WO2022190720A1 - 単相誘導モータの制御方法、制御装置及び電気チェーンブロック - Google Patents
単相誘導モータの制御方法、制御装置及び電気チェーンブロック Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022190720A1 WO2022190720A1 PCT/JP2022/004072 JP2022004072W WO2022190720A1 WO 2022190720 A1 WO2022190720 A1 WO 2022190720A1 JP 2022004072 W JP2022004072 W JP 2022004072W WO 2022190720 A1 WO2022190720 A1 WO 2022190720A1
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- induction motor
- overload
- phase induction
- auxiliary coil
- energization time
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- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 12
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
- H02P25/02—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
- H02P25/04—Single phase motors, e.g. capacitor motors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
- H02P29/02—Providing protection against overload without automatic interruption of supply
- H02P29/024—Detecting a fault condition, e.g. short circuit, locked rotor, open circuit or loss of load
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a control method, a control device, and an electric chain hoist for a single-phase induction motor, which are widely used in drive units of devices that move loads of different weights, such as electric chain hoists.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic circuit configuration of a single-phase induction motor handled by the present invention.
- the single-phase induction motor section 120 includes a main coil ML having a U terminal and a V terminal at both ends and an auxiliary coil AL having an X terminal and a Y terminal at both ends within the stator S.
- an alternating current is applied to the main coil ML from the single-phase AC power supply 200 via the SSR (solid state relay) power circuit 121, and at the same time, the auxiliary coil AL is also supplied via the SSR power circuit 121 and the capacitor C. Apply alternating current.
- a rotating magnetic field is generated in the stator S, and a rotor (not shown) rotatably supported so as to face the main coil ML and the auxiliary coil AL starts rotating. Motor starts.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the state of torque change from the start of the single-phase induction motor.
- Curve A shows the torque change of the motor when the rotor is rotated with the main coil ML and the auxiliary coil AL energized.
- Curve B is a curve showing changes in torque when energization to the main coil ML is ON and energization to the auxiliary coil AL is OFF.
- Capacitor run The operation of the single-phase induction motor in which both the main coil ML and the auxiliary coil AL are energized is referred to as "capacitor run" (see FIG. 3), and the main coil ML is energized and the auxiliary coil AL is operated.
- This single-phase induction motor is classified as a capacitor start type, and is not classified as a capacitor run type in which the auxiliary coil AL is always energized to operate.
- the start of a single-phase induction motor begins with a capacitor run from a state of rotation speed 0 (point I on curve A in Fig. 2). After that, the torque of the single-phase induction motor rises (increases) according to the rotational speed until it reaches a peak, and then rapidly drops (decreases) from the peak.
- the auxiliary coil AL turning off the opening/closing contact 121e of the current-carrying path 121b
- the rotational speed further increases, and steady operation is achieved in a state where the load torque C is balanced (point III).
- the switching from the capacitor run of curve A to the pure single-phase run of curve B is determined by the SSR power circuit 121 based on the current value flowing to the main coil ML, and switching is performed. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the output torque of the single-phase induction motor is determined by the rotational speed, and is also correlated with the output torque of the single-phase induction motor and the current value. Therefore, in a conventional overload limiter OLL (hereinafter simply referred to as "OLL”), the output torque of the single-phase induction motor is determined based on the current value flowing through the main coil ML to determine overload.
- OLL overload limiter
- the single-phase induction motor is overloaded, based on the current value. For example, this corresponds to the case where a load hoisting device such as an electric chain hoist hoists a load with a rated load at the operating guaranteed minimum voltage, in a high temperature state, or in a low temperature state.
- a load hoisting device such as an electric chain hoist hoists a load with a rated load at the operating guaranteed minimum voltage, in a high temperature state, or in a low temperature state.
- the output torque of the single-phase induction motor itself decreases.
- the load torque applied to the motor increases due to an increase in mechanical loss, and it is difficult to distinguish from an overload of the load (overload).
- Figure 5 shows the acceleration of a single-phase induction motor under such severe conditions.
- the operation is started (point I) with the capacitor run of curve A as in the normal operation, after which the rotation speed increases smoothly, and the current value of the main coil ML becomes less than the predetermined switching threshold (Fig. 5). II) and switch to curve B purely monophasic run. So far, similar to a normal capacitor start, under these severe conditions, when switching to a pure single-phase run, the load torque C may be approximately equal to or greater than the output torque of the single-phase induction motor.
- the single-phase induction motor may decelerate, and when the current value of the main coil ML reaches the threshold for switching to capacitor run, it switches again to curve A capacitor run (point III) and accelerates in curve A capacitor run. Then, at point II, it switches to the pure single-phase run of curve B, decelerates again, and switches to the condenser run of curve A.
- the output torque of a single-phase induction motor is correlated with the rotational speed.
