CN114924157B - Parallel reactor state monitoring method and system based on 5G transmission - Google Patents
Parallel reactor state monitoring method and system based on 5G transmission Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a shunt reactor state monitoring method and system based on 5G transmission, and the method comprises the following steps: obtaining vibration multi-characteristic quantity of the surface of the parallel reactor oil tank under different fault types through simulation calculation; collecting vibration signals on the surface of an oil tank of the parallel reactor, and calculating the vibration signals to obtain first signal characteristics of the parallel reactor; acquiring an electric signal of the shunt reactor, and obtaining a second signal characteristic of the shunt reactor according to the electric signal; and comparing the first signal characteristic with the vibration multi-characteristic quantity and the second signal characteristic respectively, and judging and outputting the reason of the change of the first signal characteristic. This application can the wide application in the high-pressure shunt reactor in the transformer substation, because acceleration sensor adsorbs on the oil tank surface simultaneously, consequently can not produce any influence to the inside insulating state of high-pressure shunt reactor, has safe and reliable's advantage.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of electrical equipment monitoring, in particular to a method and a system for monitoring the state of a shunt reactor based on 5G transmission.
Background
In order to enhance reactive compensation and reactive balance in a power system, inhibit overvoltage of the system, improve power quality and power supply reliability, the high-voltage shunt reactor is widely used. The high-voltage shunt reactor generates strong vibration and noise in the operation process, which not only affects the life quality of surrounding residents, but also can cause the loosening of reactor fasteners and the accelerated aging of components, and can cause serious failure of equipment under extreme conditions. According to statistics, the vibration of the high-voltage shunt reactor is obviously enhanced in a fault state, and component loosening and breakage caused by excessive vibration are the most main fault reasons after assembly problems and design defects. With the increasing commissioning quantity, the monitoring and diagnosis of the high-voltage shunt reactor are more and more paid more attention. However, the faults are difficult to be found by the methods of electrical quantity monitoring, oil chromatography monitoring and the like which are commonly used at present.
Because the shunt reactor contains a large number of air gaps, the vibration in the operation process is much larger than that of a power transformer with the same voltage class, and the winding and the iron core of the shunt reactor are easily deformed by excessive vibration to cause faults. In practical research, people find that vibration signals are often closely related to the mechanical state of equipment, mechanical fault diagnosis methods based on the vibration signals have been widely researched in electric power equipment such as transformers, and some modern signal processing methods are introduced to the processing of the vibration signals and achieve better effects. However, research on the reactor mainly focuses on the aspects of optimization design, physical field analysis, vibration reduction, noise reduction and the like, the relatively mature detection technology mostly needs to be stopped, and the shutdown of the shunt reactor has a large influence on normal power supply and needs high economic cost. Meanwhile, the vibration signal of the shunt reactor is greatly influenced by the operation mode and the environment, the vibration characteristic cannot linearly point to the specific defects in the shunt reactor, a widely accepted judgment standard is still lacked at present, and the difficulties of the state monitoring and fault diagnosis technology are mainly interference inhibition and fault criterion establishment. Therefore, research on an online vibration detection technology of the shunt reactor is needed, the vibration data obtained through monitoring is analyzed and judged, state evaluation and fault diagnosis are completed, and the online vibration detection technology has theoretical significance and application value for improving power supply reliability of a power system, prolonging service life of the reactor and saving maintenance cost.
Vibration on-line monitoring of the high-voltage shunt reactor generally utilizes an optical fiber channel to collect vibration signals of each measuring point, but is limited by factors such as engineering implementation, economy and the like. The 5G wireless communication has the characteristics of large bandwidth, low time delay, low error rate and the like, and can solve the problem of dependence on an optical fiber network when fault processing is carried out by utilizing multipoint information of the high-voltage shunt reactor. Therefore, it is necessary to research and utilize 5G communication support information interaction, and the vibration data obtained through monitoring is analyzed and judged to complete state evaluation and fault intelligent diagnosis, so that the method has theoretical significance and application value for improving power supply reliability of a power system, prolonging service life of a reactor and saving maintenance cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The vibration multi-characteristic quantity database of the shunt reactor under different fault states is extracted, the online running state of the shunt reactor is diagnosed through comparison of the first signal characteristic acquired by the shunt reactor on line and the vibration multi-characteristic quantity and the second signal characteristic, and finally the online running state is transmitted to a cloud platform through 5G to be visually displayed, so that an operator can remotely master the state of the shunt reactor in real time.
