WO2022166794A1 - 埃克替尼在非小细胞肺癌术后辅助治疗中的应用 - Google Patents

埃克替尼在非小细胞肺癌术后辅助治疗中的应用 Download PDF

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WO2022166794A1
WO2022166794A1 PCT/CN2022/074493 CN2022074493W WO2022166794A1 WO 2022166794 A1 WO2022166794 A1 WO 2022166794A1 CN 2022074493 W CN2022074493 W CN 2022074493W WO 2022166794 A1 WO2022166794 A1 WO 2022166794A1
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icotinib
lung cancer
use according
pharmaceutically acceptable
mutation
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PCT/CN2022/074493
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French (fr)
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周彩存
谭芬来
何建行
苏春霞
梁文华
汪洋
袁晓玢
杨敏
刘勇
何伟
何祥波
刘国峰
郝志栋
张丹丹
季东
毛力
丁列明
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贝达药业股份有限公司
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Priority to CN202280011300.2A priority Critical patent/CN116829152A/zh
Publication of WO2022166794A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022166794A1/zh

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/495Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • A61K31/505Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
    • A61K31/519Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic rings
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00Antineoplastic agents

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  • the invention belongs to the technical field of medicine, and relates to the application of icotinib in the postoperative adjuvant therapy of non-small cell lung cancer.
  • Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of death of cancer patients in my country and even in the world, among which non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 80-85% of all lung cancer patients.
  • NSCLC non-small cell lung cancer
  • the 5-year survival rate for patients with NSCLC after surgery is 25%-73%, depending on disease stage.
  • Surgical resection is one of the main treatment methods for patients with early stage NSCLC, making it possible to cure lung cancer clinically. However, even with surgery, 40-75% of patients with stage I-IIIA NSCLC will relapse and die within 5 years. Therefore, the guidelines of various countries recommend postoperative adjuvant therapy for stage II-IIIA patients with complete surgical resection.
  • NSCLC National Comprehensive Cancer Network
  • the available chemotherapy regimens include vinorelbine and etoposide on the basis of cisplatin. , vinblastine, gemcitabine, docetaxel or pemetrexed; for patients with concomitant diseases who cannot tolerate cisplatin therapy, the combination of carboplatin and paclitaxel can be used for chemotherapy.
  • my country's "Primary Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Standards (2011)” recommends that patients with complete resection of stage II-III receive postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy with platinum-containing two-drug regimen.
  • adjuvant chemotherapy provides clinical and survival benefits to patients compared with placebo, adjuvant chemotherapy has a DFS of approximately 19-28 months and is associated with severe hematologic toxicity. There is an urgent need for effective and low-toxicity treatments for surgically resectable patients.
  • EGFR-TKI epidermal growth factor receptor
  • DFS disease-free survival
  • stage II-IIIA Preliminary exploration of similar drugs in stage II-IIIA confirmed the efficacy of gefitinib and erlotinib as postoperative adjuvant therapy in patients with stage II-IIIA NSCLC compared with standard therapy (chemotherapy), but neither of the above two studies were Registration studies aimed at applying for listing have certain limitations in terms of data robustness and target population selection.
  • the DFS of the gefitinib group was only 30.8 months, that is, relapse occurred half a year after the patient finished taking the drug; while the EVAN study was a phase II study with a small sample size and the data was relatively instable, and the study Only patients with stage IIIA were enrolled, and neither of the above two drugs has been approved for this indication.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a use of icotinib or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in the preparation of a medicament for the treatment and/or adjuvant treatment of a patient with a tumor
  • the tumor is preferably non-small cell lung cancer
  • the tumor is EGFR mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer, wherein the patient has undergone complete surgical resection of the lesion prior to administration of icotinib or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • the non-small cell lung cancer is stage II-IIIA non-small cell lung cancer.
  • the EGFR mutation is EGFR exon 19 deletion or exon 21 L858R mutation.
  • the EGFR mutation is not the exon 20 T790M mutation.
  • the patient has no tumor recurrence or/and metastasis prior to administration of icotinib or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • the patient has not received systemic anti-tumor therapy, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy or targeted therapy before administration of icotinib or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;
  • the Targeted therapy includes, but is not limited to, monoclonal antibodies, small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and the like.
  • the medicament includes icotinib or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable salt of icotinib is icotinib hydrochloride.
