WO2022172757A1 - 成膜装置及び成膜方法 - Google Patents
成膜装置及び成膜方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022172757A1 WO2022172757A1 PCT/JP2022/002936 JP2022002936W WO2022172757A1 WO 2022172757 A1 WO2022172757 A1 WO 2022172757A1 JP 2022002936 W JP2022002936 W JP 2022002936W WO 2022172757 A1 WO2022172757 A1 WO 2022172757A1
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- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
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- C23C16/45527—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the ALD cycle, e.g. different flows or temperatures during half-reactions, unusual pulsing sequence, use of precursor mixtures or auxiliary reactants or activations
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45523—Pulsed gas flow or change of composition over time
- C23C16/45525—Atomic layer deposition [ALD]
- C23C16/45544—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the apparatus
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
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- C23C16/45565—Shower nozzles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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- C23C16/505—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating using electric discharges using radio frequency discharges
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/50—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating using electric discharges
- C23C16/505—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating using electric discharges using radio frequency discharges
- C23C16/509—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating using electric discharges using radio frequency discharges using internal electrodes
- C23C16/5096—Flat-bed apparatus
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/52—Controlling or regulating the coating process
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/32431—Constructional details of the reactor
- H01J37/3244—Gas supply means
- H01J37/32449—Gas control, e.g. control of the gas flow
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02225—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer
- H01L21/0226—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process
- H01L21/02263—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase
- H01L21/02271—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase deposition by decomposition or reaction of gaseous or vapour phase compounds, i.e. chemical vapour deposition
- H01L21/0228—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase deposition by decomposition or reaction of gaseous or vapour phase compounds, i.e. chemical vapour deposition deposition by cyclic CVD, e.g. ALD, ALE, pulsed CVD
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic System or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/28—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
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- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic System or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/28—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
- H01L21/283—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current
- H01L21/285—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation
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- H01J2237/32—Processing objects by plasma generation
- H01J2237/33—Processing objects by plasma generation characterised by the type of processing
- H01J2237/332—Coating
- H01J2237/3321—CVD [Chemical Vapor Deposition]
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a film forming apparatus and a film forming method.
- PEALD Pulsma Enhanced-ALD
- ALD Atomic Layer Deposition
- Patent Document 1 describes a technique for forming a film by activating a carrier gas of a film forming raw material and a reducing gas with plasma by supplying high-frequency power between a gas shower head and a lower electrode.
- the present disclosure provides a technique for improving throughput in forming a film on a substrate by alternately supplying a first processing gas and a second processing gas activated by plasma to the substrate.
- a film forming apparatus of the present disclosure includes a processing container in which a substrate is stored and which is evacuated so that an internal processing space becomes a vacuum atmosphere, and a first processing gas and a replacement for replacing the atmosphere of the processing space.
- a plasma generation chamber including a plasma generation mechanism for activating the second processing gas; an exhaust mechanism for exhausting the plasma generation chamber; a first flow path provided in the processing vessel for supplying the first processing gas to the processing space; a second flow path that is partitioned from the first flow path so that its downstream end is open to the processing space and its upstream end is connected to the plasma generation chamber, and is not opened or closed by a valve;
- the first process gas, the second process gas, and the replacement gas are supplied to the first flow path, the plasma generation chamber, and a replacement gas flow path for supplying
- a second processing gas activated by the plasma is provided at an arbitrary position in an exhaust path connecting the plasma generation chamber and the exhaust mechanism, and a supply destination of the second processing gas activated by the plasma is downstream of the position in the exhaust path and the processing space. and a diverting valve that opens and closes during repetition of the cycle to switch between and.
- the present disclosure it is possible to improve the throughput in forming a film on a substrate by alternately supplying the first processing gas and the second processing gas activated by plasma to the substrate.
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal side view showing a film forming apparatus according to one embodiment
- FIG. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a plasma generation chamber that constitutes the plasma generation unit of the first example
- 4 is a timing chart showing timings of gas supply and the like in an example of film formation processing performed in a film formation apparatus
- It is a longitudinal side view explaining the action of a film-forming apparatus.
- It is a longitudinal side view explaining the action of a film-forming apparatus.
- It is a longitudinal side view explaining the action of a film-forming apparatus.
- FIG. 5 is a longitudinal side view showing a second example of a plasma forming portion
- 1 is a longitudinal side view showing a first example of a gas showerhead;
- FIG. 5 is a longitudinal side view showing a second example of the gas showerhead;
- FIG. 11 is a longitudinal side view showing a third example of the gas showerhead;
- FIG. 11 is a longitudinal side view showing a fourth example of the gas showerhead;
- FIG. 11 is a longitudinal side view showing a fifth example of the gas showerhead;
- FIG. 11 is a longitudinal side view showing a third example of the plasma forming portion;
- FIG. 1 A film forming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
- FIG. The film forming apparatus 1 of the present disclosure forms, for example, a Ti (titanium) film on a wafer W, which is a substrate, by PEALD (Plasma Enhanced Atomic Layer Deposition).
- the film forming apparatus 1 stores the wafer W and includes, for example, a circular processing container 11 forming a processing space 10 .
- a mounting table 12 on which the wafer W is mounted is provided inside the processing container 11 , and a heater 13 for heating the wafer W to a processing temperature is embedded in the mounting table 12 .
- an electrode 14 is embedded in the mounting table 12 of this example, and a high frequency power supply 16 is connected via a matching device 15 .
- the high-frequency power source 16 is for applying high-frequency power (high-frequency bias) for attracting ions to the wafer W to the mounting table 12 .
- the mounting table 12 is provided with an elevating mechanism (not shown) for the wafer W. As shown in FIG.
- the ceiling of the processing container 11 is configured as a circular gas shower head 2 that supplies gas to the wafer W in a shower shape.
- the gas shower head 2 is made of a conductive material and grounded.
- a lower surface 20 of the gas shower head 2 is formed to be larger than, for example, the wafer W mounted on the mounting table 12 in plan view, and has a plurality of first wafers vertically formed so as to open to the processing space 10, respectively. and a plurality of second ejection holes 22 .
- the first discharge holes 21 are distributed over the entire lower surface 20 of the gas shower head 2 . Further, inside the gas shower head 2 , a first gas diffusion space 23 common to each of the first ejection holes 21 is formed on the upstream side of the first ejection holes 21 . Therefore, all first discharge holes 21 are connected to the first gas diffusion space 23 .
- the first flow path provided in the processing container 11 includes a first discharge hole 21 and a first gas diffusion space 23, and is a flow path for a first processing gas, which will be described later. It is also used as a flow path for the replacement gas.
- the second discharge holes 22 are distributed over the entire lower surface 20 of the gas shower head 2 . Further, inside the gas shower head 2 , a second gas diffusion space 24 common to each of the second ejection holes 22 is formed on the upstream side of the second ejection holes 22 . Therefore, all the second discharge holes 22 are connected to the second gas diffusion space 24 .
