CN1884990A - Vibrating detection method for detecting looseness of large-scale generator rotor slot wedge and apparatus therefor - Google Patents
Vibrating detection method for detecting looseness of large-scale generator rotor slot wedge and apparatus therefor Download PDFInfo
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- CN1884990A CN1884990A CN 200610061456 CN200610061456A CN1884990A CN 1884990 A CN1884990 A CN 1884990A CN 200610061456 CN200610061456 CN 200610061456 CN 200610061456 A CN200610061456 A CN 200610061456A CN 1884990 A CN1884990 A CN 1884990A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for detecting the loose and vibration of stator groove wedge of large generator, which comprises: a, using controllable activator to generate exciting force to hit the tested groove wedge, to vibrate the groove wedge; b, using sonic sensor and displacement sensor to transform the sonic wave radiated by groove wedge and the vibration displacement into sonic electric signal and displacement signal; c, digitalizing the tested sonic electric signal and the displacement electric signal; d, the data processing module based on the fixing type of tested groove wedge extracts out the characteristic amount of sonic wave signal and displacement signal, to be compared with preset threshold valve, to obtain the state of tested groove wedge. The invention can support variable groove wedge fixing structure, to detect the loose of large generator quickly; and it uses software to control activated vibration, to set the activated wave shape of each grove wedge. And it can real-time detect the state of groove wedge and analyze the history data. The invention has high automatic degree, with friend interface.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to big electrical machine insulation fault diagnosis field, particularly a kind of slot wedge loosening detection method and device based on vibration characteristics.
Background technology
Along with developing rapidly of China's electric utility; generator trends towards high capacity, high voltage gradually; high-rating generator is the important component part of electric system; in a single day this main equipment breaks down; crisis generator itself not only; and the sudden meeting of accident has a power failure whole electric system, causes enormous economic loss, guarantees that therefore the safety of each link of high-rating generator, stable operation are most important.Large generator stator bar is in long-term operational process, because the effect of transverse magnetic field makes slot bar produce radial electromagnetic force in the electric current of stator bar and the groove.Stator winding end is subjected to 100Hz frequency vibration acting force for a long time, simultaneously because slight the expanding with heat and contract with cold of vibration, major insulation material unshakable in one's determination can cause slot wedge seriously loosening, part comes off, slot wedge loosening comes off and aggravates the vibration of line rod simultaneously, and scratch rotor insulation and stator insulation, cause stator bar major insulation to puncture, even cause the motor interruption of service, have a strong impact on the safe operation of generator.Therefore, the detection of slot wedge loosening has important value to the safe operation that guarantees high-rating generator.
The traditional detection method of slot wedge loosening is with manually knocking slot wedge, and therefore the vibration of arriving with the sound heard and doigte lacks objective and accurate property, and can't keep historical data as basis for estimation.Along with the development of computing machine and Digital Signal Processing, people begin to attempt to knock and handle replacement people ear with Computer Analysis and listen sound to judge slot wedge loosening so that mechanical exciting replacement is manual.Chinese patent 90103021.X has introduced the generator unit stator slot wedge has been carried out long-range methods of impact testing and device, point out that the slot wedge displacement data is relevant with the power that applies, power one displacement curve of slot wedge generation under the known load is compared with the calibration curve group that the calibration experiment platform provides obtains the aeration level of slot wedge.But because slot wedge is in aeration level hour, the size of its displacement and change all very for a short time, this method can only detect loosening slot wedge loosening degree when big, and very big limitation is arranged.Xi'an Communications University and Chinese patent 02139480.6 have been introduced a kind of slot wedge loosening Sound Surveillance System, utilize the variation of sound characteristics before and after the slot wedge loosening to judge the aeration level of slot wedge, though realized the instrument monitoring of slot wedge loosening, but because it only relies on sound characteristics to judge aeration level to different slot wedge loosening structures, and its model theory analysis also remains to improve to such an extent that more gear to actual circumstances, particularly to utilizing the fixing slot wedge loosening process analysis procedure analysis imperfection of filler strip, so can not be accurately and the slot wedge loosening of fully monitoring different stator insulation structures.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of high-rating generator stator slot wedge method for detecting vibration and device, it can be accurately and the slot wedge loosening of fully monitoring different stator insulation structures.