  • the icotinib or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered three times a day.
  • icotinib hydrochloride is administered three times daily.
  • the single dose of the drug is 125 mg of icotinib.
  • the medicament is administered orally.
  • the medicament is a tablet.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for the treatment and/or adjuvant treatment of EGFR mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer in a tumor patient, the method comprising administering icotinib or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to the patient, wherein the patient has had a complete surgical resection of the lesion prior to administration of icotinib or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • Stage II-IIIA non-small cell lung cancer Classification according to the seventh edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer [AJCC, American Joint Committee on Cancer] TNM staging for lung cancer.
  • EGFR mutation status is first assessed using a patient-derived tumor tissue biopsy sample. If tumor samples are not available, or if tumor samples are negative, plasma samples can be used to assess EGFR mutation status.
  • a specific example of a suitable diagnostic method for the detection of EGFR activating mutations is a human EGFR gene mutation detection kit (fluorescence PCR method, Xiamen Aide Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd.) .
  • complete resection (refer to the 2015 edition of the "Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Primary Lung Cancer" formulated by the National Health and Family Planning Commission):
  • the complete resection (R0 operation) should be routinely performed systematic hilar And each group of mediastinal lymph nodes (N1 and N2 lymph nodes) were removed, and the locations were marked for pathological examination.
  • At least 3 mediastinal drainage areas (N2 station) including lymph nodes under the carina should be dissected or sampled, and en bloc resection of lymph nodes should be ensured as much as possible.
  • the recommended right thoracic lymph node dissection range is: 2R, 3a, 3p, 4R, 7-9 lymph nodes and surrounding soft tissues
  • the left thoracic lymph node removal range is: 4L, 5-9 lymph nodes and surrounding soft tissues.
  • Incomplete resection (R1) surgery was defined when there was extranodal involvement in the border lymph nodes of the resected mediastinal or lobar lymph nodes
  • palliative resection (R2) surgery was defined when the lymph nodes had proven metastases but could not be resected
  • the lymph nodes in the highest resection group still have cancer cells under the microscope, or when the lymph node dissection fails to meet the above requirements, it is defined as indeterminate surgical resection.
  • Icotinib has the following chemical structure:
  • Icotinib can exist as the following hydrochloride salt: 4-[(3-ethynylphenyl)amino]-6,7-benzo-12-crown-4-quinazoline hydrochloride.
  • Icotinib hydrochloride is also known as
  • test method is usually carried out in accordance with the conventional conditions or the conditions suggested by the manufacturer; the raw materials and reagents can be obtained by commercially available methods.
  • This study is a randomized, multicenter, active drug-controlled phase III clinical study. It is planned to enroll 320 patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) sensitive mutation-positive stage II-IIIA non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after complete resection (R0) in 47 centers across the country. The proportion of patients were randomly assigned to icotinib or standard adjuvant chemotherapy, stratified by disease stage (stage II/IIIA), mutation site (19del/21L858R), and lobe/pneumonectomy. A total of 322 subjects were actually enrolled, including 161 in the icotinib group and 161 in the standard adjuvant chemotherapy group.
  • EGFR epidermal growth factor receptor
  • NSCLC non-small cell lung cancer
  • the subjects in the icotinib group received icotinib hydrochloride 125 mg tablets, three times a day, one tablet each time, orally, for 24 consecutive months before the subjects had tumor recurrence and metastasis or had intolerable toxic reactions.
  • the subjects in the standard adjuvant chemotherapy group received 4 cycles of vinorelbine plus cisplatin or pemetrexed plus cisplatin with standard adjuvant chemotherapy (vinorelbine + cisplatin/pemetrexed + cisplatin), in which squamous cell carcinoma was affected.
  • Subjects received vinorelbine combined with cisplatin chemotherapy, and the choice of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy regimen for non-squamous cell carcinoma subjects was determined by the investigator according to the subjects' physical condition and tolerance.
