WO2022139571A1 - Joint mécanique de pieu doté d'une ou plusieurs saillies de verrouillage rainurées pour une installation facile d'une ou plusieurs broches de verrouillage - Google Patents

Joint mécanique de pieu doté d'une ou plusieurs saillies de verrouillage rainurées pour une installation facile d'une ou plusieurs broches de verrouillage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022139571A1
WO2022139571A1 PCT/MY2021/050085 MY2021050085W WO2022139571A1 WO 2022139571 A1 WO2022139571 A1 WO 2022139571A1 MY 2021050085 W MY2021050085 W MY 2021050085W WO 2022139571 A1 WO2022139571 A1 WO 2022139571A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
locking pin
protuberances
pins
grooved
protuberance
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/MY2021/050085
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Kenny Tze Ken TAN
Original Assignee
Tan Kenny Tze Ken
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tan Kenny Tze Ken filed Critical Tan Kenny Tze Ken
Priority to JP2023532704A priority Critical patent/JP2023553842A/ja
Priority to CN202180083691.4A priority patent/CN116710615A/zh
Priority to EP21911635.7A priority patent/EP4267803A1/fr
Priority to KR1020237021009A priority patent/KR20230122029A/ko
Priority to AU2021410532A priority patent/AU2021410532A1/en
Publication of WO2022139571A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022139571A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/52—Piles composed of separable parts, e.g. telescopic tubes ; Piles composed of segments
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/52—Piles composed of separable parts, e.g. telescopic tubes ; Piles composed of segments
    • E02D5/523—Piles composed of separable parts, e.g. telescopic tubes ; Piles composed of segments composed of segments
    • E02D5/526—Connection means between pile segments
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D2600/00—Miscellaneous
    • E02D2600/20—Miscellaneous comprising details of connection between elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to piles used in the foundation of structures, and in particular it relates to pile sections and their pile joints.
  • prefabricated piles are produced in segments.
  • individual piles are lengthened by joining individual segments via steel joints.
  • steel joints There are basically 2 types of steel joints, mechanical and welded type steel joints.
  • a conventional welded type steel joint for piles consists of the following steel components
  • Anchorage bars (optional for prestressed piles)
  • Screw hole or holes typically for prestressed piles
  • a typical welded type steel joint is welded along the perimeter of the joint plate.
  • welded type steel joint plates are made as male (with a protruding steel bar) and female (with a pipe to receive the protruding steel bar of the male joint plate) joint plates and sometimes welded type joint plates are made identical with no protruding steel bars or with no steel pipes.
  • Anchorage bars that are connected to joint plates function to transfer stresses that are experienced by piles however some joint plates, usually for prestressed piles, do not have anchorage bars and the joint plates transfer stresses to the prestressed wires, strands or tendons of prestressed piles.
  • prestressed piles conventionally attach their joint plates by hooking the joint plates onto the piles via the prestressed wires, strands or tendons that have undergone an additional process whereby the ends of the prestress wires, strands or tendons are compressed and enlarged into a mushroom shaped button and the enlarged mushroom button ends are hooked to the joint plates to secure the joint plates onto the piles.
  • joint plates are placed at both ends of a pile mould with the steel joint plates being at opposing ends. Joint plates are secured properly by being secured to the prestressed wires, strands or tendons (for prestressed piles) or by being secured to the pile mould’s doors (for non-prestressed piles).
  • each dowel/dowels possesses a machined hole to receive the locking pin/pins (where the locking pin/pins enters the machined hole of the dowel/dowels to prevent release of the dowel/dowels).
  • the locking pin is introduced from the outside of the pile and travels through a cylindrical cavity before making contact with the dowel/dowels.
  • This type of pile mechanical joint has been widely used and is fairly consistent in performance however a fairly thick joint plate is necessary due to the termal strain caused by the welding of the dowel/dowels onto the joint plate.