- the conventional OLL which is determined based on the current value of the single-phase induction motor, cannot make an appropriate determination, and there is a problem that the range of use of the single-phase induction motor as a product is limited.
- the simplest solution to deal with this problem is to use a single-phase induction motor with enough power headroom under all circumstances, but then only to prepare for the worst case scenario. A problem arises that the phase induction motor must be oversized.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a technique related to an overload control device for electric motors.
- the technology disclosed here is similar to the invention of the present application in that it is an overload control device for a single-phase induction motor of a capacitor starting (starting) type, but differs from the invention of the present application in the following points. .
- Patent Document 1 is an overload control device for a capacitor-starting single-phase induction motor as described above, and the overload judgment criterion is whether or not the overload current continues to flow beyond a predetermined time. and
- the overload control device for a single-phase induction motor described in Patent Document 1 has a problem that it cannot be used under the severe conditions targeted by the present invention. Even if the operation is frequently switched from the pure single-phase run to the condenser run in a short period of time, it may be determined as noise and not as an overload.
- Patent Document 1 excludes noise, temporary overload, etc. from the determination, and is capable of making a determination without problems. It is intended to enable overload determination even under conditions that cannot be determined by the overload determination method of (1), and to expand the range of possible overload determination.
- the present invention provides a single-phase induction motor control method, a control device, and an electric motor that can appropriately determine an overload of the single-phase induction motor whether the single-phase induction motor is a capacitor run or a pure single-phase run.
- the purpose is to provide a chain block.
- the present invention comprises a main coil, an auxiliary coil, a capacitor, and a drive circuit, wherein the main coil is supplied with a current from a single-phase AC power supply through the drive circuit, and the auxiliary coil is supplied with a 1 or 2 according to any one of (1) to (4) below, in a method for controlling a single-phase induction motor that supplies current from the single-phase AC power supply via the capacitor when the load current of the main coil is large.
- a control method for a single-phase induction motor is characterized by employing the overload determination method described above. (1) An overload determination threshold is provided for the power supplied to the main coil, and an overload is determined when the power supplied to the main coil exceeds the overload determination threshold set for the power. do.
- An overload determination threshold is provided for the ratio of the energization time of the auxiliary coil to the operation time of the single-phase induction motor, and the ratio of the energization time of the auxiliary coil is set to the ratio of the energization time.
- the overload determination threshold value provided for the load is exceeded, it is determined that the load is overloaded.
- An overload judgment threshold value is set for the ratio of the energization time during which the auxiliary coil is energized within a predetermined time, and the ratio of the energization time during which the auxiliary coil is energized within the predetermined time is set to the ratio of the energization time. It is determined that the overload is exceeded when the overload determination threshold value provided in the above is exceeded.
- An overload judgment threshold value is provided in the integrated value of the energization time during which the auxiliary coil is energized within a predetermined time, and the integrated value of the energization time during which the auxiliary coil is energized within the predetermined time is the integrated value of the energization time.
- the overload determination threshold value set for the value is exceeded, it is determined that the load is overloaded.
- the overload determination methods described in (1) to (4) above may use only one of these overload determination methods, or any one or more of these methods may be used. may be used. When a plurality of overload determination methods are used, the final determination of overload may be made under the condition that any one of them is determined to be overloaded.
- the final determination may be made on the condition that the load determination method determines that the load is overloaded.
- the present invention in a control method for a capacitor-starting single-phase induction motor, it is possible to accurately determine whether or not the single-phase induction motor is overloaded even in a region where the main coil current is unstable. Further, in the present invention, an overload determination method (1) in which an overload determination threshold value is set for the power supplied to the main coil, and an overload determination method in which an overload determination threshold value is set for the energization time of the other auxiliary coils.
- the present invention comprises a main coil, an auxiliary coil, a capacitor, and a drive circuit, wherein the main coil is energized from a single-phase AC power supply through the drive circuit, and the auxiliary coil is supplied with the single-phase AC power supply.
- a control device for a single-phase induction motor configured to supply a current from a single-phase induction motor through the drive circuit and through the capacitor. It is characterized by comprising an overload determination means for performing overload determination by. Only one of the overload determination means of the methods described in (1) to (4) above may be used, or a plurality of any of these overload determination means may be used.
- the present invention also provides an electric chain hoist comprising a load sheave to which a load chain engages, and a single-phase induction motor for rotating the load sheave, comprising a control device for the single-phase induction motor. Characterized by electric chain hoist. According to this electric chain hoist, it is possible to properly determine whether or not the suspended load is overloaded even in a region where it is impossible to determine the overload in the past, and to safely stop the lifting of the overloaded load. can.
