WO2022138963A1 - 成形用樹脂原料組成物、微多孔膜用樹脂原料組成物およびこれらの製造方法 - Google Patents
成形用樹脂原料組成物、微多孔膜用樹脂原料組成物およびこれらの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- SSDSCDGVMJFTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyl 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 SSDSCDGVMJFTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012766 organic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
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- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 description 1
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920005668 polycarbonate resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004431 polycarbonate resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002572 propoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052903 pyrophyllite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012748 slip agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003440 styrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a resin raw material composition for molding, a resin raw material composition for a microporous membrane, and a method for producing these.
- general-purpose plastics such as polyethylene, engineering plastics such as polyester, synthetic resins such as elastomers, especially polyolefin resins such as polyethylene and polypropylene have a good balance of molded product properties, molding processability, weather resistance, etc., and packaging films.
- Industrial films such as agriculture, blow molding of bottle containers, structural materials, injection molding applications of large containers, and the production of microporous films.
- pellets and powdered resin raw materials used for these purposes are generally molded by an extrusion molding method. These resin raw materials are used as a single resin or mixed with an inorganic filler other than the resin, a fiber material, or the like.
- a filler is mixed with the resin raw material to impart a function, a liquid raw material such as a plasticizer of mineral oil (mineral oil) such as liquid paraffin is added in liquid form, an antifogging agent such as glycerin ester, and an antistatic agent.
- additives such as are mixed.
- Patent Document 1 describes the extrusion molding of pellets
- Patent Document 2 describes the extrusion molding of powder.
- resin raw materials are generally sold in the form of pellets having a particle size of about 2 mm to 5 mm, but some are sold as powders having a particle size of about 50 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m.
- metal oxides of alumina, silica, zirconia, and titanium oxide, and fillers such as talc, boehmite, and kaolin are generally sold in the form of powder of about 10 nm to 500 ⁇ m.
- Patent Document 3 it is possible to produce a raw material obtained by pulverizing a film or a microporous film without melting into chips.
- Patent Document 2 also discloses a method for producing a separator for such a lithium ion secondary battery.
- a separator for a lithium ion secondary battery in which a plasticizer such as liquid paraffin is mixed with a resin powder such as polyethylene or polypropylene, extruded, stretched, and then the plasticizer is extracted with a solvent to make it porous.
- the general technique is to add a plasticizer such as mineral oil for softening to polyethylene, elastomer, or polypropylene pellets.
- an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene resin having a high molecular weight having a viscosity average molecular weight of more than 300,000 can be molded to obtain a molded product or a microporous film having extremely high strength, but on the other hand, since the molecular weight is high, the melt viscosity is extremely high and extrusion is performed. Since it is difficult to mold, it is not generally sold in the form of pellets, but in the form of polymerized powder. When this ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder is mixed with general polyethylene or polypropylene pellets to increase the strength, it is necessary to mix the pellets and the powder.
- pellets and powders are basically put into an extruder alone or by blending them in advance as needed, and this method is widely and generally used.
- ⁇ Problems of molding processability> In the production of a resin raw material composition for molding, a method of blending pellets and powder in a large amount in advance with a tumbler mixer, a Henschel mixer or the like is generally adopted. In this method, a large amount of processing can be performed, so that the production cost can be suppressed. At this time, the pellets and powder were first classified during transportation by piping or in the static hopper, and the composition distribution was liable to be uneven. The reason for this is that the powder is generally as small as several ⁇ m to several hundred ⁇ m compared to pellets with a particle size of several mm, so the pellet and powder are classified during piping transportation or in a static hopper, and the composition distribution tends to be uneven. rice field.
- the powder raw material is light, it easily flies in the air as dust, and in particular, it tends to deteriorate the working environment around the resin raw material supply port of the extruder (hereinafter, it may be referred to as "dust generation” or the like).
- an extrusion molding method in which a single or a plurality of resin raw materials are kneaded and put into an extruder is generally used.
- Extrusion molding is widely used in film molding, blow molding, fiber molding, injection molding and the like because a molded product can be easily obtained at low cost.
- classification occurs in a general dry blend due to the difference in size, and the distribution of each raw material component tends to be insufficient.
- the dispersion and mixing in the extruder become non-uniform, and the film thickness tends to fluctuate due to the fluctuation of the extrusion state.
- silica for opening the mouth of a bubble and an anti-blocking agent such as calcium carbonate are used.
- this method also requires kneading the pellets with silica, calcium carbonate, or the like in advance, which increases the production cost.
- a resin powder having a small particle size is generally used as a raw material in order to swell the resin with a plasticizer.
- pellet raw materials are used for various purposes.
- pellets have more types and distribution volumes than powders, so it is expected that pellets will be used more often in the future for the purpose of cost reduction and the like.
- master batches containing various functional master batches such as slip agents, antistatic agents, fillers and the like can be used together with pellets.
- the powder is generally as small as several ⁇ m to several hundred ⁇ m as compared with the pellet having a particle size of several mm, the pellet and the powder are classified during piping transportation or in a static hopper, and the composition distribution becomes uneven. It was easy to get out.
- a resin pellet of about 3 mm and an inorganic filler of about 5 ⁇ m or less are mixed in a weight ratio (resin pellet: inorganic filler) of about 8: 2 to form a hopper having a diameter of 500 mm, a height of 1000 mm, and an effective capacity of about 100 liters. When filled, the powder is gradually classified and settled during operation.
- the composition distribution is uneven due to classification as described above, the film thickness is likely to fluctuate due to the fluctuation of the extrusion state as described above. Therefore, the obtained extruded product such as a film and the obtained microporous film, for example, In separators and the like, fish eyes and unmelted gels tend to occur due to insufficient kneading, thickness unevenness in the film surface worsens, and strength unevenness tends to occur. Even if the uneven composition distribution is eliminated to the permissible range, the difference in the shape of the pellet and the powder, especially the difference in the particle size, causes a difference in the melting rate (time until melting) in the extruder, and the large pellet remains undissolved.
- any of the above methods has a problem of molding processability and / or a problem of product physical properties, and the conventional solution not only increases the manufacturing cost but also the difference in the size of the pellet and the powder, and the difference in the size of the pellet and the powder.
- the range of combinations of applicable components is narrow, and fine adjustment is required for each component.
- the present disclosure provides a molded product or a microporous film having good dispersibility, pipe transportability, and moldability, low dust generation and classification, and good physical properties, and is a resin raw material for molding.
- a composition, a resin raw material composition for a microporous film , and a method for producing the same are provided.
- the present inventors can solve the above-mentioned problems by using a resin raw material composition satisfying a specific requirement, and such a resin raw material composition. I found a manufacturing method.
- the resin raw material composition is a molding resin raw material composition.
- the liquid component is coated on at least a part of the surface of the resin pellet, and the resin pellet coated with the liquid component is a single grain or agglomerates of a plurality of grains, and the powder adheres to the liquid component.
- Containing granules Containing granules
- the ratio (PL / PW) of the mass% of the resin pellets to the mass% of the powder is 0.01 or more and 100 or less based on the total mass of the resin raw material composition, and the above is the above with respect to the mass% of the liquid component.
- the mass% ratio (PL / LQ) of the resin pellets is 1 or more and 199 or less.
- the resin raw material composition is a resin raw material composition for a microporous membrane.
- the liquid component is coated on at least a part of the surface of the resin pellet, and the resin pellet coated with the liquid component is a single grain or agglomerates of a plurality of grains, and the powder adheres to the liquid component.
- the ratio (PL / PW) of the mass% of the resin pellets to the mass% of the powder is 0.01 or more and 100 or less based on the total mass of the resin raw material composition, and the above is the above with respect to the mass% of the liquid component.
- the mass% ratio (PL / LQ) of the resin pellets is 1 or more and 199 or less.
- a resin raw material composition in which the number of granules containing 10 or more aggregates of the resin pellets is 20% or less based on the total number of granules.
- the number of granules containing a single grain of the resin pellets or agglomerates of 2 to 9 grains is 95% or more based on the total number of the granules, and the granules having a particle size of 10 mm or more are the resin raw materials.
- the resin raw material composition according to any one of items 1 to 3, which is 1% by mass or less based on the total mass of the composition.
- the number of granules containing a single grain of the resin pellet is 70% or more based on the total number of granules, and the maximum diameter of the granules containing a single grain of the resin pellet is equal to or larger than the particle size of the resin pellet.
- the number of granules containing a plurality of aggregates of the resin pellets is less than 30% based on the total number of granules, and When the resin raw material composition further contains granules composed of the powder and the liquid component that do not contain the resin pellets, the number of the granules that do not contain the resin pellets is 20% based on the total number of the granules.
- Item 6 The resin according to any one of items 1 to 7, wherein the resin pellet contains at least one selected from the group consisting of polyolefin, PET, polyamide, aramid, polyvinyl chloride, synthetic rubber, ABS, and PPE.
- Raw material composition [9] The resin raw material composition according to any one of items 1 to 8, wherein the powder comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, elastomer, PET, polyamide, aramid, and inorganic particles.
- the resin raw material composition is a molding resin raw material composition.
- a resin raw material composition comprising a bonding step of adding powder to the blender after the coating step, further kneading, and adhering the powder to the liquid component of the resin pellet coated with the liquid component.
- Production method [15] The method for producing a resin raw material composition according to item 14, wherein the torque rise time is 150 seconds or less.
- a method for producing a resin raw material composition is a resin raw material composition for a microporous membrane.
- a resin raw material composition comprising a bonding step of adding powder to the blender after the coating step, further kneading, and adhering the powder to the liquid component of the resin pellet coated with the liquid component.
- Production method [17] The method for producing a resin raw material composition according to item 16, wherein the torque rise time is 150 seconds or less.
- a mixed composition comprising the step of further mixing the resin pellet (PL) and / or the powder (PW) which is the same as or different from the resin pellet (PL) and the powder (PW) into the resin raw material composition. Production method.
- a product having excellent physical properties such as strength, optical property, and foreign matter can be obtained in molding processing, and is excellent in moldability and handleability, particularly when used for films and microporous membrane applications.
- a resin raw material composition for molding is provided.
- a microporous membrane having excellent physical properties can be obtained, and a resin raw material composition for a microporous membrane having excellent moldability and handleability is also provided. Therefore, the molding resin raw material composition of the present disclosure is particularly favorably used for molding films and microporous films.
- FIG. 1 is a photograph of granules of the resin raw material composition of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 2 is a photograph of granules of a conventional resin raw material composition.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the kneading time and the average torque (torque rise time) of the resin raw material composition of Example 1.1 and the resin raw material composition of Comparative Example 1.1.
- the resin raw material composition of the present disclosure contains pellets, powders, and liquid components (hereinafter, may be referred to as "PL”, “PW”, and “LQ", respectively).
- the resin raw material composition is a molding resin raw material composition or a microporous film resin raw material composition.
- the resin raw material composition contains a large number of granules, the granules having one pellet or an aggregate of a plurality of pellets, and the surface of all or a part of the pellets is coated with a liquid material, and further. It contains a granular material (hereinafter, may be referred to as “PWL” in the present specification) to which powder is attached to the liquid material.
