WO2022156483A1 - 一种多功能梯关节 - Google Patents

一种多功能梯关节 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022156483A1
WO2022156483A1 PCT/CN2021/141082 CN2021141082W WO2022156483A1 WO 2022156483 A1 WO2022156483 A1 WO 2022156483A1 CN 2021141082 W CN2021141082 W CN 2021141082W WO 2022156483 A1 WO2022156483 A1 WO 2022156483A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
joint
inner joint
pin
braking
outer joint
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PCT/CN2021/141082
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱雪林
姚柏松
刘卫强
Original Assignee
江苏宙际杰智能科技股份有限公司
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Application filed by 江苏宙际杰智能科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 江苏宙际杰智能科技股份有限公司
Publication of WO2022156483A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022156483A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C7/00—Component parts, supporting parts, or accessories
    • E06C7/50—Joints or other connecting parts

Definitions

  • the utility model belongs to the technical field of ladders, in particular to a multifunctional ladder joint.
  • the multi-function ladder can be unfolded 180 degrees into a one-way ladder to form a longer climbing stroke; it can also form a herringbone ladder with different angles to adapt to various small-distance climbing strokes, or to facilitate transportation and storage.
  • a commonly used form is that buttons and handles are distributed on both sides of the two rotating parts, the locking pin is fixed to the handle, and the locking pin passes through the two rotating parts at the same time to fix the two rotating parts. The button pushes the locking pin to withdraw from at least one rotating part, so that the two rotating parts can be rotated.
  • a pin is installed between the two outer joints, so that when the inner joint and the outer joint are unfolded at a 180-degree angle, the end face of the inner joint bears against the pin to limit the position.
  • adding additional pins will make the installation steps more numerous.
  • the joint limit will be inaccurate, resulting in safety hazards, and the load pressure of the pin will be large, resulting in a shortened service life of the joint.
  • the purpose of the utility model is to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, and propose a multifunctional ladder joint with long service life.
  • a multifunctional ladder joint comprising an inner joint and an outer joint respectively arranged on both sides of the inner joint, the inner joint and the outer joint can be circumferentially arranged around the overlapping part of the two
  • One side of the outer joint is provided with a locking device that can penetrate into the inner joint to limit the circumferential rotation of the inner joint and the outer joint, and the other side is provided with a locking device that can drive the locking device to pass through the inner joint to unlock.
  • the inner joint is provided with a limiting structure which can abut against the outer joint and limit the maximum rotation angle of the two.
  • the inner joint and the outer joint can be rotated at an appropriate angle relative to each other. After the angle is adjusted, the inner and outer joints can be restricted from continuing to rotate circumferentially by the locking device to complete the transformation of the herringbone ladder;
  • the multi-function ladder needs to adjust the angle between the inner joint and the outer joint, it is necessary to drive the locking device to pass through the inner joint through the linkage device to unlock;
  • the structure enables the inner joint and the outer joint to directly offset the limit when the adjustment angle is the maximum angle, and then cooperate with the locking device to lock, there is no need to add a pin between the two outer joints to limit the position, which simplifies the installation steps and avoids the need for The skewed deformation of the pin leads to the inaccurate position limit, which increases the service life of the joint.
  • the limiting structure includes an expansion part arranged on the inner joint and extending toward the outer joints on both sides respectively, and a top pressing part integrally formed with the expansion part.
  • the cross section of the pressure part and the pressing part are barb-shaped or triangular-shaped, the pressing part can be in contact with the outer joint, and the inner joint and the outer joint are 180 degrees when they are in contact, and the locking device has no restricting effect at this time.
  • the outer joint is provided with a stretch portion extending toward the inner joint, and the stretch portion can abut against the pressing portion.
  • the locking device includes a pin subgroup located on the side of the outer joint and can be linked with the linkage device and a trigger portion arranged on the inner joint
  • the pin subgroup includes a pin subgroup A sub-seat and a positioning pin arranged on the pin seat
  • the positioning pins are respectively connected with the inner joint and the outer joint in an axially movable manner
  • the positioning pin is provided with an elastic braking part which can be pressed to the inside by the triggering part
  • the inner joint and the outer joint are both provided with pin holes for the positioning pins to pass through, and a cavity for the elastic braking part to be braked is also arranged between the inner joint and the outer joint.
