WO2022143503A1 - 扬声器及电子设备 - Google Patents

扬声器及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022143503A1
WO2022143503A1 PCT/CN2021/141538 CN2021141538W WO2022143503A1 WO 2022143503 A1 WO2022143503 A1 WO 2022143503A1 CN 2021141538 W CN2021141538 W CN 2021141538W WO 2022143503 A1 WO2022143503 A1 WO 2022143503A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
piezoelectric
diaphragm
piezoelectric sheet
speaker
base
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Application number
PCT/CN2021/141538
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
于利刚
黎椿键
刘石磊
辜磊
秦仁轩
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2022143503A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022143503A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R17/00Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/16Mounting or tensioning of diaphragms or cones
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02Details

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of electronic technologies, and in particular, to a speaker and an electronic device.
  • piezoelectric speakers Compared with traditional moving coil speakers, piezoelectric speakers have the advantages of being small, thin, light, and free of magnetic field interference, and are widely used in electronic devices such as mobile phones, computers, and multimedia players.
  • a piezoelectric speaker includes a piezoelectric sheet and a vibrating film stacked with the piezoelectric sheet.
  • the piezoelectric sheet vibrates under the drive of a driving voltage, which drives the vibrating film to vibrate, so as to realize the sound of the speaker.
  • the piezoelectric sheet and the vibrating membrane are stacked, and the piezoelectric sheet acts on the vibrating membrane as a bending moment, which makes the vibration of the vibrating membrane uneven, and the rolling vibration phenomenon is obvious, which reduces the acoustic performance of the speaker.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a loudspeaker and an electronic device including the loudspeaker.
  • the loudspeaker includes a piezoelectric sheet, a vibrating membrane, and a transmission member fixedly connected between the piezoelectric sheet and the vibrating membrane, and the vibration generated by the piezoelectric sheet is transmitted through the transmission member. It is transmitted to the diaphragm, reducing the rolling vibration of the diaphragm, thereby improving the acoustic performance of the loudspeaker.
  • the present application discloses a loudspeaker.
  • the speaker includes a base, a plurality of piezoelectric sheets, a plurality of transmission parts and a diaphragm.
  • Each of the piezoelectric sheets includes a fixed end and a floating end. The fixed end of each piezoelectric sheet is fixed on the base, and the suspended end of each piezoelectric sheet is suspended on the inner side of the base.
  • a plurality of the piezoelectric sheets are staggered and arranged.
  • the plurality of transmission members are fixed to the suspended ends of the plurality of piezoelectric sheets in one-to-one correspondence, and are all fixedly connected to the middle of the diaphragm, and the periphery of the diaphragm is fixedly connected to the base.
  • the loudspeaker vibrates through the piezoelectric sheet disposed on the base, and then drives the diaphragm to vibrate through the transmission element.
  • the piezoelectric sheet and the transmission element form a cantilever beam structure in the base, and the loudspeaker has better acoustic performance.
  • the number of transmission members and piezoelectric sheets is multiple, and each piezoelectric sheet is provided with a transmission member that is fixedly connected to the diaphragm, and the vibration generated by each piezoelectric sheet is transmitted to the vibration through the corresponding transmission member.
  • the membrane enables the speaker to realize a plurality of piezoelectric cantilever beam structures, which is beneficial to increase the vibration amplitude of the diaphragm, thereby improving the acoustic performance of the speaker.
  • the plurality of piezoelectric sheets include a first piezoelectric sheet and a second piezoelectric sheet.
  • the extending direction of the first piezoelectric sheet intersects with the extending direction of the second piezoelectric sheet.
  • the extending direction of the first piezoelectric sheet intersects with the extending direction of the second piezoelectric sheet, so as to avoid that the extending direction of the first piezoelectric sheet is opposite to the extending direction of the second piezoelectric sheet, causing the first piezoelectric sheet to
  • the lateral vibration displacements of the electric sheet and the second piezoelectric sheet are mutually locked, so that the first piezoelectric sheet and the second piezoelectric sheet can vibrate effectively, thereby improving the reliability of the speaker.
  • the extending direction of the first piezoelectric sheet is perpendicular to the extending direction of the second piezoelectric sheet.
  • the extension direction of the first piezoelectric sheet is perpendicular to the extension direction of the second piezoelectric sheet, and the interference between the lateral vibration of the first piezoelectric sheet and the lateral vibration of the second piezoelectric sheet is small, thereby further dramatically improve the acoustic performance of the speaker.
  • the base includes a first side wall and a second side wall which are adjacent and intersect.
  • the fixed end of the first piezoelectric sheet is fixed on the first side wall
  • the fixed end of the second piezoelectric sheet is fixed on the second side wall.
  • the base is substantially rectangular, that is, the angle formed by the first side wall and the second side wall is 9 degrees.
  • the base can also have other shapes, and the angle formed by the first side wall and the second side wall can also be other angles, which are not limited in the present application.
  • the first piezoelectric sheet and the second piezoelectric sheet are respectively fixed to two side walls adjacent to and intersecting with the base, so as to avoid the first piezoelectric sheet and the second piezoelectric sheet being respectively fixed to the base opposite to each other.
  • the two side walls cause the lateral vibration displacement of the first piezoelectric sheet and the second piezoelectric sheet to be locked with each other, so that the first piezoelectric sheet and the second piezoelectric sheet can vibrate effectively, thereby improving the reliability of the speaker .
  • the driving signals of the first piezoelectric sheet and the second piezoelectric sheet are the same.
  • the driving voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode in the first piezoelectric sheet is the same as the driving voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode in the second piezoelectric sheet.
  • the shape of the first piezoelectric sheet is different from the shape of the second piezoelectric sheet.
  • the size of the first piezoelectric sheet is different from the size of the second piezoelectric sheet.
  • the length of the first piezoelectric sheet is different from the length of the second piezoelectric sheet.
  • the dimension in the extending direction of the first piezoelectric sheet is the length direction of the first piezoelectric sheet.
  • the dimension in the extending direction of the second piezoelectric sheet is the longitudinal direction of the second piezoelectric sheet.
  • the width of the first piezoelectric sheet may also be different from the width of the second piezoelectric sheet, which is not limited in the present application.
  • the shape of the first piezoelectric sheet is different from that of the second piezoelectric sheet, the first piezoelectric sheet and the second piezoelectric sheet have different resonance frequencies, and the frequency response of the first piezoelectric sheet is different from that of the second piezoelectric sheet.
  • the frequency responses of the piezoelectric sheets can complement each other, broaden the bandwidth of the loudspeaker acoustic signal, reduce the defects of the frequency response bandwidth, and thus improve the acoustic performance of the loudspeaker.
  • the shape of the first piezoelectric sheet is different from that of the second piezoelectric sheet, and the transmission member fixed to the first piezoelectric sheet and the transmission member fixed to the second piezoelectric sheet are located at different positions of the speaker, which is beneficial to The peaks and valleys of the diaphragm complement each other during vibration, thereby improving the acoustic performance of the loudspeaker.
  • the material used for the first piezoelectric sheet is different from the material used for the second piezoelectric sheet.
  • the material used for the first piezoelectric sheet is different from the material used for the second piezoelectric sheet, the first piezoelectric sheet and the second piezoelectric sheet have different resonance frequencies, the frequency response of the first piezoelectric sheet and the The frequency responses of the second piezoelectric sheets can complement each other, thus broadening the bandwidth of the acoustic signal of the loudspeaker, reducing the defect of the frequency response bandwidth, thereby improving the acoustic performance of the loudspeaker.
  • the material used for the first piezoelectric sheet is the same as the material used for the second piezoelectric sheet, and the piezoelectric material with better piezoelectric performance is used as an example to describe, by adjusting the first piezoelectric sheet and the size or shape of the second piezoelectric sheet to achieve modulation of the frequency response.
  • the plurality of piezoelectric sheets further include a third piezoelectric sheet.
  • the fixed end of the third piezoelectric sheet is fixed on the second side wall, and the extending direction of the third piezoelectric sheet is the same as the extending direction of the second piezoelectric sheet.
  • the fixed end of the third piezoelectric sheet is fixed to the first side wall, and the extending direction of the third piezoelectric sheet is the same as the extending direction of the first piezoelectric sheet.
  • the plurality of piezoelectric sheets further include a third piezoelectric sheet, the extension direction of the third piezoelectric sheet is the same as that of the first piezoelectric sheet or the second piezoelectric sheet, and the third piezoelectric sheet is the same as the extension direction of the first piezoelectric sheet or the second piezoelectric sheet.
  • the piezoelectric sheet nor the second piezoelectric sheet are disposed opposite to each other, so as to prevent the vibration of the third piezoelectric sheet and the first piezoelectric sheet or the second piezoelectric sheet from interlocking with each other, thereby improving the acoustic performance of the speaker.
  • the speaker further includes a cover body, a plurality of piezoelectric elements, a plurality of connecting elements, and a matching diaphragm.
  • the piezoelectric element includes a fixed end and a suspended end, the fixed end of each piezoelectric element is fixed to the cover body, and the suspended end of each piezoelectric element is suspended inside the cover body.
  • the plurality of connecting pieces are fixed to the floating ends of the plurality of piezoelectric pieces in a one-to-one correspondence, and are all fixedly connected to the middle of the matching diaphragm.
  • a plurality of piezoelectric elements and a plurality of connecting elements form a cantilever beam structure.
  • the number of piezoelectric elements is the same as the number of piezoelectric sheets, so that the vibrations generated by the multiple piezoelectric sheets match the vibrations generated by the multiple piezoelectric elements, which is beneficial to improve the acoustic performance of the speaker.
  • the number of piezoelectric elements may also be different from the number of piezoelectric sheets, which is not limited in this application.
  • the number of piezoelectric elements is greater than the number of piezoelectric sheets, or the number of piezoelectric elements is smaller than the number of piezoelectric sheets.
  • the plurality of piezoelectric elements include a first piezoelectric element and a second piezoelectric element, and an extension direction of the first piezoelectric element intersects an extension direction of the second piezoelectric element.
  • the periphery of the matching diaphragm is fixedly connected to the cover body, and the cover body is fixedly connected to the base.
  • a front cavity or a back cavity of the speaker is formed between the matching diaphragm and the diaphragm.
  • the loudspeaker is further provided with a matching diaphragm corresponding to the diaphragm, and the vibration generated by the diaphragm along the thickness direction of the loudspeaker can cancel each other out with the vibration generated by the matching diaphragm along the thickness direction of the loudspeaker. The impact of the vibration of the speaker on the electronic equipment.
  • the base includes a bottom wall and a side wall surrounding the bottom wall.
  • the bottom wall of the base and the side wall of the base are enclosed to form the inner side of the base.
  • the fixed end of the piezoelectric sheet and the periphery of the vibrating film are fixedly connected to the side wall of the base.
  • the piezoelectric sheet is located between the diaphragm and the bottom wall of the base.
  • the piezoelectric sheet fixed on the side wall of the base is the fixed end of the piezoelectric sheet, and the piezoelectric sheet located inside the base is the floating end of the piezoelectric sheet.
  • the cover body includes a top wall and a peripheral side wall surrounding the top wall.
  • the top wall of the cover body and the peripheral side walls of the cover body are surrounded to form the inner side of the cover body.
  • the fixed end of the piezoelectric element and the peripheral edge of the matching diaphragm are both fixedly connected to the peripheral side wall of the cover body.
  • the piezoelectric element is located between the matching diaphragm and the top wall of the cover, and a front cavity of the speaker is formed between the matching diaphragm and the diaphragm.
  • the diaphragm is located on the side of the piezoelectric sheet away from the bottom wall of the base, the matching diaphragm is located on the side of the piezoelectric element away from the top wall of the cover, and the front cavity of the speaker is formed between the diaphragm and the matching diaphragm. , so that the speaker can form a single-port sound effect.
  • the speaker further includes a frame, and the frame is fixedly connected between the base and the cover.
  • the frame is provided with a sound outlet, and the sound outlet communicates with the front cavity.
  • the frame may be provided with notches or through holes to form sound holes.
  • the sound outlet is connected to the front cavity, and the sound outlet is used to transmit the sound signal generated by the speaker.
  • a frame is provided by the second unit, and a gap is formed on the frame to form a sound outlet, so that the sound outlet is located on the side of the speaker.
  • the sound outlet hole can also be located on other components of the second unit, and the sound outlet hole can also be located on the side of the first unit, which is not limited in the present application.
  • the base includes a bottom wall and a side wall surrounding the bottom wall.
  • the fixed end of the piezoelectric sheet and the periphery of the vibrating film are fixedly connected to the side wall of the base.
  • the diaphragm is located between the piezoelectric sheet and the bottom wall of the base.
  • the cover body includes a top wall and a peripheral side wall surrounding the top wall, and the fixed end of the piezoelectric element and the peripheral edge of the matching diaphragm are fixedly connected to the peripheral side wall of the cover body.
  • the matching diaphragm is located between the piezoelectric element and the top wall of the cover, and a back cavity of the speaker is formed between the matching diaphragm and the diaphragm.
  • the diaphragm is located on the side of the piezoelectric piece close to the bottom wall of the base, and the matching diaphragm is located on the side of the piezoelectric element close to the top wall of the cover, so that a loudspeaker sound is formed between the diaphragm and the matching diaphragm. dorsal cavity.
  • a side edge of the base is provided with a first sound outlet hole, and a first front cavity is formed between the base and the diaphragm.
  • the first front cavity communicates with the first sound outlet.
  • a side edge of the cover body is provided with a second sound outlet hole, a second front cavity is formed between the cover body and the matching diaphragm, and the second front cavity communicates with the second sound outlet hole.
  • a first front cavity is formed between the base and the vibrating membrane
  • the side of the base is provided with a first sound outlet that communicates with the first front cavity
  • a second front cavity is formed between the cover body and the matching vibrating membrane
  • the side of the cover body is provided with a second sound outlet which is communicated with the second front cavity, so that the speaker can achieve the effect of producing more sound.
  • the plurality of piezoelectric sheets form a first piezoelectric unit
  • the plurality of piezoelectric elements form a second piezoelectric unit.
  • the structure of the first piezoelectric unit is the same as that of the second piezoelectric unit.
  • the plurality of piezoelectric elements further include a third piezoelectric element and a fourth piezoelectric element.
  • the extending direction of the first piezoelectric element is the same as the extending direction of the first piezoelectric sheet.
  • the extending direction of the second piezoelectric element is the same as the extending direction of the second piezoelectric sheet.
  • Both the extending direction of the third piezoelectric element and the extending direction of the fourth piezoelectric element are the same as the extending direction of the second piezoelectric element.
  • the projection of the first piezoelectric element on the diaphragm and the projection of the first piezoelectric sheet on the diaphragm are symmetrical with respect to the width direction of the speaker.
  • the projection of the third piezoelectric element on the diaphragm and the projection of the third piezoelectric sheet on the diaphragm are symmetrical with respect to the width direction of the speaker.
  • the width direction of the speaker is parallel to the extending direction of the first piezoelectric sheet.
  • the structure of the first piezoelectric unit formed by a plurality of piezoelectric sheets is the same as the structure of the second piezoelectric unit formed by a plurality of piezoelectric elements, and the first piezoelectric unit and the second piezoelectric unit can adopt The same structural design not only saves the assembly process of the second piezoelectric unit, but also saves the material cost of the speaker. It can be understood that the plurality of piezoelectric elements in the second unit can be obtained after the plurality of piezoelectric sheets in the first unit are turned over by 180 degrees.
  • the plurality of piezoelectric sheets form a first piezoelectric unit
  • the plurality of piezoelectric elements form a second piezoelectric unit.
  • the structure of the first piezoelectric unit and the structure of the second piezoelectric unit are mirror-symmetrical structures, and the symmetry plane is parallel to the diaphragm.
  • each piezoelectric sheet overlaps with the orthographic projection of the corresponding piezoelectric element on the base.
  • the structure of the first piezoelectric unit and the structure of the second piezoelectric unit are mirror-symmetrical structures, and the symmetry plane is parallel to the diaphragm, so that the upper and lower piezoelectric units are completely symmetrical, which further reduces the size of each piezoelectric sheet And the impact of each piezoelectric element on electronic equipment.
  • the diaphragm includes a diaphragm body and a ring portion.
  • the inner side of the folded ring portion is connected to the periphery of the diaphragm body, and the outer side of the folded ring portion is connected to the base.
  • the middle portion of the ring portion protrudes in a first direction relative to the diaphragm body.
  • the first direction is parallel to the thickness direction of the speaker, and the plurality of transmission members are fixedly connected to the diaphragm body.
  • the matching diaphragm includes a diaphragm body and a folded ring portion.
  • the inner side of the folded ring portion is connected to the periphery of the diaphragm body, and the outer side of the folded ring portion is connected to the cover body.
  • the middle part of the diaphragm protrudes in the second direction relative to the diaphragm body.
  • the diaphragm includes a diaphragm body and a folded ring portion protruding from the diaphragm body, and the folded ring portion is provided with a deformation allowance in the thickness direction perpendicular to the speaker, which effectively improves the radial stiffness of the diaphragm , which improves the rolling vibration of the diaphragm in the loudspeaker, thereby reducing the distortion of the loudspeaker and improving the acoustic performance of the loudspeaker.
  • the second direction is opposite to the first direction
  • the projection of the folded ring portion in the diaphragm on the base is in the same direction as the folded ring portion in the matching diaphragm.
  • the projections on the base at least partially overlap.
  • the folded ring portion in the diaphragm and the folded ring portion in the matching diaphragm are disposed in the opposite direction.
  • the protruding direction of the folded ring portion in the diaphragm is opposite to the protruding direction of the folded ring portion in the matching diaphragm, which is beneficial for the vibration generated by the diaphragm along the thickness direction of the loudspeaker to be able to match the direction of the vibration generated by the matching diaphragm.
  • the vibrations in the thickness direction of the speaker cancel each other, reducing the impact of the vibration of the speaker on the electronic device.
  • the folded ring part of the matching diaphragm and the folded ring part of the diaphragm are arranged directly opposite to each other, which further effectively cancels the vibration generated by the diaphragm and the matching diaphragm in the thickness direction of the speaker, thus greatly reducing the loudspeaker. Vibration shocks to electronic equipment.
  • the speaker further includes a cover.
  • the cover body is fixed above the base.
  • a back cavity is formed between the base and the vibrating membrane, a front cavity is formed between the cover body and the vibrating membrane, and the cover body is provided with a sound outlet communicating with the front cavity.
  • a front cavity is formed between the cover and the diaphragm in the speaker, and the cover is provided with a sound outlet communicating with the front cavity, so that the sound signal generated by the speaker is transmitted to the outside of the speaker through the sound hole.
  • At least one of the plurality of piezoelectric sheets includes a first portion and a second portion.
  • One end of the first part away from the second part is the fixed end of the piezoelectric sheet, one end of the first part close to the second part and the second part are the suspended end of the piezoelectric sheet,
  • the extending direction of the first part is the same as the extending direction of the second part.
  • the first part adopts piezoelectric material, and the material density of the second part is lower than that of the first part.
  • the piezoelectric sheet includes a first part using piezoelectric material and a second part using non-piezoelectric material, which reduces the length of the part using piezoelectric material in the piezoelectric sheet, which is beneficial to improve the amplitude of the piezoelectric sheet.
  • the material density of the second part is smaller than that of the first part, which increases the resonance frequency of the piezoelectric sheet.
  • the first part and the second part are fixedly connected by means of adhesive.
  • the present application does not limit the fixed connection manner of the first part and the second part.
  • the second part is made of hard material, so that the vibration generated by the first part can be effectively transmitted to the diaphragm through the second part and the transmission member.
  • the second part is made of rigid and lightweight material.
  • the material used in the second part may be a light metal material or a high polymer material, which is not limited in this application.
  • the materials used in the second part include but are not limited to aluminum, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethacrylimide (PMI) or polyurethane (PU). )Wait.
  • the second part includes a first board surface, a second board surface and an end side surface.
  • the first board surface and the second board surface are arranged opposite to each other, and the end side surface is connected between the first board surface and the second board surface.
  • the end side surface is an inclined surface or a stepped surface, and the first part is connected to the end side surface.
  • the end side surface used for fixing the connection of the first part is an inclined surface or a stepped surface
  • the area of the end side surface is increased without increasing the thickness of the first part and the second part
  • the fixing of the first part and the second part is increased.
  • the connection area is increased, thereby improving the overall reliability of the piezoelectric sheet.
  • the end surface of the second part is a stepped surface.
  • the end side surface may also have other shapes, which are not limited in the present application.
  • the speaker further includes a first electrode and a second electrode, and the first electrode and the second electrode are both fixed to the fixed end of the piezoelectric sheet.
  • the piezoelectric sheet receives a driving voltage through the first electrode and the second electrode.
  • the first electrode and the second electrode have low stiffness and good ductility, which can ensure sufficient ductility during the vibration of the piezoelectric sheet.
  • the piezoelectric sheet is located on the inner side of the base, and the piezoelectric sheet is not exposed relative to the base, that is, the piezoelectric sheet does not extend to the outside of the base, which is beneficial to reduce the volume of the speaker.
  • the present application also provides a loudspeaker.
  • the speaker includes a base, a piezoelectric sheet, a transmission member and a diaphragm, the piezoelectric sheet includes a fixed end and a suspended end, the fixed ends of the piezoelectric sheet are all fixed on the base, and the suspended end of the piezoelectric sheet is suspended Placed on the inner side of the base, the transmission member is fixed on the suspended end of the piezoelectric sheet, and is fixedly connected to the middle of the diaphragm, and the periphery of the diaphragm is fixedly connected to the base.
  • the piezoelectric sheet includes a first part and a second part, one end of the first part away from the second part is the fixed end of the piezoelectric sheet, and one end of the first part close to the second part and The second part is the suspended end of the piezoelectric sheet, and the extending direction of the first part is the same as the extending direction of the second part.
  • the first part adopts piezoelectric material, and the material density of the second part is lower than that of the first part.
  • the piezoelectric sheet includes a first part using piezoelectric material and a second part using non-piezoelectric material, which reduces the length of the part using piezoelectric material in the piezoelectric sheet, which is beneficial to improve the amplitude of the piezoelectric sheet.
  • the material density of the second part is smaller than that of the first part, which increases the resonance frequency of the piezoelectric sheet.
  • the second part includes a first board surface, a second board surface and an end side surface.
  • the first board surface and the second board surface are arranged opposite to each other, and the end side surface is connected between the first board surface and the second board surface.
  • the end side surface is an inclined surface or a stepped surface, and the first part is connected to the end side surface.
  • the end side surface used for fixing the connection of the first part is an inclined surface or a stepped surface
  • the area of the end side surface is increased without increasing the thickness of the first part and the second part
  • the fixing of the first part and the second part is increased.
  • the connection area is increased, thereby improving the overall reliability of the piezoelectric sheet.
  • the end surface of the second part is a stepped surface.
  • the end side surface may also have other shapes, which are not limited in the present application.
  • the present application further provides an electronic device.
  • An electronic device includes a housing and a speaker as described above, the speaker being mounted to the housing.
