WO2022160606A1

WO2022160606A1 - Defect detection apparatus for track slab, and detection method therefor

Info

Publication number: WO2022160606A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/104405
Authority: WO
Inventors: 薛亚东; 方晓正; 贾非; 郭春生; 袁钊
Original assignee: 同济大学
Priority date: 2021-01-27
Filing date: 2021-07-05
Publication date: 2022-08-04
Also published as: CN112924546A; CN112924546B

Abstract

A defect detection apparatus for a track slab (1), and a detection method therefor. The apparatus comprises a vibration exciter (8) for hammering a track slab (1) at a fixed distance, an acoustic wave sensor (19) for measuring an acoustic wave signal generated at a vibration excitation point, and a plurality of vibration sensors (15) for measuring a vibration signal of the track slab (1), wherein the vibration sensors (15) correspondingly surround the vibration excitation point, and the acoustic wave sensor (19) is closer to the vibration excitation point than the vibration sensors (15). By means of the method in which two kinds of sensors are combined, the contradiction in a traditional detection method of it not being possible to take both surface defect detection and internal defect detection of the track slab (1) into consideration is solved, and performing analysis by using a unified index is facilitated; moreover, the acoustic wave sensor (19) provides auxiliary detection and can detect an internal defect in the material or structure of the track slab (1), and such auxiliary detection and the detection by the vibration sensors (15) form cross validation, thereby improving the accuracy of a detection effect.

Description

A track plate defect detection device and detection method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to the field of non-destructive testing, in particular to a track plate defect detection device and a detection method thereof.

Background technique

The high-speed railway track generally adopts the ballastless track as the track bed structure. Take the common CRTSII type slab type in Figure 1 as an example. The track structure consists of track slab 1, mortar filling layer 2, concrete base 3, fastener 4, steel rail 5, pad 6, etc. composition. During the long-term operation of the track, due to the influence of factors such as temperature, vehicle load, and rainwater, the track slab structure may have defects and diseases such as voids, honeycombs, and cracks. Defects and diseases of the track plate will not only shorten the service life of the track plate, but also enhance the unevenness of the track, destroy the stability of the driving, and even affect the driving safety in severe cases. Therefore, the rapid detection of track slabs can not only shorten the maintenance and repair costs of the track, but also improve the durability and safety of the track structure.

At present, there are mainly the following solutions for track plate detection. The detection methods used in the project are mainly local detection methods, including ultrasonic detection, elastic wave detection, laser detection and other detection methods. The Chinese patent with the application number CN201720486897.2 proposes a non-contact method using ultrasonic detection. The detection device outputs a detection sound wave to the track plate, the detection sound wave forms an ultrasonic guided wave through the track plate, and the sound wave recovery and analysis device recovers the ultrasonic guided wave signal. And carry out analysis to obtain the position of the voiding disease of the track plate. However, due to the low frequency of ultrasonic guided waves, the energy decays rapidly during the propagation of the concrete structure, the measurement depth is limited, and the transducer material used in the air coupling technology in the non-contact contact has the problem of mismatching with the air acoustic impedance. , and the honeycomb defects of the track plate will affect the sensitivity and accuracy of the detection results. The Chinese patent with the application number CN201510170451.4 proposes a method for detecting using elastic waves. Before detection, a grid is divided on the top plate as a measuring point, and a vibration excitation device is used to make the track plate vibrate. and the reflection frequency of the elastic wave on the void surface and compare the relationship between the two, so as to detect whether the void phenomenon occurs in the track plate. However, the elastic wave detection method needs to re-arrange the measurement points for each detection, which is a cumbersome process and a long construction period, which affects the normal operation of the track during the construction period. The Chinese patent with the application number CN201810313646.3 proposes a contact method using laser detection. The detection device emits a laser signal to the track plate, and detects the deformation of the track plate by collecting the feedback signal. Laser inspection can only detect the surface of the track plate, and cannot deeply analyze the disease characteristics inside the track plate.