- the second flow path is configured with a second discharge hole 22 and a second gas diffusion space 24, and is provided so as to partition the first flow path.
- the second gas diffusion space 24 is positioned above the first gas diffusion space 23 .
- the first gas diffusion space 23 is connected to a first processing gas supply source 32 and a second processing gas supply source 33 via a first gas supply path 31, respectively.
- the second gas diffusion space 24 is connected to a second processing gas supply source 33 by a second gas supply path 34 via a plasma generation chamber 40 which will be described later.
- reference numerals 35, 36 and 37 indicate flow control valves, respectively.
- the gas supply mechanism of the present disclosure includes a first process gas supply 32 , a second process gas supply 33 , a first gas supply 31 and a second gas supply 34 .
- Ar gas is also used as the replacement gas, and the second processing gas and the replacement gas are configured to be supplied from the common supply source 33 .
- the first processing gas and the replacement gas are discharged from the first discharge holes 21 into the processing space 10 via the first gas supply path 31 and the first gas diffusion space 23 .
- the reaction gas activated by the plasma is discharged from the second discharge holes 22 into the processing space 10 via the second gas diffusion space 24 .
- the description will be continued with the first processing gas as the material gas and the second processing gas as the reaction gas.
- a plasma generation chamber 40 is stacked on the upper surface of the gas shower head 2 .
- a plurality of plasma generation chambers 40 are combined to form a plasma forming section 4, and this plasma forming section 4 is a first example.
- the plasma generation chamber 40 will be described with reference to FIG.
- the plasma generation chamber 40 includes, for example, a tubular body 41 forming an annular space for forming plasma, and a plasma for generating a plasma current that flows when the gas is turned into plasma so as to circulate inside the tubular body 41. and a generation mechanism 5 .
- the tubular body 41 has a metal wall.
- the tubular body 41 is rectangular and has an upright annular shape, so that the aforementioned annular space is formed inside the tubular body 41 .
- the tubular body 41 is provided in such a posture that the plane including the annular space is perpendicular to the horizontal direction. More specifically, the tubular body 41 has two parts (referred to as horizontal parts) extending horizontally along the upper surface of the gas shower head 2, and these horizontal parts are vertically separated from each other.
- the tubular body 41 has two portions (referred to as vertical portions) extending in the vertical direction so as to connect both ends of the horizontal portions, respectively, and the vertical portions are provided laterally apart from each other. .
- the tubular body 41 is formed with an inlet 42 for supplying reaction gas thereinto, and a first outlet 43 and a second outlet 44 for discharging the reaction gas activated by the plasma.
- the first outlet 43 opens upward at one of the two vertical portions.
- the second outlet 44 opens downward at the other vertical portion of the two.
- the inlet 42 is opened to the side of the one vertical portion, for example.
- the tube 41 has a dielectric 45 to prevent the plasma current formed in the annular space from dissipating along the walls.
- each of the above horizontal portions has a configuration in which pipes are joined together via a dielectric 45 .
- the plasma generation mechanism 5 is formed by spirally winding a copper wire around a ring-shaped magnetic core (yoke) 51 provided so as to surround a portion of the wall of the tubular body 41 and a portion of the yoke 51. It has a coil 52 and a high frequency power supply 54 (see FIG. 1) that supplies power to the coil 52 .
- the electric current (1) flowing through the coil 52 generates an annular yoke magnetic field (2) so as to surround the inside of the yoke 51, that is, the circumference of the tubular body 41. .
- reaction gas when supplied from the inlet 42 into the tubular body 41, it is turned into plasma by the yoke magnetic field (2), and a toroidal plasma current (3) circulating in the annular space within the tubular body 41 is generated.
- Gases activated by plasma include radicals and ions. Then, the activated reaction gas is discharged from the first outlet 43 or the second outlet 44 as described later.
- the plasma generating section 4 has a structure in which a plurality of plasma generating chambers 40 are installed. are arranged as The coil 52 of each plasma generating mechanism 5 is configured to be supplied with high frequency power of, for example, 400 kHz from a common high frequency power supply 54 .
- Reference numeral 55 in FIG. 1 denotes a matching unit, and high-frequency power is supplied to each coil 52 from a common high-frequency power source 54 in the same phase.
- the high-frequency power supply 54 for plasma generation is assumed to be the first high-frequency power supply
- the high-frequency power supply 16 for bias power application is assumed to be the second high-frequency power supply.
- each plasma generation chamber 40 is connected to the second processing gas supply source 33 through the second gas supply path 34 as described above. Furthermore, each plasma generation chamber 40 is provided such that its respective second outlet 44 is connected to the second gas diffusion space 24 formed in the gas showerhead 2 . In this way, the second flow path whose downstream end is open to the processing space 10 and whose upstream end is connected to the plasma generation chamber 40 has a configuration in which opening and closing by a valve is not performed.
- an exhaust space (common exhaust space) 46 common to each plasma generation chamber 40 is provided above the plurality of plasma generation chambers 40, and each plasma generation chamber 40 has its first outlet 43. It is connected to the common exhaust space 46 via.
- the common exhaust space 46 is connected to a first exhaust mechanism 63 via a first exhaust path 62 having a supply destination changing valve 61 .
- the supply destination changing valve 61 is provided so as to be close to the common exhaust space 46 . More specifically, the supply destination changing valve 61 is stacked above the member forming the common exhaust space 46, for example.
- the bottom of the processing container 11 is connected to a second exhaust mechanism 66 via a second exhaust path 65 having a valve 64 .
- the first exhaust mechanism 63 and the second exhaust mechanism 66 are composed of vacuum pumps, for example.
- the supply destination changing valve 61 is arranged so that the supply destination of the reactant gas activated by plasma is switched between the downstream side of the position where the supply destination changing valve 61 is provided in the first exhaust path 62 and the processing space 10 . It opens and closes at More specifically, the reaction gas is switched between being exhausted by the first exhaust mechanism 63 and being exhausted by the second exhaust mechanism 66 . As will be described later, the processing chamber 11 is evacuated by the second exhaust mechanism 66 so that the processing space 10 becomes a vacuum atmosphere during the film formation process. When the supply destination change valve 61 is opened in this state, the inside of the plasma generation chamber 40 is exhausted by the first exhaust mechanism 63, and the reaction gas activated by the plasma is supplied to the downstream side of the first exhaust path 62. become.
- the balance between the exhaust amounts by the first exhaust mechanism 63 and the second exhaust mechanism 66 and the conductance of the flow path are set so as to form such a reaction gas flow.
- the first exhaust mechanism 63 prevents the reaction gas from leaking from the second discharge hole 22 when the supply destination changing valve 61 is opened. more exhausted.
