WO2022174565A1

WO2022174565A1 - Fan tower barrel inclination monitoring device and method based on optical dispersion

Info

Publication number: WO2022174565A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/114650
Authority: WO
Inventors: 许扬; 卢承引; 永胜; 赵凤伟; 延卫忠; 吕井波; 范建文; 白利军; 李智楠; 岳彩桥; 裴利忠
Original assignee: 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司; 华能新能源股份有限公司蒙西分公司
Priority date: 2021-02-20
Filing date: 2021-08-26
Publication date: 2022-08-25
Also published as: CN112832958A; CN112832958B

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of new energy power generation. Disclosed are a fan tower barrel inclination monitoring device and method based on optical dispersion. The device comprises a light source generator, a splitter, a spectral signal receiver, and a data processing and analysis system. The spectral signal receiver is fixedly disposed on a tower barrel; the light source generator faces the spectral signal receiver, and is fixedly disposed on the horizontal plane outside the fan tower barrel; the splitter is arranged between the light source generator and the spectral signal receiver; the spectral signal receiver is connected to the data processing and analysis system. According to the present application, the fan tower barrel detection is achieved by using an optical measurement method, and compared with other manners, the method has higher measurement precision. The device of the present application is simple in construction, each component is low in cost, and is easy to implement, and the security of the fan tower barrel in a wind power plant is improved.

Description

A device and method for monitoring the tilt of a fan tower based on optical dispersion

technical field

The application belongs to the technical field of new energy power generation, and in particular relates to a device and method for monitoring the inclination of a fan tower based on optical dispersion.

Background technique

With the development of wind power development to low wind speed areas, ultra-high flexible towers are widely used. At the same time, wind turbines are getting closer and closer to residential areas, which requires higher and higher safety requirements for wind turbines.

In recent years, wind turbine tower collapse accidents have occurred frequently, which not only brings huge economic losses to wind power enterprises, but also produces relatively bad negative social impacts. From the perspective of the source of the downturn of the fan tower, foundation cracking, tower inclination, uneven settlement, etc. are the most important reasons; these hidden safety hazards are a long and slow process, especially the inclination and uneven settlement of the tower. It is difficult to accurately find out by eye observation. Once the quantity changes to the qualitative change, the tower collapse accident is inevitable. In addition, uneven settlement will not only reduce the power generation of the wind turbine, but also generate additional bending moments on large components of the transmission chain (such as the main bearing), which will cause it to operate under non-design conditions and accelerate the damage of components. Therefore, the timely and effective monitoring and measurement of the inclination and uneven settlement of the tower is the main solution to avoid the tower collapse of the fan.

The existing device for monitoring the inclination of the fan mainly adopts the inclination sensor, but this method also has certain shortcomings, and it has high requirements on the sensor accuracy and long-term stability. In recent years, image recognition technology has been applied to the field of wind turbine tower monitoring. Patent Publication No. 211314461U reports a new type of wind power tower tilt warning device, which monitors screws through the setting of high and low temperature digital industrial cameras and shadowless highlight light sources, and is equipped with an online monitoring device screen inside the main control room. , which can make the wind power tower tilt warning device have a visual and intuitive display interface. Patent Publication No. 104807444A reports a method for measuring the inclination of a wind turbine tower, so that the user can quickly determine the inclination angle of the tower by taking only two pictures. However, one disadvantage of using image recognition technology to determine the inclination of the tower is that it requires high resolution of the picture, and the small displacement of the wind turbine tower in the early stage is difficult to be significantly reflected by the image.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the present application is to provide a device and method for monitoring the tilt of a fan tower based on optical dispersion, which can improve the accuracy and sensitivity of monitoring the fan tower and improve the safety of the fan tower.

This application is achieved through the following technical solutions:

The application discloses a fan tower tilt monitoring device based on optical dispersion, comprising a light source generator, a light splitter, a spectral signal receiver and a data processing and analysis system;

The spectral signal receiver is fixed on the fan tower, the light source generator is fixed on the horizontal plane outside the fan tower facing the spectral signal receiver, and the optical splitter is set between the light source generator and the spectral signal receiver, and the spectral signal receives The device is connected with the data processing and analysis system; the mixed beam emitted by the light source generator is separated into monochromatic beams of different wavelengths by the spectroscope and irradiated on the spectral signal receiver.

Preferably, the beam splitter is a prism or a grating, and the resolution of the beam splitter is >1 nm/mm.

Preferably, the spectral signal receiver is a spectral signal probe.

Further preferably, the diameter of the spectral signal probe is <1 mm.

