WO2022181370A1 - バーナシステム及びその燃焼制御方法 - Google Patents
バーナシステム及びその燃焼制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022181370A1 WO2022181370A1 PCT/JP2022/005558 JP2022005558W WO2022181370A1 WO 2022181370 A1 WO2022181370 A1 WO 2022181370A1 JP 2022005558 W JP2022005558 W JP 2022005558W WO 2022181370 A1 WO2022181370 A1 WO 2022181370A1
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- Prior art keywords
- fuel gas
- flow rate
- burner
- pilot
- concentration
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 149
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 225
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 81
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000007274 generation of a signal involved in cell-cell signaling Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001687 destabilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/26—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid with provision for a retention flame
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
- F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to burner systems and combustion control methods thereof.
- This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2021-029868 filed with the Japan Patent Office on February 26, 2021, the content of which is incorporated herein.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a sensor that detects the amount of dust, nitrogen oxides, oxygen, or carbon monoxide in exhaust gas from a boiler, and a control valve that adjusts the amount of fuel supplied to the burner based on the detection signal from this sensor.
- a boiler fuel conditioning system is disclosed.
- Patent Literature 2 describes measuring the calorific value of fuel gas and adding heat-reducing gas or heat-increasing gas according to the calorific value in order to achieve stable operation of a gas turbine power generation system.
- the present disclosure relates to a burner system including a main burner using fuel containing an inert gas and a pilot burner, and is capable of supplying excessive fuel to the pilot burner while achieving stable combustion of the main burner. It is an object of the present invention to provide a burner system and a method of controlling the same that can suppress the
- a burner system comprises: a main burner supplied with a first fuel gas containing an inert gas; a pilot burner for stabilizing the flame of the main burner; a first analysis unit configured to analyze the first fuel gas supplied to the main burner to acquire information about components of the first fuel gas; a flow rate adjusting device configured to adjust the flow rates of the second fuel gas and air supplied to the pilot burner based on the information about the components of the first fuel gas acquired by the first analysis unit; Prepare.
- a combustion control method for a burner system comprises: a main burner supplied with a first fuel gas containing an inert gas; a pilot burner for stabilizing the flame of the main burner; A combustion control method for a burner system comprising an analysis step of analyzing the first fuel gas supplied to the main burner to obtain information on the components of the first fuel gas; a flow rate adjustment step of adjusting the flow rates of the second fuel gas and air supplied to the pilot burner based on the information about the components of the first fuel gas obtained by the analysis step; Prepare.
- a burner system including a main burner using fuel containing an inert gas and a pilot burner, it is possible to suppress excessive fuel supply to the pilot burner while achieving stable combustion of the main burner.
- a burner system and method for controlling the same are provided.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a boiler 100 including a burner system 4 according to one embodiment
- FIG. 2 is a schematic side cross-sectional view showing an example of the configuration of a burner device 6
- FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic front view (viewed from inside the furnace 2) of the burner device 6 shown in FIG. 2
- 2 is a diagram showing an example of a hardware configuration of a combustion control device 24
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a combustion control flow by a combustion control device 24 of the burner system 4;
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a map showing the relationship between the load of the boiler 100 and the flow rate of pilot fuel gas;
- An example of combustion control by the combustion control device is shown for the combustion state determined by the combination of the methane concentration, the air concentration and the CO 2 concentration in the combustion area of the burner device 6 .
- FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining how to view the concentrations of methane, air, and CO 2 in FIG. 7;
- 4 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the combustion control flow by the combustion control device 24 of the burner system 4;
- expressions that express shapes such as squares and cylinders do not only represent shapes such as squares and cylinders in a geometrically strict sense, but also include irregularities and chamfers to the extent that the same effect can be obtained.
- the shape including the part etc. shall also be represented.
- the expressions “comprising”, “comprising”, “having”, “including”, or “having” one component are not exclusive expressions excluding the presence of other components.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a boiler 100 including a burner system 4 according to one embodiment.
- the boiler 100 includes a furnace 2 and a burner system 4 .
- the boiler 100 may be, for example, a marine boiler.
- the burner system 4 includes a burner device 6, a main fuel line 8, an air line 10, a pilot fuel line 12, an exhaust line 13, a flow control valve 14, a flow meter 15, a fan 16, a flow control valve 18, a flow meter 19, a first It includes an analyzer 20 , a second analyzer 22 and a combustion controller 24 .
- FIG. 2 is a schematic side sectional view showing an example of the configuration of the burner device 6, and FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of the burner device 6 shown in FIG. 2 (viewed from inside the furnace 2).
- the burner device 6 includes a burner body 25 , a wind box 26 , a pilot gas nozzle 30 arranged in the center of the burner body 25 , and a nozzle around the pilot gas nozzle 30 along the pilot gas nozzle 30 .
- a plurality of main gas nozzles 28 (six main gas nozzles 28 in the illustrated example) arranged in a row, and a swirler arranged in an air flow path 29 in the burner body 25 to form a swirl flow of air at the outlet of the burner device 6 32 and
- the pilot gas nozzle 30 and the air flow path 29 around the pilot gas nozzle 30 in the burner body 25 constitute a pilot burner 36, and the plurality of main gas nozzles 28 and the air around each main gas nozzle 28 in the burner body 25
- the flow path 29 constitutes the main burner 34 .
- Each of the main gas nozzles 28 is connected to the main fuel line 8 (see FIG. 1) and injects the main fuel gas containing the inert gas supplied from the main fuel line 8 into the furnace 2 .
- the main fuel gas comprises a hydrocarbon gas such as methane and CO2 as inert gas.
- the pilot gas nozzle 30 is connected to the pilot fuel line 12 (see FIG. 1) and injects the pilot fuel gas supplied from the pilot fuel line 12 into the furnace 2 .
- Pilot fuel gas includes a hydrocarbon gas such as, for example, methane.
- the proportion of inert gas in the pilot fuel gas is less than or zero than the proportion of inert gas in the main fuel gas.
- the wind box 26 is connected to the air line 10 (see FIG. 1), and the air supplied from the air line 10 to the wind box 26 is swirled by the swirler 32 and supplied into the furnace 2 .
- the main burner 34 injects main fuel gas containing CO 2 supplied from the main fuel line 8 from a plurality of main gas nozzles 28, mixes with the swirl flow of air generated by the swirler 32, and combusts to produce a flame.