- the supply destination changing valve 61 when the supply destination changing valve 61 is closed, the inside of the plasma generation chamber 40 is exhausted by the second exhaust mechanism 66 provided at the bottom of the processing container 11, so the reaction gas activated by the plasma is supplied to , becomes the processing space 10 .
- the reactant gas activated by plasma is exhausted by the first exhaust mechanism 63 without passing through the processing space 10 when it is not necessary to supply it to the processing space 10. No valve is provided in the channel connecting the plasma generation chamber 40 and the processing space 10 to each other.
- the first exhaust mechanism 63 exhausts gas from above the plasma generation chamber 40
- the second exhaust mechanism 66 exhausts gas from the bottom of the processing container 11 . Therefore, the exhaust by the first exhaust mechanism 63 may be described as upper exhaust, and the exhaust by the second exhaust mechanism 66 may be described as lower exhaust.
- a loading/unloading port (not shown) for loading/unloading the wafer W is formed in the side wall of the processing container 11 so as to be openable/closable by a gate valve.
- the film forming apparatus 1 is provided with a control section 100 configured by a computer, and the control section 100 is provided with a program.
- This program incorporates instructions so that a control signal can be sent from the control unit 100 to each unit of the film forming apparatus 1, and processing described later can be executed. Specifically, the operation of each valve such as the supply destination changing valve 61, the heater 13 of the mounting table 12, the high frequency power sources 16 and 54, the first and second exhaust mechanisms 63 and 66, etc. is controlled by the above program. be done.
- This program is stored in a storage medium such as a compact disc, hard disk, memory card, DVD, etc. and installed in the control unit 100 .
- FIG. 4 to 6 solid lines indicate the flow of the material gas, dashed lines indicate the flow of the reaction gas, and dashed lines indicate the flow of the replacement gas.
- a gate valve (not shown) is opened, the wafer W is carried into the processing container 11 and mounted on the mounting table 12, and the mounting table 12 is heated by the heater 13 to a preset temperature.
- the valve 37 is opened to supply the reaction gas (second processing gas) from the inlet 42 of each plasma generation chamber 40, and high frequency power is supplied from the first high frequency power source 54 to the coil 52 of each plasma generation mechanism 5.
- the supply destination change valve 61 is opened and the first exhaust mechanism 63 performs upward exhaust.
- the reaction gas When high-frequency power is supplied from the first high-frequency power supply 54 to each plasma generating mechanism 5, the reaction gas is activated by plasma in the tubular body 41 as described above. Then, the activated reaction gas is discharged from the first exhaust path 62 to the first exhaust mechanism 63 via the first outlet 43 because the supply destination changing valve 61 is open. As shown in FIG. 3, the supply of the reactive gas to the plasma forming section 4 and the application of the high frequency power from the first high frequency power supply 54 to the plasma forming section 4 are continuously performed during the film formation process. .
- valve 36 is opened to start supplying the replacement gas
- valve 64 is opened to start downward evacuation by the second evacuation mechanism 66, thereby evacuating the processing space 10 to a vacuum atmosphere. Thereafter, downward exhaust by the second exhaust mechanism 66 is continuously performed.
- the replacement gas is supplied to the first gas diffusion space 23 of the gas shower head 2 and discharged from the first discharge holes 21 into the processing space 10 .
- the valve 36 is closed to stop the supply of the replacement gas, while the valve 35 is opened to start the supply of the material gas (first processing gas).
- the material gas is discharged into the processing space 10 from the first discharge holes 21 through the first gas diffusion space 23 of the gas shower head 2 .
- the supply of the reaction gas and the application of the high frequency power from the first high frequency power supply 54 are continued.
- exhaust is also performed by the first exhaust mechanism 63 in addition to the second exhaust mechanism 66 .
- the pressure loss in the gas shower head 2 and the balance between the exhaust amounts of the upper exhaust and the lower exhaust are controlled so that the flow toward the plasma generation chamber 40 is suppressed.
- the material gas and the reaction gas are prevented from reacting in the channels of the gas shower head 2 and the plasma generation chamber 40 and forming films on the walls of the channels and the plasma generation chamber 40 .
- step S1 TiCl 4 as a film forming material is supplied into the processing space 10 and adsorbed on the entire surface of the wafer W (step S1).
- the valve 35 is closed to stop the supply of the material gas, while the valve 36 is opened to start the supply of the replacement gas.
- the replacement gas is supplied to the processing space 10 through the first discharge holes 21 of the gas shower head 2, thereby purging the inside of the processing container 11 and leaving a residual gas in the processing container 11. Eliminate the material gas to be used (step S2). Even when the replacement gas is supplied, the balance between the supply flow rate of the replacement gas and the exhaust is controlled so as to suppress the inflow of the replacement gas into the plasma generating chamber 40 .
- the valve 36 is closed to stop the supply of the replacement gas
- the supply destination changing valve 61 is closed to stop the upper exhaust by the first exhaust mechanism 63, and the reactant gas (second gas ) to the processing space 10.
- the supply destination changing valve 61 is closed, the supply destination of the reaction gas is switched to the processing space 10 side as described above. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, it is discharged into the processing space 10 through the second discharge holes 22 .
- reaction gas when the reaction gas is supplied to the processing chamber 11 , high-frequency power for high-frequency bias is applied by the second high-frequency power supply 16 , and an electric field is generated between the mounting table 12 and the lower surface 20 of the gas shower head 2 . is formed. Due to the formation of the electric field, ions contained in the reaction gas activated by the plasma are pulled into the wafer W. As shown in FIG. Therefore, the reactive gas activated by the plasma containing a relatively large number of ions reacts with the TiCl 4 gas adsorbed on the wafer W to reduce the TiCl 4 and form a Ti film on the wafer W (step S3). ).
- the application of the high-frequency bias to the mounting table 12 is used for the purpose of controlling the amount of ions drawn into the wafer W according to the type of film forming process, and is not necessarily performed. It can be implemented as needed.
- a surplus portion of the reaction gas supplied to the processing space 10 is exhausted from the processing space 10 by the second exhaust mechanism 66 .
- the supply destination changing valve 61 is opened to start upward exhaust by the first exhaust mechanism 63, and the valve 36 is opened to start supplying the replacement gas.
- the reaction gas in the plasma generation chamber 40 activated by the plasma is again exhausted by the first exhaust mechanism 63 through the first exhaust path 62, and only the replacement gas is discharged through the first discharge hole. 21 into the processing space 10 .
- the replacement gas supplied into the processing space 10 is exhausted by the second exhaust mechanism 66 .
- the inside of the processing container 11 is purged to remove the activated reaction gas remaining in the processing container 11 (step S4).
- the reaction gas is constantly activated by plasma in the plasma generation chamber 40 during the film formation process, and the supply destination of the activated reaction gas is changed by the supply destination changing valve 61. It is switched between the downstream side of the valve 61 for processing and the processing space 10 . For this reason, the supply and interruption of the reaction gas to the processing space 10 can be controlled only by opening and closing the supply destination changing valve 61 during the repeated cycle of ALD. Therefore, compared to the case of activating the reaction gas with plasma each time the reaction gas is supplied, the time required for plasma ignition is eliminated, and throughput can be improved.
