WO2022139449A1 - 개선된 무선랜 센싱 절차 - Google Patents

개선된 무선랜 센싱 절차 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022139449A1
WO2022139449A1 PCT/KR2021/019596 KR2021019596W WO2022139449A1 WO 2022139449 A1 WO2022139449 A1 WO 2022139449A1 KR 2021019596 W KR2021019596 W KR 2021019596W WO 2022139449 A1 WO2022139449 A1 WO 2022139449A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
frame
sensing
response
ndp
sta
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PCT/KR2021/019596
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English (en)
French (fr)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
임동국
김정기
최진수
장인선
김상국
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LG Electronics Inc
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LG Electronics Inc
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Priority to KR1020237020142A priority Critical patent/KR20230121750A/ko
Priority to US18/269,462 priority patent/US20240064804A1/en
Priority to EP21911516.9A priority patent/EP4270049A4/en
Priority to JP2023538028A priority patent/JP2024500889A/ja
Priority to MX2023007252A priority patent/MX2023007252A/es
Publication of WO2022139449A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022139449A1/ko
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to US18/377,691 priority patent/US12114357B2/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0808—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
    • H04W4/023—Services making use of location information using mutual or relative location information between multiple location based services [LBS] targets or of distance thresholds
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/003—Bistatic radar systems; Multistatic radar systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/74—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/76—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems wherein pulse-type signals are transmitted
    • G01S13/765—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems wherein pulse-type signals are transmitted with exchange of information between interrogator and responder
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/87—Combinations of radar systems, e.g. primary radar and secondary radar
    • G01S13/878—Combination of several spaced transmitters or receivers of known location for determining the position of a transponder or a reflector
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/003—Transmission of data between radar, sonar or lidar systems and remote stations
    • G01S7/006—Transmission of data between radar, sonar or lidar systems and remote stations using shared front-end circuitry, e.g. antennas
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/35—Details of non-pulse systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/10—Scheduling measurement reports ; Arrangements for measurement reports

Definitions

  • This specification relates to a wireless LAN system, and more particularly, to wireless LAN sensing.
  • a wireless local area network has been improved in various ways.
  • IEEE 802.11bf wireless LAN sensing is the first standard that converges communications and radar technologies.
  • the demand for unlicensed frequencies is rapidly increasing in daily life and industry, there is a limit to the new supply of frequencies.
  • Wireless LAN sensing technology can be applied to a wide range of real life applications such as motion detection, breathing monitoring, positioning/tracking, fall detection, in-vehicle infant detection, appearance/proximity recognition, personal identification, body motion recognition, and behavior recognition, thereby promoting the growth of related new businesses and It is expected to contribute to enhancing the competitiveness of the company.
  • WLAN sensing proposed in this specification may be used to sense a motion or gesture of an object (person or thing).
  • the WLAN STA may sense the motion or gesture of an object (person or thing) based on measurement results for various types of frames/packets designed for WLAN sensing.
  • P2P peer-to-peer
  • This specification proposes a new signal transmission/reception procedure between STAs when sensing measurement initiated by an STA rather than an AP is performed.
  • a sensing measurement procedure performed by the AP by an STA other than the AP transmitting a sensing start frame to the AP is proposed.
  • a procedure in which the AP requests the responder STAs to transmit the NDP frame by the STA, not the AP, transmitting a sensing start frame to the AP is proposed.
  • a method of configuring a frame transmitted and received in the above procedures is proposed.
  • a signal transmission/reception procedure without P2P operation when the sensing procedure is initiated by the STA rather than the AP is newly proposed. Accordingly, the complexity of the overall sensing procedure, such as sensing measurement, may be reduced.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of a wireless LAN sensing scenario using a multi-sensing transmission device.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of a wireless LAN sensing scenario using a multi-sensing receiving device.
  • FIG. 3 shows an example of a wireless LAN sensing procedure.
  • 4 is an example of classification of wireless LAN sensing.
  • FIG. 6 is an example of an implementation of a wireless LAN sensing device.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram briefly illustrating a PPDU structure supported by an 802.11ay wireless LAN system.
  • FIG. 8 shows an example of a sensing frame format.
  • FIG 9 shows another example of a sensing frame format.
  • FIG. 10 shows another example of a sensing frame format.
  • FIG. 11 shows another example of a sensing frame format.
  • FIG. 12 shows another example of a sensing frame format.
  • FIG. 13 shows another example of a sensing frame format.
  • FIG. 14 shows a modified example of a transmitting apparatus and/or a receiving apparatus of the present specification.
  • 15 shows an example of a measurement sequence/measurement sequence when a non-AP STA that is an initiator performs the role of a transmitter.