  • stage II-IIIA non-small cell lung cancer confirmed by pathology after complete surgical resection (according to the 2015 edition of "Primary Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Standards” formulated by the National Health and Family Planning Commission);
  • the ECOG score of physical condition is 0-1;
  • the expected survival time is at least 1 year;
  • Bone marrow absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ⁇ 2.0 ⁇ 10 9 /L, platelets ⁇ 100 ⁇ 10 9 /L, hemoglobin ⁇ 9g/dl;
  • Kidney Serum creatinine ⁇ 1.25 times the upper limit of normal or creatinine clearance rate ⁇ 60ml/min;
  • Females of childbearing age must take a pregnancy test within 7 days before starting treatment and the result is negative, and take contraceptive measures during the treatment period and within 3 months after the end; males of childbearing age: surgical sterilization or treatment and within 3 months after the end take contraceptive measures;
  • This lung cancer operation is the subject of total right lung resection
  • Any unstable systemic disease including active infection, grade III hypertension, unstable angina, congestive heart failure, liver and kidney or metabolic disease;
  • Bone marrow absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ⁇ 2.0 ⁇ 10 9 /L (2,000/mm 3 ), platelets ⁇ 100 ⁇ 10 9 /L or hemoglobin ⁇ 9g/dl;
  • the subject has tumor lesions.
  • Icotinib 125mg/tablet one tablet at a time, three times a day, orally, for 24 consecutive months or tumor recurrence or metastasis or intolerable toxicity.
  • Subjects in the standard adjuvant chemotherapy group received standard adjuvant chemotherapy regimens of 4 cycles of vinorelbine plus cisplatin or pemetrexed plus cisplatin.
  • the squamous cell carcinoma subjects received vinorelbine combined with cisplatin chemotherapy, and the choice of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy regimen for the non-squamous carcinoma subjects was decided by the investigator according to the subjects' physical condition and tolerance.