  • a futher common issue with this type of pile mechanical joint is that the cylindrical cavity, where the locking pin travels, may become blocked or obstructed either by concrete from the pile concrete casting stage or from typical debris from the piling stage thereby making this type of pile mechanical joint be difficult to install or even rendering it inoperable.
  • joint plates that need to be welded along the perimeter in order to complete the joining of piles have a common problem where the welding quality is often times questionable. Given that the welding of the joint plates’ perimeter is done outdoors and not inside a factory, the effects of the environment may adversely affect the quality of the welding. In addition, the weld quality is also directly dependent on the skill of the welder and that can be a subject of quality fluctuations and human errors that may severely affect the perfomance of welded pile joints.
  • the present invention does away with the need to weld the perimeter of the joint plates which is necessary in the case of the conventional welded joint design that has been found to be time consuming wherein the quality of the final perfomance of the welded pile joints are very much dependent on the skill of the welder.
  • the head of the grooved protuberance/protuberances is lathe machined-formed to a mushroom-like shape with a threaded bolt base/stem.
  • the diameter of the head is greater than the diameter of the threaded base/stem.
  • the head of the grooved protuberance/protuberances shall be accurately lathe-machined to create uniform contact with the locking pin which may be circular in cross section and to ensure, by virtue of the accurate amount of protrusion from the joint plate, consistent working tolerance irrespective of joint plate dimensional inaccuracies.
  • the grooved protuberance/protuberances is fabricated with a threaded bolt base/stem.
  • the pile’s joint plate shall be drilled and tapped to create threaded holes to receive the threaded bolt base/stem of the grooved protuberance/protuberances.
  • a flat end mill cutter of a diameter that is slightly greater than the diameter of the head of the grooved protuberance/protuberances is used to mill out a round cavity/cavities that is located at a set distance beside the threaded bolt hole/holes. This cavity/cavities shall receive the grooved protuberance/protuberances from the opposing pile’s joint plate. Additionally the use of a T-slot type side mill cutter can be used to futher create a notch for the lip of the grooved protuberance/protuberances to rest on for additional locking sterngth.
  • a groove/slot is milled in between the threaded bolt hole/holes and the receiving cavity/cavities using a side mill cutter instead of an end mill cutter to create a channel on which the locking pin is to traverse.
  • the groove/slot is machined in such a way that when the two joint plates are combined, a complete channel is formed from the two grooves/slots which will allow the locking pin to be inserted from the outside of the pile to contact the grooved protuberances.
  • each groove/slot forms one half of the channel that the locking pin will traverse and two grooves/slots form a complete channel.
  • the locking pin/pins is a steel rod that will typically be cylindrical in shape that functions to be inserted in between two grooved protuberances (one with the head facing up and another one with the head facing down) after the two pile joint plates are in contact.
  • the locking pin/pins is inserted into the channel created by the two grooves/slots created by the two contacting joint plates and after the locking pin/pins makes contact with the grooved protuberances, the locking pin is hammered-in to lock the pile joints together.
  • the present invention will essentially be a mechanical joint locking mechanism for pile joints comprising a single or a plurality of grooved protruberances with threaded base/stem and their corresponding threaded bolt hole/holes in the pile’s joint plate; a single or a plurality of receiving cavities (for receiving the opposing single or a plurality of protruberances from the opposing joint); a single or a plurality of milled grooves/slots in the pile’s joint plate and their corresponding locking pin/pins that can be of any shape in cross section.
  • the shape of the groove in the grooved protuberance/protuberances shall depend on the shape of the cross section of the locking pin/pins.
  • the grooved protuberance/protuberances is in partial contact with the surface of the locking pin/pins. And in addition, by virtue of the discontinuous aspect of how the grooved protuberance/protuberance is only partially surrounding the perimeter of the locking pin/pins, it allows for some flex of the grooved protuberance/protuberances thereby enabling easy locking pin/pins insertion. Load transfer (such as tensile loads) will be from the upper grooved protuberance to the lower grooved protuberance with the locking pin in between.