  • the elastic braking part in the locked state is exposed from the positioning pin and clamped at the cavity.
  • the pin group can be driven to move to the side away from the outer joint through the linkage device. , that is, with the external force brought by the linkage device, the elastic braking part is compressed into the positioning pin by the top of the triggering part, and cannot be clamped in the cavity, and the positioning pin can be smoothly passed through the inner joint.
  • the elastic braking part includes a braking spring arranged laterally in the positioning pin and a braking sphere arranged on the braking spring to abut against it, and the positioning pin is also provided with a braking ball. There is a brake port for the part of the brake ball to be exposed.
  • the brake sphere When the brake sphere is pressed by the triggering part, it can be compressed by the brake spring to completely retract into the locating pin, and the locating pin can move axially.
  • the reset of the locating pin realizes that part of the protruding locating pin is clamped in the cavity, and the locating pin is axially locked.
  • the trigger part is a plate body, and the trigger part is provided with an arc edge that can interfere with the braking sphere.
  • the triggering part moves together with the inner joint, its motion trajectory is arc-shaped, so by setting the arc edge, it is ensured that the inner joint can always conflict with the braking sphere within the motion trajectory range of the required adjustment angle.
  • the pin holder is further provided with a center pin penetrating the inner joint and the outer joint for linkage with the linkage device, and a balance pin arranged symmetrically with the positioning pin.
  • the center pin By arranging a balance pin to play a balancing role, the center pin can be driven by the linkage device, thereby driving the movement of the pin seat, and the movement of the pin seat indirectly drives the movement of the positioning pin.
  • the linkage device includes a center sleeve arranged on the side of the outer joint and a limit spring arranged in the center sleeve to abut against it and to be linked with the locking device.
  • the spring always maintains an opposite movement trend to the locking device.
  • the end of the center sleeve is connected with a handle that is convenient for hand push.
  • a handle By setting the handle, it is convenient for the user to push by hand.
  • the end of the inner joint and the end of the outer joint are respectively provided with connecting holes for connecting the ladder frame.
  • the ladder frame can be installed by setting the connecting hole.
  • the present invention through the limiting structure arranged on the inner joint, enables the inner joint and the outer joint to directly touch the limit when the adjustment angle of the inner joint and the outer joint is the maximum angle, and then cooperate with the locking device to lock, without the need for two A pin is added between the outer joints to limit the position, which simplifies the installation steps, avoids the inaccurate position caused by the skewed deformation of the pin, and increases the service life of the joint; by setting the outer joints on both sides of the inner joint
  • the expansion part and the top pressure part disperse the stress situation and improve the overall reliability when the inner joint and the outer joint are at a 180-degree angle.
  • the department cooperates to improve the stress condition.
  • Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present utility model
  • Fig. 2 is the exploded view of the present utility model
  • the present invention includes an inner joint 1 and an outer joint 2 respectively disposed on both sides of the inner joint 1.
  • the inner joint 1 and the outer joint 2 can rotate circumferentially around the overlapping portion of the two.
  • One side of the outer joint 2 is provided with a locking device 3 that can penetrate into the inner joint 1 to limit the circumferential rotation of the inner joint 1 and the outer joint 2, and the other side is provided with a locking device 3 that can drive the locking device 3 to pass through the inner joint 1.
  • the inner joint 1 is provided with a limiting structure 5 which can abut against the outer joint 2 and limit the maximum rotation angle of the two.
  • the inner joint 1 and the outer joint 2 can be rotated at an appropriate angle relative to each other. After the angle is adjusted, the inner joint 1 and the outer joint 2 can be restricted by the locking device 3 to continue to rotate circumferentially.