Preferably, the height of the spectral signal receiver from the ground is 10-20 cm.

Preferably, the signal refresh frequency of the spectral signal receiver is 0.1-10 Hz.

Preferably, the light source generator is a unidirectional beam generator.

Preferably, the light source generator and the light splitter are arranged in a sealed casing, the light outlet on the sealed casing of the light source generator is made of light-transmitting material, and the light inlet and light outlet on the sealed casing of the light splitter are made of light-transmitting material.

The method for measuring the inclination of a fan tower by using the above-mentioned optical dispersion-based fan tower inclination monitoring device disclosed in the present application includes:

In the vertical plane where the spectral signal receiver is located, measure the wavelength signals of the monochromatic beams received at different heights, and establish the spatial vertical position and the corresponding relationship with the wavelength signal received by the spectral signal receiver corresponding to the position, complete the calibration;

The light source generator continuously emits mixed beams, which are separated into monochromatic beams of different wavelengths by the beam splitter and irradiated on the spectral signal receiver. The spectral signal receiver receives the wavelength signal at a preset refresh frequency. Analyze and compare the wavelength signals received at the set interval, and issue an alarm signal when the change value is greater than the set alarm threshold.

Preferably, a set of said fan tower tilt monitoring device based on optical dispersion is respectively installed in the orthogonal direction of the same height of the fan tower, and the data processing and analysis system respectively reads the data received by each spectral signal receiver. The wavelength signal calculates the uneven settlement value of the fan tower in different directions; the inclination angle of the fan tower is calculated through the wavelength signals received by the two opposite spectral signal receivers in the same direction.

Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial technical effects:

A device for monitoring the tilt of a fan tower based on optical dispersion disclosed in the present application uses a beam splitter to divide a light source with a known wavelength distribution into monochromatic lights of different wavelengths from top to bottom at a spatial height, and passes through the fan tower. The spectral signal receiver installed at the bottom obtains the monochromatic light information at a specific height position, and through the height-wavelength correspondence, the position information of the fan tower can be calculated and analyzed. When the fan tower is displaced, the wavelength signal received by the spectral signal receiver changes, and the change of the wavelength signal received by the spectral signal receiver can reflect the spatial position and inclination of the fan tower. Using the optical measurement method to realize the detection of the wind turbine tower has higher measurement accuracy than other methods, and the device of the present application is simple in construction, the cost of each component is low, easy to implement, and the safety of the wind turbine tower in the wind farm is improved. .

Further, the spectroscope adopts a triangular prism or grating, which can decompose a beam of synthesized light into monochromatic light with different wavelengths according to the different refraction and diffraction characteristics of light of different wavelengths, which is low in cost and easy to control; the resolution of the spectroscope is > 1nm. /mm, can obtain higher measurement accuracy.

Further, the spectral signal receiver adopts a spectral signal probe, which has fast response speed and high sensitivity.

Furthermore, the diameter of the spectral signal probe is less than 1 mm, which can match the resolution of the spectroscope to achieve higher measurement accuracy.

Further, the height of the spectral signal receiver from the ground is 10-20 cm, which can avoid the uncertain interference caused by the external environment near the ground and improve the measurement accuracy.

Further, the signal refresh frequency of the spectral signal receiver is 0.1-10 Hz, which can not only ensure the continuity and timeliness of monitoring, but also reduce the energy consumption of the system.

Further, the light source generator is a one-way beam generator, which has good light gathering properties, concentrated energy, and is easy to spread.

Further, the light source generator and the beam splitter are arranged in the sealed casing, which can avoid the interference of surrounding light to the greatest extent.

The method for measuring the inclination of a fan tower by using the above-mentioned optical dispersion-based fan tower inclination monitoring device disclosed in the present application can effectively improve the accuracy and sensitivity of the monitoring of the fan tower, improve the safety of the fan tower, and has good performance. application prospects.

Further, multiple devices are installed in the orthogonal direction at the bottom of the fan tower, which can realize multi-directional real-time monitoring of the inclination and settlement of the tower, and provide a sufficient data basis for observation and research.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the application;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the position change of the spectral signal receiver when the fan tower is tilted;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the change of the spectral signal received by the spectral signal receiver before and after the inclination of the fan tower;

4 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of installing multiple monitoring devices in the orthogonal direction at the bottom of the fan tower.

In the picture: 1-fan tower, 2-light source, 3-mixed beam, 4-beam splitter, 5-monochromatic beam, 6-spectral signal receiver, 7-data processing and analysis system.