- overload determination can be made even under conditions that cannot be determined by conventional overload determination methods, and the range of possible overload determinations can be expanded. This makes it possible to properly determine the overload of the single-phase induction motor.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a schematic circuit configuration of a single-phase induction motor according to the present invention
- FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state of torque change from starting of a single-phase induction motor
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a schematic circuit configuration during a capacitor run of a single-phase induction motor
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a schematic circuit configuration of a single-phase induction motor during a pure single-phase run
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state of torque change from starting of a single-phase induction motor
- 6A and 6B are diagrams for explaining overload determination of a single-phase induction motor according to the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining overload determination of a single-phase induction motor according to the present invention. It is the figure which extracted and expanded a part of FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a processing flow of overload determination of a single-phase induction motor according to the present invention; 1 is a schematic system configuration diagram of an electric chain hoist using the present invention; FIG. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an electrical connection configuration of the electric chain hoist according to the present invention;
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic circuit configuration of a single-phase induction motor for carrying out overload determination according to the present invention.
- the single-phase induction motor includes a main coil ML having a U terminal and a V terminal at both ends and an auxiliary coil AL having an X terminal and a Y terminal at both ends. and a capacitor C.
- An SSR (solid state relay) power circuit 121 has three energization paths 121a, 121b, 121c, and electrical switching contact portions 121d, 121e, 121f at intermediate portions of the respective energization paths 121a, 121b, 121c, By turning on and off the opening/closing contact portions 121d, 121e, and 121f, the input side (single-phase AC power supply 200 side) and the output side (single-phase induction motor section 120 side) are electrically connected to the power paths 121a, 121b, and 121c, respectively. It is designed to be connected and separated systematically.
- the contact portions 121d, 121e, and 121f are illustrated as being mechanically turned on and off, but in reality, they are composed of non-contact elements (for example, triacs). .
- the motor forward/reverse circuit, current sensor, and voltage sensor will be described in detail later.
- the input side of the energization path 121a of the SSR power circuit 121 and the input side end of the energization path 121b are electrically connected, and the output side end of the energization path 121a is the U terminal of the main coil ML of the single-phase induction motor section 120. , and the output side end of the input/output terminal 121 b is connected to the X terminal of the auxiliary coil AL of the single-phase induction motor section 120 . Also, the output side end of the energizing path 121c is connected to the V terminal of the main coil ML.
- One end of the capacitor C is electrically connected to the input side of the current path 121 c of the SSR power circuit 121 , and the other end is connected to the Y terminal of the auxiliary coil AL of the single-phase induction motor section 120 .
- the switching contact portions 121d, 121e, and 121f of the current paths 121a, 121b, and 121c of the SSR power circuit 121 are all OFF, and the single-phase induction motor portion 120 is in a stopped state.
- FIG. 3 shows a state in which the single-phase induction motor is started, and the switching contact portions 121d, 121e, and 121f of all the energization paths 121a to 121c of the SSR power circuit 121 are ON, and the single-phase induction motor portion 120 is supplied with single-phase power.
- the capacitor C Since the capacitor C is connected in series with the auxiliary coil AL, the phase difference between the current flowing through the main coil ML and the current flowing through the auxiliary coil AL generates a rotating magnetic field in the stator S from the rotational speed of 0.
- Rotors (not shown), which are rotatably supported on opposite sides in S, rotate and the single-phase induction motor section 120 starts.
- Such operation of the single-phase induction motor by energizing the auxiliary coil AL having the capacitor C in series with the main coil ML is referred to as a capacitor run as described above.
- FIG. 4 shows that after the single-phase induction motor is started, it is detected that the current of the main coil ML has decreased to a predetermined value, the energization of the auxiliary coil AL is stopped, and the single-phase induction motor is operated only by energizing the main coil ML. indicates that you are driving That is, when the rotation speed of the motor increases and the current value of the main coil ML becomes equal to or less than the switching threshold value after a predetermined time has passed since the single-phase induction motor unit 120 started, the open/close contact unit 121e of the current path 121b is turned off. , the single-phase induction motor operating in pure single-phase run as defined above.
- the single-phase induction motor is started in the capacitor run mode, and after a predetermined time has passed, the single-phase induction motor is switched to the pure single-phase run mode.
- the pure single-phase run mode In rated load operation under the conditions of , an output close to the maximum possible torque output of a pure single-phase run under the same conditions is required.
- the current value of the main coil ML that is switched from the pure single-phase run to the capacitor run is set so as not to stall in the pure single-phase run.
- the SSR power circuit 121 turns on the switching contact 121e of the current path 121b, switches to the operation of the capacitor run, and when the rotation speed of the motor increases and the current of the main coil ML becomes equal to or less than the switching threshold, the switching contact 121e is turned off. Then, when the current of the main coil ML exceeds the switching threshold value again, the open/close contact 121e is turned ON to perform a capacitor run.