- the pilot burner 36 injects the pilot fuel gas supplied from the pilot fuel line 12 from the pilot gas nozzle 30, mixes with the swirling flow of air generated by the swirler 32, and combusts it to form a flame. hold the flame of
- the main fuel line 8 is provided with a flow control valve 14 , a flow meter 15 and a first analyzer 20 .
- the flow control valve 14 is configured to be able to adjust the flow rate of the main fuel gas supplied from the main fuel line 8 to the main burner 34 .
- the flowmeter 15 is configured to measure the flow rate of the main fuel gas supplied to the main burner 34 .
- the type of the flow meter 15 is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, a Coriolis flow meter, a differential pressure flow meter, an ultrasonic flow meter, or the like.
- the first analyzer 20 analyzes the main fuel gas supplied to the main burner 34 to obtain information on the composition of the main fuel gas.
- the first analyzer 20 provides information on the composition of the main fuel gas as information on the components of the main fuel gas, for example, the concentrations of various hydrocarbons (methane, ethane, propane, etc.) contained in the main fuel gas, and Obtain the concentration of CO2 contained.
- the first analyzer 20 may be, for example, an IR (infrared) type or a gas chromatograph.
- a fan 16 is provided in the air line 10, and the amount of air supplied to the burner device 6 is determined by the combustion control device 24, which will be described later, depending on the amount of fuel supplied to the burner device 6. Regulated by controlling.
- the amount of air supplied to the burner device 6 may be adjusted by providing a vane (not shown) downstream of the fan 16 and adjusting the opening of the vane.
- a controller 24 adjusts the opening of the vanes.
- a flow control valve 18 and a flow meter 19 are provided in the pilot fuel line 12 .
- the flow control valve 18 is configured to be able to adjust the flow rate of the pilot fuel gas supplied from the pilot fuel line 12 to the pilot burner 36 .
- the flow meter 19 is configured to measure the flow rate of the pilot fuel gas supplied to the pilot burner 36.
- the type of the flow meter 15 is not particularly limited. It may be a flow meter or the like.
- a second analyzer 22 is provided in the exhaust line 13 .
- the second analyzer 22 analyzes the exhaust gas from the boiler 100 flowing through the exhaust line 13 and acquires the concentration of unburned fuel components contained in the exhaust gas (for example, the concentration of unburned HC and the concentration of CO in the exhaust gas). do.
- the second analyzer 22 may be, for example, an IR (infrared) type or a gas chromatograph.
- the combustion control device 24 is configured to control the combustion state of the burner device 6. Outputs of the flow meter 15 , the flow meter 19 , the first analyzer 20 and the second analyzer 22 are input to the combustion control device 24 .
- the combustion control device 24 controls the fan 16, the flow control valve 14, and the flow control valve 18 based on the input information, thereby ensuring stable combustion in the main burner 34 and supplying excess fuel to the pilot burner 36.
- the combustion state of the burner device 6 is controlled so as to suppress this. Details of combustion control by the combustion control device 24 will be described later.
- the device 20 , the second analyzer 22 and the combustion control device 24 constitute a flow control device 60 .
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of the combustion control device 24.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a combustion control flow by the combustion control device 24 of the burner system 4. As shown in FIG.
- the combustion control device 24 includes, for example, a processor 72, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 74, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 76, a HDD (Hard Disk Drive) 78, an input I/F 80, and an output I/ F 82 , which are configured using a computer connected to each other via a bus 84 .
- the hardware configuration of the combustion control device 24 is not limited to the above, and may be configured by a combination of a control circuit and a storage device.
- the combustion control device 24 is configured by a computer executing a program for realizing each function of the combustion control device 24 .
- each part of the combustion control device 24 which will be described below, are realized by, for example, loading a program stored in the ROM 76 into the RAM 74 and executing it by the processor 72, and reading and writing data in the RAM 74 and the ROM 76. .
- the combustion control device 24 exemplified in FIG. A boiler stop signal generator 54 is included.
- the map selection unit 40 selects a map from among a plurality of maps showing the relationship between the load of the boiler 100 and the flow rate of the pilot fuel gas, which are stored in the storage unit 42 for each concentration range of CO 2 contained in the main fuel gas. 1 Select the map (see FIG. 6) corresponding to the concentration of CO 2 acquired by the analyzer 20 . In the example shown in FIG. 5, three maps corresponding to three ranges (high concentration, medium concentration, low concentration) of CO 2 concentration contained in the main fuel gas are stored in the storage unit 42, and the first A map corresponding to the concentration of CO 2 acquired by the analyzer 20 is selected from among the three maps.
- the target pilot flow rate calculation unit 44 calculates the flow rate Fp0 of the pilot fuel gas that is determined according to the map selected by the map selection unit 40 and the load of the boiler 100, and is included in the main fuel gas acquired by the first analyzer 20
- the target flow rate Fpt of the pilot fuel gas is changed according to the difference (X1-C) between the concentration X1 of CO 2 and the reference concentration C for each selected map. That is, the pilot target flow rate calculator 44 calculates the difference (X1 - C ) increases, the target flow rate Fpt of the pilot fuel gas is increased with respect to the flow rate Fp0 of the pilot fuel gas determined according to the map selected by the map selection unit 40 and the load of the boiler 100 .
- the pilot fuel gas flow rate is optimized by feedforward control based on the CO2 concentration X1.
- the pilot target flow rate calculation unit 44 is determined according to the map selected by the map selection unit 40 and the load of the boiler 100 until the difference (X1-C) exceeds the first threshold.
- the flow rate Fp0 of the pilot fuel gas is the target flow rate Fpt of the pilot fuel gas
- the difference (X1-C) exceeds the first threshold value, the larger the difference (X1-C), the more the pilot fuel gas flow rate.
- the target flow rate Fpt of the pilot fuel gas may be increased with respect to the flow rate Fp0. This prevents the target flow rate Fpt from being changed too frequently, thereby stabilizing the combustion state.
- the first threshold may be set to a value corresponding to a point at which the combustion state is considered to change, for example, in a worsening direction.
- the pilot target flow rate calculation unit 44 determines the concentration of at least one of the unburned fuel component and the component caused by poor combustion contained in the exhaust gas of the boiler 100 flowing through the exhaust line 13 acquired by the second analyzer 22.
- the target flow rate Fpt of the pilot fuel gas is increased with respect to the flow rate Fp0 of the pilot fuel gas determined according to the map selected by the map selection unit 40 and the load of the boiler 100 .
- the pilot target flow rate calculation unit 44 determines that the map selection unit 40 The target flow rate Fpt of the pilot fuel gas is increased with respect to the flow rate Fp0 of the pilot fuel gas determined according to the map selected by and the load of the boiler 100 .