  • Transformation of the herringbone ladder when the multi-function ladder needs to adjust the angle between the inner joint 1 and the outer joint 2, it is necessary to first drive the locking device 3 through the inner joint 1 through the linkage device 4 to unlock;
  • the adjustment angle of the inner joint 1 and the outer joint 2 is the maximum angle through the limit structure 5 set on the inner joint 1, they can directly offset the limit, and then cooperate with the locking device 3 to lock, without the need for the two outer joints 2
  • a pin is added to limit the position, which simplifies the installation steps, avoids the inaccurate limit caused by the skewed deformation of the pin, and increases the service life of the joint.
  • the limiting structure 5 includes an expansion portion 51 disposed on the inner joint 1 and extending toward the outer joints 2 on both sides respectively, and a pressing portion 52 integrally formed with the expanding portion 51 .
  • the cross-section of the portion 52 is barb-shaped or triangular-shaped, and the pressing portion 52 can abut against the outer joint 2 , and the inner joint 1 and the outer joint 2 form 180 degrees when they are abutted.
  • the outer joint 2 is provided with an extension portion 21 extending toward the inner joint 1 , and the extension portion 21 can abut against the pressing portion 52 .
  • the extension portion 21 extending toward the inner joint 1 on the outer joint 2 the force bearing area is increased, and the force bearing condition is improved in cooperation with the top pressing portion 52 .
  • the locking device 3 includes a pin subgroup 31 located on the side of the outer joint 2 and can be linked with the linkage device 4 and a trigger portion 32 arranged on the inner joint 1.
  • the pin subgroup 31 includes a pin seat 313 and
  • the positioning pin 311 is arranged on the pin holder 313, the positioning pin 311 is respectively connected with the inner joint 1 and the outer joint 2 in an axially movable manner, and the positioning pin 311 is provided with a locating pin 311 that can be pressed to the inside by the triggering part 32.
  • the elastic braking portion 312, the inner joint 1 and the outer joint 2 are provided with pin holes 6 for the positioning pin 311 to pass through, and an elastic braking portion 312 is also provided between the inner joint 1 and the outer joint 2 for Cavity for braking (not shown).
  • the elastic braking portion 312 in the locked state is exposed from the positioning pin 311 and is clamped at the cavity.
  • the linkage device 4 can first drive the pin subgroup 31 to move away from it.
  • One side of the outer joint 2 moves, that is, with the external force brought by the linkage device 4, the elastic braking portion 312 is compressed into the positioning pin 311 by the trigger portion 32, and cannot be clamped in the cavity, and the positioning pin 311 can be removed from the inner joint. 1 goes out smoothly.
  • the elastic braking portion 312 includes a braking spring 3121 arranged laterally in the positioning pin 311 and a braking ball 3122 arranged on the braking spring 3121 to abut against it.
  • the brake port 3111 partially exposed by the ball 3122.
  • the positioning pin 311 can move axially.
  • the braking ball 3122 When the braking ball 3122 is pressed by the triggering part 32 , it can be compressed by the braking spring 3121 , so as to be completely retracted into the positioning pin 311 , and the positioning pin 311 can move axially.
  • the braking ball 3122 is not pressed by the triggering part 32 .
  • the positioning pin 311 can be partially protruded through the reset of the braking spring 3121, and the positioning pin 311 is clamped in the cavity, and the positioning pin 311 is axially locked.
  • the triggering portion 32 is a plate body, and the triggering portion 32 is provided with an arc edge 321 that can collide with the braking ball 3122 . Since the trigger part 32 moves together with the inner joint 1 , and its movement trajectory is arc-shaped, the arc edge 321 ensures that the inner joint 1 can always conflict with the braking ball 3122 within the movement trajectory range of the required adjustment angle.
  • the pin holder 313 is also provided with a center pin 314 penetrating the inner joint 1 and the outer joint 2 for interlocking with the linkage device 4 , and a balance pin 315 arranged symmetrically with the positioning pin 311 .
  • the center pin 314 can be driven by the linkage device 4, thereby driving the pin seat 313 to move, and the movement of the pin seat 313 indirectly drives the positioning pin 311 to move.
  • the linkage device 4 includes a center sleeve 41 arranged on the side of the outer joint 2 and a limit spring 42 arranged in the center sleeve 41 to abut against it and linked with the locking device.