In order to achieve the purpose, the application provides the following technical scheme:
a shunt reactor state monitoring method based on 5G transmission comprises the following steps:
s1, obtaining vibration multi-characteristic quantity of the surface of a parallel reactor oil tank under different fault types through simulation calculation;
s2, collecting vibration signals on the surface of an oil tank of the parallel reactor, and calculating the vibration signals to obtain first signal characteristics of the parallel reactor;
s3, collecting an electric signal of the parallel reactor, and obtaining a second signal characteristic of the parallel reactor according to the electric signal;
and S4, comparing the first signal characteristic with the vibration multi-characteristic quantity and the second signal characteristic respectively to obtain the change reason of the state of the parallel reactor.
Preferably, the method for obtaining the vibration multi-feature quantity comprises the following steps:
establishing a simulation model based on the working principle of the shunt reactor and the electric-magnetic-mechanical multi-physical field coupling theory, calculating the vibration characteristics of the oil tank under various fault conditions of the shunt reactor based on the simulation model, and carrying out time-frequency domain analysis on the vibration characteristics to obtain the vibration multi-characteristic quantity.
Preferably, the method for obtaining the first signal characteristic includes:
and based on the vibration signal, carrying out frequency domain decomposition on the vibration signal by adopting a wavelet decomposition method to obtain the first signal characteristic.
Preferably, the electrical signal comprises: voltage and current time domain signals.
Preferably, the method for obtaining the second signal characteristic comprises:
and acquiring voltage and current time domain signals of the shunt reactor, and performing frequency domain decomposition on the voltage and current time domain signals to obtain second signal characteristics.
Preferably, the reasons for the change in the state of the shunt reactor include: voltage and current excitation variations and shunt reactor hardware faults.
Preferably, the feature quantity comparison method includes:
transmitting the vibration multi-feature quantity, the first signal feature and the second signal feature to an intelligent Internet of things cloud platform through a 5G network, comparing the second signal feature with the first signal feature, and judging whether the first signal feature changes due to the change of the second signal feature;
if the judgment result is yes, the reason of the state change of the shunt reactor is judged to be voltage and current excitation change, if the judgment result is no, the vibration multi-feature quantity is compared with the first signal feature, and the type of the hardware fault of the shunt reactor is judged and output.
The application also provides a shunt reactor state monitoring system based on 5G transmission, include: the system comprises a fault simulation module, a vibration acquisition module, an electric signal acquisition module and a comparison module;
the fault simulation module is connected with the vibration acquisition module and is used for obtaining vibration multi-characteristic quantity of the surface of the parallel reactor oil tank under different fault types through simulation calculation;
the vibration acquisition module is also connected with the electric signal acquisition module, and is used for acquiring vibration signals on the surface of an oil tank of the parallel reactor and calculating the vibration signals to obtain first signal characteristics of the parallel reactor;
the electric signal acquisition module is also connected with the comparison module and is used for acquiring an electric signal of the parallel reactor and obtaining a second signal characteristic of the parallel reactor according to the electric signal;
the comparison module is used for comparing the first signal characteristic with the vibration multi-characteristic quantity and the second signal characteristic respectively, and judging and outputting the reason of the change of the first signal characteristic.
Preferably, the comparison module includes: the system comprises a 5G transmission device and an intelligent Internet of things cloud platform;
the 5G transmission device is used for transmitting the vibration multi-feature, the first signal feature and the second signal feature;
the intelligent Internet of things cloud platform is used for realizing remote data processing and state monitoring.