  • the above-mentioned loudspeaker is used in the electronic device, and the loudspeaker has high acoustic performance, which improves the quality of the electronic device.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial structural schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a speaker provided in an embodiment of the present application in Embodiment 1;
  • Fig. 3 is the partial exploded structure schematic diagram of the loudspeaker shown in Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 4 is the exploded structure schematic diagram of the first unit shown in Fig. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of the second unit shown in FIG. 3 in the first implementation manner
  • Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure shown in Figure 2 along the line A-A;
  • Figure 7 is a top view of the base and the piezoelectric sheet shown in Figure 4;
  • Fig. 8 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the second unit shown in Fig. 5;
  • Fig. 9 is the top view of the structure shown in Fig. 8.
  • FIG. 10 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the second unit shown in FIG. 3 in a second implementation manner
  • Figure 11 is a top view of the structure shown in Figure 10;
  • FIG. 12 is a partial cross-sectional schematic view of the structure shown in FIG. 2 in a second implementation along the line A-A;
  • FIG. 13 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the speaker shown in FIG. 2 in a third implementation manner
  • Figure 14 is a top view of the structure shown in Figure 13;
  • FIG. 15 is a plan view of a partial structure of the speaker shown in FIG. 2 in a fourth implementation manner
  • FIG. 16 is a partial structural diagram of the speaker shown in FIG. 2 in a fifth implementation manner
  • Fig. 17 is a schematic side view of the piezoelectric sheet and the transmission member shown in Fig. 16 in one embodiment
  • Fig. 18 is a schematic side view of the piezoelectric sheet and the transmission member shown in Fig. 16 in another embodiment
  • Fig. 19 is another partial structural schematic diagram of the speaker shown in Fig. 2 in the fifth implementation manner;
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of the speaker shown in FIG. 1 in Embodiment 2;
  • Fig. 21 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the structure shown in Fig. 20;
  • Figure 22 is a top view of the structure shown in Figure 21;
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic structural diagram of the speaker provided in the embodiment of the present application in Embodiment 3;
  • Fig. 24 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the speaker shown in Fig. 23;
  • Figure 25 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the speaker shown in Figure 23;
  • Figure 26 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure shown in Figure 23 along the line B-B;
  • FIG. 27 is a schematic structural diagram of a speaker provided in an embodiment of the present application in Embodiment 4.
  • Fig. 28 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the loudspeaker shown in Fig. 27;
  • Figure 29 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the speaker shown in Figure 27;
  • Figure 30 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure shown in Figure 27 along the C-C line;
  • FIG. 31 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the speaker provided in the embodiment of the present application in Embodiment 5;
  • FIG. 32 is a plan view of a partial structure of the speaker provided in the embodiment of the present application in Embodiment 6;
  • Fig. 34 is the enlarged structural schematic diagram of part D shown in Fig. 33;
  • FIG. 35 is a plan view of a partial structure of the speaker provided in the embodiment of the present application in the seventh embodiment.
  • connection mentioned in this application may be a direct connection or an indirect connection, which is not limited in this application.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial structural schematic diagram of an electronic device 1000 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the width direction of the electronic device 1000 is defined as the direction X in the illustration
  • the length direction of the electronic device 1000 is the direction Y in the illustration
  • the thickness direction of the electronic device 1000 is the direction Z in the illustration.
  • the width direction X of the electronic device 1000 , the length direction Y of the electronic device 1000 , and the thickness direction X of the electronic device 1000 are perpendicular to each other.
  • the electronic device 1000 may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a wearable device, a loudspeaker, a stereo, an earphone, or other products with broadcasting functions.
  • the wearable device may be a smart bracelet, a smart watch, augmented reality (AR) glasses, virtual reality (virtual reality, VR) glasses, and the like.
  • AR augmented reality
  • VR virtual reality
  • Electronic device 1000 includes housing assembly 100 and speaker assembly 200 .
  • the speaker assembly 200 is mounted on the housing assembly 10 .
  • the speaker assembly 200 can convert electrical signals into sound signals for outputting audio signals.
  • the speaker assembly 200 includes a first speaker 2001 and a second speaker 2002 . Both the first speaker 2001 and the second speaker 2002 are used for outputting audio signals.
  • the first speaker 2001 and the second speaker 2002 are respectively located at opposite ends of the electronic device 1000 .
  • the first speaker 2001 is located at the top of the electronic device 1000
  • the second speaker 2002 is located at the bottom of the electronic device 1000 .
  • the first speaker 2001 is used to implement the call of the electronic device 1000
  • the second speaker 2002 is used to implement the audio playback of the electronic device 1000 .
  • the first speaker 2001 for transmitting the voice of the user at the calling end and the second speaker 2002 for realizing the audio playback function are of different structures, so that the electronic device 1000 can also realize the audio playback when it is in a call state, which increases the number of electronic devices.
  • Application scenarios of device 1000 For example, the user can also use the electronic device 1000 to watch a video while making a call using the electronic device 1000. At this time, the user can obtain not only the voice of the calling terminal, but also the voice of the video.
  • the electronic device 1000 including two speakers (a first speaker 2001 and a second speaker 2002 ) as an example.
  • the number of speakers in the electronic device 1000 can also be single or more than two, which is not limited in this application.
  • the electronic device 1000 may only include a single speaker.
  • the present application does not limit the specific positions of the first speaker 2001 and the second speaker 2002 in the electronic device 1000 .
  • the first speaker 2001 and the second speaker 2002 are respectively located at the top and bottom of the electronic device 1000 as an example for description.
  • the first speaker 2001 and the second speaker 2002 can also be located at other locations of the electronic device 1000 .
  • both the first speaker 2001 and the second speaker 2002 are located above the keyboard structure in the notebook computer.
  • the housing assembly 100 is provided with a first sound outlet channel 3001 and a second sound outlet channel 3002 .
  • the first sound channel 3001 is located at the top of the electronic device 1000, and is used to transmit the sound signal emitted by the first speaker 2001 to the outside of the electronic device 1000.
  • the second sound channel 3002 is located at the bottom of the electronic device 1000 and is used for transmitting the sound signal emitted by the second speaker 2002 to the outside of the electronic device 1000 .
  • the application does not limit the specific structures of the first sound output channel 3001 and the second sound output channel 3002, and those skilled in the art can design the shapes of the first sound output channel 3001 and the second sound output channel 3002 according to actual needs.
  • the first sound outlet channel 3001 is located at the top of the housing assembly 100.
  • the opening of the first sound outlet channel 3001 is closer to the user's ear, so that the user can effectively Acquiring the sound signal of the first speaker 2001 from the first sound output channel 3001 is beneficial to improve the call effect of the electronic device 1000 .
  • the second sound outlet channel 3002 is located at the bottom of the casing assembly 100, and the opening direction is located at the side of the casing assembly 100, which not only reduces the number of openings on the front of the electronic device 1000, but also improves the appearance of the electronic device 1000.
  • the opening of the second sound outlet channel 3002 is prevented from being blocked when the electronic device 1000 is placed normally, thereby improving the practicability of the electronic device 1000 .
  • the first sound output channel 3001 and/or the second sound output channel 3002 may also be provided in or partially provided in other components of the electronic device 1000, such as a screen.
  • the speakers (10/20/30/40/50/60/70) provided by the present application will be introduced below through Embodiments 1 to 7.
  • the electronic device 1000 provided by the present application includes at least one speaker (10/20/30/40/50/60/70) provided by the present application. "At least one" includes one and more than one.
  • the second speaker 2002 in FIG. 1 adopts the speaker (10/20/30/40/50/60/70) provided by the present application as an example for description.
  • the speakers (10/20/30/40/50/60/70) provided by the present application can also be applied to the first loudspeaker 2001 of the electronic device 1000 in FIG. 1 , which is not limited in the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the speaker 10 provided by the embodiment of the present application in the first embodiment.
  • the speaker 10 includes a first surface 101 , a second surface 102 and a peripheral side surface 103 .
  • the first surface 101 and the second surface 102 are disposed opposite to each other.
  • the peripheral side surface 103 is connected between the first surface 101 and the second surface 102 .
  • the speaker 10 is provided with a sound outlet 104 .
  • the sound outlet 104 is used to communicate with the sound outlet channel in the electronic device, so that the sound signal generated inside the speaker 10 is transmitted to the outside of the electronic device through the sound outlet hole 104 and the sound outlet channel in sequence.
  • the opening of the sound outlet hole 104 is located on the peripheral side surface 103 . That is, the opening of the sound outlet hole 104 is located at the side of the speaker 10 .
  • the thickness direction of the speaker 10 is defined to be the same as the thickness direction of the electronic device.
  • the distance between the first surface 101 and the second surface 102 is the thickness of the speaker 10 .
  • the Z direction indicates the thickness direction of the speaker 10
  • the X direction indicates the length direction of the speaker 10
  • the Y direction indicates the width direction of the speaker 10 .
  • the opening of the sound hole 104 in the speaker 10 is located on the peripheral side 103 of the speaker 10.
  • the thickness direction of the speaker 10 is the same as the thickness direction of the electronic device, which avoids
  • the opening of the sound outlet 104 is located on the first surface 101 or the second surface 102, the length or width of the speaker 10 occupies a larger dimension in the thickness direction of the electronic device, thereby reducing the thickness of the electronic device.
  • the opening of the sound outlet 104 of the speaker 10 can also be located on the first surface 101 or the second surface 102 , which is not limited in the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a partially exploded structure of the speaker 10 shown in FIG. 2 ;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of the first unit 11 shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the speaker 10 includes a first unit 11 and a second unit 12 mounted to the first unit 11 .
  • the first unit 11 and the second unit 12 are mutually matching units, that is, the second unit 12 is a matching unit of the first unit 11 , and the first unit 11 is also a matching unit of the second unit 12 .
  • This embodiment is described by taking the second unit 12 as the matching unit of the first unit 11 as an example.
  • the first unit 11 includes a base 111 , a piezoelectric sheet 112 , a transmission member 113 , a fixing ring 114 , a diaphragm 115 and a dome 116 .
  • the base 111 serves as the base of the speaker 10 .
  • the base 111 includes a bottom wall 111 a and a side wall 111 b disposed around the periphery of the bottom wall 111 a , and the bottom wall 111 a and the side wall 111 b together form an inner space of the base 111 .
  • the base 111 is a hard support, which can be made of metal, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymers (ABS) plastics and other materials, which are not limited in this application.
  • ABS acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymers
  • the piezoelectric sheet 112 acts as a pusher for the speaker 10 .
  • the piezoelectric sheet 112 includes a fixed end 112a and a floating end 112b.
  • the fixed end 112 a of the piezoelectric sheet 112 is fixed to the side wall 111 b of the base 111 , and the suspended end 112 b of the piezoelectric sheet 112 is suspended inside the base 111 .
  • the piezoelectric sheet 112 forms a cantilever beam structure.
  • the piezoelectric sheet 112 adopts piezoelectric material, for example, piezoelectric material such as lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric ceramic material, lithium niobate piezoelectric crystal material, aluminum nitride or zinc oxide, which is not limited in this application.
  • piezoelectric material such as lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric ceramic material, lithium niobate piezoelectric crystal material, aluminum nitride or zinc oxide, which is not limited in this application.
  • the shape of the piezoelectric sheet 112 in FIG. 3 is only an example, which is not limited in the present application.
  • the piezoelectric sheet 112 includes a first electrode 141 and a second electrode 142 .
  • the first electrode 141 and the second electrode 142 may serve as the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the piezoelectric sheet 112, respectively.
  • the first electrode 141 and the second electrode 142 are located at the fixed end 112 a of the piezoelectric sheet 112 .
  • the piezoelectric sheet 112 receives a driving voltage through the first electrode 141 and the second electrode 142 .
  • the first electrode 141 and the second electrode 142 have low stiffness and good ductility, which can ensure sufficient ductility during the vibration of the piezoelectric sheet 112 .
  • the shapes of the first electrode 141 and the second electrode 142 are designed in accordance with the piezoelectric sheet 112 .
  • the present application does not limit the materials or specific designs of the first electrodes 141 and the second electrodes 142 , and those skilled in the art can design the positions, materials or extraction methods of the first electrodes 141 and the second electrodes 142 according to actual needs.
  • the piezoelectric sheet 112 is located inside the base 111 , and the piezoelectric sheet 112 is not exposed relative to the base 111 , that is, the piezoelectric sheet 112 does not extend to the outside of the base 111 , which is beneficial to reduce the noise of the speaker 10 . volume.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the second unit 12 shown in FIG. 3 in the first implementation manner
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional diagram of the structure shown in FIG. 2 along the line A-A.
  • the second unit 12 includes a frame 121 , a piezoelectric element 122 , a connecting element 123 , a fixing frame 124 , a matching diaphragm 125 , a matching dome 126 and a cover 127 .
  • the cover body 127 may include a top wall 127 a and a peripheral side wall 127 b disposed around the top wall 127 a , and the top wall 127 a and the peripheral side wall 127 b together form an inner space of the cover body 127 .
  • the cover body 127 is located above the base 111 , and the peripheral side wall 127 b of the cover body 127 is fixedly connected to the periphery of the diaphragm 115 .
  • the fixed connection may be a direct fixed connection or an indirect fixed connection, which is not limited in this application.
  • the piezoelectric element 122 also acts as a pusher for the speaker 10 .
  • the piezoelectric element 122 includes a fixed end 2001 and a suspended end 2002 .
  • the fixed end 2001 of the piezoelectric element 122 is fixed to the peripheral side wall 127 b of the cover body 127 , and the suspended end 2002 of the piezoelectric element 122 is suspended inside the cover body 127 .
  • the connecting member 123 is fixed on the suspended end 2002 of the piezoelectric member 122 , and is fixedly connected to the middle of the matching diaphragm 125 .
  • Piezoelectric element 122 forms a cantilever beam structure.
  • the piezoelectric element 122 adopts piezoelectric material, for example, piezoelectric material such as lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric ceramic material, lithium niobate piezoelectric crystal material, aluminum nitride or zinc oxide, which is not limited in this application.
  • piezoelectric material such as lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric ceramic material, lithium niobate piezoelectric crystal material, aluminum nitride or zinc oxide, which is not limited in this application.
  • the shape of the piezoelectric element 122 in FIG. 5 is only an example, which is not limited in the present application.
  • the piezoelectric element 122 and the piezoelectric sheet 112 are used to distinguish the two components, but the structures and materials of the two components are not limited.
  • the two components may be the same or different. This application is not limited.
  • the piezoelectric element 122 is made of piezoelectric material, and the piezoelectric element 122 is deformed by the driving voltage, which drives the connecting element 123 to vibrate, thereby driving the matching diaphragm 125 to vibrate.
  • the matching dome 126 is fixed to the matching diaphragm 125 for increasing the weight of the matching diaphragm 125 .
  • the transmission member 113 is fixed on the suspended end 112 b of the piezoelectric sheet 112 and connected to the middle of the diaphragm 115 .
  • the diaphragm 115 is used for receiving the vibration transmitted by the transmission member 113 .
  • the piezoelectric sheet 112 is deformed by the driving voltage, and the suspended end 112b of the piezoelectric sheet 112 drives the diaphragm 115 to vibrate through the transmission member 113 to realize sound production.
  • the dome 116 is fixed to the middle of the diaphragm 115 for increasing the weight of the diaphragm 115 .
  • the speaker 10 vibrates through the piezoelectric sheet 112 disposed on the base 111, and then drives the diaphragm 115 to vibrate through the transmission member 113.
  • the piezoelectric sheet 112 and the transmission member 113 form a cantilever beam structure in the base 111,
  • the loudspeaker 10 has better acoustic performance.
  • the fixed end 112 a of the piezoelectric sheet 112 and the periphery of the diaphragm 115 are both fixedly connected to the side wall of the base 111 .
  • the fixing ring 114 is located above the base 111, and is fixedly connected to the side wall of the base 111.
  • the fixed end 112 a of the piezoelectric sheet 112 is directly connected to the side wall of the base 111
  • the periphery of the diaphragm 115 is indirectly fixed to the side wall of the base 111 through the fixing ring 114 .
  • the diaphragm 115 is located between the piezoelectric sheet 112 and the bottom wall 111 a of the base 111 .
  • the diaphragm 115 , the fixing ring 114 and the base 111 together form the first back cavity 110 of the speaker 10 .
  • the fixing ring 114 can be a closed ring, so that the periphery of the diaphragm 115 can be continuously connected with the fixing ring 114 to ensure the reliability of the speaker 10 .
  • the fixing ring 114 can also be integrally formed with the base 111 .
  • the speaker 10 may not be provided with the fixing ring 114, the base 111 forms a stepped structure, and the piezoelectric sheet 112 and the diaphragm 115 are connected through the stepped structure.
  • the fixed end 2001 of the piezoelectric element 122 and the peripheral edge of the matching diaphragm 125 are both fixedly connected to the peripheral side wall 127 b of the cover body 127 .
  • the fixing frame 124 is located below the cover body 117 and is fixedly connected to the side wall of the cover body 117 .
  • the fixed end 2001 of the piezoelectric element 122 is directly fixed and connected to the peripheral side wall 127 b of the cover body 127
  • the peripheral edge of the matching diaphragm 125 is indirectly fixed and connected to the peripheral side wall 127 b of the cover body 127 through the fixing frame 124 .
  • the matching diaphragm 125 is located on the side of the piezoelectric element 122 away from the top wall 127 a of the cover body 127 . That is, the piezoelectric element 122 is located between the matching diaphragm 125 and the top wall 127 a of the cover body 127 .
  • the top wall 127 a of the cover body 127 , the fixing frame 124 and the cover body 127 together form the second back cavity 120 of the speaker 10 .
  • the front cavity 13 of the speaker 10 is formed between the diaphragm 115 and the matching diaphragm 125 .
  • the front cavity 13 communicates with the sound outlet 104 .
  • the frame 121 is fixedly connected between the diaphragm 115 and the matching diaphragm 125 .
  • the frame 121 may be provided with a notch or a through hole to form the sound outlet 104 .
  • the sound outlet 104 communicates with the front cavity 13 , and the sound outlet 104 is used to transmit the sound signal generated by the speaker 10 .
  • the frame 121 is provided by the second unit 12 , and the frame 121 is provided with a notch to form the sound hole 104 , so that the sound hole 104 is located on the side of the speaker 10 .
  • the sound outlet 104 can also be located on other components of the second unit 12, and the sound outlet 104 can also be located on the side of the first unit 11, which is not limited in this application.
  • the piezoelectric sheet 112 drives the vibrating film 115 to vibrate under the action of the driving electric signal
  • the piezoelectric element 122 drives the matching vibrating film 125 to vibrate under the driving of the driving electric signal.
  • the combined action pushes the air in the first back cavity 110, the second back cavity 120 and the front cavity 13 to vibrate, so that the speaker 10 converts electrical signals into acoustic signals.
  • the speaker 10 is further provided with a matching diaphragm 125 corresponding to the diaphragm 115 .
  • the vibration generated by the diaphragm 115 along the thickness direction of the speaker 10 can match the vibration generated by the matching diaphragm 125 along the thickness direction of the speaker 10 .
  • the vibrations of the speakers cancel each other, reducing the impact of the vibration of the speaker 10 on the electronic device.
  • both the number of piezoelectric sheets 112 and the number of transmission members 113 are multiple.
  • "Plurality" means 2 or more.
  • the plurality of piezoelectric sheets 112 are arranged in a staggered manner.
  • the plurality of transmission members 113 are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of piezoelectric sheets 112 .
  • the number of piezoelectric sheets 112 and the number of transmission members 113 are both four, and each piezoelectric sheet 112 is provided with a corresponding transmission member 113 .
  • the structures of the transmission members 113 on different piezoelectric sheets 112 may be the same or different.
  • the transmission member 113 may be an integral structure or may include multiple parts.
  • each piezoelectric sheet 112 is provided with a transmission member 113 fixedly connected to the diaphragm 115 .
  • the vibration is transmitted to the diaphragm 115 through the corresponding transmission member 113 , so that the speaker 10 implements a plurality of piezoelectric cantilever beam structures, which is beneficial to increase the vibration amplitude of the diaphragm 115 , thereby improving the acoustic performance of the speaker 10 .
  • the transmission member 113 is made of a hard material such as plastic, so that the shape remains unchanged under the driving force of the piezoelectric sheet 112 , so as to effectively transmit the driving force of the piezoelectric sheet 112 , thereby improving the acoustic performance of the speaker 10 .
  • the transmission member 113 is fixed to the piezoelectric sheet 112 by means of bonding.
  • the transmission member 113 can also be integrally formed with the piezoelectric sheet 112 , which not only saves the assembly cost of the speaker 10 , but also ensures the stability of the transmission member 113 relative to the piezoelectric sheet 112 .
  • the present application does not limit the specific manner in which the transmission member 113 is fixed to the piezoelectric sheet 112, and those skilled in the art can design according to actual needs.
  • the transmission member 113 is fixed on the edge of the suspended end 112 b of the piezoelectric sheet 112 .
  • the transmission member 113 is located in the middle of the suspended end 112 b of the piezoelectric sheet 112 , so that the transmission member 113 can efficiently transmit the vibration generated by the piezoelectric sheet 112 .
  • the transmission member 113 may also be fixed at other positions of the piezoelectric sheet 112 , which is not limited in this application.
  • the diaphragm 115 includes a diaphragm body 1151, a ring portion 1152 and a fixing portion 1153 which are connected in sequence.
  • the diaphragm body 1151 is located in the middle area of the diaphragm 115
  • the fixing portion 1153 is located at the periphery of the diaphragm 115 .
  • the ring portion 1152 is connected between the diaphragm body 2251 and the fixing portion 1153 , and is bent and arched relative to the diaphragm body 1151 .
  • the ring portion 1152 is annular and protrudes in the first direction relative to the diaphragm body 1151 .
  • the first direction is parallel to the thickness direction Z of the speaker 10 .
  • the first direction is an upward direction
  • the ring portion 1152 in the diaphragm 115 protrudes upward relative to the diaphragm body 1151 .
  • the fixing portion 1153 is flat and fixed to the fixing ring 114 , so that the periphery of the diaphragm 115 is tightly connected with the fixing ring 114 .
  • the plurality of transmission members 113 are all fixed to the diaphragm body 1151 .
  • each transmission member 113 is fixed to the corresponding diaphragm body 1151 in the middle area of the diaphragm 115 , which can ensure the stability of the acoustic performance of the piezoelectric speaker 10 .
  • the matching diaphragm 125 includes a diaphragm body 1251 , a ring portion 1252 and a fixing portion 1253 which are connected in sequence.
  • the ring portion 1252 is bent and arched relative to the diaphragm body 1251 .
  • the ring portion 1252 is arched downward relative to the diaphragm body 1251 .
  • the fixing portion 1253 is connected to the side of the ring portion 1252 away from the diaphragm body 1251 .
  • the fixing portion 1253 is the outer periphery of the matching diaphragm 125 and is used to be fixed to the fixing frame 124 so that the matching diaphragm 125 and the fixing frame 124 are tightly connected.
  • the matching diaphragm 125 includes a diaphragm body 1251 and a ring portion 1252 protruding from the diaphragm body 1251 .
  • the ring portion 1252 is provided with a deformation allowance in a direction perpendicular to the thickness of the speaker 10 , effectively
  • the radial stiffness of the matching diaphragm 125 is improved, the rolling vibration phenomenon of the matching diaphragm 125 in the loudspeaker 10 is improved, the distortion of the loudspeaker 10 is reduced, and the acoustic performance of the loudspeaker 10 is improved.
  • the plurality of connecting members 123 are all fixed to the diaphragm body 1251 .