- the second threshold is the concentration of unburned HC at which combustion failure is determined.
- the pilot target flow rate calculation unit 44 selects the The target flow rate Fpt of the pilot fuel gas is increased with respect to the flow rate Fp0 of the pilot fuel gas determined according to the map obtained and the load of the boiler 100 .
- the third threshold is the CO concentration at which combustion failure is determined.
- the flow rate of the pilot fuel gas is optimized by feedback control based on the concentrations of unburned fuel components contained in the exhaust gas of the boiler 100 and the concentrations of components that occur during poor combustion.
- the PID control unit 46 controls the opening of the flow control valve 18 based on the target flow rate Fpt output from the pilot target flow rate calculation unit 44 and the flow rate of the pilot fuel gas measured by the flow meter 19. By performing PID control, the flow rate of the pilot fuel gas supplied to the pilot burner 36 is adjusted.
- the main target flow rate calculation unit 48 subtracts the target flow rate Fpt output from the pilot target flow rate calculation unit 44 from the fuel flow rate (fuel demand amount) determined according to the steam demand amount of the boiler 100 in terms of the amount of heat. A target flow rate Fmt of the main fuel gas to be supplied to the burner 34 is calculated.
- the PID control unit 50 performs PID control for the flow control valve 14 based on the target flow rate Fmt output from the main target flow rate calculation unit 48 and the flow rate of the main fuel gas measured by the flow meter 15. By doing so, the flow rate of the main fuel gas supplied to the main burner 34 is adjusted.
- the alarm signal generation unit 52 determines that the difference (X1-C) between the concentration X1 of CO 2 acquired by the first analyzer 20 and the reference concentration C for each map selected by the map selection unit 40 exceeds the fourth threshold. generates an alarm signal to warn of a possible misfire.
- the fourth threshold is a value larger than the first threshold.
- the alarm signal generation unit 52 detects when the concentration of the unburned fuel component contained in the exhaust gas of the boiler 100 flowing through the exhaust line 13 obtained by the second analyzer 22 (for example, the concentration X2) exceeds the fifth threshold. generates an alarm signal to warn of a possible misfire.
- the fifth threshold is a value larger than the second threshold.
- the alarm signal generation unit 52 detects when the concentration of the component (for example, the above concentration X3) occurring at the time of poor combustion contained in the exhaust gas of the boiler 100 flowing through the exhaust line 13 obtained by the second analyzer 22 exceeds the sixth threshold. generates an alarm signal to warn of a possible misfire.
- the sixth threshold is a value larger than the third threshold.
- the alarm signal may be a signal for displaying a warning on a display (not shown) or the like, a signal for activating an alarm or the like, or a signal for activating other warning means. signal.
- the boiler stop signal generation unit 54 determines that the difference (X1-C) between the concentration X1 of CO 2 acquired by the first analyzer 20 and the reference concentration C for each map selected by the map selection unit 40 exceeds the seventh threshold. If so, it generates a boiler stop signal for stopping the operation of the boiler 100 .
- the seventh threshold is a value greater than the fourth threshold.
- the boiler stop signal generation unit 54 determines that the concentration of the unburned fuel component contained in the exhaust gas of the boiler 100 flowing through the exhaust line 13 acquired by the second analyzer 22 (for example, the concentration X2) exceeds the eighth threshold. If so, it generates a boiler stop signal for stopping the operation of the boiler 100 .
- the eighth threshold is a value larger than the fifth threshold.
- the boiler stop signal generation unit 54 determines that the concentration of the component that occurs during poor combustion (for example, the concentration X3) contained in the exhaust gas of the boiler 100 flowing through the exhaust line 13 acquired by the second analyzer 22 exceeds the ninth threshold value. When it exceeds, it generates a boiler stop signal for stopping the operation of the boiler 100 .
- the ninth threshold is a value larger than the sixth threshold.
- the boiler stop signal is transmitted to each device related to the operation of the boiler 100 to stop the operation of the boiler 100 .
- the combustion amount of the pilot burner is determined by the planned value (design value), and the operator checks whether or not combustion failure occurs. If combustion failure occurs, the operator manually adjusts the fuel supply amount and air amount of the pilot burner. was
- the fuel gas flow rate and the air flow rate supplied to the pilot burner 36 are automatically adjusted to The amount of combustion is adjusted.
- the combustion amount of the pilot fuel gas can be adjusted to an appropriate combustion amount in consideration of the change in the composition of the main fuel gas regardless of the skill of the operator. 100 is safe to use. Further, by optimizing the combustion amount of the pilot burner 36 by feedforward control, it is possible to effectively prevent misfiring of the burner device 6 when the fuel composition changes.
- the inert gas in the boiler 100 by appropriately burning the inert gas in the boiler 100, it is possible to suppress the release of unburned fuel components in the exhaust gas and harmful substances caused by poor combustion into the atmosphere. Also, by optimizing the combustion amount of the pilot burner 36, the combustion amount of the inert gas can be maximized in the operating state. As a result, it is possible to reduce the deterioration of the environment caused by releasing the inert gas into the atmosphere.
- the flow rate and air amount of the pilot fuel gas supplied to the pilot burner 36 are adjusted based on the concentration of CO2 , which is an inert gas contained in the main fuel gas, the concentration of CO2 in the main fuel gas is Even if there is a change, the amount of combustion of the pilot burner 36 can be adjusted to an appropriate amount in consideration of the change in concentration of CO 2 . As a result, it is possible to effectively suppress the supply of excessive fuel to the pilot burner 36 while achieving stable combustion of the main burner 34 .
- the flow rate of the pilot fuel gas and the flow rate of the air are adjusted according to the difference between the concentration of CO 2 contained in the main fuel gas and the reference concentration, the main fuel gas for which the reference concentration of CO 2 is set is used as the fuel for the main burner 34, it is possible to suppress the supply of excessive fuel to the pilot burner 36 while achieving stable combustion of the main burner 34.
- the concentration of unburned fuel components contained in the exhaust gas of the boiler 100 exceeds a threshold value, it is determined that the boiler 100 is in a combustion failure state, and the flow rate of the pilot fuel gas and the flow rate of the air are increased. As a result, an appropriate amount of pilot fuel gas can be supplied to the pilot burner 36 according to the combustion state of the boiler. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the supply of excessive fuel to the pilot burner 36 while achieving stable combustion of the main burner 34 .
