google Patents
車両の管理方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022191285A1 WO2022191285A1 PCT/JP2022/010603 JP2022010603W WO2022191285A1 WO 2022191285 A1 WO2022191285 A1 WO 2022191285A1 JP 2022010603 W JP2022010603 W JP 2022010603W WO 2022191285 A1 WO2022191285 A1 WO 2022191285A1
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- vehicle
- gear ratio
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
- B62M6/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with additional source of power, e.g. combustion engine or electric motor
- B62M6/40—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor
- B62M6/45—Control or actuating devices therefor
- B62M6/50—Control or actuating devices therefor characterised by detectors or sensors, or arrangement thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
- B62M6/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with additional source of power, e.g. combustion engine or electric motor
- B62M6/40—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor
- B62M6/55—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor power-driven at crank shafts parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62J—CYCLE SADDLES OR SEATS; AUXILIARY DEVICES OR ACCESSORIES SPECIALLY ADAPTED TO CYCLES AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. ARTICLE CARRIERS OR CYCLE PROTECTORS
- B62J45/00—Electrical equipment arrangements specially adapted for use as accessories on cycles, not otherwise provided for
- B62J45/40—Sensor arrangements; Mounting thereof
- B62J45/41—Sensor arrangements; Mounting thereof characterised by the type of sensor
- B62J45/412—Speed sensors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62J—CYCLE SADDLES OR SEATS; AUXILIARY DEVICES OR ACCESSORIES SPECIALLY ADAPTED TO CYCLES AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. ARTICLE CARRIERS OR CYCLE PROTECTORS
- B62J45/00—Electrical equipment arrangements specially adapted for use as accessories on cycles, not otherwise provided for
- B62J45/40—Sensor arrangements; Mounting thereof
- B62J45/41—Sensor arrangements; Mounting thereof characterised by the type of sensor
- B62J45/413—Rotation sensors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
- B62M6/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with additional source of power, e.g. combustion engine or electric motor
- B62M6/40—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor
- B62M6/45—Control or actuating devices therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62J—CYCLE SADDLES OR SEATS; AUXILIARY DEVICES OR ACCESSORIES SPECIALLY ADAPTED TO CYCLES AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. ARTICLE CARRIERS OR CYCLE PROTECTORS
- B62J43/00—Arrangements of batteries
- B62J43/20—Arrangements of batteries characterised by the mounting
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a vehicle management method.
- An electrically assisted bicycle is known that assists the pedaling force of a crank pedal with the power of a motor (for example, Patent Document 1).
- Patent Document 1 An electrically assisted bicycles, regulations stipulate the upper limit of the assist force and the upper limit of the assist ratio to the vehicle speed.
- Japanese laws and regulations stipulate as follows.
- the upper limit of the assist ratio with respect to vehicle speed is 2 up to a vehicle speed of 10 km/h, and the upper limit of the assist ratio with respect to vehicle speed is 2, as indicated by the solid line in FIG. It is required to gradually decrease the assist ratio from 2 to 0 during the period. It is assumed that the electric assist bicycle will be sold as a complete vehicle. That is, by selling an electrically assisted bicycle as a complete vehicle, it has the following features.
- the torque sensor is built into the assist unit and is difficult to modify/modify.
- the vehicle speed is estimated from a pulsar built in the wheel or drive system gear portion, and from the speed of rotation, the gear ratio of the gear change, and the circumferential length of the wheel. At this time, it is difficult to change the wheel size (increase the diameter), and it is difficult to remodel or repair the drive system.
- the finished vehicle guarantees that the assist ratio will not deviate from the regulation by falsifying the vehicle speed.
- Patent Literature 2 describes an electric assist unit that can be retrofitted to an existing bicycle frame without making any major design changes. Retrofitting refers to retrofitting an assist device including an electric assist unit at a dealer, etc. to a vehicle body (whether new or second-hand) that is not sold as an electric bicycle by the manufacturer of the vehicle body (manufacturer).
- the retrofitted electric assist unit can easily change the relationship between the number of rotations of the motor or crank and the vehicle speed by changing the setting of the bicycle to which it is attached or the electric assist unit. There is a risk that it will not be possible to guarantee compliance with laws and regulations of the ratio. It should be noted that this can occur not only in electric bicycles, but also in vehicles in which the assist ratio for vehicle speed is stipulated by law. Moreover, even for an electric bicycle sold as a complete vehicle, it is preferable to manage the state of legal compliance.
- the present invention provides a vehicle management method capable of managing the regulatory compliance status of vehicles.
- a vehicle management method comprising: attaching a vehicle body and a power source mounted on the vehicle; obtaining, at a first time, first gear ratio-related information, which is information relating to a gear ratio of a transmission section that is all or part of a power transmission mechanism between the power source and the wheels of the vehicle; a step of storing the first gear ratio-related information in a storage unit mounted on the vehicle or a storage unit of an external device provided so as to be communicable with the vehicle; acquiring second gear ratio related information, which is information relating to the gear ratio of the transmission section, at a second time after the first time; and comparing the first gear ratio related information and the second gear ratio related information stored in the storage unit.
- the present invention by comparing the first gear ratio-related information and the second gear ratio-related information acquired at different times, it is possible to manage modification/repair after installation that may result in non-compliance with regulations. can be done.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the correlation of parties involved in the method for managing an electric bicycle according to one embodiment of the present invention
- 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the assist ratio of an electrically assisted bicycle and vehicle speed.
- 2 is a side view of the electric bicycle 10
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power transmission mechanism T including a power unit 20
- FIG. It is a schematic diagram of the power transmission mechanism T containing the power unit 20 of a modification.
- 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the assist ratio and vehicle speed of an electrically assisted bicycle, showing the effect of remodeling/refurbishment on the assist ratio.
- 1 is a flowchart of an electric bicycle management method according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. It is a schematic diagram of a bench test.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the assist ratio and vehicle speed of an electrically assisted bicycle, showing the difference in assist ratio depending on the mode. It is a control map in which current values are set for vehicle speed No' and motor torque.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a method for managing an electric bicycle according to a first modified example
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a method for managing an electric bicycle according to a second modified example
- 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the number of teeth of a driven sprocket (the number of Rr cog teeth) and the front/rear gear ratio; It is a functional block diagram of the control system of the first example. It is a functional block diagram of the control system of the second example.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a method for managing an electric bicycle according to a first modified example
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a method for managing an electric bicycle according to a second modified example
- 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the number of teeth
- FIG. 11 is a functional block diagram of a control system of a modified example of the second example; It is a functional block diagram of the control system of the 3rd example. It is explanatory drawing of the modification of a power transmission mechanism.
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of another modified example of the power transmission mechanism; It is a figure explaining the information acquisition phase of a server. It is a figure which shows the relationship of each apparatus in a vehicle data acquisition phase (at the time of attachment). It is a figure which shows the relationship of each apparatus in a driving
- 2 is a diagram illustrating electrical paths and communication paths of a power unit 20, a battery 2, and a control circuit 40 in the electric bicycle 10.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the correlation of parties involved in the electric bicycle management method according to another embodiment of the present invention; It is a figure explaining an example of the flow at the time of attachment of an assist device.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of an attachment check flow when attaching an assist device; 6 is a diagram showing an example of installation check items displayed on a store tablet 60.
- FIG. It is a figure explaining an example of the operation
- 6 is a diagram showing an example of operation check items displayed on a store tablet 60;
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a legal conformity confirmation screen displayed on the mobile terminal 8 of the user;
- FIG. 1 is a relational diagram of persons involved in the management method of an electric bicycle.
- the parties involved in the management method of the electric bicycle are a plurality of manufacturers A, C, D, B who manufacture parts of the assist device, etc., the operator S who operates the server, the assist device (power unit, control circuit , battery), a dealer A who sells the non-electric bicycle body, and a user who purchases the non-electric bicycle from dealer A (hereinafter referred to as the user ), a store B that attaches assist devices to non-electric bicycles in response to requests from users, and a product that organizes each manufacturer A, C, D, B and operator S by planning the product of the assist device It consists of a planner, an approval body that determines the standard conformance of an assist device or an electric bicycle to which the assist device is attached, and a law enforcement agency that cracks down on illegal vehicles.
- Manufacturer F delivers the body of the non-electric bicycle to Dealer A and receives payment.
- Dealer A sells the body of the non-electric bicycle to the user and receives payment.
- the user is a person who purchased and possessed a non-electric bicycle (a non-electric bicycle body) from dealer A, and who wishes to electrify the non-electric bicycle.
- the user brings the body of the non-electric bicycle to the store B and requests that the brought-in non-electric bicycle be electrified.
- the user pays the price to the store B.
- the product planner requests each manufacturer A, C, D, B and operator S to manufacture and develop various devices, and pays the development and production costs.
- the server collects information about the electric bicycle, stores it, and performs necessary processing.
- the server communicates with the control circuit of the electric bicycle or the user's mobile terminal via the user application to exchange traveling data, etc. tablet terminal) to exchange vehicle data, etc.
- the server may be a distributed server composed of a plurality of server devices or a distributed virtual server (cloud server) created in a cloud environment. Servers and mobile terminals are examples of external devices.
- Manufacturer A develops an application (application software) to facilitate the management of electric bicycles, provides user applications to users, and provides store applications to dealer B.
- application software application software
- Manufacturer C develops and manufactures a control circuit with a built-in control program, and delivers it to dealer B.
- Manufacturer D develops and manufactures a power unit (power UNIT in FIG. 1) and delivers it to dealer B.
- the control circuit and the power unit may be delivered to dealer B after being integrated by manufacturer C, manufacturer D, etc. before delivery to dealer B, or may be delivered to dealer B separately to It may be integrated at B, or it may be separately delivered to dealer B and installed separately at dealer B.
- Manufacturer B develops and manufactures batteries, and delivers them to dealer B.
- Dealer B displays and sells the assist device (motorized device in the figure) at the store, and performs the installation work by appropriately combining the assist device with the brought-in non-electric bicycle. After attaching the assist device to the non-electric bicycle, the dealer B sells the electric bicycle to the user.
- the assist device motorized device in the figure
- the product planner requests each manufacturer A, C, D, B and operator S to manufacture and develop various devices, and also applies for permission for electric bicycles to the licensing authority.
- Product planners should apply in advance for all possible combinations of non-electric bicycles, power units, control circuits and batteries. For example, if there are 10 combinations, applications are made for 10 types of electric bicycles.
- the accreditation body judges the conformity of the applied electric bicycle to the standards and issues a sticker or the like to prove it for the approved and registered product. Licensing agencies share licensing information with regulatory agencies.
- the enforcement agency is, for example, the police, which enforces illegal vehicles based on the authorization information provided by the authorization agency and the condition of the electric bicycle.
- the server is configured so that it can be accessed from personal computers owned by users, mobile terminals 8 with user apps installed, tablets with store apps installed (hereinafter referred to as store tablets 60), and the like. As shown in FIG. 20, the server exchanges information with these information terminals in three phases.
- the first phase is the user information acquisition phase.
- the server acquires personal information (hereinafter also referred to as user information) input by the user via a user application or the like before the user uses the electric bicycle to which the assist device is attached.
- User information includes, for example, the user's name, address, mobile phone number, email address, and the like.
- the second phase is the vehicle data acquisition phase.
- the server uses the store application to obtain the worker account, work information related to installation work, or the state of the vehicle body, power unit, or electric bicycle after installation.
- Get information about FIG. 21 is a diagram showing the relationship of each device in the vehicle data acquisition phase (at the time of installation).
- the server and the tablet (store application) are wirelessly connected via a mobile communication system, and the tablet (store application) and the control circuit are wirelessly connected via Bluetooth (registered trademark) (hereinafter also referred to as BT connection). ), the control circuit and the power unit are connected by wire, and the power unit and the rear wheel speed sensor of the vehicle body are connected by wire.
- the third phase is the traveling data acquisition phase.
- the server starts traveling from the mobile terminal 8 owned by the user and/or the control circuit attached to the vehicle body while the user is using the electric bicycle. Get data, error information, etc.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing the relationship of each device in the traveling data acquisition phase (after installation).
- the server and the smartphone (user application) are wirelessly connected via a mobile communication system, and the smartphone (user application) and the control circuit are wirelessly connected via Bluetooth.
- ⁇ Control program> Unlike a complete bicycle in which an assist device is installed in advance, when the assist device is retrofitted, there are many kinds of bicycle bodies to which the assist device is attached. Since the body resistance (transmission loss) of bicycles differs depending on the type, it is necessary for the program incorporated in the control circuit to set an appropriate margin. If the allowance width (margin) is not appropriate, there is a risk that a city cycle with high vehicle body resistance will comply with regulations, while a sports cycle with low vehicle body resistance will not comply with regulations. Therefore, the program of the control circuit is preferably initialized based on a bicycle with a small body resistance value, and may be initialized assuming a bicycle with a minimum loss.
- dealer B performs fitting by adding an optimization coefficient (correction value) to the program after considering the safety factor for each type of vehicle. In addition, dealer B may perform detailed fitting for each vehicle type without using the optimization coefficient (correction value). Note that this allowance width (margin) may actually be included in the current command value for the target torque, or may be included in a map to be referred to (eg, FIG. 10).
- the electric bicycle 10 includes a front wheel 73, a rear wheel 78, a bicycle frame 67, a power unit 20 that drives the rear wheel 78, and a battery unit 4 electrically connected to the power unit 20. , and is configured to be able to output the assist force generated by the power unit 20 .