  • Cisplatin Vinorelbine + Cisplatin: Vinorelbine 25mg/ m2 IV (iv bolus or IV infusion) on Days 1 and 8; Cisplatin 75mg/ m2 IV infusion on Day 1 or total The dose is given in 3 days; 21 days is a cycle, for 4 consecutive cycles, or until the tumor recurs or metastasizes or intolerable toxicity occurs.
  • Pemetrexed + Cisplatin (for non-squamous cell carcinoma subjects only): Pemetrexed 500mg/ m2 IV on Day 1; Cisplatin 75mg/ m2 IV on Day 1 or total The dose is given in 3 days; 21 days is a cycle, for 4 consecutive cycles, or until the tumor recurs or metastasizes or intolerable toxicity occurs.
  • the administration can be delayed for up to 14 days, and once the delay exceeds 14 days, the subject will terminate the treatment; however, even if the subject experiences a delay in treatment, the tumor assessment should still follow the original plan conduct.
  • Safety Results The safety analysis is based on SS. The AEs in the pooled analysis of this study were only for adverse events during treatment.

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Abstract

埃克替尼在非小细胞肺癌术后辅助治疗中的应用。埃克替尼用于EGFR基因敏感突变的NSCLC患者术后辅助治疗的疗效显著优于标准辅助化疗,同时安全性较标准辅助化疗更优,即埃克替尼辅助治疗可为II-IIIA期NSCLC患者提供安全有效的治疗选择。

Description

埃克替尼在非小细胞肺癌术后辅助治疗中的应用 技术领域
本发明属于医药技术领域,涉及埃克替尼在非小细胞肺癌术后辅助治疗中的应用。
背景技术
肺癌是我国乃至全世界癌症患者死亡的首要病因之一,其中非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)占所有肺癌患者的80-85%。根据疾病分期的不同,NSCLC术后患者的5年生存率为25%-73%。手术切除是早期NSCLC患者主要的治疗手段之一,使临床治愈肺癌成为可能。但是,即使接受手术治疗,40-75%I-IIIA期NSCLC患者会在5年内出现复发并因此死亡。因此对手术完全切除病灶的II-IIIA期患者,各国的指南均推荐进行术后辅助治疗。2013年National Comprehensive Cancer Network(NCCN)发布指南,推荐IB-IIIA期完全切除的术后NSCLC患者接受术后辅助化疗,可采用的化疗方案包括在顺铂基础上联用长春瑞滨、依托泊苷、长春花碱、吉西他滨、多西他赛或培美曲塞;对有伴随疾病、无法耐受顺铂治疗的患者,可采用卡铂和紫杉醇联用方案化疗。我国《原发性肺癌诊疗规范(2011年)》推荐完全切除的II期-III期患者接受含铂两药方案术后辅助化疗。尽管术后辅助化疗较安慰剂为患者带来临床和生存获益,然而辅助化疗的DFS约在19-28个月之间,且具有严重的血液学毒性。临床亟需针对可手术切除患者的高效低毒的治疗方式。
表皮生长因子受体的小分子酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(EGFR-TKI)在晚期NSCLC中显示出卓越的疗效,其中代表药物为吉非替尼、厄洛替尼和埃克替尼。该类药物是否可以为II-IIIA期患者带来获益成为临床领域关注的热点,目前,已有多项随机对照临床研究进行了尝试和探索。EVAN研究是一项比较厄洛替尼和化疗(长春瑞滨/顺铂方案)用于IIIA期EGFR突变NSCLC患者术后辅助治疗的随机、对照、II期研究,共入组102例R0切除术后IIIA期伴EGFR敏感突变NSCLC患者,主要疗效指标为无病生存期(DFS),结果显示,厄洛替尼组和化疗组DFS分别为42.4个月vs 21.0个月,P<0.0001。一项随机、对照、III期 ADJUVANT研究(CTONG1104)入组222例完全切除的II-IIIA期EGFR突变的NSCLC患者,随机接受吉非替尼(连续服药2年)和化疗(4-6周期)治疗,两组DFS分别为30.8个月和19.8个月,HR=0.56,P=0.001,吉非替尼辅助治疗的疗效显著优于化疗组。同类药在II-IIIA期中的初步探索证实了吉非替尼和厄洛替尼相对标准治疗(化疗)作为术后辅助治疗在II-IIIA期NSCLC患者中的疗效,但以上两个研究均不是以申请上市为目的的注册研究,在数据稳健程度、目标人群选取方面具有一定局限性。ADJUNANT研究中,吉非替尼组的DFS仅有30.8个月,即患者结束用药后半年就会发生复发;而EVAN研究是一项二期研究,样本量少,数据相对不够稳健,且该研究仅入组IIIA期患者,以上两个药物均未获批这一适应症。