- the single-phase induction motor is operated while frequently switching between the capacitor run and pure single-phase run. If a single-phase induction motor is operated while frequently switching between capacitor run and pure single-phase run, the operation can be continued, but the current value or power value will not be stable. Can not. In other words, there is a problem that the range in which OLL can be used is limited.
- the output torque assumed by the curve B of the pure single-phase run may be exceeded, the current value of the main coil ML increases above the switching threshold, and the curve B of the pure single-phase run switches to the curve A of the capacitor run at point III.
- the rotation speed, current value, or power value is not stable, and overload determination cannot be made based only on the magnitude of the current value or power value, but operation at the rated load is possible.
- there is a correlation between the operating time ratio of the curve A for the condenser run and the curve B for the pure single-phase run and the magnitude of the load and this correlation can be used to determine overload. By doing so, it has become possible to perform overload determination even in a range of use in which overload determination cannot be performed with the conventional OLL.
- a threshold value is set for the power value of the main coil ML of the single-phase induction motor unit 120, and a threshold value is set for the energization time per unit time of the auxiliary coil AL. or when the energization time per unit time of the auxiliary coil AL exceeds the threshold value, the single-phase induction motor is determined to be overloaded and controlled to stop the single-phase induction motor. did.
- FIGS. 6A and 6B are diagrams for explaining thresholds for determining overload of the single-phase induction motor section 120.
- FIG. 6A the horizontal axis indicates the voltage (V) supplied to the single-phase induction motor unit 120, and the vertical axis indicates the ratio (%) of the auxiliary coil energization time.
- V voltage
- the vertical axis indicates the ratio (%) of the auxiliary coil energization time.
- One example is the one adopted for an electric chain hoist compatible with a single-phase AC power supply. 1 W (250 kg) indicates that the rated load is 250 kg.
- the energization time ratio (%) of the auxiliary coil AL indicates the ratio of the energization time of the auxiliary coil AL to the energization time of the single-phase induction motor section 120 .
- the auxiliary coil energization time ratio (%) (energization time for the auxiliary coil AL)/(energization time for the main coil ML) ) ⁇ 100.
- FIG. 6A shows that when the voltage supplied to the single-phase induction motor section 120 is 110 V or more, the operation can be performed even if a load with a rated load of 250 kg is lifted without energizing the auxiliary coil AL.
- the energization time ratio (%) of the auxiliary coil AL is required to be 7.5%.
- the OLL threshold indicates that the voltage supplied to the single-phase induction motor section 120 is 27% at 100V and 15% at 107V or higher.
- the main coil power value in FIG. 6B shows the voltage (V) supplied to the single-phase induction motor unit 120 on the horizontal axis and the power (W) of the main coil ML on the vertical axis. is shown as an example of an electric chain hoist corresponding to The main coil power (W) indicates the power consumed by the main coil ML. It is calculated by a microcomputer (not shown) from detected values of a current sensor (not shown) and a voltage sensor (not shown).
- FIG. 6B shows that when the voltage supplied to the single-phase induction motor section 120 is between 110V and 120V, it consumes approximately 350W of power, and when it is 100V, it consumes 410W, and when it is 130V, it consumes 380W of power.
- the OLL threshold is set to 520 W at a voltage of 100 V, 470 W at 110 V, and 440 W at 130 V. It is difficult to accurately determine OLL in the range where the supply voltage exceeds 110 V only with the auxiliary coil energization time ratio, but by setting the overload determination threshold value based on the main coil power for each supply voltage, it is possible to accurately determine OLL even in this range. It is possible to
- the overload determination threshold value based on the main coil current may be determined for each supply voltage, and the OLL determination may be performed. In this case, it is better to measure more voltages because the current value varies more with voltage than the power value.
- the load power is measured every 5V to 10V to determine the threshold, but the load current may be measured every 2V to 5V to determine the threshold.
- the power consumption is averaged in consideration of this pulsating cycle for OLL determination. It is preferable to use
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram for explaining a method of OLL determination based on the ratio of the energization time of the auxiliary coil AL.
- 7(a) shows the current waveform detected by the current sensor of the main coil ML
- FIG. 7(b) shows the transition of the alternating current effective value (RMS)
- FIG. 7(c) shows the current of the auxiliary coil AL. Waveforms detected by current sensors are shown.
- FIG. 7D is a chart showing a method of integrating the energization time within a predetermined time and a method of determining OLL from the integrated value as one method of OLL determination from the ratio of the energization time of the auxiliary coil AL.
- the axis represents the elapsed time, and the vertical axis represents the energization time within a predetermined time.
- the energization time ratio (rate) is a ratio (rate) calculated by dividing the time during which the auxiliary coil AL is energized by the time during which the main coil ML is energized. Control can be simplified by replacing the ratio of the energization time with the energization time within a predetermined time.