- the bicycle frame 67 includes a head pipe 68 at the front end, a down pipe 69 extending rearward from the front of the vehicle body downward from the head pipe 68, and support pipes 66 (see FIG. 4) that are fixed to the rear ends of the down pipe 69 and extend to the left and right. ), a seat post 71 rising upward from the support pipe 66 , and a pair of left and right rear forks 70 extending rearward from the support pipe 66 .
- a front fork 72 is steerably supported on the head pipe 68 , and a front wheel 73 is pivotally supported on the lower end of the front fork 72 .
- a steering handle 74 is provided at the upper end of the front fork 72 .
- the steering handle 74 is provided with a mobile terminal holder 6 for holding a mobile terminal 8 owned by the user (see FIG. 23). Note that the mobile terminal holder 6 is not necessarily required, and the user's mobile terminal 8 may be mounted (stored) in the user himself or in the user's wear (clothes, bag).
- a rear wheel 78 as a drive wheel is pivotally supported between rear ends of a pair of left and right rear forks 70 extending rearward from the seat post 71 .
- a support shaft 75 having a seat 76 at its upper end is attached to the seat post 71 so that the vertical position of the seat 76 can be adjusted.
- a battery unit 4 that supplies power to the power unit 20 is detachably fixed to the down pipe 69 . More specifically, the battery unit 4 has a pedestal 3 attached to the upper surface of the down pipe 69 , and the battery 2 is detachably held on the pedestal 3 .
- the battery unit 4 includes a pedestal 3 attached to the down pipe 69, and a battery 2 that is detachably attached to the pedestal 3 and has a plurality of cells therein.
- the base 3 includes a control circuit 40 (CPU), a converter DC/DC, an inertial measurement unit IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit), a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System), a memory 42, and a BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy® communication device is housed.
- CPU central processing unit
- DC/DC direct current to DC
- IMU Inertial Measurement Unit
- GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System
- BLE Bluetooth Low Energy® communication device is housed.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram for explaining electrical paths and communication paths of the power unit 20, the battery 2, and the control circuit 40 in the electric bicycle 10.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram for explaining electrical paths and communication paths of the power unit 20, the battery 2, and the control circuit 40 in the electric bicycle 10.
- the control circuit 40 calculates torque generated by the motor M of the power unit 20 so as to generate an assist force determined by a pedaling force described later and an assist ratio corresponding to the vehicle speed of the electric bicycle 10 .
- the motor M operates according to the CPU of the power unit 20 that has received the calculation result (driving request) from the control circuit 40 .
- the converter DC/DC steps down the supplied direct current voltage as it is to generate a power supply voltage for the control circuit 40, the inertial measurement unit IMU, the GNSS, the memory 42, and the BLE communication device.
- the inertial measurement unit IMU is, for example, a 9-axis sensor having the functions of a 3-axis acceleration sensor, a 3-axis angular velocity sensor, and a 3-axis azimuth sensor, and detects the mounting attitude of the control circuit 40 .
- GNSS acquires the position information of the electric bicycle 10 .
- the memory is, for example, an SD card, and temporarily or permanently holds information about the electric bicycle 10, travel data, and the like.
- the BLE communication device is a communication device for BT connection (Bluetooth communication) with the user's mobile terminal 8 or the like.
- power from the battery 2 is supplied to the motor M of the power unit 20 via the power lines 51 and 55, and is supplied from the power unit 20 via the power lines 56 and 52 to the converter.
- Power stepped down via DC/DC is supplied to the control circuit 40, inertial measurement unit IMU, GNSS, memory, and BLE communication device.
- crank pedals 79 are connected to the left and right ends of the crankshaft 83 coaxially passing through the support pipe 66 of the bicycle frame 67 .
- the pedaling force applied to the crank pedal 79 is transmitted to the crankshaft 83 and input to the endless chain 82 via the drive sprocket 80 (see FIG. 4).
- a chain 82 is wound around a driving sprocket 80 and a driven sprocket 81 provided on the axle of the rear wheel 78 .
- the power unit 20 is configured such that the motor M and the crankshaft 83 are unitized and can be retrofitted around the support pipe 66 of the bicycle frame 67 .
- the output shaft 21 of the motor M and the crankshaft 83 are arranged inside the case 24 in parallel.
- the crankshaft 83 is rotatably supported inside a cylindrical sleeve 26 via a first one-way clutch 28.
- a motor output gear 21a is provided on the output shaft 21 of the motor M on the outer peripheral side of the sleeve 26.
- a driven gear 26a and a drive sprocket 80 that mesh with are fixed. Therefore, the torque of motor M is transmitted to drive sprocket 80 via motor output gear 21 a , driven gear 26 a and sleeve 26 . That is, the motor M is provided in parallel with the crank pedal 79 .
- a second one-way clutch 32 is provided between the driven sprocket 81 and the rear wheel 78.
- the crank pedal 79 when the crank pedal 79 is pedaled in the forward direction (also referred to as forward rotation direction or forward direction), the first one-way clutch 28 is engaged and the crankshaft 83 rotates forward. Power is transmitted through sleeve 26 to driving sprocket 80 and through chain 82 to driven sprocket 81 . At this time, the second one-way clutch 32 is also engaged, so that the positive rotational power transmitted to the driven sprocket 81 is transmitted to the rear wheel 78 .
- crank pedal 79 when the crank pedal 79 is pedaled in the backward direction (also referred to as the reverse rotation direction or the reverse direction), the first one-way clutch 28 is not engaged, and the reverse rotation power of the crankshaft 83 is not transmitted to the sleeve 26, and the crank is The shaft 83 idles.
- the power unit 20 is provided with a motor rotation speed sensor SE1 that detects the rotation speed of the motor M. Further, the sleeve 26 is provided with a torque sensor SE2 for detecting a torque value Tq generated by the driver's stepping force on the crank pedal 79 (hereinafter referred to as "pedal force").
- the motor rotation speed sensor SE1 is composed of a magnet provided on the outer circumference of the output shaft 21 of the motor M and a Hall IC.
- the torque sensor SE2 is composed of a magnetostrictive torque sensor arranged on the outer peripheral portion of the sleeve 26 .
- FIG. 1 The rear wheel 78 is provided with a rear wheel rotation speed sensor SE3 that acquires the rotation speed of the rear wheel 78 . Note that the rear wheel rotation speed sensor SE3 is installed at the dealer B together with the power unit 20 when the assist device is installed.
- a control circuit 40 that controls the power unit 20 calculates the force with which the driver steps on the crank pedal 79 (hereinafter referred to as "pedal force") from the torque value Tq, which is the output value of the torque sensor SE2.
- the motor M is PWM-controlled so that an assist force determined by an assist ratio corresponding to the vehicle speed is generated.
- the gear ratio is the number of rotations of the output section relative to the number of rotations of the input section.
- the number of rotations of the input section is the number of rotations of the sleeve 26
- the number of rotations of the output section is the number of rotations of the rear wheel 78 .
- the gear ratio between the motor output gear 21a and the driven gear 26a is 1, the rotation speed of the sleeve 26 is equal to the rotation speed of the motor M detected by the motor rotation speed sensor SE1. Further, the rotation speed of the sleeve 26 is equal to the rotation speed of the crankshaft 83 when the first one-way clutch 28 is engaged.
- the rotation of the sleeve 26 is speed-changed by the difference in outer diameter between the driving sprocket 80 and the driven sprocket 81, and further by a switching transmission 30 (see FIG. 5) optionally provided between the driven sprocket 81 and the rear wheel 78. further shifted.
- These constitute a power transmission mechanism T that transmits the power input to the sleeve 26 to the rear wheels 78 .
- the rotation speed of the rear wheel 78 is detected by a rear wheel rotation speed sensor SE3.
- Ni [rpm] is the rotation speed of the sleeve 26, which is the rotation speed of the input section;
- No [rpm] is the rotation speed of the rear wheel 78, which is the rotation speed of the output section;
- the gear ratio of the switching transmission 30 is Rt, the rotational speed No [rpm] of the rear wheel 78 is expressed by the following equation (1).
- the gear ratio Rt of the switching gearbox 30 is appropriately set.
- the drive sprocket 80 has 44 teeth (front cog) and the driven sprocket 81 has 13 teeth (rear cog).
- the ratio Rc is 3.38, and the rotational speed No [rpm] of the rear wheel 78 in the formula (4) is expressed by the following formula (7).
- the vehicle speed No′ [km /h] is represented by the following equation (8).
- No' [km/h] Ni [rpm] x 3.38 x (2096 x 10 -3 [m]) x 60/1000 (8)
- the management method of the electric bicycle 10 includes the mounting step S101 for mounting the assist device to the body of the non-electric bicycle, and the power transmission mechanism acquired at the first time when the assist device is mounted (hereinafter referred to as "mounting time").
- an abnormality determination step S113 for determining an abnormality, etc. a vehicle speed acquisition step S115 for acquiring the vehicle speed, and a target torque setting step S117 for setting a motor torque command value to be instructed to the motor M.
- the first gear ratio-related information and the second gear ratio-related information may be the compound gear ratio Rc described above, the vehicle speed No' [km/h], or the traveling distance L [m].
- the gear ratio related information comparison step S111 and the abnormality determination step S113 the case of using the compound gear ratio Rc will be described as an example.
- the installation step S101, the first gear ratio-related information acquisition step S103, the first gear ratio-related information storage step S105, and the generated torque setting step S107 are mainly performed at the dealer B at the time of installation. It should be noted that these S101, S103, S105, and S107 are carried out at the dealer B when the assist device is installed, and more detailed specific examples will be given later with regard to the installation flow, the installation check flow, and the operation check flow. do.
- Second gear ratio related information acquisition step S103 When the gear ratio Rg between the driving sprocket 80 and the driven sprocket 81 and the gear ratio Rt of the switching transmission 30 are known, the dealer B may calculate the composite gear ratio Rc from the above equation (3). Then, based on the rotation speed of the motor M detected by the motor rotation speed sensor SE1 and the rotation speed of the rear wheel 78 detected by the rear wheel rotation speed sensor SE3, the compound gear ratio Rc is calculated from the above equation (4). Alternatively, the composite gear ratio Rc may be calculated by a bench test. For certified vehicles, the compound transmission ratio Rc is known. Hereinafter, the composite gear ratio Rc at the time of installation will be referred to as a reference composite gear ratio Rc1.
- the reference composite gear ratio Rc1 is the reference composite gear ratio at the gear stage that is the largest gear ratio when the power transmission mechanism T includes the switching gearbox 30 .
- the gear ratio is increased by controlling the motor M according to a predetermined program.
- a situation that does not conform to the regulations may occur as much as the gear stage. Therefore, when the power transmission mechanism T includes the switching transmission device 30 capable of switching the transmission gear ratio, the reference composite transmission gear ratio Rc1 can be set based on the transmission gear ratio at the gear stage (maximum gear stage) that is the largest transmission gear ratio. , the state in which the electric bicycle 10 does not comply with regulations can be determined with higher accuracy.
- the bench test which is conducted when the electric bicycle is not a certified vehicle, holds the electric bicycle 10 on a bench and tests the drive motor 90, torque and rotation speed instead of pedaling by a human.
- a pedal crank driving device 92 composed of a detector 91
- a rotational output P1 (W) is input to the crankshaft 83
- the input rotational speed N (min ⁇ 1 ) and the input torque T (N m) are detected. measure.
- the rear wheel 78 is brought into contact with the roller 93 , and the running speed V (km/h) and the wheel driving force F (N) of the electric bicycle 10 are measured by the torque and rotation speed detector 94 .
- V (km/h) and the wheel driving force F (N) of the electric bicycle 10 are measured by the torque and rotation speed detector 94 .
- reference numeral 95 is a power load absorbing device.
- the rotation speed Ni [rpm] of the sleeve 26 is calculated from the input rotation speed N (min ⁇ 1 ) obtained in the bench test, and the rotation speed No [rpm] of the rear wheel 78 is calculated from the running speed V (km/h). Then, the compound gear ratio Rc is calculated from the equation (4).
- the store B may store the reference composite gear ratio Rc1 acquired in the first gear ratio related information acquisition step S103 in the memory of the control circuit 40 or in the memory of the server. It may well be stored in the memory of the user's mobile terminal 8 that can communicate with the electric bicycle 10 .
- the mobile terminal 8 is not limited to being able to communicate directly with the electric bicycle 10, and may be able to communicate indirectly with the electric bicycle 10 via a server.
- the store B After installing the assist device and before selling it to the user, the store B corrects the program (control software) installed in advance according to the type of bicycle brought in as described above, and generates the electric power generated by the motor M.
- Set torque For this correction, for example, a preset program may be multiplied by an appropriate correction coefficient according to the type of bicycle to which the assist device is attached, or the program may be modified to obtain an appropriate numerical value.
- the generated torque is preferably set for each vehicle speed.
- the generated torque may be an upper limit generated torque that is set based on the upper limit of the assist ratio. Dealer B can freely set the generated torque by correcting the program as long as it is equal to or less than the upper limit generated torque.
- the generation torque setting is pre-installed, the setting at the store B can be omitted.
- the method of setting the generated torque is not set based on the absolute value of the tire end power (output), etc., but is defined by the "ratio to the pedal force input" as shown in Fig. 2. , and can be pre-installed in the memory of the control circuit 40 or the like.
- the electric bicycle 10 may have a plurality of assist modes.