The beneficial effect of this application does:
(1) The fault of the parallel reactor oil tank is diagnosed through the vibration of the surface of the parallel reactor oil tank, so that the parallel reactor oil tank is non-invasive, the risks of discharging and damaging insulation caused by the fact that a sensor is placed in the parallel reactor are avoided, and the parallel reactor oil tank is convenient for engineering application;
(2) The transformer substation has the characteristics of high voltage and strong magnetic field, has high wiring requirements on the sensor, has the advantages of short time delay and no wiring by adopting 5G transmission, and is favorable for ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the transformer substation while mastering the state of a shunt reactor;
(3) The method can more accurately diagnose the faults of the iron core, the winding looseness and the like of the shunt reactor by combining the time-frequency domain characteristics of the voltage and the current, can accurately judge the real-time running state of the shunt reactor, avoids the occurrence of accidents, saves a large amount of manpower and material resources, and has very remarkable economic benefit.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for a person skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without any inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a shunt reactor state monitoring method based on 5G transmission according to the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a shunt reactor state monitoring system based on 5G transmission according to the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, the present application is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
Example one
In the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a method for monitoring a state of a parallel reactor based on 5G transmission includes, first, researching a working principle of the parallel reactor from an electromagnetic principle, then, from an angle of electric-magnetic-mechanical multi-physical field coupling, combining magnetostriction, maxwell stress and electromagnetic force, establishing a magnetic-mechanical multi-physical field simulation model of the parallel reactor, performing simulation calculation to obtain vibration characteristics of an oil tank of the parallel reactor for various faults (including loosening of an iron core and a winding in different degrees, and the like), and performing time-frequency domain analysis on the vibration characteristics of the oil tank to obtain vibration multi-feature quantities of the surface of the oil tank under different fault types. The vibration theory of the shunt reactor is as follows:
in the above formula,. Epsilon p Is the elastic strain under prestress. The first term in equation (1) is the prestress σ p Wherein E is the intrinsic young's modulus. Lambda (sigma) p ) Is the initial magnetostrictive strain, ε c For total magnetostrictive strain, M s (σ p ) For saturating the wall-moving magnetization, lambda, under the action of prestressing force m (0) Is the saturated magnetostriction coefficient measured by the magnetic ring.
The two-dimensional Maxwell stress method shows that F max Can pass through the Maxwell stress tensor T m The surface area of (a) is calculated by the following formula:
in the above formula, T m Is a second order tensor, and S is a closed surface surrounding the entire magnetic mass in air.
According to the theory of elastic mechanics, considering the orthotropic properties of magnetic materials, the two-dimensional stress strain constitutive relation is as follows:
in the above formula, σ is normal stress, τ is shear stress, ν is poisson's ratio, E is elastic modulus, E is normal strain, and γ is shear strain.
The damping effect of the shunt reactor core is negligible, so the vibration equation can be simplified as follows:
in the above equation, m is a mass matrix, k is a stiffness matrix, and u is a displacement vector. F vms Is the magnetostrictive volume force, F vmax Is the maxwell volumetric force. And obtaining displacement data of the parallel reactor oil tank through calculation, and solving the time domain data of the displacement for two times of partial derivatives to obtain acceleration time domain data on the oil tank.
Secondly, a high-sensitivity piezoelectric acceleration sensor is adopted to collect vibration signals on an oil tank of the shunt reactor, labView software is utilized to establish a vibration online monitoring platform of the shunt reactor, the vibration online monitoring platform is transmitted to a data acquisition unit through 5G, data are stored in a hard disk through the data acquisition unit, and time-domain and frequency-domain decomposition is carried out on time-domain signals through an algorithm to obtain the time-domain and frequency-domain vibration signal characteristics of the shunt reactor.