In general, the principle and method of the existing track slab voiding and defect detection devices are relatively simple, and cannot fully reflect the physical and mechanical characteristics of the track slab. And the detection method is fixed-point detection, which requires manual arrangement of many sensors in advance, the detection process is cumbersome, the labor cost is high, the requirements for the experience and quality of the operators are relatively high, the detection speed is low, and the flexibility is low. The project needs to replace the appropriate detection method. The processing and analysis steps of the detection data cannot be carried out at the detection site, with a certain lag, and the detection results cannot be exchanged in real time. Moreover, at present, the excitation load sources for vibration detection of track slabs mostly use small hammers, rebound hammers and other instruments. Such vibration exciters require manual operation, and the size and position of the excitation loads cannot be kept consistent. The excitation effect depends on The experience of practitioners, therefore, cannot meet the needs of rapid detection of track plate diseases.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The object of the present invention is to provide a track plate defect detection device and a detection method thereof, to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the track plate is hammered by a vibration exciter to generate vibration and sound waves, and then a vibration sensor is used to receive the vibration signal of the track plate. , The acoustic wave sensor is used to measure the acoustic wave signal generated by the excitation point. The combination of the two sensors can comprehensively detect the physical state of the track plate and accurately reflect the mechanical characteristics of the track plate.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following scheme: provide a track plate defect detection device, including a vibration exciter hammering the track plate with a fixed distance, an acoustic wave sensor for measuring the acoustic wave signal generated by the excitation point, and several A vibration sensor for measuring vibration signals of a track plate, each of the vibration sensors surrounds the excitation point correspondingly, and the acoustic wave sensor is closer to the excitation point than the vibration sensor.

Preferably, the vibration exciter, the acoustic wave sensor and the vibration sensor are arranged on a moving frame, the moving frame is movably arranged on the track plate, and the moving frame is provided with a sensor for detecting and A ranging mechanism that controls its displacement.

Preferably, the mobile rack is provided with a plurality of retractable brackets, the retractable brackets are in one-to-one correspondence with each of the vibration sensors, and the vibration sensors are fixed on the corresponding telescopic ends of the retractable brackets, And along with the telescopic end contact or disengage from the track plate.

Preferably, the mobile rack is provided with a data storage device for storing data detected by the acoustic wave sensor and the vibration sensor, and a mobile portable device for reading and analyzing the data in the data storage device .

Preferably, a camera mechanism for generating a track plate image is provided on the mobile rack, and the mobile portable device is electrically connected to the camera mechanism to mark defects on the track plate image.

Preferably, a plurality of fixed areas are evenly distributed on the mobile rack, all of which are provided with data transmission and power interfaces, and each fixed area is detachably connected with a device for integrating the data storage device, the distance measuring mechanism and the The integrated box of the exciter.

Preferably, the vibration exciter includes a vibration excitation body and an electromagnetic adsorption component for attracting and releasing the vibration excitation body by electromagnetic force, and the vibration excitation body is located above the track plate and hammers the track plate in a vertical direction.

Preferably, a spring for assisting the return of the vibration excitation body is connected between the electromagnetic adsorption component and the vibration excitation body.

Preferably, a non-magnetic excitation shell is provided on the outside of the excitation body for guiding the excitation body, and the inner cavity of the excitation shell is a straight cylinder that matches the shape and structure of the excitation body The vibration excitation body is slidably connected with the inner wall of the straight cylindrical structure.

Also provided is a track plate defect detection method, comprising the following steps:

S1. Move in place: The distance measuring mechanism is powered on, records the starting position of the moving frame, and sets the distance of the moving frame through the controller;

S2. Open the retractable bracket: After moving the rack forward to the point to be measured on the track plate, the retractable bracket extends downward and presses each sensor on the track plate;

S3. Generate image: turn on the camera mechanism to generate the track plate image;

S4. Select the suitable excitation parameters: according to the measurement needs, select the excitation body of the corresponding weight and position, and set the number of times the electromagnetic adsorption component absorbs and releases the excitation body;

S5, record and analyze various signals: open the data storage device and collect the vibration signals and acoustic wave signals of the track plate detected by each vibration sensor and each acoustic wave sensor respectively, open the mobile portable device to read the detection data in the data storage device, By comparing the detection data with the historical data in the mobile portable device, a preliminary judgment on whether there is a defect in the track plate and the type of the defect is obtained, and the corresponding mark is in the track plate image generated by the camera mechanism;

S6, retract the retractable bracket: the retractable bracket retracts, the vibration sensor is separated from the track plate, the mobile frame moves to the next measurement point, repeats the S2-S5 measurement process, comprehensively analyzes and completes the inspection report.