现有技术中虽然还存在其他术后辅助治疗方案,例如,EGFR突变阳性非小细胞肺癌患者接受4周期的标准辅助化疗方案(长春瑞滨+顺铂/培美曲塞+顺铂),但依然需要进一步研究更多术后辅助治疗非小细胞肺癌患者的临床治疗手段,为医务工作者和患者提供一种新的用药选择。
发明内容
鉴于此,本发明的目的在于提供一种埃克替尼或其药学上可接受的盐在制备治疗和/或辅助治疗肿瘤患者的药物中的用途,所述肿瘤优选地为非小细胞肺癌,进一步为EGFR突变阳性非小细胞肺癌,其中所述患者在施用埃克替尼或其药学上可接受的盐前已手术完全切除病灶。
作为前述用途的一具体实施方式,所述非小细胞肺癌为II-IIIA期非小细胞肺癌。
作为前述用途的一具体实施方式,所述EGFR突变为EGFR19外显子缺失或21外显子L858R突变。
作为前述用途的一具体实施方式,所述EGFR突变不是20外显子T790M突变。
作为前述用途的一具体实施方式,所述患者在施用埃克替尼或其药学上可接受的盐前未出现肿瘤复发或/和转移。
作为前述用途的一具体实施方式,所述患者在施用埃克替尼或其药学上可接受的盐前未接受过系统性抗肿瘤治疗,包括化疗、放疗或靶向治疗;进一步地,所述靶向治疗包括但不限于单克隆抗体、小分子酪氨酸激酶抑制剂等。
作为前述用途的一具体实施方式,所述药物包括埃克替尼或其药学上可接受的盐、及一种或多种药学上可接受的辅料。
作为前述用途的一具体实施方式,所述埃克替尼药学上可接受的盐是埃克替尼盐酸盐。
作为前述用途的一具体实施方式,所述埃克替尼或其药学上可接受的盐每日施用三次。在另一个实施例中,埃克替尼盐酸盐每日施用三次。
作为前述用途的一具体实施方式,所述药物单次给药剂量为125mg埃克替尼。
作为前述用途的一具体实施方式,所述药物通过口服给药。
作为前述用途的一具体实施方式,所述药物为片剂。
本发明的另一发明目的在于提供一种治疗和/或辅助治疗肿瘤患者EGFR突变阳性非小细胞肺癌的方法,该方法包括将埃克替尼或其药学上可接受的盐施用于该患者,其中所述患者在施用埃克替尼或其药学上可接受的盐前已手术完全切除病灶。
定义和说明
II-IIIA期非小细胞肺癌:依据美国癌症联合委员会[AJCC,American Joint Committee on Cancer]肺癌TNM分期第七版进行分类。
EGFR突变阳性NSCLC和诊断方法
在2004年,报道了EGFR的外显子18-21中的活化突变与NSCLC中对EGFR-TKI疗法的反应相关(Science[科学][2004],第304卷,1497-1500;New England Journal ofMedicine[新英格兰医学杂志][2004],第350卷,2129-2139)。据估计,这些突变在美国和欧洲大约10%-16%的NSCLC患者以及亚洲大约30%-50%的NSCLC患者中普遍存在。其中两个最显著的EGFR活化突变是外显子19缺失和外显子21中的错义突变。外显子19缺失占已知EGFR突变的大约45%。在外显子19中检测到导致三至七个氨基酸缺失的十一个不同突变,并且所有这些突变均以氨基酸747-749的一致缺失的密码子为中心。最显著的外显子19缺失是E746-A750。外显子21中的错义突变占已知的EGFR突变的大约39% -45%,其中取代突变L858R占外显子21中总突变的大约39%(J.Thorac.Oncol.[胸部肿瘤学杂志][2010],1551-1558)。技术人员将认识到与对EGFR-TKI疗法的改善反应相关的EGFR中的突变。
技术人员将认识到存在许多用于检测EGFR活化突变的方法。这些方法包括基于肿瘤组织的诊断方法和基于血浆的诊断方法。通常,首先使用来源于患者的肿瘤组织活检样品来评估EGFR突变状态。如果肿瘤样品不可用,或如果肿瘤样品为阴性,则可以使用血浆样品来评估EGFR突变状态。用于检测EGFR活化突变(特别是检测外显子19缺失或L858R取代突变)的合适诊断方法的具体实例是人类EGFR基因突变检测试剂盒(荧光PCR法,厦门艾德生物医药科技股份有限公司)。