- the second analysis When the concentration of unburned fuel components contained in the exhaust gas of the boiler 100 flowing through the exhaust line 13 obtained by the analyzer 22 (for example, the concentration X2 above) exceeds the fifth threshold, or when the exhaust gas obtained by the second analyzer 22 An alarm signal is generated to warn of the possibility of a misfire when the concentration of the component that occurs during poor combustion (for example, the concentration X3) contained in the exhaust gas of the boiler 100 flowing through the line 13 exceeds the sixth threshold.
- the concentration of the component that occurs during poor combustion for example, the concentration X3
- the second analysis When the concentration of unburned fuel components contained in the exhaust gas of the boiler 100 flowing through the exhaust line 13 obtained by the analyzer 22 (for example, the concentration X2 above) exceeds the eighth threshold, or when the exhaust gas obtained by the second analyzer 22 A boiler stop signal for stopping the operation of the boiler 100 is generated when the concentration of the component (for example, the above concentration X3) that occurs in the case of poor combustion contained in the exhaust gas of the boiler 100 flowing through the line 13 exceeds the ninth threshold. By doing so, it is possible to avoid safety problems or the like in the boiler 100 when using the main fuel gas for which the reference concentration of CO 2 is set as the fuel for the main burner 34 .
- the combustion control device 24 may be configured to stop the supply of main fuel gas to the main burner 34 when the pilot burner 36 stops. "Stopping the pilot burner 36" means stopping the combustion of the pilot burner 36, and includes both an intentional stop by the operator and an emergency stop by a protective device.
- the main burner 34 and the pilot burner 36 must be combusted at the same time. Therefore, if the pilot burner trips for some reason, it is desirable to trip the main burner 34 as described above.
- the combustion control device 24 causes the pilot burner 36 to increase the flow rate of the fuel gas supplied to the pilot burner 36 based on the composition of the main fuel gas. After temporarily increasing the flow rate of the supplied fuel to an excessive flow rate with respect to the flow rate that achieves optimum combustion, the flow rate of the air supplied to the pilot burner 36 is increased, and the flow rate of the fuel supplied to the pilot burner is decreased. You may let
- the concentration of methane at a point A is determined by the intersection with the upper left edge of the solid triangle when proceeding leftward from point A parallel to the dashed line, and along the upper left edge. gets bigger as you go.
- the concentration of air at point A is determined by the intersection of the solid line with the base of the triangle when proceeding from point A to the right and parallel to the dash-dotted line, and increases along the base to the left.
- the concentration of CO 2 at point A is determined by the point of intersection with the upper right side of the solid triangle when proceeding from point A to the upper right parallel to the dash-dotted line, and increases along the upper right side toward the lower right. .
- FIG. 7 shows an example of combustion control by the combustion control device with respect to the combustion state determined by the combination of the methane concentration, the air concentration and the CO 2 concentration in the combustion area of the burner device 6 .
- a certain point P1 is within a range S1 indicating an optimal combustion state (state of stable combustion without excessive consumption of fuel gas and without misfiring). If the concentration of CO 2 in the main fuel gas increases and the concentration of methane decreases from the combustion state of , the combustion state may transition to point P2 within the misfire danger range S2 where there is a risk of misfire. In such a case, the combustion control device 24 performs combustion control to shift the combustion state from point P3 to point P4 as follows.
- the transition from point P1 to point P2 is, for example, the difference between the concentration X1 of CO 2 contained in the main fuel gas obtained by the first analyzer 20 and the reference concentration C for each selected map ( X1-C) exceeds the first threshold.
- the combustion control device 24 temporarily sets the flow rate of the fuel supplied to the pilot burner 36 to a flow rate (for example, a range After increasing the flow rate to achieve the point P3 in S3), the flow rate of the air supplied to the pilot burner 36 is increased, and the flow rate of the pilot fuel gas supplied to the pilot burner 36 is increased to the flow rate that achieves the optimum combustion state (for example, flow rate that achieves point P4 within range S1).
- the combustion state may become unstable and misfire may occur.
- the flow rate of the pilot fuel gas is increased to achieve the optimum combustion state while maintaining the air flow rate. After temporarily increasing the flow rate to an excessive amount with respect to the The flow rate is controlled to achieve the optimum combustion state.
- the first analyzer 20 of the burner system 4, such as that shown in FIG. may be a meter.
- a combustion control flow by the combustion control device 24 in this case will be described below with reference to FIG.
- the map selection unit 40 selects the first analyzer 20 from among a plurality of maps showing the relationship between the load of the boiler 100 and the flow rate of the pilot fuel gas stored in the storage unit 42 for each range of the calorific value of the main fuel gas. Select the map (see FIG. 9) corresponding to the calorific value of the main fuel gas obtained by . In the example shown in FIG. 9, three maps respectively corresponding to three ranges of the calorific value of the main fuel gas (high calorific value, medium calorific value and low calorific value) are stored in the storage unit 42, and the first analysis A map corresponding to the calorific value of the main fuel gas acquired by the device 20 is selected from among the three maps.
- the pilot target flow rate calculator 44 calculates the reference calorific value Q for each selected map and the first analyzer
- the target flow rate Fpt of the pilot fuel gas is changed according to the difference (Q ⁇ Y1) from the calorific value Y1 of the main fuel gas obtained in step 20 . That is, the pilot target flow rate calculation unit 44 determines that the difference (Q ⁇ Y1) between the reference calorific value Q for each map selected by the map selection unit 40 and the calorific value Y1 of the main fuel gas acquired by the first analyzer 20 is large. Indeed, the target flow rate Fpt of the pilot fuel gas is increased with respect to the flow rate Fp0 of the pilot fuel gas determined according to the map selected by the map selection unit 40 and the load of the boiler 100 .
- the pilot target flow rate calculation unit 44 is determined according to the map selected by the map selection unit 40 and the load of the boiler 100 until the difference (Q ⁇ Y1) exceeds the tenth threshold.
- the difference (QY1) exceeds the tenth threshold
- the target flow rate Fpt of the pilot fuel gas may be increased with respect to the flow rate Fp0. This prevents the target flow rate Fpt from being changed too frequently, thereby stabilizing the combustion state.
- the pilot target flow rate calculation unit 44 determines the concentration of at least one of the unburned fuel component and the component caused by poor combustion contained in the exhaust gas of the boiler 100 flowing through the exhaust line 13 acquired by the second analyzer 22.
- the target flow rate Fpt of the pilot fuel gas is increased with respect to the flow rate Fp0 of the pilot fuel gas determined according to the map selected by the map selection unit 40 and the load of the boiler 100 .