- the reaction gas activated by the plasma in the plasma generation chamber 40 is supplied through the second discharge holes 22 of the gas shower head 2 .
- the reactive gas is supplied to the surface of the wafer W with high uniformity and dispersion. Therefore, according to this embodiment, the film formation process with good in-plane uniformity of the wafer W can be performed.
- the material gas is also supplied to the wafer W through the gas shower head 2, the film formation process can be performed with better in-plane uniformity of the wafer W more reliably.
- the plasma generation chamber 40 is stacked on the gas shower head 2 and the second outlet 44 is connected to the gas shower head 2, plasma is generated near the wafer W placed in the processing container 11, It is quickly supplied to the processing space 10 . Therefore, even if the flow path of the gas shower head 2 is interposed between the plasma generation chamber 40 and the processing space 10, deactivation of the plasma is suppressed, and the film formation process of the wafer W is performed with high-density plasma. be able to.
- the plasma generation unit 4 has a plurality of plasma generation chambers 40 arranged side by side, the uniformity of the density of the plasma supplied to each part of the second gas diffusion space 24 in the gas shower head 2 can be raised. Therefore, by arranging the plasma generation chamber 40 as described above, the uniformity of the plasma processing in each portion of the wafer W can be further improved.
- a common exhaust space 46 is provided for a plurality of plasma generation chambers 40, and a common supply destination changing valve 61 is used to switch the supply destination of the reactant gas activated by plasma. Therefore, even when a plurality of plasma generation chambers 40 are provided, only one supply destination changing valve 61 is required, which facilitates switching control and simplifies the configuration. Further, in this example, a supply destination changing valve 61 is provided near the plasma generation chamber 40 . Therefore, when the supply destination changing valve 61 is switched from the closed state to the open state, the reactive gas can be rapidly discharged from the plasma generation chamber 40 to the first exhaust path 62 . That is, the flow direction of the reaction gas can be quickly changed, and the inflow into the processing space 10 when not required can be more reliably suppressed.
- the mounting table 12 has a structure capable of applying a high-frequency bias, and the gas shower head 2 is grounded. For this reason, a plasma-activated reaction gas is supplied from the gas shower head 2 to the processing space 10, and depending on the type of film forming process, a high-frequency bias is applied to the mounting table 12 to draw ions into the wafer W. can be done.
- the film forming process is not limited to the Ti film forming example described above. Depending on the type of film formation process, the introduction of ions may improve the quality of the film. Therefore, a configuration in which the supply of the activated reaction gas and the attraction of ions can be controlled independently of each other is effective. is.
- the gas shower head 2 facing the entire surface of the wafer W is configured as a ground electrode, an electric field is formed over the entire surface of the wafer W when high-frequency power is supplied to the mounting table 12. is pulled in within the surface of the wafer W with high uniformity. Therefore, the uniformity of the processing within the surface of the wafer W is improved also from this point.
- the plasma generating section 4A of this example is configured such that when a plurality of plasma generating chambers 40 are provided, each plasma generating chamber 40 is provided with a supply destination changing valve 61A.
- the first outlet 43 of each plasma generation chamber 40 is connected to a common first exhaust mechanism 63 via each exhaust path 62A, and each exhaust path 62A is provided with a supply destination changing valve 61A.
- illustration is omitted except for the configuration related to the plasma forming section 4A, the other members are configured in the same manner as in the first embodiment.
- the opening and closing operations of the supply destination changing valves 61A of the respective plasma generation chambers 40 are performed in unison, and the opening and closing of these supply destination changing valves 61A are controlled by the control unit 100 as in the above-described first embodiment. similarly controlled.
- the plasma generating section 4 does not necessarily have to be configured by arranging a plurality of plasma generating chambers 40 .
- the configuration may be such that the plasma generation chamber 40 shown in FIG. 7 is used alone.
- FIG. 8 is a longitudinal side view schematically showing an enlarged view of the gas shower head 2 described above.
- a supplementary description of the second outlet holes 22 of the gas shower head 2 will be given.
- Side walls 71 forming the first outlet holes 21 and the second outlet holes 22 extend in the vertical direction.
- the side wall 71 forming the first discharge hole 21 is shown to form a constricted portion by protruding toward the center of the hole at its lower portion. Constriction may not be provided.
- the gas showerhead 2 may be described as a first example.
- the gas shower head 2A of this example differs from the gas shower head 2 of the first example in that the second discharge holes 221 (corresponding to the second discharge holes 22 of the first example) widen downward.
- the second discharge holes 221 corresponding to the second discharge holes 22 of the first example
- it has a tapered shape (that is, a tapered shape that narrows upward).
- Others are configured in the same manner as the gas shower head 2 of the first example.
- the radicals that make up the plasma are easily deactivated by colliding with the walls that form the flow path. Since the second ejection hole 221 has the shape described above, the radicals that have entered the second ejection hole 221 are directed toward the processing space 10 below, and the side wall 711 forming the second ejection hole 221 is removed. is less likely to collide with the second discharge hole 221 , the second discharge hole 221 is less likely to be deactivated.
- the pressure loss of the second discharge hole 221 is determined by the portion with the smallest hole diameter. Since the second discharge hole 221 has the shape described above, the hole diameter on the upper side can be made relatively small. Therefore, the pressure loss of the gas flowing from the processing space 10 to the second discharge hole 221 is made relatively large, and the flow of the gas from the second discharge hole 221 to the second gas diffusion space 24 can be ensured. can be prevented. That is, according to the gas shower head 2A, deactivation of radicals can be suppressed and relatively high-density plasma can be supplied to the wafer W, and the material gas in the processing space 10 can be discharged through the second discharge holes 221. It is more reliably prevented from entering the gas shower head 2A and reacting with the reaction gas.
- a third example of the gas showerhead will be described with reference to FIG.
- the difference between the gas shower head 2B of this example and the gas shower head 2A of the second example is that the third discharge holes 25 for discharging gas are formed in the second discharge holes 221 .
- the third discharge hole 25 opens in the side wall 711 forming the second discharge hole 221 .
- the gas shower head 2B has a third gas diffusion space 72 between the first gas diffusion space 23 and the second gas diffusion space 24, and the third discharge holes 25 are located in this third gas diffusion space. It is connected to the gas diffusion space 72 .
- the third discharge hole 25 is formed to discharge gas obliquely downward, and the opening direction of the third discharge hole 25 faces the side wall 711 . Therefore, the third discharge hole 25 in the side wall 711 discharges gas downward from its opening position.
- the third gas diffusion space 72 is connected to the second process gas source 33 via a third gas supply line 30 having a valve 38 .