  • 16 illustrates an example of a measurement sequence/measurement sequence when a non-AP STA, which is an initiator, performs the role of a receiver.
  • 17 is a flowchart for an example of a method performed by an initiating device in a wireless LAN system.
  • FIG. 18 is a flowchart for an example of a method performed by an AP in a WLAN system.
  • a or B (A or B) may mean “only A”, “only B” or “both A and B”.
  • a or B (A or B)” may be interpreted as “A and/or B (A and/or B)”.
  • A, B or C(A, B or C) means “only A” “only B” “only C” or “any combination of A, B and C”. A, B and C)”.
  • a slash (/) or a comma (comma) used herein may mean “and/or”.
  • A/B may mean “A and/or B”. Accordingly, “A/B” can mean “only A”, “only B” or “both A and B”.
  • A, B, C may mean “A, B, or C”.
  • At least one of A and B may mean “only A”, “only B” or “both A and B”.
  • the expression “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of A and/or B” means “at least one It can be interpreted the same as “at least one of A and B”.
  • “at least one of A, B and C” means “only A”, “only B” “only C” or “any of A, B and C” may mean “any combination of A, B and C”. Also, “at least one of A, B or C” or “at least one of A, B and/or C” means may mean “at least one of A, B and C”.
  • the following examples of the present specification may be applied to various wireless communication systems.
  • the following example of the present specification may be applied to a wireless local area network (WLAN) system.
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • the present specification may be applied to the IEEE 802.11ad standard or the IEEE 802.11ay standard.
  • the present specification may be applied to a newly proposed wireless LAN sensing standard or IEEE 802.11bf standard.
  • the wireless LAN sensing technology is a kind of radar technology that can be implemented without a standard, it is judged that stronger performance can be obtained through standardization.
  • the IEEE 802.11bf standard defines devices participating in wireless LAN sensing by function as shown in the table below. According to its function, it can be divided into a device that initiates wireless LAN sensing and a device that participates, and a device that transmits and receives a sensing PPDU (Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit).
  • PPDU Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit
  • Sensing Initiator device that initiates sensing Sensing Responder Devices participating in sensing Sensing Transmitter A device that transmits a sensing PPDU Sensing Receiver A device that receives a sensing PPDU
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of a wireless LAN sensing scenario using a multi-sensing transmission device.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of a wireless LAN sensing scenario using a multi-sensing receiving device.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 show sensing scenarios according to the function and arrangement of a wireless LAN sensing device.
  • FIG. 1 is a scenario using multiple sensing PPDU transmitting devices
  • FIG. 2 is a scenario using multiple sensing PPDU receiving devices.
  • the sensing PPDU receiving device includes the sensing measurement signal processing device
  • a procedure for transmitting (feedback) the sensing measurement result to the sensing start device STA 5 is additionally required.
  • FIG. 3 shows an example of a wireless LAN sensing procedure.
  • discovery is a process of identifying the sensing capabilities of WLAN devices
  • negotiation is a process of determining a sensing parameter between a sensing start device and a participating device
  • measurement value exchange is a process of transmitting a sensing PPDU and transmitting a sensing measurement result
  • connection Release is the process of terminating the sensing procedure.
  • 4 is an example of classification of wireless LAN sensing.
  • Wireless LAN sensing can be classified into CSI-based sensing, which uses channel state information of a signal that arrives at the receiver through a channel, from the transmitter, and radar-based sensing, which uses a signal received after a transmitted signal is reflected by an object.
  • each sensing technology includes a method in which a sensing transmitter directly participates in the sensing process (coordinated CSI, active radar) and a method in which a sensing transmitter does not participate in the sensing process, that is, there is no dedicated transmitter participating in the sensing process (un -coordinated CSI, passive radar).
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram that utilizes CSI-based wireless LAN sensing for indoor positioning.
  • CSI angle of arrival and time of arrival are obtained, and indoor positioning information can be obtained by converting these into orthogonal coordinates. .
  • FIG. 6 is an example of an implementation of a wireless LAN sensing device.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a wireless LAN sensing device implemented using MATLAB toolbox, Zynq, and USRP.
  • IEEE 802.11ax wireless LAN signals are generated, and RF signals are generated using Zynq Software Defined Radio (SDR).
  • SDR Software Defined Radio
  • the signal passing through the channel is received by USRP SDR and sensing signal processing is performed in the MATLAB toolbox.