- PWL granular material
- the granules having one (single grain) resin pellet are referred to as "PWL1", and the granules having agglomerates of a plurality of resin pellets are referred to as “PWL2" and “PWL3” based on the number of resin pellets. "... etc. may be described.
- Granules containing no resin pellets, consisting of powder and liquid components, and having a sieve diameter of 1 mm or more and 10 mm or less may be referred to as "PWL0".
- the “total number of granules” means the total number of granules having PWL0 and PWL1 or more.
- the resin raw material composition preferably contains pellets, powder and liquid components as main components.
- the "main component” here means that the total mass of the pellets, powder and liquid component is 50% by mass or more, preferably 70% by mass or more, based on the total mass of the resin raw material composition. It is preferably 90% by mass or more, and may be substantially 100% by mass.
- the resin raw material composition may also contain components such as other additives and modifiers as described later.
- the resin pellet (PL) As the resin pellet (PL), a commercially available resin pellet that is generally used may be used.
- the resin in the resin pellets can be any resin, for example, polyolefin, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyamide, aramid, polyvinyl chloride, synthetic rubber, acrylonitrile-butadiene. -Selected from styrene copolymer resin (ABS), polyphenylene benzobisoxazole (PPE) and the like.
- ABS styrene copolymer resin
- PPE polyphenylene benzobisoxazole
- the material of the resin pellet is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of polyolefin, PET, polyamide, aramid, polyvinyl chloride, synthetic rubber, ABS, and PPE.
- the resin pellets preferably contain polyolefin as a main component.
- the "main component” means 50% by mass or more with respect to the total mass of the resin pellets, preferably 70% by mass or more, more preferably 90% by mass or more, and substantially 100% by mass. There may be.
- the polyolefin include polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), and olefin-based elastomers.
- the polypropylene is not particularly limited, and is, for example, a homopolymer of propylene such as isotactic polypropylene (IPP), syndiotactic polypropylene, and atactic polypropylene; propylene, ethylene, butene, and having 5 or more carbon atoms.
- examples thereof include a random copolymer (RPP) obtained by copolymerizing with a comonomer such as ⁇ -olefin, a block copolymer (BPP), and a tarpolymer. These may be alone or in admixture.
- the viscosity average molecular weight (Mv) of the resin of the resin pellets melt-kneading becomes easy, and as a result, fisheye-like defects tend to be improved when the resin raw material composition is made into a film or a microporous film. It is preferably 1 million or less, more preferably 700,000 or less, and further preferably 600,000 or less. From the viewpoint of strength, the resin pellet has a viscosity average molecular weight of 100,000 or more, more preferably 200,000 or more.
- the viscosity average molecular weight (Mv) of polypropylene is preferably 1 million or less, more preferably 700,000 or less, still more preferably 600,000 or less, preferably 100,000 or more. More preferably, it is 200,000 or more.
- fisheye is a film-shaped or sheet-shaped molded product as defined in "Polymer Dictionary", Taiseisha, 2000, Reprint 6th Edition, 337 pages, etc. by the Polymer Editorial Committee. Or, it refers to a small spherical mass formed in a microporous film, and is given such a name because many of them show transparency like the eyes of a fish. Fish eyes are distinguished from their formation factors, such as unmelted lumps caused by insufficient kneading of the molding material, lumps in which a part of the raw material is gelled, lumps due to partial deterioration of the material during molding, and foreign substances as nuclei. And so on.
- the fish eye is derived from the material of the resin raw material composition used as the raw material of the molded product, and the one having a foreign substance as a core is excluded.
- the foreign matter include cellulose, dust, metal pieces, carbides of resin, different types of plastics, lint, and pieces of paper.
- polypropylene whose stereoregularity is controlled by using a metallocene catalyst or the like, or a resin obtained by blending BPP and RPP in an amount of 0.5 to 30% by mass with respect to IPP is also preferable.
- a resin obtained by blending BPP and RPP in an amount of 0.5 to 30% by mass with respect to IPP is also preferable.
- the resin of the resin pellet may be a mixture of polyethylene and polypropylene.
- polyethylene include high-density polyethylene, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, high-pressure low-density polyethylene, and a mixture thereof.
- polyethylene having a narrow molecular weight distribution using a metallocene catalyst, high-density polyethylene, or polyethylene obtained by multistage polymerization may be used.
- the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene referred to here refers to polyethylene having a viscosity average molecular weight of 500,000 or more.
- the ratio of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene to the total polyethylene is preferably 5 to 50% by mass, and more preferably 9 to 40% by mass from the viewpoint of dispersibility.
- ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is generally used in the form of powder, and in that case, it is classified as "powder".
- Polyethylene preferably contains a polyethylene component having a molecular weight of less than 10,000.
- the polyethylene component having a molecular weight of less than 10,000 here is a portion having a molecular weight of less than 10,000 in the chart of the molecular weight distribution measured by the gel permeation chromatography (GPC) method, and the ratio is based on the area ratio on the chart. Can be asked.
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- the polymerization conditions may be set so as to contain a large amount of low molecular weight components at the time of polymerization of polyethylene, or ordinary polyethylene may be weight-averaged. It may be produced by mixing polyethylene components having a molecular weight of less than 10,000.
- the content of the polyethylene component having a molecular weight of less than 10,000 is preferably 5% by mass or more with respect to the total amount of polyethylene, and if it is within this range, friction is reduced during film formation of a film or a microporous film, and production is performed.
- the sex tends to improve. More preferably, it is 10% by mass or more, and if it is within this range, the take-up processability tends to be improved in the secondary processing step of these films and microporous films. Further, when it is 20% by mass or more, higher speed processing becomes possible and productivity tends to be improved.
- the resin of the resin pellet may contain a polybutene-1 resin, a propylene-based elastomer, an ethylene-based elastomer, and particularly a random copolymer elastomer of propylene and ethylene for the purpose of improving film forming properties. good. It is also possible to use a polymethylpentene-1 resin, and one having a melt flow rate (MFR) of 0.01 to 30 g / 10 minutes is preferably used. Particularly preferably, it is in the range of 0.1 to 5 g / 10 minutes.
- MFR melt flow rate
- the resin of the resin pellets includes engineering plastic resins such as polyphenylene ether, polyamide resins such as nylon 6, nylon 6-12 and aramid resins, polyimide resins, polyester resins such as PET and PBT, and polycarbonate resins.
- Engineering plastic resins such as polyphenylene ether, polyamide resins such as nylon 6, nylon 6-12 and aramid resins, polyimide resins, polyester resins such as PET and PBT, and polycarbonate resins.
- Fluorine-based resin such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), copolymer of ethylene and vinyl alcohol, copolymer of ⁇ -olefin and carbon monoxide of C2-C12 and its hydrogenated product, hydrogenated styrene-based polymer.
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- the particle size of the resin pellet is preferably in the range of about 1 mm to 10 mm, more preferably 2 mm to 6 mm, and further preferably 3 mm to 5 mm from the viewpoint of extrusion moldability.
- the method for producing pellets is not limited, but in the case of high-density polyethylene, for example, polyethylene powder having a particle size of several tens to several hundreds of ⁇ m polymerized by a low-pressure method is melt-kneaded with an extruder heated to about 200 ° C. It is cut into a size of about 1 mm to 5 mm in particle size by strand cutting or underwater cutting. Pellets made by crimping and cutting a film once formed by the method shown in Patent Document 4 can also be used.
- the ratio of the resin pellets to the total mass of the resin raw material composition is preferably 5% by mass to 98% by mass, and more preferably 30% by mass to 98% by mass.
- the powder (PW) means fine particles having a particle size of several nm to several hundred ⁇ m.
- the proportion of the powder in the total mass of the resin raw material composition is preferably 5% by mass to 90% by mass, and more preferably 8% by mass to 50% by mass.
- the powder is preferably resin particles, inorganic particles and the like, but may be crushed fibers, naturally derived powder such as wood chips, metal fine particles and the like.
- the resin particles for example, the resin mentioned as the above-mentioned resin pellet can be used. Since the type and molecular weight of the resin are as described in the column of resin pellets, the description is omitted here.
- the method for producing the resin particles include pulverizing the polymerized resin and its pellets.
- the resin particles include powders such as polyethylene, polypropylene, elastomer, PET, polyamide and aramid among the resins listed as resin pellets.
- the resin particles preferably contain polyolefin as a main component.
- the "main component” means 50% by mass or more with respect to the total mass of the resin pellets, preferably 70% by mass or more, more preferably 90% by mass or more, and substantially 100% by mass. There may be.
- the polyolefin include polyethylene, polypropylene, and olefin-based elastomers, and more preferably polyethylene.
- the viscosity average molecular weight (Mv) of the resin particles is preferably 200,000 or more, more preferably 300,000 or more, from the viewpoint of improving the strength of the film or the microporous film.
- the upper limit of the viscosity average molecular weight (Mv) is preferably 10 million or less, more preferably 5 million or less, from the viewpoint of extrusion moldability and stretchability.
- the viscosity average molecular weight (Mv) of the polyethylene powder (in the case of using a plurality of types of polyethylene, the overall viscosity average molecular weight) is preferably 200,000 or more from the viewpoint of improving the strength of the film or the microporous film. , More preferably 300,000 or more.
- the upper limit of the viscosity average molecular weight (Mv) is preferably 10 million or less, more preferably 5 million or less, from the viewpoint of extrusion moldability and stretchability.
- the molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) of the polyethylene powder improves the kneading property when the inorganic filler and the like are mixed and kneaded, and from the viewpoint of suppressing the occurrence of granular defects in which the inorganic filler is secondarily aggregated. , It is preferably 5 or more, and more preferably 8 or more.
- ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder may be used from the viewpoint of reducing heat shrinkage when forming a film or a microporous film.
- the diameter of the resin particles is smaller than the size of the pellets, and the average diameter is preferably 300 ⁇ m or less. When it is 300 ⁇ m or less, in the case of a polymerized powder, the reaction time is shortened during the production thereof, and the productivity is excellent.
- the diameter of the resin particles is preferably 200 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 100 ⁇ m or less.
- the lower limit is not particularly limited, but is appropriately prepared from the viewpoint of dust explosion in air transportation during molding, and may be, for example, 10 ⁇ m or more, 50 ⁇ m or more, or 100 ⁇ m or more.
- the ratio of the resin particles to the total mass of the resin raw material composition is preferably 5% by mass to 90% by mass, and more preferably 10% by mass to 50% by mass.
- the inorganic particles include oxide-based ceramics such as alumina (for example, ⁇ -alumina, etc.), silica, titania, zirconia (including ittoria-modified zirconia), magnesia, ceria, ittria, zinc oxide, iron oxide, etc .; silicon nitride.
- oxide-based ceramics such as alumina (for example, ⁇ -alumina, etc.), silica, titania, zirconia (including ittoria-modified zirconia), magnesia, ceria, ittria, zinc oxide, iron oxide, etc .; silicon nitride.
- the inorganic particles at least one selected from the group consisting of silica, alumina, zeolite, kaolin, talc, zirconia and titania is preferable.
- the proportion of the inorganic particles in the total mass of the resin raw material composition is preferably 3% by mass to 90% by mass, and more preferably 5% by mass to 55% by mass.