The methods available for analyzing the vibration characteristics of the time-frequency domain at present include: short-time fourier transform, wavelet decomposition, and empirical mode decomposition. The wavelet analysis method is a multi-scale analysis method, a wide time window and a narrow time window are respectively adopted for low-frequency components and high-frequency components in signals, and the multi-scale analysis method has good local analysis characteristics and can acquire more information in the signals. Wavelet analysis is well suited to transient and random vibration and acoustic signals, and therefore, the present application employs wavelet decomposition.
The definition of wavelet transform is: if the square integrable function is set, the Fourier transform of the square integrable function meets the following condition:
where ψ (ω) is the Fourier transform of ψ (t), then ψ (t) is referred to as a base wavelet or wavelet mother function. The Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) of the function f (t) with respect to a certain wavelet mother function ψ is defined as:
wherein f ∈ L 2 (R), i.e. f (t), is a square integrable function, ψ * Is a conjugate of the x to the y,
generally denoted by psi a,τ (t), called wavelet basis function, a>0, a is the scale of the wavelet transform, representing the size of the wavelet basis function time window. When a is gradually increased, # a,τ (t) time window Δ t a,τ Gradually increases while its frequency domain window Δ ω a,τ And correspondingly decreases, the center frequency gradually decreases. The temporal locality of the wavelet transform is good. When detecting the high frequency part, the time domain window is narrowed; the time domain window is widened when detecting the low frequency part. Let Vt V ω be the window area, the window area is fixed, i.e.:
the Heisenberg inaccuracy principle explains the phenomenon that the window day area of the continuous wavelet basis function does not change along with the parameters a and tau. The inverse 1/a-of the scale corresponds in a sense to the frequency ω, i.e. the smaller the scale a, the higher the corresponding frequency, the larger a, the lower the corresponding frequency.
In order to reduce the redundancy of wavelet transform coefficients, the wavelet basis function ψ is generally used a,τ A and τ of (t) are defined at discrete points. A common method is to disperse the scale a according to the screen level number, and take a j ＝a 0 j And τ is usually uniformly and discretely valued, covering the whole time axis. In engineering applications, a =2 is generally taken, i.e. the dichotomy. A binary wavelet transform method can be obtained from a dichotomy, a binary filter is further constructed, a series of orthogonal binary wavelet bases are further generated, wavelet packet bases are formed by the binary wavelet bases, and information of any frequency position and range of signals can be extracted. The steps of extracting the vibration signal sub-band energy characteristic set by utilizing a wavelet packet decomposition algorithm are as follows:
(1) J-layer wavelet packet decomposition is carried out on the vibration original signals of the shunt reactor, and the selection of the number of decomposition layers needs to comprehensively consider the frequency spectrum structure of the vibration signals of the mechanical parts, the distribution of fault characteristic frequencies and the requirement on calculation speed.
(2) And reconstructing wavelet packet decomposition coefficients and extracting the energy of each sub-band signal. Let P jk For reconstructed signal d of j-th frequency band of k-th layer jk The corresponding signal energies are:
wherein x is jm Representing the amplitude of discrete points of the reconstructed signal.
(3) Constructing a set of energy features
T＝{P j0 ，P j1 ，…，P js } (11)
Wherein s =2 j And 1, then carrying out normalized dimensionless processing on the feature vector to obtain a sub-band energy feature set.
In order to improve the fault diagnosis precision of the vibration multi-characteristic quantity, the proportion reduction of vibration energy of 100Hz and 200Hz and the increase of total harmonic distortion rate are taken as the fault diagnosis basis, and the formula is as follows:
in the above formula, Q 1 Is energy ratio, Q 2 Is the total harmonic distortion rate, P 100Hz And P 100Hz Respectively 100Hz and 200Hz vibration energy, P f For vibration energy with frequency of f Hz, the energy ratio and total harmonic of normal state and fault stateAnd extracting the wave distortion rate to form a database, determining threshold values of a fault state and a normal state according to the extracted energy proportion and the total harmonic distortion rate, comparing the energy proportion and the total harmonic distortion rate in the operation process of the parallel reactor with corresponding threshold values, and primarily outputting the operation state of the parallel reactor judged in the first stage when the energy proportion and the total harmonic distortion rate simultaneously meet the respective threshold value ranges.