  • one reference channel a channel that can be directly received from a sensing transmitter
  • one surveillance channel a channel that can be received by being reflected by an object
  • IEEE 802.11bf wireless LAN sensing standardization is in the early development stage, and cooperative sensing technology to improve sensing accuracy will be treated as important in the future. It is expected that standardization key topics include synchronization technology of sensing signals for cooperative sensing, CSI management and use technology, sensing parameter negotiation and sharing technology, and scheduling technology for CSI generation. In addition, long-distance sensing technology, low-power sensing technology, sensing security and privacy protection technology will also be considered as major agenda items.
  • IEEE 802.11bf wireless LAN sensing is a kind of radar technology that uses a wireless LAN signal that is commonly present anywhere at any time.
  • the table below shows typical IEEE 802.11bf use cases, which can be used in a wide range of real-life situations, such as indoor sensing, motion recognition, health care, 3D vision, and in-vehicle sensing. Because it is mainly used indoors, the operating range is usually within 10 to 20 meters, and the distance accuracy does not exceed 2 meters at most.
  • IEEE 802.11 a technology for sensing the motion or gesture of an object (person or thing) using wi-fi signals of various bands is being discussed. For example, it is possible to sense the motion or gesture of an object (person or thing) using a Wi-Fi signal (eg, 802.11ad or 802.11ay signal) of a 60 GHz band. In addition, it is possible to sense the motion or gesture of an object (person or thing) using a Wi-fi signal (eg, 802.11ac, 802.11ax, 802.11be signal) of sub-7 GHz band.
  • a Wi-Fi signal eg, 802.11ad or 802.11ay signal
  • a Wi-fi signal eg, 802.11ac, 802.11ax, 802.11be signal
  • the technical characteristics of the PPDU according to the 802.11ay standard which is one of the Wi-fi signals of the 60 GHz band that can be utilized for wireless LAN sensing, will be described.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram briefly illustrating a PPDU structure supported by an 802.11ay wireless LAN system.
  • the PPDU format applicable to the 802.11ay system is L-STF, L-CEF, L-Header, EDMG-Header-A, EDMG-STF, EDMG-CEF, EDMG-Header-B, Data , TRN field, and the fields may be selectively included according to the type of PPDU (eg, SU PPDU, MU PPDU, etc.).
  • a portion including the L-STF, L-CEF, and L-Header fields may be referred to as a non-EDMG portion, and the remaining portion may be referred to as an EDMG portion.
  • the L-STF, L-CEF, L-Header, and EDMG-Header-A fields may be named pre-EDMG modulated fields, and the remaining parts may be named EDMG modulated fields.
  • the EDMG-Header-A field includes information required to demodulate an EDMG PPDU.
  • the definition of the EDMG-Header-A field is the same as that of the EDMG SC mode PPDU and the EDMG OFDM mode PPDU, but is different from the definition of the EDMG control mode PPDU.
  • the structure of the EDMG-STF depends on the number of consecutive 2.16 GHz channels through which the EDMG PPDU is transmitted and the index i STS of the i STS -th space-time stream.
  • the EDMG-STF field does not exist.
  • the EDMG-STF field shall be modulated using pi/(2-BPSK).
  • the structure of the EDMG-CEF depends on the number of consecutive 2.16GHz channels through which the EDMG PPDU is transmitted and the number of space-time streams i STSs .
  • the EDMG-CEF field does not exist.
  • the EDMG-CEF field shall be modulated using pi/(2-BPSK).
  • the (legacy) preamble portion of the PPDU as described above includes packet detection, automatic gain control (AGC), frequency offset estimation, synchronization, modulation (SC or OFDM) indication and channel measurement. (channel estimation) can be used.
  • the format of the preamble may be common for OFDM packet and SC packet.
  • the preamble may include a Short Training Field (STF) and a Channel Estimation (CE) field located after the STF field.
  • STF Short Training Field
  • CE Channel Estimation
  • sensing frame format proposed for sensing in a 60 GHz band or for wireless LAN (WLAN) sensing
  • a frame, packet, and/or data unit used for sensing or wireless LAN (WLAN) sensing proposed in this specification may be referred to as a sensing frame.
  • the sensing frame may be called various names such as a sensing measurement frame, a sensing operation frame, and/or a measurement frame.
  • FIG. 8 shows an example of a sensing frame format.
  • the Wi-Fi sensing signal may be transmitted/received for channel estimation between the AP/STA and the STA using a wi-fi signal of 60 GHz.
  • the sensing frame uses the non-EDMG preamble portion (ie, L-STF, L-CEF, L-Header). Including, it may be configured in a frame format as shown in FIG. 8 .
  • the sensing frame may be composed of L-STF, L-CEF, L-Header, EDMG-Header A, EDMG-STF, and EDMG-CEF.
  • the sensing frame performs sensing on an STA or object by estimating a change in a channel between P2P (Point to point) or P2MP (point to multipoint), unlike the existing EDMG frame, it can be configured without including a data field. .