- the method is shown in FIG.
- the single-phase induction motor energizes the main coil ML during operation.
- the auxiliary coil AL is ON/OFF controlled.
- FIG. 8 extracts and enlarges (c) and (d) of FIG. 7, and is a diagram to which an explanation of the OLL determination method is added.
- FIG. 8(a) corresponds to FIG. 7(c)
- FIG. 8(b) corresponds to FIG. 7(d).
- t 1 , t 3 , and t 5 in FIG. 8(a) indicate the start times of energization to the auxiliary coil AL
- t 2 , t 4 , and t 6 indicate the stop times of energization.
- the chart in FIG. 7 is simplified to have one ON/OFF threshold value for the auxiliary coil AL, it is preferable to set a switching threshold value from OFF to ON and a switching threshold value from ON to OFF. Considering that the current value of the main coil ML fluctuates greatly immediately after switching, it is preferable to disable switching based on the current value for a short time immediately after switching.
- the ratio of the energization time of the auxiliary coil AL is converted into an integrated value of the energization time of the auxiliary coil AL within a predetermined time, and the overload (OLL) is determined.
- the time to be integrated is set to 0.3 seconds, and when the integrated value of the energization time within this time is 0.165 seconds or more, which is 55% or more, the overload (OLL) is determined.
- the energization of the auxiliary coil AL is started at time t1, and the energization of the auxiliary coil AL ends at time t2 after 0.09 seconds have passed.
- the presence or absence of energization is detected at predetermined detection intervals (e.g., 0.02 seconds for 50 Hz, one cycle of the AC power frequency), and the energization integrated value increases in units of this predetermined detection interval (0.02 seconds). do.
- the auxiliary coil AL is energized from time t3 , but before time t2, at time t4, most of it is outside the integration time, so the integrated value is 1 unit (0.02 seconds ), and from time t4 to time t5 , the integrated value decreases by one unit from that at time t4, energization of the auxiliary coil AL continues from time t5 to time t6 , and time t3. is within the integration time to be integrated at time t6 , the integrated value also increases. Then, the energization to the main coil ML and the auxiliary coil AL is stopped.
- the method of judging overload by the energization time rate is as follows.
- (Energization time rate) (Auxiliary coil AL energization time ⁇ constant) ⁇ (Main coil ML energization time) is calculated and compared with the OLL threshold for determination.
- the constant is a time determined in consideration of the time during which the forcible auxiliary coil AL is energized at the time of starting, and is preferably settable as a parameter as appropriate. This effect makes it possible to reduce the influence of external noise and the like.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the flow of processing for determining overload of a single-phase induction motor.
- step ST1 the single-phase induction motor is started in the capacitor run shown in FIG.
- step ST2 it is determined whether or not the power value of the main coil ML exceeds the threshold in step ST2. If YES, the process proceeds to step ST3 to stop the single-phase induction motor. If the electric power value of the main coil ML does not exceed the threshold value in step ST2, the process proceeds to step ST4 to determine whether or not the integrated value of the energization time of the auxiliary coil AL within a predetermined time exceeds the overload determination threshold value. is determined, and if NO, the process proceeds to step ST2, and the above processing is repeated.
- step ST4 if the integrated value of the energization time of the auxiliary coil AL exceeds the overload determination threshold value (YES), the process proceeds to step ST3 to stop the single-phase induction motor.
- This processing is executed by a microcomputer arranged on the SSR power circuit 121 side.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic configuration diagram of an electric chain hoist 1 that uses the single-phase induction motor control method and control device according to the present invention.
- the electric chain block 1 includes parts and devices such as a single-phase induction motor 10 for lifting and lowering a load, a friction clutch (clutch with overload prevention means) 11, an electromagnetic brake 27, a reduction gear mechanism 13, an SSR power circuit 121, a control unit 25, and the like. , each of which is arranged and appropriately positioned within the device casing 4 so as to perform its function.
- Reference numeral 2 denotes a load sheave (rotating means) arranged in an apparatus casing 4.
- a load chain 3 is wound around the load sheave 2 for hoisting and lowering a load (not shown).
- the load sheave 2 In order for the electric chain hoist 1 to hoist and lower (raise and lower) the load, the load sheave 2 must be able to rotate in the hoisting direction (forward rotation) and the hoisting direction (reverse rotation). In order to rotate the load sheave 2 in the forward/reverse direction, it is conceivable to change the configuration of the reduction gear mechanism 13, but here, the SSR power circuit 121 has the forward/reverse rotation function.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the electrical connection configuration of the control unit 25 of the electric chain hoist 1, the SSR power circuit 121, the electromagnetic brake 27, and the like.
- the SSR power circuit 121 has a function of rotating the single-phase induction motor 10 forward and backward, and non-contact switching elements 21-1 to 21-5 are used as ON/OFF elements.