  • the limit spring 42 is always connected to the locking device. The device maintains the opposite movement trend. Since the limit spring 42 always maintains an opposite movement trend to the locking device, when the locked state is released and the angle adjustment is completed, the external force applied to the linkage device 4 during unlocking can be removed, and the lock is directly reset by the limit spring 42 The stopper moves back and locks again.
  • the end of the center sleeve 41 is connected with a handle 7 that is easy to push by hand. By setting the handle 7, it is convenient for the user to push by hand.
  • the end of the inner joint 1 and the end of the outer joint 2 are respectively provided with connecting holes 8 for connecting the ladder frame.
  • the ladder frame can be installed by setting the connecting hole 8 .
  • the working principle of the utility model is installed on the ladder.
  • the central sleeve 41 is driven to move by the handle 7 by hand, and the central sleeve 41 moves and presses against it.
  • the limit spring 42, the limit spring 42 drives the center pin 314 to move, and the center pin 314 moves to drive the pin holder 313 and the positioning pin 311 to move toward the side away from the outer joint 2, and the braking sphere originally clamped at the cavity 3122 is squeezed by the trigger part 32, so that it retracts into the interior of the positioning pin 311 together with the braking spring 3121, the positioning pin 311 can be smoothly passed through the inner joint 1, and the unlocking is completed.
  • the inner joint 1 and the outer joint 2 can be adjusted to form a
  • the limit spring 42 resets and drives the center pin 314 to move back, and the center pin 314 moves to drive the pin holder 313 and the positioning pin 311 to move toward the side close to the outer joint 2, and the positioning pin 311
  • the braking ball 3122 on the top is squeezed by the trigger part 32, so that it retracts into the positioning pin 311 together with the braking spring 3121, the positioning pin 311 can smoothly penetrate into the inner joint 1, and then the braking spring 3121 resets so that the braking ball 3122 is locked.