Detailed ways

The application will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, and its content is to explain rather than limit the application:

The optical dispersion-based monitoring device for wind turbine tower inclination of the present application includes a light source generator 2 , a light splitter 4 , a spectral signal receiver 6 and a data processing and analysis system 7 .

The spectral signal receiver 6 is fixedly arranged on the wind turbine tower 1, and the light source generator 2 is fixedly arranged on the horizontal plane outside the wind turbine tower 1 facing the spectral signal receiver 6. Preferably, the height of the spectral signal receiver 6 from the ground is 10～20cm. The optical splitter 4 is arranged between the light source generator 2 and the spectral signal receiver 6, and the spectral signal receiver 6 is connected with the data processing and analysis system 7; the mixed beam 3 emitted by the light source generator 2 is separated into different wavelengths by the optical splitter 4 The monochromatic light beam 5 impinges on the spectral signal receiver 6 .

Preferably, the light source generator 2 and the light splitter 4 are arranged in a sealed casing, the light outlet on the sealed casing of the light source generator 2 is made of light-transmitting material, and the light inlet and light outlet on the sealed casing of the light splitter 4 are light-transmitting material.

The beam splitter 4 can use a triangular prism or a grating with a resolution of >1 nm/mm.

The spectral signal receiver 6 can use a spectral signal probe, and the diameter of the spectral signal probe is less than 1 mm; the signal refresh frequency of the spectral signal receiver 6 can be set to 0.1-10 Hz.

The light source generator is preferably a unidirectional beam generator.

The method for measuring the inclination of a fan tower using the above-mentioned optical dispersion-based fan tower inclination monitoring device includes:

In the vertical plane where the spectral signal receiver 6 is located, the wavelength signals of the monochromatic beam 5 received at different heights are measured, and the spatial vertical position and the wavelength signal received by the spectral signal receiver 6 corresponding to the position are established. The corresponding relationship is completed, and the calibration is completed; the light source generator 2 continuously emits the mixed beam 3, and the mixed beam 3 is separated into monochromatic beams 5 of different wavelengths by the optical splitter 4 and irradiated on the spectral signal receiver 6. The refresh frequency receives the wavelength signal, and the data processing and analysis system 7 analyzes and compares the wavelength signal received at the preset interval, and sends an alarm signal when the change value is greater than the set alarm threshold.

In a preferred embodiment of the present application, a set of the fan tower inclination monitoring device based on optical dispersion is respectively set in the orthogonal direction of the same height of the fan tower 1, and the data processing and analysis systems 7 are respectively Read the wavelength signal received by each spectral signal receiver 6 to calculate the uneven settlement value of the fan tower 1 in different directions; calculate the fan tower 1 through the wavelength signals received by the two spectral signal receivers 6 opposite in the same direction the inclination angle.

The rationale for this application:

The light or natural light emitted by the standard light source is generated by the superposition of several wavelengths of light, and the beam splitter 4 (such as a prism, grating, etc.) uses the different refraction and diffraction characteristics of light of different wavelengths to decompose a beam of synthesized light into Monochromatic light of different wavelengths. Taking advantage of this feature, a wind turbine tower inclination measurement device can be designed and implemented. Specifically, a light source 2 with a known wavelength distribution is passed through a beam splitter 4 and divided into monochromatic lights of different wavelengths, which show different wavelengths in sequence from top to bottom in space. From the naked eye, they show different colors. . A spectral signal receiver 6, such as a spectral signal probe, is installed at a corresponding position at a certain height from the ground at the bottom of the fan tower 1 to receive light from a specific position. For a specific wavelength, the height of the light source 2 is fixed, the relative position between the light source 2 and the beam splitter 4 is fixed, and the distance between the beam splitter 4 and the fan tower 1 is fixed, then the light source installed on the fan tower 1 is fixed. The spectral signal received by the spectral signal receiver 6 is only related to the position of the spectral signal receiver 6 . Once the fan tower 1 tilts or settles, the position of the spectral signal receiver 6 fixed on the wall of the fan tower 1 moves accordingly, and the light signal it receives changes accordingly. Before the formal installation and measurement, the calibration should be carried out first. In the vertical plane where the spectral signal receiver 6 is located, measure the wavelength signals of the monochromatic beam 5 received at different heights (accuracy: mm), and establish a spatial vertical position and the spectral signal receiver 6 corresponding to the position. The corresponding relationship of the received wavelength information. Through the light signal information captured by the spectral signal receiver 6, the inclination and settlement information of the wind turbine tower 1 is obtained.