  • the sensing frame is configured including the EDMG-STF and EDMG-CEF fields as shown in FIG. 8 .
  • the STA/AP can accurately measure channel information in sensing transmission/reception bandwidth (BW).
  • BW Bandwidth Information on BW used for sensing
  • EDMG-header A can be transmitted using various BWs as follows.
  • FIG 9 shows another example of a sensing frame format.
  • the sensing signal can be transmitted using only a fixed BW (eg, 2.16 GHz), and in this case, an additional AGC or the like is not required, so the EDMG-STF can be omitted. Therefore, when sensing is performed using only a predetermined BW, the sensing frame format can be configured as shown in FIG. 9 by omitting the EDMG-STF. In addition, since only a predetermined BW is used, the EDMG-header may not include the BW field differently from the existing ones during sensing.
  • FIG. 10 shows another example of a sensing frame format.
  • the 802.11ay transmission at 60 GHz basically transmits signals using beamforming, and at this time, in order to set the optimal beam between Tx and Rx, AWV (antenna) for Tx antenna and Rx antenna using training (ie, TRN) field weight vector). Therefore, since the sensing frame transmits a signal using the previously determined AWV, it is difficult to accurately reflect the changed channel condition. Therefore, in order to more accurately measure the change in the channel, the sensing frame can be configured to include the TRN field as follows, and in this case, the information about the channel can be measured through the TRN field.
  • the sensing frame does not include a data field, and since channel measurement for sensing is performed using TRN, the EDMG-CEF field for channel estimation can be omitted. Therefore, the sensing frame format can be configured as shown in FIG. 11 .
  • FIG. 11 shows another example of a sensing frame format.
  • sensing frame format proposed for sensing in a sub-7 GHz band or for wireless LAN (WLAN) sensing will be described.
  • various PPDUs of 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz bands may be used as the sensing frame.
  • a PPDU according to IEEE 802.11ac, 802.11ax, and/or 802.11be standards may be utilized as the sensing frame.
  • FIG. 12 shows another example of a sensing frame format.
  • the sensing frame according to the present specification may use only some of the fields shown in FIG. 12 .
  • the Data field shown in FIG. 12 may be omitted.
  • the VHT-SIG B and/or HE-SIG B fields shown in FIG. 12 may be omitted.
  • FIG. 13 shows another example of a sensing frame format.
  • the sensing frame according to the present specification may use only a part of the fields of the extreme high throughput (EHT) PPDU shown in FIG. 13 .
  • EHT extreme high throughput
  • the Data field shown in FIG. 13 may be omitted.
  • the PPDU of FIG. 13 may represent some or all of the PPDU types used in the EHT system.
  • the example of FIG. 13 may be used for both a single-user (SU) mode and a multi-user (MU) mode.
  • the PPDU of FIG. 13 may be a PPDU for one receiving STA or a plurality of receiving STAs.
  • the EHT-SIG of FIG. 13 may be omitted.
  • the STA that has received the trigger frame for uplink-MU (UL-MU) communication may transmit a PPDU in which the EHT-SIG is omitted in the example of FIG. 13 .
  • the subcarrier spacing of the L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, RL-SIG, U-SIG, and EHT-SIG fields of FIG. 13 is set to 312.5 kHz, and the subcarrier spacing of the EHT-STF, EHT-LTF, and Data fields may be set to 78.125 kHz. That is, the tone index (or subcarrier index) of the L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, RL-SIG, U-SIG, and EHT-SIG fields is displayed in units of 312.5 kHz, EHT-STF, EHT-LTF, The tone index (or subcarrier index) of the Data field may be displayed in units of 78.125 kHz.
  • L-LTF and L-STF may be the same as the conventional fields.
  • the L-SIG field of FIG. 13 may include, for example, 24-bit bit information.
  • 24-bit information may include a 4-bit Rate field, a 1-bit Reserved bit, a 12-bit Length field, a 1-bit Parity bit, and a 6-bit Tail bit.
  • the 12-bit Length field may include information about the length or time duration of the PPDU.
  • the value of the 12-bit Length field may be determined based on the type of the PPDU. For example, when the PPDU is a non-HT, HT, VHT PPDU or an EHT PPDU, the value of the Length field may be determined as a multiple of 3.
  • the value of the Length field may be determined as "a multiple of 3 + 1" or "a multiple of 3 +2".
  • the value of the Length field may be determined as a multiple of 3
  • the value of the Length field may be "a multiple of 3 + 1" or "a multiple of 3" +2".
  • the transmitting STA may generate the RL-SIG generated in the same way as the L-SIG.