- the SSR power circuit 121 has a control board 20, and two external wires 61 and 62 are provided on the input side of the control board 20 where the supply terminals Rt, St, and Tt are arranged. , and the supply terminal St, these are electrically integrated (short-circuited), and a power supply SP1 having one end connected to the single-phase AC power supply 200 is formed.
- the external wiring 62 is connected to the supply terminal Tt and the starting capacitor C, and electrically integrates (short-circuits) them.
- a single-phase induction motor 10 is arranged on the output side of the control board 20 where the output terminals Ut, Vt, and Wt are arranged.
- the single-phase induction motor 10 includes a main coil ML and an auxiliary coil AL.
- One end U of the main coil ML is connected to the output terminal Ut of the control board 20 via a lead wire 66-1, and the other end V is electrically connected to the cathode of the rectifying element D2 and the anode of the rectifying element D4 of the full-wave rectifier circuit 26 through a lead wire 66-2.
- the cathode of the rectifying element D3 and the cathode of the rectifying element D4 of the full-wave rectifier circuit 26 are electrically connected to one end of the excitation coil 27a of the electromagnetic brake 27, and the other end of the excitation coil 27a is connected to the full-wave rectifier circuit 26 for rectification. It is electrically connected to the anode of the element D1 and the anode of the rectifying element D2. Further, the cathode of the rectifying element D1 and the anode of the rectifying element D3 of the full-wave rectifier circuit 26 are connected to the output terminal Wt of the control board 20 through the lead wire 67.
- the non-contact switching element 21-1 has a supply terminal Rt and an output terminal Ut.
- the non-contact switching element 21-2 has a supply terminal St and an output terminal Vt.
- the non-contact switching element 21-3 has a supply terminal Tt and an output terminal Wt.
- the switching element 21-4 controls ON/OFF the electrical connection between the supply terminal Rt and the output terminal Wt, and the contactless switching element 21-5 controls the electrical connection between the supply terminal Tt and the output terminal Ut.
- the control board 20 is mounted with a main current sensor 28T that detects the main current flowing through the main coil ML of the single-phase induction motor 10, an auxiliary current sensor 28S that detects the auxiliary current flowing through the auxiliary coil AL, and the like.
- a control circuit block 25 having a control power supply circuit 24 is equipped with a microcomputer 23, which provides operation signals SU and SD from the operation unit 19, a main current detection signal IT detected by a main current sensor 28T, and a main current detection signal IT. , the auxiliary current detection signal IS detected by the auxiliary current sensor 28S is inputted.
- a single-phase alternating current is input to the control power supply circuit 24 from a single-phase alternating current power supply 200 via wirings 22-6 and 22-7.
- a voltage sensor (not shown) for detecting a power supply voltage or a voltage output to the main coil ML is provided, and a voltage detection signal VT detected by the sensor is input to the microcomputer 23 .
- a hoisting signal SU is output to the microcomputer 23, and the non-contact switching elements 21-1 and 21-3 are ON-controlled by the processing of the microcomputer 23 ( At this time, the non-contact switching elements 21-4 and 21-5 remain OFF), and at the same time, the non-contact switching element 21-2 is also ON-controlled for a certain period at the time of starting. After that, based on the main current detection signal IT, the energization of the auxiliary coil AL is controlled by ON/OFF of the contactless switching element 21-2 to continue the winding operation.
- a hoisting-down signal SD is output, and the contactless switching elements 21-4 and 21-5 are controlled to be ON by the processing of the microcomputer 23 (at this time, the contactless switching element 21-1 is turned ON). , 21-3 remain OFF), and at the same time, the non-contact switching element 21-2 is controlled to be ON for a certain period at the start. After that, based on the main current detection signal IT, energization of the auxiliary coil AL is controlled by ON/OFF of the non-contact switching element 21-2 to continue the winding operation.
- the voltage signal VT and the current detection signals IT and IS are monitored and the hoisting is controlled based on the flow of overload determination processing shown in FIG. 9, thereby preventing hoisting of the overload.
- the hoisting signal SU When the hoisting signal SU is detected by the control unit 25, single-phase power is simultaneously supplied to the main coil ML and the auxiliary coil AL of the single-phase induction motor 10, and the single-phase induction motor 10 starts rotating forward.
- the main coil power is compared to see if it exceeds the power overload threshold, and if so, the power supply to the single-phase induction motor 10 is stopped. If not, it is compared whether the auxiliary coil energization time exceeds the overload threshold, and if it exceeds, the power supply to the single-phase induction motor 10 is stopped.
- the power overload threshold and the energization time ratio overload threshold are predetermined for each voltage applied to the main coil ML.