- the third gas supply channel 30 and the third gas diffusion space 72 form a third channel separated from the first channel and the second channel. That is, the second processing gas supplied from the third gas supply path 30 to the gas shower head 2B is not supplied to the first gas diffusion space 23 and the second gas diffusion space 24, but is supplied to the third gas diffusion space. It is supplied to the diffusion space 72 and discharged from the third discharge hole 25 . In this manner, the gas is supplied to the third discharge holes 25 from the supply source 33 of the second processing gas.
- this gas is used as a replacement gas (purge gas) and as a sealing gas for the ejection holes, but for the sake of convenience, it is described as a replacement gas.
- the gas shower head 2B in addition to the first gas diffusion space 23 and the first discharge holes 21, the gas supply path 30, the third gas diffusion space 72 and the third discharge holes 25 also have passages for replacement gas. configured as
- the material gas and the replacement gas are discharged from the first discharge holes 21 at the same timing as described in the steps S1 to S4, and the plasma is generated from the second discharge holes 221.
- Activated reaction gas is discharged.
- the replacement gas flows from the third discharge hole 25 into the second discharge hole 221 via the third gas diffusion space 72 . is discharged to During the period in which the supply destination changing valve 61 is closed and the reaction gas is supplied to the processing space 10, the discharge of the replacement gas from the third discharge hole 25 is stopped.
- the second discharge hole 221 is sealed by the replacement gas discharged from the third discharge hole 25 when the supply destination changing valve 61 is opened and upward exhaust is performed. Therefore, the flow of the replacement gas prevents the reactant gas activated by the plasma from leaking into the processing space 10 and prevents the material gas from flowing into the plasma forming section 4 .
- the third discharge hole 25 By forming the third discharge hole 25 to discharge gas downward, a gas flow of the replacement gas is formed from the plasma forming part 4 toward the processing container 11 . As a result, the material gas is pushed out toward the processing space 10 by this gas flow, and it is possible to further suppress the material gas from flowing toward the plasma forming section 4 .
- the gas discharged from the third discharge holes 25 in this manner is exhausted through the processing space 10 . Therefore, the gas discharged from the third discharge hole 25 plays a role of sealing the second discharge hole 221 (forming a gas curtain) as described above during execution of steps S1, S2, and S4. Then, during execution of steps S2 and S4, it acts as a replacement gas for replacing the atmosphere in the processing container 10 together with the replacement gas discharged from the first discharge hole 21 .
- the gas ejection from the third ejection holes 25 may be performed only when the step S1 is executed.
- the gas discharged from the third discharge hole 25 may be used only for the purpose of sealing the second discharge hole 221 and may not be used as the replacement gas.
- a fourth example of the gas showerhead will be described with reference to FIG.
- the gas shower head 2C of this example differs from the gas shower head 2B of the third example in that the opening direction of the third ejection holes 251 corresponding to the third ejection holes 25 is horizontal. Since only the material gas is supplied to one gas diffusion space 23 , the replacement gas is supplied only to the third gas diffusion space 72 out of the first gas diffusion space 23 and the third gas diffusion space 72 . Is Rukoto. Accordingly, in the gas shower head 2C, the replacement gas is not discharged from the first discharge holes 21, unlike each example described above. Others are configured in the same manner as the gas shower head 2C of the third example. As described above, the opening direction of the third discharge hole is not limited to the downward direction. In order to quickly purge the processing space 10, it is preferable to direct it downward as in the third example.
- the material gas is discharged from the first discharge holes 21 and the reactant gas activated by the plasma is discharged from the second discharge holes 221 in the above-described step S1.
- the replacement gas flows from the third discharge hole 251 through the third gas diffusion space 72 to the second discharge hole. 221 is discharged.
- the flow of the replacement gas prevents the activated reaction gas from leaking into the processing space 10 and also prevents the material gas from flowing into the plasma generating chamber 40 .
- the replacement gas discharged from the third discharge holes 25 and 251 flows from the second gas diffusion space 24 into the processing space. Acts as a gas curtain to prevent reaction gas from leaking to 10 . Therefore, without providing the supply destination changing valve 61, the first exhaust path 62, and the first exhaust mechanism 63, the gas curtain suppresses the inflow of the reaction gas activated by the plasma into the processing space 10 side. good too.
- the replacement gas is ejected from the third ejection holes 25 and 251, and this replacement gas Inflow of the reaction gas into the processing space 10 is suppressed.
- the reactant gas activated by the plasma is stored in the flow path from the plasma generation chamber 40 to the second gas diffusion space 24 .
- the step of supplying the reaction gas to the processing space 10 like the above-described step S3 ejection of the replacement gas from the third ejection holes 25 and 251 is stopped.
- the stored reaction gas is discharged from the second discharge hole 22 into the processing space 20 .
- the gas shower head 2D of this example differs from the gas shower heads 2 to 2C described above in that the second gas diffusion space 24 is provided with a regulation portion 200 .
- the surface defining the lower end of the second gas diffusion space 24 is defined as the bottom surface 202 .
- the restricting portion 200 is provided apart from the lower end and the upper end of the second gas diffusion space 24 , is configured as, for example, a plate-like body, and is provided horizontally so as to face the bottom surface 202 .
- the restricting portion 200 includes through holes 201 formed in the vertical direction, more specifically, in the vertical direction, at positions not overlapping the second discharge holes 22 in plan view. Also, the restricting portion 200 in this example is made of a dielectric.
- the gas shower head 2 of the first example is provided with the regulating portion 200 , and the rest of the configuration is similar to that of the gas shower head 2 .
- the regulation part 200 is provided so as to overlap the second discharge hole 22 when viewed from the processing space 10 side.
- a relatively small gap is formed between the bottom surface 202 and the lower surface of the regulating portion 200, and the passage is narrowed. Therefore, the pressure loss when the gas in the processing space 10 flows to the second gas diffusion space 24 is relatively large. Therefore, it is possible to more reliably prevent the material gas from flowing from the processing space 10 into the second gas diffusion space 24 and the plasma generation chamber 40 and reacting with the reaction gas.
- Radicals in the reactive gas supplied from the plasma generation chamber 40 are bent by the provision of the regulation portion 200, and pass through the flow path including the relatively small gap to reach the second discharge hole. 22 and will be supplied to the processing space 10 . Therefore, by providing the regulation part 200, the pressure loss of the radicals also increases, and the flow rate toward the processing space 10 is restricted. By appropriately setting the distance between the regulating portion 200 and the bottom surface 202, the pressure loss of the radicals is made appropriate, the flow rate of the radicals is adjusted, and the quality of the film formed on the wafer W is optimized. can be done.