- the particle size of the inorganic particles is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 10 nm or more and 50 ⁇ m or less. Further, various particle sizes can be used depending on the purpose. For example, when hydrophobic inorganic particles are used in order to improve the wettability with an organic solvent, those having a relatively small average particle size, for example, 5 nm to 1 ⁇ m, are preferable in order to improve the dispersibility in the resin and the surface area. May be 5 nm to 100 nm.
- inorganic particles having an average particle diameter of 1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m when used, the strength of the film or the microporous film tends to be improved, and further, inorganic particles having an average particle diameter of 1.5 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m can be obtained. When used, the uneven thickness at the time of film formation tends to be improved.
- the bulk specific gravity (bulk density) of the inorganic particles is about 0.05 g / cm 3 to 10 g / cm 3 , preferably 0.1 to 5 g / cm 3 .
- the liquid component (LQ) is not particularly limited as long as it is liquid and can suppress dust generation, and is preferably a lubricating oil or a mineral oil used as a plasticizer in the production of a molded product or a microporous film.
- Phthalate esters such as dioctyl phthalate (DOP) and dibutyl phthalate (DBP), liquid paraffin, other plasticizers, softeners, antifogging agents, etc. that contribute to the performance development of products obtained by extrusion molding. May be.
- the liquid component (LQ) is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of lubricating oils, mineral oils and liquid paraffins.
- the plasticizer such as liquid paraffin is removed from the final product. Due to the action of this liquid component, a powder that is generally easy to classify as pellets and has a characteristic of flying up as dust in a work place, for example, a nanofiller having a particle size of about 5 nm to 50 nm can be satisfactorily used.
- the viscosity of the liquid component is not particularly limited, and when a relatively large resin powder having a particle size of 100 ⁇ m or more is used, the viscosity is preferably relatively high, and the kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. is preferable. It is desirable that JIS K 2283) is 50 mm 2 / S or more, more preferably 60 mm 2 / S or more. If the viscosity is high, the adhesion to the pellets is good, and it is difficult for the pellets and powder to separate during transportation.
- the ratio of the liquid component to the total mass of the resin raw material composition is preferably 0.1% by mass to 30% by mass, and more preferably 2% by mass to 7% by mass.
- ⁇ Granular body> In the granular material, at least a part of the surface of the resin pellet is coated with a liquid component, and the resin pellet coated with the liquid component is in the state of a single grain or agglomerates of a plurality of grains, and powder adheres to the liquid component. Is formed.
- the number of granules (PWL10 or more) containing 10 or more aggregates of the resin pellets is 20% or less based on the total number of granules. Since the number of PWL10 or more is small, it is possible to provide a resin raw material composition having less classification and excellent dispersibility, pipe transportability, moldability, and various physical characteristics obtained.
- the weight mixing ratio of PL, LQ, and PW is appropriate.
- the ratio (PL / PW) of the mass% of the resin pellets to the mass% of the powder is preferably an upper limit of about 99.01 / 0.99 to a lower limit of 1/99 (0.01 to 100), more preferably.
- the upper limit is 99/1 to the lower limit 1/99 (0.01 to 99), more preferably the upper limit 95/5 to the lower limit 10/90 (0.11 to 19), and even more preferably the upper limit 95/5 to the lower limit 50.
- the PL / PW is preferably 2 or more and 100 or less. In the range exceeding the upper limit, the adhesiveness of the resin raw material composition increases, and it tends to be difficult to transport by piping. If the value is less than the lower limit, the pellets and the powder are not sufficiently adhered to each other, and classification is likely to occur, and dust tends to be generated by the powder.
- the ratio (PL / LQ) of the mass% of the resin pellet to the mass% of the liquid component is an upper limit of 99.5 / 0.5 to a lower limit of 50/50 (1 to 199), preferably an upper limit of 99/1. ⁇ Lower limit 50/50 (1 to 99), more preferably upper limit 99/1 to lower limit 70/30 (2.3 to 99), still more preferably upper limit 98/2 to lower limit 70/30 (2.3 to 49). ), More preferably the upper limit is 97/3 to the lower limit of 80/20 (4 to 32.3). Within this range, the dispersibility is stable. If the upper limit is exceeded, PL is less likely to be covered with LQ, and dust and classification are likely to occur. If it is less than the lower limit, the LQ becomes excessive and stickiness occurs, and the pipe transportability tends to deteriorate.
- the ratio (PW / LQ) of the mass% of the powder to the mass% of the liquid component is preferably in the range of the upper limit 99/1 to the lower limit 20/80 (0.25 to 99), and more preferably the upper limit 95/5 to.
- the lower limit is 30/70 (0.43 to 19), more preferably the upper limit is 90/10 to the lower limit of 40/60 (0.67 to 9).
- the maximum diameter of the granular material (PWL1) containing a single grain of the resin pellet is preferably larger than the particle size of the resin pellet, more preferably larger than the particle size of the resin pellet, and preferably the particle size of the resin pellet.
- the particle size of the resin pellet is +5 mm or less, more preferably the particle size of the resin pellet is +4 mm or less, further preferably the particle size of the resin pellet is +3 mm or less, further preferably the particle size of the resin pellet is +2 mm or less, and further preferably the particle size of the resin pellet is +1 mm or less. ..
- the resin raw material composition preferably contains a granular material in which powder is adhered to the liquid component of the resin pellet coated with the liquid component as the main component.
- the "main component” here means that the above-mentioned granular material is 50% by mass or more with respect to the total mass of the resin raw material composition, preferably 70% by mass or more, and more preferably 90% by mass. As mentioned above, it may be substantially 100% by mass.
- the number of single granules (PWL1) and 2 to 9 granules (PWL2 to 9) is preferably 95 based on the total number of granules. % Or more; and the granular material having a particle size of 10 mm or more is preferably 1% by mass or less based on the total mass of the resin raw material composition.
- the number of granules containing a plurality of resin pellets is preferably less than 30%, more preferably less than 20% based on the total number of granules; and the resin raw material composition comprises resin pellets.
- the number of PWL0 is preferably less than 20%, more preferably less than 10% based on the total number of granular materials.
- PWL0 means a sieve diameter of 1 mm or more and 10 mm or less. If there are many lumps having a size of less than 1 mm or more than 10 mm, the dispersed state deteriorates.
- the number of granules (PWL10 or more) containing 10 or more resin pellets is 20% or less, preferably 1% or less, more preferably substantially, based on the total number of granules. do not have.
- the number of PWL1 is 70% or more based on the total number of granules, and the maximum diameter of the granules (PWL1) containing a single grain of the resin pellet is equal to or larger than the particle size of the resin pellet and the particle size of the resin pellet. It is particularly preferable that it is +5 mm or less.
- the bulk density of the resin raw material composition is greatly affected by its specific gravity, especially when an inorganic filler is used, but it is preferably 0.1 g / cm 3 to 2 g / cm 3 and more preferably used as a general raw material. Is 0.3 g / cm 3 to 1.5 g / cm 3 , more preferably 0.5 g / cm 3 to 1.2 g / cm 3 .
- the variation in bulk density is preferably 10% or less, more preferably 5% or less, still more preferably 3% or less.
- the resin raw material composition preferably has an angle of repose of 30 ° or more and 55 ° or less. When the angle of repose is within the above range, it can be satisfactorily used in a general extrusion molding apparatus raw material hopper or supply feeder.
- the resin raw material composition preferably has a torque rise time of 150 seconds or less by a plast mill kneader (manufactured by Toyo Seiki Co., Ltd.).
- the "torque rise time” means the time from the start of kneading until the torque of the plast mill kneader rises and eventually reaches its peak.
- the short torque rise time means that the resin pellets and the liquid component were sufficiently kneaded in the step (a), and the liquid component could be substantially uniformly adhered to almost the entire surface of the resin pellet. As a result, it is easy to obtain a stable structure as PWL1 in which the maximum diameter of PWL1 is the particle size of the resin pellet + 5 mm or less.
- resin raw material compositions include resin components other than these forms, inorganic fillers, antioxidants, dispersion aids, and antistatic agents for the purpose of modification and cost reduction. It may contain an agent, a processing stabilizer, an additive such as a crystal nucleating agent, an additive such as an organic filler, and the like.
- the proportion of each of these components in the resin raw material composition is preferably 5% by mass or less, more preferably 2% by mass or less, and may be substantially 0% by mass.
- Antioxidants include, for example, phenolic antioxidants such as “Irganox 1010”, “Irganox 1076", and “BHT” (all trademarked by Cibas Specialty Chemicals); phosphorus-based and sulfur-based. Examples thereof include secondary antioxidants; and hinderedamine-based weather resistant agents, which may be used alone or in combination depending on the purpose. In particular, a combination of a phenol-based antioxidant and a phosphorus-based antioxidant is preferably used.
- pentaerythrityl-tetrakis [3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] and octadecyl-3- (3,5-di-t-butylhydroxyphenyl) propionate.
- 1,3,5-trimethyl-2,4,6-tris (3,5-di-t-butylhydroxybenzyl) benzene, tris (2,4-di-t-butylphenyl) phosphite, tetrakis (2) , 4-Di-t-butylphenyl) -4,4'-biphenylene phosphite and the like are preferable.
- the blending amount of the antioxidant is preferably 100 ppm to 10000 ppm with respect to the total mass of the resin pellets of the resin raw material composition.
- the mass ratio of the phenol-based / phosphorus-based agent is preferably 1/3 to 3/1.
- the resin raw material composition When the resin raw material composition is used for molding a microporous film, particularly when the microporous film is produced by extrusion molding, the resin raw material composition contains polypropylene resin pellets as resin pellets and exhibits the crystallinity of the polypropylene. It is preferable to include a crystal nucleating agent for the purpose of controlling and controlling the formation of microporous.
- the type of crystal nucleating agent is not particularly limited, but is general benzyl sorbitol type (“Gelol” (trademark: manufactured by Shin Nihon Rika Co., Ltd.)), metal phosphate, carboxylic acid metal salt such as t-butyl benzoate aluminum, etc. Can be mentioned.
- the amount of the crystal nucleating agent to be blended depends on the desired crystallization conditions, but is preferably 100 ppm or more with respect to the amount of polypropylene, and is excessive, from the viewpoint of rapid crystallization and easy moldability. From the viewpoint of preventing excessive bleeding due to the crystal nucleating agent, the amount is preferably 10,000 ppm or less.
- a more preferable blending amount of the crystal nucleating agent is 100 ppm to 2,000 ppm with respect to polypropylene.
- the microporous film using polyethylene tends to exhibit permeability, but polypropylene is polyethylene.
- the pores are smaller than those of the above, and the permeability tends to be inferior.
- a method of adjusting the pores to an appropriate size is effective. For example, the phase separation rate is adjusted by using a crystal nucleating agent, and an appropriate pore structure can be easily formed. ..
- a dispersant aid for polypropylene and polyethylene for example, a hydrogenated styrene-butadiene-based elastomer, an elastomer obtained by copolymerizing ethylene and propylene, and the like can be used as needed.
- the blending amount of these dispersion aids is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of polypropylene and polyethylene.