  • the adjustment angle is 180 degrees
  • the top pressing part 52 on the inner joint 1 is in contact with the stretching part 21 on the outer joint 2, and then release the handle 7 to lock the two after contacting the cavity. Device 3 is locked.
  • the limiting structure 5 provided on the inner joint 1 enables the inner joint 1 and the outer joint 2 to directly contact each other when the adjustment angle is the maximum angle, and then cooperate with the locking device 3 to lock, without the need for the two outer joints.
  • a pin is added between 2 to limit the position, which simplifies the installation steps, avoids the inaccurate position caused by the skewed deformation of the pin, and increases the service life of the joint;
  • the expansion part 51 and the top pressing part 52 are provided to disperse the stress situation and improve the overall reliability when the inner joint 1 and the outer joint 2 are at 180 degrees; Increase the force bearing area, and cooperate with the top pressure part 52 to improve the force bearing situation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ladders (AREA)

Abstract

本实用新型提供了一种多功能梯关节，属于梯子技术领域，解决了现有技术关节使用寿命短的问题。本实用新型包括内关节和分别设置于内关节两侧的外关节，内关节与外关节可绕两者重合部分周向转动，外关节一侧设有可穿入内关节内从而限制内关节与外关节周向转动的锁止装置，另一侧设有可带动所述锁止装置穿出内关节进行解锁的联动装置，内关节上设有可与外关节相抵并限制两者最大转动角度的限位结构。本实用新型通过内关节上设置的限位结构使得内关节与外关节调整角度为180度，可以直接相抵限位，然后再配合锁止装置锁定，无需在两个外关节之间增设销子进行限位，简化了安装步骤，避免了销子歪斜形变导致限位不准的情况发生，增加了关节的使用寿命。

Description

一种多功能梯关节 技术领域
本实用新型属于梯子技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种多功能梯关节。
背景技术
多功能梯可展开180度为一字梯，形成更长的可攀爬行程；也可以形成不同角度的人字梯，以适应各种小距离的攀爬行程，或方便运输和存储。在多功能梯子的可折叠关节处，目前常用的一种形式为按钮和把手分布于两转动部的两侧，锁定销与把手固定，且锁定销同时穿过两转动部以固定两转动部，按钮推动锁定销退出至少一转动部，从而使得两转动部可旋转。
现有技术通过在两个外关节之间安装销子，使得内关节与外关节呈180度展开时，内关节端面顶住销子从而限位，然而额外增加销子，会使安装步骤更加繁多，一旦销子出现歪斜，关节限位就不准确，产生安全隐患，而且销子的负载压力大，导致关节的使用寿命变短。
实用新型内容
本实用新型的目的是针对现有技术中存在的上述问题，提出了一种使用寿命长的多功能梯关节。
本实用新型的目的可通过下列技术方案来实现：一种多功能梯关节，包括内关节和分别设置于内关节两侧的外关节，所述内关节与外关节可绕两者重合部分周向转动，所述的外关节一侧设有可穿入内关节内从而限制内关节与外关节周向转动的锁止装置，另一侧设有可带动所述锁止装置穿出内关节进行解锁的联动装置，所述的内关节上设有可与外关节相抵并限制两者最大转动角度的限位结构。
