WO2022170987A1 - 套筒式光学致动器及相应的摄像模组和终端设备 - Google Patents

套筒式光学致动器及相应的摄像模组和终端设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022170987A1
WO2022170987A1 PCT/CN2022/074205 CN2022074205W WO2022170987A1 WO 2022170987 A1 WO2022170987 A1 WO 2022170987A1 CN 2022074205 W CN2022074205 W CN 2022074205W WO 2022170987 A1 WO2022170987 A1 WO 2022170987A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sleeve
assembly
piezoelectric
layer
sleeves
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/074205
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
叶林敏
阙嘉耀
王明珠
黄桢
戎琦
何艳宁
卞强龙
方银丽
钱佳敏
Original Assignee
宁波舜宇光电信息有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202110182028.1A external-priority patent/CN114915708B/zh
Priority claimed from CN202110182282.1A external-priority patent/CN114915709B/zh
Priority claimed from CN202110182014.XA external-priority patent/CN114915707B/zh
Application filed by 宁波舜宇光电信息有限公司 filed Critical 宁波舜宇光电信息有限公司
Priority to CN202280012185.0A priority Critical patent/CN117121497A/zh
Publication of WO2022170987A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022170987A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of camera modules, and in particular, the present invention relates to a sleeve-type optical actuator, a corresponding camera module, and a terminal device equipped with the camera module
  • Mobile phone camera module is one of the important components of smart equipment, and its application scope and application volume in the market are increasing. With the advancement of technology, both work and life are advocating intelligence. One of the important prerequisites for realizing intelligence is to be able to achieve good interaction with the external environment. One of the important ways to achieve good interaction is visual perception. The perception dependence is mainly the camera module. It can be said that the camera module has transformed from an obscure intelligent equipment accessory to one of the key components of intelligent equipment.
  • the camera module's form and function are also constantly changing with the needs of the intelligent terminal and the market.
  • the development trend of intelligent terminals has been developing towards the direction of high integration and thinning, while the camera module is constantly adding functions.
  • the addition of some functions will increase the volume of the camera module to a certain extent.
  • the design of camera modules the original installation space of modules with fewer functions in the past has become more and more difficult to meet the requirements.
  • the design of camera modules is constantly innovating, for example, from the original single-camera module to dual-camera and multi-camera modules; from the original single-line optical path design to the design with complex turning optical paths; Single focal length, small-range zoom capability developed to large-range optical zoom and so on.
  • These developments continue to expand the shooting capabilities of camera modules, but also place higher requirements on the pre-installation space inside smart terminals (such as smart phones). At present, the pre-installation space inside the smart terminal has become more and more difficult to meet the development requirements of the camera module.
  • a retractable telescopic camera module (sometimes simply referred to as a telescopic module herein) has a multi-layered sleeve arranged coaxially, and each lens of the lens group can be installed in a different sleeve.
  • the inner sleeve In the retracted state, the inner sleeve can be accommodated inside the outer sleeve, thereby reducing the occupied volume of the camera module, and when the sleeve module is installed inside the smart terminal as a rear camera module, the smart The surface of the camera module installation area on the back of the terminal may be substantially flush.
  • the inner sleeve (or outer sleeve) can be extended from the original position, so as to adjust the axial position of the lens in the sleeve in the optical system (here, the axial position refers to the position in the camera module) position in the direction of the optical axis), which plays the role of optical zooming or increasing the back focal distance of the optical system.
  • the telephoto module it often requires a large back focus distance, which is one of the important reasons why the telephoto module occupies a large space.
  • At least one of the sleeves can move in the direction along the optical axis relative to the other sleeves, so that it can drive the lens group away from the photosensitive chip, so it can increase the optical system.
  • the effect of focal distance in the existing sleeve-type modules, it is often necessary to manufacture a relatively complex transmission structure on the side wall of the sleeve.
  • a sleeve-type module solution is to set gears on the outside of the outermost sleeve, and the side walls of the sleeve (the inner and/or outer sides of the side walls) need to make gear grooves that mesh with the gears, In this way, the sleeve can be rotated by rotating the gear, so that the sleeve spirally rises (the rising direction is the direction of extending along the optical axis) to be away from the photosensitive chip, and the imaging optical path required for shooting (for example, the telephoto module needs to be constructed) is constructed. imaging optical path).
  • the above-mentioned telescopic sleeve structure can be switched between two states of contraction and extension, its transmission structure is complex, and the side wall of the sleeve needs to be processed with a precise mechanical structure, so its reliability may be insufficient (eg, impact resistance).
  • the side wall of the sleeve needs to be processed with a precise mechanical structure, the side wall of the sleeve needs a large structural strength, which makes it difficult to reduce the thickness of the side wall of the sleeve, which is not conducive to reducing the lateral size of the camera module.
  • the lateral dimension in this paper refers to the radial dimension of the camera module, and the radial direction of the camera module refers to the direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the camera module.
  • the longitudinal dimension of the camera module is the dimension in the direction of the optical axis of the camera module, that is, the height of the camera module.
  • Non-geared telescopic modules in the prior art, for example CN200910056990.X discloses a telescopic module based on pneumatic drive.
  • the sleeve can be driven to ascend (extend) or descend (contract) by changing the air pressure at the bottom of the sleeve, but the gas accommodating cavity used to push the sleeve to ascend or descend needs to occupy the size in the height direction of the module.
  • this solution may have higher requirements on the air tightness of the internal structure of the module.
  • the existing sleeve-type modules often need to process a complex transmission structure on the sidewall of the sleeve, which leads to hidden dangers in terms of reliability.
  • part of the transmission structure may be exposed, which may lead to an unsightly appearance of the terminal device and affect the consumer experience and market value.
  • the extension distance of the module may be sacrificed, which will negatively affect the magnification of the telephoto module.
  • the sleeve-type modules driven by air pressure there are uncertainties in the higher air tightness requirements, the miniaturization of the cylinder, and the reliability (such as impact resistance).
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a sleeve-type optical actuator and a camera module solution with high reliability, long extension distance and beautiful appearance.
  • the present invention provides a sleeve-type optical actuator, which includes: a housing; a driving device, which includes a piezoelectric driving assembly; and a sleeve assembly, which is installed in the housing, and It is adapted to be integrally extended or retracted in the housing in a controlled manner;
  • the sleeve assembly includes a plurality of sleeves in a nested arrangement; wherein at least two of the sleeves are formed by the The piezoelectric drive assembly is connected;
  • the piezoelectric drive assembly includes a fixed part, a piezoelectric element mounted on the fixed part, a driving rod with one end mounted on the piezoelectric element, and a driving rod mounted on the driving rod and can be installed along the A moving block that drives the rod to move, the moving block is connected with the bottom of one of the sleeves of the sleeve assembly, and the fixed part is connected with the bottom of the other sleeve of the sleeve assembly.
  • the moving block is
  • the plurality of sleeves in the nested arrangement sequentially include: the first layer of sleeves, the second layer of sleeves, ..., the N-1th layer of sleeves and the Nth layer of sleeves, wherein N is greater than or equal to Integer of 2; for any i+1 layer sleeve, it is driven by the i layer driving component, the i layer driving component is the piezoelectric driving component, and the movement of the i layer driving component
  • the block is mounted on or directly molded on the bottom of the i+1-th layer of sleeves; the fixing portion of the i-th layer of drive components is mounted on or directly molded on the bottom of the i-th layer of sleeves; wherein, i is any integer from 1 to N-1.
  • the sleeve assembly includes three layers of the sleeves.
  • the top surfaces of the sleeves of each layer of the sleeve assembly are flush; in the retracted state, the height of the optical actuator is: 5mm-10mm; in the fully extended state, The protruding distance of the top surface of the sleeve assembly relative to the top surface of the casing is: 20mm-35mm.
  • the sleeve includes a barrel wall, wherein the Nth layer sleeve includes a lens carrier, and the inner side of the lens carrier is suitable for installing an optical lens; an annular accommodation is formed between the lens carrier and the barrel wall a cavity, and the Nth layer driving assembly is arranged in the annular accommodating cavity.
  • the piezoelectric driving components of other layers are all arranged in the annular accommodating cavity.
  • the multiple piezoelectric drive assemblies at each level are evenly distributed in the annular accommodating cavity, and in the contracted state
  • the piezoelectric driving components of different layers are arranged alternately in sequence in the annular accommodating cavity.
  • the N-th layer of sleeve includes an N-th layer of barrel wall, a top cover and the lens carrier; the inner side of the N-th layer of barrel wall, the outer side of the lens carrier and the lower side of the top cover The surface configures the annular accommodating cavity.
  • the piezoelectric elements of all the piezoelectric driving assemblies at the same level are mounted on the bottom end of the piezoelectric driving rod.
  • the piezoelectric elements of all the piezoelectric driving assemblies at the same level are mounted on the top of the piezoelectric driving rod.
  • some of the piezoelectric elements of the piezoelectric drive assemblies are mounted on the bottom end of the piezoelectric drive rod, and another part of the piezoelectric drive assemblies The piezoelectric element is mounted on the top end of the piezoelectric driving rod.
  • a camera module which includes: the sleeve-type optical actuator in any one of the preceding solutions; an optical lens, which is installed in the sleeve assembly and located at the topmost in the sleeve; and a photosensitive component, which includes a photosensitive chip, which is used to receive the light passing through the optical lens and output imaging data; the casing of the sleeve-type optical actuator is fixed to the photosensitive components.
  • the camera module further includes a telescopic control unit, which is used to control each of the sleeves of the sleeve-type optical actuator to move layer by layer, and the movement is an extension or contraction movement of the sleeves.
  • the camera module further includes a telescopic control unit, which is used to control each of the sleeves of the telescopic optical actuator to move at the same time, and the movement is the extension or contraction of the sleeves.
  • the camera module further includes a telescopic control unit, which is used to obtain the current stretching distance required by the camera module for shooting, and then select a single sleeve or a combination of sleeves that needs to be telescopically moved, and then control the selected Extend or retract a single sleeve or a combination of sleeves.
  • a telescopic control unit which is used to obtain the current stretching distance required by the camera module for shooting, and then select a single sleeve or a combination of sleeves that needs to be telescopically moved, and then control the selected Extend or retract a single sleeve or a combination of sleeves.
  • the camera module further includes a telescopic control unit, which is used to obtain the stretch distance required for the current shooting of the camera module, and then controls the sleeve assembly to perform telescopic movement to reach the required stretch distance, and then controls The sleeve on the uppermost layer is telescopically moved for focusing.
  • a telescopic control unit which is used to obtain the stretch distance required for the current shooting of the camera module, and then controls the sleeve assembly to perform telescopic movement to reach the required stretch distance, and then controls The sleeve on the uppermost layer is telescopically moved for focusing.
  • the telescopic control unit is also used to select the sleeve or sleeve combination with the smallest total driving mass under the premise of meeting the lens travel requirements, and then control the selected sleeve or sleeve combination to perform telescopic movement.
  • the telescopic control unit is also used for: under the premise of meeting the requirements of the lens travel, select the sleeve combination or single sleeve with the least number of sleeves required, and then control the selected sleeve combination or single sleeve to carry out Telescopic movement.
  • the telescopic control unit is further used to: select a sleeve combination or a single sleeve that meets the lens travel requirements according to a configuration file pre-programmed into the firmware, and the priority of the sleeve combination or a single sleeve is based on the configuration file ok.
  • a terminal device which includes the camera module described in any one of the preceding solutions; in the sleeve-type optical actuator of the camera module, the The sleeve assembly can extend out of the housing of the terminal device.
  • the present invention also provides another sleeve-type optical actuator, which includes: a casing, the top of which has a casing light-through hole; a driving device, which includes a plurality of piezoelectric driving components, each of the piezoelectric
  • the driving assembly includes a fixed block, a piezoelectric element mounted on the fixed block, a driving rod with one end mounted on the piezoelectric element, and a moving block mounted on the driving rod and movable along the driving rod; and a sleeve an assembly mounted within the housing and adapted to controllably extend out of the housing from the housing light aperture; the sleeve assembly includes a plurality of sleeves in a nested arrangement; wherein the The plurality of piezoelectric drive assemblies include at least two layers, and each layer of the piezoelectric drive assemblies is connected to two adjacent sleeves, wherein the bottom of one sleeve is connected to the moving block of the piezoelectric drive assembly of the layer.
  • the bottom of the other sleeve is connected with the fixing block of the piezoelectric drive assembly of the layer; and the sleeve located on the topmost layer in the extended state of each sleeve includes the lens carrier, the The inner side of the lens carrier is suitable for installing an optical lens; when each of the sleeves is in a retracted state, at least two piezoelectric drive assemblies at different levels are accommodated in the same accommodating cavity, and the accommodating cavity is located in the lens carrier and the barrel wall of the sleeve.
  • the adjacent sleeves refer to two sleeves located at two adjacent levels up and down when the sleeve assembly is fully extended.
  • the multi-layer nested sleeves sequentially include: the first layer of sleeves, the second layer of sleeves, ..., the N-1th layer of sleeves and the Nth layer of sleeves, where N is greater than or equal to Integer of 2; for any i+1 layer sleeve, it is driven by the i layer driving component, the i layer driving component is the piezoelectric driving component, and the movement of the i layer driving component
  • the block is mounted on or directly molded on the bottom of the i+1 layer of sleeves; the fixing block of the i-th layer of drive components is mounted on or directly molded on the bottom of the i-th layer of sleeves; wherein, i is any integer from 1 to N-1.
  • At least a pair of adjacent layer sleeves are connected by a plurality of the piezoelectric driving assemblies.
  • the auxiliary guide structure includes a guide column and a sliding block, so The sliding block is provided with a ball limiting groove, the ball limiting groove is provided with balls, the guide column is provided with a vertical guide groove, and the sliding block is installed on the guide column and can slide along the vertical guide groove; and the ball is supported between the sliding block and the guide column; the bottom of one of the adjacent sleeves is connected with the bottom end or the top end of the guide column; the adjacent The bottom of the other of the layer sleeves is connected to the sliding block.
  • a plurality of the piezoelectric driving components at the same level are evenly distributed around the lens carrier.
  • the accommodating cavity is an annular accommodating cavity, and the piezoelectric driving components of different layers are arranged alternately in the annular accommodating cavity in a contracted state.
  • At least one piezoelectric driving component and at least one auxiliary guiding structure connected between the same pair of adjacent layer sleeves are evenly distributed around the lens carrier.
  • the piezoelectric drive assemblies and the auxiliary guide structures located at different levels are staggered in the circumferential direction and distributed in a single ring shape.
  • the sleeve assembly includes three layers of the sleeves.
  • the top surfaces of the sleeves of each layer of the sleeve assembly are flush; in the retracted state, the height of the optical actuator is: 5mm-10mm; in the fully extended state, The protruding distance of the top surface of the sleeve assembly relative to the top surface of the casing is: 20mm-35mm.
  • the N-th layer of sleeve includes an N-th layer of barrel wall, a top cover and the lens carrier; the inner side of the N-th layer of barrel wall, the outer side of the lens carrier and the lower side of the top cover The surface configures the annular accommodating cavity.
  • the bottom end of the drive rod is mounted on the piezoelectric element.
  • the driving device further includes a second piezoelectric driving component, and the second piezoelectric driving component is used for driving the sleeve component to extend out of the housing from the light-through hole of the housing.
  • the second piezoelectric drive assembly is arranged between the casing and the sleeve assembly, and the second piezoelectric drive assembly is located in one or more corner areas of the four corner areas of the casing .
  • a second auxiliary guide structure is further arranged between the housing and the sleeve assembly, and the second auxiliary guide structure includes a vertical guide groove and a sliding block; the sliding block has a ball limiting groove, so Balls are arranged in the ball limiting groove, the sliding block slides along the vertical guide groove, and the vertical guide groove is arranged on the inner side of the casing or on the upright column in the casing; In the direction, the inner side of the housing or between the upright column and the sliding block is supported by the ball.
  • the second piezoelectric drive assembly and the second auxiliary guide structure are distributed in the four corner regions of the housing.
  • the sleeve includes a cylinder wall, and the bottom of the cylinder wall horizontally extends outward or inward to form an outer floating structure or an inner floating structure, and the outer floating structure or the inner floating structure serves as the piezoelectric drive
  • the moving block of the assembly is movably connected with the drive rod of the piezoelectric drive assembly.
  • the piezoelectric drive assembly includes a first piezoelectric drive assembly, a second piezoelectric drive assembly and a third piezoelectric drive assembly;
  • the sleeve assembly includes a first sleeve, a third Two sleeves and a third sleeve;
  • the first sleeve includes a first cylindrical wall and a first bottom plate, the bottom of the first cylindrical wall extends horizontally to the outside to form a first floating structure, the first floating structure
  • the structure is used as the moving block to realize active connection with the driving rod of the first piezoelectric driving assembly.
  • the second sleeve includes a second cylindrical wall and a second bottom plate, the bottom of the second cylindrical wall extends horizontally inward to form a second floating structure, and the second floating structure serves as the moving block and the The drive rod of the second piezoelectric drive assembly is articulated.
  • the third sleeve includes a third cylindrical wall, a top cover and the lens carrier, the lens carrier is cylindrical and its bottom horizontally extends outward to form a third outer floating structure, and the third inner floating structure
  • the moving block is movably connected with the driving rod of the third piezoelectric driving assembly.
  • a camera module comprising: the sleeve-type optical actuator in any of the foregoing solutions; an optical lens mounted on a topmost layer of the sleeve assembly. in the sleeve; and a photosensitive component, which includes a photosensitive chip, the photosensitive chip is used to receive the light passing through the optical lens and output imaging data; the casing of the sleeve-type optical actuator is fixed on the photosensitive components.
  • a terminal device which includes the aforementioned camera module; wherein, each of the sleeves of the sleeve assembly of the sleeve-type optical actuator can protrude out of all the sleeves. the enclosure of the terminal equipment described above.
  • the present invention provides another sleeve-type camera module, which includes a sleeve-type optical actuator and a photosensitive assembly;
  • the sleeve-type optical actuator includes a housing; a driving device; and a sleeve assembly, it is mounted within the housing and is adapted to controllably extend out of the housing or retract within the housing;
  • the sleeve assembly includes a plurality of sleeves in a coaxial nested arrangement; at least one of The sleeve can be extended and retracted relative to the other sleeve;
  • the photosensitive assembly includes a support seat; a photosensitive chip; a module circuit board, the photosensitive chip and the module circuit board are fixed together ; and a housing base, the housing base and the support seat encapsulate the photosensitive chip and the module circuit board inside;
  • the sleeve-type optical actuator is mounted on the top of the support seat, The photosensitive chip moves relative to the support base.
  • the drive device includes a piezoelectric drive assembly; in the sleeve assembly, at least two of the sleeves are connected by the piezoelectric drive assembly; the piezoelectric drive assembly includes a fixing block, mounted on the fixed A piezoelectric element of the block, a driving rod mounted on the piezoelectric element at one end, and a moving block mounted on the driving rod and movable along the driving rod, the moving block being fixed to one of the sleeve assemblies the bottom of the sleeve, the fixed block is fixed on the bottom of the other sleeve of the sleeve assembly; the moving block can move along the drive rod, so that the A sleeve extends or retracts relative to the other of said sleeves to which said fixed block is connected.
  • the photosensitive assembly further includes: a first chip carrier and a second chip carrier; the first chip carrier is located between the second chip carrier and the support seat, and the center of the first chip carrier has a light the photosensitive chip is mounted on the upper surface of the second chip carrier; the first chip carrier is adapted to move in the y-axis direction relative to the support seat; the second chip carrier is adapted to be relative to the The first chip carrier moves in the x-axis direction; wherein, the x-axis and the y-axis are both coordinate axes parallel to the surface of the photosensitive chip, and the x-axis and the y-axis are perpendicular to each other.
  • a single layer of balls is arranged between the support seat and the second chip carrier, the first chip carrier has ball holes, and the balls pass through the ball holes; in the z-axis direction, the support seat and the first chip carrier is supported by the balls, and in the z-axis direction, the first chip carrier and the second chip carrier are supported by the balls; wherein the z-axis is perpendicular to the x-axis and the y-axis coordinate axis.
  • the inner surface of the ball hole bears against part of the outer surface of the ball.
  • the first chip carrier is rectangular, and the balls are arranged in four corner regions of the first chip carrier.
  • the four corner positions of the second chip carrier are provided with second ball guide grooves, and the positions of the second ball guide grooves are adapted to the positions of the ball holes of the first chip carrier; from a top view, the The second ball guide groove is strip-shaped, and its guiding direction is the x-axis direction.
  • the support seat has a first ball guide groove, and the position of the first ball guide groove is adapted to the position of the ball hole of the first chip carrier; when viewed from the bottom, the first ball guide groove
  • the grooves are bar-shaped, and their guiding direction is the y-axis direction.
  • the first chip carrier has two mutually parallel first sides and two mutually parallel second sides, wherein the first sides are raised upward to form a convex cover, and the lower surface of the convex cover is mounted with an x-axis magnet , the second side has an avoidance slot suitable for avoiding the y-axis magnet, and the y-axis magnet is installed on the support seat.
  • the convex cover is made of magnetic shielding material.
  • the convex cover has a magnetic conducting hole.
  • the x-axis magnet is a sheet-shaped magnet, which is strip-shaped when viewed from a plan view, and whose length direction is parallel to the first side.
  • the y-axis magnet is in the shape of a sheet, and in a plan view, it is in the shape of a strip, and its length direction is parallel to the second side.
  • the x-axis coil and the y-axis coil are fixed on the second chip carrier or on the module circuit board, and the x-axis coil and the y-axis coil are electrically connected to the module circuit board;
  • the x-axis coil is arranged directly below the x-axis magnet, and the y-axis coil is arranged directly below the y-axis magnet.
  • the driving device further includes a first piezoelectric driving assembly for driving the sleeve assembly to extend out of the casing or retract in the casing, and the fixing block of the first piezoelectric driving assembly is installed On the module base, the driving rod of the first piezoelectric driving component passes through the support base.
  • a terminal device which includes the camera module according to any one of the foregoing solutions; wherein, each of the sleeve components of the sleeve-type optical actuator The sleeve can extend out of the housing of the terminal device.
  • the piezoelectric-driven telescopic module of the present application has a retractable function, which can reduce the pre-installation space inside the smart terminal in the retracted state, and can Provides the optical path length required for shooting, especially telephoto shooting.
  • the piezoelectric-driven sleeve-type module of the present application does not require complicated processing on the side wall of the sleeve, has a simple structure, and has better reliability.
  • the piezoelectric-driven sleeve-type module of the present application can push the sleeve up or down step by step through the piezoelectric drive rod, thereby increasing the total extension distance of the top sleeve (referring to the sleeve at the top in the extended state) , thereby increasing the optical path length in the telephoto shooting state.
  • the piezoelectric-driven sleeve-type module does not require complicated processing on the sleeve side wall, which is beneficial to reduce the thickness of the sleeve side wall, thereby reducing the radial size of the module .
  • the smaller wall thickness also helps to improve the aesthetics of the sleeve in the extended state.
  • the piezoelectric driving rods in the telescopic module for driving telescopic telescopic sleeves of different levels can be arranged in the same accommodating cavity, so as to avoid multiple phases.
  • a plurality of accommodating cavities are arranged between the side walls of the adjacent sleeves, which is beneficial to reduce the structural complexity of the module.
  • the side walls of the sleeves of each level in the sleeve-type module may not be provided with complex structures that play a role in transmission, so as to ensure that the sleeves have a beautiful appearance in the extended state, which is conducive to improving consumption. experience.