In specific implementation, the spatial resolution of the signal is controlled by adjusting the structure of the optical splitter 4, such as the structure (base angle, etc.) of the triangular prism, and the distance from the optical splitter 4 to the spectral signal receiver 6. Generally speaking, in order to obtain higher measurement accuracy, the spatial resolution of the monochromatic light passing through the beam splitter 4 should be higher than 1 nm/mm. The diameter of the receiving probe of the spectral signal receiver 6 installed on the fan tower 1 should match the spatial resolution of the monochromatic beam, and its diameter should not be greater than 1 mm. The spectral signal receiver 6 on the wind turbine tower 1 is installed at a height of 10-20 cm from the ground, so as to avoid the uncertain interference caused by the external environment near the ground. The position of the light source 2 should be matched with the position of the spectral signal receiver 6 to ensure that the spectral signal receiver 6 can receive the optical signal from the optical splitter 4 in normal operation and when the fan tower 1 tilts and settles.

The application is further explained below with a specific embodiment:

As shown in Figure 1, a light source 2 with a known light intensity distribution is fixed at a distance _h1 from the ground. The mixed beam 3 emitted by the beam splitter 4 is separated into monochromatic beams 5 of different wavelengths on a vertical spatial scale. Adjust the distance l ₁ between the light source 2 and the beam splitter 4 and the distance l ₂ between the beam splitter 4 and the spectral signal receiver 6 on the wall of the fan tower 1, so that the monochromatic beam 5 after passing through the beam splitter 4 is in the vertical direction at the measurement point The spatial resolution is not less than 1nm/mm to ensure the accuracy of the measurement. Through pre-calibration, the corresponding relationship between the wavelength distribution of the monochromatic light beam 5 and the spatial height in the vertical height direction is determined. A spectral signal receiver 6 is installed at a position where the distance h2 from the bottom of the fan tower ₁ is 10-20 cm from the ground. It should be noted that the above h ₁ should be matched with h ₂ so that the spectral signal receiver 6 is within the coverage of the monochromatic light beam 5 . The signal received by the spectral signal receiver 6 is sent back to the data processing and analysis system 7. Through data analysis, the wavelength information received by the spectral signal receiver 6 at this time, that is, the position information of the fan tower 1 at this time, can be obtained.

When the fan tower 1 is inclined or unevenly settled in a certain direction, as shown in FIG. 2 , when the foundation of the fan tower 1 is inclined at an angle of β, the spectral signal receiver 6 installed on the wall of the fan tower 1 . The location changes accordingly. Due to the change of the position of the spectral signal receiver 6 in the height direction, the monochromatic light signal it receives will also change. Exemplarily, FIG. 3 shows the spectral signals received by the spectral signal receiver 6 before and after the wind turbine tower 1 is tilted. Excluding the influence of background light (from the surrounding environment), the spectral image scanned by the spectral signal receiver 6 will have an obvious peak at the wavelength λ ₁ it receives. The height position of 6 changes, the wavelength of the monochromatic light it receives changes, and the wavelength peak in the spectrum moves to the wavelength λ ₂ . According to the corresponding relationship between the height and the wavelength that has been calibrated in advance, the displacement change Δh of the fan tower 1 at the vertical height at this time is determined. The displacement of the spectral signal receiver 6 in the height direction is Δh=D×sinβ, where D is the diameter of the bottom of the fan tower 1 . It is generally considered that when the fan tower 1 is initially inclined, the angle β is small, so Δh≈D×β. Therefore, the inclination angle of the fan tower 1 at this time can be inversely calculated through the displacement.

According to the actual situation, the refresh frequency of the spectral signal receiver 6 can be set in an interval of 0.1-10 Hz. Taking the refresh frequency of 1Hz as an example, the light source 2 continuously emits the mixed beam 3, and the spectral signal receiver 6 collects the wavelength information it receives every 1 second and automatically uses the computer to process it, and the position information of the fan tower 1 at this time is obtained by deduction. . Comparing the information collected at different time intervals by subtraction, obtains the change information of the position of the fan tower 1 . When the position of the fan tower 1 changes abnormally or exceeds the set safety threshold, the computer will pop up an alarm window. The specific operation process is shown in Figure 4.