  • BPSK modulation may be applied.
  • the receiving STA may know that the received PPDU is an HE PPDU or an EHT PPDU based on the existence of the RL-SIG.
  • a U-SIG may be inserted after the RL-SIG of FIG. 13 .
  • the U-SIG may be referred to by various names, such as a first SIG field, a first SIG, a first type SIG, a control signal, a control signal field, and a first (type) control signal.
  • the U-SIG may include information of N bits, and may include information for identifying the type of the EHT PPDU.
  • the U-SIG may be configured based on two symbols (eg, two consecutive OFDM symbols).
  • Each symbol (eg, OFDM symbol) for U-SIG may have a duration of 4 us.
  • Each symbol of the U-SIG may be used to transmit 26-bit information.
  • each symbol of U-SIG may be transmitted/received based on 52 data tones and 4 pilot tones.
  • the U-SIG may be configured in units of 20 MHz. For example, when an 80 MHz PPDU is configured, the U-SIG may be duplicated. That is, the same 4 U-SIGs may be included in the 80 MHz PPDU. PPDUs exceeding the 80 MHz bandwidth may include different U-SIGs.
  • the EHT-SIG of FIG. 13 may include control information for the receiving STA.
  • the EHT-SIG may include a common field and a user-specific field.
  • the common field may be omitted, and the number of user-individual fields may be determined based on the number of users.
  • the common field may include RU allocation information.
  • the RU allocation information may refer to information about a location of an RU to which a plurality of users (ie, a plurality of receiving STAs) are allocated. RU allocation information may be configured in units of 9 bits.
  • the user-individual field includes information for decoding at least one RU specified through the common field (eg, STA ID information assigned to the RU, MCS index applied to the RU, LDPC/LDPC applied to the RU) BCC coding type information, etc.).
  • the EHT-STF of FIG. 13 may be used to improve automatic gain control estimation in a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) environment or an OFDMA environment.
  • the EHT-LTF of FIG. 13 may be used to estimate a channel in a MIMO environment or an OFDMA environment.
  • FIG. 14 shows a modified example of a transmitting apparatus and/or a receiving apparatus of the present specification.
  • the apparatus of FIG. 14 includes a mobile terminal, a wireless device, a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU), a user equipment (UE), a mobile station (MS), and a mobile station. It may also be called by various names such as a mobile subscriber unit or simply a user. Also, the device of FIG. 14 may be called by various names such as a base station, a Node-B, an access point (AP), a repeater, a router, and a relay.
  • the processor 610 of FIG. 14 may instruct and control operations performed by the STA, the transmitting STA, the receiving STA, the AP, the non-AP, and/or the user-STA according to the present specification.
  • the processor 610 may receive a signal through the transceiver 630 , process the received signal, generate a transmission signal, and perform control for signal transmission.
  • the illustrated processor, memory, and transceiver may each be implemented as separate chips, or at least two or more blocks/functions may be implemented through one chip.
  • the memory 620 of FIG. 14 may store a signal (ie, a received signal) received through the transceiver 630 and may store a signal (ie, a transmission signal) to be transmitted through the transceiver 630 .
  • the memory 620 of FIG. 14 may store a signal (ie, a received signal) received through the transceiver 630 and may store a signal (ie, a transmission signal) to be transmitted through the transceiver 630 . .
  • the power management module 611 manages power for the processor 610 and/or the transceiver 630 .
  • the battery 612 supplies power to the power management module 611 .
  • the display 613 outputs the result processed by the processor 610 .
  • Keypad 614 receives input to be used by processor 610 .
  • a keypad 614 may be displayed on the display 613 .
  • SIM card 615 may be an integrated circuit used to securely store an international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI) used to identify and authenticate subscribers in mobile phone devices, such as mobile phones and computers, and keys associated therewith. .
  • IMSI international mobile subscriber identity
  • the speaker 640 may output a sound related result processed by the processor 610 .
  • the microphone 641 may receive a sound related input to be used by the processor 610 .
  • the sensing STA may include an STA and an AP. Therefore, in order to efficiently perform WLAN sensing using a signal transmission/reception channel between a sensing initiator/initiator and a plurality of sensing responders/responders, channel estimation for each transmission/reception channel may be required.
  • the present specification proposes a channel sounding method for efficiently performing channel measurement for a plurality of transmission/reception channels used for sensing.
  • an initiator may measure a channel by using a transmission/reception channel with a plurality of responders.
  • the initiator may perform the sensing operation with the following roles.
  • Initiator & transmitter This may refer to a case in which the initiator performs the role of a transmitter for transmitting a measurement frame for channel estimation to a sensing responder.