- the pilot target flow rate calculation unit 44 uses the map selection unit 40 to The target flow rate Fpt of the pilot fuel gas is increased with respect to the flow rate Fp0 of the pilot fuel gas determined according to the selected map and the load of the boiler 100 .
- the pilot target flow rate calculation unit 44 selects the The target flow rate Fpt of the pilot fuel gas is increased relative to the flow rate Fp0 of the pilot fuel gas determined according to the map and the load of the boiler 100 .
- the configurations of the PID control unit 46, the main target flow rate calculation unit 48, and the PID control unit 50 are the same as the configurations described using FIG. 5, so description thereof will be omitted.
- the alarm signal generator 52 determines that the difference (Q ⁇ Y1) between the reference calorific value Q for each map selected by the map selector 40 and the calorific value Y1 of the main fuel gas obtained by the first analyzer 20 reaches the eleventh threshold. If exceeded, an alarm signal is generated to warn of a possible misfire.
- the eleventh threshold is a value larger than the tenth threshold.
- the alarm signal may be a signal for displaying a warning on a display (not shown) or the like, a signal for activating an alarm or the like, or a signal for activating other warning means. may be
- the boiler stop signal generator 54 determines that the difference (Q ⁇ Y1) between the reference calorific value Q for each map selected by the map selector 40 and the calorific value Y1 of the main fuel gas obtained by the first analyzer 20 is the twelfth threshold. is exceeded, a boiler stop signal for stopping the operation of the boiler 100 is generated.
- the twelfth threshold is a value greater than the eleventh threshold.
- the boiler stop signal is transmitted to each device related to the operation of the boiler 100 to stop the operation of the boiler 100 .
- the flow rate of the fuel gas and the flow rate of the air supplied to the pilot burner 36 are automatically adjusted. Adjusts the amount of combustion. As a result, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of poor combustion in the main burner 34 and achieve stable combustion while suppressing excessive fuel supply to the pilot burner 36 .
- the combustion amount of the pilot fuel gas can be adjusted to an appropriate combustion amount by considering the change in the calorific value of the main fuel gas regardless of the skill of the operator. , the boiler 100 can be used safely.
- the flow rate of the pilot fuel gas is adjusted according to the difference between the reference calorific value of the main fuel gas and the calorific value of the main fuel gas obtained by the first analyzer 20, the reference calorific value is known in advance.
- the concentration of at least one of the unburned fuel component and the component generated at the time of poor combustion contained in the exhaust gas of the boiler 100 exceeds the threshold for each component, it is determined that the boiler 100 is in the poor combustion state.
- an appropriate amount of pilot fuel gas according to the combustion state of the boiler 100 can be supplied to the pilot burner 36 . Therefore, it is possible to suppress the supply of excessive fuel to the pilot burner 36 while achieving stable combustion of the main burner 34 .
- the burner system 4 shown in FIG. 9 increases the flow rate of the pilot fuel gas supplied to the pilot burner 36 based on the calorific value of the main fuel gas (for example, the above difference (Q ⁇ Y1) exceeds the 10th threshold value), the flow rate of the pilot fuel supplied to the pilot burner 36 is increased to an excessive flow rate with respect to the flow rate that achieves optimum combustion by the same method as the method described using FIG. After that, the air flow rate supplied to the pilot burner 36 may be increased and the fuel flow rate supplied to the pilot burner 36 may be decreased.
- the present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and includes modifications of the above-described embodiments and modes in which these modes are combined as appropriate.
- CO2 was used as an example of the inert gas
- the inert gas is not limited to CO2 , and may be other gases with low reactivity such as N2 , Ar, and helium.
- the main fuel gas may contain multiple types of inert gases. In this case, each threshold related to the concentration of the inert gas may be provided for each type of inert gas.
- the second analyzer 22 detects the concentration of unburned fuel components in the exhaust gas and the concentration of components that occur during poor combustion. It is also possible to detect only the concentration of unburned fuel components without detecting the may be detected.
- the flow rate adjusting device 60 may adjust the flow rate of the pilot fuel gas to be supplied to the pilot burner 36 according to the concentration of at least one of the unburned fuel components and the components caused by poor combustion in the exhaust gas.
- a burner system for example, the burner system 4 described above
- a main burner e.g., the main burner 34 described above
- a first fuel gas e.g., the main fuel gas described above
- an inert gas e.g., CO 2 , N 2 , Ar, etc., described above
- a pilot burner for example, the pilot burner 36 described above
- the first fuel gas supplied to the main burner is analyzed to obtain information on the components of the first fuel gas (for example, the concentration of the inert gas described above or the calorific value of the first fuel gas).
- a first analysis unit configured to adjust the flow rate of the second fuel gas (for example, the pilot fuel gas described above) and air supplied to the pilot burner based on the information about the components of the first fuel gas acquired by the first analysis unit; a flow regulator (e.g., the flow regulator 60 described above); Prepare.
- the second fuel gas for example, the pilot fuel gas described above
- a flow regulator e.g., the flow regulator 60 described above
- the flow rate of the second fuel gas and the flow rate of air supplied to the pilot burner are automatically adjusted based on the information on the components of the first fuel gas obtained by the first analyzer. It is adjusted to adjust the combustion amount of the pilot burner. As a result, it is possible to suppress the supply of excessive fuel to the pilot burner while suppressing the occurrence of poor combustion in the main burner and achieving stable combustion. Therefore, even if the composition of the first fuel gas changes, the combustion amount of the second fuel gas should be adjusted to an appropriate combustion amount in consideration of the change in the composition of the first fuel gas regardless of the skill of the operator. and the boiler can be used safely.
- the flow rate adjusting device adjusts the flow rate of the second fuel gas to achieve optimum combustion. After increasing the flow rate (for example, the flow rate within the above-described range S2) to an excessive flow rate (for example, the flow rate within the above-described range S1), the flow rate of the air supplied to the pilot burner is increased, and the second fuel It is configured to reduce the gas flow rate.
- the combustion state may become unstable and misfire may occur.
- the flow rate of the second fuel gas is optimized. After temporarily increasing the flow rate to an excessive amount with respect to the flow rate that realizes the combustion state, the flow rate of the air supplied to the pilot burner is increased and the flow rate of the second fuel is decreased, thereby reducing the flow rate of the second fuel gas.
- the flow rate is controlled to achieve the optimum combustion state.
- the first analysis unit is configured to acquire the concentration of the inert gas as information on the components of the first fuel gas
- the flow rate adjusting device is configured to adjust the flow rate of the second fuel gas supplied to the pilot burner based on the concentration of the inert gas obtained by the first analysis section.