High-rating generator stator slot wedge method for detecting vibration of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
A, produce exciting force with controlled vibrator and beat tested slot wedge, make tested slot wedge produce vibration;
B, be sound wave electric signal and displacement electric signal with sonic transducer, displacement transducer with the sound wave of tested slot wedge vibration institute radiation and the displacement conversion of vibration respectively;
C, with the sound wave electric signal and the digitizing of displacement electric signal that record;
Data processing module in d, the computing machine extracts characteristic quantity according to the fixed type of tested slot wedge acoustic signals after described digitizing and the displacement signal, compares with the threshold values of being scheduled to, and judges the loosening state of tested slot wedge.
Utilize the fixing slot wedge structure of filler strip and utilize the fixing slot wedge structure of corrugated plate, the process difference of its slot wedge loosening.For utilizing the fixing slot wedge structure of filler strip, its loosening process comprises two Main Stage: the phase one is that slot wedge becomes flexible the space from the fastening appearance part that begins, and localized voids becomes big then; Subordinate phase is that localized voids has run through whole slot wedge plate and becomes to the space greatly to slot wedge and come off.
The present invention is directed to the slot wedge structure of two kinds of different fixing forms, extract different characteristic quantities and monitor the loosening of slot wedge.When tested slot wedge fixedly the time, extracts the local vibration frequency f for the filler strip formula the acoustic signals of data processing module after digitizing
pWith the amplitude A of local vibration, extract peak swing D the displacement signal after digitizing, for the loosening phase one, by the local vibration frequency f
pJudge the area of localized voids, judge the thickness of localized voids by amplitude A; For loosening subordinate phase, because whole slot wedge is run through in the space, slot wedge separates with the line rod, and do not existed local vibration this moment, then judges the aeration level of slot wedge by peak swing D.When tested slot wedge is a corrugated plate fixedly the time, extract vibration frequency f the acoustic signals of data processing module after digitizing, extract peak swing D the displacement signal after digitizing, along with the slot wedge loosening degree becomes big, vibration frequency f diminishes, and it is big that peak swing D becomes; In aeration level hour, the less variation of amplitude is not obvious, mainly judges by the variation of vibration frequency f, and when aeration level was big, the vibration frequency variation is less mainly to be judged by the variation of peak swing D.
The present invention also provides a kind of high-rating generator stator slot wedge vibration detection device, and it comprises:
Controlled vibrator is used to beat tested slot wedge, makes tested slot wedge vibration;
Sonic transducer and displacement transducer, being used for the sound wave of tested slot wedge vibration institute radiation and the displacement conversion of vibration is sound wave electric signal and displacement electric signal;
The computing machine that has the exclusive data processing module, it is connected with described controlled vibrator, controls controlled vibrator to specify output mode, frequency and amplitude work, produces exciting force and beats tested slot wedge; This computing machine also is connected with displacement transducer with described sonic transducer by data collecting card, gather described two sensors output sound wave electric signal and displacement electric signal, be converted to digital signal, extract characteristic quantity acoustic signals after digitizing and the displacement signal then, with predetermined threshold values relatively, draw the loosening state of tested slot wedge and export by display.
Exclusive data processing module involving vibrations signals collecting, processing, analysis and the display module of computing machine, vibrator control module, Wave data storage and importing module, parameter storage and importing module.
Slot wedge loosening vibration detection device of the present invention is to form deeply systematically studying to research and develop on the slot wedge loosening process vibration characteristics basis, can realize detection fast and accurately to the high-rating generator slot wedge loosening, compare with device with existing various slot wedge loosening determination methods, have the following advantages:
(1) can be applicable to different slot wedge fixed sturctures.