  • Initiator & receiver may mean a case where the initiator performs a role of receiving the measurement frame by requesting the responder to transmit the measurement frame for channel estimation.
  • the sensing initiator defined as described above may be an AP or a non-AP STA (STA). This specification proposes a sensing measurement procedure when the sensing initiator is a non-AP STA.
  • a non-AP STA that is an initiator may have a role of a transmitter.
  • 15 shows an example of a measurement sequence/measurement sequence when a non-AP STA that is an initiator performs the role of a transmitter.
  • an initiator serving as a transmitter may transmit a sensing request frame to a responder 1 (AP).
  • the initiator may be a non-AP STA.
  • the responder 1 may transmit a response frame to the sensing request frame to the initiator.
  • the responder 1 may transmit a sensing poll frame.
  • responder n may transmit a response frame to the sensing poll frame to responder 1 .
  • the responder 1 may transmit a trigger frame.
  • the initiator may transmit an NDP frame based on the trigger frame.
  • the transmission of the NDP frame may be an operation triggered by the trigger frame.
  • the responder 1 may transmit a feedback request frame to the responder n.
  • the responder n may transmit a feedback frame to the responder 1 .
  • the responder 1 may transmit a sensing feedback frame to the initiator.
  • the responder 1 may transmit a sensing feedback frame to the initiator after receiving the feedback request frame from the initiator.
  • STAs/APs participating in sensing may exchange sensing roles and information on STAs through negotiation for sensing operations.
  • the non-AP STA as the initiator may transmit a sensing request frame or an initial sensing request frame to the AP participating in sensing to start sensing measurement.
  • the request frame transmitted by the non-AP STA may include some or all of the following information.
  • the information may be STA-ID (identifier) information on STAs participating in sensing identified through a negotiation or discovery procedure.
  • STA-ID identifier
  • the indication may be information on whether the initiator plays a transmitter role or a receiver role.
  • the indication may consist of 1 bit. In this case, for example, the indication may be set to 0 when the initiator plays the transmitter role, and the indication may be set to 1 when the initiator plays the receiver role.
  • the information may be information about a time for exchanging a sensing measurement frame.
  • third party STAs may configure a network allocation vector (NAV). Accordingly, the sensing operation may be protected.
  • NAV network allocation vector
  • the TXOP may be a TXOP that a non-AP STA requests from an AP for sensing or a TXOP determined during sensing negotiation.
  • the information may be shared among all STAs participating in sensing. In addition, all STAs participating in sensing may use the information for a sensing operation.
  • the information may consist of 7 bits.
  • the sensing period may consist of multiple sensing bursts.
  • the information may include information on the number of bursts and the size of the bursts.
  • the information may be information on a bandwidth over which sensing measurement is performed.
  • the information may be composed of 3 bits to indicate 20, 40, 80, 160 and/or 320 MHz.
  • the AP may transmit a response frame to the request frame transmitted by the non-AP STA to the non-AP STA.
  • the response frame may include the following information.
  • the third-party STA may not perform channel access while the sensing operation is performed by setting the NAV.
  • the AP which has transmitted the sensing response frame (Sensing responder/response frame) to the initiator, determines whether sensing can be performed to sensing STAs having sensing capability identified through the negotiation/sensing request frame.
  • a sensing poll frame or a sensing trigger frame may be transmitted.
  • the sensing poll frame or sensing trigger frame may include one or more of the following information.
  • STA-ID ID for the sensing STA
  • the information on the sensing channel confirmation request may indicate whether transmission/reception of the sensing bandwidth is possible.
  • the information may be configured in units of 20 MHz. Also, the information may be configured in a bitmap.
  • the information on whether to request the sensing feedback may be information indicating whether transmission of the measurement feedback is required.
  • the information may include RU allocation information for transmission of a response frame.
  • sensing responder STAs that receive a sensing poll/polling frame from the AP may transmit a response frame to the AP.
  • the response frame may be sequentially transmitted to the AP at SIFS intervals.
  • the response frame may be transmitted after the SIFS interval after receiving the request frame using a bandwidth allocated from the AP or resource unit allocation (RU).
  • RU resource unit allocation
  • the AP can identify STAs participating in actual sensing measurement. After the SIFS has elapsed after receiving the response frame, the AP may transmit a trigger frame for performing sensing measurement.
  • the trigger frame transmitted by the AP may be used to request transmission of a null data packet (NDP) frame from a non-AP STA that is an initiator.
  • NDP null data packet
  • the trigger frame transmitted by the AP may include the following information.
  • LTFs long training fields
  • the information may be information that requests the initiator to transmit an NDP frame.
  • the trigger frame may be used to notify the sensing responders that transmission of the NDP frame is started.