- the flow rate of the second fuel gas supplied to the pilot burner is adjusted based on the concentration of the inert gas contained in the first fuel gas, the inert gas of the first fuel gas is Even if the concentration of the active gas changes, the flow rate of the second fuel gas can be adjusted to an appropriate flow rate in consideration of the change in the concentration of the inert gas. As a result, it is possible to effectively suppress excessive fuel supply to the pilot burner while achieving stable combustion in the main burner.
- the flow rate adjusting device supplies the second It is configured to regulate the flow rate of the fuel gas.
- the burner system described in (4) above since the flow rate of the pilot fuel gas is adjusted according to the difference between the concentration of CO 2 contained in the main fuel gas and the reference concentration, the reference concentration of CO 2 is used as fuel for the main burner, it is possible to suppress excessive supply of the fuel gas to the pilot burner while achieving stable combustion in the main burner.
- the flow rate adjustment device When the difference between the concentration of the inert gas obtained by the first analysis unit and the reference concentration exceeds a threshold (for example, the above-described fourth threshold or seventh threshold), the flow rate adjustment device generates an alarm signal or a boiler configured to generate a boiler signal to stop operation of the a threshold (for example, the above-described fourth threshold or seventh threshold).
- a threshold for example, the above-described fourth threshold or seventh threshold
- the first analysis unit is configured to acquire the calorific value of the first fuel gas as information on the components of the first fuel gas
- the flow rate adjusting device is configured to adjust the flow rate of the second fuel gas supplied to the pilot burner based on the calorific value of the first fuel gas obtained by the first analysis section.
- the calorific value of the first fuel gas changes.
- the flow rate of the second fuel gas can be adjusted to an appropriate flow rate in consideration of the change in the calorific value. As a result, it is possible to effectively suppress excessive fuel supply to the pilot burner while achieving stable combustion in the main burner.
- the flow rate adjusting device It is configured to adjust the flow rate of the second fuel gas supplied to the pilot burner.
- the flow rate of the second fuel gas is adjusted according to the difference between the reference calorific value of the first fuel gas and the calorific value of the first fuel gas obtained by the first analysis unit. Therefore, when using the first fuel gas with a predetermined reference calorific value as fuel for the main burner, it is possible to suppress the supply of excessive fuel gas to the pilot burner while achieving stable combustion of the main burner. can be done.
- the difference between the reference calorific value of the first fuel gas and the calorific value of the first fuel gas obtained by the first analysis unit sets a threshold (for example, the above-described eleventh threshold or twelfth threshold). If exceeded, it is configured to generate an alarm signal or a boiler stop signal to stop operation of the boiler.
- the flow rate adjusting device is configured to adjust the flow rate of the second fuel gas supplied to the pilot burner according to the concentration of the at least one detected by the second analysis section.
- the flow rate of the second fuel gas supplied to the pilot burner is adjusted based on at least one of the concentration of unburned fuel components in the exhaust gas and the components generated during poor combustion. Therefore, even if the combustion state of the boiler changes, the flow rate of the second fuel gas is adjusted to an appropriate flow rate in consideration of at least one change in the concentration of unburned fuel components in the exhaust gas and the components that occur during poor combustion. can be adjusted to As a result, it is possible to effectively suppress excessive fuel supply to the pilot burner while achieving stable combustion in the main burner.
- the flow rate adjusting device supplies the first gas to the pilot burner when the concentration of the at least one detected by the second analysis unit exceeds a threshold value for each component (for example, the second threshold value or the third threshold value described above). 2 configured to increase the flow rate of fuel gas;
- the boiler is combusted.
- the flow rate of the second fuel gas to be supplied to the pilot burner upon determining that the boiler is in a defective state, it is possible to supply an appropriate amount of the second fuel gas to the pilot burner according to the combustion state of the boiler. Therefore, it is possible to suppress supplying excessive fuel to the pilot burner while achieving stable combustion of the main burner.
- the at least one concentration obtained by the second analysis unit is greater than the threshold for each component (for example, the above-described fifth threshold, sixth threshold, eighth threshold, or ninth threshold) ) is exceeded, an alarm signal or a boiler stop signal for stopping the operation of the boiler is generated.
- the flow regulating device is configured to stop the supply of the first fuel gas to the main burner when the pilot burner stops.
- the main burner and the pilot burner must be burned simultaneously because the inert gas cannot self-ignite by itself. Therefore, if the pilot burner misfires for some reason, it is desirable to stop the supply of the first fuel gas to the main burner as described in (12) above.
- a combustion control method for a burner system includes: a main burner (e.g., main burner 34 described above) supplied with a first fuel gas (e.g., main fuel gas described above) containing an inert gas (e.g., CO 2 or N 2 described above); a pilot burner (for example, the pilot burner 36 described above) for stabilizing the flame of the main burner;
- a combustion control method for a burner system comprising an analysis step of analyzing the first fuel gas supplied to the main burner to obtain information on the components of the first fuel gas (for example, the concentration of the inert gas or the calorific value of the first fuel gas); a flow rate adjustment step of adjusting the flow rate of the second fuel gas (for example, the pilot fuel gas described above) supplied to the pilot burner based on the information about the components of the first fuel gas obtained by the analysis step; Prepare.
- the flow rate of the second fuel gas and the flow rate of air supplied to the pilot burner are automatically adjusted based on the information on the components of the first fuel gas obtained by the analysis step. to adjust the amount of combustion of the pilot burner.