(2) replace traditional hand to strike mode with objective electronic type analysis.
(3) software control exciting can be set the waveform of every slot wedge exciting.
(4) fast data collection, analysis, demonstration and storage, and can carry out the historical data importing and analyze.
(5) show that from the exciting to result whole process finishes system automation degree height automatically.Friendly, easy-operating software interface, system is portable high.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the system construction drawing of high-rating generator slot wedge loosening pick-up unit of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is its sensor scheme of installation;
Fig. 3 is a Control Software process flow diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is software acoustic characteristic display interface figure of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is software placement property display interface figure of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is that software parameter of the present invention is set and the control surface chart.
Embodiment
By systematically studying the slot wedge loosening characteristic of different fixing structure, set up the slot wedge vibration physical model based on Theory of Elastic Thin Plate, and analyzed the vibration characteristics in each stage of slot wedge loosening evolution, proposition is comprehensively judged slot wedge loosening by obtaining sound and displacement signal, and developed the present invention on this basis voluntarily and overlapped the loosening vibration detection device of slot wedge, improved validity and completeness well to generator unit stator slot wedge loosening vibration detection.Be described further below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, this high-rating generator stator slot wedge vibration detection device comprises:
Controlled vibrator 40 is used to beat tested slot wedge 50, makes tested slot wedge 50 vibrations;
Sonic transducer and displacement transducer 10 are used for that tested slot wedge 50 is vibrated the sound wave of institutes' radiation and the displacement conversion of vibration is sound wave electric signal and displacement electric signal;
The computing machine 30 that has the exclusive data processing module, it is connected with described controlled vibrator 40, controls controlled vibrator 40 to specify output mode, frequency and amplitude work, produces exciting force and beats tested slot wedge 50; This computing machine 30 also is connected with displacement transducer 10 with described sonic transducer by data collecting card, gather 10 outputs of described two sensors sound wave electric signal and displacement electric signal, be converted to digital signal, extract characteristic quantity acoustic signals after digitizing and the displacement signal then, with predetermined threshold values relatively, draw the loosening state of tested slot wedge 50 and export by display.
Also comprise a signal conditioner 20, it is connected between the data collecting card and described two sensors 10 of computing machine 30, to the signal of two sensors output isolate, amplification, filtering and linearization process.The power supply of two sensors is provided simultaneously.
With reference to Fig. 2, controlled vibrator 40 comprises exciting box 5, exciting rod 1 and is used to drive the power amplifier of exciting rod 1, exciting rod 1 is installed in the exciting box 5 and can moves up and down, establish bell housing around the exciting rod 1 with the electromagnetic interference (EMI) of shielding vibrator to sensor, exciting box 5 infraorals are symmetrical arranged pair of magnet 4, are used for exciting box 5 is adsorbed on the generator stator core to weaken the vibration of exciting box 5.Described displacement transducer and sonic transducer are installed in the exciting box 5, among Fig. 2, and the 2nd, displacement transducer, the 3rd, sonic transducer adds the cotton of eliminating the noise to weaken influence of environmental noise in the steel bushing of sonic transducer 3; Displacement transducer 2 can be regulated the height with the slot wedge surface, makes it reach best signal accepting state.Exciting box 5 adopts stainless steel material to make.
Exclusive data processing module involving vibrations signals collecting, processing, analysis and the display module of computing machine 30, data collecting card, digital filter and slot wedge parameter are provided with module, the vibrator control module, Wave data storage and importing module, parameter storage and importing module.Adopt the establishment of the NI LabVIEW of company development environment in the present embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a Control Software process flow diagram of the present invention.Can the state of tested slot wedge be detected in real time, also can import and analyze the historical data of tested slot wedge.With reference to Fig. 3, after initialization,, select to carry out real-time data acquisition or be written into historical data by selecting the data obtain manner, respectively voice signal and displacement signal are analyzed then, show the state of tested slot wedge at last.Wherein, phonetic analysis adopts fast fourier transform (FFT) to obtain extracting the local vibration frequency f the acoustic signals of method after digitizing of acoustic signals frequency domain figure
p, vibration frequency f and local vibration amplitude A; Displacement Analysis adopts to ask for extracts peak swing D the displacement signal of peak-peak method after digitizing.