  • each connecting member 123 is fixed to the corresponding diaphragm body 1251 in the middle region of the matching diaphragm 125 , which can ensure the stability of the acoustic performance of the piezoelectric speaker 10 .
  • the ring portion 1252 protrudes in a second direction relative to the diaphragm body 1251 , and the second direction is opposite to the first direction.
  • the folded ring portion 1252 is disposed opposite to the folded ring portion 1152 . It can be understood that the projection of the folded ring portion 1252 on the diaphragm body 1151 overlaps with the projection of the folded ring portion 1152 on the diaphragm body 1151 .
  • the protruding direction of the ring portion 1152 in the diaphragm 115 is opposite to that of the ring portion 1252 in the matching diaphragm 125, which is beneficial for the vibration generated by the diaphragm 115 along the thickness direction of the speaker 10 to be able to The vibrations along the thickness direction of the speaker 10 generated by the matching diaphragm 125 cancel each other out, thereby reducing the impact of the vibration of the speaker 10 on the electronic device.
  • the folded ring portion 1252 of the matching diaphragm 125 and the folded ring portion 1152 of the diaphragm 115 are disposed opposite to each other, which further effectively cancels the vibration generated by the diaphragm 115 and the matching diaphragm 125 in the thickness direction of the speaker 10 . Therefore, the impact of the vibration of the speaker 10 on the electronic device is greatly reduced.
  • the outer periphery of the folded ring portion 1152 is fixed to the fixing ring 114 , and the folded ring portion 1152 protrudes upward relative to the diaphragm body 1151 .
  • the fixing frame 124 is fixed under the cover body 127 .
  • the outer periphery of the folded ring portion 1252 is fixed to the fixing frame 124 , and the folded ring portion 1252 protrudes downward relative to the diaphragm body 1251 .
  • the frame 121 is fixedly connected between the fixing ring 114 and the second ring.
  • the folded ring portion 1152 of the diaphragm 115 protrudes upward relative to the diaphragm body 1151
  • the folded ring portion 1252 of the matching diaphragm 125 protrudes downward relative to the diaphragm body 1251
  • the diaphragm 115 and the matching diaphragm 125 form a back-to-back structure
  • the sound outlet 104 is located between the diaphragm 115 and the matching diaphragm 125 , so that the speaker 10 forms a structure with a single sound hole 104 .
  • the projection of the ring portion 1252 on the diaphragm body 1151 is completely overlapped with the projection of the ring portion 1152 on the diaphragm body 1151 for description.
  • the projection of the ring portion 1252 on the diaphragm body 1151 may also partially overlap with the projection of the ring portion 1152 on the diaphragm body 1151 , which is not limited in the present application.
  • the dome 116 is fixed to the side of the diaphragm body 1151 away from the piezoelectric sheet 112 .
  • the matching dome 126 is fixed on the side of the diaphragm body 1251 away from the piezoelectric element 122 .
  • the spherical top 116 is fixed to the side of the diaphragm 115 away from the transmission member 113 .
  • the matching dome 126 is fixed on the side of the matching diaphragm 125 away from the connecting member 123 .
  • the spherical top 116 can also be fixedly connected between the diaphragm 115 and the transmission member 113.
  • the matching spherical top 126 can also be fixedly connected between the matching diaphragm 125 and the connecting member 123, which is not covered in this application. limited.
  • the dome 116 and the matching dome 126 not only serve as the main medium propelled by the air around the speaker 10, but also serve as a counterweight for the corresponding diaphragm in the speaker 10, which can effectively reduce the first-order resonance frequency generated by the speaker 10.
  • the low frequency performance is improved and the acoustic performance of the loudspeaker 10 is improved.
  • FIG. 7 is a top view of the base 111 and the piezoelectric sheet 112 shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the plurality of piezoelectric sheets 112 include a first piezoelectric sheet 1101 and a second piezoelectric sheet 1102 .
  • the fixed end of the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 is fixed to the base 111 .
  • the suspended end of the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 extends away from the base 111 , so that the suspended end of the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 is suspended inside the base 111 .
  • the fixed end of the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 is fixed to the base 111 .
  • the suspended end of the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 extends away from the base 111 , so that the suspended end of the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 is suspended inside the base 111 .
  • the top views of the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 and the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 are both rectangular.
  • the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 and the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 can also have other shapes, which are not limited in this application.
  • the extending direction of the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 intersects with the extending direction of the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 .
  • the extending direction of the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 is the longitudinal direction of the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 .
  • the extending direction of the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 is the longitudinal direction of the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 .
  • the side wall 111b of the base 111 includes a first side wall 1111 and a second side wall 1112 which are adjacent and intersect. One end of the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 is fixed to the first side wall 1111 , and one end of the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 is fixed to the second side wall 1112 .
  • the first side wall 1111 and the second side wall 1112 intersect.
  • the extending direction of the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 intersects with the extending direction of the second piezoelectric sheet 1102, so as to avoid that the extending direction of the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 is opposite to the extending direction of the second piezoelectric sheet 1102, As a result, the lateral vibration displacements of the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 and the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 are locked with each other, so that the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 and the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 can vibrate effectively, thereby improving the reliability of the speaker 10 .
  • the "direction" mentioned in this application is only pointing.
  • the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 and the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 are described as being located on the same plane as an example.
  • the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 and the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 are staggered in the thickness direction of the speaker 10, the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 and the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 are in different horizontal planes.
  • the extension direction of a piezoelectric sheet 1101 and the extension direction of the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 are projected onto the same plane and then compared.
  • the first sidewall 1111 and the second sidewall 1112 are vertically disposed.
  • the extending direction of the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 .
  • the base 111 is substantially rectangular.
  • the extension direction of the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 is perpendicular to the first side wall 1111
  • the extension direction of the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 is perpendicular to the second side wall 1112 .
  • the extending direction of the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 and the extending direction of the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 are perpendicular, and the interference between the lateral vibration of the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 and the lateral vibration of the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 smaller, thereby further improving the acoustic performance of the loudspeaker 10 .
  • the base 111 is substantially rectangular for example, that is, the angle formed by the first side wall 1111 and the second side wall 1112 is 90 degrees. In other embodiments, the base 111 can also have other shapes, and the angle formed by the first side wall 1111 and the second side wall 1112 can also be other angles, which are not limited in the present application.
  • the driving signals of the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 and the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 are the same, which simplifies the design of the speaker 10 and saves the cost of the speaker 10 .
  • the driving signals of the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 and the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 may also be different, which is not limited in the present application.
  • the driving signals of the plurality of piezoelectric sheets 112 are all the same as an example for description. In other embodiments, the driving signals of the plurality of piezoelectric sheets 112 may be partially the same or all different, which is not limited in the present application.
  • the shape of the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 is different from the shape of the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 .
  • the size of the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 is different from that of the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 .
  • the length of the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 is different from the length of the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 .
  • the dimension in the extending direction of the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 is the length direction of the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 .
  • the dimension in the extending direction of the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 is the longitudinal direction of the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 .
  • the width of the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 may also be different from the width of the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 , which is not limited in the present application.
  • the shape of the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 is different from the shape of the second piezoelectric sheet 1102, the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 and the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 have different resonance frequencies, and the first piezoelectric sheet 1101
  • the frequency response of the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 and the frequency response of the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 can complement each other, broaden the bandwidth of the acoustic signal of the speaker 10 , reduce the defect of the frequency response bandwidth, and thus improve the acoustic performance of the speaker 10 .
  • the shape of the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 is different from the shape of the second piezoelectric sheet 1102.
  • the transmission member 113 fixed to the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 and the transmission member 113 fixed to the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 are located in the speaker.
  • the different positions of the speaker 10 are beneficial to the mutual complementation of the peaks and valleys of the diaphragm 115 during the vibration process, thereby improving the acoustic performance of the speaker 10 .
  • the material used for the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 is different from the material used for the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 .
  • the material used for the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 is different from the material used for the second piezoelectric sheet 1102.
  • the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 and the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 have different resonance frequencies, and the first piezoelectric sheet 1102 has different resonance frequencies.
  • the frequency response of the sheet 1101 and the frequency response of the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 can complement each other, broaden the bandwidth of the acoustic signal of the speaker 10 , reduce the defect of the frequency response bandwidth, and thus improve the acoustic performance of the speaker 10 .
  • the material used for the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 and the material used for the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 are the same, and piezoelectric materials with better piezoelectric performance are used as examples for description.
  • the size or shape of the piezoelectric sheet 1101 and the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 can achieve modulation of the frequency response.
  • the plurality of piezoelectric sheets 112 further include a third piezoelectric sheet 1103 and a fourth piezoelectric sheet 1104 .
  • the fixed end of each piezoelectric sheet 112 is fixed to the side wall 111b of the base 111, and the suspended end of each piezoelectric sheet 112 is located inside the bottom wall 111 formed by the bottom wall 111a and the side wall 111b.
  • the suspended end of each piezoelectric sheet 112 is provided with a transmission member 113 that is fixedly connected to the vibrating film 115 .
  • the fixed end of the third piezoelectric sheet 1103 is fixed to the second side wall 1112 .
  • the extending direction of the third piezoelectric sheet 1103 is the same as the extending direction of the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 .
  • the fixed end of the fourth piezoelectric sheet 1104 is also fixed to the second side wall 1112 , and the extending direction of the fourth piezoelectric sheet 1104 is the same as the extending direction of the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 .
  • the extending directions of the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 , the third piezoelectric sheet 1103 and the fourth piezoelectric sheet 1104 are all perpendicular to the second side wall 1112 . As shown in FIG. 7 , the extending direction of the first piezoelectric sheet 1103 is parallel to the Y direction, and the extending direction of the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 is parallel to the X direction.
  • the extending directions of the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 , the third piezoelectric sheet 1103 and the fourth piezoelectric sheet 1104 are all the same, and all intersect with the extending direction of the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 .
  • the piezoelectric sheets 112 are interlocked to further improve the acoustic performance of the speaker 10 .
  • the extension directions of the piezoelectric sheets 112 fixed to the second side wall 1112 are all the same, so that the extension directions of the plurality of piezoelectric sheets 112 all intersect with the extension direction of the first piezoelectric sheets 1101 .
  • the lengths of the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 and the third piezoelectric sheet 1103 are the same, and the length of the fourth piezoelectric sheet 1104 is greater than that of the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 , so that the The transmission elements 113 on the piezoelectric sheet 112 are distributed in a balanced manner.
  • the distribution of the transmission members 113 fixed on the four piezoelectric sheets 112 is relatively balanced, which reduces the risk of rolling vibration of the diaphragm 115, thereby improving the speaker 10. acoustic performance.
  • the third piezoelectric sheet 1103 and the fourth piezoelectric sheet 1104 are both fixed on the second side wall 1112 , and the extension directions of the third piezoelectric sheet 1103 and the fourth piezoelectric sheet 1104 are the same as the first piezoelectric sheet 1104 .
  • the extension directions of the two piezoelectric sheets 1102 are the same as an example for description.
  • the fixed end of the third piezoelectric sheet 1103 and/or the fourth piezoelectric sheet 1104 can also be fixed to the first side wall 1111 , the third piezoelectric sheet 1103 and/or the fourth piezoelectric sheet 1104
  • the extending direction can also be the same as the extending direction of the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 , which is not limited in the present application.
  • the present application does not limit the specific arrangement of the plurality of piezoelectric sheets 112 , and those skilled in the art can design the arrangement of the plurality of piezoelectric sheets 112 according to the actual simulation effect.
  • FIG. 8 is a partial structural diagram of the second unit 12 shown in FIG. 5 .
  • both the number of piezoelectric elements 122 and the number of connecting elements 123 are multiple.
  • "Plurality" means 2 or more.
  • the plurality of piezoelectric elements 122 are arranged in a staggered manner.
  • the plurality of connecting elements 123 correspond to the plurality of piezoelectric elements 122 one-to-one. As shown in FIG. 8 , for example, the number of piezoelectric elements 122 and the number of connecting elements 123 are both four, and each piezoelectric element 122 is provided with a corresponding connecting element 123 .
  • the structures of the connecting elements 123 on different piezoelectric elements 122 may be the same or different.
  • the connector 123 may be a one-piece structure, or may include multiple parts.
  • the number of piezoelectric elements 122 is the same as the number of piezoelectric sheets 112 , so that the vibration generated by the first unit 11 matches the vibration generated by the second unit 12 , which is beneficial to improve the acoustic performance of the speaker 10 .
  • the number of piezoelectric elements 122 may also be different from the number of piezoelectric sheets 112 , which is not limited in the present application.
  • the number of piezoelectric elements 122 is greater than the number of piezoelectric sheets 112 , or the number of piezoelectric elements 122 is smaller than the number of piezoelectric sheets 112 .
  • FIG. 9 is a top view of the structure shown in FIG. 8 .
  • the plurality of piezoelectric elements 122 include a first piezoelectric element 1221 and a second piezoelectric element 1222 .
  • the fixed ends of the first piezoelectric element 1221 and the second piezoelectric element 1222 are both fixed to the cover body 127 , and the floating ends of the first piezoelectric element 1221 and the second piezoelectric element 1222 are suspended inside the cover body 127 .
  • the extension direction of the first piezoelectric element 1221 intersects with the extension direction of the second piezoelectric element 1222 .
  • the extension direction of the first piezoelectric element 1221 and the extension direction of the second piezoelectric element 1222 form an angle formed by the extension direction of the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 and the extension direction of the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 the same angle.
  • the extending direction of the first piezoelectric element 1221 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the second piezoelectric element 1222 .
  • the extending direction of the first piezoelectric element 1221 intersects with the extending direction of the second piezoelectric element 1222, so as to avoid that the extending direction of the first piezoelectric element 1221 is opposite to the extending direction of the second piezoelectric element 1222, As a result, the lateral vibration displacements of the first piezoelectric element 1221 and the second piezoelectric element 1222 are locked to each other, so that the first piezoelectric element 1221 and the second piezoelectric element 1222 can vibrate effectively, thereby improving the reliability of the speaker 10 .
  • the plurality of piezoelectric sheets 112 form the first piezoelectric unit 1120 .
  • the plurality of piezoelectric elements 122 form a second piezoelectric unit 1220 .
  • the structure of the first piezoelectric unit 1120 is the same as that of the second piezoelectric unit 1220 .
  • the plurality of piezoelectric elements 122 further include a third piezoelectric element 1223 and a fourth piezoelectric element 1224 .
  • the extending direction of the first piezoelectric element 1221 is the same as the extending direction of the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 .
  • the extending direction of the second piezoelectric element 1222 is the same as the extending direction of the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 .
  • Both the extending direction of the third piezoelectric element 1223 and the extending direction of the fourth piezoelectric element 1224 are the same as the extending direction of the second piezoelectric element 1222 .
  • the projection of the first piezoelectric element 1221 on the diaphragm 115 and the projection of the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 on the diaphragm 115 are symmetrical with respect to the width direction of the speaker 10 .
  • the projection of the third piezoelectric element 1223 on the diaphragm 115 and the projection of the third piezoelectric sheet 1103 on the diaphragm 115 are symmetrical with respect to the width direction of the speaker 10 .
  • the width direction of the speaker 10 is parallel to the extending direction of the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 .
  • the structure of the first piezoelectric unit 1120 formed by the plurality of piezoelectric sheets 112 is the same as the structure of the second piezoelectric unit 1220 formed by the plurality of piezoelectric elements 122 .
  • the two piezoelectric units 1220 can adopt the same structural design, which not only saves the assembly process of the second piezoelectric unit 1220 , but also saves the material cost of the speaker 10 . It can be understood that the plurality of piezoelectric elements 122 in the second unit 12 can be obtained after the plurality of piezoelectric sheets 112 in the first unit 11 are turned over by 180 degrees.
  • the projection of the first piezoelectric element 1221 on the diaphragm 115 and the projection of the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 on the diaphragm 115 may also be symmetrical with respect to the length direction of the speaker 10 , which is not discussed in this application. limited.
  • the length direction of the speaker 10 is perpendicular to the width direction of the speaker 10 .
  • FIG. 10 is a partial structural diagram of the second unit 12 shown in FIG. 3 in the second implementation manner;
  • FIG. 11 is a top view of the structure shown in FIG. 10 ;
  • the second unit 12 shown in FIG. 10 is not marked with the cover 127 .
  • Most of the technical solutions in this implementation manner that are the same as those in the foregoing implementation manner will not be described again.
  • the following mainly introduces the different technical features of the second implementation manner from the foregoing implementation manners.
  • the plurality of piezoelectric sheets 112 form the first piezoelectric unit 1120 .
  • the plurality of piezoelectric elements 122 form a second piezoelectric unit 1220 .
  • the structure of the first piezoelectric unit 1120 and the structure of the second piezoelectric unit 1220 are mirror-symmetrical structures, and the symmetry plane is parallel to the diaphragm. That is, the plurality of piezoelectric elements 122 in the second unit 12 are symmetrical with the plurality of piezoelectric sheets 112 in the first unit 11 in a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the speaker 10 .
  • the first piezoelectric element 1221 is symmetrical with respect to the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 along a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the speaker 10 .
  • the fourth piezoelectric element 1224 is symmetrical with respect to the fourth piezoelectric sheet 1104 along a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the speaker 10 .
  • the matching diaphragm 125 is symmetrical with respect to the diaphragm 115 along a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the speaker 10 .
  • the structure of the first piezoelectric unit 1120 and the structure of the second piezoelectric unit 1220 are mirror-symmetrical structures, and the symmetry plane is parallel to the diaphragm 115, so that the upper and lower piezoelectric units are completely symmetrical, which further reduces the The impact of each piezoelectric sheet 112 and each piezoelectric element 122 on the electronic device.
  • the plurality of piezoelectric elements 122 in the second unit 12 include a first piezoelectric element 1221 , a second piezoelectric element 1222 , a third piezoelectric element 1223 and a fourth piezoelectric element 1224 .
  • the extension direction of the first piezoelectric element 1221 is the same as the extension direction of the first piezoelectric sheet 1101
  • the projection of the first piezoelectric element 1221 on the vibrating film 115 is the same as the projection of the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 on the vibrating film 115 Projections overlap.
  • the extending direction of the second piezoelectric element 1222 is the same as the extending direction of the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 , and the projection of the second piezoelectric element 1222 on the diaphragm 115 overlaps with the projection of the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 on the diaphragm 115 .
  • the extending direction of the third piezoelectric element 1223 is the same as the extending direction of the third piezoelectric sheet 1103 , and the projection of the third piezoelectric element 1223 on the diaphragm 115 overlaps with the projection of the third piezoelectric sheet 1103 on the diaphragm 115 .
  • the extending direction of the fourth piezoelectric element 1224 is the same as the extending direction of the fourth piezoelectric sheet 1104 , and the projection of the fourth piezoelectric element 1224 on the diaphragm 115 overlaps with the projection of the fourth piezoelectric sheet 1104 on the diaphragm 115 . That is, the arrangement of the plurality of piezoelectric elements 122 is the same as the arrangement of the plurality of piezoelectric sheets 112 .
  • the present application does not limit the arrangement of the plurality of piezoelectric elements 122 , and those skilled in the art can design the positions of the plurality of piezoelectric elements 122 according to actual needs.
  • the structures of the plurality of piezoelectric elements 122 in the second unit 12 in the first implementation manner and the second implementation manner are merely examples, which are not limited in the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the speaker 10 shown in FIG. 2 in a third implementation manner
  • FIG. 14 is a top view of the structure shown in FIG. 13 .
  • Most of the technical solutions in this implementation manner that are the same as those in the foregoing implementation manner will not be described again.
  • the following mainly introduces the different technical features of the third implementation manner from the foregoing implementation manners.
  • the plurality of piezoelectric elements 122 include a first piezoelectric element 1221 , a second piezoelectric element 1222 and a third piezoelectric element 1223 .
  • the extending direction of the first piezoelectric element 1221 intersects with the extending direction of the second piezoelectric element 1222 , and the extending direction of the second piezoelectric element 1222 and the extending direction of the third piezoelectric element 1223 are the same.
  • the extending direction of the first piezoelectric element 1221 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the second piezoelectric element 1222 .
  • the first piezoelectric element 1221 is fixed on one side of the speaker 10
  • the second piezoelectric element 1222 and the third piezoelectric element 1223 are fixed on the other adjacent side of the speaker 10 .
  • the number of piezoelectric sheets 112 in the first unit 11 may be three or other numbers, and the specific number of piezoelectric sheets 112 is not limited in the present application.
  • the speaker 10 includes three connectors 123 .
  • the three connecting members 123 are fixed to the three piezoelectric members 122 in a one-to-one correspondence.
  • Three connecting pieces 123 are arranged around the center of the speaker 10 .
  • each connecting piece 123 is fixed to the edge of the corresponding piezoelectric piece 122 .
  • the arrangement of the three piezoelectric elements 122 is only an example, and those skilled in the art can design the arrangement and size of the three piezoelectric elements 122 according to the actual simulation effect. limited.
  • the number of piezoelectric elements 122 is three, the three piezoelectric elements 122 are staggered, and the extension direction of one piezoelectric element 122 intersects with the extension direction of the other two piezoelectric elements 122 to avoid Some two piezoelectric elements 122 of the plurality of piezoelectric elements 122 are disposed opposite to each other, which reduces the possibility that the plurality of piezoelectric elements 122 are locked with each other, thereby improving the acoustic performance of the speaker 10 .
  • FIG. 15 is a top view of a partial structure of the speaker 10 shown in FIG. 2 in a fourth implementation manner.
  • Most of the technical solutions in this implementation manner that are the same as those in the foregoing implementation manner will not be described again.
  • the following mainly introduces the different technical features of the fourth implementation manner from the foregoing implementation manners.
  • the plurality of piezoelectric elements 122 includes a first piezoelectric element 1221 and a second piezoelectric element 1222 .
  • the extending direction of the first piezoelectric element 1221 intersects with the extending direction of the second piezoelectric element 1222 .
  • the extending direction of the first piezoelectric element 1221 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the second piezoelectric element 1222 .
  • the first piezoelectric element 1221 is fixed on one side of the speaker 10
  • the second piezoelectric element 1222 is fixed on the other side adjacent to the speaker 10 .
  • the number of piezoelectric sheets 112 in the first unit 11 may be two or other numbers, and the specific number of piezoelectric sheets 112 is not limited in the present application.
  • the speaker 10 includes two connecting pieces 123 , and the two connecting pieces 123 are fixed to the two piezoelectric pieces 122 in a one-to-one correspondence.
  • Two connecting pieces 123 are provided around the center of the speaker 10 .
  • each connecting piece 123 is fixed to the edge of the corresponding piezoelectric piece 122 .
  • the arrangement of the two piezoelectric elements 122 is only an example, and those skilled in the art can design the arrangement and size of the two piezoelectric elements 122 according to the actual simulation effect, which is not limited in the present application.
  • the number of piezoelectric elements 122 is two, the two piezoelectric elements 122 are arranged in a staggered manner, and the extending directions of the two piezoelectric elements 122 intersect to avoid mutual locking of the two piezoelectric elements 122 . possibility, thereby improving the acoustic performance of the speaker 10.
  • FIG. 16 is a partial structural diagram of the speaker 10 shown in FIG. 2 in a fifth implementation manner. Specifically, the structure shown in FIG. 16 illustrates the base 111 and the plurality of piezoelectric sheets 112 of the speaker 10 . Most of the technical solutions in this implementation manner that are the same as those in the foregoing implementation manner will not be described again. The following mainly introduces the different technical features of the fifth implementation manner from the foregoing implementation manners.