The present invention has achieved the following technical effects with respect to the prior art:

First, each vibration sensor surrounds the excitation point correspondingly. The acoustic wave sensor is closer to the excitation point than the vibration sensor. The combination of the two sensors solves the problem of the traditional detection method that cannot take into account the detection of the track plate surface and internal diseases. It is convenient to use unified indicators for analysis, and the acoustic wave sensor is used as an auxiliary detection to detect the defects existing in the track plate material or structure, and form a cross-validation with the detection of the vibration sensor to improve the accuracy of the detection effect.

Second, there are several retractable brackets on the mobile rack. The retractable brackets correspond to each vibration sensor one by one. The vibration sensor is fixed on the telescopic end of the corresponding retractable bracket, and contacts or leaves the track plate with the retractable end. When in use, the retractable bracket is pressed against the track plate. When moving, the retractable bracket is retracted to facilitate the movement of the entire device, so there is no need to manually install and disassemble the sensor during detection, shortening the time required for detection and reducing Impact on rail operations.

Third, there are several fixed areas on the mobile rack, all of which are equipped with data transmission and power interfaces. Each fixed area is detachably connected with an integrated box for integrating data storage equipment, distance measuring mechanisms and vibration exciters. On the one hand, the integrated box is used to accommodate various equipment and instruments required by the detection device, which reduces the materials required for the device, saves costs, enhances the sealing and adaptability of the instrument, reduces the influence of possible bad weather, and can be flexibly satisfied. According to the needs of the field situation, the detection accuracy of the device is guaranteed. On the other hand, according to the detection situation, it is convenient to disassemble and adjust the position of each integrated box, and then adjust the position and quantity of the exciter to enhance the detection effect.

Fourth, the vibration exciter hammers the track plate at a fixed distance, and is fixed on the mobile frame, and the electromagnetic force is provided by the electromagnetic adsorption component to absorb and release the excitation body, thereby forming an automatic excitation of the track plate, and it can be repeated in The same excitation load is generated on the surface of the track plate, which eliminates the load variability caused by artificial excitation and improves the detection accuracy and reliability of the device.

Fifth, a spring for assisting the return of the exciting body is connected between the electromagnetic adsorption component and the exciting body. When the exciting body hammers the track plate, the spring pushes and pulls the exciting body to recover upward, which is convenient for the electromagnetic adsorption component to excite the vibration. body for re-adsorption.

Sixth, the outer side of the excitation body is provided with an excitation shell for guiding the excitation body. The inner cavity of the excitation shell is a straight cylindrical structure that matches the outer shape of the excitation body. The inner wall of the excitation body and the straight cylindrical structure There is a sliding connection between them, so as to ensure that the position of the vibration excitation body on the track plate is consistent every time it is hammered, so as to ensure that the same excitation load is generated on the surface of the track plate.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some of the present invention. In the embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative labor.

Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the CRTSII track;

2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the detection device of the present invention;

3 is a top view of the detection device of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the bottom view of the detection device of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the vibration exciter of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the internal structure schematic diagram of the vibration exciter of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the working flow chart of the present invention;

Among them, 1-track plate, 2-mortar filling layer, 3-concrete base, 4-fastener, 5-rail, 6-pad, 7-integrated box, 8-vibrator, 9-encoder, 10- Transmitting and receiving equipment, 11-ranging mechanism, 12-camera mechanism, 13-data storage equipment, 14-power supply equipment, 15-vibration sensor, 16-mobile rack, 17-mobile portable equipment, 18-control equipment, 19-sound wave sensor, 20-sound wave signal acquisition instrument, 21-exciting shell, 22-electromagnetic adsorption component, 23-spring, 24-exciting body, 25-retractable bracket.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Referring to FIGS. 2-7 , this embodiment provides a track plate defect detection device, including a vibration exciter 8 for hammering the track plate at a fixed distance, and an acoustic wave sensor 19 for measuring the acoustic wave signal generated by the excitation point. and a number of vibration sensors 15 for measuring the vibration signal of the track plate, the preferred vibration exciter 8 adopts the way of physical excitation, and each vibration sensor 15 is correspondingly surrounded by the excitation point, so as to be able to detect the vibration of the exciter 8 After hitting the position to be measured on the track plate, the comprehensive situation of the vibration around it ensures the accuracy of the vibration detection of the track plate. It is preferable to change the different layout schemes of the vibration exciter 8 and the vibration sensor 15 according to the needs of the actual project. And then determine different excitation schemes, preferably set up for fixing the vibration exciter 8 and the vibration sensor 15 and the frame of the field-shaped lattice structure, the vibration exciter 8 is fixed in the space of the field-shaped lattice structure, and the vibration sensor 15 It is arranged at the intersection and vertex of the field-shaped lattice structure, and then according to the needs of the actual project, the vibration exciter 8 in different spaces is selected to excite the track plate, and the corresponding vibration sensor 15 is controlled to detect it to ensure that the track plate is vibrated. Effectiveness of plate vibration detection.