  • the stability and linearity of the operation of the piezoelectric drive device can be improved by auxiliary limiting components (eg, components such as guide rail balls), so as to better ensure the imaging quality of the module.
  • auxiliary limiting components eg, components such as guide rail balls
  • the position detection element can be used to monitor the telescopic position of the sleeve while improving the control accuracy of the telescopic sleeve, thereby better guaranteeing the imaging quality of the module.
  • each layer of the sleeve can be supported and driven by multiple piezoelectric drive shafts, thereby making the structure of the module more stable, increasing the mechanical reliability of the module and improving the telescopic ability of the sleeve. driving force.
  • the anti-shake function of the module can be realized by moving the photosensitive chip, so as to avoid increasing the lateral size of the telescopic lens, and at the same time, it can provide the anti-shake function for telephoto shooting, improve the long User experience of focus shooting.
  • each layer of sleeves can be supported and driven by a combination of piezoelectric drive shafts and auxiliary guide structures, which on the one hand can make the structure of the module more stable and increase the mechanical reliability of the module. , On the other hand, the cost and the difficulty of the assembly process can be reduced.
  • the anti-shake function of the module can be realized by moving the photosensitive chip, so as to avoid increasing the lateral size of the telescopic lens, and at the same time, it can provide the anti-shake function for telephoto shooting, improve the long User experience of focus shooting.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of an optical actuator in a retracted state according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic perspective view of the optical actuator in an extended state according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a traditional non-telescopic module
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the telescopic module of the present application in a retracted state
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the sleeve-type module of the present application in an extended state
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of a piezoelectric driving assembly in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a piezoelectric element and a corresponding driving rod realizing the vibration conduction function
  • FIG. 8 shows a cutaway perspective view of the retractable camera module in a retracted state according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 9 shows a cutaway perspective view of the retractable camera module in an extended state according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic perspective view of a camera module in a retracted state in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic perspective view of the retractable camera module in a retracted state from a top view angle according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 12 shows a schematic perspective view of a cut-away telescopic camera module in an extended state under a flat-view angle according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 13 shows a schematic exploded perspective view of the second-layer sleeve and the third-layer sleeve in an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 14 shows a perspective exploded schematic view of the first layer of sleeves and the second layer of sleeves in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 15 shows a schematic exploded perspective view of the housing, the photosensitive assembly and the first-layer sleeve in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 16 shows a schematic exploded perspective view of a photosensitive assembly in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 17 shows an assembly schematic diagram of the internal structure of the photosensitive assembly in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 18 shows a schematic perspective view of a first chip carrier in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 19 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the ball connection between the support seat, the first chip carrier, and the second chip carrier in an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 20 shows the ball holes of the first chip carrier and the second ball guide grooves of the second chip carrier.
  • a sleeve-type optical actuator wherein an optical lens can be installed in the sleeve-type optical actuator, and the optical lens has a retractable function.
  • the optical actuator includes a casing, a sleeve assembly installed in the casing, and a piezoelectric driving device for driving the sleeve assembly to expand and contract.
  • the sleeve assembly includes multi-layer sleeves whose diameters are gradually reduced from outside to inside, and these sleeves are nested and coaxially arranged. For two sleeves at any adjacent level, the outer diameter of the inner sleeve is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer sleeve.
  • the outermost sleeve is referred to herein as the first layer sleeve
  • the innermost sleeve is referred to as the Nth layer sleeve.
  • the outer-to-inward sleeves are sequentially: the first layer of sleeves, the second layer of sleeves, ..., the N-1th layer of sleeves and the Nth layer of sleeves.
  • N is an integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • N 3, that is to say, the sleeve assembly has three layers of sleeves in total.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of the optical actuator in a retracted state in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic perspective view of the optical actuator in an extended state in an embodiment of the present application.
  • each sleeve in the retracted state, all the sleeves are accommodated in the housing, and the top surface of each sleeve may be substantially flush with the top surface of the housing.
  • each sleeve can be extended step by step, so that the innermost sleeve (ie, the third sleeve) protrudes away from the top surface of the housing.
  • the optical lens When the optical lens is installed in the innermost sleeve, the optical lens can be far away from the photosensitive chip in the extended state, thereby forming a larger back focus distance and realizing telephoto shooting.
  • the sleeves are connected to each other through a piezoelectric drive assembly, and the piezoelectric drive assembly drives the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve to move relative to each other.
  • the inner sleeve is raised relative to the outer sleeve.
  • the multi-layer sleeves cooperate with each other to increase the overall height of the lens.
  • the innermost sleeve is mounted with a lens (the lens includes a lens group with an optical imaging function), and the lens can change the height position through the change of the relative position between sleeves, so as to realize the The distance of the lens relative to the photosensitive element of the module changes (ie, the back focus is changed).
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional non-telescopic module
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional schematic view of the sleeve-type module of the present application in a retracted state
  • FIG. 5 shows the sleeve of the present application.
  • a conventional non-stretching module includes a lens assembly (including a lens and a lens driving device), a color filter element, a photosensitive element, a circuit board, and the like from top to bottom.
  • the lens assembly is fixed inside the housing, and the lens driving device moves some small distances inside the housing to realize functions such as focusing or anti-shake.
  • the lens moves in the vertical direction, and the lens assembly does not move in the confinement and module housing, but can also move outside the housing. In this way, since the distance between the lens and the photosensitive element changes in a wide range, it can meet the needs of telephoto shooting scenes.
  • the piezoelectric driving device for driving the sleeve assembly to expand and contract may include multiple groups of piezoelectric driving assemblies.
  • Each group of piezoelectric drive components is used to drive a layer of sleeves to perform telescopic movement.
  • Each group of piezoelectric drive elements may be composed of one or more piezoelectric drive components.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of a piezoelectric driving assembly in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the piezoelectric drive assembly includes: a piezoelectric element 1 (sometimes also called piezoelectric element), a drive rod 2 , a fixed part 3 (also called a counterweight) and a moving block (The moving block is not shown in Figure 6).
  • the piezoelectric element 1 can be mounted on the fixing part 3, and the piezoelectric element 1 is suitable for generating mechanical vibration under the driving of voltage.
  • One end of the driving rod 2 is fixed to the vibration surface of the piezoelectric element 1 .
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a piezoelectric element and a corresponding driving rod to realize the vibration conduction function.
  • the piezoelectric element 1 may be in the form of a membrane (it may be called a tympanic membrane), and one end of the driving rod 2 is fixed to the center of the piezoelectric element 1 .
  • the piezoelectric element 1 can vibrate in the vertical direction under the driving of the voltage, so as to push the driving rod 2 up or down.
  • a moving block can be mounted on the driving rod 2 .
  • the piezoelectric driving component may be a piezoelectric component driven by inertia. Specifically, in the non-working state of the piezoelectric element, the moving block is fixed to the driving rod by the static friction force.
  • the moving block may have a through hole through which the driving rod passes, and by selecting an appropriate manufacturing material, a static friction force can be formed between the wall of the through hole of the moving block and the outer side of the driving rod, The static friction force is sufficient to support the weight of the moving block and the sleeve connected to the moving block, thereby ensuring that the relative position of the moving block and the driving rod remains unchanged under the non-working state of the piezoelectric element.
  • the piezoelectric element When the piezoelectric element is in the working state, by controlling the driving voltage, the piezoelectric element can move up relatively slowly, so as to push the driving rod to move upward relatively slowly.
  • the upward force on the driving rod is small, so The static friction force of the contact surface between the moving block and the driving rod can still keep the moving block and the driving rod relatively fixed, so that the moving block rises with the rising of the driving rod.
  • the piezoelectric element reaches the highest point, the downward movement of the piezoelectric element can be made relatively fast by controlling the driving voltage, thereby pulling the driving rod to move downward relatively quickly. At this time, the downward force on the driving rod is relatively high.
  • the friction force of the contact surface between the moving block and the driving rod is not enough to keep the moving block and the driving rod relatively fixed, causing the driving rod to move downward relative to the moving block (at this time, the contact surface between the moving block and the driving rod is The frictional force has actually been transformed into kinetic frictional force). That is to say, when the driving rod moves downward at a faster speed, the moving block will not descend with the descending of the driving rod, but basically maintains the original height. When the piezoelectric element drops to the lowest point, the driving voltage drives the piezoelectric element to move up slowly again, thereby pushing the moving block to rise again, and so on and so forth, the moving block can be pushed up continuously until it reaches the desired position.
  • the piezoelectric element can be controlled to rise and fall rapidly by setting the driving voltage, so that the driving rod can drive the moving block to rise through the action of static friction when it rises, and the driving rod can overcome the dynamic friction force and fall rapidly when it falls, avoiding The moving block is lowered by the driving rod. In this way, the moving mass is effectively lifted within one vibration period of the piezoelectric element. Repeatedly performing multiple vibration cycles, the moving block can be continuously lifted upwards until it reaches the desired position. On the contrary, by setting the driving voltage to control the piezoelectric element to descend and rise rapidly, the moving block can be lowered, and after multiple vibration cycles are repeatedly performed, the moving block can be continuously lowered until it reaches the desired position.
  • the moving block can move bidirectionally along the direction of the driving rod (for example, the vertical direction) under the control of the voltage signal, thereby realizing the expansion and contraction of the sleeve.
  • the working principle of the piezoelectric component based on inertial drive has been briefly described above. It should be noted that the present application is not limited to such piezoelectric components. More types of piezoelectric components will be exemplarily introduced at the end of this article.
  • optical actuator based on a three-layer sleeve assembly.
  • FIG. 8 shows a cutaway perspective view of the retractable camera module in a retracted state according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 shows a cutaway perspective view of the retractable camera module in an extended state according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • a camera module based on a sleeve-type optical actuator is provided.
  • the camera module includes a photosensitive assembly 200 , a sleeve-type optical actuator 100 and an optical lens 300 installed in the sleeve-type optical actuator 100 .
  • the sleeve-type optical actuator 100 includes a first-layer sleeve 110 , a second-layer sleeve 120 , a third-layer sleeve 130 , a housing 140 , and a first layer connecting the housing 140 and the first-layer sleeve 110 .
  • the first-layer sleeve 110 is located at the outermost layer, and in the extended state, the first-layer sleeve 110 is located at the bottommost layer.
  • the first-layer sleeve 110 includes a first cylindrical wall 111 and a first bottom plate 112 .
  • the second-layer sleeve 120 includes a second cylindrical wall 121 and a second bottom plate 122 .
  • the third-layer sleeve 130 is located at the innermost layer, and in the extended state, the third-layer sleeve 130 is located at the topmost layer.
  • the third-layer sleeve 130 includes a third cylindrical wall 131 , a top cover 132 and a cylindrical lens carrier 133 connected with the top cover.
  • the optical lens 300 is suitable for being mounted on the inner side of the lens carrier 133 .
  • An annular accommodating cavity 134 is formed between the lens carrier 133 and the third cylinder wall 131 , the second driving component 160 and the third driving component 170 can be realized by piezoelectric driving components, and in the contracted state (with reference to FIG. 8 ), the driving rods of the second driving assembly 160 and the third driving assembly 170 are accommodated in the annular accommodating cavity 134 .
  • the first driving component 150 may also be implemented by a piezoelectric driving component.
  • the piezoelectric driving components may be arranged in the four corner regions of the inner cavity of the housing 140 .
  • the housing 140 of the optical actuator is substantially rectangular in plan view, while the outer shape of the sleeve assembly is circular.
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic perspective view of a camera module in a retracted state according to an embodiment of the present application. In this figure, the casing 140 is hidden to expose the first driving assembly 150 and its connection with other components of the camera module.
  • a plurality of first driving assemblies 150 may be arranged in a plurality of corner regions, so as to improve the stability of the telescopic sleeve and provide a larger driving force.
  • three first driving assemblies 150 can be arranged in three corner areas, and the remaining one corner area is used for arranging a flexible circuit board, which can be used for connecting with the second driving components located in the inner layer.
  • the assembly 160 and the third driving assembly 170 are electrically connected (the flexible circuit board will be further described below with reference to drawings from other angles).
  • FIG. 11 shows a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the retractable camera module in a retracted state from a top view angle according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the top cover portion of the module is hidden in FIG. 11 to clearly show the structure inside the module.
  • the flexible circuit board can be It is installed on a bracket 159 to provide certain support and protection for the flexible circuit board to avoid problems such as poor contact or open circuit caused by the telescopic movement of the sleeve.
  • three second drive assemblies 160 and three third drive assemblies 170 are provided, and the three second drive assemblies 160 and the three third drive assemblies 170 are all disposed between the lens carrier 133 and the third cylinder wall 131 An annular accommodating cavity 134 is formed between them. And, in a plan view, the second driving assemblies 160 and the third driving assemblies 170 are alternately arranged.
  • FIG. 12 shows a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a cut-away retractable camera module in an extended state in a horizontal view angle according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the first driving assembly 150 is connected to the housing 140 and the first-layer sleeve 110 .
  • the first driving assembly 150 may include a first driving rod 151 , a first fixing part 152 , a first piezoelectric element mounted on the first fixing part 152 and a first moving block 153 (refer to FIG. 10 in combination).
  • the first fixing portion 152 may be directly or indirectly fixed to the housing 140 .
  • the first fixing portion 152 is disposed at the bottom of the cavity formed by the housing 140 (the cavity may be formed by the housing 140 and the top surface of the photosensitive assembly 200 ) (for example, the first fixing portion 152 may be installed on the top surface of the photosensitive assembly 200).
  • the first fixing portion 152 may also be arranged on the top of the cavity formed by the housing 140 .
  • the top end of the first driving rod 151 can also be provided with a first limiting structure 154 , and the first moving block 153 can be driven between the first limiting structure 154 and the first fixing portion 152 by the piezoelectric element. slide.
  • the first moving block 153 may be fixed on the first bottom plate 112 or the first cylinder wall 111 of the first-layer sleeve 110 . In this embodiment, the first moving block 153 is disposed on the outer side of the first cylinder wall 111. In a specific implementation, four floating structures may be set at the bottom of the first layer of the sleeve 110, and each floating structure corresponds to one The first drive assembly 150 .
  • the first moving block 153 is fixed to the floating structure, or the first moving block 153 is constituted by the floating structure itself.
  • the floating structure When the floating structure itself constitutes the first moving block 153 , the floating structure can be provided with a through hole and the first driving rod 151 passes through the through hole, the inner side of the through hole and the outer side of the first driving rod 151 The required frictional force is formed so as to realize the inertial driving of the first moving block 151 and the first-layer sleeve 110 under the vibration of the piezoelectric element.
  • the floating structure of the first-layer sleeve 110 is disposed at the bottom of the first-layer sleeve 110 , when the first moving block 151 is moved to the top of the first driving rod 151 , the first-layer sleeve 110 is Push up, so that the first-layer sleeve 110 extends to the outside of the casing 140 .
  • the floating structure refers to a structure protruding to the outside formed by horizontally extending the bottom of the sleeve (for example, the bottom of the cylinder wall) to the outside (for example, the floating structure may be the first floating structure 153a, 153b and 153c).
  • the floating structure can only be arranged at the position corresponding to the driving rod, and does not need to extend outward as a whole on the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder wall.
  • the concept of inward floating structure will also appear in the following text.
  • the inner floating structure refers to the inwardly protruding structure formed by the horizontal extension of the bottom of the cylinder wall inward, and the inward floating structure can be used as a driving rod corresponding to its position. (for example, the second moving block 163 in FIG. 12, in fact, the second moving block 163 is a floating structure).
  • the floating structure can only be provided at the position corresponding to the driving rod, and does not need to extend inward as a whole on the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder wall.
  • the bottom plate can be partially hollowed out to avoid the inner floating structure; or the inner floating structure can be eliminated.
  • the second driving assembly 160 is connected to the first-layer sleeve 110 and the second-layer sleeve 120 .
  • the second driving assembly 160 may include a second driving rod 161 , a second fixing part 162 , a second piezoelectric element mounted on the second fixing part 162 , and a second moving block 163 .
  • the second moving block 163 may be disposed on the inner side of the second cylinder wall 121 , and the second bottom plate 122 may be provided with a second through hole for the second driving rod 161 to pass through.
  • the second moving block 163 may be fixed on the second base plate 122, or the structure of the second base plate 122 forming the second through hole may be directly regarded as the second moving block 163 of the second driving assembly 160 (the second The inner side surface of the through hole is in contact with the outer side surface of the second driving rod 161 and forms the required frictional force, so as to realize inertial drive under the vibration of the piezoelectric element).
  • the third driving assembly 170 is connected to the second-layer sleeve 120 and the third-layer sleeve 130 .
  • the third driving assembly 170 may include a third driving rod 171 , a third fixing part 172 , a third piezoelectric element mounted on the third fixing part 172 , and a third moving block 173 .
  • the third moving block 173 may be disposed on the inner side of the third cylinder wall 131, and the bottom of the outer side surface of the lens carrier 133 of the third layer sleeve 130 may extend outward to form three third floating structures.
  • the third floating structure can be used to fix the third moving block 173 , or the floating structure can be directly used as the third moving block 173 .
  • the third floating structure has a third through hole for the third driving rod 171 to pass therethrough.
  • the inner side surface of the third through hole is in contact with the outer side surface of the third driving rod 171 and forms required frictional force, so as to realize inertial driving under the vibration of the piezoelectric element.
  • FIG. 13 shows a schematic exploded perspective view of the second-layer sleeve and the third-layer sleeve in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the second-layer sleeve 120 includes a second cylindrical wall 121 and a second bottom plate 122 , and the third driving rod 171 of the third driving assembly is disposed on the inner side of the second cylindrical wall 121 .
  • the third fixing portion 172 is disposed on the second base plate 122 , and the third piezoelectric element is mounted on the third fixing portion 172 .
  • the bottom end of the third driving rod 171 is connected to the third piezoelectric element, and the top end of the third driving rod 171 may be provided with a limiting structure 171a.
  • the outer side of the lens carrier 133 of the third layer sleeve 130 may be provided with third floating structures 173a, 173b, etc. (in this embodiment, three third floating structures may be provided, one of which is blocked in FIG. 13).
  • the third floating structure has a third through hole, and the third driving rod 171 can pass through the third through hole, so as to connect the second-layer sleeve 120 and the third-layer sleeve 130 together.
  • the third floating structures 173a and 173b can be regarded as the third moving block of the third driving component. Under the action of the third piezoelectric element, the third moving block can rise along the third driving rod 171 or descending, thereby driving the third-layer sleeve 130 to expand and contract relative to the second-layer sleeve 120 .
  • FIG. 14 shows a schematic exploded perspective view of the first-layer sleeve and the second-layer sleeve in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the first-layer sleeve 110 includes a first cylindrical wall 111 and a first bottom plate 112 .
  • the second-layer sleeve 120 includes a second cylindrical wall 121 and a second bottom plate 122 .
  • the second driving rod 161 of the second driving assembly is disposed inside the second cylinder wall 121 .
  • the second fixing portion is disposed on the first base plate 112
  • the second piezoelectric element 162 a is connected to the bottom end of the second driving rod 161 .
  • the second piezoelectric element 162a is fixed to the second fixing portion (the second fixing portion is hidden in FIG. 14 ).
  • the second moving block 163 is mounted on the second driving rod 161 and can move along the second driving rod 161 .
  • the second moving block 163 can be fixed on the bottom of the second layer of the sleeve 120 .
  • the second moving block 163 may be installed on the bottom plate 122 of the second-layer sleeve 120 (the bottom plate 122 may have a second through hole, and the inner side of the second through hole may directly contact the second driving rod 161 and provide required frictional force, so that the second through hole and its surrounding structures directly constitute the second moving block 163).
  • an inner floating structure can also be provided on the inner side of the second cylinder wall 121 and the second moving block 163 can be mounted on the inner floating structure (the inner floating structure can have a second through hole, the first The inner side of the two through holes can directly contact the second driving rod 161 and provide required frictional force, so that the inner floating structure directly constitutes the second moving block 163).
  • the second moving block 163 can move along the second driving rod 161 under the driving of the second piezoelectric element 162 and the second driving rod 161 , so that the second layer of the sleeve 120 is relative to the first layer. Telescoping of the sleeve 110.
  • both the second bottom plate 122 and the first bottom plate 112 are provided with strip-shaped avoidance holes, and the strip-shaped avoidance holes can allow the flexible circuit board to pass through.
  • These flexible circuit boards can be used to electrically connect the first drive assembly, the second drive assembly, and the third drive assembly with the module circuit of the camera module, so as to provide the first drive assembly, the second drive assembly and the third drive assembly. required drive voltage.
  • FIG. 15 shows a schematic exploded perspective view of the housing, the photosensitive assembly and the first-layer sleeve in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the periphery of the first bottom plate 112 or the bottom of the first cylindrical wall 111 may extend outward to form three outwardly protruding first floating structures 153a, 153b and 153c.
  • the three first floating structures 153 a , 153 b and 153 c may serve as the first moving blocks of the three first driving assemblies 150 .
  • the first moving block can move along the first driving rod, so as to realize the expansion and contraction of the first layer sleeve 110 relative to the casing 140 .
  • the multi-stage piezoelectric drive rods can push the sleeves at different levels up or down step by step, so that the top sleeve (referring to the extended state) The total reach of the lowermost sleeve) is extended, thereby increasing the back focus distance in telephoto shooting.
  • the extension distance of the top sleeve can be extended by increasing the number of sleeve layers, thereby further improving the back focus distance and magnification of telephoto shooting.
  • the sleeves of any adjacent layers may be connected by the piezoelectric drive assembly.
  • the fixing part of the piezoelectric drive assembly can be fixed on the i-th layer of sleeves, the fixing part can be located at the bottom of the i-th layer of sleeves, and the driving rod can be in a vertical state (that is, the axis of the driving rod and the The axes of the sleeves are approximately parallel).
  • the moving block is mounted on the driving rod and can move in a vertical direction along the driving rod.
  • the moving block is fixed to the i+1th layer sleeve.
  • the moving block is fixed with the bottom of the sleeve of the i+1th layer. In this way, the sleeve of the i+1 layer can be moved in the vertical direction under the driving of the moving block, so as to realize the expansion and contraction of the sleeve of the i+1 layer relative to the sleeve of the i layer.
  • i 1, 2, ..., N-2, N-1.
  • the multi-layer sleeves can be connected layer by layer (the connection is a movable connection) based on this piezoelectric drive assembly, so as to realize a wide range of expansion and contraction of the multi-layer sleeve.
  • the piezoelectric-driven sleeve-type actuator of this embodiment can reduce the pre-installation space inside the smart terminal in the retracted state.
  • the optical path length of the module can reach several times the thickness of the smart terminal (such as a mobile phone) itself, which is sufficient to support the needs of telephoto shooting, and the optical path No turning is required.
  • the top sleeve will have a greater reach.
  • the piezoelectric driving rods in the telescopic module for driving telescopic telescopic sleeves at different levels may be arranged in the same accommodating cavity, so as to avoid multiple A plurality of mutually isolated accommodating cavities are arranged between the cylinder walls of two adjacent sleeves, which is beneficial to reduce the structural complexity of the module.
  • the drive rods of different levels can be arranged in the same annular accommodating cavity, when the telescopic sleeve assembly is assembled, there can be a larger installation space, which is convenient for the automatic assembly of the actual product.
  • each layer of the sleeve may have a plurality of piezoelectric driving components, and these piezoelectric driving components may be evenly distributed in different directions from a top view, so as to provide
  • the sleeve provides a stable support, which is beneficial to ensure the straightness of the telescopic sleeve (ie, to ensure that the telescopic direction of each sleeve is kept on the same straight line as much as possible).