完全性切除手术定义(参考国家卫生和计划生育委员会制定的《原发性肺癌诊疗规范》2015年版):完全性切除手术(R0手术)除完整切除原发病灶外,应当常规进行系统性肺门和纵隔各组淋巴结(N1和N2淋巴结)切除,并标明位置送病理学检查。最少对3个纵隔引流区(N2站)包括隆突下的淋巴结进行清扫或采样,尽量保证淋巴结整块切除。建议右胸淋巴结清除范围为:2R、3a、3p、4R、7-9组淋巴结和周围软组织,左胸淋巴结清除范围为:4L、5-9组淋巴结和周围软组织。当切除的纵隔或肺叶淋巴结的边缘淋巴结有结外侵犯时,定义为不完全性切除(R1)手术;当淋巴结已被证实转移但不能切除时,则定义为姑息性切除(R2)手术;当最高切除组淋巴结显微镜下仍有癌细胞时,或淋巴结清扫没达到上述要求时,定义为不确定性手术切除。
埃克替尼及其药物组合物
埃克替尼具有以下化学结构:
Figure PCTCN2022074493-appb-000001
已知埃克替尼的游离碱的化学名为4-[(3-乙炔基苯基)氨基]-6,7-苯并-12-冠-4-喹唑啉。
埃克替尼可以下面盐酸盐的形式存在:4-[(3-乙炔基苯基)氨基]-6,7-苯并-12-冠-4-喹唑啉盐酸盐。盐酸盐埃克替尼也被称为
Figure PCTCN2022074493-appb-000002
实施例
应理解,前面的一般性描述和以下的详细描述仅是示例性和说明性的,并不是对要求保护的任何主题的限制。下述实施例中,除非另有说明,所述的试验方法通常按照常规条件或制造厂商建议的条件实施;所述的原料、试剂均可通过市售购买的方式获得。
埃克替尼对比标准辅助化疗用于II-IIIA期伴EGFR敏感突变非小细胞肺癌术后辅助治疗的多中心、随机、开放、III期临床研究
研究方法:
本研究为一项随机、多中心、阳性药对照的III期临床研究。计划在全国47家中心入组320例表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)敏感突变阳性的II-IIIA期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的完全切除(R0)术后的受试者,以1:1的比例随机分配到埃克替尼组或标准辅助化疗组,分层因素包括疾病分期(II/IIIA期)、突变位点(19del/21L858R)、肺叶/全肺切除。实际入组322例受试者,其中埃克替尼组161例,标准辅助化疗组161例。
在受试者出现肿瘤复发转移或出现难以耐受的毒性反应前,埃克替尼组受试者接受盐酸埃克替尼125mg片剂,每日三次,每次一片,口服,连续24月。标准辅助化疗组受试者接受4周期长春瑞滨联合顺铂或培美曲塞联合顺铂的标准辅助化疗方案(长春瑞滨+顺铂/培美曲塞+顺铂),其中鳞癌受试者接受长春瑞滨联合顺铂化疗,非鳞癌受试者术后辅助化疗方案的选择,由研究者根据受试者的身体状况和耐受情况决定。
研究目的:
主要研究目的
·比较两组间无病生存期(DFS)
次要研究目的
·对比两组间3年、5年DFS率
·总生存期(OS),5年OS率
·生活质量评估(HRQoL)
·比较两组的安全性和耐受性
·预后风险模型分析
诊断及主要入组标准:
入选标准
符合全部下列标准的受试者方可入选本研究:
1、手术完全切除(按照国家卫生和计划生育委员会制定的《原发性肺癌诊疗规范》2015年版)后经病理证实为II-IIIA期非小细胞肺癌受试者;
2、存在EGFR19外显子缺失或21外显子L858R突变;
3、可以在术后3-8周进行辅助治疗的受试者;
4、年龄≥18周岁且≤70周岁;
5、体力状况ECOG评分为0-1;
6、预计生存时间至少1年;
7、器官功能水平必须符合下列要求:
1)骨髓:中性粒细胞绝对计数(ANC)≥2.0×10 9/L,血小板≥100×10 9/L,血红蛋白≥9g/dl;
2)肝脏:胆红素≤1.5倍正常值上限,天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)和丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)≤2.5倍正常值上限;
3)肾脏:血清肌酐≤1.25倍正常值上限或肌酐清除率≥60ml/min;
8、育龄女性必须在开始治疗前7天内行妊娠试验且结果为阴性,并在治疗期间及结束后的3月内采取避孕措施;育龄男性:外科手术绝育或治疗期间及结束后的3月内采取避孕措施;
9、理解并自愿签署书面知情同意书。
排除标准
符合下列任一标准的受试者,不得入选本研究:
1、在本研究随机分组前5年之内曾确诊或治疗过其他恶性肿瘤(已经切除的皮肤基底细胞癌或者其它原位癌的受试者不在此列);
2、在本研究入组前使用接受过系统性抗肿瘤治疗,包括化疗、放疗或靶向治疗(包括但不限于单克隆抗体、小分子酪氨酸激酶抑制剂等);
3、本次肺癌手术为右肺全切除受试者;
4、存在20外显子T790M突变和其它少见突变、双突变的受试者;
5、受试者各器官系统状况:
1)既往患间质性肺病、药物诱导的间质性疾病、需要激素治疗的放射性肺炎或任何具临床证据的活动性间质性肺病;
2)基线时CT扫描发现存在间质性肺病;
3)根据研究者判断,存在严重或不能控制的全身性疾病(如不稳定或不能代偿的呼吸、心脏、肝或肾脏疾病)的证据;
4)任何不稳定的系统性疾病(包括活动性感染、III级高血压、不稳定心绞痛、充血性心力衰竭、肝肾或代谢性疾病);