  • the initiator receiving the trigger frame for transmitting the NDP frame from the AP may transmit the NDP frame for sensing measurement.
  • the NDP frame may be transmitted after SIFS has elapsed after receiving the trigger frame.
  • the AP may transmit a feedback request frame to responder STAs for channel measurement feedback.
  • the feedback request frame may be transmitted after SIFS has elapsed after transmission of the NDP frame.
  • the feedback request frame may include some or all of the following information.
  • the feedback type may include a channel quality indicator (CQI), a received signal strength indicator (RSSI), an angle, compressed, and the like.
  • CQI channel quality indicator
  • RSSI received signal strength indicator
  • the information may be information about the size of the information to be fed back.
  • the information may include information on an RU used when feedback of measurement information is performed.
  • the information may include information on the number of allocated SSs and a starting point of the allocated SSs.
  • MCS Modulation and coding scheme
  • the information may include MCS information used for feedback information.
  • the information may inform encoding information (BCC or LDPC) for feedback information.
  • the AP receiving feedback information from responder STAs may transmit channel measurement information received from other responders to the initiator.
  • the responder STAs may transmit feedback information at the same time using the allocated RU after SIFS has elapsed after receiving the feedback request frame.
  • responders may sequentially transmit feedback information to the AP at SIFS intervals.
  • the AP may transmit all feedback information to the initiator.
  • the AP may transmit all feedback information to the initiator after receiving the feedback request frame from the initiator.
  • TXOP for sensing feedback may be set separately.
  • a TXOP for each of a sensing request&response, sensing polling and NDP transmission, and a feedback procedure may be independently set.
  • a non-AP STA that is an initiator may have a role of a receiver.
  • 16 shows an example of a measurement sequence when a non-AP STA that is an initiator performs the role of a receiver.
  • an initiator that is a non-AP STA may transmit a sensing request frame to responder_1 that is an AP.
  • the AP receiving the request frame may transmit a response frame to the initiator after the SIFS elapses.
  • the request frame and response frame may include information proposed in rules 1 and 2 above.
  • the AP may transmit a sensing poll/polling frame after transmitting the response frame.
  • each frame may be configured as described in rules 3 and 4 above.
  • frame exchange between the AP and responder STAs may be performed.
  • the AP having identified an actual sensing responder participating in sensing through the response frame received from the responder STAs, sends a trigger frame to the responder STAs to request transmission of the NDP frame. can be sent to
  • the trigger frame for requesting transmission of the NDP frame may include the following information.
  • the information may include ID information for STAs transmitting the NDP frame.
  • the information may inform the LTF size or type (eg, 1x, 2x, 4x).
  • the information may include information on repetition of the LTF.
  • the information may inform the number of LTF symbols.
  • Nss Number of spatial streams
  • the information may inform Nss allocated per STA.
  • the information may inform the total Nss.
  • the information may include information on a bandwidth and RU/subchannel for transmission of an NDP frame.
  • the responder STA may transmit the NDP frame to the initiator.
  • the AP may also transmit an NDP frame to the initiator.
  • the NDP frame may be transmitted simultaneously. Alternatively, the NDP frame may be transmitted sequentially by responder STAs at SIFS intervals.
  • 17 is a flowchart for an example of a method performed by an initiating device in a wireless LAN system.
  • the initiating device transmits a sensing start frame to the AP (S1710).
  • the initiating device may be a non-AP station (STA) rather than an AP.
  • the sensing start frame may be the same as the sensing request frame of FIGS. 15 and/or 16 .
  • the initiating device receives a sensing response frame from the AP (S1720).
  • the initiating device performs one of a transmitter operation and a receiver operation based on the sensing role of the initiating device (S1730).
  • the procedures described based on FIG. 15 may be performed.
  • the initiating device may transmit a first NDP frame based on the initiating device serving as a transmitter.
  • the first NDP frame may be a frame transmitted based on a trigger frame received by the initiator from the AP.
  • the procedures described based on FIG. 16 may be performed.
  • the initiating device may receive a second NDP frame from one or more responding devices based on the initiating device performing a role of a receiver.
  • FIG. 18 is a flowchart for an example of a method performed by an AP in a WLAN system.
  • the AP receives a sensing start frame from the initiating device (S1810).
  • the initiating device may be a non-AP STA (non-AP STA).
  • the AP transmits a sensing response frame to the initiator in response to the initiation frame (S1820).
  • the AP transmits a sensing poll frame (S1830).
  • the AP receives a sensing poll response frame from one or more responding devices in response to the sensing poll frame (S1840).
  • the AP transmits a trigger frame to one of the initiating device and the one or more responding devices based on the role of the initiating device (S1850).