Thirdly, acquiring time domain signals of the voltage and the current of the shunt reactor by using a voltage transformer and a current transformer, decomposing the time domain signals of the voltage and the current to obtain second signal characteristics, comparing the first signal characteristics with the second signal characteristics, judging whether the first signal characteristics caused by the voltage and the current change, if the first signal characteristics caused by the voltage and the current change, outputting a result of abnormal vibration of the shunt reactor caused by the voltage and the current change, and if the voltage and the current change is not the reason of the change of the vibration state of the shunt reactor, carrying out the next step.
Finally, comparing the first signal characteristic with the vibration multi-characteristic quantity, if the vibration multi-characteristic quantity of a certain fault state is met, outputting the fault, and making a corresponding prompt, wherein the types of the prompted faults are as follows: loose windings, loose iron cores and short-circuit windings. And 5G transmission is combined, so that the vibration data of the shunt reactor can be transmitted to an intelligent Internet of things cloud platform in real time, remote data processing and state observation are realized, and an interface of the cloud platform comprises vibration time domain waveforms and frequency spectrums, voltage current time domain waveforms and frequency spectrums of all measuring points of the shunt reactor. The system can monitor a plurality of vibration signals on the surface of the reactor oil tank, analyze the change condition of the mechanical characteristics of the iron core and the winding by extracting the characteristic information in the vibration signals, and judge the actual state of the shunt reactor. If the mechanical characteristics in the shunt reactor are changed, the mechanical characteristics can be reflected by the characteristic information in the vibration signal, and the shunt reactor has high sensitivity.
Example two
In the second embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a shunt reactor state monitoring system based on 5G transmission includes: the system comprises a fault simulation module, a vibration acquisition module, an electric signal acquisition module and a comparison module;
the fault simulation module is connected with the vibration acquisition module and used for obtaining vibration multi-characteristic quantities of the surfaces of the parallel reactors under different fault types through simulation calculation; the vibration acquisition module is also connected with the electric signal acquisition module and is used for acquiring vibration signals on the surface of the oil tank of the parallel reactor and calculating the vibration signals to obtain first signal characteristics of the parallel reactor; the electric signal acquisition module is also connected with the comparison module and is used for acquiring an electric signal of the parallel reactor and obtaining a second signal characteristic of the parallel reactor according to the electric signal; the comparison module is used for comparing the first signal characteristic with the vibration multi-characteristic quantity and the second signal characteristic respectively, and judging and outputting the reason of the change of the first signal characteristic. Wherein, the contrast module includes: the system comprises a 5G transmission device and an intelligent Internet of things cloud platform; the 5G transmission device is used for transmitting the vibration multi-characteristic, the first signal characteristic and the second signal characteristic; the intelligent Internet of things cloud platform is used for realizing remote data processing and state monitoring.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present application, and do not limit the scope of the present application, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present application by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present application should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present application.
Claims (6)
1. A shunt reactor state monitoring method based on 5G transmission is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, obtaining vibration multi-characteristic quantity of the surface of a parallel reactor oil tank under different fault types through simulation calculation;
s2, collecting vibration signals on the surface of an oil tank of the parallel reactor, and calculating the vibration signals to obtain first signal characteristics of the parallel reactor;
s3, collecting an electric signal of the parallel reactor, and obtaining a second signal characteristic of the parallel reactor according to the electric signal;
s4, comparing the first signal characteristic with the vibration multi-characteristic quantity and the second signal characteristic respectively to obtain the reason for the state change of the shunt reactor;
the reasons for the change of the state of the shunt reactor comprise: voltage and current excitation variations and shunt reactor hardware faults;
the feature quantity comparison method includes:
transmitting the vibration multi-feature quantity, the first signal feature and the second signal feature to an intelligent Internet of things cloud platform through a 5G network, comparing the second signal feature with the first signal feature, and judging whether the first signal feature changes due to the change of the second signal feature;
if the judgment result is yes, judging that the reason of the state change of the shunt reactor is voltage and current excitation change, if the judgment result is no, comparing the vibration multi-feature quantity with the first signal feature, and judging and outputting the type of the hardware fault of the shunt reactor;
the method for obtaining the vibration multi-feature quantity comprises the following steps:
based on the working principle of the parallel reactor and the electric-magnetic-mechanical multi-physical field coupling theory, combining magnetostriction, maxwell stress and electromagnetic force, establishing a simulation model, calculating the vibration characteristics of the oil tank under various fault conditions of the parallel reactor based on the simulation model, and carrying out time-frequency domain analysis on the vibration characteristics to obtain the vibration multi-characteristic quantity.