- the combustion amount of the second fuel gas should be adjusted to an appropriate combustion amount in consideration of the change in the composition of the first fuel gas regardless of the skill of the operator. and the boiler can be used safely.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2021年2月26日に日本国特許庁に出願された特願2021-029868号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
特許文献2には、ガスタービン発電システムの安定的な運転を図るために、燃料ガスの熱量を測定し、熱量に応じて減熱ガスや増熱ガスを添加することが記載されている。
不活性ガスを含む第1燃料ガスが供給されるメインバーナと、
前記メインバーナの火炎を保炎するためのパイロットバーナと、
前記メインバーナに供給される前記第1燃料ガスを分析して前記第1燃料ガスの成分に関する情報を取得するように構成された第1分析部と、
前記第1分析部によって取得した前記第1燃料ガスの成分に関する情報に基づいて、前記パイロットバーナに供給する第2燃料ガス及び空気の流量を調整するように構成された流量調整装置と、
を備える。
上記目的を達成するため、本開示の少なくとも一実施形態に係るバーナシステムの燃焼制御方法は、
不活性ガスを含む第1燃料ガスが供給されるメインバーナと、
前記メインバーナの火炎を保炎するためのパイロットバーナと、
を備えるバーナシステムの燃焼制御方法であって、
前記メインバーナに供給される前記第1燃料ガスを分析して前記第1燃料ガスの成分に関する情報を取得する分析ステップと、
前記分析ステップによって取得した前記第1燃料ガスの成分に関する情報に基づいて、前記パイロットバーナに供給する第2燃料ガス及び空気の流量を調整する流量調整ステップと、
を備える。
例えば、「ある方向に」、「ある方向に沿って」、「平行」、「直交」、「中心」、「同心」或いは「同軸」等の相対的或いは絶対的な配置を表す表現は、厳密にそのような配置を表すのみならず、公差、若しくは、同じ機能が得られる程度の角度や距離をもって相対的に変位している状態も表すものとする。
例えば、「同一」、「等しい」及び「均質」等の物事が等しい状態であることを表す表現は、厳密に等しい状態を表すのみならず、公差、若しくは、同じ機能が得られる程度の差が存在している状態も表すものとする。
例えば、四角形状や円筒形状等の形状を表す表現は、幾何学的に厳密な意味での四角形状や円筒形状等の形状を表すのみならず、同じ効果が得られる範囲で、凹凸部や面取り部等を含む形状も表すものとする。
一方、一の構成要素を「備える」、「具える」、「具備する」、「含む」、又は、「有する」という表現は、他の構成要素の存在を除外する排他的な表現ではない。
図1に示すように、ボイラ100は、火炉2及びバーナシステム4を備える。ボイラ100の用途は特に限定されないが、ボイラ100は例えば舶用ボイラであってもよい。
従来、パイロットバーナの燃焼量は計画値(設計値)で決め、燃焼不良の発生の有無をオペレータが確認し、燃焼不良が生じたらオペレータが手動でパイロットバーナの燃料供給量及び空気量を調整していた。
例えば、上述した実施形態では、不活性ガスの例としてCO2を挙げたが、不活性ガスは、CO2に限らず、例えばN2やAr、ヘリウム等の反応性の低い他のガスであってもよい。また、メイン燃料ガスは、複数種類の不活性ガスを含んでいてもよい。この場合、上記の不活性ガスの濃度に係る各閾値は不活性ガスの種類毎に設けられていてもよい。
不活性ガス(例えば上述のCO2、N2、Ar等)を含む第1燃料ガス(例えば上述のメイン燃料ガス)が供給されるメインバーナ(例えば上述のメインバーナ34)と、
前記メインバーナの火炎を保炎するためのパイロットバーナ(例えば上述のパイロットバーナ36)と、
前記メインバーナに供給される前記第1燃料ガスを分析して前記第1燃料ガスの成分に関する情報(例えば上述の不活性ガスの濃度又は第1燃料ガスの発熱量)を取得するように構成された第1分析部と、
前記第1分析部によって取得した前記第1燃料ガスの成分に関する情報に基づいて、前記パイロットバーナに供給する第2燃料ガス(例えば上述のパイロット燃料ガス)及び空気の流量を調整するように構成された流量調整装置(例えば上述の流量調整装置60)と、
を備える。
前記流量調整装置は、前記第1燃料ガスの成分に関する情報に基づいて前記パイロットバーナに供給する前記第2燃料ガスの流量を増加させる場合に、前記第2燃料ガスの流量を最適燃焼を実現する流量(例えば上述の範囲S1内の流量)に対して過剰な流量(例えば上述の範囲S2内の流量)まで増加させた後に、前記パイロットバーナに供給する空気の流量を増加させ、前記第2燃料ガスの流量を減少させるように構成される。
前記第1分析部は、前記第1燃料ガスの成分に関する情報として、前記不活性ガスの濃度を取得するように構成され、
前記流量調整装置は、前記第1分析部によって取得した前記不活性ガスの濃度に基づいて、前記パイロットバーナに供給する前記第2燃料ガスの流量を調整するように構成される。
前記流量調整装置は、前記第1分析部によって取得した前記不活性ガスの濃度と基準濃度との差(例えば上述の差(X1-C))に応じて、前記パイロットバーナに供給する前記第2燃料ガスの流量を調整するように構成される。
前記流量調整装置は、前記第1分析部によって取得した前記不活性ガスの濃度と基準濃度との差が閾値(例えば上述の第4閾値又は第7閾値)を超えた場合に、アラーム信号又はボイラの運転を停止するためのボイラ信号を生成するように構成される。
前記第1分析部は、前記第1燃料ガスの成分に関する情報として、前記第1燃料ガスの発熱量を取得するように構成され、
前記流量調整装置は、前記第1分析部によって取得した前記第1燃料ガスの発熱量に基づいて、前記パイロットバーナに供給する前記第2燃料ガスの流量を調整するように構成される。
前記流量調整装置は、前記第1燃料ガスの基準発熱量と前記第1分析部によって取得した前記第1燃料ガスの発熱量との差(例えば上述の差(Q-Y1)に応じて、前記パイロットバーナに供給する前記第2燃料ガスの流量を調整するように構成される。
前記流量調整装置は、前記第1燃料ガスの基準発熱量と前記第1分析部によって取得した前記第1燃料ガスの発熱量との差が閾値(例えば上述の第11閾値又は第12閾値)を超えた場合に、アラーム信号又はボイラの運転を停止するためのボイラ停止信号を生成するように構成される。
ボイラの排ガスを分析して前記排ガス中の未燃の燃料成分及び燃焼不良の際に生じる成分の少なくとも一方の濃度を検出するように構成された第2分析部を更に備え、