- the regulating portion 200 since the regulating portion 200 is made of a dielectric, it has a function of trapping ions contained in the reactant gas activated by the plasma. Although the reaction gas contains radicals and ions as described above, the ions are removed by contact with the dielectric on the surface of the restricting portion 200 . Therefore, the amount of ions in the reaction gas can be controlled, and the quality of the film formed on the wafer W can be adjusted as desired. In order to trap ions in this manner, at least the surface of the restricting portion 200 should be made of a dielectric material. In the case where the regulating portion 200 traps ions, the second high-frequency power source 16 may or may not supply power to the mounting table 12 for bias formation.
- the plasma forming section 4B of this example utilizes inductively coupled plasma (ICP).
- the plasma generation unit 4B includes a plasma generation chamber 81 made of, for example, a dielectric cylinder with a bottom and a lid, and a coil 82 wound around the plasma generation chamber 81. It is configured to apply high frequency power.
- the plasma generation mechanism 84 is configured with a coil 82 and a high frequency power source 83 .
- the plasma generation chamber 81 is connected to the reaction gas supply source 33 via the second gas supply path 34 , and the reaction gas is supplied into the plasma generation chamber 81 by opening the valve 37 .
- the plasma generation chamber 81 has a first outlet 85 and a second outlet 86 on its upper and lower surfaces, respectively.
- a first outlet 85 is connected to the first exhaust mechanism 63 by a first exhaust path 62 having a supply destination diverting valve 61 , and a second outlet 86 is connected to the second gas diffusion space 24 of the gas showerhead 2 . configured to be connected to
- the supply destination changing valve 61 is opened and the inside of the plasma generation chamber 81 is exhausted by the first exhaust mechanism 63 .
- the high-frequency power is applied to the coil 82 from the high-frequency power supply 83 while the reaction gas is caused to flow.
- a high voltage and a high frequency fluctuating magnetic field are obtained at the same time, an inductively coupled plasma is generated, and the reaction gas is activated by the plasma.
- the rest of the configuration and the method of the film forming process are the same as those of the film forming apparatus 1 of the first embodiment, and even when this plasma forming section 4B is used, they are the same as those of the film forming apparatus 1 of the first embodiment. effect can be obtained.
- the film forming apparatus 1 of the present disclosure can use various plasma generation sources with different generation methods as the plasma forming unit.
- the time it takes for plasma to ignite and stabilize varies depending on the generation method, but in the technology of the present disclosure, plasma is constantly generated in the plasma generation chamber, and is activated by the plasma by opening and closing the valve for changing the supply destination. It is possible to control the supply and cutoff of the reactant gas to the processing space. Therefore, even if the time required for ignition and stabilization differs depending on the type of plasma, the supply time of the reaction gas activated by the plasma is not affected, so design of the film forming apparatus 1 is facilitated.
- the combination with the second processing gas is not limited to this.
- the second processing gas (reactive gas) other than Ar, other inert gas such as N 2 (nitrogen) gas or H 2 (hydrogen) gas may be used.
- a gas obtained by combining Ar gas with an inert gas or H 2 gas may be used.
- the deposition apparatus of the present disclosure is applicable to deposition of TiN film, W film, WN film, TaN film, and TaCN film in addition to Ti film.
- the present invention may be applied to the deposition of films other than metal films, such as the deposition of films containing silicon.
- the plasma generation chamber provided with the plasma generation mechanism is not limited to the above examples, and may be a high-frequency parallel plate type capacitive coupling or a VHF (Very High Frequency), microwaves or the like may be used to generate plasma.
- VHF Very High Frequency