  • At least one piezoelectric sheet 112 among the plurality of piezoelectric sheets 112 includes a first portion 1121 and a second portion 1122 .
  • One end of the first part 1121 is fixedly connected to the base 111 , and the other end is suspended inside the base 111 .
  • the second portion 1122 extends from the first portion 1121 in a direction away from the base.
  • one end of the first portion 1121 away from the second portion 1122 is the fixed end 112 a of the piezoelectric sheet 112 .
  • first part 1121 close to the second part 1122 and the second part 1122 are the suspended ends 112b of the piezoelectric sheet 112 , and the extending direction of the first part 1121 is the same as the extending direction of the second part 1122 .
  • first part 1121 and the second part 1122 are fixedly connected by means of bonding. The present application does not limit the fixed connection manner of the first part 1121 and the second part 1122 .
  • the first part 1121 adopts piezoelectric material.
  • the second part 1122 adopts a non-piezoelectric material, and the material density of the second part 1122 is smaller than that of the first part 1121 .
  • One end of the transmission member 113 is used for fixedly connecting the second part 1122 , and the other end is used for fixedly connecting the diaphragm 115 .
  • the second part 1122 is made of hard material, so that the vibration generated by the first part 1121 can be effectively transmitted to the diaphragm 115 through the second part 1122 and the transmission member 113 .
  • the first part 1121 is deformed under the driving of the driving voltage, which drives the second part 1122 to vibrate and the transmission member 113 to vibrate.
  • the second portion 1122 is made of a rigid and lightweight material.
  • the material used for the second part 1122 may be a light metal material or a high polymer material, which is not limited in this application.
  • the present application describes by taking the example that each of the plurality of piezoelectric sheets 112 includes a first part 1121 and a second part 1122 made of different materials.
  • some piezoelectric sheets 112 of the plurality of piezoelectric sheets 112 are made of the same material, and some piezoelectric sheets 112 are made of different materials, which is not limited in this application.
  • the first piezoelectric sheet 1101 includes a first portion 1121 and a second portion 1122
  • the second piezoelectric sheet 1102 is made of the same piezoelectric material.
  • the material used for the second part 1122 includes but is not limited to aluminum, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethacrylimide (PMI) or polyurethane (polyurethane, PU) etc.
  • the material used for the second portion 1122 is a single material, such as aluminum or polyethylene terephthalate.
  • the material used for the second part 1122 may also be a composite material, such as an aluminum layer, a polyethylene terephthalate layer and an aluminum layer that are stacked in sequence.
  • the piezoelectric sheet 112 includes a first part 1121 made of piezoelectric material and a second part 1122 of non-piezoelectric material, which reduces the length of the part using piezoelectric material in the piezoelectric sheet 112, which is beneficial to improve the pressure
  • the amplitude of the electric sheet 112 is thus beneficial to improve the acoustic performance of the speaker 10 .
  • the material density of the second part 1122 is smaller than that of the first part 1121 , which increases the resonance frequency of the piezoelectric sheet 112 .
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic side view of the piezoelectric sheet 112 and the transmission member 113 shown in FIG. 16 in one embodiment
  • FIG. 18 is the piezoelectric sheet 112 and the transmission member 113 shown in FIG. 16 . Schematic side view in another embodiment.
  • the second portion 1122 includes a first deck 1123 , a second deck 1124 and an end side 1125 .
  • the first board surface 1123 and the second board surface 1124 are disposed opposite to each other, and the end side surface 1125 is connected between the first board surface 1123 and the second board surface 1124 .
  • the first portion 1121 is fixed to the end side surface 1125 .
  • the length of the first board surface 1123 is less than or greater than the length of the second board surface 1124 .
  • the length of the first board surface 1123 is different from the length of the second board surface 1124 , and the area of the end side surface 1125 connected between the first board surface 1123 and the second board surface 1124 is larger than that perpendicular to the first board surface 1123 and the area of the side surface (surface in the thickness direction) of the second plate surface 1124 . That is, one end of the second portion 1122 toward the first portion 1121 and one end of the first portion 1121 toward the second portion 1122 are partially thinned, so that the first portion 1121 and the second portion 1122 are dislocated and fixedly connected.
  • the end side surface 1125 of the second portion 1122 is a stepped surface.
  • the end surface 1125 of the second portion 1122 is an inclined surface.
  • the end side surface 1125 may also have other shapes, which are not limited in the present application.
  • the end side surface 1125 of the second part 1122 used for fixedly connecting the first part 1121 is inclined, and the area of the end side surface 1125 is increased without increasing the thickness of the first part 1121 and the second part 1122, which increases The area where the first part 1121 and the second part 1122 are fixedly connected, thereby improving the overall reliability of the piezoelectric sheet 112 .
  • the second portion 1122 of the piezoelectric sheet 112 extends in the length direction relative to the first portion 1121 to prevent the first portion 1121 and the second portion 1122 from overlapping in the thickness direction, thereby reducing the thickness of the speaker 10 .
  • FIG. 19 is another partial structural diagram of the speaker 10 shown in FIG. 2 in the fifth implementation manner.
  • the structure shown in FIG. 19 illustrates the first unit 10 of the speaker 10 and the frame 121 , the diaphragm 125 , the plurality of piezoelectric elements 122 , etc., which are mounted on the first unit 10 .
  • at least one piezoelectric element 122 of the plurality of piezoelectric elements 122 includes a first segment 1225 and a second segment 1226 . Part of the structure of the first section 1225 and the second section 1226 are located inside the speaker 10 .
  • the first section 1225 is made of piezoelectric material
  • the second section 1226 is made of non-piezoelectric material
  • the material density of the second section 1226 is smaller than that of the first section 1225 .
  • the second section 1226 utilizes lightweight materials.
  • the connecting piece 123 is fixed to the second segment 1226 .
  • the second section 1226 is made of hard material, so that the vibration generated by the first section 1225 can be effectively transmitted to the matching diaphragm 125 through the second section 1226 and the connecting member 123 .
  • the material used for the first segment 1225 is the same as the material used for the first part 1121 of the piezoelectric sheet 112, and the material used for the second end is the same as the material used for the second part 1122 of the piezoelectric sheet 112.
  • the piezoelectric element 122 includes a first section 1225 made of piezoelectric material and a second section 1226 of non-piezoelectric material, which reduces the length of the piezoelectric material part in the piezoelectric element 122, which is beneficial to improve
  • the amplitude of the piezoelectric element 122 is beneficial to improve the acoustic performance of the speaker 10 .
  • the material density of the second section 1226 is smaller than that of the first section 1225, which increases the resonance frequency of the piezoelectric element 122.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of the speaker 20 shown in FIG. 1 in the second embodiment
  • FIG. 21 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the structure shown in FIG. 20 .
  • the cover body 227 is not indicated in FIG. 21 relative to FIG. 20 .
  • the speaker 20 includes a base 211 and at least two piezoelectric sheets 212 fixed on the base 211 .
  • the at least two piezoelectric sheets 212 include a first piezoelectric sheet and a second piezoelectric sheet, and the extending direction of the first piezoelectric sheet intersects with the extending direction of the second piezoelectric sheet.
  • the extending direction of the first piezoelectric sheet is perpendicular to the extending direction of the second piezoelectric sheet.
  • the sound outlet 204 is located on the side of the speaker 20 .
  • the structure of the speaker 20 shown in this embodiment can be combined with any design of the speaker 20 in the first implementation manner to the fifth implementation manner in the first embodiment. The following mainly describes the different technical features of the second embodiment and the preceding embodiments.
  • both the piezoelectric sheet 212 and the piezoelectric element 222 are exposed relative to the base 211 .
  • Part of the structure of the piezoelectric sheet 212 is located outside the base 211 .
  • the first electrode 241 and the second electrode 242 are fixed to the exposed portion of the piezoelectric sheet 212 opposite to the base 211 .
  • a part of the piezoelectric sheet 212 is exposed relative to the base 211 , and the exposed part of the piezoelectric sheet 212 is used to set the first electrode 241 and the second electrode 242 , which maximizes the limited internal space of the speaker 20
  • the area of the piezoelectric sheet 212 suspended on the inner side of the base 211 is increased, thereby helping to improve the acoustic performance of the speaker 20 .
  • the speaker 20 includes a first side 201 , a second side 202 and a third side 203 .
  • the second side 202 and the third side 203 are disposed opposite to each other, and the first side 201 is connected between the second side 202 and the third side 203 .
  • the first side 201 is perpendicular to the second side 202 and is perpendicular to the third side 203 .
  • the plurality of piezoelectric sheets 212 include a first piezoelectric sheet 2101 , a second piezoelectric sheet 2102 , a third piezoelectric sheet 2103 and a fourth piezoelectric sheet 2104 .
  • the first piezoelectric sheet 2101 is fixed on the first side 201
  • the second piezoelectric sheet 2102 , the third piezoelectric sheet 2103 and the fourth piezoelectric sheet 2104 are all fixed on the second side 202
  • the plurality of piezoelectric elements 222 include a first piezoelectric element 2221 , a second piezoelectric element 2222 , a third piezoelectric element 2223 and a fourth piezoelectric element 2224 .
  • the first piezoelectric element 2221 is fixed to the first side 201
  • the second piezoelectric element 2222 , the third piezoelectric element 2223 and the fourth piezoelectric element 2224 are all fixed to the third side 203 .
  • the first piezoelectric element 2221 and the first piezoelectric sheet 2101 are arranged axisymmetrically
  • the second piezoelectric element 2222 and the second piezoelectric sheet 2102 are arranged axisymmetrically
  • the electric sheet 2103 is arranged axially symmetrically
  • the fourth piezoelectric element 2224 and the fourth piezoelectric sheet 2104 are arranged axially symmetrically
  • each piezoelectric element 222 and the corresponding piezoelectric sheet 212 have the same axis of symmetry. It can be understood that the plurality of piezoelectric elements 222 can be obtained after the plurality of piezoelectric sheets 212 are turned over by 180 degrees.
  • the structure of the first piezoelectric unit formed by the plurality of piezoelectric sheets 212 is the same as the structure of the second piezoelectric unit formed by the plurality of piezoelectric elements 222.
  • the first piezoelectric unit and the second piezoelectric unit have the same structure.
  • the same structural design can be adopted, which not only saves the assembly process of the second piezoelectric unit, but also saves the material cost of the speaker.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic structural diagram of the speaker 30 provided by the embodiment of the present application in the third embodiment.
  • the speaker 30 includes a base 311 and at least two piezoelectric sheets 312 fixed on the base 311 .
  • the at least two piezoelectric sheets 312 include a first piezoelectric sheet 3101 and a second piezoelectric sheet 3102 , and the extending direction of the first piezoelectric sheet 3101 intersects with the extending direction of the second piezoelectric sheet 3102 .
  • the extending direction of the first piezoelectric sheet 3101 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the second piezoelectric sheet 3102 .
  • the structure of the speaker 30 shown in this embodiment can be combined with any design of the speaker 30 in the first implementation manner to the fifth implementation manner in the first embodiment.
  • the speaker 30 is provided with a first sound outlet 301 and a second sound outlet 302 arranged at intervals.
  • the cover 327 is located above the base 311 .
  • the first sound outlet 301 is located on the side of the base 311 .
  • the second sound outlet 302 is located on the side of the cover body 327 , and the orientation of the second sound outlet 302 is the same as that of the first sound outlet 301 . That is, the sound exit directions of the first sound exit hole 301 and the second sound exit hole 302 are the same.
  • the first sound outlet 301 and the second sound outlet 302 are both located on the same side of the speaker 30 , so that only one sound outlet corresponding to the side of the speaker 30 can be set in the electronic device applying the speaker 30 channels, reducing the number of openings for electronic devices.
  • the orientation of the first sound outlet 301 and the orientation of the second sound outlet 302 can also be different, which is not limited in the present application.
  • the first sound hole 301 and the second sound hole 302 are located on opposite sides of the speaker 30 respectively, or the first sound hole 301 is located on the side of the speaker 30 and the second sound hole 302 is located on the side of the speaker 30 top side.
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the speaker 30 shown in FIG. 23 ;
  • FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of the speaker 30 shown in FIG. 23 .
  • the speaker 30 shown in FIG. 24 does not have the cover 327 shown.
  • the speaker 30 further includes a piezoelectric sheet 312, a transmission member 313, a fixed ring 314, a diaphragm 315, a dome 316, an outer frame 321, a piezoelectric member 322, a connecting member 323, a fixed frame 324, a matching vibration Membrane 325 and matching dome 326.
  • the dome 316 is used to increase the weight of the diaphragm 315 .
  • the matching dome 326 is used to increase the weight of the matching diaphragm 325 .
  • the fixing ring 314 is used to fix the diaphragm 315 .
  • the fixing frame 324 is used for fixing the matching diaphragm 325 .
  • the outer frame 321 is used for fixing to the piezoelectric sheet 312 and the piezoelectric element 322 . Exemplarily, the number of piezoelectric sheets 312 and piezoelectric elements 322 is multiple.
  • the base 311 and the cover 327 are respectively provided with notches, and the fixing ring 314 is fixedly connected to the base 311 , so that the notch of the base 311 and the fixing ring 314 form the first sound outlet 301 , the fixing frame 324 and the cover 327 Fixed connection, so that the gap of the cover body 327 and the fixed frame 324 form the second sound outlet 302 .
  • the outer frame 321 includes a first outer frame 3211 and a second outer frame 3212 .
  • the first outer frame 3211 is used for fixing the piezoelectric sheet 312
  • the second outer frame 3212 is used for fixing the piezoelectric element 322 .
  • the structure for fixing the plurality of piezoelectric sheets 312 is provided separately from the structure for fixing the plurality of piezoelectric elements 322 , which facilitates the assembly of the plurality of piezoelectric sheets 312 and the plurality of piezoelectric elements 322 .
  • the first outer frame 3211 and the second outer frame 3212 can also be integrally formed to save the number of parts of the speaker 30 , which is not limited in the present application.
  • FIG. 26 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure shown in FIG. 23 along the line B-B.
  • the fixing ring 314 is fixed above the base 311 .
  • the outer periphery of the diaphragm 315 is fixed to the fixing ring 314 .
  • the first outer frame 3211 is located above the fixing ring 314 , and the piezoelectric sheet 312 is fixed above the first outer frame 3211 .
  • the fixed end 112 a of the piezoelectric sheet 312 and the periphery of the vibrating film 315 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the base 311 , and the vibrating film 315 is located between the piezoelectric sheet 312 and the bottom wall 111 a of the base 311 .
  • the second outer frame 3212 is fixed above the first outer frame 3211
  • the piezoelectric element 322 is fixed above the second outer frame 3212 .
  • the fixing frame 324 is fixed below the cover body 327 and above the second outer frame 3212 .
  • the outer periphery of the matching diaphragm 325 is fixed to the fixing frame 324 .
  • the fixed end 112 a of the piezoelectric element 322 and the peripheral edge of the matching diaphragm 325 are both fixedly connected to the peripheral side wall of the cover body 327 .
  • the matching diaphragm 325 is located between the piezoelectric element 322 and the top wall 127 a of the cover body 327 .
  • first outer frame 3211 and the second outer frame 3212 in the outer frame 321 are fixedly connected between the fixing ring 314 and the fixing frame 324, and are connected with the fixing ring 314, the diaphragm 315, the fixing frame 324 and the matching diaphragm. 325 forms back cavity 330 .
  • the diaphragm 315 and the base 311 form a first front cavity 310 , and the first front cavity 310 communicates with the first sound outlet 301 .
  • the matching diaphragm 325 and the cover body 327 form a second front cavity 320 , and the second front cavity 320 communicates with the second sound outlet 302 .
  • the diaphragm 315 is fixed on the fixing ring 314 to prevent the sound output gap on the base 311 from affecting the integrity of the vibration of the diaphragm 315 when the diaphragm 315 is fixed on the base 311 , thereby ensuring the acoustic performance of the speaker 30 .
  • the matching diaphragm 325 is fixed on the fixing frame 324 to avoid that when the matching diaphragm 325 is fixed on the cover body 327 , the sound output gap on the cover body 327 affects the integrity of the vibration of the matching diaphragm 325 , thereby ensuring the acoustic performance of the speaker 30 .
  • the ring portion 3152 in the diaphragm 315 protrudes downward relative to the diaphragm body 3151
  • the ring portion 3252 in the matching diaphragm 325 protrudes upward relative to the diaphragm body 3251
  • the dome 316 and the transmission member 313 are respectively fixed on the opposite sides of the diaphragm body 3151
  • the matching dome 326 and the connecting member 323 are respectively fixed on the opposite sides of the diaphragm body 3251, which is conducive to the compression of the diaphragm body 3251.
  • the stability of the acoustic performance of the electric speaker 30 is conducive to the compression of the diaphragm body 3251.
  • the dome 316 and the transmission member 313 can also be fixed on the same side of the diaphragm body 3151 , or the matching dome 326 and the connecting member 323 can also be fixed on the same side of the diaphragm body 3251 . Not limited.
  • the folded ring portion 3152 in the diaphragm 315 protrudes downward relative to the diaphragm body 3151
  • the folded ring portion 3252 in the matching diaphragm 325 protrudes upward relative to the diaphragm body 3251 .
  • the vibration along the thickness direction of the speaker 30 can cancel each other out with the vibration along the thickness direction of the speaker 30 generated by the matching diaphragm 325 , thereby reducing the impact of the vibration of the speaker 30 on the electronic device.
  • the folded ring portion 3252 is disposed opposite to the folded ring portion 3152, which further effectively cancels the vibration generated by the diaphragm 315 and the matching diaphragm 325 in the thickness direction of the speaker 30, thereby greatly reducing the speaker 30.
  • the vibration of the shock to the electronic equipment can also be partially opposite to each other, that is, the projection of the folding ring portion 3252 on the base 311 and the projection of the folding ring portion 3152 on the base 311 partially overlap. This is not limited.
  • FIG. 27 is a schematic structural diagram of the speaker 40 provided by the embodiment of the present application in the fourth embodiment.
  • the speaker includes a base and at least two piezoelectric sheets fixed to the base.
  • the at least two piezoelectric sheets include a first piezoelectric sheet and a second piezoelectric sheet, and the extending direction of the first piezoelectric sheet intersects with the extending direction of the second piezoelectric sheet.
  • the extending direction of the first piezoelectric sheet is perpendicular to the extending direction of the second piezoelectric sheet.
  • any one of the speaker designs in the first implementation manner to the fifth implementation manner in the first embodiment may also be combined with this embodiment.
  • the loudspeaker includes a diaphragm and a matching diaphragm.
  • the loudspeaker only includes a single-layer diaphragm.
  • the speaker 40 is provided with a single sound outlet 401 .
  • the sound outlet 401 is located on the side of the cover body 417 .
  • the sound outlet 401 may also be located at other positions of the speaker 40 , for example, the sound outlet 401 is located on the side of the base 411 , which is not limited in the present application.
  • the speaker 40 is only provided with a single diaphragm 415 and a sound outlet hole 401 corresponding to the diaphragm 415 , which reduces the number of structures in the speaker 40 , thereby reducing the cost of the speaker 40 .
  • FIG. 28 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the speaker 40 shown in FIG. 27 ;
  • FIG. 29 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of the speaker 40 shown in FIG. 27 .
  • the speaker 40 further includes a piezoelectric sheet 412 , a transmission member 413 , a diaphragm fixing ring 414 , a diaphragm 415 and a dome 416 .
  • the transmission member 413 is used to transmit the vibration of the piezoelectric sheet 412 to the diaphragm 415 .
  • the edge of the base 411 is provided with a notch 4110 for accommodating the piezoelectric sheet 412 , and the thickness of the piezoelectric sheet 412 is multiplexed with the thickness of the base 411 , thereby reducing the thickness of the speaker 40 .
  • the diaphragm fixing ring 414 is in a closed ring shape and is used for continuous connection with the periphery of the diaphragm 415 to improve the reliability of the speaker 40 .
  • FIG. 30 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure shown in FIG. 27 along the line C-C.
  • the diaphragm fixing ring 414 is fixed above the base 411 .
  • the diaphragm 415 is fixed to the diaphragm fixing ring 414 .
  • the outer periphery of the diaphragm 415 is fixed to the diaphragm fixing ring 414 .
  • the diaphragm fixing ring 414 , the diaphragm 415 and the base 411 are jointly enclosed to form a back cavity 410 .
  • the cover body 417 is fixed above the diaphragm fixing ring 414 .
  • the cover body 417 and the diaphragm 415 form a front cavity 420 , and the sound outlet 401 communicates with the front cavity 420 .
  • the diaphragm fixing ring 414 is in a closed ring shape, and the periphery of the diaphragm 415 can be sealed with the diaphragm fixing ring 414 to ensure the sealing of the back cavity 410 , thereby ensuring the acoustic performance of the speaker 40 .
  • the periphery of the diaphragm 415 can also be fixed to the base 411 , and in this case, the speaker 40 can also not include the diaphragm fixing ring 414 , which is not limited in the present application.
  • the piezoelectric sheet 412 is fixed to the notch 4110 of the base 411 , and the upper surface of the piezoelectric sheet 412 is flush with the upper surface of the base 411 .
  • the end of the piezoelectric sheet 412 is accommodated in the notch 4110 of the base 411 , and the upper surface of the piezoelectric sheet 412 is flush with the upper surface of the base 411 , so that the diaphragm fixing ring 414 fixed on the base 411 and the The base 411 can be connected in a sealed manner, thereby ensuring the sealing of the back cavity 410 .
  • FIG. 31 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the speaker 50 provided by the embodiment of the present application in the fifth embodiment.
  • the speaker 50 includes a base 511 and at least two piezoelectric sheets 512 fixed on the base 511 .
  • the at least two piezoelectric sheets 512 include a first piezoelectric sheet and a second piezoelectric sheet, and the extending direction of the first piezoelectric sheet intersects with the extending direction of the second piezoelectric sheet.
  • the extending direction of the first piezoelectric sheet is perpendicular to the extending direction of the second piezoelectric sheet.
  • the structure of the speaker 50 shown in this embodiment can be combined with any one of the speaker designs in the first implementation manner to the fifth implementation manner in the first embodiment. The following mainly describes the technical features different from the fifth embodiment and the preceding embodiments.
  • the piezoelectric sheet 512 is fixed on the base 511 .
  • the diaphragm fixing ring 514 is located above the base 511 for fixing the diaphragm 515 .
  • the diaphragm 515 is fixed above the diaphragm fixing ring 514 , and the diaphragm 515 , the diaphragm fixing ring 514 and the base 511 form a back cavity 510 .
  • the cover body 517 is fixed above the diaphragm fixing ring 514 , and forms a front cavity 520 with the diaphragm 515 .
  • the side of the cover body 517 facing the diaphragm 515 is provided with a sound outlet hole 501 , that is, the sound outlet hole 501 of the speaker 50 is located on the top of the cover body 517 .
  • the opening direction of the sound outlet hole 501 in the speaker 50 is the same as the placement direction of the diaphragm 515 , which is beneficial to improve the sound output effect of the speaker 50 .
  • the sound outlet 501 of the speaker 50 is located on the top of the cover 517, and the speaker 50 can be adapted to different types of electronic devices.
  • the opening of the sound outlet channel in the electronic device is located on the front of the electronic device
  • the sound outlet hole 501 of the speaker 50 is located on the top of the cover 517
  • the thickness direction of the speaker 50 is the same as that of the electronic device, which is beneficial to reduce the overall thickness of the electronic device.