  • the Nth layer sleeve (the topmost sleeve) includes an Nth layer barrel wall, a top cover and the lens carrier; the inner part of the Nth layer barrel wall
  • the side surface, the outer side surface of the lens carrier and the lower surface of the top cover form the annular accommodating cavity.
  • the two sleeves can be jointly supported by at least one piezoelectric driving component and at least one auxiliary guiding structure.
  • at least one piezoelectric driving assembly and at least one auxiliary guiding structure connected between the same pair of adjacent layer sleeves are evenly distributed around the lens carrier.
  • the piezoelectric drive assemblies and the auxiliary guide structures located at different levels are staggered in the circumferential direction and distributed in a single ring shape (installed between the inner side of the casing and the outer side of the sleeve assembly). Excluding Piezo Drive Components and Auxiliary Guidance Structures). Further, in some embodiments, in a top view, a plurality of the piezoelectric driving components at the same level are evenly distributed around the lens carrier. In the contracted state, the piezoelectric driving components of different layers are arranged alternately in sequence in the annular accommodating cavity.
  • the piezoelectric driving components located at different levels are staggered in the circumferential direction and distributed in a single ring.
  • the circumferential direction refers to the circumferential direction.
  • Circumferential staggering is staggering along the circumferential direction, rather than radially staggering.
  • Radial refers to the diameter direction.
  • the circumferentially staggered design results in that the piezoelectric drive components and auxiliary guiding structures of different layers are distributed on the same ring (ie, distributed on a single ring or in a single ring), rather than two or more. on many concentric rings. This design can improve the space utilization rate of the annular accommodating cavity and help reduce the radial size of the module.
  • the sleeves of adjacent layers can be supported by driving rods.
  • the solution of the present application does not need to be installed on the barrel wall of the sleeve.
  • Intricate machining is carried out on the cylinder wall to form the mutual meshing between the cylinder walls. This will help reduce the thickness of the side wall of the sleeve, thereby reducing the radial dimension of the module.
  • the smaller wall thickness of each layer of sleeves also helps to improve the aesthetics of the sleeves in the extended state, and is beneficial to increase the market value of the product.
  • gaps between the walls of the sleeves of adjacent layers may be referred to as an inner layer sleeve and an outer layer sleeve, the gap here is It can be understood as the gap between the outer surface of the inner sleeve and the inner surface of the outer sleeve), and the gap may be less than 0.1 mm.
  • the sleeves of adjacent layers can be supported by the drive rods, so there is no need to perform complicated machining on the barrel walls of the sleeves to form the mutual engagement between the barrel walls. This will help reduce the thickness of the side wall of the sleeve, thereby reducing the radial dimension of the module. At the same time, the smaller wall thickness of each layer of sleeves also helps to improve the aesthetics of the sleeves in the extended state, and is beneficial to increase the market value of the product.
  • the gap there may be gaps between the walls of the sleeves of adjacent layers (for the sleeves of adjacent layers, it may be referred to as an inner layer sleeve and an outer layer sleeve, the gap here is It can be understood as the gap between the outer side of the inner sleeve and the inner side of the outer sleeve), for example, the gap can be 0.05mm-0.1mm.
  • the gap between the walls of the sleeve can be very small in the solution of this embodiment, and the gap is sufficient to avoid friction between the walls of the sleeve caused by the telescopic movement of the sleeve. .
  • the reduced gap between the barrel walls will help reduce the radial dimension of the telescopic optical actuator, which is the dimension perpendicular to the optical axis, where the optical axis refers to the telescopic optical actuator.
  • the direction of the optical axis is basically the same as the direction of the central axis of the sleeve.
  • the optical axis direction is also substantially the same as the direction in which the sleeve expands and contracts. Further, if the cylinder wall surface (referring to the outer side or the inner side) of the sleeve is sufficiently smooth, the gap between the cylinder walls can be further reduced, and even the inner and outer adjacent cylinder walls can be in direct contact.
  • a light-passing hole may be provided in the center of the bottom plate of each sleeve of the sleeve assembly, so that light can pass through each layer of sleeves.
  • a base plate eg, the first base plate of the first layer of sleeves or the second base plate of the second layer of sleeves
  • part or all of the bottom plate of the sleeve can be eliminated, and the piezoelectric drive assembly can be mounted on the outer or inner floating structure of the cylinder wall at this time.
  • the bottom surface of the optical lens in the retracted state of the retractable camera module, may be lower than the bottom surface of the first-layer sleeve.
  • this design is used herein. It becomes the sunken design of the optical lens. 8 and 9, in one embodiment, the axial length of the lens carrier 133 of the top sleeve may be smaller than the axial length of the optical lens (here the axial length refers to the dimension in the direction of the optical axis, the axial length Also called height). In this way, a lower portion of the optical lens 300 may be exposed outside the lens carrier 133 .
  • the height of the optical lens can be greater than the height of the top sleeve, or even the height of the first sleeve, so it is helpful to arrange a larger number of lenses in the optical lens to improve the optical lens. image quality.
  • the optical lens with a large height can still be accommodated in the cavity formed by the housing 140 and the photosensitive component 200 in the retracted state, which can maximize the use of the interior of the smart terminal device (such as a mobile phone) Space.
  • the piezoelectric driving assemblies of each sleeve of the sleeve assembly may be electrically connected through a foldable circuit board, and the foldable circuit board may include a plurality of hard boards and are connected to the hard boards.
  • the soft plate between the plates so that during the relative expansion and contraction of the sleeve, a plurality of hard plates can be unfolded and folded, so as to realize the electrical connection of each piezoelectric driving component and provide driving for the corresponding piezoelectric driving component voltage, and avoids or inhibits the resistance exerted by the power supply line on the expansion and contraction of the sleeve assembly.
  • auxiliary guide structures may include, for example, a guide column with a vertical guide groove thereon.
  • the bottom of the guide column can be connected to the sleeve of the i-1 layer, for example, the bottom plate of the sleeve of the i-1 layer can be connected.
  • a sliding block can be connected to the cylinder wall or bottom plate of the i-th layer of sleeve, and the sliding block can slide along the guide column.
  • the sliding block is provided with a ball accommodating groove, the ball is located in the ball accommodating groove, and the ball is supported between the guide column and the sliding block, so that when the sliding block slides along the guide column , the ball can roll along the vertical guide groove, and the ball is always located between the ball accommodating groove and the vertical guide groove.
  • This ball-based auxiliary guiding structure can reduce the resistance of the i-th layer sleeve to the telescopic movement relative to the i-1-th layer sleeve.
  • the auxiliary guide structure can enhance the stability and straightness of the telescopic sleeve, and at the same time can help reduce the number of piezoelectric driving components and corresponding driving lines, so as to reduce the cost and the difficulty of the assembly process.
  • the guide column of the auxiliary guide structure can be eliminated, and the vertical guide groove can be provided on the inner side surface of the cylinder wall of the i-1th layer sleeve.
  • i may be 1, in this case, the i-1th layer of sleeves is the 0th layer of sleeves, and the casing may be regarded as the 0th layer of sleeves. That is to say, the vertical guide grooves may be provided on the housing, for example, on a guide column directly or indirectly connected with the housing, or directly on the inner side surface of the housing.
  • the first-layer sleeve can expand and contract relative to the housing under the combined action of the piezoelectric drive assembly and the auxiliary guide structure.
  • the i 3, that is, the sleeve assembly has three layers of sleeves (if the casing is regarded as the 0th layer of sleeves, there are four sleeves in total).
  • the number of the first piezoelectric driving components may be two, which are respectively disposed in two diagonal corner areas, and the other two diagonal corner areas may be provided with first auxiliary guiding structures.
  • the number of the second piezoelectric driving components may be four, and the second piezoelectric driving components are evenly distributed and dislocated from the first piezoelectric driving components and the first auxiliary guiding structure.
  • third piezoelectric driving components may be provided, and the third piezoelectric driving components are evenly distributed and arranged at a dislocation from the first piezoelectric driving components, the first auxiliary guiding structure, and the second piezoelectric driving components.
  • part of the second piezoelectric drive assembly may be replaced by the second auxiliary guide structure.
  • part of the third piezoelectric drive assembly may be replaced by a third auxiliary guide structure.
  • the sleeve assembly has a three-layer sleeve, and in the fully extended state of the sleeve-type module, the back focus distance is 15-25mm (the back focus distance D can be In conjunction with reference to Figure 5).
  • the height of the sleeve-type optical actuator is: 5mm-10mm.
  • the protruding distance of the top surface of the sleeve assembly relative to the top surface of the casing is: 20mm-35mm.
  • the ratio of the extension distance L1 of the telescopic optical actuator to the original height L2 of the telescopic optical actuator is in the range of 2-5, that is, the range of L1/L2 is 2-5.
  • the range of L1/L2 is 3-4.
  • the extension distance L1 of the telescopic optical actuator here refers to the extension distance that does not include the original height of the telescopic optical actuator itself.
  • the top surfaces of the sleeves of each layer of the sleeve assembly are flush.
  • a top cover may be provided on the second top sleeve (ie, the N-1th layer of sleeves), and the topmost sleeve (ie, the Nth layer of sleeves) may be Cancel the top cover, at this time, the barrel wall of the topmost sleeve can be merged with the lens carrier, that is, the lens carrier can be directly used as the barrel wall of the topmost sleeve.
  • the height of the top cover of the sub-top sleeve is higher than the floating structure on the outer side of the lens carrier, so as to shield the floating structure and the driving components connected thereto.
  • the telescopic optical actuator may be used in a camera module to constitute a telescopic camera module.
  • the camera module includes a sleeve-type optical actuator, an optical lens and a photosensitive component.
  • An optical lens may be mounted in the topmost sleeve of the sleeve assembly.
  • the photosensitive component includes a photosensitive chip, and the photosensitive chip is used for receiving the light passing through the optical lens and outputting imaging data; the casing of the sleeve-type optical actuator is fixed on the photosensitive component.
  • the sleeve-type camera module may further include a telescopic control unit, which is used to control the telescoping of each layer of the sleeves through a driving voltage.
  • a step-by-step control method can be used, that is, after the first layer of sleeve is lifted and lowered, the second layer of sleeve is lifted and lowered, and after the second layer of sleeve is lifted, the third layer of sleeve is lifted and lowered. (that is, the optical lens) is lifted and lowered, and the focus of the lens is performed after the lifting is completed.
  • the lower sleeve (i-th sleeve) completes the movement, it can provide a stable base for the movement of the upper sleeve, thereby ensuring the movement accuracy of the multi-layer sleeve telescopic.
  • the outermost sleeve can be extended (raised) first, then the middle sleeve, and finally the innermost sleeve. Focus.
  • you need to switch from the telephoto shooting state to the normal shooting state you can first shrink (lower) the outermost sleeve, then shrink the middle sleeve, and finally shrink the innermost sleeve. tube to focus.
  • the telescopic control unit can first retract (lower) the innermost sleeve, then retract the middle sleeve, and finally retract the outermost sleeve , after all retracted in place, then focus by raising and lowering the innermost sleeve.
  • the telescopic camera module based on the telescopic optical actuator can be used for telephoto shooting, and can also be used for ordinary shooting (for example, shooting at a standard focal length),
  • the sleeve-type optical actuator can be used for telephoto shooting in the extended state, and can be used for ordinary shooting (such as shooting at standard focal lengths) in the retracted state (regardless of the lifting and lowering of the small distance of the sleeve for focusing) .
  • the telescopic camera module based on the telescopic optical actuator can form a multi-camera module with other camera modules, and the retractable camera module can be dedicated to telephoto shooting, Ordinary shooting (such as shooting at a standard focal length) can be completed by other modules (such as the main camera) in the multi-camera module.
  • the retractable camera module can be in a non-working state in the retracted state.
  • the telescopic control unit may also be used to control the simultaneous lifting and lowering of multiple sleeves, and start and complete the focusing work during the lifting and lowering process.
  • This design can speed up the response of the telescopic optical actuator.
  • control method of the telescopic control unit may be as follows: firstly, the sleeves of each layer are controlled to be fully extended (that is, fully extended), and then the other sleeves except the topmost sleeve remain stationary. , and then individually control the top sleeve to achieve focus movement.
  • the control method of the telescopic control unit may be: each sleeve can be independently controlled to move, and each layer of sleeves can be expanded to different positions, so as to realize the camera Multi-layer stepless zoom of the module.
  • zooming the innermost sleeve is preferentially driven to achieve zooming and focusing.
  • the second outer sleeve is activated to participate in the work.
  • the outermost sleeve is activated until fully expanded.
  • the outermost sleeve can also be driven first. If the stroke of the outermost sleeve is insufficient, the second outer sleeve is driven. If the stroke is still insufficient, the innermost sleeve is driven until it is fully deployed.
  • the telescopic control unit may be implemented by pre-programming the drive logic into the module drive control module.
  • the driving logic may include: before the sleeve starts to move, firstly, the module detects the focal length that needs to be used for shooting and converts it into the stroke that the sleeve needs to run, and selects the drive configuration of the sleeve through stroke matching.
  • the required stroke of the lens when the required stroke of the lens is less than the stroke of the innermost sleeve, only the innermost sleeve can be driven to move the lens to the required position; when the required stroke of the lens is greater than the stroke of the innermost sleeve and less than the stroke of the second outer sleeve, Only the secondary outer sleeve can be driven to move the lens to the desired position; when the required travel of the lens is greater than the stroke of the secondary outer sleeve and less than the stroke of the outermost sleeve, only the outermost sleeve can be driven to move the lens to the desired position .
  • the sleeve stroke combination is ab, a Combination of bc, ac and abc, with additional drive modes for individually driving a, b or c sleeves.
  • the sleeve combination with the smallest driving mass is preferred.
  • the driving mass of the ab combination is actually the sum of the driving masses of the three sleeves a, b, and c, and the mass of the bc combination is b and c.
  • the sum of the driving masses of the three sleeves, the driving mass of the combination of ac actually also includes the sum of the driving masses of the three sleeves a, b, and c, and the actual driving masses of the a, b, and c three sleeves alone are also driven.
  • the sum of the driving masses of the two sleeves, the actual driving mass of the b-sleeve alone is the sum of the driving masses of the two sleeves b and c, and the actual driving mass of the c-sleeve alone is the driving mass of the c-sleeve itself.
  • the priority from high to low is: single drive c sleeve (lightest), single drive b sleeve, combined drive bc sleeve combination (The driving mass is actually the same as driving the b-sleeve alone), driving the a-sleeve alone, driving the ac-sleeve combination, driving the ab-sleeve combination, driving the abc-sleeve combination. That is, the priority is: c>b>bc>a>ac>ab>abc.
  • the telescopic control unit may preferentially select the sleeve or sleeve combination with the smallest total driving mass under the premise of satisfying the lens travel requirement, and then control all the sleeve assemblies. Telescopic movement of the selected sleeve or sleeve combination.
  • the telescopic control unit may preferentially select a sleeve combination or a single sleeve that requires the least number of sleeves on the premise of meeting the lens travel requirements , and then control the selected sleeve combination or single sleeve for telescopic movement.
  • the sleeve-type camera module can be installed in a terminal device (such as a smart phone).
  • the sleeve assembly in the sleeve-type optical actuator can extend out of the housing of the terminal device.
  • the terminal device such as a smartphone
  • the terminal device can perform telephoto shooting
  • the terminal device such as a smart phone
  • Standard focal length shots or other types of shots that don't require a longer light path).
  • the terminal device (such as a smart phone) may also be equipped with a multi-camera module, and the multi-camera module may include the sleeve-type camera module, in the sleeve-type optical module.
  • the end device such as a smartphone
  • the end device can be used for telephoto shooting
  • the end device such as a smartphone
  • standard focal length Shooting or other types of shooting that do not require a longer light path
  • can be accomplished by using other camera modules referring to modules other than the telescopic camera module in the multi-camera module.
  • the meaning of the sleeves of adjacent layers mainly refers to two layers of sleeves that are adjacent to each other up and down in the extended state.
  • the upper and lower adjacent sleeves are the inner and outer adjacent sleeves of the cylinder wall.
  • the upper and lower adjacent sleeves may not be the inner and outer adjacent sleeves.
  • the level of the sleeve is determined by the level of the piezoelectric drive assembly in the fully extended state of the actuator, rather than the relationship between the inside and outside of the barrel wall of each sleeve in the sleeve assembly. Decide.
  • the piezoelectric elements of all the piezoelectric driving assemblies at the same level may be mounted on the bottom end of the piezoelectric driving rod.
  • the piezoelectric element needs to receive the driving voltage, and the circuit board of the camera module is usually located under the sleeve assembly, so the piezoelectric element is arranged at the bottom end of the piezoelectric driving rod, which will help shorten the wiring distance and make the corresponding flexible circuit Board or foldable circuit boards are easier to install.
  • the piezoelectric elements of all the piezoelectric driving assemblies at the same level may also be mounted on the top of the piezoelectric driving rod.
  • the piezoelectric elements of all piezoelectric driving assemblies on the same level are installed at the same end of the piezoelectric driving rod, which will facilitate the cooperative work of multiple piezoelectric elements.
  • the driving algorithms of piezoelectric driving components at the same level can be consistent, thereby reducing the difficulty of implementing the driving algorithms.
  • some of the piezoelectric elements of the piezoelectric driving assemblies may be mounted on the bottom of the piezoelectric driving rod
  • the other part of the piezoelectric element of the piezoelectric driving assembly can be mounted on the top end of the piezoelectric driving rod.
  • one end is connected to the sleeve through the piezoelectric element and the fixed part, and the sleeve can be more stably supported compared to the friction-based connection method of the moving block.
  • the design scheme of this embodiment for the upper sleeve supported by the driving rod, some of the supporting points are realized by piezoelectric elements and the fixed part, compared with all supporting points which rely on friction (the driving rod and the moving block) The friction force between them) is used to realize the support, and the design scheme of this embodiment can improve the stability of the support of the drive rod to the sleeve to a certain extent.
  • a position detection device such as a Hall element
  • a Hall element may be provided (eg embedded) on the side wall of the sleeve to detect the positional relationship between the sleeve and the sleeve, thereby improving control precision.
  • a position detection device eg, a Hall element
  • the photosensitive component of the camera module has a chip OIS anti-shake function, so as to compensate for the shaking of the camera module or the smart terminal device (such as a mobile phone) through the lateral movement of the photosensitive chip.
  • the anti-shake function is usually set on the lens side, and with the improvement of lens quality (for example, glass lenses replace plastic lenses, the use of periscope lenses, etc. will increase the lens quality), it will lead to traditional The driving force provided by the motor is insufficient, and the accuracy of the anti-shake adjustment will also be affected.
  • the telescopic lens assembly that is, the assembly formed by installing the optical lens on the telescopic optical actuator
  • its mass will be further increased.
  • the telescopic lens assembly by driving the lateral movement of the photosensitive chip, To solve the anti-shake problem in the module shooting process, it can reduce the driving force requirement for the anti-shake driving element. At the same time, since the telescopic lens assembly itself does not need to consider the anti-shake problem, it can simplify the operation of the telescopic lens assembly.
  • the structure is conducive to the miniaturization of the camera module.
  • the piezoelectric drive assembly is briefly described in the foregoing (refer to FIG. 7 ) by taking the Tula scheme as an example.
  • the Tula scheme please refer to CN204993106U.
  • the piezoelectric driving component may also adopt other types of piezoelectric driving schemes other than the Tula scheme, such as the multi-layer piezoelectric element scheme, the USM scheme, and the like.
  • the implementation details of the linear actuation scheme can refer to CN107046093B, and the implementation details of the USM scheme can refer to CN10109301B.
  • piezoelectric driving components all have a fixed part, a piezoelectric element mounted on the fixed part, a driving rod (the top or bottom end of the driving rod is mounted on the piezoelectric element) and A moving block mounted on the drive rod and movable along the drive rod.
  • the moving block may be formed separately or integrally formed with the driven object (for example, the driven sleeve).
  • the Tula solution and the multi-layer piezoelectric device solution are both linear actuation solutions. They have the advantages of small size, large thrust and high precision, and the driving structure is relatively simple, suitable for driving heavier products and suitable for large camera modules. Product trends such as image surfaces and glass lenses are used for chip image stabilization, prism image stabilization, etc.
  • the multi-layer piezoelectric element scheme has a smaller area than the piezoelectric element of the Tula scheme (the piezoelectric element is disc-shaped from a top view, and the area here refers to the area of the disc), so it helps to reduce the size of the sleeve optics.
  • the radial dimension of the actuator and the corresponding camera module (the radial dimension is the dimension perpendicular to the optical axis).
  • the Tula scheme has a smaller thickness of the piezoelectric element, that is, the axial dimension is smaller (the axial dimension is the dimension in the direction parallel to the optical axis), which helps to reduce the sleeve size.
  • Axial dimensions of the cartridge optical actuator and the corresponding camera module extends through the side of the base of the linear actuator, and the circuit is relatively simple, which is suitable for use in a module with compact space.
  • the USM solution has the advantage of large thrust, and is suitable for situations where a camera module requires a large image surface, and a glass lens group is used.
  • more control forms can be realized, and forward, backward and rotation control can be realized, and more anti-shake or actuation functions can be realized, especially suitable for chip anti-shake solutions.
  • the USM scheme occupies a relatively large volume.
  • at least two sleeves in a sleeve-type optical actuator are connected by a piezoelectric drive assembly.
  • the piezoelectric drive assembly includes a fixed portion, a piezoelectric element mounted on the fixed portion, a driving rod with one end mounted on the piezoelectric element, and a moving block mounted on the driving rod and movable along the driving rod , the moving block is fixed on or directly formed on the bottom of one of the sleeves of the sleeve assembly, and the fixed portion is fixed on or directly formed on the bottom of the other sleeve of the sleeve assembly;
  • the moving block can move along the driving rod, so that the sleeve connected to the moving block extends or retracts relative to the other sleeve connected to the fixed portion.
  • the entire sleeve assembly can be lifted out of the casing (from the center of the casing) through a drive device (which can be called a sleeve assembly drive device) installed inside the casing (such as the square casing of the actuator).
  • a drive device which can be called a sleeve assembly drive device
  • At least one of the sleeves is raised by the piezoelectric drive assembly installed in the sleeve assembly, because the movement stroke of the sleeve can be consistent with the movement stroke provided by the driving device in the housing superimposed, thus effectively extending the reach of the top sleeve.
  • the drive device installed inside the housing can be a piezoelectric drive assembly, or other types of drive assemblies, such as stepper motors, electromagnetic drive assemblies, SMA (shape memory alloy) drive components, etc.
  • the sleeve assembly driving device may be provided in the gap between the inner side surface of the housing and the outer side surface of the sleeve assembly. Since the casing is rectangular and the sleeve assembly can be circular in plan view, the sleeve assembly driving device can be arranged in the four corner areas of the casing.
  • the piezoelectric drive rod of the piezoelectric drive assembly in the present application can form a support for the sleeve, so the structural strength requirements of the sleeve barrel itself can be reduced, the thickness of the sleeve barrel wall, and the inner and outer sleeves can be reduced. The spacing between the barrel walls can all be reduced, thus helping to reduce the radial dimension of the sleeve optical actuator.
  • a and B are connected together means: A and B are formed separately and then A is installed on B, or A and B are integrally formed. After A and B are connected together, the combination of A and B moves together as a whole.
  • the photosensitive component of the camera module has a chip OIS anti-shake function, so as to compensate the camera module by the lateral movement of the photosensitive chip (the lateral direction here refers to the direction perpendicular to the optical axis). Jitter of groups or smart end devices (such as mobile phones).