- the supply destination changing valve 61 is not limited to being provided at the position described above, and can be provided at any position in the first exhaust passage 62 . However, if the plasma generation chamber 40 is too far away from the first exhaust mechanism 63 side, it may become difficult to quickly switch the flow direction of the exhaust gas in the plasma generation chamber 40 . are preferably spaced appropriately.
- the first exhaust mechanism 63 and the second exhaust mechanism 66 are provided as the exhaust mechanism for upper exhaust and the exhaust mechanism for lower exhaust, respectively, but the exhaust mechanisms may be shared. Specifically, the downstream side of the valve 64 of the second exhaust path 65 is connected to the downstream side of the supply destination changing valve 61 of the first exhaust path 62, and each of the processing space 10 and the plasma generation chamber 40 is connected to the first exhaust path. may be exhausted by the exhaust mechanism 63 .
- the configuration is not limited to supplying the reaction gas activated by the plasma in the plasma generation chamber 40 to the processing space 10 via the gas shower head 2 .
- a nozzle may be provided on the top plate or side wall of the processing container 11, and the nozzle and the plasma generation chamber 40 may be connected by a pipe so that the activated reaction gas is discharged from the nozzle.
- the reaction gas is continuously supplied to the plasma generation chamber 40 and the plasma is formed during the film formation process. , S2 and S4 for a short period of time.
- continuous operation is preferable because the above-described problem of plasma ignition can be solved more reliably.
Abstract
Description
前記第2の処理ガスを活性化するためのプラズマ生成機構を備えるプラズマ生成室と、
前記プラズマ生成室を排気する排気機構と、
前記第1の処理ガスを前記処理空間に供給するために前記処理容器に設けられる第1の流路と、
下流端が前記処理空間に開放されると共に上流端が前記プラズマ生成室に接続されるように前記第1の流路に対して区画されて設けられ、バルブにより開閉されない第2の流路と、
前記第1の流路、前記プラズマ生成室、前記置換ガスを前記処理空間に供給するための置換ガス用の流路に、前記第1の処理ガス、前記第2の処理ガス、前記置換ガスを夫々供給するガス供給機構と、
前記プラズマ生成室と前記排気機構とを接続する排気路における任意の位置に設けられ、前記プラズマにより活性化した第2の処理ガスの供給先が前記排気路における前記位置の下流側と前記処理空間との間で切り替わるように、前記サイクルの繰り返しの実施中に開閉する供給先変更用バルブと、を備える。
本開示の一実施形態に係る成膜装置について、図1及び図2を参照して説明する。本開示の成膜装置1はPEALD(Plasma Enhanced Atomic Layer Deposition)により、例えばTi(チタン)膜を基板であるウエハWに形成する。当該成膜装置1は、当該ウエハWが格納され、処理空間10を構成する例えば円形の処理容器11を備えている。処理容器11の内部には、ウエハWが載置される載置台12が設けられ、この載置台12には、ウエハWを処理温度に加熱するヒータ13が埋設されている。また、この例の載置台12には電極14が埋め込まれ、整合器15を介して高周波電源16が接続されている。高周波電源16は、ウエハWにイオンを引き込むための高周波電力(高周波バイアス)を載置台12に印加するためのものである。さらに、載置台12にはウエハWの昇降機構(不図示)が設けられる。
続いて、プラズマ生成室40について、図2を参照して説明する。プラズマ生成室40は、例えばプラズマを形成するための環状の空間を構成する管体41と、ガスがプラズマ化することにより流れるプラズマ電流を、管体41内を周回するように生成するためのプラズマ生成機構5と、を有する。
各プラズマ生成機構5のコイル52には、共通の高周波電源54から例えば400kHzの高周波電力が供給されるように構成されている。なお、図1中の符号55は整合器であり、各コイル52には、共通の高周波電源54から高周波電力が同じ位相で供給される。以下、この例では、プラズマ生成用の高周波電源54を第1の高周波電源、バイアス電力印加用の高周波電源16を第2の高周波電源として説明する。
先ず、図示しないゲートバルブを開き、ウエハWを処理容器11内へ搬入して載置台12に載置し、ヒータ13により載置台12を予め設定された温度に加熱する。そして、バルブ37を開いて、反応ガス(第2の処理ガス)を各プラズマ生成室40の入口42から供給しつつ、第1の高周波電源54から各プラズマ生成機構5のコイル52に高周波電力を印加する。また、供給先変更用バルブ61を開き、第1の排気機構63による上排気を実施する。
置換ガスは、図5に示すように、ガスシャワーヘッド2の第1の吐出孔21を介して処理空間10に供給され、これにより処理容器11内をパージして、当該処理容器11内に残存する材料ガスを排除する(工程S2)。置換ガスの供給時においても、置換ガスのプラズマ生成室40への流入を抑制するように、置換ガスの供給流量と排気のバランスが制御されている。
供給先変更用バルブ61を閉じると、既述のように、反応ガスの供給先が処理空間10側へ切り替わる。つまり、図6に示すように、第2の吐出孔22を介して処理空間10内に吐出される。
このように、材料ガス、置換ガス、プラズマにより活性化した反応ガス、置換ガスの順番で各ガスを処理空間10に供給する、工程S1~S4のサイクルを繰り返して、ALDによりウエハWに目的の膜厚のTi膜を成膜する。
続いて、プラズマ形成部の第2の例について、図7を参照して説明する。この例のプラズマ形成部4Aは、プラズマ生成室40を複数設ける場合において、各プラズマ生成室40に供給先変更用バルブ61Aを設けるように構成されている。各プラズマ生成室40の第1の出口43は、夫々の排気路62Aを介して共通の第1の排気機構63に接続されており、各排気路62Aに供給先変更用バルブ61Aが配設される。プラズマ形成部4Aに関する構成以外については図示を省略しているが、その他の部材は、第1の実施形態と同様に構成されている。
この構成においては、各プラズマ生成室40の供給先変更用バルブ61Aの開閉動作は揃えて行われ、これら供給先変更用バルブ61Aの開閉については、制御部100により、上述の第1実施形態と同様に制御される。
続いて、ガスシャワーヘッドの第2の例について、図9を参照して説明する。この例のガスシャワーヘッド2Aが、第1の例のガスシャワーヘッド2と異なる点は、第2の吐出孔221(第1の例の第2の吐出孔22に相当)が下方に向うにつれて拡径される形状(即ち上方へ向って細るテーパー形状)であることが挙げられる。その他については、第1の例のガスシャワーヘッド2と同様に構成されている。
続いて、ガスシャワーヘッドの第3の例について、図10を参照して説明する。この例のガスシャワーヘッド2Bが、第2の例のガスシャワーヘッド2Aと異なる点は、第2の吐出孔221内にガスを吐出する第3の吐出孔25を形成したことである。この第3の吐出孔25は、第2の吐出孔221を形成する側壁711に開口している。
ガスシャワーヘッドの第4の例について、図11を参照して説明する。この例のガスシャワーヘッド2Cが、第3の例のガスシャワーヘッド2Bと異なる点は、第3の吐出孔25に相当する第3の吐出孔251の開口方向が水平方向であることと、第1のガス拡散空間23には材料ガスのみが供給されるために、置換ガスは第1のガス拡散空間23及び第3のガス拡散空間72のうち、第3のガス拡散空間72のみに供給されることである。従って、ガスシャワーヘッド2Cでは、既述した各例と異なり第1の吐出孔21から置換ガスは吐出されない。その他については、第3の例のガスシャワーヘッド2Cと同様に構成されている。
このように第3の吐出孔の開口方向としては下方に向けることには限られないが、第2のガス拡散空間24及びプラズマ生成室40側に向けて流れる置換ガスの量が多くなるので、処理空間10の速やかなパージを行うためには第3の例のように下方に向けることが好ましい。