  • the number of sound outlet holes 501 is multiple, and the plurality of sound outlet holes 501 are arranged at intervals.
  • the number of the sound holes 501 located on the top of the speaker 50 is multiple, and the sound holes 501 are arranged at intervals, which reduces the aperture size of the top sound holes 501 and reduces the self-sound of debris.
  • the risk of the hole 501 entering the inside of the speaker 50 is beneficial to improve the reliability of the speaker 50 .
  • FIG. 32 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the speaker 60 provided by the embodiment of the present application in Embodiment 6
  • FIG. 33 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the speaker 60 provided by the embodiment of the present application in Embodiment 6.
  • the speaker 60 includes a base 611 , a piezoelectric sheet 612 , a transmission member 613 and a diaphragm 615 .
  • the piezoelectric sheet 612 includes a fixed end 612a and a floating end 612b.
  • the fixed end 612 a of the piezoelectric sheet 612 is fixed to the base 611
  • the suspended end 612 b of the piezoelectric sheet 612 is suspended inside the base 611 .
  • the transmission member 613 is fixed on the suspended end 612 b of the piezoelectric sheet 612 .
  • the piezoelectric sheet 612 is made of piezoelectric material, and the piezoelectric sheet 612 is deformed under the driving voltage to drive the transmission member 613 to vibrate, thereby driving the vibrating membrane 615 to vibrate to realize the sound of the speaker 60 .
  • the speaker 60 vibrates through the piezoelectric sheet 612 disposed on the base 611, and then drives the diaphragm 615 to vibrate through the transmission member 613.
  • the piezoelectric sheet 612 and the transmission member 613 form a cantilever structure in the base 611, which can The resonant frequency of the loudspeaker 60 is lowered to improve the acoustic performance of the loudspeaker 60 .
  • the piezoelectric sheet 612 includes a first part 6121 and a second part 6122 .
  • One end of the first part 6121 is fixedly connected to the base 611 , and the other end is suspended inside the base 611 .
  • the second portion 6122 extends from the first portion 6121 in a direction away from the base 611 .
  • one end of the first part 6121 away from the second part 6122 is the fixed end 612a of the piezoelectric sheet 612 .
  • One end of the first part 6121 close to the second part 6122 and the second part 6122 are the suspended ends 612b of the piezoelectric sheet 612 , and the extending direction of the first part 6121 is the same as the extending direction of the second part 6122 .
  • the first part 6121 is made of piezoelectric material.
  • the second part 6122 is made of non-piezoelectric material, and the material density of the second part 6122 is lower than that of the first part 6121 , and the transmission member 613 is fixed to the second part 6122 .
  • the first part 6121 is deformed under the driving of the driving voltage, which drives the second part 6122 to vibrate and the transmission member 613 to vibrate.
  • the piezoelectric sheet 612 includes a first part 6121 made of piezoelectric material and a second part 6122 of non-piezoelectric material, which reduces the length of the part using piezoelectric material in the piezoelectric sheet 612, which is beneficial to improve the pressure
  • the amplitude of the electric sheet 612 is thus beneficial to improve the acoustic performance of the speaker 60 .
  • the material density of the second part 6122 is smaller than that of the first part 6121 , which increases the resonance frequency of the piezoelectric sheet 612 .
  • the first part 6121 and the second part 6122 are fixedly connected by means of bonding.
  • the present application does not limit the fixed connection manner of the first part 6121 and the second part 6122 .
  • the second part 6122 is made of hard material, so that the vibration generated by the first part 6121 can be effectively transmitted to the diaphragm 615 through the second part 6122 and the transmission member 613 .
  • the second portion 6122 is made of rigid and lightweight material.
  • the material used for the second part 6122 may be a light metal material or a high polymer material, which is not limited in this application.
  • the material used for the second part 6122 includes but is not limited to aluminum, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethacrylimide (PMI) or polyurethane (polyurethane, PU) etc.
  • the number of piezoelectric sheets 612 is plural.
  • the extending direction of one piezoelectric sheet 612 among the plurality of piezoelectric sheets 612 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the other three piezoelectric sheets 612 .
  • the extension directions of the plurality of piezoelectric sheets 612 may also be the same or opposite, that is, the angle formed by the extension direction of one piezoelectric sheet 612 and the extension direction of another piezoelectric sheet 612 may also be equal to 180 degrees or 0 degrees, which is not limited in this application.
  • FIG. 34 is an enlarged schematic structural diagram of part D shown in FIG. 33 .
  • the second portion 6122 includes a first deck 6123 , a second deck 6124 and an end side 6125 .
  • the first board surface 6123 and the second board surface 6124 are disposed opposite to each other, and the end side surface 6125 is connected between the first board surface 6123 and the second board surface 6124 .
  • the first part 6121 is fixed to the end side surface 6125 .
  • the length of the first board surface 6123 is less than or greater than the length of the second board surface 6124 .
  • the area of the end side surface 6125 connected between the first board surface 6123 and the second board surface 6124 is larger than the area of the side surface (surface in the thickness direction) perpendicular to the first board surface 6123 and the second board surface 6124, That is, one end of the second portion 6122 toward the first portion 6121 and one end of the first portion 6121 toward the second portion 6122 are partially thinned, so that the first portion 6121 and the second portion 6122 are fixedly connected in dislocation.
  • the end side surface 6125 of the second part 6122 used for fixedly connecting the first part 6121 is inclined, and the area of the end side surface 6125 is increased without increasing the thickness of the first part 6121 and the second part 6122.
  • the end side surface 6125 of the second portion 6122 is a stepped surface.
  • the end side surface 6125 may also have other shapes, which are not limited in the present application.
  • FIG. 35 is a top view of a partial structure of the speaker 70 provided in the embodiment of the present application in the seventh embodiment.
  • the speaker 70 includes a base 711 and at least two piezoelectric sheets 712 fixed to the base 711 .
  • the at least two piezoelectric sheets 712 include a first piezoelectric sheet 7101 and a second piezoelectric sheet 7102 , and the extending direction of the first piezoelectric sheet 7101 intersects with the extending direction of the second piezoelectric sheet 7102 .
  • the extending direction of the first piezoelectric sheet 7101 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the second piezoelectric sheet 7102 .
  • the structure of the speaker 70 shown in this embodiment can be combined with any one of the speaker designs in the first implementation manner to the fifth implementation manner in the first embodiment. The following mainly describes the different technical features of the seventh embodiment and the preceding embodiments.
  • the top view of the base 711 is circular.
  • the piezoelectric sheet 712 is fixed on the edge of the annular base 711 .
  • the number of piezoelectric sheets 712 is two.
  • the two piezoelectric sheets 712 are respectively fixed on the periphery of the base 711 , and the extending directions of the two piezoelectric sheets 712 intersect.
  • the top views of the speakers are all rectangular, and in this seventh embodiment, the top views of the speakers are circular. It can be understood that the present application does not limit the appearance and shape of the speaker, and those skilled in the art can design the shape of the speaker according to actual requirements.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Piezo-Electric Transducers For Audible Bands (AREA)

Abstract

本申请实施例公开了一种扬声器及包括此扬声器的电子设备。扬声器包括底座、多个压电片、多个传动件和振膜,各压电片均包括固定端和悬空端,各压电片的固定端均固定于底座,各压电片的悬空端均悬置于底座的内侧,多个压电片错开排布;多个传动件一一对应地固定于多个压电片的悬空端,且均固定连接振膜的中部,振膜的周缘固定连接底座;其中,多个压电片包括第一压电片和第二压电片,第一压电片的延伸方向与第二压电片的延伸方向相交。本申请提供的扬声器可以降低振膜的滚振现象,提高了扬声器的声学性能。

Description

扬声器及电子设备
本申请要求于2020年12月28日提交中国专利局、申请号为202011589505.8、申请名称为“扬声器及电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及电子技术领域,尤其涉及一种扬声器及电子设备。
背景技术
压电扬声器相比传统的动圈式扬声器具有小、薄、轻、无磁场干扰等优点,广泛地应用于手机、电脑、多媒体播放器等电子设备。传统技术中,压电扬声器包括压电片及与压电片层叠设置的振膜,压电片在驱动电压的驱动下振动,带动振膜振动,以实现扬声器的发声。但是,压电片和振膜层叠设置,压电片对振膜的作用为弯曲力矩,使得振膜的振动不均匀,滚振现象明显,降低了扬声器的声学性能问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种扬声器及包括此扬声器的电子设备,扬声器包括压电片、振膜和固定连接在压电片与振膜之间的传动件,通过传动件将压电片产生的振动传递至振膜,减小了振膜的滚振现象,从而提高了扬声器的声学性能。
第一方面,本申请公开了一种扬声器。扬声器包括底座、多个压电片、多个传动件和振膜。各所述压电片均包括固定端和悬空端。各所述压电片的固定端均固定于所述底座,各所述压电片的悬空端均悬置于所述底座的内侧。多个所述压电片错开排布。多个所述传动件一一对应地固定于多个所述压电片的悬空端,且均固定连接所述振膜的中部,所述振膜的周缘固定连接所述底座。
在本申请中,扬声器通过设置在底座上的压电片产生振动,再经过传动件带动振膜振动,压电片和传动件在底座内形成悬臂梁结构,扬声器具有较佳的声学性能。与此同时,传动件与压电片的数量均为多个,每个压电片上均设有与振膜固定连接的传动件,每个压电片产生的振动通过对应的传动件传递至振膜,使得扬声器实现多个压电悬臂梁结构,有利于提升振膜的振动幅度,从而提高了扬声器的声学性能。
其中,多个所述压电片包括第一压电片和第二压电片。所述第一压电片的延伸方向与所述第二压电片的延伸方向相交。
在本申请中,第一压电片的延伸方向与第二压电片的延伸方向相交,避免了第一压电片的延伸方向与第二压电片的延伸方向相反,而导致第一压电片与第二压电片的横向振动位移相互锁止,使得第一压电片与第二压电片能够有效地振动,从而提高了扬声器的可靠性。
一种可能的实现方式中,所述第一压电片的延伸方向与所述第二压电片的延伸方向垂直。
在本申请中,第一压电片的延伸方向和第二压电片的延伸方向垂直,第一压电片的横向振动与第二压电片的横向振动之间的干扰较小,从而进一步地提高了扬声器的声学性能。
一种可能的实现方式中,所述底座包括相邻且相交设置的第一侧壁和第二侧壁。所述第一压电片的固定端固定于所述第一侧壁,第二压电片的固定端固定于所述第二侧壁。示例性 的,底座大致呈矩形,也即第一侧壁和第二侧壁形成的角度为9度。在其他实施例中,底座也能够呈其他形状,第一侧壁和第二侧壁形成的角度也能够为其他角度,本申请对此并不限定。
在本申请中,第一压电片与第二压电片分别固定于底座相邻且相交设置的两个侧壁,避免第一压电片与第二压电片分别固定于底座相对设置的两个侧壁,而导致第一压电片与第二压电片的横向振动位移相互锁止,使得第一压电片与第二压电片能够有效地振动,从而提高了扬声器的可靠性。
一种可能的实现方式中,第一压电片和第二压电片的驱动信号相同。示例性的,第一压电片中的第一电极和第二电极之间的驱动电压,与第二压电片中的第一电极和第二电极之间的驱动电压相同。
一种可能的实现方式中,第一压电片的形状不同于第二压电片的形状。第一压电片的尺寸不同于第二压电片的尺寸。示例性的,第一压电片的长度不同于第二压电片的长度。其中,第一压电片在其延伸方向的尺寸上为第一压电片的长度方向。第二压电片在其延伸方向的尺寸上为第二压电片的长度方向。在其他实施例中,第一压电片的宽度也可以不同于第二压电片的宽度,本申请对此并不限定。
在本申请中,第一压电片的形状不同于第二压电片的形状,第一压电片和第二压电片具有不同的共振频率,第一压电片的频响和第二压电片的频响可以相互补充,拓宽了扬声器声信号的带宽,减少了频响带宽的缺陷,从而提高了扬声器的声学性能。
与此同时,第一压电片的形状不同于第二压电片的形状,固定于第一压电片的传动件与固定于第二压电片的传动件位于扬声器的不同位置,有利于振膜在振动过程中峰和谷的相互补充,从而提高扬声器的声学性能。
一种可能的实现方式中,第一压电片采用的材质不同于第二压电片采用的材质不同。
在本申请中,第一压电片采用的材质不同于第二压电片采用的材质,第一压电片和第二压电片具有不同的共振频率,第一压电片的频响和第二压电片的频响可以相互补充,拓宽了扬声器声信号的带宽,减少了频响带宽的缺陷,从而提高了扬声器的声学性能。
其中,在本申请中,以第一压电片采用的材质和第二压电片采用的材质相同,均采用压电性能较好的压电材料为例来描写,通过调节第一压电片和第二压电片的尺寸或形状,来实现频响的调制。
一种可能的实现方式中,多个所述压电片还包括第三压电片。所述第三压电片的固定端固定于所述第二侧壁,所述第三压电片的延伸方向与所述第二压电片的延伸方向相同。或者,所述第三压电片的固定端固定于所述第一侧壁,所述第三压电片的延伸方向与所述第一压电片的延伸方向相同。
在本申请中,多个压电片还包括第三压电片,第三压电片的延伸方向与第一压电片或第二压电片的延伸方向相同,第三压电片与第一压电片或第二压电片均不是相对设置,避免第三压电片与第一压电片或第二压电片的振动相互锁止,从而提高了扬声器的声学性能。示例性的,多个压电片中不存在两个压电片之间的延伸方向相反,也即多个压电片中不存在两个压电片相对设置,避免多个压电片中任意两个压电片相互锁止,从而进一步地提高了扬声器的声学性能。
一种可能的实现方式中,所述扬声器还包括罩体、多个压电件、多个连接件及匹配振膜。所述压电件包括固定端和悬空端,各所述压电件的固定端均固定于所述罩体,各所述压电件的悬空端均悬置于所述罩体的内侧。多个所述连接件一一对应地固定于多个所述压电件 的悬空端,且均固定连接所述匹配振膜的中部。多个压电件与多个连接件构成悬臂梁结构。
在本申请中,压电件的数量与压电片的数量相同,使得多个压电片产生的振动与多个压电件产生的振动相匹配,有利于提高扬声器的声学性能。在其他实施例中,压电件的数量也可以与压电片的数量不同,本申请对此并不限定。例如,压电件的数量大于压电片的数量,或者压电件的数量小于压电片的数量。
多个所述压电件包括第一压电件和第二压电件,所述第一压电件的延伸方向与所述第二压电件的延伸方向相交。所述匹配振膜的周缘固定连接所述罩体,所述罩体固定连接所述底座。所述匹配振膜与所述振膜之间形成所述扬声器的前腔或背腔。
在本申请中,扬声器还设有与振膜对应设置的匹配振膜,振膜产生的沿扬声器的厚度方向的振动能够与匹配振膜产生的沿扬声器的厚度方向的振动相互抵消,减小了扬声器的振动对电子设备的冲击。