- the generated torque in the strong assist mode is set to the upper limit torque or a value near the upper limit torque
- the generated torque in the normal assist mode is made smaller than the generated torque in the strong assist mode
- the weak assist mode is generated.
- the torque is set to be even smaller than the torque generated in the normal assist mode.
- One of the three assist modes can be used as a reference, and the generated torque in the other modes can be easily set by multiplying the generated torque in the reference mode by a coefficient.
- the current compound gear ratio Rc2 is a gear ratio detected without using the reference compound gear ratio Rc1, and is an equation obtained by modifying equation (5) using another method (for example, GPS, cycle computer, etc., which will be described later). may be calculated from The current compound gear ratio Rc2 is preferably the gear ratio at the largest gear ratio (maximum gear).
- Transmission ratio related information comparison step S111 In the gear ratio related information comparison step S111, a comparison program installed in one of the memory of the control circuit 40 of the electric bicycle 10, the memory of the server, and the memory of the user's portable terminal 8 compares the reference composite gear ratio Rc1 with the current composite gear ratio. Compare with Rc2.
- the control circuit 40 compares the reference composite gear ratio Rc1 and the current composite gear ratio Rc2. preferably.
- the reference composite gear ratio Rc1 is stored in the memory of the server in the first gear ratio related information storage step S105, the reference composite gear ratio Rc1 is sent from the server to the control circuit 40 of the electric bicycle 10, and the control circuit 40 compares it.
- the server may obtain the current compound gear ratio Rc2 from the control circuit 40 of the electric bicycle 10 and the server may perform the comparison.
- the reference composite gear ratio Rc1 is stored in the memory of the user's portable terminal 8 in the first gear ratio related information storage step S105, the reference composite gear ratio Rc1 is sent from the user's portable terminal 8 to the control circuit 40 of the electric bicycle 10.
- the user's portable terminal 8 may acquire the current compound gear ratio Rc2 from the control circuit 40 of the electric bicycle 10 and the user's portable terminal 8 may make the comparison.
- the assist ratio shown by the one-dot chain line (base of FIG. 6) is set so as not to exceed the Japanese legal regulation (solid line) shown in FIG. is set to
- the drive sprocket 80 is increased in diameter (Fr is increased in diameter in FIG. 6)
- the driven sprocket 81 is decreased in diameter (Rr is decreased in FIG. 6)
- the rear wheel 78 is increased in diameter ( (larger wheel diameter)
- the reference composite gear ratio Rc1 and the current composite gear ratio Rc2 are compared.
- (Abnormality determination step S113) At the abnormality determination step S113, at least one of (i) to (iii) is executed when the reference composite gear ratio Rc1 and the current composite gear ratio Rc2 are different. (i) Determine whether the power transmission mechanism T is abnormal. (ii) Generate information for suppressing or prohibiting driving using the power transmission mechanism T; (iii) the rider (user) of the electric bicycle 10, the installer of the vehicle body and the power unit 20, the manufacturer of the electric bicycle 10, the manufacturer of the power unit 20, the administrator of the electric bicycle 10, the administrator of the power unit 20, Information for notifying at least one of an authorized person of the electric bicycle 10 and a person in charge of the electric bicycle 10 is generated.
- persons listed in (iii) are referred to as users.
- the dealer B corresponds to the person who installed the vehicle body and the power unit 20 and the manufacturer of the electric bicycle 10
- the manufacturer D corresponds to the manufacturer of the power unit 20.
- the authorized person of the electric bicycle 10 is the authorized authority shown in FIG. 1, and includes representatives of the authorized authority (organization), practitioners, and the like.
- the vehicle enforcement person is the enforcement agency in FIG. 1, and includes representatives of the enforcement agency (organization), workers, and the like.
- the process (i) can detect that the electric bicycle 10 does not comply with regulations, and the process (ii) can prevent the electric bicycle 10 from being used in a condition that does not conform to regulations, ( By the process of iii), the user or the like can recognize that the electric bicycle 10 has been remodeled/refurbished to become incompatible with the regulations.
- At least one of (iv) to (vi) is executed when the reference composite gear ratio Rc1 and the current composite gear ratio Rc2 are not different.
- (iv) Determine whether the power transmission mechanism T is normal.
- (v) Generate information for permitting driving using the power transmission mechanism T;
- the process (iv) can detect that the electric bicycle 10 is compliant with regulations, and the process (v) allows the electric bicycle 10 to be used in a compliant state.
- the user or the like can recognize that the electric bicycle 10 has not been remodeled or repaired so as to be in a legally incompatible state.
- control system 400 for managing the electric bicycle 10 will now be described with reference to FIGS. 14-17. It should be noted that the control system 400 does not have to have all functions executed by the control circuit 40 of the electric bicycle 10, and some functions may be executed by the server or the user's portable terminal 8 (application). As shown in FIGS. 14 to 17, the control system 400 includes a motor control unit 410, a memory 420 for storing first gear ratio related information acquired when the assist device is installed, and the first gear ratio related information from the memory 420.
- a first gear ratio-related information acquisition unit 430 that acquires a second gear ratio-related information acquisition unit 440 that acquires the second gear ratio-related information after installation of the assist device; and an abnormal state or a normal state of the power transmission mechanism T
- An abnormality determination unit 450 for judging and a notification unit 460 for notifying an abnormal state of the power transmission mechanism T or notifying a normal state are provided.
- FIG. 14 is a functional block diagram of the first example.
- the compound gear ratio Rc described above is used as the first gear ratio related information and the second gear ratio related information.
- the store B stores in the memory 420 the reference composite gear ratio Rc1 of the power transmission mechanism T when the assist device is installed.
- the first gear ratio related information acquisition unit 430 acquires the reference composite gear ratio Rc1 from the memory 420 .
- the second gear ratio related information acquisition unit 440 obtains, for example, the rotation speed Ni [rpm] of the motor M and the rotation speed No [rpm] of the rear wheel 78, which is the rotation speed of the output unit, after the assist device is installed. and calculate the current compound gear ratio Rc2.
- Abnormality determination unit 450 compares reference composite gear ratio Rc1 acquired by first gear ratio related information acquisition unit 430 with current compound gear ratio Rc2 calculated by second gear ratio related information acquisition unit 440, and determines the current If the composite gear ratio Rc2 and the reference composite gear ratio Rc1 are different, it is determined that the power transmission mechanism T is abnormal, and if the current composite gear ratio Rc2 and the reference composite gear ratio Rc1 are not different, it is determined that the power transmission mechanism T is normal. do.
- the torque value Tq detected by the torque sensor SE2 is input to the abnormality determination unit 450 .
- Abnormality determination unit 450 does not perform abnormality determination or normality determination when the torque value is zero.
- the torque value Tq of the torque sensor SE2 is greater than zero, and at least one of the pedaling force and the driving force of the motor M need not necessarily be transmitted to the rear wheels 78, and the second one-way clutch 32 is engaged. It suffices if it is output to a certain extent. Conversely, during the abnormality determination process, the motor control unit 410 may control the motor M so that the motor M outputs driving force to the extent that the second one-way clutch 32 is engaged.
- the notification unit 460 displays a warning to the occupants and notifies the manufacturer, administrator, and the like. By displaying a warning to the occupant, the occupant can be made to recognize that the power transmission mechanism T is in a legal non-compliance state. In addition, by informing the manufacturer, administrator, etc., the manufacturer, administrator, etc. can recognize that there is a possibility that the power transmission mechanism T has been remodeled or repaired so that it is in a non-compliant state. If the current composite gear ratio Rc2 and the reference composite gear ratio Rc1 do not differ, the notification unit 460 may notify the passenger, manufacturer, administrator, etc. that the power transmission mechanism T is in compliance with regulations.
- the motor control unit 410 can suppress or prohibit the driving of the motor M when there is an abnormality such as the power transmission mechanism T not conforming to regulations. By suppressing or prohibiting the driving of the motor M, it is possible to prevent the electric bicycle 10 from running in a state that does not comply with the regulations.
- To suppress the driving of the motor M means, for example, to control so that the motor M can output only a small driving force. Further, the motor control unit 410 may perform control so that the driving force is output from the motor M within a range that does not deviate from the regulation based on the current compound gear ratio Rc2.
- FIG. 15 is a functional block diagram of the second example.
- the above-described vehicle speed No' [km/h] is used as the first gear ratio related information and the second gear ratio related information.
- the number of revolutions Ni [rpm] of the motor M when the assist device is installed is stored in the memory 420 by the store B (hereinafter, the number of revolutions of the motor M at this time is referred to as Ni1 [rpm]), power transmission
- Ni1 [rpm] the number of revolutions of the motor M at this time
- the reference compound gear ratio Rc1 of the mechanism T and the circumferential length Ct [m] of the rear wheel 78 are stored.
- the first gear ratio related information acquisition unit 430 acquires the rotation speed Ni1 of the motor M, the reference composite gear ratio Rc1, and the circumference Ct of the rear wheel 78 from the memory 420 .
- the first gear ratio-related information acquisition unit 430 obtains the following from the rotational speed Ni1 of the motor M, the reference composite gear ratio Rc1, and the circumferential length Ct of the rear wheel 78 when the assist device is attached, based on the above-described equation (5).
- a reference vehicle speed No'1 [km/h] is calculated.
- the second gear ratio-related information acquisition unit 440 obtains the actual vehicle speed No′2 [km/h], which is the actual vehicle speed of the electric bicycle 10 when the rotation speed of the motor M is Ni1 [rpm] after the assist device is installed. to get The actual vehicle speed No'2 [km/h] is acquired from a GPS or the like, a cycle computer or the like. That is, the actual vehicle speed No'2 [km/h] is the vehicle speed No' [km/h] obtained without using the reference vehicle speed No'1 [km/h].
- the abnormality determination unit 450 determines the reference vehicle speed No′1 [km/h] calculated by the first gear ratio related information obtaining unit 430 and the actual vehicle speed No′2 [km/h] obtained by the second gear ratio related information obtaining unit 440. km/h], and if the actual vehicle speed No′2 [km/h] and the reference vehicle speed No′1 [km/h] are different, it is determined that the power transmission mechanism T is abnormal.
- the torque value Tq detected by the torque sensor SE2 is input to the abnormality determination unit 450, and the abnormality determination is not performed when the torque value is zero, as in the first example.
- the functions of the notification unit 460 and the motor control unit 410 are the same as in the first example.
- the vehicle speed No' [km/h] When the vehicle speed No' [km/h] is used as the first gear ratio-related information and the second gear ratio-related information, the vehicle speed No' [km/h] also includes a component of the circumferential length Ct of the rear wheels 78. Abnormalities due to the rear wheel 78 having a large diameter and abnormalities due to the rear wheel 78 having a small diameter can be determined.
- FIG. 16 is a functional block diagram of a modification of the second example.
- the second gear ratio-related information acquisition unit 440 determines that the number of rotations of the motor M after the installation of the assist device is Ni1, which is the same as when the reference vehicle speed No′1 [km/h] is calculated. [rpm], it was necessary to acquire the actual vehicle speed No′2 [km/h], which is the actual vehicle speed of the electric bicycle 10 . However, regardless of the number of revolutions Ni [rpm] of the motor M after the assist device is installed, the second gear ratio related information acquisition unit 440 obtains the current composite Gear ratio Rc2 can be obtained.
- the second gear ratio-related information acquisition unit 440 acquires the circumference Ct [m] of the rear wheel 78 from the memory 420, and acquires the rotation speed Ni [rpm] of the motor M from the motor rotation speed sensor SE1. Then, the actual vehicle speed No'2 [km/h] is obtained from a cycle computer or the like such as GPS, and the current compound gear ratio Rc2 is obtained from the equation (13).
- Abnormality determination section 450 then compares reference composite gear ratio Rc1 stored in memory 420 with current composite gear ratio Rc2 calculated by second gear ratio related information acquisition section 440, and determines current composite gear ratio Rc2. and the reference composite gear ratio Rc1 are different, it is determined that the power transmission mechanism T is abnormal, and if the current composite gear ratio Rc2 and the reference composite gear ratio Rc1 are not different, it is determined that the power transmission mechanism T is normal.
- the torque value Tq detected by the torque sensor SE2 is input to the abnormality determination unit 450, and the abnormality determination is not performed when the torque value is zero, as in the first example.
- the functions of the notification unit 460 and the motor control unit 410 are the same as in the first example.
- the vehicle speed No′ [km/h] for calculating the current compound gear ratio Rc2 includes a component of the circumferential length Ct of the rear wheels 78. It is possible to determine whether the abnormality is caused by the large diameter of the wheel 78 or by the small diameter of the rear wheel 78 .
- FIG. 17 is a functional block diagram of the third example.
- the traveling distance L [m] described above is used as the first gear ratio related information and the second gear ratio related information.
- the manufacturer or the like stores in the memory 420 the traveling distance L [m] when the assist device is attached (hereinafter, the traveling distance L when attached is referred to as the reference traveling distance L1).
- the reference traveling distance L1 [m] is calculated from the reference compound gear ratio Rc1 and the circumferential length Ct [m] of the rear wheel 78 based on the equation (6).
- the first transmission gear ratio related information acquisition section 430 acquires the reference traveling distance L1 [m] from the memory 420 .
- the second gear ratio related information acquisition unit 440 acquires the traveling distance L [m] after the installation of the assist device (the traveling distance L after the installation of the assist device is hereinafter referred to as the actual traveling distance L2).