前記流量調整装置は、前記第2分析部によって検出した前記少なくとも一方の濃度に応じて、前記パイロットバーナに供給する前記第2燃料ガスの流量を調整するように構成される。
前記流量調整装置は、前記第2分析部によって検出した前記少なくとも一方の濃度が成分毎の閾値(例えば上述の第2閾値又は第3閾値)を超えた場合に、前記パイロットバーナに供給する前記第2燃料ガスの流量を増加させるように構成される。
前記流量調整装置は、前記第2分析部によって取得した前記少なくとも一方の濃度が前記成分毎の閾値よりも大きい他の閾値(例えば上述の第5閾値、第6閾値、第8閾値又は第9閾値)を超えた場合に、アラーム信号又はボイラの運転を停止するためのボイラ停止信号を生成するように構成される。
前記流量調整装置は、前記パイロットバーナが停止した場合に、前記メインバーナへの前記第1燃料ガスの供給を停止させるように構成される。
不活性ガス(例えば上述のCO2又はN2)を含む第1燃料ガス(例えば上述のメイン燃料ガス)が供給されるメインバーナ(例えば上述のメインバーナ34)と、
前記メインバーナの火炎を保炎するためのパイロットバーナ(例えば上述のパイロットバーナ36)と、
を備えるバーナシステムの燃焼制御方法であって、
前記メインバーナに供給される前記第1燃料ガスを分析して前記第1燃料ガスの成分に関する情報(例えば上述の不活性ガスの濃度又は第1燃料ガスの発熱量)を取得する分析ステップと、
前記分析ステップによって取得した前記第1燃料ガスの成分に関する情報に基づいて、前記パイロットバーナに供給する第2燃料ガス(例えば上述のパイロット燃料ガス)の流量を調整する流量調整ステップと、
を備える。
4 バーナシステム
6 バーナ装置
8 メイン燃料ライン
10 空気ライン
12 パイロット燃料ライン
13 排気ライン
14 流量制御弁
15 流量計
16 ファン
18 流量制御弁
19 流量計
20 第1分析器
22 第2分析器
24 燃焼制御装置
26 風箱
28 メインガスノズル
29 空気流路
30 パイロットガスノズル
31 空気流路
32 スワラ
34 メインバーナ
36 パイロットバーナ
40 マップ選択部
42 記憶部
44 パイロット目標流量演算部
46 PID制御部
48 メイン目標流量演算部
50 PID制御部
52 アラーム信号生成部
54 ボイラ停止信号生成部
60 流量調整装置
72 プロセッサ
74 RAM
76 ROM
78 HDD
80 入力I/F
82 出力I/F
84 バス
100 ボイラ
Claims (13)
- 不活性ガスを含む第1燃料ガスが供給されるメインバーナと、
前記メインバーナの火炎を保炎するためのパイロットバーナと、
前記メインバーナに供給される前記第1燃料ガスを分析して前記第1燃料ガスの成分に関する情報を取得するように構成された第1分析部と、
前記第1分析部によって取得した前記第1燃料ガスの成分に関する情報に基づいて、前記パイロットバーナに供給する第2燃料ガス及び空気の流量を調整するように構成された流量調整装置と、
を備える、バーナシステム。 - 前記流量調整装置は、前記第1燃料ガスの成分に関する情報に基づいて前記パイロットバーナに供給する前記第2燃料ガスの流量を増加させる場合に、前記第2燃料ガスの流量を最適燃焼を実現する流量に対して過剰な流量まで増加させた後に、前記パイロットバーナに供給する空気の流量を増加させ、前記第2燃料ガスの流量を減少させるように構成された、請求項1に記載のバーナシステム。
- 前記第1分析部は、前記第1燃料ガスの成分に関する情報として、前記不活性ガスの濃度を取得するように構成され、
前記流量調整装置は、前記第1分析部によって取得した前記不活性ガスの濃度に基づいて、前記パイロットバーナに供給する前記第2燃料ガスの流量を調整するように構成された、請求項1又は2に記載のバーナシステム。 - 前記流量調整装置は、前記第1分析部によって取得した前記不活性ガスの濃度と基準濃度との差に応じて、前記パイロットバーナに供給する前記第2燃料ガスの流量を調整するように構成された、請求項3に記載のバーナシステム。
- 前記流量調整装置は、前記第1分析部によって取得した前記不活性ガスの濃度と基準濃度との差が閾値を超えた場合に、アラーム信号又はボイラの運転を停止するためのボイラ信号を生成するように構成された、請求項4に記載のバーナシステム。
- 前記第1分析部は、前記第1燃料ガスの成分に関する情報として、前記第1燃料ガスの発熱量を取得するように構成され、
前記流量調整装置は、前記第1分析部によって取得した前記第1燃料ガスの発熱量に基づいて、前記パイロットバーナに供給する前記第2燃料ガスの流量を調整するように構成された、請求項1又は2に記載のバーナシステム。 - 前記流量調整装置は、前記第1燃料ガスの基準発熱量と前記第1分析部によって取得した前記第1燃料ガスの発熱量との差に応じて、前記パイロットバーナに供給する前記第2燃料ガスの流量を調整するように構成された、請求項6に記載のバーナシステム。
- 前記流量調整装置は、前記第1燃料ガスの基準発熱量と前記第1分析部によって取得した前記第1燃料ガスの発熱量との差が閾値を超えた場合に、アラーム信号又はボイラの運転を停止するためのボイラ停止信号を生成するように構成された、請求項7に記載のバーナシステム。
- ボイラの排ガスを分析して前記排ガス中の未燃の燃料成分及び燃焼不良の際に生じる成分の少なくとも一方の濃度を検出するように構成された第2分析部を更に備え、
前記流量調整装置は、前記第2分析部によって検出した前記少なくとも一方の濃度に応じて、前記パイロットバーナに供給する前記第2燃料ガスの流量を調整するように構成された、請求項1又は2に記載のバーナシステム。 - 前記流量調整装置は、前記第2分析部によって検出した前記少なくとも一方の濃度が成分毎の閾値を超えた場合に、前記パイロットバーナに供給する前記第2燃料ガスの流量を増加させるように構成された、請求項9に記載のバーナシステム。
- 前記流量調整装置は、前記第2分析部によって取得した前記少なくとも一方の濃度が前記成分毎の閾値よりも大きい他の閾値を超えた場合に、アラーム信号又はボイラの運転を停止するためのボイラ停止信号を生成するように構成された、請求項10に記載のバーナシステム。
- 前記流量調整装置は、前記パイロットバーナが停止した場合に、前記メインバーナへの前記第1燃料ガスの供給を停止させるように構成された、請求項1に記載のバーナシステム。
- 不活性ガスを含む第1燃料ガスが供給されるメインバーナと、
前記メインバーナの火炎を保炎するためのパイロットバーナと、
を備えるバーナシステムの燃焼制御方法であって、
前記メインバーナに供給される前記第1燃料ガスを分析して前記第1燃料ガスの成分に関する情報を取得する分析ステップと、
前記分析ステップによって取得した前記第1燃料ガスの成分に関する情報に基づいて、前記パイロットバーナに供給する第2燃料ガス及び空気の流量を調整する流量調整ステップと、
を備える、バーナシステムの燃焼制御方法。
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