As shown in Figure 3-4, by setting the acoustic wave sensor 19 to combine with the vibration sensor 15, the physical state of the track plate can be detected comprehensively, the mechanical characteristics of the track plate can be accurately reflected, and the existing problems of traditional detection methods can be solved. It is impossible to take into account the contradiction between the surface and internal disease detection of the track slab, and it is convenient to use unified indicators for analysis. As an auxiliary detection, the acoustic wave sensor 19 can detect the defects existing in the material or structure of the track plate, and form a cross-validation with the detection of the vibration sensor 15 to improve the accuracy of the detection effect. Preferably, the acoustic wave sensor 19 is closer to the excitation point than the vibration sensor 15, and the acoustic wave sensor 19 is closer to the sounding point, so that the sound wave can be effectively avoided from being interfered by other devices, so that a more accurate acoustic wave signal can be obtained. Avoid being affected by vibration between the vibration sensor 15 and the track plate. When there are multiple exciters 8 , it is preferable to use an acoustic wave signal collector 20 capable of simultaneously collecting acoustic wave signals generated by each excitation point, so as to synthesize the acoustic wave signals of the points to be measured on the track board.

As shown in Figures 3-4, the vibration exciter 8, the acoustic wave sensor 19 and the vibration sensor 15 are arranged on the mobile frame 16. The mobile frame 16 is mainly composed of a steel frame, preferably using light materials, etc., and according to national regulations The width is made to match the width of the track plate, the main structure of the mobile frame 16 is erected above the track plate, and the vibration exciter 8, the acoustic wave sensor 19 and the vibration sensor 15 are fixed on the bottom of the mobile frame 16, and then aligned with the bottom track board. In order to facilitate the detection of different positions of the track plate, the mobile frame 16 can be movably arranged on the track plate. Preferably, the bottom of the mobile frame 16 is provided with several rollers and a drive mechanism connected with the rollers. The rollers are made of rubber wheels or fibers. According to the different positions of the points to be measured on the track board, the mobile frame 16 drives the exciter 8 to move to the corresponding position in real time, which ensures the flexibility of the entire detection device, and the mobile frame 16 is provided with a device for detection and control. The distance measuring mechanism 11 of its displacement, the preferred distance measuring mechanism 11 can use the encoder 9 and the corresponding controller, when the detection device is working, it can record the moving distance of the detection device, and can control the detection device to advance each time according to actual needs. displacement to ensure accurate control of the displacement.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the movable frame 16 is provided with a number of retractable brackets, and the retractable brackets correspond to the vibration sensors 15 one-to-one respectively. When contacting or disengaging the track plate, when in use, it is pressed against the track plate by the retractable bracket. When moving, the retractable bracket is retracted to facilitate the movement of the entire device, so there is no need to manually install and disassemble the sensor during detection, shortening the detection time. The required time can reduce the impact on the operation of the track. Preferably, in order to ensure the stability of the retractable support, a retractable sleeve that can be extended and retracted synchronously is provided on the outer side of the retractable support. In order to ensure that the acoustic wave sensor 19 can be close to the excitation point, preferably the acoustic wave sensor 19 is also connected with a telescopic bracket for fixing it. When in use, the telescopic bracket drives the acoustic wave sensor 19 to extend and approach the excitation point.

As shown in FIGS. 2-4 , the mobile rack 16 is provided with a data storage device 13 for storing the data detected by the acoustic wave sensor 19 and the vibration sensor 15 , and a mobile type storage device 13 for reading and analyzing the data in the data storage device 13 . The portable device 17, preferably a notebook computer or other portable mobile device, can understand and control the working status of each part of the detection device through a specific receiver and software, and record the data of the moving mechanism. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mobile frame 16 is provided with a camera mechanism 12 for generating a track plate image, such as a driving recorder, etc., and the mobile portable device 17 is electrically connected to the camera mechanism 12 and marks the image on the track plate image. defect. Preferably, the mobile rack 16 is also provided with a control device 18, a transmitting and receiving device 10, a power supply device 14 and a data storage device 13. The transmitting and receiving device 10 adopts a remote transmitter and receiver, which is responsible for the communication between the receiving and transmitting devices. For the signals required for remote communication, the power supply device 14 adopts a detachable lithium battery or other battery as the power supply required for the operation of each device inside the track board rapid detection device, and the data storage device 13 is responsible for storing the data detected by each sensor. SD card, etc.