- the actual traveling distance L2 [m] is obtained from GPS or the like, a cycle computer or the like. That is, the actual traveling distance L2 [m] is the traveling distance L obtained without using the reference traveling distance L1.
- Abnormality determination unit 450 determines reference travel distance L1 [m] acquired by first gear ratio related information acquisition unit 430 and actual travel distance L2 [m] acquired by second gear ratio related information acquisition unit 440. When the actual traveling distance L2 [m] and the reference traveling distance L1 [m] are different, it is determined that the power transmission mechanism T is abnormal, and the actual traveling distance L2 [m] and the reference traveling distance L1 [m] are different. If not, it is determined whether the power transmission mechanism T is normal.
- the torque value Tq detected by the torque sensor SE2 is input to the abnormality determination unit 450, and the abnormality determination is not performed when the torque value is zero, as in the first example.
- the functions of the notification unit 460 and the motor control unit 410 are the same as in the first example.
- the traveling distance L [m] is used as the first gear ratio related information and the second gear ratio related information, since the traveling distance L [m] includes the component of the circumference Ct of the rear wheel 78, It is possible to determine both the abnormality due to the large diameter and the abnormality due to the small diameter of the rear wheel 78 .
- Vehicle speed acquisition step S115 Returning to FIG. 7, if the reference composite gear ratio Rc1 and the current composite gear ratio Rc2 do not differ, driving (electrically assisted) using the power transmission mechanism T is allowed, and while the electric bicycle 10 is running, the control circuit 40: The vehicle speed of the electric bicycle 10 is acquired. The vehicle speed No′ [km/h] of the electric bicycle 10 is calculated based on the rotation speed Ni [rpm] of the motor M obtained from the motor rotation speed sensor SE1 and the current compound gear ratio Rc2 stored in any memory.
- the vehicle speed No′ [km/h] of the electric bicycle 10 may be acquired from a cycle computer or the like, such as GPS.
- the control circuit 40 sets the target torque to be instructed to the motor M based on the current vehicle speed No' and the set generated torque. decide. More specifically, the control circuit 40 acquires the assist ratio based on the vehicle speed No' based on the vehicle speed-assist ratio graph of FIG. Determine target torque.
- control circuit 40 controls the current to the motor M based on a three-dimensional control map in which current values (A) for vehicle speed (km/h) and (target) torque (Nm) are set. Directives can be set.
- the management method of the electric bicycle 10 includes a second gear ratio related information display step S121 for displaying the second gear ratio related information when a request is received from the law enforcement agency (YES in S119); A target torque display step S123 for displaying the target torque set in the torque setting step S117 is executed. If there is no request from the law enforcement agency (NO in S119), the vehicle speed acquisition step S115 and the target torque setting step S117 are repeated while the electric bicycle 10 is running.
- the latest current compound gear ratio Rc2 is displayed on the display unit of the electric bicycle 10 or the user's mobile terminal 8.
- information indicating that the current composite gear ratio Rc2 is not different from or different from the reference composite gear ratio Rc1 may be displayed.
- the enforcement agency must confirm that the second gear ratio related information is not different from the first gear ratio related information, or that it is different, in other words, that there is no modification or modification that may cause legal non-compliance.
- the target torque display step S123 the target torque is displayed for each speed on the display unit of the electric bicycle 10 or the user's mobile terminal 8. Since the "target torque” and the “generated torque” (actual value) actually generated by the motor are always the same, the “target torque” may be replaced with the “generated torque.” In the following description, it is assumed that the generated torque is displayed in the target torque display step S123.
- FIG. 30 is a diagram showing an example of a legal compliance confirmation screen displayed on the mobile terminal 8 of the user.
- an image of the electric bicycle 10 was taken by a worker at the store B with the camera of the store tablet 60 when the assist device was attached, as will be described later.
- the assist ratio log is a graph that shows the relationship between the assist ratio and vehicle speed, along with the upper limit of the assist ratio (thick black line in the figure) and the actual assist ratio (black circle in the figure). be.
- the actual assist ratio is stored and displayed at intervals of 5 km/h in this example.
- the actual assist ratio may be filtered.
- the filtering process removes values calculated when the generated torque is large and unstable values that do not appear for a predetermined period of time, such as less than 3 seconds, among the simply calculated values calculated in the target torque setting step S117.
- the control circuit 40 stores the average value of filter values corresponding to 15 [km/h] ⁇ a predetermined width, Alternatively, the maximum value of the filter values corresponding to 15 km/h ⁇ predetermined range is stored as the assist ratio (actual value) at 15 km/h.
- the judgment result will display, for example, "legal compliance" when all the displayed generated torques are smaller than the upper limit value of the assist ratio stipulated by law.
- the date and time of determination it is possible to prevent conformity camouflage due to image capture.
- the law enforcement agency can easily and accurately determine that the assistance is not in violation of regulations, and the user can prove the legality.
- the target torque is displayed in the target torque display step S123 on the premise that it is always the same as the generated torque when there is a request from the law enforcement agency.
- a wheel output display step S139 for displaying the wheel output from the rear wheels 78 is executed.
- the target torque is a target value for determining the current command value to be generated by the motor M, while the wheel output is the value actually output from the rear wheels 78 . Since the wheel output includes the transmission loss in the power transmission mechanism T and the like, it is more suitable for judging the regulatory compliance state than the target torque.
- a wheel output estimation step S135 for estimating the wheel output and a wheel output storage step S137 for storing the wheel output are executed.
- the wheel output is calculated from the above equation (11).
- the running speed V (km/h) in the formula (11) may be calculated from the rotation speed No [rpm] of the rear wheel 78 detected by the rear wheel rotation speed sensor SE3, and may be obtained from a GPS or the like, a cycle computer, or the like. may be obtained.
- the wheel driving force F(N) in the formula (11) is calculated from the following formula (14).
- Mq is the motor torque [N ⁇ m]
- Tq is the torque [N ⁇ m] generated by the pedaling force detected by the torque sensor SE2
- Rc2 is the above-mentioned current compound gear ratio
- RD is the rear wheel 78 radius [m] and R is the optimization factor (correction value).
- the wheel output estimated in the wheel output estimation step S135 may be stored in the memory of the control circuit 40, may be stored in the memory of the server, or may be stored in the memory of the user's mobile terminal 8 that can communicate with the electric bicycle 10. may be stored.
- wheel output display step S139 In the wheel output display step S139, the wheel output is displayed on the display unit of the electric bicycle 10 or the mobile terminal 8 of the user. Instead of displaying the wheel output, information indicating that the wheel output does not exceed or exceeds the upper limit wheel output may be displayed. Also, instead of displaying the wheel output, the actual assist ratio calculated based on the formulas (10) to (12) may be displayed, and the assist ratio conforms to the law or not. Information may be displayed indicating that there is no
- the front and rear gear ratios of a typical bicycle provided with an external switching device will be described.
- the front/rear gear ratio of the bicycle is determined according to the number of teeth (Rr cog number of teeth) of the driven sprocket 81 of the rear wheel 78 selected by the switching device as shown in FIG.
- the front/rear gear ratio is not always constant, and there is a range above and below the theoretical gear ratio indicated by the solid line.
- the amount of fluctuation when the gear ratio is larger than the theoretical value is smaller than the amount of fluctuation when the gear ratio is smaller than the theoretical value. This is because the bicycle is provided with a one-way clutch.
- dealer B associates and stores a front/rear gear ratio having a predetermined width and a gear stage when installing the assist device (gear stage storing step S108).
- the front and rear gear ratios of 2.75 to 3.2 are the third gear
- the front and rear gear ratios of 1.8 to 2.1 are the second gear
- the front and rear gear ratios of 1.25 to 1.25. .6 is stored as the first shift stage.
- the relationship between the front and rear gears and the gears may be stored in the memory of the control circuit 40, the memory of the server, or the memory of the user's portable terminal 8 that can communicate with the electric bicycle 10. good too.
- the relationship between the front and rear gear ratios and gear stages is already known, so it may be pre-installed in the memory of the control circuit 40 or the like. Then, while the electric bicycle 10 is running, the current compound gear ratio Rc2 is acquired, the front and rear gear stages are estimated from the current compound gear ratio Rc2 (gear stage estimation step S141), and the estimated gear stage is displayed on the display of the electric bicycle 10. Alternatively, it is displayed on the mobile terminal 8 of the user (speed stage estimation step S143).
- the gear position is preferably estimated when the second one-way clutch 32 is engaged. This is because if the gear position is estimated while the second one-way clutch 32 is not engaged, the gear ratio cannot be obtained accurately.
- this estimation of the gear stage also when acquiring the current compound gear ratio Rc2 in the second gear ratio related information acquisition step S109.
- n determination ranges are set within the range of possible values of the second gear ratio related information
- the second gear ratio related information is: If it is included in the m-th determination range, the gear stage is estimated to be the m-th stage. This makes it possible to acquire the second gear ratio-related information when the electric bicycle 10 is at the maximum gear stage, which tends to cause the electric bicycle 10 to be in a non-compliant state, and more accurately determine whether the electric bicycle 10 is in a non-compliant state. can do.
- the output shaft 21 of the motor M and the crankshaft 83 are arranged in parallel. It may be arranged perpendicular to the crankshaft 83 .
- the power of the motor M is transmitted to the idle shaft 22 by, for example, a bevel gear mechanism or the like.
- FIG. 19A and 19B are explanatory diagrams of another modification of the power transmission mechanism T.
- FIG. 19 In the power transmission mechanism T of this modification, as shown in FIG. 19, a chain 82 is wound around the drive sprocket 80, the motor output gear 21a of the motor M, and the driven sprocket 81 provided on the axle of the rear wheel 78. , the power of the motor M is directly transmitted to the chain 82 . Even with such a power transmission mechanism T, abnormality determination of the power transmission mechanism T can be performed by the management method of the electric bicycle 10 described above.
- dealer B purchases a non-electric bicycle body from manufacturer F and attaches an assist device (power unit, control circuit, battery) to this body.
- the electric bicycle with an assist device sold by dealer B is a new electric bicycle.
- the non-electric bicycle manufactured and sold is fitted with an assist device at dealer B, and dealer B sells it as an electric bicycle.
- the power unit (the power UNIT in the figure), the battery, and the vehicle body are each recorded with a product number and individual number using a QR code (registered trademark).
- control software (rotational speed-output map, etc.) is installed in advance in the control circuit.
- combinations of vehicle bodies and parts authorized and registered by an accreditation body are registered, and control parameters for each combination are registered.
- control parameters are registered in the server.
- An example of a control parameter is the circumference of the rear wheel and the number of teeth on the driving and driven sprockets.
- the control parameters such as the circumference of the rear wheels and the gear ratio are known and registered in advance in the server. It is necessary to register the gear ratio etc. from the formula.
- the case of certified vehicles will be described below. Further, in the case of a certified vehicle, the transmission gear ratio pre-registered in the server is referred to as an assumed transmission gear ratio.
- FIG. 25 is a diagram illustrating an example of the flow when installing the assist device (relationships among the devices during installation are shown in FIG. 21).
- a worker account is assigned in advance to the worker at dealer B who installs the assist device on the vehicle body.
- the worker logs into the store application of the store tablet 60 with the assigned worker account during the installation work.
- the server acquires login information for the store app and records who worked and when.
- the worker attaches the control circuit, power unit, and battery to the vehicle body.
- the worker reads the QR codes of the vehicle body, power unit, and battery using the store tablet 60 on which the store application is installed.
- the store application inquires of the server whether the combination is authorized, that is, whether it is an approved vehicle.
- the server When the server receives the inquiry, it confirms that the queried combination is the authorized combination. If so, the server sends the control parameters associated with that combination to the store app. If the vehicle is not certified, send a message to the store app to the effect that the vehicle is not certified.
- the store app When the store app receives the control parameters, it makes a BT connection (Bluetooth communication) with the control circuit and writes the control parameters to the control circuit.
- the server stores combination information.
- the worker may also store the state of the attached electric bicycle.
- the combination information and the like may be stored in association with the worker account of the worker in store B, and may be further stored in association with user information. These pieces of information stored in the server can be obtained at any time upon request from the store tablet 60 on which the store application is installed. After installing the assist device, the worker at the store B checks the installation.
- FIG. 26 is a diagram illustrating an example of an attachment check flow when attaching an assist device.
- Installation check items that are consistent with the store are registered in advance in the store application and the server.
- the store application displays the registered installation check items on the store tablet 60 after installation.
- the worker at the store B proceeds with the confirmation work according to the check items displayed on the store tablet 60 .
- FIG. 27 is a diagram showing an example of installation check items displayed on the store tablet 60.
- the following 10 items are displayed as check items. "1. Is the assist unit loose or damaged?" "2. Does the assist function work normally, and is there any abnormal noise?" "3. Is there any grease leakage from the assist unit?" "4. Are there any loose or damaged electrical wiring connections?" "5. Is there any disconnection of the cord, and is the state of attachment to the frame appropriate?" "6. Does the battery lock key work?" "7. Is the battery installed properly?" "8. Does the indicator lamp light up, or does it indicate an abnormality?" "9. Is the battery draining quickly?” "10. Is it in maximum gear?” can be exemplified. Note that the check items are not limited to these.
- the store application displays the photographing location and prompts the worker to take a photograph of the electric bicycle after the assist device is attached. For example, as shown in FIG. 27, the operator takes a picture of the entire electric bicycle and the part where the body number is displayed with the camera of the store tablet 60, and saves the taken image.