ガスシャワーヘッドの第5の例について、図12を参照して説明する。この例のガスシャワーヘッド2Dが上述のガスシャワーヘッド2~2Cと異なる点は、第2のガス拡散空間24に、規制部200が設けられることである。
説明にあたって、第2のガス拡散空間24の下端を画成している面を底面202とする。この規制部200は、第2のガス拡散空間24の下端及び上端から離れて設けられると共に、例えば板状体として構成され、底面202に対向するように水平に設けられている。そして規制部200は、平面視第2の吐出孔22と重ならない位置に、各々縦方向、より具体的には例えば鉛直方向に形成された貫通孔201を備えている。また、この例の規制部200は誘電体により構成される。この例では、第1の例のガスシャワーヘッド2に規制部200を設ける場合について説明しており、その他については、ガスシャワーヘッド2と同様に構成されている。
なお、上記の規制部200によりイオンがトラップされる構成とした場合において、第2の高周波電源16によるバイアス形成用の載置台12への電力供給は行ってもよいし、行わなくてもよい。
プラズマ形成部の第3の例について、図13を参照して説明する。この例のプラズマ形成部4Bは、誘導結合プラズマ(ICP:Inductively Coupled Plasma)を利用するものである。プラズマ形成部4Bは、例えば誘電体製の有底、有蓋の円筒からなるプラズマ生成室81と、このプラズマ生成室81の周囲に巻回されたコイル82を備え、当該コイル82に高周波電源83から高周波電力を印加するように構成されている。プラズマ生成機構84は、コイル82と、高周波電源83と、を備えて構成される。
なお、今回開示された実施形態は、全ての点で例示であって制限的なものではないと考えられるべきである。上記の実施形態は、添付の特許請求の範囲及びその趣旨を逸脱することなく、様々な形態で省略、置換、変更または組み合わせが行われてもよい。
1 成膜装置
10 処理空間
11 処理容器
40 プラズマ生成室
5 プラズマ生成機構
61 供給先変更用バルブ
63 第1の排気機構
Claims (15)
- 基板が格納されると共に内部の処理空間が真空雰囲気となるように排気される処理容器を備え、第1の処理ガス、前記処理空間の雰囲気を置換するための置換ガス、プラズマにより活性化した第2の処理ガス、前記置換ガスの順番で各ガスを前記処理空間に供給するサイクルを複数回実施して前記基板に成膜する成膜装置において、
前記第2の処理ガスを活性化するためのプラズマ生成機構を備えるプラズマ生成室と、
前記プラズマ生成室を排気する排気機構と、
前記第1の処理ガスを前記処理空間に供給するために前記処理容器に設けられる第1の流路と、
下流端が前記処理空間に開放されると共に上流端が前記プラズマ生成室に接続されるように前記第1の流路に対して区画されて設けられ、バルブにより開閉されない第2の流路と、
前記第1の流路、前記プラズマ生成室、前記置換ガスを前記処理空間に供給するための置換ガス用の流路に、前記第1の処理ガス、前記第2の処理ガス、前記置換ガスを夫々供給するガス供給機構と、
前記プラズマ生成室と前記排気機構とを接続する排気路における任意の位置に設けられ、前記プラズマにより活性化した第2の処理ガスの供給先が前記排気路における前記位置の下流側と前記処理空間との間で切り替わるように、前記サイクルの繰り返しの実施中に開閉する供給先変更用バルブと、
を備える成膜装置。 - 前記処理容器の天井部を構成するガスシャワーヘッドが設けられ、
前記第1の流路は、前記処理空間に開口するように縦方向に形成された複数の第1の吐出孔と、前記各第1の吐出孔の上流側に設けられると共に当該各第1の吐出孔に共通の第1のガス拡散空間と、を備え、
前記第2の流路は、前記処理空間に開口するように縦方向に形成された複数の第2の吐出孔と、前記各第2の吐出孔の上流側に設けられると共に当該各第2の吐出孔に共通の第2のガス拡散空間と、を備え、
前記ガスシャワーヘッドに前記第1の吐出孔、前記第2の吐出孔、前記第1のガス拡散空間及び前記第2のガス拡散空間が設けられる請求項1記載の成膜装置。 - 前記プラズマ生成室は、前記ガスシャワーヘッドに積層されて設けられる請求項2記載の成膜装置。
- 前記第2の吐出孔は、下方に向うにつれて拡径される請求項2記載の成膜装置。
- 前記ガスシャワーヘッドには、前記第2の吐出孔を形成する壁面に開口し、当該第2の吐出孔内にガスを吐出する第3の吐出孔と、
前記第3の吐出孔の上流側において前記第1の流路及び前記第2の流路に対して区画される第3の流路と、が設けられ、前記第1の流路に前記第1の処理ガスが供給される期間において、前記ガス供給機構は前記第2の吐出孔をシールするためのシール用ガスを前記第3の流路に供給する請求項2記載の成膜装置。 - 前記第3の吐出孔は、前記第2の吐出孔を形成する壁面における当該第3の吐出孔よりも下方の位置に向けて前記シール用ガスを吐出するように開口する請求項5記載の成膜装置。
- 前記シール用ガスは前記置換ガスとして兼用され、
前記前記第3の流路は、前記置換ガス用の流路である請求項5記載の成膜装置。 - 前記置換ガス用の流路は前記第1の流路により構成され、
前記供給先変更用バルブが開かれる期間において、前記第1の流路には、前記ガス供給機構から前記第1の処理ガス、前記置換ガスが順番に供給される請求項2記載の成膜装置。 - 前記第2のガス拡散空間には前記第2の吐出孔から当該第2のガス拡散空間へのガスの流入を防止するための規制部が、当該第2の拡散空間の下端から離れて設けられ、
当該規制部は、平面視第2の吐出孔と重ならない位置に各々縦方向に形成された複数の貫通孔を備える請求項2記載の成膜装置。 - 前記プラズマにより活性化した第2の処理ガスに含まれるイオンの前記基板への供給を抑制するために、前記規制部の表面は誘電体により構成される請求項9記載の成膜装置。
- 前記プラズマ生成室は複数設けられ、
当該各プラズマ生成室の上側に前記各プラズマ生成室に共通の排気空間が設けられ、
前記排気路の上流側は当該排気空間に接続されている請求項1記載の成膜装置。 - 前記プラズマ生成室は複数設けられ、前記バルブは当該プラズマ生成室毎に設けられている請求項1記載の成膜装置。
- 前記プラズマ生成室は、環状の空間を形成する管体を備え、
前記プラズマ生成機構は、前記管体の一部の壁部を囲む環状の磁性体と、
高周波電源と、前記高周波電源から電力が供給されると共に前記磁性体に巻回されるコイルと、
を備える請求項1記載の成膜装置。 - 前記プラズマ生成室は、誘電体により構成され、
前記プラズマ生成機構は、
高周波電源と、前記高周波電源から電力が供給されると共に前記プラズマ生成室に巻回されるコイルと、を備える請求項1記載の成膜装置。 - 第1の処理ガス、処理容器の内部の処理空間における雰囲気を置換するための置換ガス、プラズマにより活性化した第2の処理ガス、前記置換ガスの順番で各ガスを前記処理空間に供給するサイクルを複数回実施して、前記処理容器に格納された基板に成膜する成膜方法において、
前記処理空間が真空雰囲気となるように排気する工程と、
プラズマ生成機構を備えるプラズマ生成室において前記第2の処理ガスを活性化する工程と、
排気機構により前記プラズマ生成室を排気する工程と、
前記第1の処理ガスを前記処理空間に供給するために前記処理容器に設けられる第1の流路に、ガス供給機構より当該第1の処理ガスを供給する工程と、
下流端が前記処理空間に開放されると共に上流端が前記プラズマ生成室に接続されるように前記第1の流路に対して区画されて設けられ、バルブにより開閉されない第2の流路に前記ガス供給機構より前記第2の処理ガスを供給する工程と、
前記置換ガスを前記処理空間に供給するための置換ガス用の流路に前記ガス供給機構より前記置換ガスを供給する工程と、
前記プラズマ生成室と前記排気機構とを接続する排気路における任意の位置に設けられる供給先変更用バルブを前記サイクルの繰り返しの実施中に開閉し、前記プラズマにより活性化した第2の処理ガスの供給先を前記排気路における前記位置の下流側と前記処理空間との間で切り替える工程と、
を備える成膜方法。
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- 2022-01-26 KR KR1020237029292A patent/KR20230133914A/ko unknown
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2003273081A (ja) * | 2002-03-14 | 2003-09-26 | Shibaura Mechatronics Corp | プラズマ処理装置 |
JP2005072371A (ja) * | 2003-08-26 | 2005-03-17 | Seiko Epson Corp | プラズマ装置、薄膜の製造方法及び微細構造体の製造方法 |
JP2006052426A (ja) * | 2004-08-10 | 2006-02-23 | L'air Liquide Sa Pour L'etude & L'exploitation Des Procede S Georges Claude | 窒化タンタル膜の形成方法 |
WO2011104803A1 (ja) * | 2010-02-25 | 2011-09-01 | シャープ株式会社 | プラズマ生成装置 |
JP2020047640A (ja) * | 2018-09-14 | 2020-03-26 | 株式会社Kokusai Electric | 基板処理装置、半導体装置の製造方法およびプログラム |
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KR20230133914A (ko) | 2023-09-19 |
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