一种可能的实现方式中,所述底座包括底壁和环绕所述底壁设置的侧壁。底座的底壁与底座的侧壁围设形成底座的内侧。所述压电片的固定端、振膜的周缘均固定连接所述底座的侧壁。所述压电片位于所述振膜与所述底座的底壁之间。在本申请中,固定于底座的侧壁的压电片为压电片的固定端,位于底座的内侧的压电片为压电片的悬空端。
所述罩体包括顶壁和环绕所述顶壁的周侧壁。罩体的顶壁与罩体的周侧壁围设形成罩体的内侧。所述压电件的固定端、所述匹配振膜的周缘均固定连接所述罩体的周侧壁。所述压电件位于所述匹配振膜与所述罩体的顶壁之间,且所述匹配振膜和所述振膜之间形成所述扬声器的前腔。
在本申请中,振膜位于压电片远离底座的底壁的一侧,匹配振膜位于压电件远离罩体的顶壁的一侧,振膜与匹配振膜之间形成扬声器的前腔,以使扬声器形成单口出音效果。
一种可能的实现方式中,所述扬声器还包括边框,所述边框固定连接在所述底座与所述罩体的之间。所述边框设有出音孔,所述出音孔连通所述前腔。边框可以设有缺口或通孔,以形成出音孔。出音孔连通前腔,出音孔用于传递扬声器产生的声音信号。
在本实施例中,通过第二单元设置边框,在边框上设有缺口形成出音孔,以实现出音孔位于扬声器的侧边。在其他实施例中,出音孔也能够位于第二单元的其他部件,出音孔也能够位于第一单元的侧边,本申请对此并不限定。
一种可能的实现方式中,所述底座包括底壁和环绕所述底壁设置的侧壁。所述压电片的固定端、振膜的周缘均固定连接所述底座的侧壁。所述振膜位于所述压电片与所述底座的底壁之间。所述罩体包括顶壁和环绕所述顶壁的周侧壁,所述压电件的固定端、所述匹配振膜的周缘均固定连接所述罩体的周侧壁。所述匹配振膜位于所述压电件与所述罩体的顶壁之间,且所述匹配振膜和所述振膜之间形成所述扬声器的背腔。
在本申请中,振膜位于压电片靠近底座的底壁的一侧,匹配振膜位于压电件靠近罩体的顶壁的一侧,以使振膜与匹配振膜之间形成扬声器的背腔。
一种可能的实现方式中,所述底座的侧边设有第一出音孔,所述底座与所述振膜之间形成第一前腔。所述第一前腔连通所述第一出音孔。所述罩体的侧边设有第二出音孔,所述罩体与所述匹配振膜之间形成第二前腔,所述第二前腔连通所述第二出音孔。
在本申请中,底座与振膜之间形成第一前腔,底座的侧边设有与第一前腔连通的第一出音孔,罩体与匹配振膜之间形成第二前腔,罩体的侧边设有与第二前腔连通的第二出音孔,使得扬声器实现多出音的效果。
一种可能的实现方式中,所述多个压电片形成第一压电单元,所述多个压电件形成第二 压电单元。所述第一压电单元的结构与所述第二压电单元的结构相同。示例性的,多个压电件还包括第三压电件和第四压电件。第一压电件的延伸方向与第一压电片的延伸方向相同。第二压电件的延伸方向与第二压电片的延伸方向相同。第三压电件的延伸方向和第四压电件的延伸方向均与第二压电件的延伸方向相同。其中,第一压电件在振膜上的投影与第一压电片在振膜上的投影,相对扬声器的宽度方向对称。第三压电件在振膜上的投影与第三压电片在振膜上的投影,相对扬声器的宽度方向对称。示例性的,扬声器的宽度方向与第一压电片的延伸方向平行。
在本申请中,多个压电片形成的第一压电单元的结构,与多个压电件形成的第二压电单元的结构相同,第一压电单元与第二压电单元能够采用相同的结构设计,不仅节省了第二压电单元的组装工艺,也节省扬声器的物料成本。可以理解的,第一单元中的多个压电片翻转180度后即可得到第二单元中的多个压电件。
一种可能的实现方式中,所述多个压电片形成第一压电单元,所述多个压电件形成第二压电单元。所述第一压电单元的结构与所述第二压电单元的结构呈镜面对称结构,且对称面平行于振膜。示例性的,各压电片与对应的压电件在底座的正投影重叠。
在本申请中,第一压电单元的结构与第二压电单元的结构呈镜面对称结构,且对称面平行于振膜,使得上下压电单元完全对称,进一步地减小了各压电片及各压电件对电子设备产生的冲击。
一种可能的实现方式中,所述振膜包括振膜本体和折环部。所述折环部的内侧连接于所述振膜本体的周缘,所述折环部的外侧连接于所述底座。所述折环部的中部相对所述振膜本体沿第一方向凸出。所述第一方向与所述扬声器的厚度方向平行,多个所述传动件均固定连接所述振膜本体。所述匹配振膜包括振膜本体和折环部,所述折环部的内侧连接于所述振膜本体的周缘,所述折环部的外侧连接于所述罩体,所述折环部的中部相对所述振膜本体沿第二方向凸出。
在本申请中,振膜包括振膜本体和相对振膜本体凸出的折环部,折环部在垂直于扬声器的厚度方向上设有形变余量,有效地提高了振膜的径向刚度,改善了扬声器中振膜的滚振现象,从而降低了扬声器的失真,提高了扬声器的声学性能。
一种可能的实现方式中,所述第二方向与所述第一方向相反,且所述振膜中的折环部在所述底座上的投影与所述匹配振膜中的折环部在所述底座上的投影至少部分重叠。示例性的,振膜中的折环部与匹配振膜中的折环部正对设置。
在本申请中,振膜中折环部的凸出方向与匹配振膜中折环部的凸出方向相反,有利于振膜产生的沿扬声器的厚度方向的振动能够与匹配振膜产生的沿扬声器的厚度方向的振动相互抵消,减小了扬声器的振动对电子设备的冲击。与此同时,匹配振膜的折环部与振膜的折环部正对设置,进一步有效地抵消了振膜与匹配振膜在扬声器的厚度方向上产生的振动,从而大大减小了扬声器的振动对电子设备的冲击。
一种可能的实现方式中,所述扬声器还包括罩体。所述罩体固定于所述底座的上方。所述底座与所述振膜之间形成背腔,所述罩体与所述振膜之间形成前腔,所述罩体设有与所述前腔连通的出音孔。
在本申请中,扬声器中罩体与振膜之间形成前腔,且罩体设有与前腔连通的出音孔,以使扬声器产生的声信号通过出音孔传递至扬声器的外部。
一种可能的实现方式中,多个所述压电片中至少一个所述压电片包括第一部分和第二部分。所述第一部分远离所述第二部分的一端为所述压电片的固定端,所述第一部分靠近所述 第二部分的一端和所述第二部分为所述压电片的悬空端,且第一部分的延伸方向与所述第二部分的延伸方向相同。其中,所述第一部分采用压电材料,所述第二部分的材料密度小于所述第一部分的材料密度。
在本申请中,压电片包括采用压电材料的第一部分和非压电材料的第二部分,减小了压电片中采用压电材料部分的长度,有利于提高压电片的振幅,从而有利于提高扬声器的声学性能。与此同时,第二部分的材料密度小于第一部分的材料密度,提高了压电片的共振频率。
在一些实施例中,第一部分与第二部分通过粘接的方式固定连接。本申请并不限定第一部分和第二部分的固定连接方式。其中,第二部分采用硬质材料,以使第一部分产生的振动能够有效地通过第二部分和传动件传递至振膜。可以理解的,第二部分采用硬性且轻质的材料。第二部分采用的材料可以是轻质的金属材料,也可以是高聚物材料,本申请并不限定。示例性的,第二部分采用的材料包括但不仅限于铝、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(polyethylene terephthalate,PET)、聚甲基丙烯酰亚胺(polymethacrylimide,PMI)或聚氨酯(polyurethane,PU)等。
一种可能的实现方式中,所述第二部分包括第一板面、第二板面及端侧面。所述第一板面与所述第二板面相背设置,所述端侧面连接在所述第一板面与所述第二板面之间。所述端侧面为倾斜面或台阶面,所述第一部分连接所述端侧面。
在本申请中,用于固定连接第一部分的端侧面为倾斜面或台阶面,在不增加第一部分和第二部分厚度的基础上增加了端侧面的面积,增加了第一部分和第二部分固定连接的面积,从而提高了压电片整体的可靠性。示例性的,第二部分的端侧面呈台阶面。在其实施方式中,端侧面也可以呈其他形状,本申请对此并不限定。
一种可能的实现方式中,所述扬声器还包括第一电极和第二电极,所述第一电极和所述第二电极均固定于所述压电片的固定端。
压电片通过第一电极和第二电极接收驱动电压。示例性的,第一电极和第二电极的刚度小,并且延展性好,能够在压电片振动的过程中保证足够的延展性。在本实施例中,压电片位于底座的内侧,压电片并未相对底座露出,也即压电片并未伸出至底座的外部,有利于减小扬声器的体积。
第二方面,本申请还提供一种扬声器。扬声器包括底座、压电片、传动件和振膜,所述压电片包括固定端和悬空端,所述压电片的固定端均固定于所述底座,所述压电片的悬空端悬置于所述底座的内侧,所述传动件固定于所述压电片的悬空端,且固定连接所述振膜的中部,所述振膜的周缘固定连接所述底座。其中,所述压电片包括第一部分和第二部分,所述第一部分远离所述第二部分的一端为所述压电片的固定端,所述第一部分靠近所述第二部分的一端和所述第二部分为所述压电片的悬空端,且第一部分的延伸方向与所述第二部分的延伸方向相同。其中,所述第一部分采用压电材料,所述第二部分的材料密度小于所述第一部分的材料密度。
在本申请中,压电片包括采用压电材料的第一部分和非压电材料的第二部分,减小了压电片中采用压电材料部分的长度,有利于提高压电片的振幅,从而有利于提高扬声器的声学性能。与此同时,第二部分的材料密度小于第一部分的材料密度,提高了压电片的共振频率。
一种可能的实现方式中,所述第二部分包括第一板面、第二板面及端侧面。所述第一板面与所述第二板面相背设置,所述端侧面连接在所述第一板面与所述第二板面之间。所述端 侧面为倾斜面或台阶面,所述第一部分连接所述端侧面。
在本申请中,用于固定连接第一部分的端侧面为倾斜面或台阶面,在不增加第一部分和第二部分厚度的基础上增加了端侧面的面积,增加了第一部分和第二部分固定连接的面积,从而提高了压电片整体的可靠性。示例性的,第二部分的端侧面呈台阶面。在其实施方式中,端侧面也可以呈其他形状,本申请对此并不限定。
第三方面,本申请还提供一种电子设备。电子设备包括壳体和如上所述的扬声器,所述扬声器安装于所述壳体。
在本申请中,电子设备采用上述扬声器,扬声器具有较高的声学性能,提高了电子设备的质量。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的电子设备的部分结构示意图;
图2是本申请实施例提供的扬声器在实施例一中的结构示意图;
图3是图2所示扬声器的部分分解结构示意图;
图4是图3所示第一单元的分解结构示意图;
图5是图3所示第二单元在第一实现方式中的分解结构示意图;
图6是图2所示结构沿A-A线处的截面示意图;
图7是图4所示底座和压电片的俯视图;
图8是图5所示第二单元的部分结构示意图;
图9是图8所示结构的俯视图;
图10是图3所示第二单元在第二实现方式中的部分结构示意图;
图11是图10所示结构的俯视图;
图12是图2所示结构沿A-A线处在第二实现方式中的部分截面示意图;
图13是图2所示扬声器在第三实现方式中的部分结构示意图;
图14是图13所示结构的俯视图;
图15是图2所示扬声器在第四实现方式中的部分结构的俯视图;
图16是图2所示扬声器在第五实现方式中的部分结构示意图;
图17是图16所示压电片和传动件在一种实施方式中的侧面示意图;
图18是图16所示压电片和传动件在另一种实施方式中的侧面示意图;
图19是图2所示扬声器在第五实现方式中的又一部分结构示意图;
图20是图1所示扬声器在实施例二中的结构示意图;
图21是图20所示结构的部分结构示意图;
图22是图21所示结构的俯视图;
图23是本申请实施例提供的扬声器在实施例三中的结构示意图;
图24是图23所示扬声器的部分结构示意图;
图25是图23所示扬声器的分解结构示意图;
图26是图23所示结构沿B-B线处的截面示意图;
图27是本申请实施例提供的扬声器在实施例四中的结构示意图;
图28是图27所示扬声器的部分结构示意图;
图29是图27所示扬声器的分解结构示意图;
图30是图27所示结构沿C-C线处的截面示意图;
图31是本申请实施例提供的扬声器在实施例五中的截面示意图;
图32是本申请实施例提供的扬声器在实施例六中的部分结构的俯视图;
图33是本申请实施例提供的扬声器在实施例六中的截面示意图;
图34是图33所示D部分的放大结构示意图;
图35是本申请实施例提供的扬声器在实施例七中的部分结构的俯视图。
具体实施方式
下面结合本申请实施例中的附图对本申请实施例进行描述。
本申请实施例中所提到的方位用语,例如,“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”等,仅是参考附图的方向,因此,使用的方位用语是为了更好、更清楚地说明及理解本申请实施例,而不是指示或暗指所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本申请实施例的限制。其中,本申请中提到连接可以是直接连接,也可以是间接连接,本申请对此并不限定。
请参阅图1,图1是本申请实施例提供的电子设备1000的部分结构示意图。为方便后文对电子设备1000的描述,定义电子设备1000的宽度方向为图示X方向,电子设备1000的长度方向为图示方向Y,电子设备1000的厚度方向为图示方向Z。电子设备1000的宽度方向X、电子设备1000的长度方向Y和电子设备1000的厚度方向X相互垂直。
电子设备1000可以是手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、可穿戴设备、扩音器、音响、耳机等具有播音功能的产品。可穿戴设备可以是智能手环、智能手表、增强现实(augmented reality,AR)眼镜、虚拟现实技术(virtual reality,VR)眼镜等。在本申请的实施例中,以电子设备1000是手机为例来进行描写。
电子设备1000包括壳体组件100和扬声器组件200。扬声器组件200安装于壳体组件10。扬声器组件200能够将电信号转换成声音信号,用于输出音频信号。扬声器组件200包括第一扬声器2001和第二扬声器2002。第一扬声器2001与第二扬声器2002均用于输出音频信号。第一扬声器2001和第二扬声器2002分别位于电子设备1000相背设置的两端。示例性的,第一扬声器2001位于电子设备1000的顶端,第二扬声器2002位于电子设备1000的底端。第一扬声器2001用于实现电子设备1000的通话,第二扬声器2002用于实现电子设备1000的音频播放。
在本实施例中,用于传递通话端用户声音的第一扬声器2001与实现音频播放功能的第二扬声器2002为不同的结构,使得电子设备1000在处于通话状态也能够实现音频播放,增加了电子设备1000的应用场景。例如,用户在使用电子设备1000打电话的过程中,也可以使用电子设备1000观看视频,此时用户不仅能够获取通话端的声音,也可以获取视频的声音。
在本实施例中,以电子设备1000包括两个扬声器(第一扬声器2001和第二扬声器2002)为例来进行描写。在其他实施例中,电子设备1000中扬声器的数量也能够为单个或两个以上,本申请对此并不限定。例如,当电子设备1000为智能手环时,电子设备1000可以仅包括单个扬声器。此外,本申请也不限定第一扬声器2001和第二扬声器2002在电子设备1000中的具体位置。在本申请中,以第一扬声器2001和第二扬声器2002分别位于电子设备1000的顶端和底端为例来进行描写。在其他实施例中,第一扬声器2001和第二扬声器2002也能够位于电子设备1000的其他位置。例如,电子设备1000为笔记本电脑时,第一扬声器2001和第二扬声器2002均位于笔记本电脑中键盘结构的上方。
在一些实施例中,壳体组件100设有第一出音通道3001和第二出音通道3002。第一出 音通道3001位于电子设备1000的顶部,用于将第一扬声器2001发出的声音信号传输至电子设备1000的外部。第二出音通道3002位于电子设备1000的底部,用于将第二扬声器2002发出的声音信号传输至电子设备1000的外部。其中,本申请也并不限定第一出音通道3001和第二出音通道3002的具体结构,本领域技术人员能够根据实际需求设计第一出音通道3001和第二出音通道3002的形状。
在本实施例中,第一出音通道3001位于壳体组件100的顶部,用户依据通话习惯手握电子设备1000时,第一出音通道3001的开口更靠近用户的耳朵,使得用户能够有效地自第一出音通道3001获取第一扬声器2001的声音信号,从而有利于提高电子设备1000的通话效果。与此同时,第二出音通道3002位于壳体组件100的底部,并且开口方向位于壳体组件100的侧面,不仅减少了电子设备1000正面开孔的数量,提高了电子设备1000的外观美感,而且避免了电子设备1000正常放置时第二出音通道3002的开口被堵塞,从而提高了电子设备1000的实用性。在其他一些实施例中,第一出音通道3001和/或第二出音通道3002也可以设于或部分设于电子设备1000的其他部件,例如屏幕。
以下通过实施例一至实施例七来介绍本申请提供的扬声器(10/20/30/40/50/60/70)。本申请提供的电子设备1000至少包括一个本申请提供的扬声器(10/20/30/40/50/60/70)。“至少一个”包含一个和一个以上。在本实施例中,以图1中第二扬声器2002采用本申请提供的扬声器(10/20/30/40/50/60/70)为例来进行描写。在其他实施例中,本申请提供的扬声器(10/20/30/40/50/60/70)也能够应用于图1中电子设备1000的第一扬声器2001,本申请对此并不限定。
请参阅图2,图2是本申请实施例提供的扬声器10在实施例一中的结构示意图。
扬声器10包括第一面101、第二面102和周侧面103。第一面101与第二面102相背设置。周侧面103连接在第一面101与第二面102之间。扬声器10开设有出音孔104。出音孔104用于与电子设备中的出音通道连通,以使扬声器10内部产生的声音信号依次经过出音孔104、出音通道传递至电子设备的外部。其中,出音孔104的开口位于周侧面103。也即,出音孔104的开口位于扬声器10的侧边。示例性的,在本实施例中,定义扬声器10的厚度方向与电子设备的厚度方向相同。第一面101与第二面102之间的距离为扬声器10的厚度。如图2所示,Z方向标示扬声器10的厚度方向,X方向标示扬声器10的长度方向,Y方向标示扬声器10的宽度方向。
在本实施例中,扬声器10中出音孔104的开口位于扬声器10的周侧面103,在保证电子设备侧边出音的基础上,扬声器10的厚度方向与电子设备的厚度方向相同,避免了出音孔104的开口位于第一面101或第二面102时,扬声器10的长度或宽度占据电子设备厚度方向较大的尺寸,从而减小了电子设备的厚度。在其他实施例中,扬声器10出音孔104的开口也能够位于第一面101或第二面102,本申请对此并不限定。
请一并参阅图3和图4,图3是图2所示扬声器10的部分分解结构示意图;图4是图3所示第一单元11的分解结构示意图。在一些实施例中,扬声器10包括第一单元11和安装于第一单元11的第二单元12。第一单元11与第二单元12互为匹配单元,也即,第二单元12为第一单元11的匹配单元,第一单元11也为第二单元12的匹配单元。本实施例以第二单元12为第一单元11的匹配单元为例进行说明。
示例性的,第一单元11包括底座111、压电片112、传动件113、固定环114、振膜115和球顶116。示例性的,底座111作为扬声器10的基座。例如,底座111包括底壁111a和环绕底壁111a周缘设置的侧壁111b,底壁111a与侧壁111b共同形成底座111的内侧空间。其中,底座111为硬质支撑件,可以采用金属、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(acrylonitrile butadiene  styrene copolymers,ABS)塑料等材料,本申请对此并不限定。
压电片112作为扬声器10的推动件。压电片112包括固定端112a和悬空端112b。压电片112的固定端112a固定于底座111的侧壁111b,压电片112的悬空端112b悬置于底座111的内侧。压电片112形成悬臂梁结构。压电片112采用压电材料,例如可以采用锆钛酸铅压电陶瓷材料、铌酸锂压电晶体材料、氮化铝或氧化锌等压电材料,本申请对此并不限定。图3中压电片112的形状仅为示例,本申请对此并不限定。
如图4所示,压电片112包括第一电极141和第二电极142。第一电极141和第二电极142可以分别作为压电片112的正极和负极。第一电极141和第二电极142位于压电片112的固定端112a。压电片112通过第一电极141和第二电极142接收驱动电压。示例性的,第一电极141和第二电极142的刚度小,并且延展性好,能够在压电片112振动的过程中保证足够的延展性。此外,第一电极141和第二电极142的形态配合压电片112进行设计。本申请并不限定第一电极141和第二电极142的材料或具体设计等,本领域技术人员能够根据实际需求设计第一电极141和第二电极142的位置、材料或引出方式等。
在本实施例中,压电片112位于底座111的内侧,压电片112并未相对底座111露出,也即压电片112并未伸出至底座111的外部,有利于减小扬声器10的体积。
请继续参阅图5和图6,图5是图3所示第二单元12在第一实现方式中的分解结构示意图;图6是图2所示结构沿A-A线处的截面示意图。
在本实施例中,第二单元12包括边框121、压电件122、连接件123、固定框124、匹配振膜125、匹配球顶126和罩体127。示例性的,罩体127可以包括顶壁127a和环绕顶壁127a设置的周侧壁127b,顶壁127a与周侧壁127b共同形成罩体127的内侧空间。罩体127位于底座111的上方,罩体127的周侧壁127b固定连接振膜115的周缘。固定连接可以是直接固定连接,也可以是间接固定连接,本申请对此并不限定。
示例性的,压电件122也作为扬声器10的推动件。压电件122包括固定端2001和悬空端2002,压电件122的固定端2001固定于罩体127的周侧壁127b,压电件122的悬空端2002悬置于罩体127的内侧。连接件123固定于压电件122的悬空端2002,且固定连接匹配振膜125的中部。压电件122形成悬臂梁结构。压电件122采用压电材料,例如可以采用锆钛酸铅压电陶瓷材料、铌酸锂压电晶体材料、氮化铝或氧化锌等压电材料,本申请对此并不限定。图5中压电件122的形状仅为示例,本申请对此并不限定。在本申请中,压电件122与压电片112是为了分别区分两个部件,但并不限定这两个部件的结构、材料等构成,两者可以是相同的,也可以是不同的,本申请并不限定。
在本申请中,压电件122采用压电材料,压电件122在驱动电压的驱动下发生形变,带动连接件123振动,从而带动匹配振膜125振动。其中,匹配球顶126固定于匹配振膜125,用于增加匹配振膜125的配重。
请一并参阅图4至图6,传动件113固定于压电片112的悬空端112b,且连接振膜115的中部。振膜115用于接收传动件113传递的振动。扬声器10工作时,压电片112在驱动电压的驱动下发生形变,压电片112的悬空端112b通过传动件113驱动振膜115振动,以实现发声。其中,球顶116固定于振膜115的中部,用于增加振膜115的配重。
在本实施例中,扬声器10通过设置在底座111上的压电片112产生振动,再经过传动件113带动振膜115振动,压电片112和传动件113在底座111内形成悬臂梁结构,扬声器10具有较佳的声学性能。
如图6所示,压电片112的固定端112a、振膜115的周缘均固定连接底座111的侧壁。示例 性的,固定环114位于底座111的上方,且固定连接底座111的侧壁。压电片112的固定端112a直接固定连接底座111的侧壁,振膜115的周缘通过固定环114间接固定连接底座111的侧壁。振膜115位于压电片112与底座111的底壁111a之间。振膜115、固定环114及底座111共同形成扬声器10的第一背腔110。
在本实施例中,固定环114可以为封闭的环状,使得振膜115的周缘能够连续地与固定环114连接,以保证扬声器10的可靠性。在其他一些实施例中,固定环114也可以与底座111一体成型。在其他一些实施例中,扬声器10也可以不设置固定环114,底座111形成台阶结构,通过台阶结构连接压电片112和振膜115。
在一些实施例中,压电件122的固定端2001、匹配振膜125的周缘均固定连接罩体127的周侧壁127b。示例性的,固定框124位于罩体117的下方,且固定连接罩体117的侧壁。压电件122的固定端2001直接固定连接罩体127的周侧壁127b,匹配振膜125的周缘通过固定框124间接固定连接罩体127的周侧壁127b。匹配振膜125位于压电件122远离罩体127的顶壁127a的一侧。也即,压电件122位于匹配振膜125与罩体127的顶壁127a的之间。罩体127的顶壁127a、固定框124及罩体127共同形成扬声器10的第二背腔120。
请继续参阅图6,振膜115和匹配振膜125之间形成扬声器10的前腔13。前腔13连通出音孔104。在一些实施例中,示例性的,边框121固定连接在振膜115和匹配振膜125之间。边框121可以设有缺口或通孔,以形成出音孔104。出音孔104连通前腔13,出音孔104用于传递扬声器10产生的声音信号。
在本实施例中,通过第二单元12设置边框121,在边框121上设有缺口形成出音孔104,以实现出音孔104位于扬声器10的侧边。在其他实施例中,出音孔104也能够位于第二单元12的其他部件,出音孔104也能够位于第一单元11的侧边,本申请对此并不限定。
在本实施例中,压电片112在驱动电信号的作用下带动振膜115振动,压电件122在驱动电信号的驱动下带动匹配振膜125振动,振膜115和匹配振膜125的共同作用推动第一背腔110、第二背腔120和前腔13内的空气振动,以使扬声器10将电信号转化为声信号。
在本实施例中,扬声器10还设有与振膜115对应设置的匹配振膜125,振膜115产生的沿扬声器10的厚度方向的振动能够与匹配振膜125产生的沿扬声器10的厚度方向的振动相互抵消,减小了扬声器10的振动对电子设备的冲击。
在一些实施例中,压电片112的数量与传动件113的数量均为多个。“多个”表示2个或大于2个。多个压电片112错开排布。多个传动件113与多个压电片112一一对应。如图4所示,示例性的,压电片112的数量和传动件113的数量均为4个,每个压电片112上均设有一个对应的传动件113。其中,位于不同压电片112上的传动件113的结构可以相同或不同。传动件113可以是一体结构,也可以包括多个部分。
在本实施例中,传动件113与压电片112的数量均为多个,每个压电片112上均设有与振膜115固定连接的传动件113,每个压电片112产生的振动通过对应的传动件113传递至振膜115,使得扬声器10实现多个压电悬臂梁结构,有利于提升振膜115的振动幅度,从而提高了扬声器10的声学性能。
示例性的,传动件113采用塑料等硬质材料,以在压电片112的驱动力下,形状保持不变,以有效地传递压电片112驱动力,从而提高扬声器10的声学性能。在一些实施例中,传动件113通过粘接的方式固定于压电片112。在其他实施例中,传动件113也可以与压电片112一体成型,不仅节省扬声器10的组装成本,也保证传动件113相对压电片112的稳固性。本申请并不限定传动件113固定于压电片112的具体方式,本领域技术人员能够根据实际需 求进行设计。