- the antistatic agent examples include amines such as alkyldiethanolamine and hydroxyalkylethanolamine, amine esters such as stearyldiethanolamine monofatty acid esters, alkiloamides such as lauric acid diethanolamide and stearic acid diethanolamide, and glycerin and diglycerin. Examples thereof include monofatty acid esters, anionic antistatic agents such as alkylbenzene sulfonic acid, and polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, which may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the blending amount of the antistatic agent is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 500 to 10000 ppm with respect to the total mass of the resin pellets of the resin raw material composition.
- the resin raw material composition of the present disclosure is a resin raw material composition for a microporous film
- the resin raw material composition for a microporous film may be used by itself for molding a microporous film, or may be used alone for molding a microporous film, or pellets (PL). And / or may be used for molding a microporous membrane as a mixed composition blended with powder (PW). That is, a desired mixed composition can be produced by using the resin raw material composition for a microporous membrane of the present disclosure as a masterbatch.
- the PL and / or PW to be additionally blended may be the same material as the PL and PW contained in the resin raw material composition for a microporous membrane, or may be different materials.
- polypropylene pellets are used as PL
- polyethylene powder is used as PW
- mineral oil is used as LQ.
- a mixed composition may be obtained by further adding and blending a polyethylene powder (raw material B) that is the same as or different from the polyethylene powder used in the raw material A.
- raw material B polyethylene powder
- the desired composition can be adjusted by a simple method called the dry blend method, so that the productivity can be extremely improved.
- the method for producing a resin raw material composition of the present disclosure includes the following steps (a) and (b) when the resin raw material composition is a molding resin raw material composition.
- each component may be added at once or divided into several times. Further, in this step (a) and / or (b), additives other than the above-mentioned components may be added.
- the addition of pellets and powder may be appropriately added not only in (a) but also in (b).
- a blender such as a tumbler mixer or a Henschel mixer is preferably used as the blender in the steps (a) and (b). These can be used at room temperature.
- a tumbler mixer is used in the step (b)
- a large amount of powder or pellets adhere to the inside of the blender due to the liquid component after blending, but the raw material in the central portion to which the liquid component does not adhere may be used as it is, or the deposits may be used.
- the method for producing the resin raw material composition for a microporous membrane is large after any of the steps (a) and (b), preferably after the step (b), using a sieve having an opening diameter of about 10 mm. A lump of particle size may be removed.
- the method for producing a resin raw material composition of the present disclosure includes the following steps (a') and (b') when the resin raw material composition is a resin raw material composition for a microporous membrane.
- Step (a') A coating step of mixing the resin pellet and the liquid component with a blender to coat at least a part of the surface of the resin pellet with the liquid component.
- Step (b') After the coating step, the powder is put into a blender, further mixed, and the powder is attached to the liquid component of the resin pellet coated with the liquid component.
- each component may be added at once or divided into several times.
- additives other than the above components may be added.
- the pellets and powder may be added not only in (a') but also in (b') as appropriate.
- a blender such as a tumbler mixer or a Henschel mixer is preferably used as the blender in the steps (a') and (b'). These can be used at room temperature.
- a tumbler mixer is used in the step (b')
- a large amount of powder or pellets adhere to the inside of the blender due to the liquid component after blending, but the raw material in the central part where it does not adhere may be used as it is, or attached.
- the kimono may be scraped off with a spatula or the like, and further blending may be continued and mixed with the raw material in the central portion.
- the method for producing the resin raw material composition for a microporous membrane is a sieve having an opening diameter of about 10 mm after any of the steps (a') and (b'), preferably after the step (b'). May remove lumps having a large particle size.
- the weight mixing ratio of PL, LQ, and PW is appropriate in order to obtain a stable PWL1 having a maximum diameter of the particle size of the resin pellet + 5 mm or less. Since the weight mixing ratio is described in the column of "granular body", the description is omitted here.
- the obtained resin raw material composition preferably has a torque rise time of 150 seconds or less by a plast mill. Since the details of the torque rise time have been described above, the description thereof will be omitted here.
- step (a) the resin pellets and the liquid component are put into a blender and kneaded.
- step (b) powder is added to the blender and further stirred. Separate blenders may be used in step (a) and step (b), or powder is added to the same blender containing the resin pellets coated with the liquid component produced in step (a) and step (b). ) May be performed.
- the powder adheres to the liquid component on the surface of the resin pellet, and the resin raw material composition of the present disclosure can be obtained.
- the obtained granular material of the resin raw material composition preferably has a maximum diameter of PWL1 of the particle size of the resin pellet + 5 mm or less, and has a stable structure as PWL1.
- the resin raw material composition is charged into an arbitrary molding device, for example, a hopper of an extruder.
- the resin raw material composition of the present disclosure is excellent in handleability and low dust property because it is less likely to be classified by a hopper and less dust is generated.
- the pellet and the powder are integrated, it is difficult for the two to be classified.
- each material is quickly and uniformly dispersed and melted. Therefore, the resin raw material composition of the present disclosure is also excellent in moldability.
- step (a) a case where a commercially available polyethylene pellet (PL1) is blended with a commercially available blocking inhibitor (PW1) as a powder and a mineral oil (LQ1) is kneaded as a liquid component will be described.
- step (a) first, 20 kg of PL1 is weighed, LQ1 is added thereto, and the mixture is stirred with an 80 liter tumbler mixer for 10 minutes. As a result, the surface of PL1 is appropriately moistened with LQ1.
- the resin raw material composition thus produced may be sieved with an opening of about 10 mm to remove large particles.
- FIG. 1 is an example of a granular material of the resin raw material composition (10) of the present disclosure.
- a granule having only one pellet PWL1 grain
- the resin raw material composition may also contain granules having a plurality of pellets of PWL2 to 10, but the amount is relatively small.
- granules consisting only of powder and liquid components and dust of powder are hardly confirmed or substantially not contained. As a result, it is excellent in handleability, low dust generation and moldability.
- the liquid component integrates a plurality of resin pellets and a large amount of powder.
- the obtained resin raw material composition for a microporous membrane contains large granules formed by a liquid component and powder, and large granules formed by a large amount of powder gathering around the resin pellets. This is because the liquid component adheres to the powdery part or the wall of the blender before the liquid component adheres uniformly to the surface of the resin pellet, and a large mass of powder grows on the wall of the blender. It is presumed that it is formed by collapsing.
- FIG. 2 is an example of a granular material of the conventional resin raw material composition (30) produced by the above dry blending method.
- classification is likely to occur due to the difference in size between the resin pellets and the dust of the powder, and that the dust generation is high because the dust of the powder is abundant.
- step (c') It is also possible to further blend the powder and / or pellet with the resin raw material composition for microporous membrane of the present disclosure produced in the steps (a') and (b') and use it as a mixed composition (.
- a step (c') can be performed using a general blender such as a Henschel mixer or a tumbler mixer.
- step (c') powder and / or pellets may be added to the blender used in step (b') following step (b'), or is different from step (b').
- a blender can also be used.
- ⁇ Measurement and evaluation method >> ⁇ Contents (% by mass) of PL, PW and LQ in the resin raw material composition, and a ratio of PWL> It was measured by the following procedure. 1. 1. The number of PWL0, PWL1, PWL2 and PWL10 or more, and the ratio of PWL1 to 9 5 g of the resin raw material composition was sampled in a container (about 250 to 500 grains). The number of PWL0, 1, 2, and 10 or more was counted, and the ratio (number%) of each was calculated. Moreover, the total weight of PWL1 to 9 was measured, and the ratio (mass%) to the total weight (5 g) was measured. 2. 2.
- Measurement of the proportion (mass%) of particles having a particle size of 10 mm or more 50 g of the resin raw material composition was sampled (about 2500 to 5000 particles) in a container, and this was classified by sieving with a mesh opening of 10 mm. The weight of the particles having a particle size of 10 mm or more was measured, and the ratio (mass%) to the total weight (50 g) was measured.
- ⁇ Particle size The particle size of all the powders, pellets and granules having a size of about 0.05 mm (50 ⁇ m) or more was measured with a KEYENCE microvideoscope, and those smaller than that were measured with a scanning electron microscope. The diameter (maximum diameter) of the circle circumscribing the particles to be measured was taken as the particle diameter, 100 particles were randomly selected, and the average thereof was calculated.
- the time required for the kneading torque of the plast mill to rise and eventually reach its peak was measured.
- This measuring method is an index of ease of kneading (dispersity) in an actual extruder.
- the resin raw material In general extrusion molding, it is necessary for the resin raw material to start melting in a short time in the extruder and to increase the screw torque. If this torque rises slowly, the kneading capacity of the extruder will not be fully exerted, resulting in poor dispersion.
- the dispersibility was evaluated based on the torque rise time according to the following criteria. A 150 seconds or less B 150 seconds or more and 200 seconds or less C 200 seconds or more and 300 seconds or less D 300 seconds or less
- the bulk density ratio (first bulk density / second bulk density) was used as the variation in bulk density. It was evaluated as follows. A The bulk density ratio is within the range of 0.95 or more and 1.05 or less. B The bulk density ratio is in the range of more than 0.90 and less than 0.95, or more than 1.05 and less than 1.10. C The bulk density ratio is less than 0.90 or more than 1.10.
- ⁇ Classification> 200 g of the resin raw material composition according to the present disclosure was sampled and randomly placed in a cylindrical polyethylene sample bottle having an outer diameter of 79 mm and a capacity of 500 cc. This was shaken for 5 minutes with a commercially available small shaker (KENIS mini shaker 3D 33180556, shaking width of about 7 degrees, shaking number of 30 rpm). After that, 10 g of each resin raw material composition was collected from the upper part of the bottle (range of about 1/10 in height) and the bottom of the bottle (range of about 1/10 in height), and the number of pellet grains in the bottle was collected. Was counted, and the number ratio (top / bottom) was measured. In this case, the number ratio of those having good classification is close to 1.0.
- a The number ratio is 0.9 or more and less than 1.1.
- B The number ratio is 0.85 or more, less than 0.9, or more than 1.1, and within the range of 1.15 or less.
- C The number ratio is less than 0.85 or more than 1.15.
- the ratio of bulk density before and after transportation (before / after transportation) was measured in the same manner as the above-mentioned measuring method of ⁇ bulk density>.
- a The bulk density ratio is within the range of 0.95 or more and 1.05 or less.
- B The bulk density ratio is in the range of more than 0.90 and less than 0.95, or more than 1.05 and less than 1.10.
- C Bulk density ratio is less than 0.90 or more than 1.10.
- the resin raw material composition for molding is put into a twin-screw extruder having a shaft diameter of 30 mm and an L / D35, kneaded at a predetermined temperature (230 ° C.), extruded with a 300 mm T-die, cooled with a cast roll, and thickened.
- An unstretched raw material having a diameter of 1 mm was obtained.
- This raw fabric was cut into 8 mm ⁇ 8 mm and stretched 4 times ⁇ 4 times with a batch type biaxial stretching machine to form a film.
- the stretched film was cut into 20 cm ⁇ 20 cm, and fish eyes having a diameter of 0.5 mm or more were counted.
- the evaluation was converted into a value per 10 g of film.
- a Number of fish eyes is 5 / 10g or less
- B Number of fish eyes is 6 to 20 / 10g C
- This raw fabric was cut into 8 mm ⁇ 8 mm and stretched 7 times ⁇ 7 times with a batch type biaxial stretching machine to form a film. Further, this stretched film was dipped in an excess amount of dichloromethane and dried to extract and remove the plasticizer to obtain a microporous film.