  • the anti-shake function is usually set on the lens side, and with the improvement of lens quality (for example, glass lenses replace plastic lenses, the use of periscope lenses, etc. will increase the lens quality), it will lead to traditional The driving force provided by the motor is insufficient, and the accuracy of the anti-shake adjustment will also be affected.
  • the telescopic lens assembly that is, the assembly formed by installing the optical lens on the telescopic optical actuator
  • its mass will be further increased.
  • by driving the lateral movement of the photosensitive chip To solve the anti-shake problem in the module shooting process, it can reduce the driving force requirement for the anti-shake driving element.
  • the telescopic lens assembly itself does not need to consider the anti-shake problem, it can simplify the operation of the telescopic lens assembly.
  • the structure is conducive to the miniaturization of the camera module.
  • FIG. 16 shows a schematic exploded perspective view of a photosensitive assembly in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the photosensitive component includes a support base 210 , a first chip carrier 220 , a photosensitive chip 230 , a first electromagnetic driving component 240 , a second electromagnetic driving component 250 , and a second chip carrier 260 , the module circuit board 270 and the housing base 280 .
  • the housing base 280 includes a bottom plate 281 and a side wall 282 .
  • the support base 210 is fixed on the housing base 280 and constitutes the upper cover of the photosensitive assembly.
  • the support base 210 and the housing base 280 can encapsulate other parts of the photosensitive assembly inside, so as to play a protective role. Meanwhile, the support base 210 can also play a role of supporting the sleeve-type optical actuator.
  • the casing 140 (referring to the square casing of the telescopic optical actuator) can be fixed integrally with the support base 210 and the casing base 280 .
  • a first chip carrier 220 , a photosensitive chip 230 , a second chip carrier 260 and a module circuit board 270 are arranged under the support base 210 in sequence.
  • the second chip carrier 260 is in the shape of a flat plate, and the photosensitive chip 230 is mounted on the upper surface of the second chip carrier 260 .
  • the combination of the photosensitive chip 230 and the second chip carrier 260 is mounted on the upper surface of the module circuit board 270 .
  • the modular circuit board 270 may include a hard board 271 , an S-shaped flexible board 272 and a connecting portion 273 .
  • the hard board 271 may be a PCB board with a rectangular shape. Four sides of the hard board 271 are respectively connected to the S-shaped flexible board 272 (wherein each side can be connected to a plurality of S-shaped flexible boards 272 ), and the other end of the S-shaped flexible board 272 is connected to the connecting portion 273 .
  • the connecting portion 273 is supported against the side wall 282 of the housing base 280 , and the connecting portion 273 can be used to realize the electrical connection between the module circuit board 270 and the outside world.
  • the support base 210 , the first chip carrier 220 and the second chip carrier 260 are movably connected through balls, so that the second chip carrier 260 can be driven relative to the first chip carrier by the second electromagnetic drive assembly 250 .
  • 220 moves along the x-axis, so that the combination of the first chip carrier 220 and the second chip carrier 260 can move along the y-axis relative to the support base 210 under the driving of the first electromagnetic driving component 240 .
  • the x-axis and the y-axis are both coordinate axes parallel to the surface of the photosensitive chip 230 .
  • the x and y axes are perpendicular to each other.
  • the z-axis represents the coordinate axis in the normal direction of the surface of the photosensitive chip 230 .
  • the telescopic camera module since its lens assembly includes a telescopic optical actuator for realizing the telescopic function, its sleeve assembly and its driving structure (such as pressing a plurality of electric motor assemblies) ) needs to occupy a certain volume (the dimensions in the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis directions may be increased compared with ordinary optical actuators); on the other hand, telescopic camera modules are often used for telephoto shooting, and Telephoto shooting is particularly sensitive to jitter, so the telescopic camera module needs to realize the anti-shake function.
  • the support base is used as the base part to realize the movement of the photosensitive chip relative to the x-axis and the y-axis of the support base through a clever idea, and the vibration of the camera module during the shooting process is compensated by the chip movement. Since the mass of the photosensitive chip is smaller than that of the lens assembly, the driving force required by the driving module for chip anti-shake can also be smaller, which is beneficial to reduce the size of the driving module (such as magnets and coils) itself.
  • the piezoelectric drive components of the telescopic optical actuator will occupy a certain lateral space (that is, the space in the x-axis and y-axis directions) around the lens, and the various components used for the chip anti-shake function can just be arranged in the This part of the lateral space added by the telescopic optical actuator can effectively improve the space utilization of the telescopic camera module.
  • the support seat 210 is located on the uppermost layer of the entire photosensitive assembly (that is to say, the support seat 210 can serve as the upper cover of the photosensitive assembly), which not only plays a guiding role in guiding the photosensitive chip to move in the y-axis direction, In addition, it also plays a role in encapsulating the overall photosensitive assembly, that is, encapsulating other elements of the photosensitive assembly inside the housing base 280, so that the overall structure remains stable in the working state.
  • the integral package formed by the support base 210 and the housing base 280 can support the telescopic lens assembly (including the telescopic optical actuator and the optical lens installed therein), so that, When the telescopic lens performs the telescopic motion, the bottom structure of the telescopic lens can be better ensured to be stable, thereby helping to improve the precision of the telescopic lens' telescopic motion.
  • the telescopic lens assembly including the telescopic optical actuator and the optical lens installed therein
  • FIG. 17 shows an assembly schematic diagram of the internal structure of the photosensitive assembly in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 17 hides the support base 210 . 16 and 17, in one embodiment of the present application, the first chip carrier 220 has a rectangular frame shape, and the center of the first chip carrier 220 is a hollow window (ie, a light window). After assembly, the photosensitive chip 230 can be Set the position of this window.
  • FIG. 18 shows a schematic perspective view of the first chip carrier in an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG.
  • the first chip carrier 220 has two pairs of parallel sides, wherein a pair of parallel sides (may be referred to as the first side 221 ) has a convex cover 221 a formed by the side of the first chip carrier 220 (the first side 221 ).
  • the side 221) is formed by bulging upward.
  • the x-axis magnet 251 is mounted on the lower surface of the boss 221a.
  • the x-axis magnet 251 may be in the shape of a sheet, which is elongated in a plan view and whose length direction is parallel to the first side 221 .
  • the convex cover 221a may be made of a magnetic shielding material so as to prevent or inhibit the first electromagnetic driving assembly 240 (which is composed of the y-axis magnet 241 and the y-axis coil 242 ) and the second electromagnetic driving assembly 250 (which is composed of the x-axis magnet 251 ) and x-axis coil 252) electromagnetic interference.
  • the other pair of parallel sides of the first chip carrier 220 (which may be referred to as the second sides 222 ) have avoidance grooves 222 a adapted to avoid the y-axis magnet 241 .
  • the y-axis magnet 241 may be in a sheet shape, which is elongated in a plan view and whose length direction is parallel to the second side 222 .
  • the x-axis coil 252 and the y-axis coil 242 can be fixed on the second chip carrier 260 or on the module circuit board 270 and are electrically connected to the module circuit board 270 .
  • the x-axis coil 252 is arranged directly under the x-axis magnet 251
  • the y-axis coil 242 is arranged directly under the y-axis magnet 241 .
  • the photosensitive chip 230 can be electrically connected to the module circuit board 270 through a wire bonding process (of course, the photosensitive chip of the present application can also be electrically connected to the module circuit board through other processes) .
  • the x-axis coil 252, the y-axis coil 242 and the connection wires between the photosensitive chip 230 and the module circuit board 270 will not be pulled.
  • the reliability of the module is guaranteed.
  • Four corners of the first chip carrier 220 may be provided with ball holes 223 , and each ball hole 223 may accommodate one ball 224 .
  • the y-axis magnet 241 can be fixed on the lower surface (or inner side) of the support base 210 , and after the assembly is completed, the y-axis magnet 241 is arranged at the position of the escape groove 222 a of the first chip carrier 220 place.
  • the lower surface of the support base 210 also has a first ball guide groove 211 (refer to FIG. 19 ), the position of the first ball guide groove 211 can be adapted to the position of the ball hole of the first chip carrier 220 .
  • the first ball guide groove may be strip-shaped, and its guiding direction is the y-axis direction.
  • Four corners of the second chip carrier 260 may be provided with second ball guide grooves 261 , and the positions of the second ball guide grooves 261 may match the positions of the ball holes 223 of the first chip carrier 220 .
  • the second ball guide groove 261 may be strip-shaped, and its guiding direction is the x-axis direction.
  • the convex cover 221 a of the first chip carrier 220 may have a magnetic conductive hole 221 b.
  • the convex cover 221a may include raised connecting parts 221d on both sides and a plate-shaped convex part 221c in the center.
  • the magnetic conductive hole 221b is disposed on the plate-shaped convex portion 221c of the convex cover 221a, and penetrates through the upper surface and the lower surface of the plate-shaped convex portion 221c.
  • the magnetic field of the magnet installed under the convex cover 221a can be led out through the magnetic conducting hole 221b, so as to ensure sufficient driving force in the corresponding direction (eg, the x-axis direction).
  • the convex cover 221a can still suppress the electromagnetic interference between the first electromagnetic driving assembly 240 and the second electromagnetic driving assembly 250 .
  • the second chip carrier is in the shape of a flat plate, which may also be called a pad.