如图4所示,在一些实施例中,传动件113固定于压电片112中悬空端112b的边缘。示例性的,传动件113位于压电片112的悬空端112b的中部,以使传动件113可以高效地传递压电片112产生的振动。在其他实施例中,传动件113也可以固定于压电片112的其他位置,本申请对此并不限定。
请继续参阅图4至图6,在一些实施例中,振膜115包括依次连接的振膜本体1151、折环部1152和固定部1153。振膜本体1151位于振膜115的中间区域,固定部1153位于振膜115的周缘。折环部1152连接在振膜本体2251和固定部1153之间,并相对振膜本体1151弯折拱起。其中,折环部1152呈环形并相对振膜本体1151沿第一方向凸出。其中,第一方向与扬声器10的厚度方向Z平行。如图6所示,示例性的,第一方向为向上的方向,振膜115中的折环部1152相对振膜本体1151朝上凸出。固定部1153呈平面状,固定于固定环114,以使振膜115的周缘与固定环114紧密连接。
在一些实施例中,多个传动件113均固定于振膜本体1151。与此同时,各传动件113固定于对应的振膜115中间区域的振膜本体1151,可以保证压电扬声器10的声学性能的稳定性。
在一些实施例中,匹配振膜125包括依次连接的振膜本体1251、折环部1252和固定部1253。折环部1252相对振膜本体1251弯折拱起。示例性的,折环部1252相对振膜本体1251朝下拱起。固定部1253连接于折环部1252远离振膜本体1251的一侧。固定部1253为匹配振膜125的外周缘,用于固定于固定框124,以使匹配振膜125与固定框124紧密连接。
在本实施例中,匹配振膜125包括振膜本体1251和相对振膜本体1251凸出的折环部1252,折环部1252在垂直于扬声器10的厚度方向上设有形变余量,有效地提高了匹配振膜125的径向刚度,改善了扬声器10中匹配振膜125的滚振现象,从而降低了扬声器10的失真,提高了扬声器10的声学性能。
在一些实施例中,多个连接件123均固定于振膜本体1251。与此同时,各连接件123固定于对应的匹配振膜125中间区域的振膜本体1251,可以保证压电扬声器10的声学性能的稳定性。
请继续参阅图6,在一些实施例中,折环部1252相对振膜本体1251沿第二方向凸出,且第二方向与第一方向相反。折环部1252与折环部1152正对设置。可以理解的,折环部1252在振膜本体1151上的投影与折环部1152在振膜本体1151上的投影重叠。
在本实施例中,振膜115中折环部1152的凸出方向与匹配振膜125中折环部1252的凸出方向相反,有利于振膜115产生的沿扬声器10的厚度方向的振动能够与匹配振膜125产生的沿扬声器10的厚度方向的振动相互抵消,减小了扬声器10的振动对电子设备的冲击。与此同时,匹配振膜125的折环部1252与振膜115的折环部1152正对设置,进一步有效地抵消了振膜115与匹配振膜125在扬声器10的厚度方向上产生的振动,从而大大减小了扬声器10的振动对电子设备的冲击。
在一些实施例中,折环部1152的外周缘固定于固定环114,且折环部1152相对振膜本体1151朝上凸起。固定框124固定于罩体127的下方。折环部1252的外周缘固定于固定框124,且折环部1252相对振膜本体1251朝下凸起。边框121固定连接在固定环114与第二环之间。
在此实现方式中,振膜115中折环部1152相对振膜本体1151朝上凸起,匹配振膜125中折环部1252相对振膜本体1251朝下凸起,振膜115与匹配振膜125形成背对背的结构,出音孔104位于振膜115和匹配振膜125之间,使得扬声器10形成单出音孔104的结构。
在本申请中,以折环部1252在振膜本体1151上的投影与折环部1152在振膜本体1151上的 投影完全重叠为例来进行描写。在其他实施例中,折环部1252在振膜本体1151上的投影也可以与折环部1152在振膜本体1151上的投影部分重叠,本申请对此并不限定。
在一些实施例中,球顶116固定于振膜本体1151远离压电片112的一侧。匹配球顶126固定于振膜本体1251远离压电件122的一侧。如图6所示,示例性的,球顶116固定于振膜115远离传动件113的一侧。匹配球顶126固定于匹配振膜125远离连接件123的一侧。在其他实施例中,球顶116也可以固定连接在振膜115与传动件113之间.匹配球顶126也可以固定连接在匹配振膜125与连接件123之间,本申请对此并不限定。
在本实施例中,球顶116和匹配球顶126既作为扬声器10周围空气推动的主要介质,同时也作为扬声器10中对应振膜的配重,可有效降低扬声器10产生的一阶谐振频率,改善低频性能,提高扬声器10的声学性能。
请继续参阅图7,图7是图4所示底座111和压电片112的俯视图。多个压电片112包括第一压电片1101和第二压电片1102。第一压电片1101的固定端固定于底座111。第一压电片1101的悬空端朝远离底座111的方向延伸,以使第一压电片1101的悬空端悬置于底座111的内侧。第二压电片1102的固定端固定于底座111。第二压电片1102的悬空端朝远离底座111的方向延伸,以使第二压电片1102的悬空端悬置于底座111的内侧。如图7所示,示例性的,第一压电片1101和第二压电片1102的俯视图均呈矩形。在其他实施例中,第一压电片1101和第二压电片1102也能够呈其他形状,本申请对此并不限定。
在一些实施例中,第一压电片1101的延伸方向与第二压电片1102的延伸方向相交。第一压电片1101的延伸方向为第一压电片1101的长度方向。第二压电片1102的延伸方向为第二压电片1102的长度方向。示例性的,底座111的侧壁111b包括相邻且相交设置的第一侧壁1111和第二侧壁1112。第一压电片1101的一端固定于第一侧壁1111,第二压电片1102的一端固定于第二侧壁1112。第一侧壁1111和第二侧壁1112之间相交。
在本实施例中,第一压电片1101的延伸方向与第二压电片1102的延伸方向相交,避免了第一压电片1101的延伸方向与第二压电片1102的延伸方向相反,而导致第一压电片1101与第二压电片1102的横向振动位移相互锁止,使得第一压电片1101与第二压电片1102能够有效地振动,从而提高了扬声器10的可靠性。
其中,本申请提到的“方向”仅为指向。在本申请中,以第一压电片1101与第二压电片1102位于同一平面为例来进行描写。在其他实施例中,第一压电片1101与第二压电片1102在扬声器10的厚度方向上错开时,第一压电片1101与第二压电片1102处于不同的水平面,此时第一压电片1101的延伸方向与第二压电片1102的延伸方向投影至同一平面再比对。
在一些实施例中,第一侧壁1111与第二侧壁1112垂直设置。第一压电片1101的延伸方向与第二压电片1102的延伸方向垂直。示例性的,底座111大致呈矩形。第一压电片1101的延伸方向垂直于第一侧壁1111,第二压电片1102的延伸方向垂直于第二侧壁1112。
在本实施例中,第一压电片1101的延伸方向和第二压电片1102的延伸方向垂直,第一压电片1101的横向振动与第二压电片1102的横向振动之间的干扰较小,从而进一步地提高了扬声器10的声学性能。
在本申请中,以底座111大致呈矩形为例来进行描写,也即以第一侧壁1111和第二侧壁1112形成的角度为90度为例来进行描写。在其他实施例中,底座111也能够呈其他形状,第一侧壁1111和第二侧壁1112形成的角度也能够为其他角度,本申请对此并不限定。
在本实施例中,第一压电片1101和第二压电片1102的驱动信号相同,简化了扬声器10的设计,节省了扬声器10的成本。
在其他实施例中,第一压电片1101和第二压电片1102的驱动信号也可以不同,本申请对此并不限定。其中,在本申请中,以多个压电片112的驱动信号均相同为例来进行描写。在其他实施例中,多个压电片112的驱动信号也可以部分相同或者均不同,本申请对此并不限定。
如图7所示,在一些实施例中,第一压电片1101的形状不同于第二压电片1102的形状。第一压电片1101的尺寸不同于第二压电片1102的尺寸。示例性的,第一压电片1101的长度不同于第二压电片1102的长度。其中,第一压电片1101在其延伸方向的尺寸上为第一压电片1101的长度方向。第二压电片1102在其延伸方向的尺寸上为第二压电片1102的长度方向。在其他实施例中,第一压电片1101的宽度也可以不同于第二压电片1102的宽度,本申请对此并不限定。
在本实施例中,第一压电片1101的形状不同于第二压电片1102的形状,第一压电片1101和第二压电片1102具有不同的共振频率,第一压电片1101的频响和第二压电片1102的频响可以相互补充,拓宽了扬声器10声信号的带宽,减少了频响带宽的缺陷,从而提高了扬声器10的声学性能。
与此同时,第一压电片1101的形状不同于第二压电片1102的形状,固定于第一压电片1101的传动件113与固定于第二压电片1102的传动件113位于扬声器10的不同位置,有利于振膜115在振动过程中峰和谷的相互补充,从而提高扬声器10的声学性能。
在一些实施例中,第一压电片1101采用的材质不同于第二压电片1102采用的材质不同。
在本实施例中,第一压电片1101采用的材质不同于第二压电片1102采用的材质,第一压电片1101和第二压电片1102具有不同的共振频率,第一压电片1101的频响和第二压电片1102的频响可以相互补充,拓宽了扬声器10声信号的带宽,减少了频响带宽的缺陷,从而提高了扬声器10的声学性能。
其中,在本实施例中,以第一压电片1101采用的材质和第二压电片1102采用的材质相同,均采用压电性能较好的压电材料为例来描写,通过调节第一压电片1101和第二压电片1102的尺寸或形状,来实现频响的调制。
请继续参阅图7,在一些实施例中,多个压电片112还包括第三压电片1103和第四压电片1104。各压电片112的固定端固定于底座111的侧壁111b,各压电片112的悬空端位于底壁111a与侧壁111b形成的底壁111的内侧。各压电片112的悬空端设有与振膜115固定连接的传动件113。示例性的,第三压电片1103的固定端固定于第二侧壁1112。第三压电片1103的延伸方向与第二压电片1102的延伸方向相同。第四压电片1104的固定端也固定于第二侧壁1112,且第四压电片1104的延伸方向与第二压电片1102的延伸方向相同。第二压电片1102、第三压电片1103和第四压电片1104的延伸方向均垂直于第二侧壁1112。如图7所示,第一压电片1103的延伸方向平行于Y向,第二压电片1102的延伸方向平行于X向。
在本实施例中,第二压电片1102、第三压电片1103和第四压电片1104的延伸方向均相同,并均与第一压电片1101的延伸方向相交,多个个压电片112中不存在两个压电片112之间的延伸方向相反,也即多个压电片112中不存在两个压电片112相对设置,避免多个压电片112中任意两个压电片112相互锁止,从而进一步地提高了扬声器10的声学性能。
可以理解的,固定于第二侧壁1112的压电片112的延伸方向均相同,以使多个压电片112的延伸方向均与第一压电片1101的延伸方向相交。如图7所示,示例性的,第二压电片1102和第三压电片1103的长度相同,第四压电片1104的长度大于第二压电片1102的长度,以使固定于各压电片112上的传动件113均衡分散排布。
在本实施例中,扬声器10通过设计四个压电片112,固定于四个压电片112上的传动件113分布较为均衡,降低了振膜115发生滚振的风险,从而提高了扬声器10的声学性能。
在本申请实施例一中,以第三压电片1103和第四压电片1104均固定于第二侧壁1112,且第三压电片1103和第四压电片1104的延伸方向与第二压电片1102的延伸方向相同为例来进行描写。在其他实施例中,第三压电片1103和/或第四压电片1104的固定端也能够固定于第一侧壁1111,第三压电片1103和/或第四压电片1104的延伸方向也能够与第一压电片1101的延伸方向相同,本申请对此并不限定。本申请并不限定多个压电片112的具体排布方式,本领域技术人员能够根据实际仿真效果设计多个压电片112的排布方式。
请继续参阅图8,图8是图5所示第二单元12的部分结构示意图。在一些实施例中,压电件122的数量与连接件123的数量均为多个。“多个”表示2个或大于2个。多个压电件122错开排布。多个连接件123与多个压电件122一一对应。如图8所示,示例性的,压电件122的数量和连接件123的数量均为4个,每个压电件122上均设有一个对应的连接件123。其中,位于不同压电件122上的连接件123的结构可以相同或不同。连接件123可以是一体结构,也可以包括多个部分。
在本实施例中,压电件122的数量与压电片112的数量相同,使得第一单元11产生的振动与第二单元12产生的振动相匹配,有利于提高扬声器10的声学性能。在其他实施例中,压电件122的数量也可以与压电片112的数量不同,本申请对此并不限定。例如,压电件122的数量大于压电片112的数量,或者压电件122的数量小于压电片112的数量。
请一并参阅图8和图9,图9是图8所示结构的俯视图。多个压电件122包括第一压电件1221和第二压电件1222。第一压电件1221和第二压电件1222的固定端均固定于罩体127,第一压电件1221和第二压电件1222的悬空端均悬置于罩体127的内侧。其中,第一压电件1221的延伸方向与第二压电件1222的延伸方向相交。在一些实施例中,第一压电件1221的延伸方向与第二压电件1222的延伸方向形成的角度,与第一压电片1101的延伸方向与第二压电片1102的延伸方向形成的角度相同。示例性的,第一压电件1221的延伸方向垂直于第二压电件1222的延伸方向。
在本实施例中,第一压电件1221的延伸方向与第二压电件1222的延伸方向相交,避免了第一压电件1221的延伸方向与第二压电件1222的延伸方向相反,而导致第一压电件1221与第二压电件1222的横向振动位移相互锁止,使得第一压电件1221与第二压电件1222能够有效地振动,从而提高了扬声器10的可靠性。
在一些实施例中,多个压电片112形成第一压电单元1120。多个压电件122形成第二压电单元1220。第一压电单元1120的结构与第二压电单元1220的结构相同。
示例性的,多个压电件122还包括第三压电件1223和第四压电件1224。第一压电件1221的延伸方向与第一压电片1101的延伸方向相同。第二压电件1222的延伸方向与第二压电片1102的延伸方向相同。第三压电件1223的延伸方向和第四压电件1224的延伸方向均与第二压电件1222的延伸方向相同。其中,第一压电件1221在振膜115上的投影与第一压电片1101在振膜115上的投影,相对扬声器10的宽度方向对称。第三压电件1223在振膜115上的投影与第三压电片1103在振膜115上的投影,相对扬声器10的宽度方向对称。如图7或图9所示,扬声器10的宽度方向与第一压电片1101的延伸方向平行。
在本实施例中,多个压电片112形成的第一压电单元1120的结构,与多个压电件122形成的第二压电单元1220的结构相同,第一压电单元1120与第二压电单元1220能够采用相同的结构设计,不仅节省了第二压电单元1220的组装工艺,也节省扬声器10的物料成本。可以理解 的,第一单元11中的多个压电片112翻转180度后即可得到第二单元12中的多个压电件122。
在其他实施例中,第一压电件1221在振膜115上的投影与第一压电片1101在振膜115上的投影,也可以相对扬声器10的长度方向对称,本申请对此并不限定。其中,扬声器10的长度方向垂直于扬声器10的宽度方向。
请一并参阅图10至图12,图10是图3所示第二单元12在第二实现方式中的部分结构示意图;图11是图10所示结构的俯视图;图12是图2所示结构沿A-A线处在第二实现方式中的部分截面示意图。
图10所示第二单元12未标示罩体127。本实现方式与前述实现方式中相同的大部分技术方案内容不再赘述。以下主要介绍第二实现方式与前述实现方式的区别技术特征。
在此实现方式中,多个压电片112形成第一压电单元1120。多个压电件122形成第二压电单元1220。第一压电单元1120的结构与第二压电单元1220的结构呈镜面对称结构,且对称面平行于振膜。也即,第二单元12中的多个压电件122与第一单元11中的多个压电片112在垂直于扬声器10的厚度方向的平面对称。
如图12所示,示例性的,第一压电件1221相对第一压电片1101沿垂直于扬声器10的厚度方向的平面对称。第四压电件1224相对第四压电片1104沿垂直于扬声器10的厚度方向的平面对称。匹配振膜125相对振膜115沿垂直于扬声器10的厚度方向的平面对称。
在本实施例中,第一压电单元1120的结构与第二压电单元1220的结构呈镜面对称结构,且对称面平行于振膜115,使得上下压电单元完全对称,进一步地减小了各压电片112及各压电件122对电子设备产生的冲击。
示例性的,第二单元12中的多个压电件122包括第一压电件1221、第二压电件1222、第三压电件1223和第四压电件1224。其中,第一压电件1221的延伸方向与第一压电片1101的延伸方向相同,且第一压电件1221在振膜115上的投影与第一压电片1101在振膜115上的投影重叠。第二压电件1222的延伸方向与第二压电片1102的延伸方向相同,且第二压电件1222在振膜115上的投影与第二压电片1102在振膜115上的投影重叠。第三压电件1223的延伸方向与第三压电片1103的延伸方向相同,且第三压电件1223在振膜115上的投影与第三压电片1103在振膜115上的投影重叠。第四压电件1224的延伸方向与第四压电片1104的延伸方向相同,且第四压电件1224在振膜115上的投影与第四压电片1104在振膜115上的投影重叠。也即,多个压电件122的排布方式与多个压电片112的排布方式相同。
本申请并不限定多个压电件122的排布方式,本领域技术人员可以根据实际需求设计多个压电件122的位置。第二单元12中的多个压电件122在第一实现方式和第二实现方式中的结构仅为示例,本申请对此并不限定。
请继续参阅图13和图14,图13是图2所示扬声器10在第三实现方式中的部分结构示意图;图14是图13所示结构的俯视图。本实现方式与前述实现方式中相同的大部分技术方案内容不再赘述。以下主要介绍第三实现方式与前述实现方式的区别技术特征。
在此实现方式中,多个压电件122包括第一压电件1221、第二压电件1222和第三压电件1223。第一压电件1221的延伸方向与第二压电件1222的延伸方向相交,且第二压电件1222的延伸方向和第三压电件1223的延伸方向相同。示例性的,第一压电件1221的延伸方向垂直于第二压电件1222的延伸方向。第一压电件1221固定于扬声器10的一侧,第二压电件1222和第三压电件1223固定于扬声器10相邻的另一侧。其中,第一单元11中压电片112的数量可以是3个,也可以是其他数量,本申请对压电片112的具体数量并不限定。
扬声器10包括三个连接件123。三个连接件123一一对应地固定于三个压电件122。三 个连接件123围绕扬声器10的中心设置。示例性的,各连接件123固定于对应的压电件122的边缘。图13和图14中,三个压电件122的排布方式仅为示例,本领域技术人员能够根据实际仿真效果设计三个压电件122的排布、尺寸等,本申请对此并不限定。
在此实现方式中,压电件122的数量为三个,三个压电件122错开排布,并且一个压电件122的延伸方向与另外两个压电件122的延伸方向均相交,避免多个压电件122中某两个压电件122相对设置,减小了多个压电件122相互锁止的可能性,从而提高了扬声器10的声学性能。
请继续参阅图15,图15是图2所示扬声器10在第四实现方式中的部分结构的俯视图。本实现方式与前述实现方式中相同的大部分技术方案内容不再赘述。以下主要介绍第四实现方式与前述实现方式的区别技术特征。
在此实现方式中,多个压电件122包括第一压电件1221和第二压电件1222。第一压电件1221的延伸方向与第二压电件1222的延伸方向相交。示例性的,第一压电件1221的延伸方向垂直于第二压电件1222的延伸方向。第一压电件1221固定于扬声器10的一侧,第二压电件1222固定于扬声器10相邻的另一侧。其中,第一单元11中压电片112的数量可以是2个,也可以是其他数量,本申请对压电片112的具体数量并不限定。
扬声器10包括两个连接件123,两个连接件123一一对应地固定于两个压电件122。两个连接件123围绕扬声器10的中心设置。示例性的,各连接件123固定于对应的压电件122的边缘。图15中,两个压电件122的排布方式仅为示例,本领域技术人员能够根据实际仿真效果设计两个压电件122的排布、尺寸等,本申请对此并不限定。
在此实现方式中,压电件122的数量为两个,两个压电件122错开排布,并且两个压电件122的延伸方向相交,避免了两个压电件122相互锁止的可能性,从而提高了扬声器10的声学性能。
请继续参阅图16,图16是图2所示扬声器10在第五实现方式中的部分结构示意图。具体地,图16所示结构示意出扬声器10的底座111及多个压电片112。本实现方式与前述实现方式中相同的大部分技术方案内容不再赘述。以下主要介绍第五实现方式与前述实现方式的区别技术特征。
在此实现方式中,多个压电片112中至少存在一个压电片112包括第一部分1121和第二部分1122。第一部分1121的一端固定连接底座111,另一端悬置于底座111的内侧。第二部分1122自第一部分1121朝远离底座的方向延伸。示例性的,第一部分1121远离第二部分1122的一端为压电片112的固定端112a。第一部分1121靠近第二部分1122的一端和第二部分1122为压电片112的悬空端112b,且第一部分1121的延伸方向与第二部分1122的延伸方向相同。示例性的,第一部分1121与第二部分1122通过粘接的方式固定连接。本申请并不限定第一部分1121和第二部分1122的固定连接方式。
其中,第一部分1121采用压电材料。第二部分1122采用非压电材料,且第二部分1122的材料密度小于第一部分1121的材料密度。传动件113的一端用于固定连接第二部分1122,另一端用于固定连接振膜115。其中,第二部分1122采用硬质材料,以使第一部分1121产生的振动能够有效地通过第二部分1122和传动件113传递至振膜115。在此实现方式中,第一部分1121在驱动电压的驱动下发生形变,带动第二部分1122振动与传动件113振动。
可以理解的,第二部分1122采用硬性且轻质的材料。第二部分1122采用的材料可以是轻质的金属材料,也可以是高聚物材料,本申请并不限定。如图16所示,本申请以多个压电片112均包括采用不同材料的第一部分1121和第二部分1122为例来进行描写。在其他实施例中,多个压电片112中的部分压电片112采用同一材料,部分压电片112采用不同的材料,本申请对 此并不限定。例如,第一压电片1101包括第一部分1121和第二部分1122,第二压电片1102均采用相同压电材料。
示例性的,第二部分1122采用的材料包括但不仅限于铝、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(polyethylene terephthalate,PET)、聚甲基丙烯酰亚胺(polymethacrylimide,PMI)或聚氨酯(polyurethane,PU)等。在一些实施方式中,第二部分1122采用的材料为单一材料,例如铝或聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯。在其他实施方式中,第二部分1122采用的材料也可以是复合材料,例如依次层叠设置的铝层、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯层和铝层。
在本实施例中,压电片112包括采用压电材料的第一部分1121和非压电材料的第二部分1122,减小了压电片112中采用压电材料部分的长度,有利于提高压电片112的振幅,从而有利于提高扬声器10的声学性能。与此同时,第二部分1122的材料密度小于第一部分1121的材料密度,提高了压电片112的共振频率。
请一并参阅图17和图18,图17是图16所示压电片112和传动件113在一种实施方式中的侧面示意图;图18是图16所示压电片112和传动件113在另一种实施方式中的侧面示意图。
在一些实施方式中,第二部分1122包括第一板面1123、第二板面1124和端侧面1125。第一板面1123与第二板面1124相背设置,端侧面1125连接在第一板面1123与第二板面1124之间。第一部分1121固定于端侧面1125。示例性的,在与第一板面1123平行的方向上,第一板面1123的长度小于或大于第二板面1124的长度。
可以理解的,第一板面1123的长度不同于第二板面1124的长度,连接在第一板面1123和第二板面1124之间的端侧面1125的面积大于垂直于第一板面1123与第二板面1124的侧面(厚度方向的面)的面积。也即,第二部分1122朝第一部分1121的一端和第一部分1121朝第二部分1122的一端局部减薄,以使第一部分1121和第二部分1122错位固定连接。
示例性的,如图17所示,第二部分1122的端侧面1125为台阶面。如图18所示,第二部分1122的端侧面1125为倾斜面。在其实施方式中,端侧面1125也可以呈其他形状,本申请对此并不限定。
在本实施例中,第二部分1122用于固定连接第一部分1121的端侧面1125呈倾斜状,在不增加第一部分1121和第二部分1122厚度的基础上增加了端侧面1125的面积,增加了第一部分1121和第二部分1122固定连接的面积,从而提高了压电片112整体的可靠性。与此同时,压电片112中的第二部分1122相对第一部分1121沿长度方向延伸,避免第一部分1121与第二部分1122在厚度方向上重叠,从而减小了扬声器10的厚度。
请继续参阅图19,图19是图2所示扬声器10在第五实现方式中的又一部分结构示意图。图19所示结构示意出了扬声器10的第一单元10及安装于第一单元10上的边框121、振膜125和多个压电件122等。在一些实施例中,多个压电件122中至少一个压电件122包括第一段1225和第二段1226。第一段1225的部分结构与第二段1226位于扬声器10的内侧。第一段1225采用压电材料,第二段1226采用非压电材料,且第二段1226的材料密度小于第一段1225的材料密度。第二段1226采用轻质材料。连接件123固定于第二段1226。其中,第二段1226采用硬质材料,以使第一段1225产生的振动能够有效地通过第二段1226和连接件123传递至匹配振膜125。
示例性的,第一段1225采用的材料与上述压电片112中第一部分1121采用的材料相同,第二端采用的材料与上述压电片112中第二部分1122采用的材料相同。
在本实施例中,压电件122包括采用压电材料的第一段1225和非压电材料的第二段1226,减小了压电件122中采用压电材料部分的长度,有利于提高压电件122的振幅,从而有利于提高扬声器10的声学性能。与此同时,第二段1226的材料密度小于第一段1225的材料密度,提 高了压电件122的共振频率。
请继续参阅图20和图21,图20是图1所示扬声器20在实施例二中的结构示意图;图21是图20所示结构的部分结构示意图。其中,图21相对图20未标示罩体227。