This slot wedge loosening vibration detection device has close friend, easy-operating software interface.With reference to Fig. 4,5, the state of the tested slot wedge by display output comprises: fastening, warning and loosening shows with green, yellow and red three kinds of color lumps respectively; Also export the time domain waveform figure and the frequency-domain waveform figure of described acoustic signals, and the time domain waveform figure of described displacement signal.Can also set with warning cut off value, warning and loosening cut off value fastening.Parameter is provided with and controls the interface as shown in Figure 6, the parameter setting comprises the data collecting card input and is provided with, vibrator control setting (comprising output mode, type of waveform, frequency, amplitude and periodicity), bandpass digital filter is provided with, and other parameters are provided with (comprise slot wedge fixed type, groove and slot wedge number, operating personnel's title) and parameter storage and import; The control interface comprises software initialization, actual measurement, data storage, data importing analysis and store path setting.
In the vibrator control module, after setting waveform output and finishing, add the constant negative value current wave of a period of time, exciting rod 1 is in contraction state after vibrating under setting waveform like this, can be because of inertia collision slot wedge and influence obtaining of signal repeatedly.
Controlled vibrator 40 is an electromagnetic actuator, its output mode, frequency and adjustable amplitude value.The running parameter of layout setting vibrator can be set by parameter shown in Figure 6, comprise output mode (output/limit cycle output continuously), type of waveform (pulsating wave/triangular wave/square wave/sine wave), frequency and amplitude size, thereby control controlled vibrator 40 to specify output mode, frequency and amplitude work, produce 1 vibration of exciting force promotion exciting rod and beat tested slot wedge 50.
After setting parameter, whole process operation personnel only need click " actual measurement " button and just can finish.Computing machine 30 is receiving that instruction back control vibrator 40 impacts tested slot wedge 50, while sensor 10 acquired signal, carry out data processing through entering computing machine 30 after the signal conditioner 20 preliminary conditionings, obtain characteristic parameter and and loosening cut off value make comparisons, obtain the loosening state of tested slot wedge 50 and show with different colors.Operating personnel can also select to import waveform and come historical data is carried out analyzing and processing.
This slot wedge loosening vibration detection device is portable high, and computing machine 30 wherein can adopt laptop computer.
Claims (10)
1, high-rating generator stator slot wedge method for detecting vibration is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
A, produce exciting force with controlled vibrator and beat tested slot wedge, make tested slot wedge produce vibration;
B, be sound wave electric signal and displacement electric signal with sonic transducer, displacement transducer with the sound wave of tested slot wedge vibration institute radiation and the displacement conversion of vibration respectively;
C, with the sound wave electric signal and the digitizing of displacement electric signal that record;
Data processing module in d, the computing machine extracts characteristic quantity according to the fixed type of tested slot wedge acoustic signals after described digitizing and the displacement signal, compares with the threshold values of being scheduled to, and judges the loosening state of tested slot wedge.
2, high-rating generator stator slot wedge method for detecting vibration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the steps d, when tested slot wedge fixedly the time, extracts the local vibration frequency f for the filler strip formula the acoustic signals of data processing module after digitizing
pWith local vibration amplitude A, extract peak swing D the displacement signal after digitizing; When tested slot wedge is a corrugated plate fixedly the time, extract vibration frequency f the acoustic signals of data processing module after digitizing, extract peak swing D the displacement signal after digitizing.
3, high-rating generator stator slot wedge method for detecting vibration according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the steps d, the state of the tested slot wedge of output comprises: fastening, warning and loosening.
4, high-rating generator stator slot wedge method for detecting vibration according to claim 3 is characterized in that: in the steps d, also export the time-domain diagram and the frequency domain figure of described sound wave electric signal, and the oscillogram of described displacement electric signal.