  • the present invention does not require the grooved protuberance/protuberances to be welded to the joint plates but rather the grooved protuberance/protuberances will be assembled onto the pile’s joint plates by screwing the threaded portion of the the grooved protuberance/protuberances onto the joint plates itself. Without the need for welding there will not be any thermal strain caused by welding hence no need for thick joint plates to distribute/withstand the thermal strain and also some flex/lateral movement of the grooved protuberance/protuberances is made possible due to the lack of welding between the grooved protuberance/protuberances onto the joint plate which permits easy locking pin installation.
  • the locking pin/pins travel and friction with the grooved protuberance/protuberances creates a tightening torque due to the grooved protuberance/protuberances’ threaded base/stem. This results in further prestressing of the locking mechanism and also serves as a form of quality assurance that the locking mechanism is properly assembled upon completion of the locking pin/pins installation/hammering.
  • the locking pins will also experience easy installation/hammering-in due to the grooved protuberances available rotation due to it being screwed onto the joint plates and not being welded on to the joint plates.
  • the contact of the each locking pin to two grooved protuberances ensures tensile loads can be catered for.
  • the present invention s grooved protuberance/protuberances is screwed onto the pile’s joint plates and each grooved protuberance/protuberances, which is accurately lathe machined to within working tolerances. Joint plate inaccurate machining tolerance, damage, or deformation, to the extent that will normally result in prior art mechanical joints to be difficult or even render them inoperable, are less of an issue to the present invention given that the grooved protuberance/protuberances themselves have the required tolerances manufactured together.
  • the amount of protrusion (which is essential to the present invention’s operating tolerance) is always accurate due to the accuracy being in-built into the grooved protuberances themselves and is irrespective of the joint plate’s dimensional condition.
  • a typical execution of the pile mechanical joint operation’s process involves two opposing pile joints (with the grooved protuberances screwed on properly into their respective threaded holes), being placed together such that the grooved protuberances all enter the receiving cavities until both piles’ joint plates’ are in full contact.
  • the locking of the pile joints is complete when the locking pin/pins is inserted (via a pathway that is created when two milled grooves/slots from two opposing joint plates meet), typically by hammering, such that the locking pin/pins will contact the groove of the protuberance/protuberances thereby preventing the separation of the two pile joints.
  • the locking pin/pins will serve to transfer tensile loads and also to prevent separation of the joint plates after locking pin/pins installation.
  • the open or exposed nature of the grooved protuberance/protuberances, milled grooves/slots for the locking pin/pins and the receiving cavity/cavities means that debris are easily cleaned away and visual inspection of any possible physical obtructions to successful locking pin/pins installations can be conducted easily.
  • the present invention does not have a machined hole but rather a groove carved (or milled) out on the protuberance/protuberances and being discontinuous in nature.
  • the machined hole of the prior art is a cavity with steel material existing continuously which will fully surround the perimeter of the locking pin/pins and the present invention’s grooved protuberance/protuberances does not surround the full perimeter of the locking pin/pins and is therefore described as being discountinuous.
  • the discontinuous nature of the grooved protuberance/protuberances of the present invention will still result in the locking pin/pins to be easier to be hammered-in/installed, by virtue of the grooved protuberance/protuberances being able to flex/bend a little which the prior art (dowel/dowels with a machined hole) does not allow this sort of flex/bend.
  • This type of prior art requires welding of the dowel/dowels to the joint plate and does not have the present invention’s use of a threaded base/stem for the grooved protuberance/protuberances, that does not need welding and allows for some tightening torque and additional prestressing when the locking pin/pins is fully installed.
  • the present inventions lack of welding permits additional flex in the grooved protuberance/protuberances thereby allowing easy locking pin/pins installation.