As shown in Figures 2-4, the mobile rack 16 is evenly distributed with several fixed areas with data transmission and power interfaces. Preferably, the mobile rack 16 is in a regular mesh structure. The grids are evenly distributed, and each grid constitutes the above-mentioned fixed area. Each fixed area is detachably connected with an integrated box 7 for integrating the data storage device 13, the distance measuring mechanism 11 and the vibration exciter 8. The size of the integrated box 7 It matches the size of the grid, and has the corresponding interfaces for data transmission and power supply on the grid, which can be arbitrarily arranged in any grid. In the actual detection process, the integrated box 7 can determine the position and quantity of the steel frame according to the engineering needs, so that different degrees of vibration excitation and measurement can be performed on different positions of the track plate, that is, the vibration exciter 8 It is made into an integrated box 7 structure and can be detachably connected to each fixed area. On the one hand, various equipment and instruments required by the detection device are accommodated in the form of an integrated box 7, which reduces the materials required for the device, saves costs, enhances the sealing and adaptability of the instrument, and reduces the influence of possible bad weather. It can flexibly meet the needs of the on-site situation and ensure the detection accuracy of the device. On the other hand, according to the detection situation, it is convenient to disassemble and adjust the position of each integrated box 7, and then adjust the position and quantity of the exciter 8 to enhance the detection effect. Preferably, in the present invention, in addition to the necessary equipment such as pulleys, computers, wires, etc., other instruments and equipment can be arranged in the form of an integrated box 7, so as to form a modular process during the detection process, and there is no need to perform tedious layout and detection steps. The personnel only need simple training to operate, which reduces the requirements for practitioners and is conducive to the promotion of the device.

As shown in FIGS. 5-6 , as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the vibration exciter 8 includes a vibration excitation body 24 and an electromagnetic adsorption component 22 that absorbs and releases the vibration excitation body 24 by electromagnetic force, and the vibration excitation body 24 is located on the track plate above and hammer the track plate vertically. The preferred excitation body 24 can be spherical or cone-shaped, and the excitation body 24 is made of magnetic or iron materials that can be adsorbed by electromagnetic force. The excitation body 24 is located above the track plate and vertically Hammer the track plate in the direction to apply an exciting load to the surface of the track plate. Preferably, the structure density of the exciting body 24 is relatively high, so as to be able to use its own gravity to provide a sufficient load to the track plate. The distance above the vibrating body 24 and the track plate is always the same. The preferred electromagnetic adsorption assembly 22 adopts a DC suction cup assembly, because only the vibration excitation body 24 is used to hammer the track plate, and the electromagnetic adsorption assembly 22 is connected to the track. The distance between the plates is constant, so that each time the excitation body 24 hits the track plate, its kinetic energy remains constant, and the same excitation load can be repeatedly generated on the surface of the track plate, excluding the load caused by artificial excitation. variability, and improve the accuracy and reliability of the device's detection.

As shown in Figures 5-6, in order to form the automatic excitation of the track plate, a connector is connected between the electromagnetic adsorption component 22 and the excitation body 24. The preferred connector is a flexible connector such as a rope pendulum and a spring 23. In order to ensure a pulling effect on the excitation body 24, to prevent the excitation body 24 from detaching from the control of the electromagnetic adsorption assembly 22 after hammering the track plate, and then to form an automatic excitation of the track plate, the use of the excitation body 24 to complete the track plate. After the excitation, the excitation body 24 can still be adsorbed on the electromagnetic adsorption component 22 in time. Further, without manual operation, the frequency, position and excitation load of each excitation can be controlled in advance as required. , so that the same excitation load is repeatedly generated on the surface of the track slab, and the automatic vibration excitation of the track slab is realized. Preferably, by controlling the switching frequency of the electromagnetic adsorption component 22, that is, the frequency at which the electromagnetic force is generated-disappeared, to control the frequency at which the excitation body 24 hammers on the track plate, preferably by replacing the excitation body 24, such as replacing Materials with different densities, etc., can control the magnitude of the excitation load.