5, high-rating generator stator slot wedge method for detecting vibration according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described controlled vibrator is an electromagnetic actuator, its output mode, frequency and adjustable amplitude value.
6, a kind of high-rating generator stator slot wedge vibration detection device is characterized in that comprising:
Controlled vibrator is used to beat tested slot wedge, makes tested slot wedge vibration;
Sonic transducer and displacement transducer, being used for the sound wave of tested slot wedge vibration institute radiation and the displacement conversion of vibration is sound wave electric signal and displacement electric signal;
The computing machine that has the exclusive data processing module, it is connected with described controlled vibrator, controls controlled vibrator to specify output mode, frequency and amplitude work, produces exciting force and beats tested slot wedge; This computing machine also is connected with displacement transducer with described sonic transducer by data collecting card, gather described two sensors output sound wave electric signal and displacement electric signal, be converted to digital signal, extract characteristic quantity acoustic signals after digitizing and the displacement signal then, with predetermined threshold values relatively, draw the state of tested slot wedge and export by display.
7, high-rating generator stator slot wedge vibration detection device according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described controlled vibrator comprises exciting box, exciting rod and is used to drive the power amplifier of exciting rod, exciting rod is installed in the exciting box and can moves up and down, establish bell housing around the exciting rod, exciting box oral area is symmetrical arranged pair of magnet, be used for the exciting box is adsorbed on generator stator core, described displacement transducer and sonic transducer are installed in the exciting box.
8, high-rating generator stator slot wedge vibration detection device according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: also comprise a signal conditioner, it is connected between the data collecting card and described two sensors of computing machine, to the signal of two sensors output isolate, amplification, filtering and linearization process.
9, high-rating generator stator slot wedge vibration detection device according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: exclusive data processing module involving vibrations signals collecting, processing, analysis and the display module of described computing machine, the vibrator control module, Wave data storage and importing module, parameter storage and importing module.
10, high-rating generator stator slot wedge vibration detection device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the state of the tested slot wedge by display output comprises: fastening, warning and loosening shows with green, yellow and red three kinds of color lumps respectively; Also export the time-domain diagram and the frequency domain figure of described acoustic signals, and the oscillogram of described displacement signal.
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| CNB2006100614564A CN100523765C (en) | 2006-07-04 | 2006-07-04 | Vibrating detection method for detecting looseness of large-scale generator rotor slot wedge and apparatus therefor |
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| CNB2006100614564A CN100523765C (en) | 2006-07-04 | 2006-07-04 | Vibrating detection method for detecting looseness of large-scale generator rotor slot wedge and apparatus therefor |
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| CN103154757A (en) * | 2010-10-07 | 2013-06-12 | Abb研究有限公司 | Detection of a missing stator slot wedge in an electrical machine |
| CN103226182A (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2013-07-31 | 程少敏 | Early diagnosis method of common faults of generator rotor and graphical scanner |
| CN103712758A (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2014-04-09 | 西安交通大学 | Method for judging the looseness of viscoelastic sandwich structure with the use of response information |
| CN104020001A (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2014-09-03 | 中国水电建设集团甘肃能源投资有限公司 | Method for detecting loosening of a generator stator slot wedge through Leeb hardness tester |
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| CN103154757A (en) * | 2010-10-07 | 2013-06-12 | Abb研究有限公司 | Detection of a missing stator slot wedge in an electrical machine |
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| CN102288911A (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2011-12-21 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | System and method for monitoring and diagnosing thermal generator set |
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| CN105258784B (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2018-11-02 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of autompulse excitation Modal Parameters Identification and device |
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| CN109073602A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2018-12-21 | 三菱电机株式会社 | The slot wedge knocking device of rotating electric machine and the slot wedge of rotating electric machine check system |
| CN107421730A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2017-12-01 | 中广核核电运营有限公司 | Intelligent robot and its method for testing slot wedge elasticity |
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