- the store app displays the result of the installation check (pass or fail) and the date and time when all the photos are taken.
- the store application when the result of the installation check is a pass, the store application generates information permitting acquisition of the first gear ratio related information or information prompting acquisition of the first gear ratio related information.
- the store application transmits the installation check result and the captured image to the server, and the server saves them. After checking the installation, the worker at the store B checks the operation of the electric bicycle.
- FIG. 28 is a diagram illustrating an example of an operation check flow after attachment of the assist device.
- the store application makes a BT connection (Bluetooth communication) with the control circuit, and turns on the power of the control circuit.
- the control circuit conducts a self-diagnosis for the presence or absence of an error by energizing the power unit and the battery, and transmits the diagnosis result to the store application.
- the store application displays an error number when there is an error, and displays an operation check method on the store tablet 60 when there is no error.
- the worker at the store B proceeds with the confirmation work according to the check items displayed on the store tablet 60 .
- the worker at store B idly rotates the crank pedal by hand while the rear wheel is lifted, or rotates the crank pedal in the bench test described above.
- FIG. 29 is a diagram showing an example of operation check items displayed on the store tablet 60. As shown in FIG. For example, the following seven items are displayed as check items. "Vehicle speed of 1.10 km / h or more”, “2.1 or more battery level”, “3.1 or more pedaling power”, “4.1 or more motor power”, “a pedaling cadence of 5.1 or greater”, “6. gear stage”, “7. Error code occurrence” Note that the check items are not limited to these. "1 or more” is intended to confirm that a value greater than at least 0 is output.
- the store app will display the error number or prompt you to correct the work or replace parts. If there is no error, for example, the determination result for each item (OK in FIG. 29) and the determination result for all items (operation confirmed in FIG. 29) are displayed.
- the store application preferably displays the date and time when the determination was made along with the determination result.
- the store application may display the gear ratio (estimated gear ratio) calculated by idling together with the display of the determination result or separately from the display of the determination result. It should be noted that this gear ratio (estimated gear ratio) is the aforementioned first gear ratio related information.
- the assumed gear ratio is available, so compare this gear ratio (estimated gear ratio) with the assumed gear ratio, and check whether this gear ratio (estimated gear ratio) is the same as the assumed gear ratio. can be confirmed.
- the gear ratio (estimated gear ratio) calculated by idling should be the same value as the assumed gear ratio. This improves the reliability of the gear ratio as the first gear ratio related information, and makes it possible to more accurately compare the first gear ratio related information and the second gear ratio related information after delivery of the electric bicycle. .
- the store application After acquiring the first transmission ratio related information, the store application transmits the operation check result and the first transmission ratio related information (estimated gear ratio) to the server, and the server saves the operation check result and the first transmission ratio related information. .
- the server registers the bicycle as an inspected electric bicycle. The worker at store B finishes the work and hands over the electric bicycle to the user.
- the electric bicycle 10 has been exemplified as the vehicle, the vehicle is not limited to this, and may be a two-wheeled vehicle without input from the crank pedal 79, a three-wheeled vehicle other than a two-wheeled vehicle, or a four-wheeled vehicle.
- the assist device is not necessarily limited to the non-electric bicycle after sale, and the assist device is installed at a new non-electric bicycle shop or the like. It can also be applied to finished vehicles. It can also be applied to a completed vehicle manufactured in a factory where an assist device is installed (that is, an electric bicycle completed vehicle factory) on the same site where the vehicle body was manufactured.
- a vehicle management method comprising: a step of mounting a vehicle body and a power source (power unit 20) mounted on the vehicle (mounting step S101); At a first time, information (composite gear ratio Rc, vehicle speed No′) related to the gear ratio of the transmission section that is the whole or part of the power transmission mechanism (power transmission mechanism T) between the power source and the wheels of the vehicle , travel distance L) (first gear ratio related information acquisition step S103) of acquiring the first gear ratio related information (reference compound gear ratio Rc1); The first gear ratio related information is stored in a storage unit mounted on the vehicle (memory of the control circuit 40), or a storage unit of an external device provided to be communicable with the vehicle (memory of the server, memory of the mobile terminal 8) ) (first gear ratio related information storage step S105); At a second time (after installation) after the first time (at the time of installation), the information (composite transmission ratio Rc, vehicle speed No', traveling distance L) related to the transmission gear ratio of the transmission section is
- step S109 a step of acquiring second gear ratio related information (current compound gear ratio Rc2) (second gear ratio related information acquisition step S109); and a step of comparing the first gear ratio related information and the second gear ratio related information stored in the storage unit (transmission ratio related information comparison step S111).
- the "storage unit mounted on the vehicle” is not limited to the memory of the control circuit 40 of the above-described embodiment, and may be the storage unit of the mobile terminal (for example, smartphone) of the passenger on board the vehicle.
- the occupant's mobile terminal may be detachably attached to the vehicle body, or may be attached (stored) to the occupant or the occupant's attachment (clothes, bag).
- “can communicate with vehicle” may be capable of communicating with the mobile terminal of the occupant in the vehicle, and the occupant itself, the mobile terminal attached (stored) to the occupant's attachment (clothes, bag) may be able to communicate with
- the "comparing step” can be executed at any time after the second time.
- the “storing step” can be performed at any time after the "first time” and before the "comparing step”.
- the vehicle management method includes generating information for notifying at least one person in charge of the vehicle.
- the process (i) can detect a state in which the vehicle does not conform to regulations, and the process (ii) can detect that the vehicle is used in a state in which it does not conform to regulations.
- the process of (iii) enables the passenger or the like to recognize that the vehicle has been modified/refurbished to become incompatible with the regulations.
- the vehicle can be detected in a legally compliant state by the processing of (iv), and the vehicle is used in a legally compliant state by the processing of (v).
- the processing of (vi) the vehicle occupants and the like can recognize that the vehicle has not been modified or refurbished to become incompatible with regulations.
- notification has a high degree of urgency, and it is preferable to notify even if there is no request from the notification destination.
- notification has a low degree of urgency, and is preferably notified when requested by the notification destination.
- the second gear ratio related information is a rotational state quantity (rotational speed Ni) of the first portion (sleeve 26) of the transmission section; and a rotational state quantity (rotational speed No) of a second portion (rear wheel 78) closer to the wheel than the first portion of the transmission section.
- the second gear ratio related information can be obtained with high accuracy.
- the "rotation state quantity of the second portion on the wheel side" is detected by the rear wheel rotation speed sensor SE3 arranged downstream of the second one-way clutch 32.
- the sensor SE3 may be arranged upstream of the second one-way clutch 32 (downstream of the transmission if the transmission is equipped). By arranging it downstream of the second one-way clutch 32, the vehicle speed can always be accurately detected. On the other hand, by arranging it upstream of the second one-way clutch 32, the accuracy of calculating the gear ratio is improved.
- the law enforcement agency or the like can easily determine that the second gear ratio related information is not different from or is different from the first gear ratio related information.
- a method for managing a vehicle further comprising a step (generated torque setting step S107) of setting a generated power amount (generated torque) to be generated by the power source in a control section (control circuit 40) that controls the power source.
- law enforcement agencies can easily determine that the amount of power generated does not differ from the amount of power generated that complies with laws and regulations, or that it is different.
- the vehicle management method is set for each speed or speed range of the vehicle, at a sixth time after the fourth time, a step of acquiring the current speed of the vehicle (vehicle speed acquisition step S115); A step (target torque setting step) in which the control unit determines an instructed generated power amount (target torque) to be instructed to the power source based on the current speed and the set generated power amount (generated torque) S117), and a vehicle management method further comprising:
- the generated power amount is an upper limit generated power amount (generated torque) set for each speed or each speed region, a step (target torque setting step S117) in which the control unit determines the command generated power amount (target torque) based on the current speed and the set upper limit generated power amount (target torque setting step S117); Vehicle management method.
- the law enforcement agency or the like can determine whether the vehicle complies with regulations based on the amount of power output from the wheels.
- the history of the output power amount can be easily acquired by storing the output power amount.
- the law enforcement agency or the like can easily determine that the output power amount does not exceed or exceeds the upper limit generated output power amount.
- the second gear ratio related information is a rotation state quantity (rotational speed of motor M) of a first portion on the power source side of the one-way power transmission section in the transmission section; obtained based on the rotational state quantity (the number of revolutions of the rear wheels 78) of a second portion closer to the wheel than the one-way power transmission unit in the transmission section, A method of managing a vehicle, wherein the second gear ratio related information is acquired when the one-way power transmission unit is in the engaged state.
- the certainty of the first gear ratio related information is improved, and the comparison between the first gear ratio related information and the second gear ratio related information can be performed more accurately.
- Acquisition of assumed gear ratio related information may be performed before or after acquisition of the first gear ratio (first time).
- the vehicle body and the power source can be managed, and it becomes easy to determine whether the vehicle equipped with the power source is a certified vehicle.
- the installer can be managed.
- the installer identification information also includes the identification number of the installation shop (organization) to which the installer belongs.
- work information or status information can be managed.
- the vehicle management method according to (22), The installer terminal further has an imaging unit (camera), A vehicle management method, comprising a step of acquiring image information of the vehicle body, the power source, or the vehicle after installation imaged by the imaging unit.
- a more objective record of the installation work can be left as imaging information.
- the imaging unit only needs to be able to capture at least one of a still image and a moving image.
- the first gear ratio related information can be acquired at an appropriate timing.
- the power source is an input unit (crank pedal 79) that receives input from a passenger; an electric motor (motor M) provided in parallel with the input unit, A method of managing a vehicle, wherein the first gear ratio related information or the second gear ratio related information is acquired when the input unit receives an input.
- the input from the occupant may be a stepping input or a hand input other than the pedal.
- a vehicle management method comprising: attaching a vehicle body and a power source mounted on the vehicle; a step of acquiring gear ratio-related information, which is information relating to the gear ratio of a transmission section including a switching gearbox capable of switching between n gear stages possessed by a power transmission mechanism between the power source and the wheels of the vehicle; and estimating the gear position based on the gear ratio related information.
- n determination ranges are set within the range of values that the gear ratio related information can take, A method of managing a vehicle, wherein the gear stage is estimated to be the m stage when the gear ratio related information is included in the m-th determination range.