- the obtained microporous membrane was cut into 20 cm ⁇ 20 cm, and fish eyes having a diameter of 0.5 mm or more were counted.
- the evaluation was converted into a value per 10 g of microporous membrane. A Number of fish eyes is 5 / 10g or less B Number of fish eyes is 6 to 20 / 10g C The number of fish eyes exceeds 20 / 10g.
- ⁇ Porosity (%) of microporous membrane From the mass of the sample of the microporous membrane of 100 mm square, the tint W (g / cm 2 ) and the average density ⁇ (g / cm 3 ) of the components (resin and additive) constituting the microporous membrane are calculated, and the microporous membrane is calculated. It was calculated by the following formula from the thickness d (cm) of.
- Porosity (W / (d ⁇ ⁇ )) ⁇ 100 (%)
- the ratio of the porosity of each layer (the porosity of the A layer / the porosity of the B layer)
- a resin raw material composition for molding was prepared by the following steps.
- a predetermined amount of pellets were put into an 80-liter tumbler mixer, and the liquid component was put from above. When the liquid component was put into the mixer wall, it was put into the center so as not to adhere to the mixer wall. Then, the mixture was stirred for 10 minutes.
- the PL / PW / LQ was added at the composition ratios shown in Tables 4 and 5 so that the total amount was 20 kg.
- the solid line in FIG. 3 shows the torque rise time in Example 1.1. It can be seen that the average torque reaches the peak about 100 seconds after the raw material is dropped (start of kneading), and the dispersibility is better than that of Comparative Example 1.1 (about 180 seconds).
- Comparative Examples 1.1 to 1.5 In Comparative Example 1.1, the powder and pellets had the same composition as in Example 1.4 without adding LQ, and a resin raw material composition for molding was prepared by a dry blending method. Due to the absence of LQ, the powder and pellets were completely separated, classified during transport and in the hopper, and dust was also flying.
- the production method of Comparative Example 1.2 was based on the same method as that of Example 1.1, but the composition was outside the scope of the present disclosure, and therefore the performance was insufficient.
- the broken line in FIG. 3 indicates the torque rise time in Comparative Example 1.2.
- Comparative Examples 1.3 and 1.4 are the same methods as in Example 1.1 except for the composition. Comparative Example 1.5 has the same composition as that of Example 1.4, but all the raw materials were added at once in step a and stirred for 20 minutes, and step b was not performed. In Comparative Example 1.3, the binding between the powder and the pellet was insufficient, and classification and dust were generated. In Comparative Example 1.4, the liquid component was excessive and had adhesiveness. Therefore, a large amount of PWL 10 grains and PWL 0 grains were generated. In Comparative Example 1.5, since all the raw materials of the pellet, the powder, and the liquid component were stirred at once, all of them had a PWL of 10 or more without generating single grains. As a result, the dispersibility and pipe transportability were extremely poor.
- LDPE Low density polyethylene (viscosity average molecular weight 70,000)
- HDPE1 High-density polyethylene (viscosity average molecular weight 200,000)
- PP Polypropylene (viscosity average molecular weight 950,000)
- EL Elastomer (viscosity average molecular weight 60,000)
- a resin raw material composition for a microporous membrane was prepared by the following steps.
- the PL / PW / LQ was added at the composition ratios shown in Tables 9 and 10 so that the total amount was 20 kg.
- Example 2.1, 2.2 and 2.4 to 2.10 the resin raw material compositions for microporous membranes shown in Tables 9 and 10 were used as they were.
- Examples 2.3 and 2.11 to 2.22 after obtaining the resin raw material compositions for microporous membranes shown in Tables 9 and 10, the powders shown in Tables 11 and 12 are used as the step (c'). Was additionally added and blended to obtain a mixed composition. Even in the step (c'), good blending was possible.
- the resin raw material composition or mixed composition for a microporous membrane prepared above was put into a twin-screw extruder having a screw diameter of 44 mm.
- the pellets are already coated with powder, the pellets are also classified when further powder is added in the step (c') and charged into the twin-screw extruder. It kept a good mixing condition without any problems.
- Liquid paraffin as a plasticizer was added from the middle of the cylinder of the extruder.
- the polymer content at the time of extrusion after the addition of liquid paraffin is the following formula: ⁇ total mass (g) of resin component / total mass (g) of composition after addition of liquid paraffin ⁇ ⁇ 100 (mass%). It was calculated and prepared to be 33% by mass.
- Extruded at an extrusion temperature of 200 ° C. a sheet-shaped molten resin extruded from a T-die at the tip of the extruder was guided to a cast roll having a roll temperature of 90 ° C. and cooled and solidified to obtain an unstretched raw fabric having a predetermined thickness.
- this unstretched raw fabric was guided to a biaxial stretching machine and simultaneously biaxially stretched 7 times in length and 7 times in width at a temperature of 120 ° C., and then the plasticizer was extracted and removed with methylene chloride. Further, this was introduced into a heat treatment apparatus to obtain a microporous membrane.
- the heat treatment temperature was adjusted in the range of 130 to 135 ° C.
- the thickness was adjusted to approximately 9 ⁇ m.
- the dispersion of the resin was good, and the air permeability and piercing strength of the microporous membrane were also good.
- Tables 11 and 12 The results of the film formation of Examples 2.1 to 2.22 show that the resin raw material composition for the microporous film of the present disclosure has no problem in the film-forming property and the product property of the microporous film.
- Comparative Examples 2.1 to 2.5 In Comparative Example 2.1, the powder and the pellet had the same composition as in Example 2.4 without adding LQ, and a resin raw material composition for a microporous membrane was prepared by a dry blending method. Due to the absence of LQ, the powder and pellets were completely separated, classified during transport and in the hopper, and dust was also flying. The production methods of Comparative Examples 2.2 to 2.4 were based on the same method as in Example 2.1, but the performance was insufficient.
- Comparative Examples 2.3 and 2.4 are the same methods as in Example 2.1 except for the composition.
- Comparative Example 2.5 all the raw materials were added at once in step a and stirred for 20 minutes, and step b was not performed.
- Comparative Example 2.3 the powder did not bind well to the pellets, and classification and dust were generated.
- Comparative Examples 2.4 and 2.5 the liquid component was excessive and the adhesive was sticky. Therefore, a large amount of PWL 10 grains and PWL 0 grains were generated.
- Comparative Example 2.5 since all the raw materials of the pellet, the powder, and the liquid component were stirred at once, all of them had a PWL of 10 or more without generating single grains. As a result, the dispersibility and pipe transportability were extremely poor.
- Comparative Examples 2.1 to 2.5 the resin raw material compositions for microporous membranes shown in Tables 9 and 10 were used as they were, and the film-forming properties and physical properties of the microporous membranes were confirmed. Since these had problems in the dispersion of the raw material composition, etc., they were devised to be put into an extruder to form a film. In each case, poor dispersion was confirmed. In particular, in Comparative Example 2.4, poor dispersion was severe, fish eyes occurred frequently, and the puncture strength was significantly reduced as compared with the others.
- a resin raw material composition for a microporous film was prepared using only the powder (PW2) shown in Table 7, and the dispersibility, pipe transportability, classibility, dust generation, variation in bulk density, angle of repose and fish eye were evaluated. ..
- HDPE1 High-density polyethylene (viscosity average molecular weight 200,000)
- PP Polypropylene (viscosity average molecular weight 950,000)
- EL Elastomer (viscosity average molecular weight 60,000)
- the resin raw material composition of the present disclosure has good dispersibility, pipe transportability, and moldability, and a molded product having low dust generation and classification and good physical properties can be obtained.
- the powder and pellets are used for extrusion molding at the same time. It can be transported well without being classified during transportation or adhering to pipes, no classification occurs even in the hopper, extrusion molding is good, and the resulting film or microporous film is molded with extremely little fish eye generation. Goods are obtained. Thereby, for example, it has industrial applicability as a separator for a packaging film having excellent moldability and dispersibility, a lithium ion secondary battery, and the like.