  • the second type of prior art in W02015026223 - “End Plate For Concrete Piles”, is the type where the full length (or a majority of the length) of the locking pin/pins being required to participate or contribute to the locking mechanism.
  • the problem with this type of prior art is that it requires high machining tolerance and also for significant majority or all of the length of the locking pin/pins to be wedged into the locking mechanism. Machining inaccuracies or deformation/damages due to piling practices may result in the locking pin/pins to be extrememly difficult or even impossible to be hammered-in/installed.
  • the present invention only requires a small part of the locking pin/pins to be contacting the grooved protuberance/protuberances, which for the prior art it is required that a significant majority of the length of the locking pin/pins to be contributing directly to the locking mechanisms transfer of forces.
  • the locking pin/pins of the present invention does not need to have any contact with the joint plates at all (since the grooved protuberance/protuberances transfer tension or bending forces directly to the locking pin/pins with no contribution or influence from the joint plates, which is different for the prior art where not only is the joint plate of the prior art is in contact with the locking pin/pins, the transfer of tension or bending forces is practically from the joint plates to the locking pin/pins directly.
  • the partial contact aspect of the present invention makes the present invention practically debris proof as well as enabling easy locking pin/pins insertion.
  • This type of prior does not have the present invention’s use of a threaded base/stem for the grooved protuberance/protuberances, that does not need welding and allows for some tightening torque and additional prestressing when the locking pin/pins is fully installed as well as permitting some flex of the grooved protuberance/protuberances which allows for easy locking pin/pins installation.
  • the main objective of the present invention is that it provides for a mechanical pile joint that allows easier installation of the locking pin/pins by virtue of the discontinuous nature of the grooved protuberance/protuberances and by virtue of the partial contact of locking pin/pins to the grooved protuberance/protuberancs which will further allow easy installation of the locking pin/pins by not requiring a significant majority of the locking pin/pins to be wedged in place in order for the mechanical lock of the pile’s joint plates to work to its full capability.
  • Another objective of the present invention is to create a mechanical joint for piles that is inherently simple that due to its inherent simplicity it will provide or produce consistency in performance.
  • a further objective of the present invention is to create an economical mechanical pile joint that will not compromise on its performance despite being economical.
  • Figure 1 shows the standard welded joint plates for a simplified typical square pile and a simplified typical spun hollow cylindrical pile.
  • Figure 2 show the present invention on a typical spun pile’s joint plate on a typical spun pile.
  • Figure 3 shows a typical embodiment of the present invention where the locking pin is square in cross sectional shape.
  • Figure 4 shows a typical embodiment of the present invention where the locking pin is circular in cross sectional shape.
  • Figure 5 shows a typical embodiment of the present invention where the grooved protuberance is on the left and the locking pin is on the right.
  • Figure 1 shows the conventional welded joint plates (1) for a simplified typical square pile and a simplified typical spun hollow cylindrical pile that the present invention seeks to replace.
  • the top left is an illustration of a typical spun pile joint plate’s (1) plan view
  • the top right is an illustration of a typical square pile’s joint plate’s (1) plan view
  • the bottom left is a side view for a typical spun pile’s joint plate (1)
  • lastly the bottom right is a side view for a typical square pile joint plate (1).
  • the joint plates (1) are cast/installed the ends of precast piles and the joint plates (1) enable individual sections of precast piles to be extended in length when deep piling penetration depth is required, via welding all along the perimeter of the contacting joint plates (1).
  • Figure 2 shows the present invention of a pile mechanical joint on a spun pile’s joint plate (1).
  • the spun pile’s joint plate (1) will have threaded holes (2) that is originally used during the spun pile manufacturing process to impart prestress onto the spun pile’s prestress wires, strands or tendons and also to secure the joint plates (1) onto the pile’s mould of which the present invention shall use these same threaded holes (2) to install the grooved protuberances (3), receiving cavities (4) that are meant to receive the grooved protuberances (3) of the opposing joint plates (1) of the top spun pile (5), and milled grooves/slots (6) of both the top joint plate (1) and the bottom joint plate (1), when in full contact will both form the complete pathway for the locking pins (7) that will be installed to complete the joint plate’s (1) locking process that will attach the top pile’s joint plate (1) to the bottom pile’s joint plate (1).