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Abstract
Description
(1) 10キロメートル毎時未満の速度: 2
(2) 10キロメートル毎時以上24キロメートル毎時未満の速度: 走行速度をキロメートル毎時で表した数値から10を減じて得た数値を7で除したものを2から減じた数値」
車両の管理方法であって、
車両の車体と、前記車両に搭載される動力源と、を取り付けるステップと、
第1の時間に、前記動力源と前記車両の車輪との動力伝達機構の全体又は一部である伝達区間の変速比に関連する情報である第1変速比関連情報を取得するステップと、
前記第1変速比関連情報を、前記車両に搭載される記憶部、又は、前記車両と通信可能に設けられる外部装置の記憶部に記憶するステップと、
前記第1の時間よりも後の第2の時間に、前記伝達区間の変速比に関連する情報である第2変速比関連情報を取得するステップと、
前記記憶部に記憶される前記第1変速比関連情報と、前記第2変速比関連情報と、を比較するステップと、を備える。
先ずは、電動自転車の管理方法に関係する関係者の相関関係について説明する。図1は、電動自転車の管理方法に関係する関係者をまとめた関係者相関図である。
ここで、日本における電動自転車に課される法規について説明する。
日本の法規では、図2の実線(図6,9の実線も同様)で示されるように、車速が10[km/h]まではアシスト比の上限値が2で、車速が10[km/h]から24[km/h]までの間にアシスト比を2から0まで漸減させる必要がある。そのため、製造者Cが製造する制御回路は、例えば、図2に示すように、日本の法規制(実線)に対し、これを超えないように一点鎖線で示すアシスト比となるようにプログラムされている。なお、図2の一点鎖線で示す例では、10[km/h]未満の領域及び10[km/h]から24[km/h]の領域でアシスト比の上限に対して所定の余裕幅(マージン)が確保されるよう設定されている。
アシスト装置が予め組み込まれた完成車と違い、アシスト装置が後付けされる場合、アシスト装置が取り付けられる自転車の車体が多種に及ぶ。自転車は、種類によって車体抵抗(伝達損失)が異なるため、制御回路に組み込まれるプログラムは、余裕幅(マージン)を適切に設定する必要がある。余裕幅(マージン)が適切ではないと、車体抵抗の大きいシティサイクルでは法規適合状態であるのに対し、車体抵抗の少ないスポーツサイクルでは法規不適合状態となる虞がある。そのため、制御回路のプログラムは、車体抵抗値の小さい自転車を基準に初期設定されていることが好ましく、最小損失の自転車を仮定して初期設定されていてもよい。一方で、余裕幅(マージン)が大き過ぎると、実際のアシスト比が小さくなってしまう。そのため、販売店Bは、車両の種類毎に安全率を考慮した上でプログラムに最適化係数(補正値)を加算してフィッティングすることが好ましい。また、販売店Bは、最適化係数(補正値)を用いずに車種毎に細かくフィッティングしてもよい。なお、この余裕幅(マージン)は、実際には、目標トルクに対する電流指令値に含まれてもよく、参照するマップ(例えば、図10)に含まれてもよい。
次に、アシスト装置を取り付けた電動自転車の一例について説明する。
電動自転車10は、図3に示すように、前輪73と、後輪78と、自転車フレーム67と、後輪78を駆動する動力ユニット20と、動力ユニット20と電気的に接続されるバッテリユニット4と、を備え、動力ユニット20が発生するアシスト力が出力可能に構成された電動アシスト自転車である。
一般的に変速比は、入力部の回転数に対する出力部の回転数である。電動自転車10では、入力部の回転数がスリーブ26の回転数であり、出力部の回転数が後輪78の回転数である。本実施形態では、モータ出力ギヤ21aと従動ギヤ26aとの変速比を1としているため、スリーブ26の回転数は、モータ回転数センサSE1で検出されるモータMの回転数と等しい。また、スリーブ26の回転数は、第1ワンウェイクラッチ28が係合した状態ではクランク軸83の回転数と等しい。
(5)
(8)
(9)
次に電動自転車10の管理方法について図7を参照しながら説明する。
電動自転車10の管理方法は、前述したアシスト装置を非電動自転車の車体に取り付ける取付ステップS101と、第1の時間であるアシスト装置の取付時(以下、取付時と称する)に取得した動力伝達機構Tの全体である伝達区間の変速比に関連する情報である第1変速比関連情報を取得する第1変速比関連情報取得ステップS103と、第1変速比関連情報を記憶する第1変速比関連情報記憶ステップS105と、モータMから発生する発生トルクを設定する発生トルク設定ステップS107と、第2の時間であるアシスト装置の取付時より後(以下、取付後)のその伝達区間の変速比に関連する情報である第2変速比関連情報を取得する第2変速比関連情報取得ステップS109と、第1変速比関連情報と第2変速比関連情報とを比較する変速比関連情報比較ステップS111と、異常判定等を行う異常判定ステップS113と、車速を取得する車速取得ステップS115と、モータMに指示するモータトルク指令値を設定する目標トルク設定ステップS117と、を備える。
販売店Bは、駆動スプロケット80と従動スプロケット81との変速比Rg及び切替変速装置30の変速比Rtが既知の場合、上記(3)式から複合変速比Rcを算出してもよく、実走してモータ回転数センサSE1で検出されるモータMの回転数と後輪回転数センサSE3で検出される後輪78の回転数とに基づき上記(4)式から複合変速比Rcを算出してもよく、台上試験で複合変速比Rcを算出してもよい。認定車両の場合は、複合変速比Rcは既知である。以下、取付時の複合変速比Rcを参照複合変速比Rc1と称する。
図7に戻って、販売店Bは、第1変速比関連情報取得ステップS103で取得した参照複合変速比Rc1を、制御回路40のメモリに記憶させてもよく、サーバーのメモリに記憶させてもよく、電動自転車10と通信可能なユーザーの携帯端末8のメモリに記憶させてもよい。携帯端末8は、電動自転車10と直接通信可能である場合に限らず、サーバーを介して電動自転車10と間接的に通信可能であってもよい。
販売店Bは、アシスト装置を取り付けた後且つ使用者への販売前に、前述したように持ち込まれた自転車の種類によって予め組み込まれたプログラム(制御ソフト)を補正し、モータMに発生させる発生トルクを設定する。この補正は、例えば予め設定されたプログラムに、アシスト装置が取り付けられる自転車の種類に応じて、適切な補正係数をかけてもよく、適切な数値となるようにプログラムを改変してもよい。発生トルクは、車速毎に設定されることが好ましい。発生トルクは、アシスト比の上限値に基づいて設定された上限発生トルクであってもよい。販売店Bは、上限発生トルク以下であれば、プログラムを補正して自由に発生トルクを設定することができる。なお、発生トルク設定がプレインストールされている場合、販売店Bでの設定は省略することができる。発生トルクの設定の仕方が、タイヤ端動力(出力)の絶対値などを基準とした設定ではなく、図2に示すように「踏力入力に対する比率」で規定されるので、変速比によらず全車で同一設定とすることができ、制御回路40のメモリ等にプレインストールすることも可能となっている。
図7に戻って、アシスト装置の取付後(電動自転車10の販売後)、電動自転車10の走行中には、制御回路40は、常時又は所定の周期でモータ回転数センサSE1で検出されるモータMの回転数と後輪回転数センサSE3で検出される後輪78の回転数とに基づき上記(4)式から複合変速比Rcを算出し、電動自転車10の制御回路40、サーバー、ユーザーの携帯端末8の少なくとも一つに記憶する。以下、アシスト装置の取付後の複合変速比Rcを現複合変速比Rc2と称する。現複合変速比Rc2は、参照複合変速比Rc1を用いずに検出される変速比であり、他の方法(例えば、後述するGPS等、サイクルコンピュータ等)を用いて(5)式を変形した式から算出されてもよい。現複合変速比Rc2は、最も大きな変速比である変速段(最大変速段)における変速比であることが好ましい。
変速比関連情報比較ステップS111では、電動自転車10の制御回路40のメモリ、サーバーのメモリ、ユーザーの携帯端末8のメモリのいずれかに組み込まれた比較プログラムで参照複合変速比Rc1と現複合変速比Rc2とを比較する。
異常判定ステップS113では、参照複合変速比Rc1と現複合変速比Rc2とが異なるときに、(i)~(iii)の少なくとも一つを実行する。
(i)動力伝達機構Tの異常を判定する。
(ii)動力伝達機構Tを利用した駆動を抑制する若しくは禁止するための情報を生成する。
(iii)電動自転車10の乗員(ユーザー)、車体と動力ユニット20との取付者、電動自転車10の製造者、動力ユニット20の製造者、電動自転車10の管理者、動力ユニット20の管理者、電動自転車10の認可者、若しくは、電動自転車10の取り締まり者の少なくとも一つに報知するための情報を生成する。以下、(iii)に列挙した者をユーザー等と称する。
(iv)動力伝達機構Tの正常を判定する。
(v)動力伝達機構Tを利用した駆動を許可するための情報を生成する。
(vi)電動自転車10の乗員(ユーザー)、車体と動力ユニット20との取付者、電動自転車10の製造者、動力ユニット20の製造者、電動自転車10の管理者、動力ユニット20の管理者、電動自転車10の認可者、若しくは、電動自転車10の取り締まり者の少なくとも一つに通知するための情報を生成する。
一旦ここで、電動自転車10の管理方法に関する制御システム400について図14~図17を参照しながら説明する。なお、制御システム400は、全ての機能が電動自転車10の制御回路40で実行される必要はなく、一部の機能がサーバーやユーザーの携帯端末8(アプリ)で実行されてもよい。制御システム400は、図14~図17に示すように、モータ制御部410と、アシスト装置の取付時に取得した第1変速比関連情報を記憶するメモリ420と、メモリ420から第1変速比関連情報を取得する第1変速比関連情報取得部430と、アシスト装置の取付後に第2変速比関連情報を取得する第2変速比関連情報取得部440と、動力伝達機構Tの異常状態又は正常状態を判定する異常判定部450と、動力伝達機構Tの異常状態を報知する又は正常状態を通知する報知部460と、を備える。
図14は、第1例の機能ブロック図である。第1例では、第1変速比関連情報及び第2変速比関連情報として、上記した複合変速比Rcが用いられる。
図15は、第2例の機能ブロック図である。第2例では、第1変速比関連情報及び第2変速比関連情報として、上記した車速No′[km/h]が用いられる。
図16は、第2例の変形例の機能ブロック図である。上記した第2例では、第2変速比関連情報取得部440は、参照車速No′1[km/h]を算出したときと同じである、アシスト装置の取付後においてモータMの回転数がNi1[rpm]のとき、電動自転車10の実際の車速である実車速No′2[km/h]を取得する必要があった。しかしながら、第2変速比関連情報取得部440は、アシスト装置の取付後においてモータMの回転数Ni[rpm]に関わらず、上記した(5)式を変形した以下の(13)式から現複合変速比Rc2を取得することができる。
(13)
図17は、第3例の機能ブロック図である。第3例では、第1変速比関連情報及び第2変速比関連情報として、上記した進行距離L[m]が用いられる。
図7に戻って、参照複合変速比Rc1と現複合変速比Rc2とが異ならなければ動力伝達機構Tを利用した駆動(電動アシスト)が許容され、電動自転車10の走行中、制御回路40は、電動自転車10の車速を取得する。電動自転車10の車速No′[km/h]は、モータ回転数センサSE1から取得されるモータMの回転数Ni[rpm]及びいずれかのメモリに記憶されている現複合変速比Rc2に基づき上記(5)式から算出してもよく、後輪回転数センサSE3から取得される後輪78の回転数No[rpm]を上記(5)式のNi[rpm]×Rcの代わりに用いて(5)式から算出してもよい。また、電動自転車10の車速No′[km/h]は、GPS等、サイクルコンピュータ等から取得されてもよい。
発生トルク設定ステップS107で設定された発生トルクが車速毎の発生トルクである場合、制御回路40は、現在の車速No′と、設定された発生トルクとに基づいてモータMに指示する目標トルクを決定する。より具体的には、制御回路40は、図9の車速-アシスト比のグラフに基づいて車速No′に基づくアシスト比を取得し、トルクセンサSE2で取得されるトルク値Tq及びアシスト比に基づいて目標トルクを決定する。
法規適合確認画面では、例えば、電動自転車10の画像、アシスト比ログ、判定結果、判定日時が表示される。電動自転車10の画像は、後述するように販売店Bの作業員により店舗タブレット60のカメラでアシスト装置の取付時に撮影されたものである。アシスト比ログは、アシスト比と車速との関係を示すグラフに、法規で定められたアシスト比の上限値(図中、太い黒線)とともに、実際のアシスト比(図中、黒丸)が表示される。
次に電動自転車10の管理方法の変形例について図11を参照しながら説明する。
前述した実施形態では、取締り機関からの要請がある場合、発生トルクと常時同じであるとの前提の下で、目標トルク表示ステップS123において目標トルクを表示していたが、本変形例では、目標トルク表示ステップS123の代わりに、後輪78からの出力である車輪出力を表示する車輪出力表示ステップS139を実行する。
車輪出力は上記(11)式から算出される。(11)式中の走行速度V(km/h)は、後輪回転数センサSE3で検出される後輪78の回転数No[rpm]から算出されてもよく、GPS等、サイクルコンピュータ等から取得されてもよい。
Mqはモータトルク[N・m]であり、TqはトルクセンサSE2から検出されるペダル踏力によって発生するトルク[N・m]であり、Rc2は前述した現複合変速比であり、RDは後輪78の半径[m]であり、Rは最適化係数(補正値)である。
車輪出力推定ステップS135で推定された車輪出力は、制御回路40のメモリに記憶されてもよく、サーバーのメモリに記憶されてもよく、電動自転車10と通信可能なユーザーの携帯端末8のメモリに記憶されてもよい。
車輪出力表示ステップS139では、電動自転車10の表示部又はユーザーの携帯端末8に車輪出力が表示される。なお、車輪出力を表示する代わりに車輪出力が上限車輪出力を超えていないこと若しくは超えていることを示す情報が表示されてもよい。また、車輪出力を表示する代わりに(10)~(12)式に基づいて算出される実際のアシスト比が表示されてもよく、アシスト比が法規に適合していること若しくは法規に適合していないことを示す情報が表示されてもよい。
電動自転車10に変速比の異なる複数の変速段を有する切替変速装置30が設けられている場合、一般的な自転車ではハンドルに設けられた切替入力装置の表示窓に変速段が表示される。しかし切替入力装置の表示窓が小さいため、特に走行中は見えづらい。一方、自転車に変速段検出センサを設け、検出結果を表示することも考えられるが、変速段を検出するために別途センサを設けることは好ましくない。前述したように、電動自転車10の管理方法では、第2変速比関連情報取得ステップS109で現複合変速比Rc2(以下、前後変速比)が取得される。