  • the gasket is attached to the module circuit board, on the one hand, it can increase the structural strength of the module circuit board, and on the other hand, the surface flatness of the gasket can be higher than that of the module circuit board, which is beneficial to provide stability for the movement of the photosensitive chip (for example, it can avoid the bending of the bearing surface of the photosensitive chip during the movement).
  • the height of the housing base is less than or equal to 5 mm
  • the module circuit board is accommodated inside the housing base, and its peripheral side is in contact with the housing base through an S-shaped flexible board and a connector.
  • the x-axis magnet and the y-axis magnet are arranged on the same plane, and the x-axis magnet can be wrapped under the convex cover of the first chip carrier, so that the x-axis magnet and the y-axis magnet can be suppressed. Electromagnetic interference between shaft magnets. At the same time, the x-axis magnet and the y-axis magnet are arranged on the same plane, which can effectively reduce the space occupied by the photosensitive component in the height direction.
  • FIG. 19 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the ball connection of the support seat, the first chip carrier and the second chip carrier in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 20 shows the ball holes of the first chip carrier and the second ball guide grooves of the second chip carrier. Referring to FIG. 19 and FIG. 20 , in this embodiment, the top and bottom of the ball 224 may bear against the lower surface of the support seat 210 and the upper surface of the second chip carrier 260 , respectively.
  • the first chip carrier 220 is located between the support seat 210 and the second chip carrier 260 , and the balls 224 pass through the ball holes 223 of the first chip carrier 220 .
  • the inner side of the ball hole 223 can bear against part of the outer surface of the ball 224, so that after the assembly is completed, between the support seat 210 and the first chip carrier 220 and between the first chip carrier 220 and the second chip carrier 260 There are gaps between them. That is to say, in the z-axis direction (that is, in the direction of the normal line of the surface of the photosensitive chip), between the support seat 210 and the first chip carrier 220 and between the first chip carrier 220 and the second chip carrier 260 all pass through the The balls 224 are supported. It should be noted that FIG.
  • the balls 224 may be arranged in four corners of the first chip carrier 220 from a top view. In other embodiments of the present application, the balls may also be arranged in other positions from a top view, as long as the support seat and the first chip carrier can be supported in the z-axis direction, and the first chip carrier can be supported in the z-axis direction. The support of one chip carrier and the second chip carrier is sufficient.
  • the guide direction of the second ball guide groove 261 is the x-axis direction, which is a direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 20 .
  • the balls 224 can realize rolling support, the friction force of the first chip carrier 220 moving relative to the second chip carrier 260 can be reduced, and the friction force of the first chip carrier 220 moving relative to the support base 210 can also be reduced.
  • only one layer of balls is used to realize the movable connection of movement in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction.
  • the structural complexity of the photosensitive assembly can be reduced, and the photosensitive assembly can also be reduced. high.
  • the reduction of the height of the photosensitive assembly has a more significant effect on the sleeve-type camera module.
  • the sleeve-type optical actuator includes multi-layer retractable sleeves.
  • the height of the photosensitive component is reduced by G, it means that the height of each sleeve of the sleeve-type optical actuator can be increased by G.
  • the total extension distance of the barrel optical actuator can be several times G. This multiple is consistent with the number of sleeves. Therefore, when the height improvement of the photosensitive assembly in this embodiment is applied to a telescopic camera module, the extension distance of the camera module can be significantly increased, thereby providing a stronger telephoto shooting capability.
  • four corner regions of the support base of the photosensitive component may be provided with through holes that allow the piezoelectric driving component to pass through.
  • the bottom of the first piezoelectric drive assembly of the sleeve-type optical actuator can be arranged in the photosensitive assembly, for example, the fixing block of the first piezoelectric drive assembly can be installed on the module base, and the drive rod of the first piezoelectric drive assembly can pass through the through hole of the support base.
  • the design scheme of this embodiment can increase the moving stroke provided by the first piezoelectric drive assembly on the premise of the same module height, thereby Increase the reach of telescopic optical actuators.

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种套筒式光学致动器，其包括：壳体；以及套筒组件，其安装在所述壳体内，并且其适于整体地伸出所述壳体或者收缩在所述壳体中；所述套筒组件包括嵌套布置的多个套筒；其中，至少两个所述套筒由所述压电驱动组件连接；所述压电驱动组件包括固定部、安装于所述固定部的压电元件、一端安装于所述压电元件的驱动杆和安装于所述驱动杆并可沿所述驱动杆移动的移动块，所述移动块与套筒组件的一个套筒的底部连接在一起，所述固定部与套筒组件的另一个所述套筒的底部连接在一起；所述移动块可沿着所述驱动杆移动。本发明还提供了相应的摄像模组和终端设备。本发明的套筒式光学致动器具有高可靠性、伸展距离长、外表美观等优势。

Description

套筒式光学致动器及相应的摄像模组和终端设备
相关申请
本申请要求名称为“套筒式光学致动器及相应的摄像模组和终端设备”、于2021年2月10日提交的申请号为202110182282.1的中国专利申请，名称为“套筒式光学致动器及相应的摄像模组和终端设备”、于2021年2月10日提交的申请号为202110182014.X的中国专利申请，以及名称为“套筒式摄像模组和终端设备”、于2021年2月10日提交的申请号为202110182028.1的中国专利申请的优先权，并在此通过引用包含上述申请的全部内容。
技术领域
本发明涉及摄像模组技术领域，具体地说，本发明涉及一种套筒式光学致动器及相应的摄像模组，以及搭载该摄像模组的终端设备
背景技术
手机摄像模组是智能装备的重要组成部分之一，其在市场上的应用范围和应用量不断增长。随着技术的进步，不管是工作还是生活都在提倡着智能化，而实现智能化的重要前提之一是能够实现与外界环境的良好交互,其中实现良好交互的一个重要方式就是视觉感知，视觉感知依赖的主要是摄像模组。可以说，摄像模组已从默默无闻的智能装备配件转变成为智能装备举足轻重的关键元器件之一。
摄像模组作为智能电子终端设备(下文中有时称为智能终端)的标配之一，其形态和功能也随着智能终端和市场需求不断发生着变化。智能终端的发展趋势一直向着高集成化和轻薄化的方向发展，而摄像模组却是在不断的添加功能，一些功能的添加在一定的程度上会使摄像模组的体积增加，在今后的摄像模组设计中，原先的只满足以前较少功能的模组的安装空间，已经越来越难以满足要求。具体来说，摄像模组在设计上不断推陈出新，例如从原先简单的单摄模组发展为双摄和多摄模组；从原先单一直线光路设计发展到具有复杂转折光路的设计；从原先的单一焦距、小范围变焦能力发展到大范围的光学变焦等等。这些发展不断地扩展了摄像模组的拍摄能力，然而也对智能终端(例如智 能手机)内部的预装空间提出了更高的要求。当前，智能终端内部的预装空间已经越来越难以满足摄像模组的发展要求。
为减小对预装空间的要求，有人提出了可伸缩的套筒式摄像模组。套筒式摄像模组(本文中有时简称为套筒式模组)具有同轴布置的多层套筒，透镜组的各个透镜可以分别安装于不同的套筒中。在收缩状态下，内层套筒可以被容纳在外层套筒的内部，从而减小摄像模组的占用体积，并且该套筒式模组作为后置摄像模组安装于智能终端内部时，智能终端的背面的摄像模组安装区域的表面可以是基本平齐的。在伸展状态下，内层套筒(或者外层套筒)可以从原有位置伸出，从而调整该套筒内透镜在光学系统中的轴向位置(这里轴向位置是指在摄像模组的光轴方向上所处的位置)，起到光学变焦或增加光学系统后焦距离等作用。其中，对于长焦模组来说，其往往需要较大的后焦距离，这是长焦模组占用空间较大的重要原因之一。而对于伸缩式套筒结构来说，由于其中至少一个套筒可以相对于其他套筒在沿着光轴的方向上移动，使其可以带动透镜组远离感光芯片，因此可以起到增加光学系统后焦距离的作用。然而，现有的套筒式模组中，往往需要在套筒侧壁上制作较为复杂的传动结构。例如，一种套筒式模组方案是在最外层套筒的外侧设置齿轮，套筒的侧壁(侧壁的内侧面和/或外侧面)上则需要制作与齿轮啮合的齿轮槽，这样通过旋转齿轮可以推动套筒旋转，从而使套筒螺旋上升(上升方向即沿着光轴进行伸展的方向)以远离感光芯片，构建出拍摄所需的成像光路(例如长焦模组所需的成像光路)。上述伸缩式套筒结构虽然能够在收缩和伸展两个状态间切换，但其传动结构复杂，套筒侧壁需要进行精密机械结构的加工，因此其可靠性可能存在不足(例如抗撞击能力)。并且，由于套筒侧壁需要进行精密机械结构的加工，导致套筒侧壁需要较大的结构强度，使得套筒侧壁的厚度难以减小，不利于减小摄像模组的横向尺寸。本文中横向尺寸即摄像模组的径向尺寸，摄像模组的径向是指垂直于该摄像模组的光轴的方向。摄像模组的纵向尺寸是摄像模组的光轴方向上的尺寸，亦即摄像模组的高度。
现有技术中还存在一些非齿轮传动的套筒式模组，例如CN200910056990.X披露了一种基于气压驱动的套筒式模组。该方案中，可以通过改变套筒底部的气压来驱动套筒上升(伸展)或下降(收缩)，但是用于推动套筒上升或下降的 气体容纳腔本身需要占用模组高度方向上的尺寸，且该方案可能对模组内部结构的气密性具有较高要求。
总的来说，现有的套筒式模组往往需要在套筒侧壁加工出复杂的传动结构，导致可靠性方面存在隐患。并且套筒伸展状态下，部分传动结构可能外露可能导致终端设备外表不美观，影响消费体验和市场价值。如果要隐藏套筒侧壁的传动结构，又有可能牺牲模组的伸展距离，对长焦模组的放大倍率造成负面影响。而对于基于气压驱动的套筒式模组来说，其较高的气密性要求，气缸的小型化以及可靠性(例如抗撞击能力)等等都存在不确定性。
因此，当前迫切需要一种具有高可靠性、伸展距离长、驱动结构简单、外表美观的套筒式光学致动器和摄像模组解决方案。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，克服现有技术的不足，提供一种具有高可靠性、伸展距离长、外表美观的套筒式光学致动器和摄像模组解决方案。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种套筒式光学致动器，其包括：壳体；驱动装置，其包括压电驱动组件；以及套筒组件，其安装在所述壳体内，并且其适于受控地整体地伸出所述壳体或者收缩在所述壳体中；所述套筒组件包括嵌套布置的多个套筒；其中，至少两个所述套筒由所述压电驱动组件连接；所述压电驱动组件包括固定部、安装于所述固定部的压电元件、一端安装于所述压电元件的驱动杆和安装于所述驱动杆并可沿所述驱动杆移动的移动块，所述移动块与所述套筒组件的一个所述套筒的底部连接在一起，所述固定部与所述套筒组件的另一个所述套筒的底部连接在一起；所述移动块可沿着所述驱动杆移动，使得与所述移动块连接的所述套筒相对于与所述固定部连接的另一个所述套筒伸出或缩进。
其中，所述的嵌套布置的多个套筒依次包括：第1层套筒，第2层套筒，…，第N-1层套筒和第N层套筒，其中，N是大于等于2的整数；对于任意第i+1层套筒，其由第i层驱动组件驱动，所述第i层驱动组件为所述的压电驱动组件，所述第i层驱动组件的所述移动块安装于或直接成型于所述第i+1层套筒的底部；所述第i层驱动组件的所述固定部安装于或直接成型于所述第i层套筒的底部；其中，i是1到N-1中的任一整数。
其中，所述套筒组件包括三层所述套筒。
其中，在收缩状态下，所述套筒组件的各层所述套筒的顶面平齐；在收缩状态下，所述光学致动器的高度为：5mm-10mm；在完全伸展状态下，所述套筒组件的顶面相对于所述壳体顶面的伸出距离为：20mm-35mm。
其中，所述套筒包括筒壁，其中，所述的第N层套筒包括镜头载体，所述镜头载体的内侧适于安装光学镜头；所述镜头载体与所述筒壁之间形成环形容纳腔，所述第N层驱动组件设置在所述环形容纳腔中。
其中，除第1层驱动组件外，其余各层次的所述压电驱动组件均设置在所述环形容纳腔中。
其中，每个层次的所述压电驱动组件均具有多个；在俯视角度下，每个层次的多个所述压电驱动组件均在所述环形容纳腔中均匀分布，且在收缩状态下不同层次的所述压电驱动组件在所述环形容纳腔中依次交替地布置。
其中，所述第N层套筒包括第N层筒壁、顶盖以及所述的镜头载体；所述第N层筒壁的内侧面、所述镜头载体的外侧面以及所述顶盖的下表面构造出所述的环形容纳腔。
其中，同一层次的全部的所述压电驱动组件的所述压电元件均安装于所述压电驱动杆的底端。
其中，同一层次的全部的所述压电驱动组件的所述压电元件均安装于所述压电驱动杆的顶端。
其中，对于同一层次的多个所述压电驱动组件，其中部分所述压电驱动组件的所述压电元件安装于所述压电驱动杆的底端，另一部分所述压电驱动组件的所述压电元件安装于所述压电驱动杆的顶端。
根据本申请的另一方面，还提供了一种摄像模组，其包括：前述任意一项方案中的套筒式光学致动器；光学镜头，其安装于所述套筒组件中位于最顶层的所述套筒中；以及感光组件，其包括感光芯片，所述感光芯片用于接收通过所述光学镜头的光线并输出成像数据；所述套筒式光学致动器的壳体固定于所述感光组件。
其中，所述摄像模组还包括伸缩控制单元，其用于控制所述套筒式光学致动器的各个所述套筒逐层移动，所述移动是所述套筒的伸展或收缩运动。
其中，所述摄像模组还包括伸缩控制单元，其用于控制所述套筒式光学致动器的各个所述套筒同时移动，所述移动是所述套筒的伸展或收缩运动。
其中，所述摄像模组还包括伸缩控制单元，其用于获取所述摄像模组当前拍摄所需的伸展距离，然后选择需要进行伸缩移动的单个套筒或套筒组合，再控制所选定的单个套筒或套筒组合进行伸展或收缩。
其中，所述摄像模组还包括伸缩控制单元，其用于获取所述摄像模组当前拍摄所需的伸展距离，然后控制所述套筒组件进行伸缩移动，到达所需的伸展距离，再控制位于最上层的所述套筒进行伸缩移动以进行对焦。
其中，所述伸缩控制单元还用于：在满足镜头行程要求的前提下，选择总驱动质量最小的套筒或套筒组合，然后控制所选定的套筒或套筒组合进行伸缩移动。
其中，所述伸缩控制单元还用于：在满足镜头行程要求的前提下，选择所需套筒数目最少的套筒组合或单个套筒，然后控制所选定的套筒组合或单个套筒进行伸缩移动。
其中，所述伸缩控制单元还用于：根据预先烧录至固件的配置文件选择满足镜头行程要求的套筒组合或单个套筒，所述套筒组合或单个套筒的优先级根据所述配置文件确定。
根据本申请的又一方面，还提供了一种终端设备，其包括前述任一项方案中所述的摄像模组；所述的摄像模组的所述套筒式光学致动器中，所述套筒组件可伸出所述终端设备的外壳。
本发明还提供了另一种套筒式光学致动器，其包括：壳体，其顶部具有一壳体通光孔；驱动装置，其包括多个压电驱动组件，每个所述压电驱动组件包括固定块、安装于所述固定块的压电元件、一端安装于所述压电元件的驱动杆和安装于所述驱动杆并可沿所述驱动杆移动的移动块；以及套筒组件，其安装在所述壳体内并且其适于受控地从所述壳体通光孔伸出所述壳体；所述套筒组件包括嵌套布置的多个套筒；其中，所述多个压电驱动组件至少包括两层，每层所述压电驱动组件连接两个相邻的所述套筒，其中一个套筒的底部与该层压电驱动组件的所述移动块连接在一起，另一个套筒的底部与该层压电驱动组件的所述固定块连接在一起；并且，在各个所述套筒处于伸展状态下位于最顶层的所述套筒包括镜头载体，所述镜头载体的内侧适于安装光学镜头；在各个所述套筒处于收缩状态下，至少两个不同层次的所述压电驱动组件收纳于同一个容纳腔内，所述容纳腔位于所述镜头载体与所述套筒的筒壁之间。本方案中， 相邻套筒是指套筒组件完全伸展的状态下，位于上下相邻的两个层次的两个套筒。
其中，所述的多层嵌套布置的套筒依次包括：第1层套筒，第2层套筒，…，第N-1层套筒和第N层套筒，其中，N是大于等于2的整数；对于任意第i+1层套筒，其由第i层驱动组件驱动，所述第i层驱动组件为所述的压电驱动组件，所述第i层驱动组件的所述移动块安装于或直接成型于所述第i+1层套筒的底部；所述第i层驱动组件的所述固定块安装于或直接成型于所述第i层套筒的底部；其中，i是1到N-1中的任一整数。
其中，所述套筒组件中，其中至少一对相邻层套筒由多个所述压电驱动组件连接。
其中，所述套筒组件中，其中至少一对相邻层套筒由至少一个所述压电驱动组件和至少一个辅助引导结构连接；其中，所述辅助引导结构包括引导柱和滑动块，所述滑动块设置滚珠限位槽，所述滚珠限位槽内具有滚珠，所述引导柱设置竖直引导槽，所述滑动块安装于所述引导柱并可沿所述竖直引导槽滑动；并且所述滚珠支撑在所述滑动块与所述引导柱之间；所述相邻层套筒中的一个套筒的底部与所述引导柱的底端或顶端连接在一起；所述相邻层套筒中的另一个套筒的底部与所述滑动块连接在一起。
其中，在俯视角度下，同一层次的多个所述压电驱动组件均匀地分布在所述镜头载体的周围。
其中，所述容纳腔为环形容纳腔，在收缩状态下不同层次的所述压电驱动组件在所述环形容纳腔中依次交替地排布。
其中，在俯视角度下，连接在同一对所述相邻层套筒之间的至少一个所述压电驱动组件和至少一个辅助引导结构均匀地分布在所述镜头载体的周围。
其中，在俯视角度下，位于各个不同层次的所述压电驱动组件和所述辅助引导结构的在周向上位置错开并呈单环形分布。
其中，所述套筒组件包括三层所述套筒。
其中，在收缩状态下，所述套筒组件的各层所述套筒的顶面平齐；在收缩状态下，所述光学致动器的高度为：5mm-10mm；在完全伸展状态下，所述套筒组件的顶面相对于所述壳体顶面的伸出距离为：20mm-35mm。
其中，所述第N层套筒包括第N层筒壁、顶盖以及所述的镜头载体；所述第N层筒壁的内侧面、所述镜头载体的外侧面以及所述顶盖的下表面构造出所述的环形容纳腔。
其中，所述压电驱动组件中，所述驱动杆的底端安装于所述压电元件。
其中，所述驱动装置还包括第二压电驱动组件，所述第二压电驱动组件用于驱动所述套筒组件从所述壳体通光孔伸出所述壳体。
其中，所述第二压电驱动组件布置在所述壳体和所述套筒组件之间，且所述第二压电驱动组件位于所述壳体的四角区域中的一个或多个角落区域。
其中，所述壳体和所述套筒组件之间还设置第二辅助引导结构，所述第二辅助引导结构包括竖直引导槽、和滑动块；所述滑动块具有滚珠限位槽，所述滚珠限位槽内设置滚珠，所述滑动块沿着所述竖直引导槽滑动，所述竖直引导槽设置于所述壳体的内侧面或者设置于所述壳体内的立柱；在水平方向上，所述壳体的内侧面或者所述立柱与所述滑动块之间由所述滚珠支撑。
其中，所述第二压电驱动组件和所述第二辅助引导结构分布在所述壳体的四角区域。
其中，所述套筒包括筒壁，所述筒壁的底部向外侧或向内侧水平延伸形成外飘结构或内飘结构，并且所述外飘结构或所述内飘结构作为所述压电驱动组件的移动块，与所述压电驱动组件的驱动杆实现活动连接。
其中，所述压电驱动组件包括第一压电驱动组件、第二压电驱动组件和第三压电驱动组件；所述套筒组件包括由外至内依次嵌套的第一套筒、第二套筒和第三套筒；所述第一套筒包括第一筒壁和第一底板，所述第一筒壁的底部向外侧水平延伸形成第一外飘结构，所述第一外飘结构作为所述移动块与所述第一压电驱动组件的所述驱动杆实现活动连接。