本申请提供的实施例二与实施例一相同的大部分技术内容不再赘述。例如,扬声器20包括底座211和固定于底座211的至少两个压电片212。至少两个压电片212包括第一压电片和第二压电片,第一压电片的延伸方向与第二压电片的延伸方向相交。示例性的,第一压电片的延伸方向垂直于第二压电片的延伸方向。出音孔204位于扬声器20的侧边。其中,本实施例所示扬声器20的结构能够与实施例一中的第一实现方式至第五实现方式中任意一种扬声器20设计相结合。以下主要说明实施例二与前述实施例的区别技术特征。
在此实施例中,压电片212和压电件222均相对底座211露出。压电片212的部分结构位于底座211的外侧。其中,第一电极241和第二电极242固定于压电片212相对底座211露出的部分。
在本实施例中,压电片212的部分结构相对底座211露出,露出的压电片212的部分结构用于设置第一电极241和第二电极242,在扬声器20有限的内部空间内最大化的增加悬置于底座211内侧的压电片212的面积,从而有利于提高扬声器20的声学性能。
请继续参阅图22,图22是图21所示结构的俯视图。在此实施例中,扬声器20包括第一侧边201、第二侧边202和第三侧边203。第二侧边202与第三侧边203相对设置,第一侧边201连接在第二侧边202与第三侧边203之间。示例性的,第一侧边201垂直于第二侧边202,并垂直于第三侧边203。多个压电片212包括第一压电片2101、第二压电片2102、第三压电片2103和第四压电片2104。第一压电片2101固定于第一侧边201,第二压电片2102、第三压电片2103和第四压电片2104均固定于第二侧边202。多个压电件222包括第一压电件2221、第二压电件2222、第三压电件2223和第四压电件2224。第一压电件2221固定于第一侧边201,第二压电件2222、第三压电件2223和第四压电件2224均固定于第三侧边203。
在一些实施例中,第一压电件2221与第一压电片2101轴对称设置,第二压电件2222与第二压电片2102轴对称设置,第三压电件2223与第三压电片2103轴对称设置,第四压电件2224与第四压电片2104轴对称设置,且各压电件222与对应的压电片212的对称轴相同。可以理解的,多个压电片212翻转180度后即可得到多个压电件222。
在本申请中,多个压电片212形成的第一压电单元的结构,与多个压电件222形成的第二压电单元的结构相同,第一压电单元与第二压电单元能够采用相同的结构设计,不仅节省了第二压电单元的组装工艺,也节省扬声器的物料成本。
请继续参阅图23,图23是本申请实施例提供的扬声器30在实施例三中的结构示意图。本申请提供的实施例三与前述实施例相同的大部分技术内容不再赘述。例如,扬声器30包括底座311和固定于底座311的至少两个压电片312。至少两个压电片312包括第一压电片3101和第二压电片3102,第一压电片3101的延伸方向与第二压电片3102的延伸方向相交。示例性的,第一压电片3101的延伸方向垂直于第二压电片3102的延伸方向。其中,本实施例所示扬声器30的结构能够与实施例一中的第一实现方式至第五实现方式中任意一种扬声器30设计相结合。
在实施例三中,扬声器30设有间隔设置的第一出音孔301和第二出音孔302。罩体327位于底座311的上方。第一出音孔301位于底座311的侧边。第二出音孔302位于罩体327的侧边,且第二出音孔302的朝向与第一出音孔301的朝向相同。也即,第一出音孔301和第二出音孔302的出音方向是相同的。
在本实施例中,第一出音孔301与第二出音孔302均位于扬声器30的同一侧边,使得应用此扬声器30的电子设置能够仅设一个与扬声器30侧边相对应的出音通道,减小了电子设备的开孔数量。在其他实施例中,第一出音孔301的朝向与第二出音孔302的朝向也能够不同,本申请对此并不限定。例如,第一出音孔301与第二出音孔302分别位于扬声器30相背设置的两侧,或者第一出音孔301位于扬声器30的侧边,第二出音孔302位于扬声器30的顶侧。
请一并参阅图24和图25,图24是图23所示扬声器30的部分结构示意图;图25是图23所示扬声器30的分解结构示意图。图24所示扬声器30未标示罩体327。
在一些实施例中,扬声器30还包括压电片312、传动件313、固定环314、振膜315、球顶316、外框321、压电件322、连接件323、固定框324、匹配振膜325和匹配球顶326。球顶316用于增加振膜315的配重。匹配球顶326用于增加匹配振膜325的配重。固定环314用于固定振膜315。固定框324用于固定匹配振膜325。外框321用于固定于压电片312和压电件322。示例性的,压电片312和压电件322的数量均为多个。
在本实施例中,通过底座311和罩体327分别设置缺口,固定环314与底座311固定连接,使得底座311的缺口与固定环314形成第一出音孔301,固定框324与罩体327固定连接,使得罩体327的缺口与固定框324形成第二出音孔302。
在一些实施例中,外框321包括第一外框3211和第二外框3212。第一外框3211用于固定压电片312,第二外框3212用于固定压电件322。在此实施例中,用于固定多个压电片312的结构与用于固定多个压电件322的结构分开设置,方便多个压电片312和多个压电件322的组装。在其他实施例中,第一外框3211与第二外框3212也可以一体成型,节省扬声器30的零件数量,本申请对此并不限定。
请一并参阅图25和图26,图26是图23所示结构沿B-B线处的截面示意图。固定环314固定于底座311的上方。振膜315的外周缘固定于固定环314。第一外框3211位于固定环314的上方,压电片312固定于第一外框3211的上方。压电片312的固定端112a、振膜315的周缘均固定连接底座311的侧壁,振膜315位于压电片312与底座311的底壁111a之间。第二外框3212固定于第一外框3211的上方,压电件322固定于第二外框3212的上方。固定框324固定于罩体327的下方,并位于第二外框3212的上方。匹配振膜325的外周缘固定于固定框324。压电件322的固定端112a、匹配振膜325的周缘均固定连接罩体327的周侧壁。匹配振膜325位于压电件322与罩体327的顶壁127a之间。
可以理解的,外框321中的第一外框3211与第二外框3212固定连接在固定环314与固定框324之间,并与固定环314、振膜315、固定框324和匹配振膜325形成背腔330。其中,振膜315与底座311形成第一前腔310,第一前腔310连通第一出音孔301。匹配振膜325与罩体327形成第二前腔320,第二前腔320连通第二出音孔302。
在本实施例中,振膜315固定于固定环314,避免振膜315固定于底座311时,底座311上的出音缺口影响振膜315振动的整体性,从而保证扬声器30的声学性能。匹配振膜325固定于固定框324,避免匹配振膜325固定于罩体327时,罩体327上的出音缺口影响匹配振膜325振动的整体性,从而保证扬声器30的声学性能。
如图26所示,在一些实施例中,振膜315中的折环部3152相对振膜本体3151朝下凸起,匹配振膜325中的折环部3252相对振膜本体3251朝上凸起。示例性的,球顶316和传动件313分别固定于振膜本体3151相背设置的两侧,匹配球顶326和连接件323分别固定于振膜本体3251相背设置的两侧,有利于压电扬声器30的声学性能的稳定性。在其他实施例中,球顶316和传动件313也可以固定于振膜本体3151的同侧,或者匹配球顶326和连接件323也可以固定于振膜本 体3251的同侧,本申请对此并不限定。
在本实施例中,振膜315中的折环部3152相对振膜本体3151朝下凸起,匹配振膜325中的折环部3252相对振膜本体3251朝上凸起,振膜315产生的沿扬声器30的厚度方向的振动能够与匹配振膜325产生的沿扬声器30的厚度方向的振动相互抵消,减小了扬声器30的振动对电子设备的冲击。
在一些实施例中,折环部3252与折环部3152正对设置,进一步有效地抵消了振膜315与匹配振膜325在扬声器30的厚度方向上产生的振动,从而大大减小了扬声器30的振动对电子设备的冲击。在其他实施例中,折环部3252与折环部3152也能够部分相对设置,也即折环部3252在底座311上的投影与折环部3152在底座311上的投影部分重叠,本申请对此并不限定。
请继续参阅图27,图27是本申请实施例提供的扬声器40在实施例四中的结构示意图。本申请提供的实施例四与前述实施例相同的大部分技术内容不再赘述。例如,扬声器包括底座和固定于底座的至少两个压电片。至少两个压电片包括第一压电片和第二压电片,第一压电片的延伸方向与第二压电片的延伸方向相交。示例性的,第一压电片的延伸方向垂直于第二压电片的延伸方向。其中,实施例一中的第一实现方式至第五实现方式中任意一种扬声器设计也可以与本实施例相结合。例如,压电片的数量、多个压电片的排布方式,压电片相对底座的设计等。在前述实施例一至实施例三中,扬声器均包括振膜和匹配振膜,在此实施例四中,扬声器仅包括单层振膜。
在此实施例中,扬声器40设有单个出音孔401。示例性的,出音孔401位于罩体417的侧边。在其他实施例中,出音孔401也可以位于扬声器40的其他位置,例如出音孔401位于底座411的侧边,本申请对此并不限定。
在本实施例中,扬声器40仅设单个振膜415,及与振膜415对应的出音孔401,减小了扬声器40中结构的数量,从而减小了扬声器40的成本。
请继续参阅图28和图29,图28是图27所示扬声器40的部分结构示意图;图29是图27所示扬声器40的分解结构示意图。扬声器40还包括压电片412、传动件413、振膜固定环414、振膜415和球顶416。传动件413用于将压电片412的振动传递至振膜415。示例性,底座411的边缘设有用于收容压电片412的缺口4110,压电片412的厚度与底座411的厚度复用,减小了扬声器40的厚度。振膜固定环414呈封闭的环状,用于与振膜415的周缘连续连接,以提高扬声器40的可靠性。
请继续参阅图29和图30,图30是图27所示结构沿C-C线处的截面示意图。振膜固定环414固定于底座411的上方。振膜415固定于振膜固定环414。振膜415的外周缘固定于振膜固定环414。振膜固定环414、振膜415和底座411共同围设形成背腔410。罩体417固定于振膜固定环414的上方。罩体417与振膜415形成前腔420,出音孔401与前腔420连通。
在本实施例中,振膜固定环414呈封闭的环状,振膜415的周缘能够与振膜固定环414密封连接,保证背腔410的密封性,从而保证了扬声器40的声学性能。在其他实施例中,振膜415的周缘也能够固定于底座411,此时扬声器40也能够不包括振膜固定环414,本申请对此并不限定。
在一些实施例中,压电片412固定于底座411的缺口4110,且压电片412的上表面与底座411的上表面齐平。在此实施例中,压电片412的端部收容于底座411的缺口4110,压电片412片的上表面与底座411的上表面齐平,使得固定于底座411的振膜固定环414与底座411能够密封连接,从而保证了背腔410的密封性。
请参阅图31,图31是本申请实施例提供的扬声器50在实施例五中的截面示意图。本申请 提供的实施例五与前述实施例相同的大部分技术内容不再赘述。例如,扬声器50包括底座511和固定于底座511的至少两个压电片512。至少两个压电片512包括第一压电片和第二压电片,第一压电片的延伸方向与第二压电片的延伸方向相交。示例性的,第一压电片的延伸方向垂直于第二压电片的延伸方向。其中,本实施例所示扬声器50的结构能够与实施例一中的第一实现方式至第五实现方式中任意一种扬声器设计相结合。以下主要说明实施例五与前述实施例的区别技术特征。
在此实施例中,压电片512固定于底座511上。振膜固定环514位于底座511的上方,用于固定振膜515。振膜515固定于振膜固定环514的上方,且振膜515、振膜固定环514和底座511形成背腔510。罩体517固定于振膜固定环514的上方,并与振膜515形成前腔520。其中,罩体517面向振膜515的一侧设有出音孔501,也即,扬声器50的出音孔501位于罩体517的顶部。
在本实施例中,扬声器50中出音孔501的开口方向与振膜515的放置方向相同,有利于提高扬声器50的出音效果。与此同时,扬声器50的出音孔501位于罩体517的顶部,扬声器50能够适配不同种类的电子设备。例如,当电子设备中的出音通道的开口位于电子设备的正面时,扬声器50的出音孔501位于罩体517的顶部,出音孔501与出音通道相对设置时,扬声器50的厚度方向与电子设备的厚度方向相同,有利于减小电子设备的整体厚度。
在一些实施例中,出音孔501的数量为多个,多个出音孔501间隔设置。在此实施例中,位于扬声器50顶部的出音孔501的数量为多个,且多个出音孔501间隔设置,减小了顶部出音孔501的孔径大小,降低了杂物自出音孔501进入扬声器50内部的风险,从而有利于提高扬声器50的可靠性。
请继续参阅图32和图33,图32是本申请实施例提供的扬声器60在实施例六中的截面示意图;图33是本申请实施例提供的扬声器60在实施例六中的截面示意图。
在此实施例中,扬声器60包括底座611、压电片612、传动件613和振膜615。压电片612包括固定端612a和悬空端612b。压电片612的固定端612a固定于底座611,压电片612的悬空端612b悬置于底座611的内侧。传动件613固定于压电片612的悬空端612b。在本申请中,压电片612采用压电材料,压电片612在驱动电压的驱动下发生形变,带动传动件613振动,从而带动振膜615振动,实现扬声器60的发声。
在本实施例中,扬声器60通过设置在底座611上的压电片612产生振动,再经过传动件613带动振膜615振动,压电片612和传动件613在底座611内形成悬臂结构,可以降低扬声器60的谐振频率,提高扬声器60的声学性能。
其中,压电片612包括第一部分6121和第二部分6122。第一部分6121的一端固定连接底座611,另一端悬置于底座611的内侧。第二部分6122自第一部分6121朝远离底座611的方向延伸。示例性的,第一部分6121远离第二部分6122的一端为压电片612的固定端612a。第一部分6121靠近第二部分6122的一端和第二部分6122为压电片612的悬空端612b,且第一部分6121的延伸方向与第二部分6122的延伸方向相同。
其中,第一部分6121采用压电材料。第二部分6122采用非压电材料,且第二部分6122的材料密度小于第一部分6121的材料密度,且传动件613固定于第二部分6122。第一部分6121在驱动电压的驱动下发生形变,带动第二部分6122振动与传动件613振动。
在本实施例中,压电片612包括采用压电材料的第一部分6121和非压电材料的第二部分6122,减小了压电片612中采用压电材料部分的长度,有利于提高压电片612的振幅,从而有利于提高扬声器60的声学性能。与此同时,第二部分6122的材料密度小于第一部分6121的材料密度,提高了压电片612的共振频率。
在一些实施例中,第一部分6121与第二部分6122通过粘接的方式固定连接。本申请并不限定第一部分6121和第二部分6122的固定连接方式。其中,第二部分6122采用硬质材料,以使第一部分6121产生的振动能够有效地通过第二部分6122和传动件613传递至振膜615。可以理解的,第二部分6122采用硬性且轻质的材料。第二部分6122采用的材料可以是轻质的金属材料,也可以是高聚物材料,本申请并不限定。示例性的,第二部分6122采用的材料包括但不仅限于铝、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(polyethylene terephthalate,PET)、聚甲基丙烯酰亚胺(polymethacrylimide,PMI)或聚氨酯(polyurethane,PU)等。
如图32所示,压电片612的数量为多个。多个压电片612中一个压电片612的延伸方向与其他三个压电片612的延伸方向垂直。在其他实施例中,多个压电片612的延伸方向也可以相同或相反,也即存在一个压电片612的延伸方向与另一个压电片612的延伸方向形成的角度也可以等于180度或0度,本申请对此并不限定。
请继续参阅图34,图34是图33所示D部分的放大结构示意图。在一些实施例中,第二部分6122包括第一板面6123、第二板面6124和端侧面6125。第一板面6123与第二板面6124相背设置,端侧面6125连接在第一板面6123与第二板面6124之间。第一部分6121固定于端侧面6125。示例性的,在与第一板面6123平行的方向上,第一板面6123的长度小于或大于第二板面6124的长度。可以理解的,连接在第一板面6123和第二板面6124之间的端侧面6125的面积大于垂直于第一板面6123与第二板面6124的侧面(厚度方向的面)的面积,也即,第二部分6122朝第一部分6121的一端和第一部分6121朝第二部分6122的一端局部减薄,以使第一部分6121和第二部分6122错位固定连接。
在本实施例中,第二部分6122用于固定连接第一部分6121的端侧面6125呈倾斜状,在不增加第一部分6121和第二部分6122厚度的基础上增加了端侧面6125的面积,增加了第一部分6121和第二部分6122固定连接的面积,从而提高了压电片612整体的可靠性。示例性的,如图34所示,第二部分6122的端侧面6125呈台阶面。在其实施方式中,端侧面6125也可以呈其他形状,本申请对此并不限定。
请继续参阅图35,图35是本申请实施例提供的扬声器70在实施例七中的部分结构的俯视图。本申请提供的实施例七与前述实施例相同的大部分技术内容不再赘述。例如,扬声器70包括底座711和固定于底座711的至少两个压电片712。至少两个压电片712包括第一压电片7101和第二压电片7102,第一压电片7101的延伸方向与第二压电片7102的延伸方向相交。示例性的,第一压电片7101的延伸方向垂直于第二压电片7102的延伸方向。其中,本实施例所示扬声器70的结构能够与实施例一中的第一实现方式至第五实现方式中任意一种扬声器设计相结合。以下主要说明实施例七与前述实施例的区别技术特征。
在此实施例中,底座711的俯视图呈圆形。压电片712固定于呈环形的底座711的边缘。示例性的,压电片712的数量为两个。两个压电片712分别固定于底座711的周缘,且两个压电片712的延伸方向相交。
在前述实施例一至实施例六中,扬声器的俯视图均呈矩形,在此实施例七中,扬声器的俯视图呈圆形。可以理解的,本申请并不限定扬声器的外观形状,本领域技术人员能够根据实际需求设计扬声器的形状。
以上,仅为本发明的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内;在不冲突的情况下,本申请的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。因此,本发明的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种扬声器,其特征在于,包括底座、多个压电片、多个传动件和振膜,各所述压电片均包括固定端和悬空端,各所述压电片的固定端均固定于所述底座,各所述压电片的悬空端均悬置于所述底座的内侧,多个所述压电片错开排布;多个所述传动件一一对应地固定于多个所述压电片的悬空端,且均固定连接所述振膜的中部,所述振膜的周缘固定连接所述底座;
    其中,多个所述压电片包括第一压电片和第二压电片,所述第一压电片的延伸方向与所述第二压电片的延伸方向相交。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器,其特征在于,所述第一压电片的延伸方向与所述第二压电片的延伸方向垂直。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的扬声器,其特征在于,所述底座包括相邻且相交设置的第一侧壁和第二侧壁,所述第一压电片的固定端固定于所述第一侧壁,第二压电片的固定端固定于所述第二侧壁。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的扬声器,其特征在于,多个所述压电片还包括第三压电片,所述第三压电片的固定端固定于所述第二侧壁,所述第三压电片的延伸方向与所述第二压电片的延伸方向相同;或者,所述第三压电片的固定端固定于所述第一侧壁,所述第三压电片的延伸方向与所述第一压电片的延伸方向相同。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任意一项所述的扬声器,其特征在于,所述第一压电片的形状不同于所述第二压电片的形状,和/或所述第一压电片采用的材质不同于所述第二压电片采用的材质。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任意一项所述的扬声器,其特征在于,所述扬声器还包括罩体、多个压电件、多个连接件及匹配振膜;所述压电件包括固定端和悬空端,各所述压电件的固定端均固定于所述罩体,各所述压电件的悬空端均悬置于所述罩体的内侧,多个所述连接件一一对应地固定于多个所述压电件的悬空端,且均固定连接所述匹配振膜的中部;
    多个所述压电件包括第一压电件和第二压电件,所述第一压电件的延伸方向与所述第二压电件的延伸方向相交;所述匹配振膜的周缘固定连接所述罩体,所述罩体固定连接所述底座,所述匹配振膜与所述振膜之间形成所述扬声器的前腔或背腔。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的扬声器,其特征在于,所述底座包括底壁和环绕所述底壁设置的侧壁,所述压电片的固定端、振膜的周缘均固定连接所述底座的侧壁,所述压电片位于所述振膜与所述底座的底壁之间;所述罩体包括顶壁和环绕所述顶壁设置的周侧壁,所述压电件的固定端、所述匹配振膜的周缘均固定连接所述罩体的周侧壁,所述压电件位于所述匹配振膜与所述罩体的顶壁之间,且所述匹配振膜和所述振膜之间形成所述扬声器的前腔。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的扬声器,其特征在于,所述扬声器还包括边框,所述边框固定连接在所述底座与所述罩体的之间,所述边框设有出音孔,所述出音孔连通所述前腔。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的扬声器,其特征在于,所述底座包括底壁和环绕所述底壁设置的侧壁,所述压电片的固定端、振膜的周缘均固定连接所述底座的侧壁,所述振膜位于所述压电片与所述底座的底壁之间;所述罩体包括顶壁和环绕所述顶壁的周侧壁,所述压电件的固定端、所述匹配振膜的周缘均固定连接所述罩体的周侧壁,所述匹配振膜位于所述压电件与所述罩体的顶壁之间,且所述匹配振膜和所述振膜之间形成所述扬声器的背腔。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的扬声器,其特征在于,所述底座的侧边设有第一出音孔,所述底座与所述振膜之间形成第一前腔,所述第一前腔连通所述第一出音孔;所述罩体的侧边设 有第二出音孔,所述罩体与所述匹配振膜之间形成第二前腔,所述第二前腔连通所述第二出音孔。
  11. 根据权利要求6所述的扬声器,其特征在于,所述多个压电片形成第一压电单元,所述多个压电件形成第二压电单元,所述第一压电单元的结构与所述第二压电单元的结构相同。
  12. 根据权利要求6所述的扬声器,其特征在于,所述多个压电片形成第一压电单元,所述多个压电件形成第二压电单元,所述第一压电单元的结构与所述第二压电单元的结构呈镜面对称结构,且对称面平行于振膜。
  13. 根据权利要求6所述的扬声器,其特征在于,所述振膜包括振膜本体和折环部,所述折环部的内侧连接于所述振膜本体的周缘,所述折环部的外侧连接于所述底座,所述折环部的中部相对所述振膜本体沿第一方向凸出,所述第一方向与所述扬声器的厚度方向平行,多个所述传动件均固定连接所述振膜本体;
    所述匹配振膜包括振膜本体和折环部,所述折环部的内侧连接于所述振膜本体的周缘,所述折环部的外侧连接于所述罩体,所述折环部的中部相对所述振膜本体沿第二方向凸出,所述第二方向与所述第一方向相反,且所述折环部在所述底座上的投影与所述折环部在所述底座上的投影至少部分重叠。
  14. 根据权利要求1至5中任意一项所述的扬声器,其特征在于,所述扬声器还包括罩体,所述罩体固定于所述底座的上方,所述底座与所述振膜之间形成背腔,所述罩体与所述振膜之间形成前腔,所述罩体设有与所述前腔连通的出音孔。
  15. 根据权利要求6至14中任意一项所述的扬声器,其特征在于,多个所述压电片中至少一个所述压电片包括第一部分和第二部分,所述第一部分远离所述第二部分的一端为所述压电片的固定端,所述第一部分靠近所述第二部分的一端和所述第二部分为所述压电片的悬空端,且第一部分的延伸方向与所述第二部分的延伸方向相同;其中,所述第一部分采用压电材料,所述第二部分的材料密度小于所述第一部分的材料密度。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的扬声器,其特征在于,所述第二部分包括第一板面、第二板面及端侧面,所述第一板面与所述第二板面相背设置,所述端侧面连接在所述第一板面与所述第二板面之间,所述端侧面为倾斜面或台阶面,所述第一部分连接所述端侧面。
  17. 根据权利要求1至5中任意一项所述的扬声器,其特征在于,所述扬声器还包括第一电极和第二电极,所述第一电极和所述第二电极均固定于所述压电片的固定端。
  18. 一种扬声器,其特征在于,包括底座、压电片、传动件和振膜,所述压电片包括固定端和悬空端,所述压电片的固定端均固定于所述底座,所述压电片的悬空端悬置于所述底座的内侧,所述传动件固定于所述压电片的悬空端,且固定连接所述振膜的中部,所述振膜的周缘固定连接所述底座;
    其中,所述压电片包括第一部分和第二部分,所述第一部分远离所述第二部分的一端为所述压电片的固定端,所述第一部分靠近所述第二部分的一端和所述第二部分为所述压电片的悬空端,且第一部分的延伸方向与所述第二部分的延伸方向相同;其中,所述第一部分采用压电材料,所述第二部分的材料密度小于所述第一部分的材料密度。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的扬声器,其特征在于,所述第二部分包括第一板面、第二板面及端侧面,所述第一板面与所述第二板面相背设置,所述端侧面连接在所述第一板面与所述第二板面之间,所述端侧面为倾斜面或台阶面,所述第一部分连接所述端侧面。
  20. 一种电子设备,其特征在于,包括壳体和如权利要求1至19中任意一项所述的扬声器,所述扬声器安装于所述壳体。
PCT/CN2021/141538 2020-12-28 2021-12-27 扬声器及电子设备 WO2022143503A1 (zh)

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