2. The shunt reactor state monitoring method based on 5G transmission according to claim 1, wherein the method for obtaining the first signal characteristic comprises the following steps:
and performing frequency domain decomposition on the vibration signal by adopting a wavelet decomposition method based on the vibration signal to obtain the first signal characteristic.
3. The shunt reactor state monitoring method based on 5G transmission according to claim 1, wherein the electric signal comprises: voltage and current time domain signals.
4. The shunt reactor state monitoring method based on 5G transmission according to claim 3, wherein the method for obtaining the second signal characteristic comprises the following steps:
and acquiring voltage and current time domain signals of the shunt reactor, and performing frequency domain decomposition on the voltage and current time domain signals to obtain second signal characteristics.
5. The utility model provides a shunt reactor state monitoring system based on 5G transmission which characterized in that includes: the system comprises a fault simulation module, a vibration acquisition module, an electric signal acquisition module and a comparison module;
the fault simulation module is connected with the vibration acquisition module and is used for obtaining vibration multi-characteristic quantity of the surface of the parallel reactor oil tank under different fault types through simulation calculation;
the vibration acquisition module is also connected with the electric signal acquisition module, and is used for acquiring vibration signals on the surface of an oil tank of the parallel reactor and calculating the vibration signals to obtain first signal characteristics of the parallel reactor;
the electric signal acquisition module is also connected with the comparison module and is used for acquiring electric signals of the shunt reactor and obtaining second signal characteristics of the shunt reactor according to the electric signals;
the comparison module is used for comparing the first signal characteristic with the vibration multi-characteristic quantity and the second signal characteristic respectively, and judging and outputting the reason of the state change of the shunt reactor;
the reasons for the change of the state of the shunt reactor include: voltage and current excitation variations and shunt reactor hardware faults;
the method for comparing the characteristic quantities comprises the following steps:
transmitting the vibration multi-feature quantity, the first signal feature and the second signal feature to an intelligent Internet of things cloud platform through a 5G network, comparing the second signal feature with the first signal feature, and judging whether the first signal feature changes due to the change of the second signal feature;
if the judgment result is yes, judging the reason of the state change of the shunt reactor to be voltage and current excitation change, if the judgment result is no, comparing the vibration multi-feature quantity with the first signal feature, and judging and outputting the type of the hardware fault of the shunt reactor;
the method for obtaining the vibration multi-feature quantity comprises the following steps:
based on the working principle of the parallel reactor and the electric-magnetic-mechanical multi-physical field coupling theory, combining magnetostriction, maxwell stress and electromagnetic force, establishing a simulation model, calculating the vibration characteristics of the oil tank under various fault conditions of the parallel reactor based on the simulation model, and carrying out time-frequency domain analysis on the vibration characteristics to obtain the vibration multi-characteristic quantity.
6. The shunt reactor state monitoring system based on 5G transmission according to claim 5, wherein the comparison module comprises: the system comprises a 5G transmission device and an intelligent Internet of things cloud platform;
the 5G transmission device is used for transmitting the vibration multi-feature, the first signal feature and the second signal feature;
the intelligent Internet of things cloud platform is used for realizing remote data processing and state monitoring.
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