- Electromagnetic brake 120 Single-phase induction motor ML Main coil AL Auxiliary coil 121 SSR (solid state relay) power circuit 121a, 121b, 121c Current path 121d, 121e, 121f Switching contact 200 Single-phase AC power supply (Commercial power supply) C capacitor
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- Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
(1)前記主コイルに供給される電力に過負荷判定閾値を設け、前記主コイルに供給される電力が、該電力に対して設けた前記過負荷判定閾値を超えた場合に過負荷と判定する。
(2)前記単相誘導モータの運転時間に対する前記補助コイルに通電される通電時間の割合に過負荷判定閾値を設け、前記補助コイルに通電される通電時間の割合が、該通電時間の割合に対して設けた前記過負荷判定閾値を超えた場合に過負荷と判定する。
(3)前記補助コイルに所定時間内に通電された通電時間の割合に過負荷判定閾値を設け、前記補助コイルに所定時間内に通電された通電時間の割合が、該通電時間の割合に対して設けた前記過負荷判定閾値を超えた場合に過負荷と判定する。
(4)前記補助コイルに所定時間内に通電された通電時間の積算値に過負荷判定閾値を設け、前記補助コイルに所定時間内に通電された通電時間の積算値が、該通電時間の積算値に対して設けた前記過負荷判定閾値を超えた場合に過負荷と判定する。
上述のように、上記(1)乃至(4)に記載の過負荷判定方法は、これらの内の何れか1つのみの過負荷判定方法を用いても良いし、これらの内の何れか複数の過負荷判定方法を用いても良い。複数の過負荷判定方法を用いる場合は、それらの内の何れか1つの過負荷判定方法が過負荷と判定することを条件に過負荷であると最終判断しても良いし、それら全ての過負荷判定方法が過負荷と判定することを条件に過負荷であると最終判断しても良い。
本発明によれば、コンデンサ始動型の単相誘導モータの制御方法において、主コイルの電流が不安定な領域でも、単相誘導モータが過負荷であるか否かを精度よく判定できる。
また本発明において、主コイルに供給される電力に過負荷判定閾値を設ける過負荷判定方法(1)と、それ以外の補助コイルに通電される通電時間に関して過負荷判定閾値を設ける過負荷判定方法(2)又は(3)又は(4)とを併用すれば、定格負荷を大きく上回る負荷が作用した場合には、補助コイルの通電時間に関して過負荷を判定する前に、主コイルに供給される電力値で過負荷を判定できるので、より効果的に機器の損傷を防止することが可能となる。
上記(1)乃至(4)に記載の方法による過負荷判定手段の内の何れか1つのみの過負荷判定手段を用いても良いし、これらの内の何れか複数の過負荷判定手段を用いても良いことは、上記単相誘導モータの制御方法の場合と同様である。
本発明によれば、コンデンサ始動型の単相誘導モータの制御装置において、主コイルの電流が不安定な領域でも、単相誘導モータが過負荷であるか否かを精度よく判定できる。
この電気チェーンブロックによれば、従来では過荷重の判定が不可能とされる領域においても適正に吊り荷が過荷重か否かを判定でき、過荷重の荷の吊り上げを安全に停止することができる。
(通電時間率)=(補助コイルAL通電時間-定数)÷(主コイルML通電時間)を算出し、OLL閾値と比較し判定する。定数は始動時に強制的補助コイルALに通電する時間を考慮して定めた時間で、適宜パラメータとして設定可能とすることが好ましい。この効果は外来ノイズ等の影響を低減することが可能となる。
2 ロードシーブ
3 ロードチェーン
4 装置ケーシング
6 フック
10 単相誘導モータ
11 フリクションクラッチ
13 減速歯車機構
19 操作部
20 制御基板
21-1,21-2,21-3,21-4,21-5 無接点スイッチング素子
27 電磁ブレーキ
120 単相誘導モータ部
ML 主コイル
AL 補助コイル
121 SSR(ソリッドステートリレー)動力回路
121a,121b,121c 通電路
121d,121e,121f 開閉接点部
200 単相交流電源(商用電源)
C コンデンサ
Claims (3)
- 主コイル、補助コイル、コンデンサ及び駆動回路を備え、前記主コイルには単相交流電源から電流を前記駆動回路を介して通電すると共に、前記補助コイルには前記主コイルの負荷電流が大きい時に前記コンデンサを経由して前記単相交流電源から電流を供給する単相誘導モータの制御方法において、
下記(1)乃至(4)に記載のいずれか1又は2以上の過負荷判定方法を採用することを特徴とする単相誘導モータの制御方法。
(1)前記主コイルに供給される電力に過負荷判定閾値を設け、前記主コイルに供給される電力が、該電力に対して設けた前記過負荷判定閾値を超えた場合に過負荷と判定する。
(2)前記単相誘導モータの運転時間に対する前記補助コイルに通電される通電時間の割合に過負荷判定閾値を設け、前記補助コイルに通電される通電時間の割合が、該通電時間の割合に対して設けた前記過負荷判定閾値を超えた場合に過負荷と判定する。