  • the role of the initiating device may be a transmitter or a receiver.
  • the AP may transmit the trigger frame to the initiating device.
  • the trigger frame may be a frame that triggers the transmission of the NDP frame of the initiator.
  • the AP may transmit a feedback request frame to the one or more responding devices.
  • the AP may receive a feedback response frame in response to the feedback request frame from the one or more response devices.
  • the feedback response frame may include sensing measurement information on the sensing measurement performed by the one or more response devices.
  • the AP may transmit a feedback frame including the sensing measurement information to the initiator based on the feedback response frame.
  • an example in which the role of the initiator is a receiver may be the same as that of FIG. 16 .
  • the AP may transmit the trigger frame to the one or more responding devices.
  • the trigger frame may be a frame that triggers the transmission of the NDP frame of the one or more response devices.
  • the NDP frame may be a frame transmitted to the initiator.
  • the initiating device may perform sensing measurement based on the NDP frame.
  • Machine learning refers to a field that defines various problems dealt with in the field of artificial intelligence and studies methodologies to solve them. do.
  • Machine learning is also defined as an algorithm that improves the performance of a certain task through continuous experience.
  • An artificial neural network is a model used in machine learning, and may refer to an overall model having problem-solving ability, which is composed of artificial neurons (nodes) that form a network by combining synapses.
  • An artificial neural network may be defined by a connection pattern between neurons of different layers, a learning process that updates model parameters, and an activation function that generates an output value.
  • the artificial neural network may include an input layer, an output layer, and optionally one or more hidden layers. Each layer includes one or more neurons, and the artificial neural network may include neurons and synapses connecting neurons. In the artificial neural network, each neuron may output a function value of an activation function for input signals, weights, and biases input through synapses.
  • Model parameters refer to parameters determined through learning, and include the weight of synaptic connections and the bias of neurons.
  • the hyperparameter refers to a parameter that must be set before learning in a machine learning algorithm, and includes a learning rate, the number of iterations, a mini-batch size, an initialization function, and the like.
  • the purpose of learning the artificial neural network can be seen as determining the model parameters that minimize the loss function.
  • the loss function may be used as an index for determining optimal model parameters in the learning process of the artificial neural network.
  • Machine learning can be classified into supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning according to a learning method.
  • Supervised learning refers to a method of training an artificial neural network in a state in which a label for the training data is given, and the label is the correct answer (or result value) that the artificial neural network should infer when the training data is input to the artificial neural network.
  • Unsupervised learning may refer to a method of training an artificial neural network in a state where no labels are given for training data.
  • Reinforcement learning can refer to a learning method in which an agent defined in an environment learns to select an action or sequence of actions that maximizes the cumulative reward in each state.
  • machine learning implemented as a deep neural network (DNN) including a plurality of hidden layers is also called deep learning, and deep learning is a part of machine learning.
  • DNN deep neural network
  • machine learning is used in a sense including deep learning.
  • a robot can mean a machine that automatically handles or operates a task given by its own capabilities.
  • a robot having a function of recognizing an environment and performing an operation by self-judgment may be referred to as an intelligent robot.
  • Robots can be classified into industrial, medical, home, military, etc. depending on the purpose or field of use.
  • the robot may be provided with a driving unit including an actuator or a motor to perform various physical operations such as moving the robot joints.
  • the movable robot includes a wheel, a brake, a propeller, and the like in the driving unit, and may travel on the ground or fly in the air through the driving unit.
  • the extended reality is a generic term for virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR).
  • VR technology provides only CG images of objects or backgrounds in the real world
  • AR technology provides virtual CG images on top of images of real objects
  • MR technology is a computer that mixes and combines virtual objects in the real world. graphic technology.
  • MR technology is similar to AR technology in that it shows both real and virtual objects. However, there is a difference in that in AR technology, a virtual object is used in a form that complements a real object, whereas in MR technology, a virtual object and a real object are used with equal characteristics.
  • HMD Head-Mount Display
  • HUD Head-Up Display
  • mobile phone tablet PC, laptop, desktop, TV, digital signage, etc.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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EP21911516.9A EP4270049A4 (en) 2020-12-23 2021-12-22 IMPROVED WIRELESS LAN ACQUISITION METHOD
JP2023538028A JP2024500889A (ja) 2020-12-23 2021-12-22 改善された無線ｌａｎセンシング手順
MX2023007252A MX2023007252A (es) 2020-12-23 2021-12-22 Procedimiento de detección de lan inalámbrica mejorado.
US18/377,691 US12114357B2 (en) 2020-12-23 2023-10-06 Wireless LAN sensing procedure

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