其中，所述第二套筒包括第二筒壁和第二底板，所述第二筒壁的底部向内侧水平延伸形成第二内飘结构，所述第二内飘结构作为所述移动块与所述第二压电驱动组件的所述驱动杆实现活动连接。
其中，所述第三套筒包括第三筒壁、顶盖和所述镜头载体，所述镜头载体呈筒状且其底部向外水平延伸形成第三外飘结构，所述第三内飘结构作为所述移动块与所述第三压电驱动组件的所述驱动杆实现活动连接。
根据本申请的另一方面，还提供了一种摄像模组，其包括：前述任一方案中的套筒式光学致动器；光学镜头，其安装于所述套筒组件中位于最顶层的所 述套筒中；以及感光组件，其包括感光芯片，所述感光芯片用于接收通过所述光学镜头的光线并输出成像数据；所述套筒式光学致动器的壳体固定于所述感光组件。
根据本申请的又一方面，还提供了一种终端设备，其包括前述摄像模组；其中，所述套筒式光学致动器的所述套筒组件的各个所述套筒可伸出所述终端设备的外壳。
本发明提供了提供了另一种套筒式摄像模组，其包括套筒式光学致动器和感光组件；所述套筒式光学致动器包括壳体；驱动装置；和套筒组件，其安装在所述壳体内，并且其适于受控地伸出所述壳体或者收缩在所述壳体中；所述套筒组件包括同轴嵌套布置的多个套筒；其中至少一个所述套筒可相对于另一个所述套筒伸出和缩进；并且所述感光组件包括支撑座；感光芯片；模组线路板，所述感光芯片与所述模组线路板固定在一起；和壳体底座，所述壳体底座和所述支撑座将所述感光芯片和所述模组线路板封装在内部；所述套筒式光学致动器安装于所述支撑座的顶部，所述感光芯片相对于所述支撑座移动。
其中，所述驱动装置包括压电驱动组件；所述套筒组件中，至少两个所述套筒由所述压电驱动组件连接；所述压电驱动组件包括固定块、安装于所述固定块的压电元件、一端安装于所述压电元件的驱动杆和安装于所述驱动杆并可沿所述驱动杆移动的移动块，所述移动块固定于所述套筒组件的一个所述套筒的底部，所述固定块固定于所述套筒组件的另一个所述套筒的底部；所述移动块可沿着所述驱动杆移动，使得与所述移动块连接的所述套筒相对于与所述固定块连接的另一个所述套筒伸出或缩进。
其中，所述感光组件还包括：第一芯片载体和第二芯片载体；所述第一芯片载体位于所述第二芯片载体与所述支撑座之间，且所述第一芯片载体中央具有光窗；所述感光芯片安装于所述第二芯片载体的上表面；所述第一芯片载体适于相对于所述支撑座在y轴方向上移动；所述第二芯片载体适于相对于所述第一芯片载体在x轴方向上移动；其中，所述x轴和所述y轴均为平行于所述感光芯片表面的坐标轴，并且所述x轴和所述y轴互相垂直。
其中，所述支撑座和所述第二芯片载体之间布置单层滚珠，所述第一芯片载体具有滚珠孔，所述滚珠穿过所述滚珠孔；在z轴方向上，所述支撑座和所述第一芯片载体由所述滚珠支撑，以及在z轴方向上，所述第一芯片载体和所 述第二芯片载体由所述滚珠支撑；其中，z轴为垂直于所述x轴和所述y轴的坐标轴。
其中，所述滚珠孔的内侧面承靠于所述滚珠的部分外表面。
其中，所述支撑座和所述第一芯片载体之间，以及第一芯片载体和第二芯片载体之间均具有间隙。
其中，在俯视角度下，所述第一芯片载体呈矩形，所述滚珠布置在所述第一芯片载体的四角区域。
其中，所述第二芯片载体的四角位置设置第二滚珠引导槽，所述第二滚珠引导槽的位置与所述第一芯片载体的所述滚珠孔的位置适配；俯视角度下，所述第二滚珠引导槽是条形的，且其引导方向是x轴方向。
其中，所述支撑座具有第一滚珠引导槽，且所述第一滚珠引导槽的位置与所述第一芯片载体的所述滚珠孔的位置适配；仰视角度下，所述第一滚珠引导槽是条形的，且其引导方向是y轴方向。
其中，所述第一芯片载体具有两条互相平行的第一边和两条互相平行的第二边，其中所述第一边向上隆起形成凸罩，所述凸罩的下表面安装x轴磁体，所述第二边具有避让槽适于避让y轴磁体，所述y轴磁体安装于所述支撑座。
其中，所述凸罩由磁屏蔽材料制作。
其中，所述凸罩具有导磁孔。
其中，所述x轴磁体是片状的，其俯视角度下呈条状且其长度方向与所述第一边平行。
其中，所述y轴磁体是片状的，其俯视角度下呈条状且其长度方向与所述第二边平行。
其中，x轴线圈和y轴线圈固定于所述第二芯片载体或者固定于所述模组线路板，并且所述x轴线圈和所述y轴线圈与所述模组线路板电连接；所述x轴线圈设置在所述x轴磁体的正下方，所述y轴线圈设置在所述y轴磁体的正下方。
其中，所述驱动装置还包括用于驱动所述套筒组件伸出所述壳体或者收缩在所述壳体中的第一压电驱动组件，所述第一压电驱动组件的固定块安装于模组底座，所述第一压电驱动组件的驱动杆穿过所述支撑座。
根据本申请的另一方面，还提供了一种终端设备，其包括前文中任一方案所述的摄像模组；其中，所述套筒式光学致动器的所述套筒组件的各个所述套筒可伸出所述终端设备的外壳。
与现有技术相比，本申请具有下列至少一个技术效果：
1.相比潜望式长焦模组，本申请的压电驱动的套筒式模组具有可伸缩功能，在收缩状态下可以减小智能终端内部的预装空间，在伸展状态下，可以提供拍摄(尤其是长焦拍摄)所需的光路长度。
2.相比齿轮驱动的套筒式模组，本申请的压电驱动的套筒式模组不需要在套筒侧壁进行复杂加工，结构简单，具有更好的可靠性。
3.本申请的压电驱动的套筒式模组可以通过压电驱动杆逐级推动套筒上升或下降，从而增加顶端套筒(指伸展状态下位于最顶端的套筒)的总伸展距离，从而增加长焦拍摄状态下的光路长度。
4.本申请的一些实施例中，压电驱动的套筒式模组不需要在套筒侧壁进行复杂加工，有利于减小套筒侧壁的厚度，从而减小模组的径向尺寸。同时，较小的壁厚也有助于改善套筒在伸展状态下的美观性。
5.本申请的一些实施例中，在收缩状态下，套筒式模组中的用于驱动不同层次的套筒伸缩的压电驱动杆可以布置在同一容纳腔中，从而避免在多个相邻套筒的侧壁之间设置多个容纳腔，有利于降低模组的结构复杂度。
6.本申请的一些实施例中，套筒式模组中的各个层次的套筒侧壁可以不设置起到传动作用的复杂结构，从而保证套筒在伸展状态下外观美观，有利于提升消费体验。
7.本申请的一些实施例中，可以通过辅助限位部件(如导轨滚珠等组件)来提高压电驱动装置运行的稳定性和线性度，从而更好地保障模组的成像品质。
8.本申请的一些实施例中，可以通过位置检测元件来实现套筒伸缩位置的监控同时提高套筒伸缩的控制精度，从而更好地保障模组的成像品质。
9.本申请的一些实施例中，每一层套筒可以使用多个压电驱动轴来支撑和驱动，从而使得模组的结构更加稳定，增加模组的机械可靠性同时提升套筒伸缩的驱动力。
10.本申请的一些实施例中，可以通过移动感光芯片来实现模组的防抖功能，这样可以避免增加套筒式镜头的横向尺寸，同时又可以为长焦拍摄提供防抖功能，改善长焦拍摄的用户体验。
11.本申请的一些实施例中，可以通过对控制算法的优化，来确定在具体拍摄场景下驱动哪一级或哪几级套筒进行伸缩，从而减少需要移动的套筒的数目或者减小驱动套筒移动所需的驱动力。
12.本申请的一些实施例中，每一层套筒可以使用压电驱动轴和辅助引导结构的组合来支撑和驱动，一方面可以使得模组的结构更加稳定，增加模组的机械可靠性，另一方面可以减小成本和组装工艺的难度。
13.本申请的一些实施例中，可以通过移动感光芯片来实现模组的防抖功能，这样可以避免增加套筒式镜头的横向尺寸，同时又可以为长焦拍摄提供防抖功能，改善长焦拍摄的用户体验。
附图说明
图1示出了本申请一个实施例中的处于收缩状态的光学致动器的立体示意图；
图2示出了本申请一个实施例中的处于伸展状态的光学致动器的立体示意图；
图3示出了一种传统的非伸缩模组的剖面示意图；
图4示出了本申请的套筒式模组的收缩状态下的剖面示意图；
图5示出了本申请的套筒式模组的伸展状态下的剖面示意图；
图6示出了本申请一个实施例中的压电驱动组件的结构示意图；
图7示出了一种压电元件及相应驱动杆实现振动传导功能的示意图；
图8示出了本申请一个实施例中的收缩状态下的可伸缩摄像模组剖开后的立体示意图；
图9示出了本申请一个实施例中的伸展状态下的可伸缩摄像模组剖开后的立体示意图；
图10示出了本申请一个实施例中的收缩状态下的摄像模组的立体示意图；
图11示出了本申请一个实施例中的俯视角度下的处于收缩状态下的可伸缩摄像模组的立体示意图；
图12示出了本申请一个实施例中的平视角度下的处于伸展状态下的剖开后的可伸缩摄像模组的立体示意图；
图13示出了本申请一个实施例中的第二层套筒和第三层套筒的立体分解示意图；
图14示出了本申请一个实施例中的第一层套筒和第二层套筒的立体分解示意图；
图15示出了本申请的一个实施例中的壳体、感光组件和第一层套筒的立体分解示意图；
图16示出了本申请一个实施例中的感光组件的立体爆炸示意图；
图17示出了本申请一个实施例中的感光组件的内部结构的装配示意图；
图18示出了本申请一个实施例中的第一芯片载体的立体示意图；
图19示出了本申请一个实施例中支撑座、第一芯片载体和第二芯片载体的滚珠连接的剖面示意图；
图20示出了第一芯片载体的滚珠孔和第二芯片载体的第二滚珠引导槽。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解本申请，将参考附图对本申请的各个方面做出更详细的说明。应理解，这些详细说明只是对本申请的示例性实施方式的描述，而非以任何方式限制本申请的范围。在说明书全文中，相同的附图标号指代相同的元件。表述“和/或”包括相关联的所列项目中的一个或多个的任何和全部组合。
应注意，在本说明书中，第一、第二等的表述仅用于将一个特征与另一个特征区分开来，而不表示对特征的任何限制。因此，在不背离本申请的教导的情况下，下文中讨论的第一主体也可被称作第二主体。
在附图中，为了便于说明，已稍微夸大了物体的厚度、尺寸和形状。附图仅为示例而并非严格按比例绘制。
还应理解的是，用语“包括”、“包括有”、“具有”、“包含”和/或“包含有”，当在本说明书中使用时表示存在所陈述的特征、整体、步骤、操作、元件和/或部件，但不排除存在或附加有一个或多个其它特征、整体、步骤、操作、元件、部件和/或它们的组合。此外，当诸如“...中的至少一个”的表述出现在所列特征的列表之后时，修饰整个所列特征，而不是修饰列表中的单独元件。此外， 当描述本申请的实施方式时，使用“可以”表示“本申请的一个或多个实施方式”。并且，用语“示例性的”旨在指代示例或举例说明。
如在本文中使用的，用语“基本上”、“大约”以及类似的用语用作表近似的用语，而不用作表程度的用语，并且旨在说明将由本领域普通技术人员认识到的、测量值或计算值中的固有偏差。
除非另外限定，否则本文中使用的所有用语(包括技术用语和科学用语)均具有与本申请所属领域普通技术人员的通常理解相同的含义。还应理解的是，用语(例如在常用词典中定义的用语)应被解释为具有与它们在相关技术的上下文中的含义一致的含义，并且将不被以理想化或过度正式意义解释，除非本文中明确如此限定。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明做进一步地描述。
根据本发明的一个实施例，提供了一种套筒式光学致动器，该套筒式光学致动器内可安装光学镜头，并使该光学镜头具备可伸缩功能。本实施例中，光学致动器包括壳体，安装在壳体内的套筒组件以及用于驱动套筒组件伸缩的压电驱动装置。其中，所述套筒组件包括的直径由外向内逐层缩小的多层套筒，这些套筒嵌套地同轴布置。对于任意相邻层次的两个套筒，内层套筒的外径小于外层套筒的内径。为了便于描述，本文中将最外层套筒称为第1层套筒，将最内层套筒称为第N层套筒。由于外向内的套筒依次为：第1层套筒，第2层套筒，…，第N-1层套筒和第N层套筒。其中，N是大于等于2的整数。本实施例中，N＝3，也就是说，所述套筒组件共有3层套筒。图1示出了本申请一个实施例中的处于收缩状态的光学致动器的立体示意图，图2示出了本申请一个实施例中的处于伸展状态的光学致动器的立体示意图。结合参考图1和图2，在收缩状态下，所有套筒均收纳在壳体内，各套筒的顶面与壳体的顶面可以基本平齐。在伸展状态下，各个套筒可以逐级伸展，使得最内层套筒(即第3层套筒)伸出并远离壳体的顶面。当最内层套筒内安装光学镜头时，在伸展状态下该光学镜头可以远离感光芯片，从而形成较大的后焦距离，实现长焦拍摄。本实施例中，套筒之间通过压电驱动组件相互连接并且通过所述压电驱动组件 驱动内层套筒与外层套筒之间发生相对运动。例如，内层套筒相对外层套筒升高。这样，多层套筒相互配合可以使得镜头整体高度升高。在本实施例中，最内层套筒安装有镜头(该镜头包括具有光学成像功能的透镜组)，所述镜头可通过套筒之间相对位置的变化实现高度位置的变化，从而实现所述镜头相对于模组感光元件的距离发生变化(即改变后焦)。
作为对比，图3示出了一种传统的非伸缩模组的剖面示意图，图4示出了本申请的套筒式模组的收缩状态下的剖面示意图，图5示出了本申请的套筒式模组的伸展状态下的剖面示意图。结合参考图3、图4和图5，可以看出，本申请的摄像模组在收缩状态下与普通模组的尺寸(尤其是高度)基本一致。在需要长焦拍摄时，本申请的承载透镜组(即承载镜头)的套筒可以在压电驱动装置驱动下层层展开，使得镜头向外凸起，这样模组的后焦远远大于普通焦距状态，从而使模组变为长焦状态。参考图3，传统的非伸缩模组自上而下包括镜头组件(包括镜头和镜头驱动装置)、滤色元件、感光元件、线路板等。通常来说，所述镜头组件固定在壳体内部，并且通过所述镜头驱动装置在其壳体内部进行一些小距离的移动以实现对焦或者防抖等功能。其整体焦距(后焦等)都不会有很大的变化，所以适应的场景较为单一，此类模组一般难以满足长焦拍摄场景的需要。而本申请中，多个可动套筒的相互承接且相互之间可发生竖直方向的位置变化，使得所述镜头组件可沿竖直方向进行大距离的移动，镜头可凸出于所述模组壳体，使得模组整体焦距发生大范围变化，从而使得该类模组的使用场景更为广泛。如图5所示，本申请的套筒在压电驱动装置(需注意，压电驱动装置在图5中未全部画出)控制下沿竖直方向移动，通层层递进的方式，推动所述镜头在竖直方向运动，镜头组件不在局限与模组壳体内运动，还可运动到壳体外部。这样，由于镜头与感光元件之间的距离发生较大范围的变化，因此可以满足长焦拍摄场景的需要。
进一步地，在本申请的一个实施例中，用于驱动套筒组件伸缩的压电驱动装置可以包括多组压电驱动组件。每组压电驱动组件用于驱动一层套筒进行伸缩运动。每组压电驱动元件可以由一或多个压电驱动组件构成。图6示出了本申请一个实施例中的压电驱动组件的结构示意图。参考图6，本实施例中，所述压电驱动组件包括：压电元件1(有时也称作压电素子)、驱动杆2、固定部3(也可以称为配重块)和移动块(图6中未示出移动块)。其中压电元件1 可以安装于固定部3，该压电元件1适于在电压的驱动下产生机械振动。驱动杆2的一端固定于所述压电元件1的振动面。图7示出了一种压电元件及相应驱动杆实现振动传导功能的示意图。其中，压电元件1可以呈膜状(可将其称为鼓膜)，驱动杆2的一端固定于所述压电元件1的中心。压电元件1在电压的驱动下可以在竖直方向上振动，从而推动所述驱动杆2抬升或下降。进一步地，移动块可以安装于所述驱动杆2上。本实施例中，压电驱动组件可以是基于惯性驱动的压电组件。具体来说，在压电元件的非工作状态下，所述移动块通过静摩擦力固定于驱动杆。具体设计上，所述移动块可以具有一通孔，所述驱动杆穿过该通孔，并且通过选择适当的制作材料，移动块的通孔壁与驱动杆的外侧面之间可以形成静摩擦力，该静摩擦力足以支撑所述移动块以及与该移动块连接的套筒等构件的重量，从而保证在压电元件的非工作状态下移动块与驱动杆的相对位置保持不变。当压电元件处于工作状态时，通过控制驱动电压，可以使得压电元件向上移动相对缓慢，从而推动驱动杆相对缓慢地向上移动，此时，由于驱动杆受到的向上的作用力较小，因此移动块与驱动杆之间的接触面的静摩擦力仍然可以移动块与驱动杆的相对固定，这样移动块便随着驱动杆的上升而上升。当压电元件到达最高点后，通过控制驱动电压可以使得压电元件的向下移动相对快速，从而拉动驱动杆相对快速地向下移动，此时，由于驱动杆受到的向下的作用力较大，移动块与驱动杆之间的接触面的摩擦力不足以保持移动块与驱动杆的相对固定，导致驱动杆相对于移动块向下移动(此时移动块与驱动杆之间的接触面的摩擦力实际上已经转变为动摩擦力)。也就是说，当驱动杆向下移动速度较快时，移动块不会随着驱动杆的下降而下降，而是基本保持在原有高度。当压电元件下降到最低点后，驱动电压再次驱动压电元件缓慢地向上移动，从而再次推动移动块抬升，如此周而复始，即可推动移动块不断向上抬升，直至到达所需的位置。概括地说，可以通过设置驱动电压来控制压电元件缓升急降，使得驱动杆在上升时可以通过静摩擦力的作用带动移动块上升，驱动杆在下降时可以克服动摩擦力而急速下降，避免移动块被驱动杆带着下降。这样，在压电元件的一个振动周期内移动块被有效地抬升。反复执行多个振动周期，移动块便可不断向上抬升，直至到达所需的位置。相反地，通过设置驱动电压来控制压电元件缓降急升，便可以使移动块下降，反复执行多个振动周期，移动块便可不断向下降低，直至到达所需的位置。基于上述原理，移动块便可以在电压信号的控制下，沿着所述驱动杆的方向(例如竖直方 向)做双向移动，进而实现套筒的伸缩。以上对基于惯性驱动的压电组件的工作原理做了简要描述，需注意，本申请并不限于此类压电组件。在本文的结尾部分，还将示例性地介绍更多类型的压电组件。
下面以基于三层套筒组件的光学致动器为例进行说明。
图8示出了本申请一个实施例中的收缩状态下的可伸缩摄像模组剖开后的立体示意图。图9示出了本申请一个实施例中的伸展状态下的可伸缩摄像模组剖开后的立体示意图。结合参考图8和图9，在本申请的一个实施例中，提供了一种基于套筒式光学致动器的摄像模组。该摄像模组包括感光组件200、套筒式光学致动器100和安装在套筒式光学致动器100内的光学镜头300。其中，套筒式光学致动器100包括第一层套筒110、第二层套筒120、第三层套筒130、壳体140、连接壳体140和第一层套筒110的第一驱动组件150、连接第一层套筒110和第二层套筒120的第二驱动组件160，以及连接第二层套筒120和第三层套筒130的第三驱动组件170。本实施例中，第一层套筒110位于最外层，在伸展状态下，第一层套筒110位于最底层。所述第一层套筒110包括第一筒壁111和第一底板112。所述第二层套筒120包括第二筒壁121和第二底板122。所述第三层套筒130位于最内层，在伸展状态下，第三层套筒130位于最顶层。所述第三层套筒130包括第三筒壁131、顶盖132和与顶盖连接的筒状镜头载体133。所述光学镜头300适于安装在所述镜头载体133的内侧面。所述镜头载体133与第三筒壁131之间形成一环形容纳腔134，所述第二驱动组件160和所述第三驱动组件170均可以采用压电驱动组件实现，并且，在收缩状态下(结合参考图8)，所述第二驱动组件160和所述第三驱动组件170的驱动杆均容纳在所述环形容纳腔134内。本实施例中，所述第一驱动组件150也可以采用压电驱动组件实现。该压电驱动组件可以设置在所述壳体140内腔的四角区域。具体来说，光学致动器的壳体140在俯视角度下大致呈矩形，而套筒组件的外形呈圆形。在最外层的第一层套筒110与壳体140之间的四角区域具有相对较大的空间，可以用于布置第一驱动组件150。图10示出了本申请一个实施例中的收缩状态下的摄像模组的立体示意图。该图中隐去了壳体140以暴露出第一驱动组件150及其与摄像模组的其它构件之间的连接关系。参考图10，本实施例中，可以在多个角落区域设置多个第一驱动组件150，以便提高套筒伸缩的稳定性，并提供更大的驱动力。在具体实现上，可以在三个角落区域设置 三个第一驱动组件150，而剩下的一个角落区域则用于布置柔性线路板，该柔性线路板可以用于与位于内层的第二驱动组件160和第三驱动组件170电连接(在下文中还将结合其他角度的附图对该柔性线路板做进一步描述)。
进一步地，图11示出了本申请一个实施例中的俯视角度下的处于收缩状态下的可伸缩摄像模组的立体示意图。图11中隐藏了模组的顶盖部分以清楚示出模组内部的结构。参考图11，本实施例中，在对应于壳体140的四角区域中，其中三个角落区域分别设置一个第一驱动组件150，剩下的一个角落区域设置柔性线路板，该柔性线路板可以安装在一个支架159上，以便为柔性线路板提供一定支撑和保护，避免套筒伸缩运动造成接触不良或断路等问题。本实施例中，设置三个第二驱动组件160和三个第三驱动组件170，三个第二驱动组件160和三个第三驱动组件170均设置在镜头载体133与第三筒壁131之间形成一环形容纳腔134内。并且，在俯视角度下，第二驱动组件160和第三驱动组件170交替布置。
进一步地，图12示出了本申请一个实施例中的平视角度下的处于伸展状态下的剖开后的可伸缩摄像模组的立体示意图。参考图12，本实施例中，第一驱动组件150连接壳体140和第一层套筒110。具体来说，第一驱动组件150可以包括第一驱动杆151、第一固定部152、安装于第一固定部152的第一压电元件和第一移动块153(可结合参考图10)。第一固定部152可以直接或间接地固定于壳体140。本实施例中，第一固定部152设置在壳体140所构成的腔体(该腔体可以由壳体140和感光组件200的顶面共同构成)的底部(例如可以第一固定部152可以安装于感光组件200的顶面)。但需要注意这种设置方式并不是唯一的，例如在本申请的其他实施例中，第一固定部152也可以设置在壳体140所构成的腔体的顶部。本实施例中，第一驱动杆151的顶端还可以设置第一限位结构154，第一移动块153可以在压电元件的驱动下在第一限位结构154和第一固定部152之间滑动。第一移动块153可以固定在第一层套筒110的第一底板112或第一筒壁111上。本实施例中，第一移动块153设置在第一筒壁111的外侧，在具体实施中，可以在第一层套筒110的底部设置四个外飘结构，每个外飘结构对应于一个第一驱动组件150。将第一移动块153固定于所述外飘结构，或者由外飘结构本身构成所述第一移动块153。外飘结构本身构成所述第一移动块153时，所述外飘结构可以设置通孔且第一驱动杆151穿 过所述通孔，通孔的内侧面与第一驱动杆151的外侧面形成所需的摩擦力，以便在压电元件的振动下实现对第一移动块151和第一层套筒110的惯性驱动。由于第一层套筒110的外飘结构设置在第一层套筒110的底部，因此当第一移动块151被移动至第一驱动杆151的顶部时，所述第一层套筒110被推升，从而使第一层套筒110伸展到壳体140的外部。本文中，外飘结构是指由套筒底部(例如筒壁的底部)向外侧水平延伸而形成的向外侧凸出的结构(外飘结构例如可以是图15中的第一外飘结构153a、153b和153c)。该外飘结构可以仅设置在驱动杆所对应的位置处，不需要在筒壁外周面整体向外延伸。下文中还将出现内飘结构这一概念，本文中，内飘结构是指由筒壁底部向内侧水平延伸而形成的向内侧凸出的结构，该内飘结构可以作为与其位置对应的驱动杆的移动块(例如图12中的第二移动块163，实际上该第二移动块163就是一种内飘结构)。类似地，该内飘结构可以仅设置在驱动杆所对应的位置处，不需要在筒壁内周面整体向内延伸。当套筒具有底板时，底板可以局部镂空以避让所述内飘结构；或者取消内飘结构，作为替换地，在底板上制作与驱动杆实现活动连接的适配结构。
进一步地，仍然参考图12，在本申请的一个实施例中，所述第二驱动组件160连接第一层套筒110和第二层套筒120。第二驱动组件160可以包括第二驱动杆161、第二固定部162、安装于第二固定部162的第二压电元件、以及第二移动块163。本实施例中，第二移动块163可以设置在第二筒壁121的内侧，第二底板122可以设置第二通孔以便第二驱动杆161穿过。第二移动块163可以固定于第二底板122，或者第二底板122的构成所述第二通孔的结构可以直接视为所述第二驱动组件160的第二移动块163(此时第二通孔内侧面与第二驱动杆161的外侧面接触并形成所需的摩擦力，以便在压电元件的振动下实现惯性驱动)。
进一步地，仍然参考图12，在本申请的一个实施例中，所述第三驱动组件170连接第二层套筒120和第三层套筒130。第三驱动组件170可以包括第三驱动杆171、第三固定部172、安装于第三固定部172的第三压电元件、以及第三移动块173。本实施例中，第三移动块173可以设置在第三筒壁131的内侧，第三层套筒130的镜头载体133的外侧面的底部可以向外延伸形成三个第三外飘结构，这些第三外飘结构可以用于固定所述第三移动块173，或者直接将外 飘结构作为所述第三移动块173。当直接将第三外飘结构作为所述第三移动块173时，所述第三外飘结构具有第三通孔以便第三驱动杆171从中穿过。第三通孔内侧面与第三驱动杆171的外侧面接触并形成所需的摩擦力，以便在压电元件的振动下实现惯性驱动。
进一步地，图13示出了本申请一个实施例中的第二层套筒和第三层套筒的立体分解示意图。参考图13，本实施例中，第二层套筒120包括第二筒壁121和第二底板122，第三驱动组件的第三驱动杆171设置在第二筒壁121的内侧。本实施例中，第三固定部172设置在第二底板122上，第三压电元件安装于所述第三固定部172。第三驱动杆171的底端与第三压电元件连接，第三驱动杆171的顶端可以设置限位结构171a。第三层套筒130的镜头载体133的外侧面可以设置第三外飘结构173a、173b等(本实施例中可以设置三个第三外飘结构，其中一个在图13中被遮挡)。该第三外飘结构具有第三通孔，所述第三驱动杆171可以从该第三通孔中穿过，从而将第二层套筒120和第三层套筒130连接在一起。本实施例中，第三外飘结构173a、173b可以视为第三驱动组件的第三移动块，在第三压电元件的作用下，第三移动块可以沿着第三驱动杆171上升或下降，从而带动第三层套筒130相对于所述第二层套筒120的伸缩。
进一步地，图14示出了本申请一个实施例中的第一层套筒和第二层套筒的立体分解示意图。参考图14，本实施例中，第一层套筒110包括第一筒壁111和第一底板112。第二层套筒120包括第二筒壁121和第二底板122。第二驱动组件的第二驱动杆161设置在第二筒壁121的内侧。本实施例中，第二固定部设置在第一底板112上，第二压电元件162a连接在第二驱动杆161的底端。在装配后，第二压电元件162a固定于所述第二固定部(该第二固定部在图14中被遮挡)。第二移动块163安装在第二驱动杆161并且可沿着所述第二驱动杆161移动。该第二移动块163可以固定于所述第二层套筒120的底部。具体来说，第二移动块163可以安装在第二层套筒120的底板122上(底板122可以具有第二通孔，第二通孔的内侧面可以直接与第二驱动杆161接触并提供所需的摩擦力，从而使得第二通孔及其周边结构直接构成所述的第二移动块163)。在另一实施例中，也可以在第二筒壁121的内侧设置内飘结构并将所述第二移动块163安装于该内飘结构(所述内飘结构可以具有第二通孔，第二通孔的内侧面可以直接与第二驱动杆161接触并提供所需的摩擦力，从而使得该内飘结 构直接构成所述的第二移动块163)。本实施例中，第二移动块163在第二压电元件162和第二驱动杆161的带动下，可以沿着第二驱动杆161移动，从而实现第二层套筒120相对于第一层套筒110的伸缩。