As shown in FIGS. 5-6 , in order to facilitate the adsorption of the excitation body 24 , a spring 23 for assisting the return of the excitation body 24 is preferably connected between the electromagnetic adsorption component 22 and the excitation body 24 . After hitting the track plate, the spring 23 pushes the exciter body 24 to recover upward, so that the exciter body 24 is close to the electromagnetic adsorption component 22, so that the electromagnetic adsorption component 22 can adsorb the exciter body 24 again. When the track plate is in contact, the spring 23 is in a stretched state, so that the spring 23 retracts to pull the excitation body 24 toward the direction of the electromagnetic adsorption assembly 22 .

As shown in FIG. 5-6 , the outside of the excitation body 24 is provided with an excitation shell 211 which is used to guide the excitation body 24 and is not magnetically conductive. The straight cylindrical structure, the vibration excitation body 24 is slidably connected with the inner wall of the straight cylindrical structure, so as to ensure that the position of the vibration excitation body 24 on the track plate remains the same every time it is hammered, so as to ensure that the same excitation is generated on the surface of the track plate. Vibration load. The preferred electromagnetic adsorption assembly 22 is fixed on the top of the inner cavity of the excitation shell 211, and an integrated box 7 for protecting the internal equipment of the exciter 8 is provided above the electromagnetic adsorption assembly 22, and the electromagnetic adsorption assembly 22 is fixed in the integrated box 7, so that when the exciting body 24 is in contact with the electromagnetic adsorption component 22, a blocking effect is formed on the exciting body 24, so as to prevent the kinetic energy of the excited vibration body 24 from impacting the electromagnetic adsorption component 22 and other equipment. Preferably, the bottom of the excitation housing 211 is provided with an opening for the excitation body 24 to enter and exit, the opening corresponds to the bearing surface of the track plate, and the distance between the opening and the bearing surface is always consistent.

S1. Move in place: the distance measuring mechanism 11 is powered on to work, and the starting position of the moving frame 16 is recorded. Preferably, the encoder 9 is powered on to record the starting position of the entire detection device, and then the moving frame is set by the controller. 16. The distance of the forward travel, and then forward through the driving mechanism to the position where the track plate needs to be detected;

S2. Open the retractable bracket: after the moving frame 16 moves forward to the point to be measured on the track plate, the retractable bracket extends downward to press each sensor on the track plate; the preferred retractable bracket adopts an oil cylinder or an air cylinder, etc. Electronic control device, which can be extended by power-on control;

S3, generate an image: turn on the camera mechanism 12 to generate a track plate image;

S4. Select the appropriate excitation parameters: according to the measurement needs, select the excitation body 2424 of the corresponding weight and position, and set the number of times the electromagnetic adsorption component 22 sucks and releases the excitation body 24;

S5, record and analyze various signals: open the data storage device 13 and collect the vibration signals and the sound wave signal of the track plate detected by each vibration sensor 15 and each acoustic wave sensor 19 respectively, open the mobile portable device 17 to read the data storage device 13 By comparing the detection data with the historical data in the mobile portable device 17, a preliminary judgment on whether the track board is defective and the type of the defect is obtained, and the corresponding mark is in the track board image generated by the camera mechanism 12. Preferably, in the process of the vibration exciter 8 hammering the track plate, the vibration data and the sound wave signal data of the track plate are measured, and stored in the data storage device 13, and the portable device reads the recorded data and analyzes the vibration when moving. Signals and sonic signals;

S6, retracting the retractable bracket 25: the retractable bracket 25 retracts, the vibration sensor 15 is separated from the track plate, the mobile frame 16 moves to the next measurement point, repeats the measurement process S2-S5, comprehensively analyzes and completes the detection report.

The entire detection device is modularized for the detection process in the form of an integrated box 7, which does not require tedious arrangement and detection steps, and the detection personnel only need simple training to operate, which reduces the requirements for practitioners and is conducive to the promotion of the device; The device can process the detection data in real time, provide the health status conclusion of the track plate in real time, and generate a detection report, which improves the overall detection efficiency. In addition, the method of physical excitation can comprehensively detect the physical state of the track plate, and accurately reflect the mechanical characteristics of the track plate. The combination of the vibration sensor 15 and the acoustic wave sensor 19 solves the problem of the traditional detection method that cannot take into account the track plate. Contradictions of surface and internal disease detection, and easy to use unified indicators for analysis, can initially accurately and quickly detect track plates. Acoustic emission detection technology, as an auxiliary detection technology, can detect defects existing in track plate materials or structures, and form cross-validation with vibration detection to improve the accuracy of detection results.