(3)前記補助コイルに所定時間内に通電された通電時間の割合に過負荷判定閾値を設け、前記補助コイルに所定時間内に通電された通電時間の割合が、該通電時間の割合に対して設けた前記過負荷判定閾値を超えた場合に過負荷と判定する。
(4)前記補助コイルに所定時間内に通電された通電時間の積算値に過負荷判定閾値を設け、前記補助コイルに所定時間内に通電された通電時間の積算値が、該通電時間の積算値に対して設けた前記過負荷判定閾値を超えた場合に過負荷と判定する。 - 主コイル、補助コイル、コンデンサ及び駆動回路を備え、前記主コイルには単相交流電源から電流を前記駆動回路を介して通電すると共に、前記補助コイルには前記単相交流電源から電流を前記駆動回路を介し且つ前記コンデンサを経由して供給するように構成された単相誘導モータの制御装置において、
下記(1)乃至(4)に記載のいずれか1又は2以上の方法による過負荷判定を行う過負荷判定手段を備えていることを特徴とする単相誘導モータの制御装置。
(1)前記主コイルに供給される電力に過負荷判定閾値を設け、前記主コイルに供給される電力が、該電力に対して設けた前記過負荷判定閾値を超えた場合に過負荷と判定する。
(2)前記単相誘導モータの運転時間に対する前記補助コイルに通電される通電時間の割合に過負荷判定閾値を設け、前記補助コイルに通電される通電時間の割合が、該通電時間の割合に対して設けた前記過負荷判定閾値を超えた場合に過負荷と判定する。
(3)前記補助コイルに所定時間内に通電された通電時間の割合に過負荷判定閾値を設け、前記補助コイルに所定時間内に通電された通電時間の割合が、該通電時間の割合に対して設けた前記過負荷判定閾値を超えた場合に過負荷と判定する。
(4)前記補助コイルに所定時間内に通電された通電時間の積算値に過負荷判定閾値を設け、前記補助コイルに所定時間内に通電された通電時間の積算値が、該通電時間の積算値に対して設けた前記過負荷判定閾値を超えた場合に過負荷と判定する。 - ロードチェーンが係合するロードシーブと、該ロードシーブを回動する単相誘導モータとを備えた電気チェーンブロックであって、
請求項2に記載の単相誘導モータの制御装置を備えたことを特徴とする電気チェーンブロック。
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JPH03265492A (ja) * | 1990-03-13 | 1991-11-26 | Toshiba Corp | 冷蔵庫 |
JPH0678592A (ja) * | 1992-08-24 | 1994-03-18 | Funai Electric Co Ltd | モータの保護回路 |
JP2004072913A (ja) * | 2002-08-07 | 2004-03-04 | Sharp Corp | 単相誘導電動機の制御装置 |
JP2005073329A (ja) * | 2003-08-21 | 2005-03-17 | Yamada Electric Mfg Co Ltd | 単相誘導電動機の起動装置、単相誘導電動機の起動装置及び過負荷保護装置、及び、起動装置を用いた密閉形電動圧縮機 |
JP2005110457A (ja) * | 2003-10-01 | 2005-04-21 | Somfy Kk | コンデンサモータの過負荷検知方法 |
JP2014138469A (ja) * | 2013-01-16 | 2014-07-28 | Kito Corp | 巻上機用の電動機 |
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- 2022-02-02 WO PCT/JP2022/004072 patent/WO2022190720A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2022-02-02 CN CN202280018468.6A patent/CN116918241A/zh active Pending
- 2022-03-04 TW TW111107906A patent/TW202308287A/zh unknown
Patent Citations (6)
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JPH03265492A (ja) * | 1990-03-13 | 1991-11-26 | Toshiba Corp | 冷蔵庫 |
JPH0678592A (ja) * | 1992-08-24 | 1994-03-18 | Funai Electric Co Ltd | モータの保護回路 |
JP2004072913A (ja) * | 2002-08-07 | 2004-03-04 | Sharp Corp | 単相誘導電動機の制御装置 |
JP2005073329A (ja) * | 2003-08-21 | 2005-03-17 | Yamada Electric Mfg Co Ltd | 単相誘導電動機の起動装置、単相誘導電動機の起動装置及び過負荷保護装置、及び、起動装置を用いた密閉形電動圧縮機 |
JP2005110457A (ja) * | 2003-10-01 | 2005-04-21 | Somfy Kk | コンデンサモータの過負荷検知方法 |
JP2014138469A (ja) * | 2013-01-16 | 2014-07-28 | Kito Corp | 巻上機用の電動機 |
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