进一步地，结合参考图13和图14，本申请的一个实施例中，所述第二底板122和第一底板112均设置条形避让孔，该条形避让孔可容许柔性线路板穿过。这些柔性线路板可以用于将第一驱动组件、第二驱动组件、第三驱动组件与摄像模组的模组线路电连接，从而为第一驱动组件、第二驱动组件和第三驱动组件提供所需的驱动电压。
进一步地，图15示出了本申请的一个实施例中的壳体、感光组件和第一层套筒的立体分解示意图。结合参考图14和图15，本申请的一个实施例中，所述第一底板112的周沿或者第一筒壁111的底部可以向外延伸形成三个向外凸出的第一外飘结构153a、153b和153c。这三个第一外飘结构153a、153b和153c可以作为三个第一驱动组件150的第一移动块。第一移动块在第一压电元件和第一驱动杆的带动下，可以沿着第一驱动杆移动，从而实现第一层套筒110相对于壳体140的伸缩。
以上以三层套筒为例对本申请的套筒式光学致动器和基于套筒式光学致动器的摄像模组的各个方面做了介绍。基于前文的介绍，可以看出，本申请的基于压电驱动的套筒组件中，多级压电驱动杆可以逐级推动不同层次的套筒上升或下降，从而使得顶端套筒(指伸展状态下位于最顶端的套筒)的总伸展距离延长，进而增加长焦拍摄状态下的后焦距离。并且，基于本申请的设计方案，可以通过增加套筒层数的方式来扩展顶端套筒的伸展距离，从而进一步提高长焦拍摄的后焦距离和放大倍率。具体来说，在本申请的一个变形的实施例中，任意相邻层次的套筒可以由所述压电驱动组件连接。具体来说，压电驱动组件的固定部可以固定于第i层套筒，该固定部可以位于该第i层套筒的底部，驱动杆可以呈竖直状态(即驱动杆的轴线与所述套筒的轴线大致平行)。移动块安装于驱动杆并可沿着驱动杆在竖直方向上移动。并且，该移动块固定于第i+1层套筒。本实施例中，移动块与第i+1层套筒的底部固定在一起。这样，第i+1层套筒可在移动块的带动下，在竖直方向上移动，从而实现第i+1层套筒相对于第i层套筒的伸展和收缩。其中i＝1，2，…，N-2，N-1。本实施例中，可以基于这种压电驱动组件将多层套筒逐层连接(该连接是可活动的连接)，从而 实现多层套筒大范围的伸缩。相比潜望式长焦模组，本实施例的压电驱动的套筒式致动器可以在收缩状态下可以减小智能终端内部的预装空间。而在伸展状态下，基于这种压电驱动组件逐层连接的套筒组件，模组的光路长度可以达到智能终端(例如手机)本身厚度的数倍，足以支撑长焦拍摄的需求，且光路不需要转折。当N＝4时，所述的套筒组件就具有4层套筒，当N＝5时，所述的套筒组件就具有5层套筒。通常来说，当套筒层数增加时，顶层套筒将具有更大的伸展距离。
另一方面，结合参考图11，本申请的一些实施例中，套筒式模组中的用于驱动不同层次的套筒伸缩的压电驱动杆可以布置在同一容纳腔中，从而避免在多个相邻套筒的筒壁之间设置相互隔离的多个容纳腔，有利于降低模组的结构复杂度。同时，由于不同层次的驱动杆可以布置在同一环状容纳腔内，在伸缩套筒组件进行组装时，可以具有较大的安装空间，便于实际产品的自动化组装。
再者，结合参考图11，本申请的一些实施例中，每层套筒可以具有多个压电驱动组件，在俯视角度下，这些压电驱动组件可以均匀地分布在不同的方位，从而为套筒提供稳定的支撑，有利于保证伸缩套筒的直线度(即保证各个套筒的伸缩方向尽可能地保持在同一直线上)。
进一步地，在本申请的一些实施例中，所述第N层套筒(最顶层套筒)包括第N层筒壁、顶盖以及所述的镜头载体；所述第N层筒壁的内侧面、所述镜头载体的外侧面以及所述顶盖的下表面构造出所述的环形容纳腔。对于同一对相邻层次的套筒(指伸展状态下上下相邻的两个套筒)，这两个套筒可以由至少一个压电驱动组件和至少一个辅助引导结构共同支撑。在俯视角度下，连接在同一对所述相邻层套筒之间的至少一个所述压电驱动组件和至少一个辅助引导结构均匀地分布在所述镜头载体的周围。并且，在俯视角度下，位于各个不同层次的所述压电驱动组件和所述辅助引导结构的在周向上位置错开并呈单环形分布(安装在壳体内侧面与套筒组件外侧面之间的压电驱动组件和辅助引导结构除外)。进一步地，在一些实施例中，在俯视角度下，同一层次的多个所述压电驱动组件均匀地分布在所述镜头载体的周围。在收缩状态下各个不同层次的所述压电驱动组件在所述环形容纳腔中依次交替地排布。并且，在俯视角度下，位于各个不同层次的所述压电驱动组件(安装在壳体内侧面与套筒组件外侧面之间的压电驱动组件除外)在周向上位置错开并呈单环形分布。本文中，周向 指圆周方向。周向上错开就是沿着圆周方向错开，而不是径向错开。径向是指直径方向。对应地，周向上错开的设计导致各个不同层次的压电驱动组件和辅助引导结构分布在同一圆环(即分布在单个圆环上或者说呈单环形分布)，而非分布在两个或更多的同心圆环上。这种设计可以提高环形容纳腔的空间利用率，有助于减小模组的径向尺寸。
在本申请的一些实施例中，相邻层次的套筒可以通过驱动杆支撑，与现有技术中基于齿轮传动的套筒式模组相比，本申请的方案不需要在套筒的筒壁上进行复杂加工以形成筒壁之间的相互啮合。这样将有利于减小套筒侧壁的厚度，从而减小模组的径向尺寸。同时，各层套筒具有较小的壁厚也有助于改善套筒在伸展状态下的美观性，有利于提升产品的市场价值。进一步地，在本申请的一个实施例中，相邻层次的套筒的筒壁之间可以具有间隙(对于相邻层次的套筒可以称为内层套筒和外层套筒，这里的间隙可以理解为内层套筒的外侧面与外层套筒的内侧面之间)，该间隙可以小于0.1mm。
在本申请的一些实施例中，相邻层次的套筒可以通过驱动杆支撑，因此不需要在套筒的筒壁上进行复杂加工以形成筒壁之间的相互啮合。这样将有利于减小套筒侧壁的厚度，从而减小模组的径向尺寸。同时，各层套筒具有较小的壁厚也有助于改善套筒在伸展状态下的美观性，有利于提升产品的市场价值。进一步地，在本申请的一个实施例中，相邻层次的套筒的筒壁之间可以具有间隙(对于相邻层次的套筒可以称为内层套筒和外层套筒，这里的间隙可以理解为内层套筒的外侧面与外层套筒的内侧面之间)，该间隙例如可以是0.05mm-0.1mm。相对于现有的套筒式光学致动器来说，本实施例的方案中套筒筒壁之间的间隙可以非常小，该间隙足以避免套筒伸缩运动在筒壁之间造成摩擦即可。避免筒壁之间的摩擦有助于减小驱动套筒伸缩所需的驱动力。减小的筒壁之间的间隙将有助于减小套筒式光学致动器的径向尺寸，径向尺寸即垂直于光轴方向上的尺寸，这里的光轴是指套筒式光学致动器内所安装的光学镜头的光轴。光轴方向与套筒的中轴的方向是基本一致的。该光轴方向与套筒伸缩的方向也基本一致。进一步地，如果套筒的筒壁表面(指外侧面或内侧面)足够光滑时，筒壁之间的间隙还可以进一步地减小，甚至内外相邻的筒壁可以直接接触。
进一步地，在本申请的一些实施例中，所述套筒组件的各个套筒的底板中央可以设置通光孔，以便光线通过各层套筒。需要注意，底板(例如第一层套筒的第一底板或第二层套筒的第二底板)并不是套筒的必需构件。例如在本申请的一些变形的实施例中，部分或全部套筒的底板可以被取消，此时压电驱动组件可以安装在筒壁的外飘或内飘结构上。
进一步地，在本申请的一些实施例中，所述的可伸缩摄像模组在收缩状态下，光学镜头的底面可以低于第一层套筒的底面，为便于描述，本文中将这一设计成为光学镜头的下沉式设计。参考图8和图9，在一个实施例中，顶层套筒的镜头载体133的轴向长度可以小于光学镜头的轴向长度(这里轴向长度是指在光轴方向上的尺寸，轴向长度也可以称为高度)。这样，光学镜头300位于下方的一部分可以暴露在镜头载体133以外。在下沉式设计方案中，光学镜头的高度可以大于顶层套筒的高度，甚至可以大于第一层套筒的高度，因此有助于在光学镜头中布置更多数量的透镜，以便提升光学镜头的成像质量。并且，采用下沉式设计后，高度较大的光学镜头在收缩状态下仍然可以收纳在壳体140与感光组件200共同构成的腔体内部，可以最大限度地利用智能终端设备(例如手机)内部的空间。
进一步地，在本申请的一些实施例中，所述套筒组件的各个套筒的压电驱动组件可以通过可折叠线路板电连接，该可折叠线路板可以包括多个硬板和连接在硬板之间的软板，这样，在套筒的相对伸缩过程中，多个硬板可以被展开和折叠，从而既实现了各个压电驱动组件的电连接，为相应的压电驱动组件提供驱动电压，又避免或抑制了供电线路对套筒组件的伸缩所施加的阻力。
进一步地，在本申请的一些实施例中，对于任意一层套筒，驱动该层套筒伸缩的多个压电驱动组件中的一部分可以被辅助引导结构所代替。例如，假设i是2至N中的任一整数。那么，对于第i层套筒，所述辅助引导结构例如可以包括引导柱，该引导柱上具有竖直引导槽。引导柱的底部可以连接第i-1层套筒，例如可以连接第i-1层套筒的底板。在第i层套筒的筒壁或底板可以连接滑动块，该滑动块可以沿着所述引导柱滑动。所述滑动块设置滚珠容纳槽，所述滚珠位于所述滚珠容纳槽中，并且所述滚珠支撑在所述引导柱与所述滑动块之间，使得在滑动块沿着所述引导柱滑动时，所述滚珠可以沿着所述竖直引导槽滚动，且所述滚珠始终位于所述滚珠容纳槽与所述竖直引导槽之间。这种 基于滚珠的辅助引导结构可以减小第i层套筒相对于第i-1层套筒做伸缩运动的阻力。辅助引导结构可以增强套筒伸缩的稳定性和直线度，同时可以帮助减少压电驱动组件的数目以及相应的驱动线路，以便降低成本和组装工艺的难度。在变形的实施例中，所述辅助引导结构的引导柱可以取消，所述竖直引导槽可以设置在第i-1层套筒的筒壁的内侧面。
进一步地，在一些实施例中，i可以为1，此时第i-1层套筒为第0层套筒，可以将壳体视为第0层套筒。也就是说，竖直引导槽可以设置于壳体，例如设置在与壳体直接或间接连接的引导柱上，或者直接设置在壳体内侧面。第1层套筒可以在压电驱动组件和辅助引导结构的共同作用下，相对于所述壳体伸缩。
进一步地，在一个实施例中，所述i＝3，即套筒组件共有三层套筒(如果将壳体视为第0层套筒，则共有四个套筒)。本实施例中，所述第一压电驱动组件的数目可以为两个，分别设置在对角的两个角落区域，而另外对角的两个角落区域则可以设置第一辅助引导结构。第二压电驱动组件可以是四个，并且第二压电驱动组件均匀分布且与所述第一压电驱动组件和第一辅助引导结构错位设置。第三压电驱动组件可以设置四个，并且第三压电驱动组件均匀分布且与所述第一压电驱动组件、第一辅助引导结构以及第二压电驱动组件错位设置。需注意，在一些变形的实施例中，部分第二压电驱动组件可以被第二辅助引导结构替换。在另一些变形的实施例中，部分第三压电驱动组件可以被第三辅助引导结构替换。第一、第二、第三辅助引导结构具体构成可以参考前文中对辅助引导结构的描述，此处不再赘述。
进一步地，在本申请的一些实施例中，所述套筒组件具有三层套筒，所述套筒式模组在完全伸展的状态下，后焦距离为15-25mm(后焦距离D可以结合参考图5)。所述套筒式光学致动器的高度为：5mm-10mm。在完全伸展状态下，所述套筒组件的顶面相对于所述壳体顶面的伸出距离为：20mm-35mm。结合参考图5，套筒式光学致动器的伸展距离L1与该套筒式光学致动器的原始高度L2的比值范围为：2-5，即L1/L2的范围为2-5。优选地，L1/L2的范围为3-4。这里的套筒式光学致动器的伸展距离L1是指不包含该套筒式光学致动器本身的原始高度的伸展距离。
进一步地，在本申请的一个实施例中，在收缩状态下，所述套筒组件的各层套筒的顶面平齐。
进一步地，在本申请的一个变形的实施例中，可以在次顶层套筒(即第N-1层套筒)设置顶盖，而最顶层的套筒(即第N层套筒)则可以取消顶盖，此时，最顶层套筒的筒壁与镜头载体可以融合，即镜头载体可以直接作为最顶层套筒的筒壁。本实施例中，次顶层套筒的顶盖高度高于所述镜头载体外侧面的外飘结构，从而将该外飘结构和与其连接的驱动组件遮蔽。
进一步地，在本申请的一些实施例中，所述套筒式光学致动器可以用于摄像模组中，构成套筒式摄像模组。该摄像模组包括套筒式光学致动器、光学镜头和感光组件。光学镜头可以安装于所述套筒组件中位于最顶层的所述套筒中。感光组件包括感光芯片，所述感光芯片用于接收通过所述光学镜头的光线并输出成像数据；所述套筒式光学致动器的壳体固定于所述感光组件。
进一步地，在本申请的一些实施例中，所述套筒式摄像模组还可以包括伸缩控制单元，其用于通过驱动电压来控制各层套筒的伸缩。在对光学镜头进行运动控制时，可以采用逐级控制的方式，即升降完成第一层套筒后，再升降第二层套筒，第二层套筒完成升降后，进行第三层套筒(即光学镜头)的升降，升降完成后再进行镜头的对焦。这种设计下，下层套筒(第i层套筒)完成运动后，可以为上层套筒的运动提供稳定的基底，从而保障多层套筒伸缩的移动精度。具体来说，在需要长焦拍摄时，可以先伸展(升)最外侧套筒，然后伸展中间的套筒，最后伸展最内侧套筒，全部伸展到位后，再通过升降最内侧套筒来进行对焦。在需要从长焦拍摄状态切换至普通拍摄状态时，可以先收缩(降)最外侧套筒，然后收缩中间的套筒，最后收缩最内侧套筒，全部收缩到位后，再通过升降最内侧套筒来进行对焦。以上升降顺序(即伸展和收缩的顺序)并不是唯一的。例如，在另一实施例中，在需要从长焦拍摄状态切换至普通拍摄状态时，伸缩控制单元可以先收缩(降)最内侧套筒，然后收缩中间的套筒，最后收缩最外侧套筒，全部收缩到位后，再通过升降最内侧套筒来进行对焦。需注意，本申请的一些实施例中，基于所述套筒式光学致动器的可伸缩摄像模组既可以用于长焦拍摄，也可以用于普通拍摄(例如标准焦距下的拍摄)，其中，套筒式光学致动器在伸展状态下可以用于长焦拍摄，在收缩状态下(不考虑套筒用于对焦的小距离的升降)用于普通拍摄(例如标准焦距下的拍摄)。在本申请的另一些实施例中，基于所述套筒式光学致动器的可伸缩摄像模组可 以与其他摄像模组组成多摄模组，可伸缩摄像模组可以专用于长焦拍摄，而普通拍摄(例如标准焦距下的拍摄)可以通过多摄模组中的其他模组(例如主摄)来完成。该实施例中，可伸缩摄像模组在收缩状态下可以处于非工作状态。
当然，在本申请的一些变形的实施例中，所述伸缩控制单元也可以用于控制多个套筒同步升降，并在升降过程开始并完成对焦工作。这种设计可以加快套筒式光学致动器的响应速度。
在本申请的一个实施例中，所述伸缩控制单元的控制方法可以是：先统一控制各层套筒全部展开(即全部完全伸展)，然后除最顶层套筒外的其他套筒保持不动，再单独控制最顶层套筒来实现对焦移动。
在本申请的另一个实施例中，所述伸缩控制单元的控制方法可以是：每个套筒可以各自独立的进行受控运动，每一层套筒可以分别展开到不同的位置，从而实现摄像模组的多层无级变焦。在进行变焦时，优先驱动最内侧套筒实现变焦和对焦，当最内侧套筒的行程不能满足需求时，再启动次外层套筒参与工作，仍旧不满足时再启动最外侧套筒，直到完全展开。当然，最先驱动的也可以是最外侧套筒，若最外侧套筒行程不足，则驱动次外侧套筒，若行程仍不足，则驱动最内侧套筒，直到完全展开。
本申请的一些实施例中，所述伸缩控制单元可以通过将驱动逻辑预先烧录到模组驱动控制模块的方式实现。驱动逻辑可以包括：在套筒开始运动前，首先模组检测拍摄需要使用到的焦距并转换为套筒需要运行的行程，通过行程匹配来选用套筒的驱动配置。比如当镜头所需的行程小于最内侧套筒行程时，可以仅驱动最内侧套筒将镜头移动至所需位置；当镜头所需的行程大于最内侧套筒行程小于次外侧套筒行程时，可以仅驱动次外侧套筒将镜头移动至所需位置；当镜头所需的行程大于次外侧套筒行程小于最外侧套筒行程时，可以仅驱动最外侧套筒来将镜头移动至所需位置。当镜头所需行程大于任意单独套筒的行程时，根据所需行程大小选用套筒中的两个或者三个，使得套筒组件的总行程大于镜头所需的行程。这里为方便称呼，称最外侧套筒为a套筒，次外侧套筒为b套筒，最内侧套筒为c套筒，在预先烧录的驱动控制单元中，套筒行程组合有ab、bc、ac和abc组合，另外还具有单独驱动a、b或c套筒的驱动模式。在满足行程需求时，优先选用驱动质量最小的套筒组合，其中，ab组合的 驱动质量实际上就是a、b、c三个套筒的驱动质量之和，bc组合的质量为b、c两个套筒的驱动质量之和,ac组合的驱动质量实际上也包含了a、b、c三个套筒的驱动质量之和,单独驱动a套筒的实际驱动质量也是a、b、c三个套筒的驱动质量之和，单独驱动b套筒的实际驱动质量是b、c两个套筒的驱动质量之和,单独驱动c套筒的实际驱动质量就是c套筒本身的驱动质量。再结合考虑需要移动的套筒数目，在满足镜头行程要求的前提下，优先级由高到低依次为：单独驱动c套筒(最轻)、单独驱动b套筒、组合驱动bc套筒组合(驱动质量实际上与单独驱动b套筒一致)、单独驱动a套筒、驱动ac套筒组合、驱动ab套筒组合、驱动abc套筒组合。即优先级为：c＞b＞bc＞a＞ac＞ab＞abc。
在本申请的一个实施例中，当需要套筒组件进行伸缩时，所述伸缩控制单元可以优先选择在满足镜头行程要求的前提下的总驱动质量最小的套筒或套筒组合，然后控制所选定的套筒或套筒组合进行伸缩移动。
在本申请的另一个实施例中，当需要套筒组件进行伸缩时，所述伸缩控制单元可以优先选择在满足镜头行程要求的前提下的所需套筒数目最少的套筒组合或单个套筒，然后控制所选定的套筒组合或单个套筒进行伸缩移动。
上述实施例中，所述的套筒式摄像模组可以安装于终端设备(例如智能手机)中。其中，所述套筒式光学致动器中的所述套筒组件可伸出所述终端设备的外壳。这样，在套筒式光学致动器处于伸展状态下，终端设备(例如智能手机)可以进行长焦拍摄；在套筒式光学致动器处于收缩状态下，终端设备(例如智能手机)可以进行标准焦距拍摄(或其他类型的不需要较长光路的拍摄)。进一步地，在另一实施例中，所述终端设备(例如智能手机)还可搭载多摄模组，该多摄模组中可以包括所述的套筒式摄像模组，在套筒式光学致动器处于伸展状态下，终端设备(例如智能手机)可以进行长焦拍摄；在套筒式光学致动器处于收缩状态下，该终端设备(例如智能手机)可以处于非工作状态；标准焦距拍摄(或其他类型的不需要较长光路的拍摄)可以使用该多摄模组中的其他摄像模组(指套筒式摄像模组以外的模组)完成。
本申请的上述实施例中，相邻层次的套筒的含义主要是指在伸展状态下上下相邻的两层套筒。在附图中所示出的实施例中，上下相邻的套筒就是筒壁内外相邻的套筒。但需要注意，这种设计并不是本申请所必须的。例如，在本申 请的另一些实施例中，上下相邻的套筒可以不是内外相邻的套筒。换句话说，本申请中，套筒的层次由压电驱动组件在致动器完全伸展的状态下所处的层次决定，而不是由套筒组件中各个套筒的筒壁的内外侧关系来决定。
进一步地，在本申请的一些实施例中，同一层次的全部的所述压电驱动组件的所述压电元件可以均安装于所述压电驱动杆的底端。压电元件需要接收驱动电压，而摄像模组的线路板通常位于套筒组件的下方，因此压电元件设置在压电驱动杆的底端，将有助于缩短布线距离，使得相应的柔性线路板或可折叠线路板更加易于安装。当然，在另一些实施例中，同一层次的全部的所述压电驱动组件的所述压电元件也可以均安装于所述压电驱动杆的顶端。同一层次的全部压电驱动组件的所述压电元件均安装在压电驱动杆的同一端，将有助于多个压电元件的协同工作。这种设计下，同一层次的压电驱动组件的驱动算法可以是一致的，从而可以降低驱动算法的实现难度。
进一步地，在本申请的一些实施例中，对于同一层次的多个所述压电驱动组件，其中部分所述压电驱动组件的所述压电元件可以安装于所述压电驱动杆的底端，另一部分所述压电驱动组件的所述压电元件可以安装于所述压电驱动杆的顶端。对于一个压电驱动组件来说，其一端通过压电元件和固定部与套筒来接，相对于移动块的基于摩擦力的连接方式，可以更稳定地支撑所述套筒。本实施例的设计方案中，对于由驱动杆所支撑的上层套筒，其中一部分支撑点是通过压电元件和固定部来实现的，相比全部支撑点都依靠摩擦力(驱动杆与移动块之间的摩擦力)来实现支撑的方式，本实施例的设计方案可以在一定程度上提高驱动杆对套筒支撑的稳定性。
本申请的一些实施例中，在所述套筒的侧壁上可以设置(例如嵌设)位置检测装置(例如霍尔元件)，以检测套筒与套筒之间的位置关系，从而提高控制精度。位置检测装置(例如霍尔元件)也可以设置在支架上(例如在另一实施例中，霍尔元件可以设置在支架159的顶部)。
进一步地，在本申请的一些实施例中，所述摄像模组的感光组件具有芯片OIS防抖功能，以便通过感光芯片的横向移动来补偿摄像模组或智能终端设备(例如手机)的抖动。现有的摄像模组中，通常会将防抖功能设置在镜头端，而随着镜头质量的提升(例如玻璃镜片替代塑料镜片、采用潜望式镜头等均会增加镜头质量)，将导致传统的马达提供的驱动力不足，另外也会影响防抖调 整的精度。而对于套筒式的镜头组件(即将光学镜头安装于套筒式光学致动器所形成的组件)，其质量将进一步加大，本申请的一些实施例中，通过驱动感光芯片的横向移动，来解决模组拍摄过程中的防抖问题，可以减小对防抖驱动元件的驱动力要求，同时，由于套筒式镜头组件本身不需要考虑防抖问题，因此可以简化套筒式镜头组件的结构，有助于摄像模组的小型化。
现有技术中，存在多种压电驱动组件的实现方案，前文中(参考附图7)以Tula方案为例对压电驱动组件做了简要描述。Tula方案的更详细的实施细节可以参考CN204993106U。本申请中，压电驱动组件也可以采用Tula方案以外的其他类型的压电驱动方案，例如多层压电件方案、USM方案等。其中线性致动方案的实施细节可以参考CN107046093B，USM方案的实施细节可以参考CN10109301B。以上压电驱动方案的共同特征是：这些压电驱动组件都具有固定部、安装于所述固定部的压电元件、驱动杆(驱动杆的顶端或底端安装于所述压电元件)和安装于所述驱动杆并可沿所述驱动杆移动的移动块。其中移动块可以是单独成型的，也可以是与被驱动对象(例如被驱动的套筒)一体成型的。
其中，Tula方案和多层压电件方案都属于线性致动方案，它们具备体积小，推力大，精度高的优势，而且驱动结构相对简单，适于驱动较重的产品，适应摄像模组大像面、玻璃镜头等产品趋势，用于芯片防抖、棱镜防抖等用途。其中，多层压电件方案相对于Tula方案的压电元件面积较小(压电元件俯视角度下呈圆盘状，这里的面积指圆盘面积)，所以有助于减小套筒式光学致动器以及相应摄像模组的径向尺寸(径向尺寸即垂直于光轴方向上的尺寸)。而Tula方案相比多层压电件方案，其压电元件具有较小的厚度，即轴向尺寸较小(轴向尺寸即平行于光轴方向上的尺寸)，这有助于减小套筒式光学致动器以及相应摄像模组的轴向尺寸。另外，多层压电件方案的线路通过线性致动器的底座侧面延伸，线路相对简单，适合在空间紧凑的模组中使用。
USM方案具有大推力的优势，适合应用于摄像模组需要大像面、采用玻璃透镜组等情形。另外，基于USM方案，利用不同电场频率的控制，可以实现更多的控制形式，可以实现前进、后退和旋转控制，实现更多的防抖或作动功能，尤其适合在芯片防抖方案中进行旋转运动，实现五轴防抖。相对于Tula方案和多层压电件方案，USM方案占用体积相对较大。本申请中，套筒式光学致动器中的至少两个套筒由压电驱动组件连接。所述压电驱动组件包括固定部、安装 于所述固定部的压电元件、一端安装于所述压电元件的驱动杆和安装于所述驱动杆并可沿所述驱动杆移动的移动块，所述移动块固定于或直接成型于所述套筒组件的一个所述套筒的底部，所述固定部固定于或直接成型于所述套筒组件的另一个所述套筒的底部；所述移动块可沿着所述驱动杆的移动，使得与所述移动块连接的所述套筒相对于与所述固定部连接的另一个所述套筒伸出或缩进。这种设计下，可以通过安装于壳体(例如致动器的方形壳体)内部的驱动装置(可称为套筒组件驱动装置)将整个套筒组件升出壳体(从壳体中央的通光孔升出)，然后再由安装在套筒组件内的压电驱动组件将其中至少一个套筒升起，由于该套筒的移动行程可以与壳体内的驱动装置所提供的移动行程相叠加，因此可以有效地扩展顶层套筒的伸展距离。这里安装于壳体(例如致动器的方形壳体)内部的驱动装置可以是压电驱动组件，也可以是其他类型的驱动组件，例如步进电机、电磁驱动组件、SMA(形状记忆合金)驱动组件等等。该套筒组件驱动装置可以设置在壳体的内侧面与套筒组件的外侧面之间的间隙。由于俯视角度下壳体呈矩形、套筒组件可以呈圆形，因此该套筒组件驱动装置可以设置在壳体的四角区域。另一方面，本申请中的压电驱动组件的压电驱动杆可以对套筒形成支撑，所以对套筒筒壁本身的结构强度要求可以降低，套筒筒壁的厚度，以及内外侧套筒筒壁之间的间距都可以减小，所以有助于减小套筒式光学致动器的径向尺寸。
本文中，A与B连接在一起的表述是指：A和B各自单独成型再将A安装于B，或者A与B一体成型。A与B连接在一起后，A与B的组合体作为一个整体一起移动。
进一步地，在本申请的一些实施例中，所述摄像模组的感光组件具有芯片OIS防抖功能，以便通过感光芯片的横向移动(本文中横向指垂直于光轴的方向)来补偿摄像模组或智能终端设备(例如手机)的抖动。现有的摄像模组中，通常会将防抖功能设置在镜头端，而随着镜头质量的提升(例如玻璃镜片替代塑料镜片、采用潜望式镜头等均会增加镜头质量)，将导致传统的马达提供的驱动力不足，另外也会影响防抖调整的精度。而对于套筒式的镜头组件(即将光学镜头安装于套筒式光学致动器所形成的组件)，其质量将进一步加大，本申请的一些实施例中，通过驱动感光芯片的横向移动，来解决模组拍摄过程中的防抖问题，可以减小对防抖驱动元件的驱动力要求，同时，由于套筒式镜头组件本身不需要考虑防抖问题，因此可以简化套筒式镜头组件的结构，有助于摄像模组的小型化。
下面结合实施例对本申请中的具有芯片OIS防抖功能的感光组件做进一步地描述。
图16示出了本申请一个实施例中的感光组件的立体爆炸示意图。参考图16，在本申请的一个实施例中，所述感光组件包括支撑座210、第一芯片载体220、感光芯片230、第一电磁驱动组件240、第二电磁驱动组件250、第二芯片载体260、模组线路板270和壳体底座280。其中，壳体底座280包括底板281和侧壁282。支撑座210固定于壳体底座280，构成所述感光组件的上盖。支撑座210和壳体底座280可以将感光组件的其他部分封装在内部，从而起到保护作用。同时，支撑座210还可以起到支撑套筒式光学致动器的作用。在整个摄像模组中，壳体140(指套筒式光学致动器的方形壳体)可以与支撑座210以及壳体底座280固定为一体。支撑座210的下方依次设置第一芯片载体220、感光芯片230、第二芯片载体260以及模组线路板270。本实施例中，第二芯片载体260呈平板状，感光芯片230安装于所述第二芯片载体260的上表面。感光芯片230和第二芯片载体260的组合体则安装于模组线路板270的上表面。模组线路板270可以包括硬板271、S形软板272和连接部273。所述硬板271可以是PCB板，其外形呈矩形。硬板271的四边分别连接S形软板272(其中每条边可以连接多个S形软板272)，S形软板272的另一端连接所述的连接部273。所述连接部273承靠于所述壳体底座280的侧壁282，所述连接部273可以用于实现模组线路板270与外界的电连接。本实施例中，支撑座210、第一芯片载体220与第二芯片载体260通过滚珠实现活动连接，从而使得第二芯片载体260可以在第二电磁驱动组件250的驱动下相对于第一芯片载体220沿着x轴移动，使得第一芯片载体220和第二芯片载体260的组合体可以在第一电磁驱动组件240的驱动下相对于所述支撑座210沿着y轴移动。其中，x轴和y轴均是平行于感光芯片230表面的坐标轴。x轴和y轴互相垂直。在本文中，z轴代表感光芯片230表面的法线方向上的坐标轴。结合前文的分析，对于套筒式摄像模组来说，由于其镜头组件包括用于实现伸缩功能的套筒式光学致动器，其套筒组件及其驱动结构(例如压多个电马达组件)需要占用一定体积(x轴、y轴和z轴方向上的尺寸可能都会比普通光学致动器有所增加)；而另一方面，套筒式摄像模组往往服务于长焦拍摄，且长焦拍摄对抖动特别敏感，所以套筒式摄像模组有实现防抖功能的需求。然而，如果直接在镜头组件上增加用于实现防抖功能的驱动模块和悬挂系统，那么势必导致光学致动器的尺寸进一步地增大，不利于摄像模组的小型化。本实施例通过巧妙的构思，以支撑座作为基础部，实现了感光芯片相 对于支撑座的x轴和y轴移动，进而通过芯片移动来补偿摄像模组在拍摄过程中的抖动。由于感光芯片的质量原小于镜头组件，因此芯片防抖的驱动模块所需要提供的驱动力也可以较小，从而有利于减小驱动模块(例如磁体和线圈)本身的尺寸。并且，套筒式光学致动器的压电驱动组件会在镜头周围占用一定的横向空间(即x轴和y轴方向上的空间)，而用于芯片防抖功能的各个构件恰好可以布置在套筒式光学致动器所增加的这部分横向空间，因此可以有效地提升套筒式摄像模组的空间利用率。进一步地，本实施例中，支撑座210位于整个感光组件的最上层(也就是说支撑座210可以充当感光组件的上盖)，其不仅起到引导感光芯片在y轴方向移动的导向作用，而且还对整体感光组件起到一个封装的作用，即将感光组件的其他元件封装在壳体底座280的内部，使得整体结构在工作状态时保持稳定。并且，所述的支撑座210和壳体底座280形成的整体的封装体，可以对伸缩式镜头组件(包括套筒式光学致动器和安装在其中的光学镜头)起到支撑作用，这样，伸缩式镜头在进行伸缩运动时，可以更好地保证其底部结构稳定，从而有助于提高伸缩式镜头的伸缩运动的精度。