当多功能梯需要摆成人字梯时，可通过内关节与外关节相对转动适当角度，调整好角度后可通过锁止装置来限制内关节与外关节继续周向转动，完成人字梯变换；当多功能梯需要调整内关节与外关节的角度时，需要先通过联动装置 带动锁止装置穿出内关节进行解锁；当多功能梯需要摆成一字梯时，通过内关节上设置的限位结构使得内关节与外关节调整角度为最大角度时，可以直接相抵限位，然后再配合锁止装置锁定，无需在两个外关节之间增设销子进行限位，简化了安装步骤，避免了销子歪斜形变导致限位不准的情况发生，增加了关节的使用寿命。
在上述的一种多功能梯关节中，所述的限位结构包括设置于内关节上分别朝向两侧外关节伸展的扩展部和与所述扩展部一体成型的顶压部，所述的扩展部与顶压部截面呈倒钩状或三角形状，所述的顶压部可与外关节相抵，且相抵时内关节与外关节呈180度，此时所述的锁止装置不起限制作用。
通过在内关节上朝两侧的外关节设置扩展部和顶压部，分散了受力情况，提高了内关节与外关节呈180度时的整体可靠性,此时本多功能梯呈一字型，仅通过内关节与外关节相抵即可实现。
在上述的一种多功能梯关节中，所述的外关节上设有朝向内关节伸展的伸展部，所述的伸展部可与顶压部相抵。
通过在外关节上设置朝向内关节伸展的伸展部，增加受力面积，与顶压部配合改善受力情况。
在上述的一种多功能梯关节中，所述的锁止装置包括位于外关节侧部可与联动装置联动的销子组和设置于内关节上的触发部，所述的销子组包括销子座和设置于销子座上的定位销，所述的定位销分别与内关节、外关节轴向活动连接，且定位销上设有可被触发部顶压至其内部的弹性制动部，所述的内关节与外关节上均设有供定位销穿过的销孔，且内关节与外关节之间还设有供弹性制动部进行制动的空腔。
锁紧状态下的弹性制动部从定位销上露出并卡接在空腔处，当内关节与外关节需要调整角度时，可先通过联动装置带动销子组向远离外关节的一侧移动，即借助联动装置带来的外力，弹性制动部被触发部顶压缩入定位销内，无法卡接在空腔内，定位销可从内关节顺利穿出。
在上述的一种多功能梯关节中，所述的弹性制动部包括横向设置于定位销内的制动弹簧和设置于制动弹簧上与其相抵的制动球体，所述的定位销上还设有供制动球体部分露出的制动口。
制动球体被触发部顶压时，可通过制动弹簧压缩，实现完全缩入定位销内，定位销便可轴向活动，反之制动球体不被触发部顶压时，可通过制动弹簧的复位，实现部分伸出定位销，卡接在空腔内，定位销被轴向锁定。
在上述的一种多功能梯关节中，所述的触发部为板体，触发部上设有可与制动球体相抵触的弧边。
由于触发部随内关节一起运动，其运动轨迹为弧形，因此通过设置弧边保证内关节在所需调整角度的运动轨迹范围内可以始终与制动球体相抵触。
在上述的一种多功能梯关节中，所述的销子座上还设有贯穿所述内关节和外关节用于与联动装置联动的中心销、与定位销对称设置的平衡销。
通过设置平衡销起到平衡作用，中心销可被联动装置带动，从而带动销子座运动，销子座运动间接带动定位销运动。
在上述的一种多功能梯关节中，所述的联动装置包括设置于外关节侧部的中心套和设置于中心套内与其相抵且与锁止装置联动的限位弹簧，所述的限位弹簧始终与锁止装置保持相反的运动趋势。
由于限位弹簧始终与锁止装置保持相反的运动趋势，当锁紧状态解除后，且角度调整完毕，可移除解锁时施加给联动装置的外力，直接通过限位弹簧复位带动锁止装置往回运动，再次上锁。
在上述的一种多功能梯关节中，所述的中心套端部连接有便于手推的把手。通过设置把手便于使用者手推。
在上述的一种多功能梯关节中，所述的内关节端部与外关节端部分别设有用于连接梯架的连接孔。通过设置连接孔可以安装梯架。
与现有技术相比，本实用新型通过内关节上设置的限位结构使得内关节与外关节调整角度为最大角度时，可以直接相抵限位，然后再配合锁止装置锁定，无需在两个外关节之间增设销子进行限位，简化了安装步骤，避免了销子歪斜形变导致限位不准的情况发生，增加了关节的使用寿命；通过在内关节上朝两侧的外关节设置扩展部和顶压部，分散了受力情况，提高了内关节与外关节呈180度时的整体可靠性；通过在外关节上设置朝向内关节伸展的伸展部，增加受力面积，与顶压部配合改善受力情况。
附图说明
图1是本实用新型的立体结构示意图；
图2是本实用新型的爆炸图；
[根据细则91更正 25.01.2022]　
图中，1、内关节；2、外关节；21、伸展部；3、锁止装置；31、销子组；311、定位销；3111、制动口；312、弹性制动部；3121、制动弹簧；3122、制动球体；313、销子座；314、中心销；315、平衡销；32、触发部；321、弧边；4、联动装置；41、中心套；42、限位弹簧；5、限位结构；51、扩展部；52、顶压部；6、销孔；7、把手；8、连接孔。
具体实施方式
以下是本实用新型的具体实施例并结合附图，对本实用新型的技术方案作进一步的描述，但本实用新型并不限于这些实施例。