- Resin raw material composition of the present disclosure 20 Conventional resin raw material composition
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Abstract
Description
成形用樹脂原料組成物の製造において、一般には、ペレットとパウダーをタンブラーミキサーやヘンシェルミキサー等で事前に大量にブレンドする方法がとられる。この方法では、大量処理ができるため、生産コストを抑えられる。この際、まず配管輸送時や静置ホッパー内でペレットとパウダーが分級し、組成分布にむらが出やすかった。この原因は、数mmの粒子径のペレットに比べ、パウダーは一般に数μm~数百μmと小さいため、配管輸送時や静置ホッパー内でペレットとパウダーが分級し、組成分布にむらが出やすかった。例えば、3mm程度の樹脂ペレットと5μm以下程度の無機フィラーとを、重量比(樹脂ペレット:無機フィラー)で8:2程度に混合し、直径500mm、高さ1000mm、容量100リットルのホッパーに充填すると、運転中徐々に分級しパウダーが沈降する。この対策として、工程の各所に撹拌機(アジテーター)を設置する等の対策は取れても、設置個所のすぐ下流では再び分級するので、根本的な解決にはならなかった。また、パウダー原料は軽いので粉塵として空気中に舞いやすく、特に押出機の樹脂原料供給口周りの作業環境を悪化させやすかった(以下、「発塵性」等と表記する場合がある。)。
上記のように分級による組成分布ムラができると、上述のように、押出状態の変動によって膜厚みの変動が起こりやすいため、得られる押出成形物、例えばフィルム等、及び得られる微多孔膜、例えばセパレータ等では、混練が不十分なことによるフィッシュアイや未溶融ゲルが発生したり、フィルム面内の厚みムラが悪化したり、また、強度ムラが発生する傾向にある。仮に組成分布ムラが許容範囲まで解消されても、ペレットとパウダーの形状の違い、特にその粒子径の違いにより押出機内での融解速度(融解迄の時間)に違いが生じ、大きなペレットが溶け残ったり、逆にペレットの表面が早期に溶出して、パウダーにまとわりつき、パウダーへ混練エネルギーが伝達されなくなり、パウダーが溶け残るケースもあった。このような現象が発生すると、押出圧変動や押出量変動にもつながる。上記課題の解決には事前に必要な原料を2軸混練機等で事前に溶融ペレタイズしておけば改善はされるものの、当該2軸混練機に投入する際には同じ現象が起こり、根本的な解決にはならなかった。また、製造工数が増大し、生産コストが大幅に増加し、さらに複数の押出機を通すことによる熱劣化やせん断による劣化が大きくなり、全体的に強度が低下する傾向にある。
[1]
樹脂ペレット(PL)、パウダー(PW)及び液状成分(LQ)を含む樹脂原料組成物であって、
上記樹脂原料組成物は、成形用樹脂原料組成物であり、
上記樹脂ペレットの表面の少なくとも一部に上記液状成分が被覆され、上記液状成分で被覆された上記樹脂ペレットは単独粒であり又は複数粒の凝集体であり、その液状成分に上記パウダーが付着した、粒状体を含み、
上記樹脂原料組成物の全質量を基準として、上記パウダーの質量%に対する上記樹脂ペレットの質量%の比(PL/PW)が、0.01以上100以下であり、上記液状成分の質量%に対する上記樹脂ペレットの質量%の比(PL/LQ)が、1以上199以下であり、
上記樹脂ペレットの10粒以上の凝集体を含む粒状体の個数が、粒状体の全個数を基準として20%以下である、樹脂原料組成物。
[2]
樹脂ペレット(PL)、パウダー(PW)及び液状成分(LQ)を含む樹脂原料組成物であって、
上記樹脂原料組成物は、微多孔膜用樹脂原料組成物であり、
上記樹脂ペレットの表面の少なくとも一部に上記液状成分が被覆され、上記液状成分で被覆された上記樹脂ペレットは単独粒であり又は複数粒の凝集体であり、その液状成分に上記パウダーが付着した、粒状体を含み、
上記樹脂原料組成物の全質量を基準として、上記パウダーの質量%に対する上記樹脂ペレットの質量%の比(PL/PW)が、0.01以上100以下であり、上記液状成分の質量%に対する上記樹脂ペレットの質量%の比(PL/LQ)が、1以上199以下であり、
上記樹脂ペレットの10粒以上の凝集体を含む粒状体の個数が、粒状体の全個数を基準として20%以下である、樹脂原料組成物。
[3]
上記液状成分で被覆された上記樹脂ペレットの上記液状成分に上記パウダーが付着された粒状体を主成分とする、項目1又は2に記載の樹脂原料組成物。
[4]
上記樹脂ペレットの単独粒又は2~9粒の凝集体を含む粒状体の個数が、粒状体の全個数を基準として95%以上であり、かつ粒径が10mm以上の粒状体が、上記樹脂原料組成物の全質量を基準として1質量%以下である、項目1~3のいずれか一項に記載の樹脂原料組成物。
[5]
上記樹脂ペレットの単独粒を含む粒状体の個数が、粒状体の全個数を基準として70%以上であり、上記樹脂ペレットの単独粒を含む粒状体の最大径が、上記樹脂ペレットの粒径以上、上記樹脂ペレットの粒径+5mm以下である、項目1~4のいずれか一項に記載の樹脂原料組成物。
[6]
上記樹脂ペレットの複数粒の凝集体を含む粒状体の個数が、粒状体の全個数を基準として30%未満であり、かつ、
上記樹脂原料組成物は、上記樹脂ペレットを含まない上記パウダー及び上記液状成分からなる粒状体を更に含む場合、上記樹脂ペレットを含まない粒状体の個数が、粒状体の全個数を基準として20%未満である、項目1~5のいずれか一項に記載の樹脂原料組成物。
[7]
上記樹脂ペレットの10粒以上の凝集体を含む粒状体の個数が、粒状体の全個数を基準として1%以下である、項目1~6のいずれか一項に記載の樹脂原料組成物。
[8]
上記樹脂ペレットが、ポリオレフィン、PET、ポリアミド、アラミド、ポリ塩化ビニル、合成ゴム、ABS、及びPPEからなる群から選択される少なくとも一つを含む、項目1~7のいずれか一項に記載の樹脂原料組成物。
[9]
上記パウダーが、ポリエチレン、エラストマー、PET、ポリアミド、アラミド、及び無機粒子からなる群から選択される少なくとも一つを含む、項目1~8のいずれか一項に記載の樹脂原料組成物。
[10]
上記パウダーの粒子径が10nm以上50μm以下である、項目1~9のいずれか一項に記載の樹脂原料組成物。
[11]
上記液状成分が潤滑油、鉱油及び流動パラフィンからなる群から選択される少なくとも一つである、項目1~10のいずれか一項に記載の樹脂原料組成物。
[12]
上記樹脂原料組成物の嵩密度のばらつきが10%以下である、項目1~11のいずれか一項に記載の樹脂原料組成物。
[13]
上記樹脂原料組成物の安息角が30°以上55°以下である、項目1~12のいずれか一項に記載の樹脂原料組成物。
[14]
樹脂原料組成物の製造方法であって、
上記樹脂原料組成物は、成形用樹脂原料組成物であり、
樹脂ペレット及び液状成分をブレンダーで混錬して、上記樹脂ペレットの表面の少なくとも一部に上記液状成分を被覆する、被覆工程と、
上記被覆工程の後に、上記ブレンダーにパウダーを投入して、更に混練し、上記液状成分で被覆された上記樹脂ペレットの上記液状成分にパウダーを付着させる、付着工程と
を含む、樹脂原料組成物の製造方法。
[15]
トルク立上り時間が150秒以内である、項目14に記載の樹脂原料組成物の製造方法。
[16]
樹脂原料組成物の製造方法であって、
上記樹脂原料組成物は、微多孔膜用樹脂原料組成物であり、
樹脂ペレット及び液状成分をブレンダーで混錬して、上記樹脂ペレットの表面の少なくとも一部に上記液状成分を被覆する、被覆工程と、
上記被覆工程の後に、上記ブレンダーにパウダーを投入して、更に混練し、上記液状成分で被覆された上記樹脂ペレットの上記液状成分にパウダーを付着させる、付着工程と
を含む、樹脂原料組成物の製造方法。
[17]
トルク立上り時間が150秒以内である、項目16に記載の樹脂原料組成物の製造方法。
[18]
項目16又は17に記載の樹脂原料組成物の製造方法によって、樹脂原料組成物を製造する工程と、
上記樹脂原料組成物に、上記樹脂ペレット(PL)及び上記パウダー(PW)と同一の又は異なる、樹脂ペレット(PL)及び/又はパウダー(PW)をさらに混合する工程と
を含む、混合組成物の製造方法。
本開示の樹脂原料組成物は、ペレット、パウダー、及び液状成分を含む(以下、それぞれ、「PL」、「PW」及び「LQ」と記載することがある。)。樹脂原料組成物は、成形用樹脂原料組成物、又は微多孔膜用樹脂原料組成物である。樹脂原料組成物は、多数の粒状体を含み、その粒状体は、一つのペレット、又は複数のペレットの凝集体を有し、そのペレットの全部または一部の表面が液状物に被覆され、さらにその液状物にパウダーが付着されている粒状体(以下、本願明細書において「PWL」と記載することがある。)を含む。本願明細書において、一つの(単独粒の)樹脂ペレットを有する粒状体を「PWL1」、複数の樹脂ペレットの凝集体を有する粒状体を、樹脂ペレットの個数に基づいて、「PWL2」、「PWL3」・・・等と記載することがある。樹脂ペレットを含まず、パウダー及び液状成分からなり、かつ篩い径1mm以上10mm以下の粒状体を、「PWL0」と記載することがある。「粒状体の全個数」とは、PWL0及びPWL1以上の粒状体の全個数を意味する。
樹脂ペレット(PL)としては、一般に用いられる市販の樹脂ペレットを用いればよい。樹脂ペレットの樹脂はどのような樹脂でも使用でき、たとえば、ポリオレフィン、ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)、ポリブチレンテレフタレート(PBT)、ポリアクリロニトリル(PAN)、ポリアミド、アラミド、ポリ塩化ビニル、合成ゴム、アクリロニトリル-ブタジエン-スチレン共重合樹脂(ABS)、及びポリフェニレンベンゾビスオキサゾール(PPE)等から選ばれる。樹脂ペレットの材料は、好ましくは、ポリオレフィン、PET、ポリアミド、アラミド、ポリ塩化ビニル、合成ゴム、ABS、及びPPEからなる群から選択される少なくとも一つである。樹脂ペレットは、好ましくは、ポリオレフィンを主成分として含有することが好ましい。「主成分」とは、樹脂ペレットの全質量に対して50質量%以上であることを意味し、好ましくは70質量%以上、より好ましくは90質量%以上であり、実質的に100質量%であってもよい。ポリオレフィンとしては、ポリプロピレン(PP)、ポリエチレン(PE)及びオレフィン系エラストマー等が挙げられる。
パウダー(PW)は、粒子径数nmから数百μmの微細粒子を意味する。パウダーが、樹脂原料組成物の全質量中に占める割合としては、好ましくは5質量%~90質量%、より好ましくは8質量%~50質量%である。パウダーは、好ましくは樹脂粒子、無機粒子等であるが、繊維を粉砕したものや、木材チップ等の天然由来のもの、金属微粒子等でもよい。
樹脂原料組成物は、液状成分を含むことにより、ペレットとパウダーが一体化され、パウダーによる発塵を抑えることができる。液状成分(LQ)とは、液状であって発塵性を抑えることができれば特に限定されず、好ましくは、成形品や微多孔膜の製造の際、可塑剤として用いられる潤滑油又は鉱油であり、押出成形により得られる製品の性能発現に寄与する、フタル酸ジオクチル(DOP)及びフタル酸ジブチル(DBP)などのフタル酸エステル類、流動パラフィン、その他の可塑剤、柔軟剤、及び防曇剤等であってもよい。液状成分(LQ)は、潤滑油、鉱油及び流動パラフィンからなる群から選択される少なくとも一つであることが好ましい。なお、成形品が微多孔膜用途の場合、流動パラフィン等の可塑剤は、最終製品からはその大部分または全部が除去される。この液状成分の働きにより、一般にはペレットと分級しやすく、また粉塵として作業場所で舞い上がる特性のあるパウダー、例えば、粒径が5nm~50nm程度のナノフィラーも良好に用いることができる。