  • a single milled groove/slot (6) forms one half of a complete pathway for one locking pin (7) and when both top plate (1) and bottom joint plate (1) are in full contact then the two contacting milled grooves/slots (6) from the top joint plate (1) and the bottom joint plate (1) form a single complete locking pin (7) pathway to the grooved protuberances (3).
  • the top pile (5) and the bottom piles (8) are joined when their then locking pin/pins (7) are fully installed which can be seen in Figure 2(b) and Figure 2(c).
  • Figure 3 shows a typical embodiment of the present invention where the locking pin (7) is square in cross sectional shape.
  • the top figure shows the unassembled lock of the present invention whereby the top joint plate (1) and bottom joint plate (1) each has a grooved protuberance (3), a receiving cavity (4) to receive the opposing grooved protuberance (3), and a milled groove/slot (6).
  • the bottom figure shows the present invention with only the locking pin (7) is left uninstalled in order to make for clearer viewing of the present invention’s intricacies.
  • the bottom diagram shows both the top joint plate (1) and the bottom joint plate (1) being in contact, the respective grooved protuberances (3) for both the top joint plate (1) and the bottom joint plates (1) is in their respective cavities (4) and all that is left is to install the locking pin (7) into the pathway created by the two milled grooves/slots (6).
  • the installation of the locking pin (7) will prevent the escape of the two grooved protuberances (3) by virtue of the locking pin (7) obstructing the grooved protuberances’ (3) pathway of escape thereby locking together the two piles’ joint plates (1).
  • Figure 4 shows a typical embodiment of the present invention where the locking pin (7) is circular in cross sectional shape.
  • the top figure shows the unassembled lock of the present invention whereby the top joint plate (1) and bottom joint plate (1) each has a grooved protuberance (3), a cavity (4) to receive the opposing grooved protuberance (3), and a milled groove/slot (6).
  • the bottom figure shows the present invention with only the locking pin (7) is left uninstalled in order to make for clearer viewing of the present invention’s intricacies.
  • the bottom figure shows both the top joint plate (1) and the bottom joint plate (1) being in contact, the respective grooved protuberances (3) for both the top pile’s (5) joint plate (1) and the bottom joint plate (1) is in their respective cavities (4) and all that is left is to install the locking pin (7) into the pathway created by the two milled grooves/slots (6).
  • the installation of the locking pin (7) will prevent the escape of the two grooved protuberances (3) by virtue of the locking pin (7) obstructing the grooved protuberances’ (3) pathway of escape thereby locking together the two piles’ joint plates (1).
  • Figure 5 shows a typical embodiment of the present invention where the grooved protuberance (3) is on the left and the locking pin (7) is on the right.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Slide Fasteners, Snap Fasteners, And Hook Fasteners (AREA)

Abstract

Un mécanisme de verrouillage mécanique de pieu doté d'une ou plusieurs sailles de verrouillage rainurées vissées (3), qui du fait de la flexion de la ou des saillies rainurées vissées et non soudées (3) et de la ou des broches de verrouillage (7) ayant une faible ampleur de contact avec la ou les saillies rainurées (3), permet d'installer facilement la ou les broches de verrouillage (7) même avec l'existence de débris typiques provenant de l'étage d'empilement ou même lorsque des tolérances dimensionnelles des couvre-joints du pieu (1) ne sont pas idéales en raison d'une erreur de fabrication ou d'un endommagement par des forces externes. Le mécanisme de verrouillage mécanique, qui est ouvert ou exposé dans la nature, permet à des débris d'être facilement nettoyés et permet une inspection visuelle de toute obstruction physique possible de manière à pouvoir réaliser facilement et avec succès des installations de la ou des broches de verrouillage (7).