自転車の前後変速比は、図13に示すように切替装置によって選択された後輪78の従動スプロケット81の歯数(Rrコグ歯数)に応じて決定される。しかしながら、前後変速比は必ずしも常に一定ではなく、実線で示す理論変速比に対し上下に幅がある。理論値に対し変速比が大きくなる方の振れ幅は、理論値に対し変速比が小さくなる方の振れ幅よりも小さい。これは、自転車にワンウェイクラッチが設けられているためである。
本変形例の動力伝達機構Tは、図19に示すように、チェーン82が、駆動スプロケット80、モータMのモータ出力ギヤ21a、及び後輪78の車軸に設けられた従動スプロケット81に巻掛けられ、モータMの動力が直接にチェーン82に伝達されるように構成されている。このような動力伝達機構Tであっても、上記した電動自転車10の管理方法により、動力伝達機構Tの異常判定を行うことができる。
店舗アプリ及びサーバーには、店舗と整合した取り付けチェック項目が予め登録されている。店舗アプリは、取り付け後に、登録されている取り付けチェック項目を店舗タブレット60に表示する。販売店Bの作業者は、店舗タブレット60に表示されたチェック項目にしたがって確認作業を進める。
例えば、チェック項目として、以下の10項目が表示される。
「1.アシストユニットにゆるみ、損傷がないか?」、
「2.アシスト機能は正常に作動するか、異音がないか?」、
「3.アシストユニットからのグリス漏れがないか?」、
「4.電気配線の接続部にゆるみ、損傷がないか?」、
「5.コードの断線がないか、フレームへの取り付け状態は適切か?」、
「6.バッテリロックキーは作動するか?」、
「7.バッテリの取り付け状態は確実か?」、
「8.表示ランプが点灯するか、異常を表示していないか?」、
「9.バッテリの消耗が早くなっていないか?」、
「10.最大ギヤ段に入っているか?」が例示され得る。
なお、チェック項目はこれに限られるものではない。
店舗アプリは、取り付けチェックが完了すると、制御回路とBT接続(Bluetooth通信)し、制御回路の電源をONにする。制御回路は、動力ユニット及びバッテリと通電してエラーの有無を自己診断し、診断結果を店舗アプリに送信する。店舗アプリは、エラーがある場合にエラー番号を表示し、エラーが無い場合に動作チェック方法を店舗タブレット60に表示する。販売店Bの作業者は、店舗タブレット60に表示されたチェック項目にしたがって確認作業を進める。販売店Bの作業者は、後輪を浮かせた状態でクランクペダルを手で空回したり、前述した台上試験でクランクペダルを回す。
例えば、チェック項目として、以下7項目が表示される。
「1.10km/h以上の車速」、
「2.1以上のバッテリ残量」、
「3.1以上のペダリングパワー」、
「4.1以上のモーターパワー」、
「5.1以上のペダリングケイデンス」、
「6.ギヤ段」、
「7.エラーコード発生」
なお、チェック項目はこれに限られるものではない。「1以上」とは少なくとも0よりも大きな値が出力されることを確認することを意図するものである。
車両の車体と、前記車両に搭載される動力源(動力ユニット20)と、を取り付けるステップ(取付ステップS101)と、
第1の時間に、前記動力源と前記車両の車輪との動力伝達機構(動力伝達機構T)の全体又は一部である伝達区間の変速比に関連する情報(複合変速比Rc、車速No′、進行距離L)である第1変速比関連情報(参照複合変速比Rc1)を取得するステップ(第1変速比関連情報取得ステップS103)と、
前記第1変速比関連情報を、前記車両に搭載される記憶部(制御回路40のメモリ)、又は、前記車両と通信可能に設けられる外部装置の記憶部(サーバーのメモリ、携帯端末8のメモリ)に記憶するステップ(第1変速比関連情報記憶ステップS105)と、
前記第1の時間(取付時)よりも後の第2の時間(取付後)に、前記伝達区間の変速比に関連する情報(複合変速比Rc、車速No′、進行距離L)である第2変速比関連情報(現複合変速比Rc2)を取得するステップ(第2変速比関連情報取得ステップS109)と、
前記記憶部に記憶される前記第1変速比関連情報と、前記第2変速比関連情報と、を比較するステップ(変速比関連情報比較ステップS111)と、を備える、車両の管理方法。
前記第1変速比関連情報と前記第2変速比関連情報とが異なるときに、(i)~(iii)の少なくとも一つを実行するステップ(異常判定ステップS113)をさらに備える、
(A) (i)前記動力伝達機構の異常を判定する。
(ii)前記動力伝達機構を利用した駆動を抑制する若しくは禁止するための情報を生成する。
(iii)前記車両の乗員、前記車体と前記動力源との取付者、前記車両の製造者、前記動力源の製造者、前記車両の管理者、前記動力源の管理者、前記車両の認可者、若しくは、前記車両の取り締まり者の少なくとも一つに報知するための情報を生成する
又は、
(B) 前記第1変速比関連情報と前記第2変速比関連情報とが異ならないときに、(iv)~(vi)の少なくとも一つを実行するステップをさらに備える、
(iv)前記動力伝達機構の正常を判定する。
(v)前記動力伝達機構を利用した駆動を許可するための情報を生成する。
(vi)前記車両の乗員、前記車体と前記動力源との取付者、前記車両の製造者、前記動力源の製造者、前記車両の管理者、前記動力源の管理者、前記車両の認可者、若しくは、前記車両の取り締まり者の少なくとも一つに通知するための情報を生成する、車両の管理方法。
前記第2変速比関連情報は、
前記伝達区間のうちの第1の部分(スリーブ26)の回転状態量(回転数Ni)と、
前記伝達区間のうちの前記第1の部分よりも前記車輪側の第2の部分(後輪78)の回転状態量(回転数No)と、に基づいて取得される、車両の管理方法。
前記第2の時間よりも後の第3の時間に、
前記車両の表示部、前記車両と通信可能に設けられる端末装置の表示部、若しくは前記外部装置と通信可能に設けられる端末装置の表示部に前記第2変速比関連情報を表示するための情報を生成する、又は、
前記車両の表示部、前記車両と通信可能に設けられる端末装置の表示部、若しくは前記外部装置と通信可能に設けられる端末装置の表示部に前記第2変速比関連情報が前記第1変速比関連情報と異なっていないこと若しくは異なっていることを示す情報を表示するための情報を生成するステップ(第2変速比関連情報表示ステップS121)、をさらに備える、車両の管理方法。
前記第2の時間よりも前の第4の時間に、
前記動力源を制御する制御部(制御回路40)に前記動力源に発生させる発生動力量(発生トルク)を設定するステップ(発生トルク設定ステップS107)をさらに備える、車両の管理方法。
前記第4の時間よりも後の第5の時間に、
前記車両の表示部、前記車両と通信可能に設けられる端末装置の表示部、若しくは前記外部装置と通信可能に設けられる端末装置の表示部に前記発生動力量を表示するための情報を生成する、又は、
前記車両の表示部、前記車両と通信可能に設けられる端末装置の表示部、若しくは前記外部装置と通信可能に設けられる端末装置の表示部に前記発生動力量(目標トルク)が前記第4の時間に設定した前記発生動力量(発生トルク)と異なっていないこと若しくは異なっていることを示す情報を表示するための情報を生成するステップ(目標トルク表示ステップS123)、をさらに備える、車両の管理方法。
前記発生動力量は、前記車両の速度毎又は速度領域毎に設定されるもので、
前記第4の時間よりも後の第6の時間に、
前記車両の現在の速度を取得するステップ(車速取得ステップS115)と、
前記制御部が、前記現在の速度と、設定された前記発生動力量(発生トルク)と、に基づいて前記動力源に指示する指示発生動力量(目標トルク)を決定するステップ(目標トルク設定ステップS117)と、をさらに備える、車両の管理方法。
前記発生動力量は、前記速度毎又は前記速度領域毎に設定される上限発生動力量(発生トルク)であって、
前記制御部が、前記現在の速度と、設定された前記上限発生動力量と、に基づいて前記指示発生動力量(目標トルク)を決定するステップ(目標トルク設定ステップS117)と、をさらに備える、車両の管理方法。
前記第2の時間よりも後の第7の時間に、
前記第2変速比関連情報に基づいて、前記車輪から出力される出力動力量(車輪出力)を推定するステップ(車輪出力推定ステップS135)をさらに備える、車両の管理方法。
前記第7の時間よりも後の第8の時間に、
推定された前記出力動力量を前記記憶部に記憶するステップ(車輪出力記憶ステップS137)をさらに備える、車両の管理方法。
前記第8の時間よりも後の第9の時間に、
前記車両の表示部、前記車両と通信可能に設けられる端末装置の表示部、若しくは前記外部装置と通信可能に設けられる端末装置の表示部に前記出力動力量を表示するための情報を生成する、又は、
前記車両の表示部、前記車両と通信可能に設けられる端末装置の表示部、若しくは前記外部装置と通信可能に設けられる端末装置の表示部に、前記出力動力量が、前記第7の時間よりも前の第10の時間に設定した上限発生出力動力量を超えていないこと若しくは超えていることを示す情報を表示するための情報を生成するステップ(車輪出力表示ステップS139)をさらに備える、車両の管理方法。
前記動力伝達機構は、複数の変速段を切替可能な切替変速装置(切替変速装置30)を含む、車両の管理方法。
前記切替変速装置の変速段が、複数の前記変速段のうち、最大の変速比を有する変速段である最大変速段であるときに、
前記第1変速比関連情報、又は、前記第2変速比関連情報を取得する、車両の管理方法。
前記第2の時間よりも後の第11の時間に、
前記第2変速比関連情報に基づいて、前記変速段を推定するステップをさらに備える、車両の管理方法。
複数の前記変速段の数をn段としたとき、
前記第2変速比関連情報が取りうる値の範囲内に、n個の判定範囲が設定され、
前記第2変速比関連情報が、m番目の前記判定範囲に含まれる場合に、前記変速段をm段と推定する、車両の管理方法。
前記伝達区間上に、
前記切替変速装置側の順方向の回転動力が前記車輪側に入力されるときに係合状態となるとともに前記切替変速機側の逆方向の回転動力が前記車輪側に入力されるときに非係合状態となり、
前記車輪側の順方向の回転動力が前記切替変速装置側に入力されるときに非係合状態となるとともに前記車輪側の逆方向の回転動力が前記切替変速装置側に入力されるときに係合状態となる一方向動力伝達部(第2ワンウェイクラッチ32)を有し、
前記一方向動力伝達部が前記係合状態であるときに、前記変速段を推定する、車両の管理方法。
前記伝達区間上に、
前記切替変速装置側の順方向の回転動力が前記車輪側に入力されるときに係合状態となるとともに前記切替変速機側の逆方向の回転動力が前記車輪側に入力されるときに非係合状態となり、
前記車輪側の順方向の回転動力が前記切替変速装置側に入力されるときに非係合状態となるとともに前記車輪側の逆方向の回転動力が前記切替変速装置側に入力されるときに係合状態となる一方向動力伝達部(第2ワンウェイクラッチ32)を有し、
前記第2変速比関連情報は、
前記伝達区間のうちの前記一方向動力伝達部よりも前記動力源側の第1の部分の回転状態量(モータMの回転数)と、
前記伝達区間のうちの前記一方向動力伝達部よりも前記車輪側の第2の部分の回転状態量(後輪78の回転数)と、に基づいて取得され、
前記一方向動力伝達部が前記係合状態であるときに、前記第2変速比関連情報を取得する、車両の管理方法。
前記第1の時間よりも前又は後の第12の時間に、
前記車体と前記動力源とが取り付けられたときに想定される前記変速比に関連する情報である想定変速比関連情報を取得するステップと、
前記第12の時間よりも後、且つ、前記第1の時間よりも後の第13の時間に、
前記想定変速比関連情報と、前記第1変速比関連情報と、を比較するステップと、を備える、車両の管理方法。
取り付けられた前記車体の識別情報である車体識別情報と、取り付けられた前記動力源の識別情報である動力源識別情報と、を取得するステップと、
前記車体識別情報、前記動力源識別情報、又は、前記車体識別情報と前記動力源識別情報との組合せ情報を、前記記憶部に記憶するステップと、を備える、車両の管理方法。
前記車体と前記動力源との取付者の識別情報である取付者識別情報を取得するステップと、
前記取付者識別情報を前記記憶部に記憶するステップと、を備える、車両の管理方法。
前記車両の使用者、所有者又は管理者である使用者等の識別情報である使用者等識別情報を取得するステップと、
前記使用者等識別情報を前記記憶部に記憶するステップと、を備える、車両の管理方法。
前記車両又は前記車両と異なる外部装置(サーバー)と通信可能に設けられ、前記車体と前記動力源との取付者からの情報の入力を受ける情報入力部を有する取付者端末(店舗タブレット60)から、前記車体と前記動力源との取り付け作業に関する作業情報、又は、取り付け後の前記車体、前記動力源、若しくは前記車両の状態に関する状態情報、を取得するステップを備える、車両の管理方法。
前記取付者端末は、撮像部(カメラ)をさらに有し、
前記撮像部が撮像した取り付け後の前記車体、前記動力源、又は前記車両の撮像情報を取得するステップを備える、車両の管理方法。
前記作業情報、又は、前記状態情報に基づいて、前記車体と前記動力源との取り付けが適正に完了したことを判断するステップと、
前記第1変速比関連情報を取得することを許容する情報を生成する、又は、前記取付者に前記第1変速比関連情報を取得することを促す情報を生成するステップと、を備える、車両の管理方法。
前記動力源は、
乗員からの入力を受ける入力部(クランクペダル79)と、
前記入力部と並列に設けられる電動機(モータM)と、を含み、
前記入力部が入力を受けているときに、前記第1変速比関連情報、又は、前記第2変速比関連情報を取得する、車両の管理方法。
車両の車体と、前記車両に搭載される動力源と、を取り付けるステップと、
前記動力源と前記車両の車輪との動力伝達機構が有するn段の変速段を切替可能な切替変速装置を含む伝達区間の変速比に関連する情報である変速比関連情報を取得するステップと、
前記変速比関連情報に基づいて、前記変速段を推定するステップと、を備える、車両の管理方法。
前記変速比関連情報が取りうる値の範囲内に、n個の判定範囲が設定され、
前記変速比関連情報が、m番目の前記判定範囲に含まれる場合に、前記変速段をm段と推定する、車両の管理方法。
26 スリーブ(第1の部分)
30 切替変速装置
40 制御回路(制御部)
78 後輪(第2の部分)
S101 取付ステップ
S103 第1変速比関連情報取得ステップ
S105 第1変速比関連情報記憶ステップ
S107 発生トルク設定ステップ
S109 第2変速比関連情報取得ステップ
S111 変速比関連情報比較ステップ
S113 異常判定ステップ
S115 車速取得ステップ
S117 目標トルク設定ステップ
S123 目標トルク表示ステップ
S121 第2変速比関連情報表示ステップ
S135 車輪出力推定ステップ
S137 車輪出力記憶ステップ
S141 変速段推定ステップ
Rc 変速比(変速比に関連する情報)
No′ 車速(変速比に関連する情報)
L 進行距離(変速比に関連する情報)
Rc1 参照複合変速比(第1変速比関連情報)
Rc2 現複合変速比(第2変速比関連情報)