粒状体は、樹脂ペレットの表面の少なくとも一部に液状成分が被覆され、液状成分で被覆された当該樹脂ペレットが、単独粒又は複数粒の凝集体の状態であり、その液状成分にパウダーが付着して形成されている。そして、樹脂ペレットの10粒以上の凝集体を含む粒状体(PWL10以上)の個数が、粒状体の全個数を基準として20%以下である。PWL10以上の個数が少ないことにより、分級が少なく、分散性、配管輸送性、成形性、及び得られる諸物性に優れた樹脂原料組成物を提供することができる。
樹脂原料組成物の嵩密度は、特に無機フィラーを使用する際は、その比重に大きく左右されるが、一般の原料として用いるには好ましくは0.1g/cm3~2g/cm3、より好ましくは0.3g/cm3~1.5g/cm3、更に好ましくは0.5g/cm3~1.2g/cm3である。また、嵩密度のばらつきは、好ましくは10%以下、より好ましくは5%以下、更に好ましくは3%以下である。嵩密度及びそのばらつきが上記範囲内であると、押出機への供給量が安定しフィルム製品又は微多孔膜の均一性が改善される。
樹脂原料組成物は、安息角が30°以上55°以下であることが好ましい。安息角が上記範囲内であると、一般の押出成形装置原料ホッパーや供給フィーダーで良好に使用できる。
樹脂原料組成物は、プラストミル混練機(東洋精機社製)によるトルク立上り時間が150秒以内であることが好ましい。本願明細書において、「トルク立上り時間」とは、混練開始からプラストミル混練機のトルクが立上り、やがてピークに達するまでの時間を意味する。トルク立上り時間が短いことは、工程(a)における樹脂ペレット及び液状成分の混練が十分であり、液状成分が樹脂ペレットの表面のほぼ全体に、ほぼ均一に付着できたことを意味する。これによって、PWL1の最大径が樹脂ペレットの粒径+5mm以下の、PWL1として安定な構造が得られやすい。
樹脂原料組成物には、ペレット、パウダー及び液状成分に加えて、改質やコストダウン等の目的で、これらの形態以外の他の樹脂成分、無機フィラー、酸化防止剤、分散助剤、帯電防止剤、加工安定剤、結晶核剤等の添加剤、有機フィラー等の添加物等を含有してもよい。これらの各成分が樹脂原料組成物中に占める割合としては、好ましくは5質量%以下、より好ましくは2質量%以下であり、実質的に0質量%であってもよい。
本開示の樹脂原料組成物が微多孔膜用樹脂原料組成物である場合、微多孔膜用樹脂原料組成物は、それ単独で微多孔膜の成形に用いてもよいし、更にペレット(PL)及び/又はパウダー(PW)とブレンドした混合組成物として微多孔膜の成形に用いてもよい。すなわち、本開示の微多孔膜用樹脂原料組成物をマスターバッチとして、所望の混合組成物を製造することができる。追加でブレンドされるPL及び/又はPWは、微多孔膜用樹脂原料組成物に含まれるPL及びPWと同一の材料であってもよく、異なる材料であってもよい。例えば、PLとしてポリプロピレンペレット、PWとしてポリエチレンパウダー、LQとしてミネラルオイルを用い、例えばPL/PW/LQ=85/10/5(重量配合比)の微多孔膜用樹脂原料組成物(原料A)を製造し、これに原料Aで用いたポリエチレンパウダーと同一又は異なるポリエチレンパウダー(原料B)を更に追加してブレンドし、混合組成物を得てもよい。このとき、原料AのPLにはすでにPWが付着しているため、原料BのPWとドライブレンドした際に、混合組成物が分級しにくいという利点がある。この方法によれば、所望の組成をドライブレンド法という簡便な方法で調整できるため、生産性を極めて向上することができる。
本開示の樹脂原料組成物の製造方法は、樹脂原料組成物が成型用樹脂原料組成物である場合、下記の工程(a)及び(b)を含む。
(a)樹脂ペレット及び液状成分をブレンダーで混錬して、樹脂ペレットの表面の少なくとも一部に液状成分を被覆する、被覆工程。
(b)被覆工程の後に、ブレンダーにパウダーを投入して、更に混練し、液状成分で被覆された樹脂ペレットの液状成分にパウダーを付着させる、付着工程。
工程(a’)樹脂ペレット及び液状成分をブレンダーで混合して、樹脂ペレットの表面の少なくとも一部に液状成分を被覆する、被覆工程。
工程(b’)被覆工程の後に、ブレンダーにパウダーを投入して、更に混合し、液状成分で被覆された樹脂ペレットの液状成分にパウダーを付着させる、付着工程。
工程(a’)及び(b’)で製造された本開示の微多孔膜用樹脂原料組成物に、パウダー及び/又はペレットを更にブレンドして、混合組成物として使用することも可能である(以下、工程(c’)という。)。工程(c’)は、ヘンシェルミキサーやタンブラーミキサー等の一般のブレンダーを用いて行うことができる。工程(c’)は、工程(b’)で用いたブレンダーに、工程(b’)に引き続いて、パウダー及び/又はペレットを添加してもよく、又は、工程(b’)とは別のブレンダーを用いることもできる。
〈樹脂原料組成物中のPL、PW及びLQの含有量(質量%)、並びにPWLの割合〉
下記の手順で測定した。
1.PWL0、PWL1、PWL2及びPWL10以上の個数、並びにPWL1~9の割合
樹脂原料組成物を容器に5gサンプリングした(約250~500粒)。PWL0、1、2、及び10以上の個数を数え、それぞれの割合(個数%)を算出した。また、PWL1~9の合計重量を測定し、全重量(5g)に対する割合(質量%)を測定した。
2.PL、PW及びLQの割合(質量%)の測定
PWL1を100粒採取し、重量を測った(WT)。これを液状成分のみが溶ける溶剤(液状成分が流動パラフィンの場合は塩化メチレン等)で洗浄し、PL及びPWをろ過し、その重量を測った(WPL+PW)。WT-WPL+PWから、LQの重量(WLQ)及び重量比(質量%)を算出した。次に、PLとPWを篩い分けし、それぞれの重量(WPL、WPW)、及び重量比(質量%)を算出した。
3.粒径が10mm以上の粒子の割合(質量%)の測定
樹脂原料組成物を容器に50gサンプリング(約2500~5000粒)し、これを目開き10mmのふるいにかけて分級した。粒径が10mm以上の粒子の重量を測定し、全重量(50g)に対する割合(質量%)を測定した。
パウダー、ペレット及び粒状体ともに、約0.05mm(50μm)以上の大きさのものは、キーエンス社製のマイクロビデオスコープにて、それ以下のものは走査型電子顕微鏡にて粒子径を測定した。測定対象の粒子に外接する円の直径(最大径)を粒子径とし、無作為に100個の粒子を選定し、その平均を求めた。
装置 東洋精機社製プラストミル R-60 ローター径30mmにて、以下の手順で測定した。
手順
1.樹脂原料組成物と流動パラフィンを準備した。流動パラフィン量は両者の混合後に30質量%となるようにし、カップ内で撹拌棒で混合した。両者の合計は48gとした。
2.東洋精機社製プラストミルを、空気雰囲気下、温度200℃、回転数30rpmに設定した。
3.手順1で準備した樹脂原料組成物を速やかに投入し、直ちに混練開始した。原料投下完了の時間を0分とした。
4.プラストミルの混練トルクが立上り、やがてピークに達するまでの時間を測定した。
本測定法は、実際の押出機中での混練の容易性(分散性)の指標となる。一般の押出成形では樹脂原料では、押出機中、短時間で溶融を開始し、スクリュートルクが立ち上がる必要がある。このトルクの立ち上がりが遅いと、押出機の混練能力が十分に発揮されず、分散不良となる。
以下の基準で、トルク立上り時間をもって分散性を評価した。
A 150秒以下
B 150秒を超え200秒以下
C 200秒を超え300秒以下
D 300秒を超える
JIS-Z2504に準ずる以下の方法にて測定した。高さ600mm、上部の直径が400mm、下部の直径が250mmの円錐台状で、下部には半球状のドームになっており、そのドームの最下端より原料を抜き出すための開口を持つ原料ホッパーに、本開示による樹脂原料組成物を20kg投入した。投入直後にその原料の上面より200ccのカップにて5回樹脂を抜き出し、その平均重量から第1の嵩密度を求めた。続いて、ホッパーの下部の開孔より原料を15kg抜き出し、その後同様の方法で第2の嵩密度を求めた。この際、嵩密度の比(第1の嵩密度/第2の嵩密度)をもって嵩密度のばらつきとした。下記の様に評価した。
A 嵩密度の比が0.95以上、1.05以下の範囲内である。
B 嵩密度の比が0.90を超え、0.95未満、または1.05を超え1.10以下の範囲内である。
C 嵩密度の比が0.90未満、または1.10を超える。
本開示による樹脂原料組成物200gサンプリングし、外形79mm、容量500ccの円筒状のポリエチレンサンプル瓶に無作為に投入した。これを市販の小型シェーカー(ケニス社製、ケニスミニシェーカー 3D 33180556、振とう幅7度程度、振とう数30rpm)で5分間振とうした。その後瓶中の上部(高さで1/10程度の範囲)とビンの底部(高さで1/10程度の範囲)からそれぞれ樹脂原料組成物を10gずつ採取し、その中のペレット粒の個数を数え、個数比(上部/底部)を測定した。このでは分級性のよいものは個数比が1.0に近くなる。下記のように評した。
A 個数比が0.9以上1.1未満である。
B 個数比が0.85以上、0.9未満または1.1を超え、1.15以下の範囲内である。
C 個数比が0.85未満または1.15を超える。
JIS9301-2-2に準拠した装置にて求めた。試料200gを漏斗の上縁から約40mmの高さから毎分20g~60gの速さで供給した。この時、落下速度は一定に保った。試料200gを漏斗から供給し、試料の作る斜面と水平面がなす角度を分度器で測定した。下記の様に評価した。
A 角度が30°以上、55°以下の範囲内である。
B 角度が30°未満、または55°を超える。
500ccの樹脂原料組成物を計量カップに取り、30cmの高さから、1辺が30cm以上の長方形の黒色の紙の上に落下させ、落下5秒後の際の粉塵の舞い上がりを、真横から目視で観察して判定した。なお背景に黒い板を配し舞い上がりを見やすくした。下記の基準で評価した。
A 舞い上がりが全くないか、舞い上がっても高さが15cm以下である。
B 舞い上がりが15cmを超える高さで発生する。
測定対象の樹脂原料組成物を5kg準備し、長さ10mのポリ塩化ビニル製のホースをつないだ空気輸送オートローダーにて高さ2mまで輸送した。前述の<嵩密度>の測定方法と同様で、輸送前後の嵩密度の比(輸送前/輸送後)を測定した。
A 嵩密度の比が0.95以上、1.05以下の範囲内である。
B 嵩密度の比が0.90を超え、0.95未満、または1.05を超え1.10以下の範囲内である。
C 嵩密度の比が0.90未満、または1.10を超える
成形用樹脂原料組成物を軸径30mm、L/D35の2軸押出機に投入し、所定温度(230℃)で混練し、300mmのTダイスにて押出し、キャストロールにて冷却して、厚さ1mmの無延伸原反を得た。この原反を8mm×8mmに切り出し、バッチ式2軸延伸機にて4倍×4倍に延伸してフィルム化した。延伸したフィルムを20cm×20cmに切り出し、直径0.5mm以上のフィッシュアイをカウントした。なお、評価はフィルム10gあたりの値に換算した。
A フィッシュアイ数が5個/10g以下
B フィッシュアイ数が6~20個/10g
C フィッシュアイ数が20個/10gを超える。
可塑剤としての流動パラフィンを含む微多孔膜用樹脂原料組成物に、更に可塑剤としての流動パラフィンを追加して混合し、流動パラフィンの量が混合後に65重量%になるように調整した原料を軸径30mm、L/D35の2軸押出機に投入し、所定温度(230℃)で混練し、300mmのTダイスにて押出し、キャストロールにて冷却して、厚さ0.5mmの無延伸原反を得る。この原反を8mm×8mmに切り出し、バッチ式2軸延伸機にて7倍×7倍に延伸してフィルム化した。さらにこの延伸フィルムを過剰量のジクロロメタンに浸漬後乾燥し、可塑剤を抽出除去し、微多孔膜を得た。得られた微多孔膜を20cm×20cmに切り出し、直径0.5mm以上のフィッシュアイをカウントした。なお、評価は微多孔膜10gあたりの値に換算した。