如图1-2所示，本实用新型包括内关节1和分别设置于内关节1两侧的外关节2，所述内关节1与外关节2可绕两者重合部分周向转动，所述的外关节2一侧设有可穿入内关节1内从而限制内关节1与外关节2周向转动的锁止装置3，另一侧设有可带动所述锁止装置3穿出内关节1进行解锁的联动装置4，所述的内关节1上设有可与外关节2相抵并限制两者最大转动角度的限位结构5。
当多功能梯需要摆成人字梯时，可通过内关节1与外关节2相对转动适当角度，调整好角度后可通过锁止装置3来限制内关节1与外关节2继续周向转动，完成人字梯变换；当多功能梯需要调整内关节1与外关节2的角度时，需要先通过联动装置4带动锁止装置3穿出内关节1进行解锁；当多功能梯需要摆成一字梯时，通过内关节1上设置的限位结构5使得内关节1与外关节2调整角度为最大角度时，可以直接相抵限位，然后再配合锁止装置3锁定，无需在两个外关节2之间增设销子进行限位，简化了安装步骤，避免了销子歪斜形变导致限位不准的情况发生，增加了关节的使用寿命。
所述的限位结构5包括设置于内关节1上分别朝向两侧外关节2伸展的扩展部51和与所述扩展部51一体成型的顶压部52，所述的扩展部51与顶压部52截面呈倒钩状或三角形状，所述的顶压部52可与外关节2相抵，且相抵时内 关节1与外关节2呈180度。
通过在内关节1上朝两侧的外关节2设置扩展部51和顶压部52，分散了受力情况，提高了内关节1与外关节2呈180度时的整体可靠性。
所述的外关节2上设有朝向内关节1伸展的伸展部21，所述的伸展部21可与顶压部52相抵。通过在外关节2上设置朝向内关节1伸展的伸展部21，增加受力面积，与顶压部52配合改善受力情况。
所述的锁止装置3包括位于外关节2侧部可与联动装置4联动的销子组31和设置于内关节1上的触发部32，所述的销子组31包括销子座313和设置于销子座313上的定位销311，所述的定位销311分别与内关节1、外关节2轴向活动连接，且定位销311上设有可被触发部32顶压至其内部的弹性制动部312，所述的内关节1与外关节2上均设有供定位销311穿过的销孔6，且内关节1与外关节2之间还设有供弹性制动部312进行制动的空腔(图中未示出)。
锁紧状态下的弹性制动部312从定位销311上露出并卡接在空腔处，当内关节1与外关节2需要调整角度时，可先通过联动装置4带动销子组31向远离外关节2的一侧移动，即借助联动装置4带来的外力，弹性制动部312被触发部32顶压缩入定位销311内，无法卡接在空腔内，定位销311可从内关节1顺利穿出。
所述的弹性制动部312包括横向设置于定位销311内的制动弹簧3121和设置于制动弹簧3121上与其相抵的制动球体3122，所述的定位销311上还设有供制动球体3122部分露出的制动口3111。
制动球体3122被触发部32顶压时，可通过制动弹簧3121压缩，实现完全缩入定位销311内，定位销311便可轴向活动，反之制动球体3122不被触发部32顶压时，可通过制动弹簧3121的复位，实现部分伸出定位销311，卡接在空腔内，定位销311被轴向锁定。
所述的触发部32为板体，触发部32上设有可与制动球体3122相抵触的弧边321。由于触发部32随内关节1一起运动，其运动轨迹为弧形，因此通过设置弧边321保证内关节1在所需调整角度的运动轨迹范围内可以始终与制动球体3122相抵触。
所述的销子座313上还设有贯穿所述内关节1和外关节2用于与联动装置4 联动的中心销314、与定位销311对称设置的平衡销315。通过设置平衡销315起到平衡作用，中心销314可被联动装置4带动，从而带动销子座313运动，销子座313运动间接带动定位销311运动。
所述的联动装置4包括设置于外关节2侧部的中心套41和设置于中心套41内与其相抵且与锁止装置联动的限位弹簧42，所述的限位弹簧42始终与锁止装置保持相反的运动趋势。由于限位弹簧42始终与锁止装置保持相反的运动趋势，当锁紧状态解除后，且角度调整完毕，可移除解锁时施加给联动装置4的外力，直接通过限位弹簧42复位带动锁止装置往回运动，再次上锁。
所述的中心套41端部连接有便于手推的把手7。通过设置把手7便于使用者手推。所述的内关节1端部与外关节2端部分别设有用于连接梯架的连接孔8。通过设置连接孔8可以安装梯架。
本实用新型工作原理：本实用新型安装于梯子上，当内关节1与外关节2从锁定状态转为解锁状态时，通过手推把手7带动中心套41运动，中心套41运动挤压与其相抵的限位弹簧42，限位弹簧42带动中心销314运动，中心销314运动带动销子座313和定位销311朝远离外关节2的一侧运动，原先卡接于空腔处的制动球体3122被触发部32挤压，使其与制动弹簧3121一起缩进定位销311内部，定位销311可以从内关节1顺利穿出，完成解锁，此时可以调整内关节1与外关节2形成的角度，调整完成后松开把手7，限位弹簧42复位带动中心销314往回运动，中心销314运动带动销子座313和定位销311朝靠近外关节2的一侧运动，定位销311上的制动球体3122被触发部32挤压，使其于制动弹簧3121一起缩进定位销311内部，定位销311可以顺利穿入内关节1，然后制动弹簧3121复位使得制动球体3122卡接在空腔处，完成锁止；当调整角度为180度时，内关节1上的顶压部52与外关节2上的伸展部21相抵，两者相抵后再松开把手7使得锁止装置3进行锁止。