进一步地，图17示出了本申请一个实施例中的感光组件的内部结构的装配示意图。为清楚示出内部结构，图17隐去了支撑座210。结合参考图16和参考图17，在本申请的一个实施例中，所述第一芯片载体220的外形呈矩形框架状，其中央为镂空的窗口(即光窗)，装配后感光芯片230可以设置在该窗口的位置。进一步地，图18示出了本申请一个实施例中的第一芯片载体的立体示意图。结合参考图18，第一芯片载体220具有两对平行边，其中一对平行边(可称为第一边221)具有凸罩221a，该凸罩221a由第一芯片载体220的边(第一边221)向上隆起而形成。凸罩221a的下表面安装x轴磁体251。x轴磁体251可以是片状的，其俯视角度下呈长条状且其长度方向与第一边221平行。所述凸罩221a可以由磁屏蔽材料制作，以便防止或抑制第一电磁驱动组件240(其由y轴磁体241和y轴线圈242构成)和第二电磁驱动组件250(其由x轴磁体251和x轴线圈252构成)之间的电磁干扰。第一芯片载体220的另一对平行边(可称为第二边222)具有避让槽222a，该避让槽222a适于避让y轴磁体241。y轴磁体241可以是片状的，其俯视角度下呈长条状且其长度方向与第二边222平行。本实施例中，x轴线圈252和y轴线圈242可以固定于第二芯片载体260或者固定于模组线路板270，并且与所述模组线路板270电连接。装配完成后，x轴线圈252设置在x轴磁体251的正下方，y轴线圈242设置在y轴磁体241的正下方。本实施例中，感光芯片230可以通过打线工艺(wire bonding 工艺)与模组线路板270电连接(当然，本申请的感光芯片也可以通过其他工艺来实现与模组线路板的电连接)。由于模组线路板270与感光芯片230是固定在一起的，在进行防抖移动时，x轴线圈252、y轴线圈242以及感光芯片230与模组线路板270的连接导线不会被拉扯，保证了模组的可靠性。所述第一芯片载体220的四角位置可以设置滚珠孔223，每个滚珠孔223可以容纳一个滚珠224。本实施例中，y轴磁体241可以固定于支撑座210的下表面(或者内侧面)，并且在装配完成后，该y轴磁体241设置在所述第一芯片载体220的避让槽222a的位置处。所述的支撑座210的下表面还具有第一滚珠引导槽211(可结合参考图19)，该第一滚珠引导槽211的位置可以与第一芯片载体220的滚珠孔的位置适配。仰视角度下，所述第一滚珠引导槽可以是条形的，且其引导方向是y轴方向。所述第二芯片载体260的四角位置可以设置第二滚珠引导槽261，该第二滚珠引导槽261的位置可以与第一芯片载体220的滚珠孔223的位置适配。俯视角度下，所述第二滚珠引导槽261可以是条形的，且其引导方向是x轴方向。
进一步地，仍然参考图18，在本申请的一个实施例中，所述第一芯片载体220的凸罩221a可以具有导磁孔221b。所述凸罩221a可以包括位于两侧的隆起连接部221d和位于中央的板状凸起部221c。所述导磁孔221b设置在凸罩221a的板状凸起部221c，且贯穿所述板状凸起部221c的上表面和下表面。这样，安装于凸罩221a下方的磁体的磁场可以通过导磁孔221b导出，从而保证对应方向上(例如x轴方向上)具有足够的驱动力。与此同时，凸罩221a仍然可以抑制第一电磁驱动组件240和第二电磁驱动组件250之间的电磁干扰。
进一步地，在本申请的一个实施例中，所述第二芯片载体呈平板状，也可以称为衬垫。该衬垫附着于模组线路板，一方面可以增加模组线路板的结构强度，另一方面该衬垫的表面平整度可以高于模组线路板，从而有利于为感光芯片的移动提供稳定的载体(例如可以避免移动过程中感光芯片的承靠面出现弯曲)。
进一步地，在本申请的一个实施例中，壳体底座的高度小于等于5mm，模组线路板容纳在壳体底座的内部，其周侧通过S形软板和连接器与壳体底座相接触。
进一步地，在本申请的一个实施例中，x轴磁体与y轴磁体设置在同一平面上，x轴磁体可以包裹在所述第一芯片载体的凸罩下，因此可以抑制x轴磁体与y轴磁体之间的电磁干扰。同时，x轴磁体与y轴磁体设置在同一平面上，还可以有效的减小感光组件在高度方向上所占用的空间。
进一步地，在本申请的一个实施例中，所述感光组件中，感光芯片的x轴方 向和y轴方向上的移动可以共用滚珠，此种设计在简化结构的同时，可以有效地降低感光组件的高度以及其他方向上的尺寸。图19示出了本申请一个实施例中支撑座、第一芯片载体和第二芯片载体的滚珠连接的剖面示意图。图20示出了第一芯片载体的滚珠孔和第二芯片载体的第二滚珠引导槽。参考图19和图20，本实施例中，滚珠224的顶部和底部可以分别承靠于支撑座210的下表面和第二芯片载体260的上表面。第一芯片载体220位于支撑座210和第二芯片载体260之间，并且滚珠224从第一芯片载体220的滚珠孔223中穿过。滚珠孔223的内侧面可以承靠于所述滚珠224的部分外表面，从而使得在装配完成后，支撑座210和第一芯片载体220之间，第一芯片载体220和第二芯片载体260之间均具有间隙。也就是说，在z轴方向上(即感光芯片表面的法线方向上)，支撑座210和第一芯片载体220之间，以及第一芯片载体220和第二芯片载体260之间均通过所述滚珠224支撑。需注意，图19仅示出了一个位置的滚珠224及其附近的局部结构，本实施例中，在俯视角度下，滚珠224可以布置在第一芯片载体220的四角区域。在本申请的其他实施例中，在俯视角度下，滚珠也可以布置在其他位置，只要可以在z轴方向上实现对支撑座和第一芯片载体的支撑，且在z轴方向上实现对第一芯片载体和第二芯片载体的支撑即可。第二滚珠引导槽261的引导方向是x轴方向，在图20中x轴方向是垂直于纸面的方向。由于滚珠224可以实现滚动支撑，因此可以减小第一芯片载体220相对于第二芯片载体260的移动的摩擦力，同时也可以减小第一芯片载体220相对于支撑座210移动的摩擦力。本实施例中，仅使用一层滚珠就实现了x轴方向和y轴方向移动的活动连接，相比使用双层滚珠的方案，可以减少感光组件的结构复杂度，同时还可以降低感光组件的高度。尤其是，感光组件高度的降低，对于套筒式摄像模组具有更加显著的作用。套筒式光学致动器中包括多层可伸缩的套筒，如果感光组件的高度降低G,那么就意味着套筒式光学致动器的每层套筒的高度都可以增加G，这样套筒式光学致动器总伸出距离可以是G的数倍。这个倍数与套筒的数目是一致的。所以，本实施例的针对感光组件高度的改进，在应用于套筒式摄像模组中时，可以使得该摄像模组的伸出距离显著增加，从而提供更强的长焦拍摄能力。
进一步地，本申请的一个实施例中，所述感光组件的支撑座的四角区域可以设置容许压电驱动组件穿过的通孔。具体来说，套筒式光学致动器的第一压电驱动组件的底部可以布置于感光组件中，例如第一压电驱动组件的固定块可以安装于模组底座，其驱动杆则穿过所述支撑座的通孔。相比将第一压电驱动组件的底 部安装于支撑座顶面的设计，本实施例的设计方案可以在同等模组高度的前提下，增加第一压电驱动组件可提供的移动行程，从而增加套筒式光学致动器的伸展长度。
以上描述仅为本申请的较佳实施方式以及对所运用技术原理的说明。本领域技术人员应当理解，本申请中所涉及的发明范围，并不限于上述技术特征的特定组合而成的技术方案，同时也应涵盖在不脱离所述发明构思的情况下，由上述技术特征或其等同特征进行任意组合而形成的其它技术方案。例如上述特征与本申请中公开的(但不限于)具有类似功能的技术特征进行互相替换而形成的技术方案。

Claims (53)

  1. 套筒式光学致动器，其特征在于，包括：
    壳体；
    驱动装置，其包括压电驱动组件；以及
    套筒组件，其安装在所述壳体内，并且其适于受控地伸出所述壳体或者收缩在所述壳体中；所述套筒组件包括嵌套布置的多个套筒；
    其中，至少两个所述套筒由所述压电驱动组件连接；所述压电驱动组件包括固定部、安装于所述固定部的压电元件、一端安装于所述压电元件的驱动杆和安装于所述驱动杆并可沿所述驱动杆移动的移动块，所述移动块与所述套筒组件的一个所述套筒的底部连接在一起，所述固定部与所述套筒组件的另一个所述套筒的底部连接在一起；所述移动块可沿着所述驱动杆移动，使得与所述移动块连接的所述套筒相对于与所述固定部连接的另一个所述套筒伸出或缩进。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的套筒式光学致动器，其特征在于，所述的嵌套布置的多个套筒依次包括：第1层套筒，第2层套筒，…，第N-1层套筒和第N层套筒，其中，N是大于等于2的整数；
    对于任意第i+1层套筒，其由第i层驱动组件驱动，所述第i层驱动组件为所述的压电驱动组件，所述第i层驱动组件的所述移动块安装于或直接成型于所述第i+1层套筒的底部；所述第i层驱动组件的所述固定部安装于或直接成型于所述第i层套筒的底部；其中，i是1到N-1中的任一整数。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的套筒式光学致动器，其特征在于，所述套筒组件包括三层所述套筒。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的套筒式光学致动器，其特征在于，在收缩状态下，所述套筒组件的各层所述套筒的顶面平齐；在收缩状态下，所述光学致动器的高度为：5mm-10mm；在完全伸展状态下，所述套筒组件的顶面相对于所述壳体顶面的伸出距离为：20mm-35mm。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的套筒式光学致动器，其特征在于，所述套筒包括筒壁，其中，所述的第N层套筒包括镜头载体，所述镜头载体的内侧适于安装光学镜头；所述镜头载体与所述筒壁之间形成环形容纳腔，所述第N层驱动组件设置在所述环形容纳腔中。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的套筒式光学致动器，其特征在于，除第1层驱动组件外，其余各层次的所述压电驱动组件均设置在所述环形容纳腔中。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的套筒式光学致动器，其特征在于，每个层次的所述压电驱动组件均具有多个；在俯视角度下，每个层次的多个所述压电驱动组件均在所述环形容纳腔中均匀分布，且在收缩状态下不同层次的所述压电驱动组件在所述环形容纳腔中依次交替地布置。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的套筒式光学致动器，其特征在于，所述第N层套筒包括第N层筒壁、顶盖以及所述的镜头载体；所述第N层筒壁的内侧面、所述镜头载体的外侧面以及所述顶盖的下表面构造出所述的环形容纳腔。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的套筒式光学致动器，其特征在于，同一层次的全部的所述压电驱动组件的所述压电元件均安装于所述压电驱动杆的底端。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的套筒式光学致动器，其特征在于，同一层次的全部的所述压电驱动组件的所述压电元件均安装于所述压电驱动杆的顶端。
  11. 根据权利要求7所述的套筒式光学致动器，其特征在于，对于同一层次的多个所述压电驱动组件，其中部分所述压电驱动组件的所述压电元件安装于所述压电驱动杆的底端，另一部分所述压电驱动组件的所述压电元件安装于所述压电驱动杆的顶端。
  12. 根据权利要求2所述的套筒式光学致动器，其特征在于，在各个所述套筒处于伸展状态下位于最顶层的所述套筒包括镜头载体，所述镜头载体的内侧适于安装光学镜头；在各个所述套筒处于收缩状态下，至少两个不同层次的 所述压电驱动组件收纳于同一个容纳腔内，所述容纳腔位于所述镜头载体与所述套筒的筒壁之间。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的套筒式光学致动器，其特征在于，所述套筒组件中，其中至少一对相邻层套筒由多个所述压电驱动组件连接。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的套筒式光学致动器，其特征在于，所述套筒组件中，其中至少一对相邻层套筒由至少一个所述压电驱动组件和至少一个辅助引导结构连接；其中，所述辅助引导结构包括引导柱和滑动块，所述滑动块设置滚珠限位槽，所述滚珠限位槽内具有滚珠，所述引导柱设置竖直引导槽，所述滑动块安装于所述引导柱并可沿所述竖直引导槽滑动；并且所述滚珠支撑在所述滑动块与所述引导柱之间；所述相邻层套筒中的一个套筒的底部与所述引导柱的底端或顶端连接在一起；所述相邻层套筒中的另一个套筒的底部与所述滑动块连接在一起。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的套筒式光学致动器，其特征在于，在俯视角度下，同一层次的多个所述压电驱动组件均匀地分布在所述镜头载体的周围。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的套筒式光学致动器，其特征在于，所述容纳腔为环形容纳腔，在收缩状态下不同层次的所述压电驱动组件在所述环形容纳腔中依次交替地排布。
  17. 根据权利要求14所述的套筒式光学致动器，其特征在于，在俯视角度下，连接在同一对所述相邻层套筒之间的至少一个所述压电驱动组件和至少一个辅助引导结构均匀地分布在所述镜头载体的周围。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的套筒式光学致动器，其特征在于，在俯视角度下，位于各个不同层次的所述压电驱动组件和所述辅助引导结构的在周向上位置错开并呈单环形分布。
  19. 根据权利要求12所述的套筒式光学致动器，其特征在于，所述第N层套筒包括第N层筒壁、顶盖以及所述的镜头载体；所述第N层筒壁的内侧面、所述镜头载体的外侧面以及所述顶盖的下表面构造出所述的环形容纳腔。
  20. 根据权利要求12所述的套筒式光学致动器，其特征在于，所述驱动装置还包括第二压电驱动组件，所述第二压电驱动组件用于驱动所述套筒组件从所述壳体通光孔伸出所述壳体。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的套筒式光学致动器，其特征在于，所述第二压电驱动组件布置在所述壳体和所述套筒组件之间，且所述第二压电驱动组件位于所述壳体的四角区域中的一个或多个角落区域。
  22. 根据权利要求20所述的套筒式光学致动器，其特征在于，所述壳体和所述套筒组件之间还设置第二辅助引导结构，所述第二辅助引导结构包括竖直引导槽、和滑动块；所述滑动块具有滚珠限位槽，所述滚珠限位槽内设置滚珠，所述滑动块沿着所述竖直引导槽滑动，所述竖直引导槽设置于所述壳体的内侧面或者设置于所述壳体内的立柱；在水平方向上，所述壳体的内侧面或者所述立柱与所述滑动块之间由所述滚珠支撑。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的套筒式光学致动器，其特征在于，所述第二压电驱动组件和所述第二辅助引导结构分布在所述壳体的四角区域。
  24. 根据权利要求12所述的套筒式光学致动器，其特征在于，所述套筒包括筒壁，所述筒壁的底部向外侧或向内侧水平延伸形成外飘结构或内飘结构，并且所述外飘结构或所述内飘结构作为所述压电驱动组件的移动块，与所述压电驱动组件的驱动杆实现活动连接。
  25. 根据权利要求12所述的套筒式光学致动器，其特征在于，所述压电驱动组件包括第一压电驱动组件、第二压电驱动组件和第三压电驱动组件；
    所述套筒组件包括由外至内依次嵌套的第一套筒、第二套筒和第三套筒；所述第一套筒包括第一筒壁和第一底板，所述第一筒壁的底部向外侧水平延伸 形成第一外飘结构，所述第一外飘结构作为所述移动块与所述第一压电驱动组件的所述驱动杆实现活动连接。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的套筒式光学致动器，其特征在于，所述第二套筒包括第二筒壁和第二底板，所述第二筒壁的底部向内侧水平延伸形成第二内飘结构，所述第二内飘结构作为所述移动块与所述第二压电驱动组件的所述驱动杆实现活动连接。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的套筒式光学致动器，其特征在于，所述第三套筒包括第三筒壁、顶盖和所述镜头载体，所述镜头载体呈筒状且其底部向外水平延伸形成第三外飘结构，所述第三内飘结构作为所述移动块与所述第三压电驱动组件的所述驱动杆实现活动连接。
  28. 一种摄像模组，其特征在于，其包括：
    权利要求1-27中任意一项所述的套筒式光学致动器；
    光学镜头，其安装于所述套筒组件中位于最顶层的所述套筒中；以及
    感光组件，其包括感光芯片，所述感光芯片用于接收通过所述光学镜头的光线并输出成像数据；所述套筒式光学致动器的壳体固定于所述感光组件。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的摄像模组，其特征在于，所述摄像模组还包括伸缩控制单元，其用于控制所述套筒式光学致动器的各个所述套筒逐层移动，所述移动是所述套筒的伸展或收缩运动。
  30. 根据权利要求28所述的摄像模组，其特征在于，所述摄像模组还包括伸缩控制单元，其用于控制所述套筒式光学致动器的各个所述套筒同时移动，所述移动是所述套筒的伸展或收缩运动。
  31. 根据权利要求28所述的摄像模组，其特征在于，所述摄像模组还包括伸缩控制单元，其用于获取所述摄像模组当前拍摄所需的伸展距离，然后选择需要进行伸缩移动的单个套筒或套筒组合，再控制所选定的单个套筒或套筒组合进行伸展或收缩。
  32. 根据权利要求28所述的摄像模组，其特征在于，所述摄像模组还包括伸缩控制单元，其用于获取所述摄像模组当前拍摄所需的伸展距离，然后控制所述套筒组件进行伸缩移动，到达所需的伸展距离，再控制位于最上层的所述套筒进行伸缩移动以进行对焦。
  33. 根据权利要求31所述的摄像模组，其特征在于，所述伸缩控制单元还用于：在满足镜头行程要求的前提下，选择总驱动质量最小的套筒或套筒组合，然后控制所选定的套筒或套筒组合进行伸缩移动。
  34. 根据权利要求31所述的摄像模组，其特征在于，所述伸缩控制单元还用于：在满足镜头行程要求的前提下，选择所需套筒数目最少的套筒组合或单个套筒，然后控制所选定的套筒组合或单个套筒进行伸缩移动。
  35. 根据权利要求31所述的摄像模组，其特征在于，所述伸缩控制单元还用于：根据预先烧录至固件的配置文件选择满足镜头行程要求的套筒组合或单个套筒，所述套筒组合或单个套筒的优先级根据所述配置文件确定。
  36. 一种套筒式摄像模组，其特征在于，其包括：权利要求1-27中任意一项所述的套筒式光学致动器；和感光组件；
    所述感光组件包括：
    支撑座；
    感光芯片；
    模组线路板，所述感光芯片与所述模组线路板固定在一起；和
    壳体底座，所述壳体底座和所述支撑座将所述感光芯片和所述模组线路板封装在内部；所述套筒式光学致动器安装于所述支撑座的顶部，所述感光芯片相对于所述支撑座移动。
  37. 根据权利要求36所述的套筒式摄像模组，其特征在于，所述感光组件还包括：第一芯片载体和第二芯片载体；所述第一芯片载体位于所述第二芯片载体与所述支撑座之间，且所述第一芯片载体中央具有光窗；所述感光芯片安 装于所述第二芯片载体的上表面；所述第一芯片载体适于相对于所述支撑座在y轴方向上移动；所述第二芯片载体适于相对于所述第一芯片载体在x轴方向上移动；其中，所述x轴和所述y轴均为平行于所述感光芯片表面的坐标轴，并且所述x轴和所述y轴互相垂直。
  38. 根据权利要求37所述的套筒式摄像模组，其特征在于，所述支撑座和所述第二芯片载体之间布置单层滚珠，所述第一芯片载体具有滚珠孔，所述滚珠穿过所述滚珠孔；在z轴方向上，所述支撑座和所述第一芯片载体由所述滚珠支撑，以及在z轴方向上，所述第一芯片载体和所述第二芯片载体由所述滚珠支撑；其中，z轴为垂直于所述x轴和所述y轴的坐标轴。
  39. 根据权利要求38所述的套筒式摄像模组，其特征在于，所述滚珠孔的内侧面承靠于所述滚珠的部分外表面。
  40. 根据权利要求39所述的套筒式摄像模组，其特征在于，所述支撑座和所述第一芯片载体之间，以及第一芯片载体和第二芯片载体之间均具有间隙。
  41. 根据权利要求38所述的套筒式摄像模组，其特征在于，在俯视角度下，所述第一芯片载体呈矩形，所述滚珠布置在所述第一芯片载体的四角区域。
  42. 根据权利要求38所述的套筒式摄像模组，其特征在于，所述第二芯片载体的四角位置设置第二滚珠引导槽，所述第二滚珠引导槽的位置与所述第一芯片载体的所述滚珠孔的位置适配；俯视角度下，所述第二滚珠引导槽是条形的，且其引导方向是x轴方向。
  43. 根据权利要求38所述的套筒式摄像模组，其特征在于，所述支撑座具有第一滚珠引导槽，且所述第一滚珠引导槽的位置与所述第一芯片载体的所述滚珠孔的位置适配；仰视角度下，所述第一滚珠引导槽是条形的，且其引导方向是y轴方向。
  44. 根据权利要求37所述的套筒式摄像模组，其特征在于，所述第一芯片载体具有两条互相平行的第一边和两条互相平行的第二边，其中所述第一边向上隆起形成凸罩，所述凸罩的下表面安装x轴磁体，所述第二边具有避让槽适于避让y轴磁体，所述y轴磁体安装于所述支撑座。
  45. 根据权利要求44所述的套筒式摄像模组，其特征在于，所述凸罩由磁屏蔽材料制作。
  46. 根据权利要求45所述的套筒式摄像模组，其特征在于，所述凸罩具有导磁孔。
  47. 根据权利要求44所述的套筒式摄像模组，其特征在于，所述x轴磁体是片状的，其俯视角度下呈条状且其长度方向与所述第一边平行。
  48. 根据权利要求44所述的套筒式摄像模组，其特征在于，所述y轴磁体是片状的，其俯视角度下呈条状且其长度方向与所述第二边平行。
  49. 根据权利要求44所述的套筒式摄像模组，其特征在于，x轴线圈和y轴线圈固定于所述第二芯片载体或者固定于所述模组线路板，并且所述x轴线圈和所述y轴线圈与所述模组线路板电连接；所述x轴线圈设置在所述x轴磁体的正下方，所述y轴线圈设置在所述y轴磁体的正下方。
  50. 根据权利要求36所述的套筒式摄像模组，其特征在于，所述驱动装置还包括用于驱动所述套筒组件伸出所述壳体或者收缩在所述壳体中的第一压电驱动组件，所述第一压电驱动组件的固定块安装于模组底座，所述第一压电驱动组件的驱动杆穿过所述支撑座。
  51. 一种终端设备，其特征在于，其包括权利要求28-50中任一项所述的摄像模组；
    其中，所述套筒式光学致动器的所述套筒组件的各个所述套筒可伸出所述终端设备的外壳。
  52. 套筒式光学致动器，其特征在于，包括：
    壳体，其顶部具有一壳体通光孔；
    驱动装置，其包括多个压电驱动组件，每个所述压电驱动组件包括固定块、安装于所述固定块的压电元件、一端安装于所述压电元件的驱动杆和安装于所述驱动杆并可沿所述驱动杆移动的移动块；以及
    套筒组件，其安装在所述壳体内并且其适于受控地从所述壳体通光孔伸出所述壳体；所述套筒组件包括多层嵌套布置的套筒；
    其中，所述多个压电驱动组件至少包括两层，每层所述压电驱动组件连接两个相邻的所述套筒，其中一个套筒的底部与该层压电驱动组件的所述移动块连接在一起，另一个套筒的底部与该层压电驱动组件的所述固定块连接在一起；并且，
    在各个所述套筒处于伸展状态下位于最顶层的所述套筒包括镜头载体，所述镜头载体的内侧适于安装光学镜头；在各个所述套筒处于收缩状态下，至少两个不同层次的所述压电驱动组件收纳于同一个容纳腔内，所述容纳腔位于所述镜头载体与所述套筒的筒壁之间。
  53. 套筒式摄像模组，其特征在于，包括套筒式光学致动器和感光组件；
    所述套筒式光学致动器包括
    壳体；
    驱动装置；和
    套筒组件，其安装在所述壳体内，并且其适于受控地伸出所述壳体或者收缩在所述壳体中；所述套筒组件包括同轴嵌套布置的多个套筒；其中至少一个所述套筒可相对于另一个所述套筒伸出和缩进；并且
    所述感光组件包括
    支撑座；
    感光芯片；
    模组线路板，所述感光芯片与所述模组线路板固定在一起；和
    壳体底座,所述壳体底座和所述支撑座将所述感光芯片和所述模组线路板封装在内部；所述套筒式光学致动器安装于所述支撑座的顶部，所述感光芯片相对于所述支撑座移动。
PCT/CN2022/074205 2021-02-10 2022-01-27 套筒式光学致动器及相应的摄像模组和终端设备 WO2022170987A1 (zh)

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CN109932853A (zh) * 2017-12-18 2019-06-25 宁波舜宇光电信息有限公司 光学致动器及相应的摄像模组
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