M モータ(電動機)
T 動力伝達機構
Claims (27)
- 車両の管理方法であって、
車両の車体と、前記車両に搭載される動力源と、を取り付けるステップと、
第1の時間に、前記動力源と前記車両の車輪との動力伝達機構の全体又は一部である伝達区間の変速比に関連する情報である第1変速比関連情報を取得するステップと、
前記第1変速比関連情報を、前記車両に搭載される記憶部、又は、前記車両と通信可能に設けられる外部装置の記憶部に記憶するステップと、
前記第1の時間よりも後の第2の時間に、前記伝達区間の変速比に関連する情報である第2変速比関連情報を取得するステップと、
前記記憶部に記憶される前記第1変速比関連情報と、前記第2変速比関連情報と、を比較するステップと、を備える、車両の管理方法。 - 請求項1に記載の車両の管理方法であって、
(A) 前記第1変速比関連情報と前記第2変速比関連情報とが異なるときに、(i)~(iii)の少なくとも一つを実行するステップをさらに備える、
(i)前記動力伝達機構の異常を判定する。
(ii)前記動力伝達機構を利用した駆動を抑制する若しくは禁止するための情報を生成する。
(iii)前記車両の乗員、前記車体と前記動力源との取付者、前記車両の製造者、前記動力源の製造者、前記車両の管理者、前記動力源の管理者、前記車両の認可者、若しくは、前記車両の取り締まり者の少なくとも一つに報知するための情報を生成する、
又は、
(B) 前記第1変速比関連情報と前記第2変速比関連情報とが異ならないときに、(iv)~(vi)の少なくとも一つを実行するステップをさらに備える、
(iv)前記動力伝達機構の正常を判定する。
(v)前記動力伝達機構を利用した駆動を許可するための情報を生成する。
(vi)前記車両の乗員、前記車体と前記動力源との取付者、前記車両の製造者、前記動力源の製造者、前記車両の管理者、前記動力源の管理者、前記車両の認可者、若しくは、前記車両の取り締まり者の少なくとも一つに通知するための情報を生成する、車両の管理方法。 - 請求項1又は2に記載の車両の管理方法であって、
前記第2変速比関連情報は、
前記伝達区間のうちの第1の部分の回転状態量と、
前記伝達区間のうちの前記第1の部分よりも前記車輪側の第2の部分の回転状態量と、に基づいて取得される、車両の管理方法。 - 請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の車両の管理方法であって、
前記第2の時間よりも後の第3の時間に、
前記車両の表示部、前記車両と通信可能に設けられる端末装置の表示部、若しくは前記外部装置と通信可能に設けられる端末装置の表示部に前記第2変速比関連情報を表示するための情報を生成する、又は、
前記車両の表示部、前記車両と通信可能に設けられる端末装置の表示部、若しくは前記外部装置と通信可能に設けられる端末装置の表示部に前記第2変速比関連情報が前記第1変速比関連情報と異なっていないこと若しくは異なっていることを示す情報を表示するための情報を生成するステップ、をさらに備える、車両の管理方法。 - 請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の車両の管理方法であって、
前記第2の時間よりも前の第4の時間に、
前記動力源を制御する制御部に前記動力源に発生させる発生動力量を設定するステップをさらに備える、車両の管理方法。 - 請求項5に記載の車両の管理方法であって、
前記第4の時間よりも後の第5の時間に、
前記車両の表示部、前記車両と通信可能に設けられる端末装置の表示部、若しくは前記外部装置と通信可能に設けられる端末装置の表示部に前記発生動力量を表示するための情報を生成する、又は、
前記車両の表示部、前記車両と通信可能に設けられる端末装置の表示部、若しくは前記外部装置と通信可能に設けられる端末装置の表示部に前記発生動力量が前記第4の時間に設定した前記発生動力量と異なっていないこと若しくは異なっていることを示す情報を表示するための情報を生成するステップ、をさらに備える、車両の管理方法。 - 請求項5又は6に記載の車両の管理方法であって、
前記発生動力量は、前記車両の速度毎又は速度領域毎に設定されるもので、
前記第4の時間よりも後の第6の時間に、
前記車両の現在の速度を取得するステップと、
前記制御部が、前記現在の速度と、設定された前記発生動力量と、に基づいて
前記動力源に指示する指示発生動力量を決定するステップと、をさらに備える、車両の管理方法。 - 請求項7に記載の車両の管理方法であって、
前記発生動力量は、前記速度毎又は前記速度領域毎に設定される上限発生動力量であって、
前記制御部が、前記現在の速度と、設定された前記上限発生動力量と、に基づいて前記指示発生動力量を決定するステップと、をさらに備える、車両の管理方法。 - 請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の車両の管理方法であって、
前記第2の時間よりも後の第7の時間に、
前記第2変速比関連情報に基づいて、前記車輪から出力される出力動力量を推定するステップをさらに備える、車両の管理方法。 - 請求項9に記載の車両の管理方法であって、
前記第7の時間よりも後の第8の時間に、
推定された前記出力動力量を前記記憶部に記憶するステップをさらに備える、車両の管理方法。 - 請求項10に記載の車両の管理方法であって、
前記第8の時間よりも後の第9の時間に、
前記車両の表示部、前記車両と通信可能に設けられる端末装置の表示部、若しくは前記外部装置と通信可能に設けられる端末装置の表示部に前記出力動力量を表示するための情報を生成する、又は、
前記車両の表示部、前記車両と通信可能に設けられる端末装置の表示部、若しくは前記外部装置と通信可能に設けられる端末装置の表示部に、前記出力動力量が、前記第7の時間よりも前の第10の時間に設定した上限発生出力動力量を超えていないこと若しくは超えていることを示す情報を表示するための情報を生成するステップをさらに備える、車両の管理方法。 - 請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の車両の管理方法であって、
前記動力伝達機構は、複数の変速段を切替可能な切替変速装置を含む、車両の管理方法。
車両の管理方法。 - 請求項12に記載の車両の管理方法であって、
前記切替変速装置の変速段が、複数の前記変速段のうち、最大の変速比を有する変速段である最大変速段であるときに、
前記第1変速比関連情報、又は、前記第2変速比関連情報を取得する、車両の管理方法。 - 請求項12又は13に記載の車両の管理方法であって、
前記第2の時間よりも後の第11の時間に、
前記第2変速比関連情報に基づいて、前記変速段を推定するステップをさらに備える、車両の管理方法。 - 請求項14に記載の車両の管理方法であって、
複数の前記変速段の数をn段としたとき、
前記第2変速比関連情報が取りうる値の範囲内に、n個の判定範囲が設定され、
前記第2変速比関連情報が、m番目の前記判定範囲に含まれる場合に、前記変速段をm段と推定する、車両の管理方法。 - 請求項14又は15に記載の車両の管理方法であって、
前記伝達区間上に、
前記切替変速装置側の順方向の回転動力が前記車輪側に入力されるときに係合状態となるとともに前記切替変速機側の逆方向の回転動力が前記車輪側に入力されるときに非係合状態となり、
前記車輪側の順方向の回転動力が前記切替変速装置側に入力されるときに非係合状態となるとともに前記車輪側の逆方向の回転動力が前記切替変速装置側に入力されるときに係合状態となる一方向動力伝達部を有し、
前記一方向動力伝達部が前記係合状態であるときに、前記変速段を推定する、車両の管理方法。 - 請求項1~16のいずれか一項に記載の車両の管理方法であって、
前記伝達区間上に、
前記切替変速装置側の順方向の回転動力が前記車輪側に入力されるときに係合状態となるとともに前記切替変速機側の逆方向の回転動力が前記車輪側に入力されるときに非係合状態となり、
前記車輪側の順方向の回転動力が前記切替変速装置側に入力されるときに非係合状態となるとともに前記車輪側の逆方向の回転動力が前記切替変速装置側に入力されるときに係合状態となる一方向動力伝達部を有し、
前記第2変速比関連情報は、
前記伝達区間のうちの前記一方向動力伝達部よりも前記動力源側の第1の部分の回転状態量と、
前記伝達区間のうちの前記一方向動力伝達部よりも前記車輪側の第2の部分の回転状態量と、に基づいて取得され、
前記一方向動力伝達部が前記係合状態であるときに、前記第2変速比関連情報を取得する、車両の管理方法。 - 請求項1~17のいずれか一項に記載の車両の管理方法であって、
前記第1の時間よりも前又は後の第12の時間に、
前記車体と前記動力源とが取り付けられたときに想定される前記変速比に関連する情報である想定変速比関連情報を取得するステップと、
前記第12の時間よりも後、且つ、前記第1の時間よりも後の第13の時間に、
前記想定変速比関連情報と、前記第1変速比関連情報と、を比較するステップと、を備える、車両の管理方法。 - 請求項1~18のいずれか一項に記載の車両の管理方法であって、
取り付けられた前記車体の識別情報である車体識別情報と、取り付けられた前記動力源の識別情報である動力源識別情報と、を取得するステップと、
前記車体識別情報、前記動力源識別情報、又は、前記車体識別情報と前記動力源識別情報との組合せ情報を、前記記憶部に記憶するステップと、を備える、車両の管理方法。 - 請求項1~19のいずれか一項に記載の車両の管理方法であって、
前記車体と前記動力源との取付者の識別情報である取付者識別情報を取得するステップと、
前記取付者識別情報を前記記憶部に記憶するステップと、を備える、車両の管理方法。 - 請求項1~20のいずれか一項に記載の車両の管理方法であって、
前記車両の使用者、所有者又は管理者である使用者等の識別情報である使用者等識別情報を取得するステップと、
前記使用者等識別情報を前記記憶部に記憶するステップと、を備える、車両の管理方法。 - 請求項1~21のいずれか一項に記載の車両の管理方法であって、
前記車両又は前記車両と異なる外部装置と通信可能に設けられ、前記車体と前記動力源との取付者からの情報の入力を受ける情報入力部を有する取付者端末から、前記車体と前記動力源との取り付け作業に関する作業情報、又は、取り付け後の前記車体、前記動力源、若しくは前記車両の状態に関する状態情報、を取得するステップを備える、車両の管理方法。 - 請求項22に記載の車両の管理方法であって、
前記取付者端末は、撮像部をさらに有し、
前記撮像部が撮像した取り付け後の前記車体、前記動力源、又は前記車両の撮像情報を取得するステップを備える、車両の管理方法。 - 請求項22又は23に記載の車両の管理方法であって、
前記作業情報、又は、前記状態情報に基づいて、前記車体と前記動力源との取り付けが適正に完了したことを判断するステップと、
前記第1変速比関連情報を取得することを許容する情報を生成する、又は、前記取付者に前記第1変速比関連情報を取得することを促す情報を生成するステップと、を備える、車両の管理方法。 - 請求項1~21のいずれか一項に記載の車両の管理方法であって、
前記動力源は、
乗員からの入力を受ける入力部と、
前記入力部と並列に設けられる電動機と、を含み、
前記入力部が入力を受けているときに、前記第1変速比関連情報、又は、前記第2変速比関連情報を取得する、車両の管理方法。 - 車両の管理方法であって、
車両の車体と、前記車両に搭載される動力源と、を取り付けるステップと、
前記動力源と前記車両の車輪との動力伝達機構が有するn段の変速段を切替可能な切替変速装置を含む伝達区間の変速比に関連する情報である変速比関連情報を取得するステップと、
前記変速比関連情報に基づいて、前記変速段を推定するステップと、を備える、車両の管理方法。 - 請求項26に記載の車両の管理方法であって、
前記変速比関連情報が取りうる値の範囲内に、n個の判定範囲が設定され、
前記変速比関連情報が、m番目の前記判定範囲に含まれる場合に、前記変速段をm段と推定する、車両の管理方法。
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JP2021038636A (ja) | 2019-08-30 | 2021-03-11 | Toto株式会社 | 便座装置及び排泄物検知装置 |
WO2021049646A1 (ja) * | 2019-09-11 | 2021-03-18 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 車両、及び動力伝達機構の異常監視方法 |
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2022
- 2022-03-10 WO PCT/JP2022/010603 patent/WO2022191285A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2022-03-10 EP EP22767239.1A patent/EP4306399A1/en active Pending
- 2022-03-10 JP JP2023505633A patent/JPWO2022191285A1/ja active Pending
- 2022-03-10 CN CN202280020362.XA patent/CN117083221A/zh active Pending
- 2022-03-10 US US18/281,184 patent/US20240149974A1/en active Pending
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JP2013043528A (ja) * | 2011-08-23 | 2013-03-04 | Yamaha Motor Co Ltd | 電動補助自転車 |
WO2015111395A1 (ja) * | 2014-01-21 | 2015-07-30 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 電動二輪車用の情報処理システム、電動二輪車、電装ユニット及び電動二輪車用の鍵 |
JP2021038636A (ja) | 2019-08-30 | 2021-03-11 | Toto株式会社 | 便座装置及び排泄物検知装置 |
WO2021049646A1 (ja) * | 2019-09-11 | 2021-03-18 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 車両、及び動力伝達機構の異常監視方法 |
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CN117083221A (zh) | 2023-11-17 |
JPWO2022191285A1 (ja) | 2022-09-15 |
EP4306399A1 (en) | 2024-01-17 |
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