In order to obtain the inclination and settlement information of the fan tower 1 in different orientations, four sets of the fan tower inclination measuring devices of the present application are installed at the same height and orthogonal position at the bottom of the fan tower 1, as shown in FIG. 5, to realize different orientations. Real-time monitoring of the inclination and settlement of the fan tower 1. It should be noted that the uneven settlement of the fan tower 1 in different directions can be obtained by reading the light intensity information on each set of measuring devices respectively and deduced through the corresponding relationship, but the calculation of the inclination of the fan tower 1 needs to pass The signal superposition calculation of the opposite two spectral signal receivers 6 . For example, for two spectral signal receivers 6 arranged on the opposite wall of the wind turbine tower 1 (that is, the central angle is 180°), if one of them measures the settlement of the wind turbine tower 1 through the wavelength-height correspondence as Δh ₁ , the settlement of the fan tower 1 measured by another spectral signal receiver 6 is Δh ₂ , then the relative height deviation between the two spectral signal receivers 6 Δh=|Δh ₁ -Δh ₂ | Calculate β≈|Δh ₁ −Δh ₂ |/D.

It should be noted that the above description is only a part of the implementation manner of the present application, and equivalent changes made according to the system described in the present application are all included in the protection scope of the present application. Those skilled in the art to which this application pertains can substitute the specific examples described in a similar manner, as long as they do not deviate from the structure of the application or go beyond the scope defined by the claims, they all belong to the protection scope of the application.

Claims

A device for monitoring the inclination of a fan tower based on optical dispersion, characterized in that it comprises a light source generator (2), a spectroscope (4), a spectral signal receiver (6) and a data processing and analysis system (7);

The spectral signal receiver (6) is fixedly arranged on the fan tower (1), the light source generator (2) is facing the spectral signal receiver (6) and is fixedly arranged on a horizontal surface outside the fan tower (1), and the optical splitter ( 4) between the light source generator (2) and the spectral signal receiver (6), the spectral signal receiver (6) is connected with the data processing and analysis system (7); the mixed light beam ( 3) The monochromatic light beams (5) separated into different wavelengths by the spectroscope (4) are irradiated on the spectral signal receiver (6).
The device for monitoring the inclination of a fan tower based on light dispersion according to claim 1, characterized in that, the beam splitter (4) is a prism or a grating, and the resolution of the beam splitter (4) is greater than 1 nm/mm.
The device for monitoring the tilt of a fan tower based on optical dispersion according to claim 1, wherein the spectral signal receiver (6) is a spectral signal probe.
The device for monitoring the tilt of a fan tower based on optical dispersion according to claim 3, wherein the diameter of the spectral signal probe is less than 1 mm.
The device for monitoring the tilt of a fan tower based on optical dispersion according to claim 1, wherein the height of the spectral signal receiver (6) from the ground is 10-20 cm.
The device for monitoring the inclination of a fan tower based on optical dispersion according to claim 1, wherein the signal refresh frequency of the spectral signal receiver (6) is 0.1-10 Hz.
The device for monitoring the inclination of a fan tower based on light dispersion according to claim 1, wherein the light source generator (2) is a unidirectional beam generator.
The device for monitoring the inclination of fan towers based on light dispersion according to claim 1, wherein the light source generator (2) and the spectroscope (4) are arranged in a sealed casing, and the light source generator (2) is provided on the sealed casing of the light source generator (2). The light exit port of the optical splitter (4) is made of light-transmitting material, and the light-inlet and light-exit ports on the sealed casing of the optical splitter (4) are made of light-transmitting material.
The method for measuring the inclination of a fan tower by using the optical dispersion-based fan tower inclination monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, comprising:

In the vertical plane where the spectral signal receiver (6) is located, the wavelength signals of the monochromatic light beams (5) received at different heights are measured, and the spatial vertical position and the spectral signal receiver (6) corresponding to the position are established The corresponding relationship of the received wavelength signal, complete the calibration;

The light source generator (2) continuously emits a mixed light beam (3), and the mixed light beam (3) is separated into monochromatic light beams (5) of different wavelengths by a beam splitter (4) and is irradiated on the spectral signal receiver (6), and the spectral signal is received by the light source generator (2). The device (6) receives the wavelength signal at a preset refresh frequency, and the data processing and analysis system (7) analyzes and compares the wavelength signal received at the preset interval, and sends out when the change value is greater than the set alarm threshold. Alarm.
The method for monitoring the inclination of a fan tower by using a device for monitoring the inclination of a fan tower based on optical dispersion according to claim 9, characterized in that, in the orthogonal direction of the same height of the fan tower (1), a set of The optical dispersion-based fan tower inclination monitoring device is used, and the data processing and analysis system (7) reads the wavelength signals received by each spectral signal receiver (6) respectively and calculates the angle of the fan tower (1) in different directions. Uneven settlement value; calculate the inclination angle of the fan tower (1) through the wavelength signals received by the two spectral signal receivers (6) opposite in the same direction.