It should be noted that it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-mentioned exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. . Therefore, the embodiments are to be regarded in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the invention is to be defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, which are therefore intended to fall within the scope of the claims. All changes within the meaning and scope of the equivalents of , are included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims shall not be construed as limiting the involved claim.

In the present invention, specific examples are used to illustrate the principles and implementations of the present invention, and the descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present invention; There will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application scope of the idea of the invention. In conclusion, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims

A track plate defect detection device is characterized in that it includes a vibration exciter for hammering the track plate at a fixed distance, an acoustic wave sensor for measuring the sound wave signal generated by the excitation point, and a plurality of vibration signals for measuring the vibration signal of the track plate. Each of the vibration sensors surrounds the excitation point correspondingly, and the acoustic wave sensor is closer to the excitation point than the vibration sensor.
The track plate defect detection device according to claim 1, wherein the vibration exciter, the acoustic wave sensor and the vibration sensor are arranged on a moving frame, and the moving frame is movably arranged on the track plate On the mobile frame, there is a distance measuring mechanism for detecting and controlling its displacement.
The track plate defect detection device according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of retractable brackets are provided on the mobile frame, and the retractable brackets correspond to each of the vibration sensors one-to-one, and the vibration The sensor is fixed on the corresponding telescopic end of the telescopic bracket, and contacts with or disengages from the track plate along with the telescopic end.
The track plate defect detection device according to claim 3, wherein a data storage device for storing data detected by the acoustic wave sensor and the vibration sensor, and a data storage device for reading and a mobile portable device for analyzing data in the data storage device.
The track plate defect detection device according to claim 4, wherein a camera mechanism for generating a track plate image is provided on the mobile frame, and the mobile portable device is electrically connected to the camera mechanism and marks the track Defects on the plate image.
The track plate defect detection device according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of fixed areas are uniformly distributed on the mobile frame, each of which is provided with data transmission and power interfaces, and the detachable connection on each fixed area is useful. An integrated box for integrating the data storage device, the ranging mechanism and the vibration exciter.
The track plate defect detection device according to claim 1 or 6, wherein the vibration exciter comprises an exciter body and an electromagnetic adsorption component for attracting and releasing the exciter body by electromagnetic force, and the vibration exciter The body is located above the track plate and hammers the track plate in a vertical direction.
The track plate defect detection device according to claim 4, wherein a spring for assisting the return of the vibration excitation body is connected between the electromagnetic adsorption component and the vibration excitation body.
The track plate defect detection device according to claim 4, wherein a non-magnetic excitation shell is provided on the outside of the excitation body for guiding the excitation body, and the inner part of the excitation shell is provided with a non-magnetic excitation shell. The cavity is in the form of a straight cylindrical structure matched with the outer shape of the exciter body, and the exciter body is slidably connected with the inner wall of the straight cylindrical structure.
A method for detecting defects of a track plate, comprising the following steps:

S1. Move in place: The distance measuring mechanism is powered on, records the starting position of the moving frame, and sets the distance of the moving frame through the controller;

S2. Open the retractable bracket: After moving the rack forward to the point to be measured on the track plate, the retractable bracket extends downward and presses each sensor on the track plate;

S3. Generate image: turn on the camera mechanism to generate the track plate image;

S4. Select the suitable excitation parameters: according to the measurement needs, select the excitation body of the corresponding weight and position, and set the number of times the electromagnetic adsorption component absorbs and releases the excitation body;

S5. Record and analyze various signals: turn on the data storage device and collect the vibration signals and sound wave signals of the track plate detected by each vibration sensor and each sound wave sensor respectively, turn on the mobile portable device to read the detection data in the data storage device, By comparing the detection data with the historical data in the mobile portable device, a preliminary judgment on whether there is a defect in the track plate and the type of the defect is obtained, and the corresponding mark is in the track plate image generated by the camera mechanism;

S6, retract the retractable bracket: the retractable bracket retracts, the vibration sensor is separated from the track plate, the mobile frame moves to the next measurement point, repeats the S2-S5 measurement process, comprehensively analyzes and completes the inspection report.