5)不能接受口服给药、需要静脉内高能营养、之前进行过影响吸收的手术或有活动性消化性溃疡的受试者;
6)任何明显眼部异常,特别是严重干眼综合征、干性角膜结膜炎、严重的暴露性角膜炎或其他可能增加上皮损害的疾病;
7)既往有明确的神经或精神障碍史,包括癫痫或痴呆。
6、受试者各器官病变的功能水平
1)骨髓:绝对中性粒细胞计数(ANC)<2.0×10 9/L(2,000/mm 3),血小板<100×10 9/L或血红蛋白<9g/dl;
2)肝脏:血清胆红素>正常值上限1.5倍;
3)血清肌酐>正常标准值1.25倍;
4)任何患有其他疾病、神经或代谢障碍,体格检查或实验室检查结果的证据合理怀疑有患病或存在使用相关药物的反指征或使受试者处于治疗相关并发症高风险中的可能。
7、对长春瑞滨/培美曲塞/顺铂或者埃克替尼过敏的受试者;
8、妊娠或哺乳期妇女;
9、研究人员认为受试者未必能完成本研究或未必能遵守本研究的要求(由于管理方面的原因或其它原因);
10、受试者有肿瘤病灶。
用法用量:
埃克替尼组:
埃克替尼125mg/片,一次一片,一天三次,口服,连续24月或肿瘤复发转移或出现难以耐受的毒性反应。
标准辅助化疗组:
标准辅助化疗组受试者接受4周期长春瑞滨联合顺铂或培美曲塞联合顺铂的标准辅助化疗方案。其中鳞癌受试者接受长春瑞滨联合顺铂化疗,非鳞癌受 试者术后辅助化疗方案的选择,由研究者根据受试者的身体状况和耐受情况决定。
长春瑞滨+顺铂:长春瑞滨25mg/m 2静脉给药(静脉推注或静脉滴注),第1天及第8天;顺铂75mg/m 2静脉滴注,第1天或总量分3天给予;21天为一周期,连续4个周期,或至肿瘤复发转移或出现难以耐受的毒性反应。
培美曲塞+顺铂(仅用于非鳞癌受试者):培美曲塞500mg/m 2静脉滴注,第1天;顺铂75mg/m 2静脉滴注,第1天或总量分3天给予;21天为一周期,连续4个周期,或至肿瘤复发转移或出现难以耐受的毒性反应。
如果受试者因毒性不能接受化疗,可延迟最长不超过14天给药,一旦延迟超过14天,受试者将终止治疗;但是即使受试者发生治疗延迟,肿瘤评估仍应按照原计划进行。
评价指标:
有效性指标:
1)主要疗效指标
·DFS
2)次要疗效指标
·3年、5年DFS率
·5年OS率
·OS
安全性指标:
·不良事件(AE)
·严重不良事件(SAE)
·生命体征和体检
·实验室检查
·心电图(ECG)
·生活质量评估(HRQoL)
统计方法:
对于计量资料采用均数、标准差、中位数、四分位数(Q1,Q3)、最大值、最小值等进行统计描述;分类资料或等级资料,采用频数、百分比等指标进行描述。如无特殊说明,所有假设检验的显著性水平(alpha)为双侧0.05。
期中分析
计划在终点事件数达到最终分析事件数的50%(98/196)时进行期中分析,alpha消耗函数采用O’Brien-Fleming边界的Lan-Demets alpha消耗函数。期中分析时名义alpha为0.003,最终分析时名义alpha为0.049。若期中分析时实际发生的事件数超过98例,则采用O’Brien-Fleming边界的Lan-Demets alpha消耗函数进行名义alpha的调整,以控制Ⅰ类错误。
期中分析结果:
有效性结果:
主要疗效指标:基于FAS亚组分析的结果显示:除T=1、ECOG=0分亚组外,其它各亚组中疾病分期(II/IIIA期)、突变位点(19del/21L858R)、肺叶/全肺切除、病理类型、T分期(除外T1)及淋巴结N分期、吸烟史(有/无)、年龄(≥65岁,和﹤65岁)、性别(男/女)、基线ECOG评分(除外0)的受试者中埃克替尼组显著优于标准辅助化疗组。
次要疗效指标:基于FAS,埃克替尼组和标准辅助化疗组的3年DFS率分别为63.88%(95%CI 51.82,73.67)和32.47%(95%CI 21.26,44.16)。
安全性结果:安全性分析基于SS。本研究汇总分析的AE只针对治疗期间不良事件。
在SS中,埃克替尼组和标准辅助化疗组两组AE发生率分别为89.10%vs 97.84%、ADR:76.28%vs 97.12%、3级及3级以上AE:10.90%vs 61.15%、导致暂停用药的AE:5.77%vs 9.35%、导致暂停用药的ADR:3.85%vs 9.35%、导致减少用药剂量的AE:1.92%vs 17.99%、导致减少用药剂量的ADR:1.92%vs 17.99%、导致停药的AE:0.64%vs 6.47%、导致停药的AE:0.64%vs 5.76%、、重要AE:71.15%vs 87.05%、重要ADR:46.79%vs 85.61%、SAE:10.26%vs 17.27%、SAR:1.28%vs 13.67%。
结论:
埃克替尼对比辅助化疗的EVIDENCE研究共入组322例受试者,是目前已知的样本量最多、规模最大的评估一代EGFR-TKI药物的随机对照III期注册性临床试验,从试验设计上来说,数据稳健性强。该研究结果显示,盐酸埃克替尼片用于EGFR基因敏感突变的NSCLC患者术后辅助治疗的疗效显著优于标准辅助化疗(长春瑞滨联合顺铂或培美曲塞联合顺铂),同时安全性较标准辅助 化疗更优。综上所述,埃克替尼辅助治疗可为II-IIIA期NSCLC患者提供安全优效的治疗选择。