A フィッシュアイ数が5個/10g以下
B フィッシュアイ数が6~20個/10g
C フィッシュアイ数が20個/10gを超える。
東洋精機製の微少測厚器(タイプKBN、端子径Φ5mm、測定圧62.47kPa)を用いて、雰囲気温度23±2℃で、サンプルの厚みを測定した。
100mm四方の微多孔膜のサンプルの質量から目付けW(g/cm2)及び微多孔膜を構成する成分(樹脂及び添加剤)の平均密度ρ(g/cm3)を算出し、微多孔膜の厚みd(cm)から下記式にて計算した。
気孔率=(W/(d×ρ))×100(%)
なお、各層の気孔率の比(A層の気孔率/B層の気孔率)
例えばA層/B層/A層の3層フィルムでは、剥離できる場合は、剥離して上記方法で求めた。湿式法の場合、剥離できない場合があるが、その際は、各層の仕込み溶剤の体積濃度P(A層をPA、B層をPBとする。)、SEMによる断面観察による厚みD(A層厚みをDA、B層厚みをDBとする。)を測定し、さらにA層の気孔率をVA、B層の気孔率をVBとし、下記2つの式を連立して解くことにより求めた。
式1・・・全層気孔率=(PA×DA×層数2+PB×DB×層数1)/全層厚み
式2・・・(VA/VB)=(PA/PB)
JIS P-8117に準拠し、ガーレー式透気度計「G-B2」(東洋精機製作所(株)製、商標)で測定した。なお、表中の値は、合計厚みを基準とした比例計算により算出した20μm換算の透気度である。
ハンディー圧縮試験器「KES-G5」(カトーテック製、商標)を用いて、針先端の曲率半径0.5mm、突刺速度2mm/secの条件で突刺試験を行うことにより求めた。
表1、2及び3のペレット、パウダー及び液状物を、表4の組み合わせで用い、下記工程にて成形用樹脂原料組成物を作成した。
(a)80リットルのタンブラーミキサーに、所定量のペレットを投入し、その上から液状成分を投入した、この液状成分投入の際はミキサー壁になるたけ付着させないように、中心部に投入した。その後10分間撹拌した。
(b)そののち所定量のパウダーを添加し、更に10分間撹拌した。なおPL/PW/LQは、合計量が20kgになるように、表4及び5の組成比にて投入した。
実施例1.1~1.18では、いずれもべとつきはなく、樹脂ペレットの10粒以上の凝集体を含む粒状体の個数が20%以下であった。この成形用樹脂原料組成物の分散性、配管輸送性、分級性、及び発塵性はいずれも良好であった。嵩密度のばらつき(分級性)、安息角及びフィッシュアイもすべて良好であった。
比較例1.1は、LQを投入せずに、パウダーとペレットは実施例1.4と同一組成にて、ドライブレンドの方法で、成形用樹脂原料組成物を作成した。LQがないため、パウダーとペレットは完全に分離しており、輸送中及びホッパー内で分級し、粉塵も舞っていた。比較例1.2の製造方法は、実施例1.1と同様の方法に基づくが、本開示の範囲外の組成であるため、性能が不十分であった。図3の破線は、比較例1.2におけるトルク立上り時間を示す。原料投下(混練開始)から約180秒で平均トルクがピークに達しており、実施例1.1(約100秒)に比べて分散性が悪いことが分かる。比較例1.3及び1.4は、組成以外は実施例1.1と同様の方法である。比較例1.5は、実施例1.4と同じ組成であるが、工程aにおいてすべての原料を一度に投入し、20分撹拌したものであり、工程bは行わなかった。比較例1.3ではパウダーとペレットの結着が不十分で分級や粉塵が発生した。比較例1.4においては、液状成分が過多となり粘着性を有していた。そのため、PWL10粒やPWL0粒が大量に発生した。比較例1.5においては、ペレット、パウダー、液状成分のすべての原料を一度に撹拌したため、単独粒が発生せずにすべてがPWL10以上であった。その結果、分散性、配管輸送性が著しく悪かった。
HDPE1:高密度ポリエチレン(粘度平均分子量 20万)
PP:ポリプロピレン(粘度平均分子量 95万)
EL:エラストマー(粘度平均分子量 6万)
表6、7及び8のペレット、パウダー(樹脂パウダー、フィラー)及び液状物を、表9及び10の組み合わせで用い、下記工程にて微多孔膜用樹脂原料組成物を作成した。
工程(a’):タンブラーミキサーに、所定量のペレットを投入し、その上から液状成分を投入した、この液状成分投入の際はミキサー壁になるたけ付着させないように、中央部に投入した。その後15rpmにて10分間撹拌した。
工程(b’):そののち所定量のパウダーを添加し、更に10分間撹拌した。なおPL/PW/LQは、合計量が20kgになるように、表9及び10の組成比にて投入した。ここで一旦ミキサーの蓋を開けると、ミキサーの壁に多くのペレットが付着していたが、これをへら等でミキサー内に落とし、更に5分間撹拌すると、全体的に均一な微多孔膜用樹脂原料組成物が得られた。この微多孔膜用樹脂原料組成物の分散性、配管輸送性、分級性、及び発塵性はいずれも良好であった。嵩密度のばらつき(分級性)、安息角及びフィッシュアイもすべて良好であった。結果を表9及び10に示す。
比較例2.1は、LQを投入せずに、パウダーとペレットは実施例2.4と同一組成にて、ドライブレンドの方法で、微多孔膜用樹脂原料組成物を作成した。LQがないため、パウダーとペレットは完全に分離しており、輸送中及びホッパー内で分級し、粉塵も舞っていた。比較例2.2~2.4の製造方法は、実施例2.1と同様の方法に基づくが、性能が不十分であった。
表7に記載のパウダー(PW2)のみを用いて微多孔膜用樹脂原料組成物とし、分散性、配管輸送性、分級性、発塵性、嵩密度のばらつき、安息角及びフィッシュアイを評価した。
20 従来の樹脂原料組成物
Claims (18)
- 樹脂ペレット(PL)、パウダー(PW)及び液状成分(LQ)を含む樹脂原料組成物であって、
前記樹脂原料組成物は、成形用樹脂原料組成物であり、
前記樹脂ペレットの表面の少なくとも一部に前記液状成分が被覆され、前記液状成分で被覆された前記樹脂ペレットは単独粒であり又は複数粒の凝集体であり、その液状成分に前記パウダーが付着した、粒状体を含み、
前記樹脂原料組成物の全質量を基準として、前記パウダーの質量%に対する前記樹脂ペレットの質量%の比(PL/PW)が、0.01以上100以下であり、前記液状成分の質量%に対する前記樹脂ペレットの質量%の比(PL/LQ)が、1以上199以下であり、
前記樹脂ペレットの10粒以上の凝集体を含む粒状体の個数が、粒状体の全個数を基準として20%以下である、樹脂原料組成物。 - 樹脂ペレット(PL)、パウダー(PW)及び液状成分(LQ)を含む樹脂原料組成物であって、
前記樹脂原料組成物は、微多孔膜用樹脂原料組成物であり、
前記樹脂ペレットの表面の少なくとも一部に前記液状成分が被覆され、前記液状成分で被覆された前記樹脂ペレットは単独粒であり又は複数粒の凝集体であり、その液状成分に前記パウダーが付着した、粒状体を含み、
前記樹脂原料組成物の全質量を基準として、前記パウダーの質量%に対する前記樹脂ペレットの質量%の比(PL/PW)が、0.01以上100以下であり、前記液状成分の質量%に対する前記樹脂ペレットの質量%の比(PL/LQ)が、1以上199以下であり、
前記樹脂ペレットの10粒以上の凝集体を含む粒状体の個数が、粒状体の全個数を基準として20%以下である、樹脂原料組成物。 - 前記液状成分で被覆された前記樹脂ペレットの前記液状成分に前記パウダーが付着された粒状体を主成分とする、請求項1又は2に記載の樹脂原料組成物。
- 前記樹脂ペレットの単独粒又は2~9粒の凝集体を含む粒状体の個数が、粒状体の全個数を基準として95%以上であり、かつ粒径が10mm以上の粒状体が、前記樹脂原料組成物の全質量を基準として1質量%以下である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の樹脂原料組成物。
- 前記樹脂ペレットの単独粒を含む粒状体の個数が、粒状体の全個数を基準として70%以上であり、前記樹脂ペレットの単独粒を含む粒状体の最大径が、前記樹脂ペレットの粒径以上、前記樹脂ペレットの粒径+5mm以下である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の樹脂原料組成物。
- 前記樹脂ペレットの複数粒の凝集体を含む粒状体の個数が、粒状体の全個数を基準として30%未満であり、かつ、
前記樹脂原料組成物は、前記樹脂ペレットを含まない前記パウダー及び前記液状成分からなる粒状体を更に含む場合、前記樹脂ペレットを含まない粒状体の個数が、粒状体の全個数を基準として20%未満である、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の樹脂原料組成物。 - 前記樹脂ペレットの10粒以上の凝集体を含む粒状体の個数が、粒状体の全個数を基準として1%以下である、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の樹脂原料組成物。
- 前記樹脂ペレットが、ポリオレフィン、PET、ポリアミド、アラミド、ポリ塩化ビニル、合成ゴム、ABS、及びPPEからなる群から選択される少なくとも一つを含む、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の樹脂原料組成物。
- 前記パウダーが、ポリエチレン、エラストマー、PET、ポリアミド、アラミド、及び無機粒子からなる群から選択される少なくとも一つを含む、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の樹脂原料組成物。
- 前記パウダーの粒子径が10nm以上50μm以下である、請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の樹脂原料組成物。
- 前記液状成分が潤滑油、鉱油及び流動パラフィンからなる群から選択される少なくとも一つである、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の樹脂原料組成物。
- 前記樹脂原料組成物の嵩密度のばらつきが10%以下である、請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の樹脂原料組成物。
- 前記樹脂原料組成物の安息角が30°以上55°以下である、請求項1~12のいずれか一項に記載の樹脂原料組成物。
- 樹脂原料組成物の製造方法であって、
前記樹脂原料組成物は、成形用樹脂原料組成物であり、
樹脂ペレット及び液状成分をブレンダーで混錬して、前記樹脂ペレットの表面の少なくとも一部に前記液状成分を被覆する、被覆工程と、
前記被覆工程の後に、前記ブレンダーにパウダーを投入して、更に混練し、前記液状成分で被覆された前記樹脂ペレットの前記液状成分にパウダーを付着させる、付着工程と
を含む、樹脂原料組成物の製造方法。 - トルク立上り時間が150秒以内である、請求項14に記載の樹脂原料組成物の製造方法。
- 樹脂原料組成物の製造方法であって、
前記樹脂原料組成物は、微多孔膜用樹脂原料組成物であり、
樹脂ペレット及び液状成分をブレンダーで混錬して、前記樹脂ペレットの表面の少なくとも一部に前記液状成分を被覆する、被覆工程と、
前記被覆工程の後に、前記ブレンダーにパウダーを投入して、更に混練し、前記液状成分で被覆された前記樹脂ペレットの前記液状成分にパウダーを付着させる、付着工程と
を含む、樹脂原料組成物の製造方法。 - トルク立上り時間が150秒以内である、請求項16に記載の樹脂原料組成物の製造方法。
- 請求項16又は17に記載の樹脂原料組成物の製造方法によって、樹脂原料組成物を製造する工程と、
前記樹脂原料組成物に、前記樹脂ペレット(PL)及び前記パウダー(PW)と同一の又は異なる、樹脂ペレット(PL)及び/又はパウダー(PW)をさらに混合する工程と
を含む、混合組成物の製造方法。
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