PCT/MY2021/050085 2020-12-22 2021-10-07 Joint mécanique de pieu doté d'une ou plusieurs saillies de verrouillage rainurées pour une installation facile d'une ou plusieurs broches de verrouillage WO2022139571A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2023532704A JP2023553842A (ja) 2020-12-22 2021-10-07 ロッキングピンの容易な設置のために溝付きロッキング突起部を備えた杭の機械的継手
CN202180083691.4A CN116710615A (zh) 2020-12-22 2021-10-07 用于容易的一个或多个锁定销的安装的具有一个或多个带槽锁定突起的桩机械接头
EP21911635.7A EP4267803A1 (fr) 2020-12-22 2021-10-07 Joint mécanique de pieu doté d'une ou plusieurs saillies de verrouillage rainurées pour une installation facile d'une ou plusieurs broches de verrouillage
KR1020237021009A KR20230122029A (ko) 2020-12-22 2021-10-07 간편한 록킹핀/핀들 장착을 위한 홈이 있는 록킹돌기/돌기들을 갖는 파일 메카니컬 조인트
AU2021410532A AU2021410532A1 (en) 2020-12-22 2021-10-07 Pile mechanical joint with grooved locking protuberance/protuberances for easy locking pin/pins installation

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
MYPI2020006938 2020-12-22
MYPI2020006938 2020-12-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2022139571A1 true WO2022139571A1 (fr) 2022-06-30

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/MY2021/050085 WO2022139571A1 (fr) 2020-12-22 2021-10-07 Joint mécanique de pieu doté d'une ou plusieurs saillies de verrouillage rainurées pour une installation facile d'une ou plusieurs broches de verrouillage

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4267803A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2023553842A (fr)
KR (1) KR20230122029A (fr)
CN (1) CN116710615A (fr)
AU (1) AU2021410532A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2022139571A1 (fr)

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2363150A (en) 2000-05-20 2001-12-12 Roxbury Ltd Spigot and socket pile section connection
US20040047693A1 (en) * 2002-09-06 2004-03-11 Atsushi Nishiwaki Joining structure of pile
EP2382357B1 (fr) * 2008-12-23 2014-05-28 Centrum Pæle A/S Extension de pieux
WO2015026223A1 (fr) 2013-08-21 2015-02-26 Chin Chai Ong Plaque d'extrémité
KR101983287B1 (ko) * 2018-06-12 2019-05-28 주식회사 택한 Phc 파일 연결구
KR102104021B1 (ko) * 2017-12-26 2020-04-23 주식회사 포스코 강관 연결장치
WO2020094923A1 (fr) 2018-11-07 2020-05-14 Leimet Oy Joint de pieux

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2363150A (en) 2000-05-20 2001-12-12 Roxbury Ltd Spigot and socket pile section connection
US20040047693A1 (en) * 2002-09-06 2004-03-11 Atsushi Nishiwaki Joining structure of pile
EP2382357B1 (fr) * 2008-12-23 2014-05-28 Centrum Pæle A/S Extension de pieux
WO2015026223A1 (fr) 2013-08-21 2015-02-26 Chin Chai Ong Plaque d'extrémité
KR102104021B1 (ko) * 2017-12-26 2020-04-23 주식회사 포스코 강관 연결장치
KR101983287B1 (ko) * 2018-06-12 2019-05-28 주식회사 택한 Phc 파일 연결구
WO2020094923A1 (fr) 2018-11-07 2020-05-14 Leimet Oy Joint de pieux

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR20230122029A (ko) 2023-08-22
EP4267803A1 (fr) 2023-11-01
CN116710615A (zh) 2023-09-05
JP2023553842A (ja) 2023-12-26
AU2021410532A1 (en) 2023-06-22

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