以上结合具体实施方式和范例性实例对本发明进行了详细说明,不过这些说明并不能理解为对本发明的限制。本领域技术人员理解,在不偏离本发明精神和范围的情况下,可以对本发明技术方案及其实施方式进行多种等价替换、修饰或改进,这些均落入本发明的范围内。本发明的保护范围以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种埃克替尼或其药学上可接受的盐在制备治疗和/或辅助治疗肿瘤患者的药物中的用途,其中所述患者在施用埃克替尼或其药学上可接受的盐前已手术完全切除病灶。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,所述肿瘤为非小细胞肺癌。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的用途,其特征在于,所述非小细胞肺癌为II-IIIA期非小细胞肺癌。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的用途,其特征在于,所述非小细胞肺癌为EGFR突变阳性非小细胞肺癌。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的用途,其特征在于,所述EGFR突变为EGFR19外显子缺失突变或21外显子L858R突变。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的用途,其特征在于,所述EGFR突变不是20外显子T790M突变。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的用途,其特征在于,所述患者在施用埃克替尼或其药学上可接受的盐前未出现肿瘤复发或/和转移。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的用途,其特征在于,所述患者在施用埃克替尼或其药学上可接受的盐前未接受过系统性抗肿瘤治疗,包括化疗、放疗或靶向治疗;进一步地,所述靶向治疗包括但不限于单克隆抗体、小分子酪氨酸激酶抑制剂。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的用途,其特征在于,所述药物包括埃克替尼或其药学上可接受的盐、及一种或多种药学上可接受的辅料。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的用途,其特征在于,所述埃克替尼药学上可接受的盐是埃克替尼盐酸盐。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10任一项所述的用途,其特征在于,所述埃克替尼或其药学上可接受的盐每日施用三次;优选地,埃克替尼盐酸盐每日施用三次。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11任一项所述的用途,其特征在于,所述药物单次给药剂量为125mg埃克替尼。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12任一项所述的用途,其特征在于,所述药物通过口服给药。
  14. 根据权利要求1-13任一项所述的用途,其特征在于,所述药物为片剂。
  15. 一种治疗和/或辅助治疗肿瘤患者的方法,该方法包括将埃克替尼或其药学上可接受的盐施用于该患者,其中所述患者在施用埃克替尼或其药学上可接受的盐前已手术完全切除病灶。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法,其特征在于,所述埃克替尼药学上可接受的盐是埃克替尼盐酸盐。
  17. 根据权利要求书15或16所述的方法,其特征在于,所述肿瘤为II-IIIA期非小细胞肺癌,所述非小细胞肺癌为EGFR突变阳性非小细胞肺癌,所述EGFR突变为EGFR19外显子缺失突变或21外显子L858R突变;所述EGFR突变不是20外显子T790M突变。
  18. 根据权利要求15-17任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述患者在施用埃克替尼或其药学上可接受的盐前未出现肿瘤复发或/和转移。
  19. 根据权利要求15-18任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述患者在施用埃克替尼或其药学上可接受的盐前未接受过系统性抗肿瘤治疗,包括化疗、放疗或靶向治疗;进一步地,所述靶向治疗包括但不限于单克隆抗体、小分子酪氨酸激酶抑制剂。
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