本实用新型通过内关节1上设置的限位结构5使得内关节1与外关节2调整角度为最大角度时，可以直接相抵限位，然后再配合锁止装置3锁定，无需在两个外关节2之间增设销子进行限位，简化了安装步骤，避免了销子歪斜形变导致限位不准的情况发生，增加了关节的使用寿命；通过在内关节1上朝两侧的外关节2设置扩展部51和顶压部52，分散了受力情况，提高了内关节1与 外关节2呈180度时的整体可靠性；通过在外关节2上设置朝向内关节1伸展的伸展部21，增加受力面积，与顶压部52配合改善受力情况。
本文中所描述的具体实施例仅仅是对本实用新型精神作举例说明。本实用新型所属技术领域的技术人员可以对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代，但并不会偏离本实用新型的精神或者超越所附权利要求书所定义的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种多功能梯关节，其特征在于：包括内关节(1)和分别设置于内关节(1)两侧的外关节(2)，所述内关节(1)与外关节(2)可绕两者重合部分周向转动，所述的外关节(2)一侧设有可穿入内关节(1)内从而限制内关节(1)与外关节(2)周向转动的锁止装置(3)，另一侧设有可带动所述锁止装置(3)穿出内关节(1)进行解锁的联动装置(4)，所述的内关节(1)上设有可与外关节(2)相抵并限制两者最大转动角度的限位结构(5)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种多功能梯关节，其特征在于：所述的限位结构(5)包括设置于内关节(1)上分别朝向两侧外关节(2)伸展的扩展部(51)和与所述扩展部(51)一体成型的顶压部(52)，所述的扩展部(51)与顶压部(52)截面呈倒钩状或三角形状，所述的顶压部(52)可与外关节(2)相抵，且相抵时内关节(1)与外关节(2)呈180度，此时所述的锁止装置(3)不起限制作用。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种多功能梯关节，其特征在于：所述的外关节(2)上设有朝向内关节(1)伸展的伸展部(21)，所述的伸展部(21)可与顶压部(52)相抵。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2或3所述的一种多功能梯关节，其特征在于：所述的锁止装置(3)包括位于外关节(2)侧部可与联动装置(4)联动的销子组(31)和设置于内关节(1)上的触发部(32)，所述的销子组(31)包括销子座(313)和设置于销子座(313)上的定位销(311)，所述的定位销(311)分别与内关节(1)、外关节(2)轴向活动连接，且定位销(311)上设有可被触发部(32)顶压至其内部的弹性制动部(312)，所述的内关节(1)与外关节(2)上均设有供定位销(311)穿过的销孔(6)，且内关节(1)与外关节(2)之间还设有供弹性制动部(312)进行制动的空腔。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种多功能梯关节，其特征在于：所述的弹性制动部(312)包括横向设置于定位销(311)内的制动弹簧(3121)和设置于制动弹簧(3121)上与其相抵的制动球体(3122)，所述的定位销(311)上还设有供制动球体(3122)部分露出的制动口(3111)。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种多功能梯关节，其特征在于：所述的触发部(32)为板体，触发部(32)上设有可与制动球体(3122)相抵触的弧边(321)。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的一种多功能梯关节，其特征在于：所述的销子座(313)上还设有贯穿所述内关节(1)和外关节(2)用于与联动装置(4)联动的中心销(314)、与定位销(311)对称设置的平衡销(315)。
  8. 根据权利要求1或2或3所述的一种多功能梯关节，其特征在于：所述的联动装置(4)包括设置于外关节(2)侧部的中心套(41)和设置于中心套(41)内与其相抵且与锁止装置联动的限位弹簧(42)，所述的限位弹簧(42)始终与锁止装置保持相反的运动趋势。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种多功能梯关节，其特征在于：所述的中心套(41)端部连接有便于手推的把手(7)。
  10. 根据权利要求1或2或3所述的一种多功能梯关节，其特征在于：所述的内关节(1)端部与外关节(2)端部分别设有用于连接梯架的连接孔(8)。
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