WO2022138631A1 - 家畜及び／又は家禽の生産性改善方法及び腸内菌叢改善方法 - Google Patents

家畜及び／又は家禽の生産性改善方法及び腸内菌叢改善方法 Download PDF

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WO2022138631A1
WO2022138631A1 PCT/JP2021/047296 JP2021047296W WO2022138631A1 WO 2022138631 A1 WO2022138631 A1 WO 2022138631A1 JP 2021047296 W JP2021047296 W JP 2021047296W WO 2022138631 A1 WO2022138631 A1 WO 2022138631A1
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Prior art keywords
feed
livestock
poultry
trehalose
breeding
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
和久 向井
晃隆 山本
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Nagase Viita Co Ltd
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Hayashibara Co Ltd
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Priority to MX2023007685A priority Critical patent/MX2023007685A/es
Priority to US18/259,124 priority patent/US20240041951A1/en
Priority to BR112023012862A priority patent/BR112023012862A2/pt
Priority to EP21910774.5A priority patent/EP4252541A4/en
Priority to CN202180094548.5A priority patent/CN116887690A/zh
Priority to JP2022571493A priority patent/JP7671784B2/ja
Publication of WO2022138631A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022138631A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
    • A61K35/66—Microorganisms or materials therefrom
    • A61K35/74—Bacteria
    • A61K35/741—Probiotics
    • A61K35/742—Spore-forming bacteria, e.g. Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus subtilis, clostridium or Lactobacillus sporogenes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
    • A23K50/75—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
    • A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K40/10—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by agglomeration; by granulation, e.g. making powders
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/60—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for weanlings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/7016—Disaccharides, e.g. lactose, lactulose
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
    • A61P1/14—Prodigestives, e.g. acids, enzymes, appetite stimulants, antidyspeptics, tonics, antiflatulents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/174—Vitamins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/24—Compounds of alkaline earth metals, e.g. magnesium
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
    • A61K2035/11—Medicinal preparations comprising living procariotic cells
    • A61K2035/115—Probiotics

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for improving the productivity of livestock and / or poultry and a method for improving the intestinal flora. And a method for improving the intestinal flora.
  • Pathogenic Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Clostridium spp., Campylobacter spp., Etc. are known as bad bacteria that cause such infectious diseases. It is known that when bad bacteria multiply abnormally, they produce toxins such as enterotoxin and cytotoxin and cause damage to the intestinal mucosa, causing infectious diseases.
  • Clostridium perfringens which is a bacterium belonging to the genus Clostridium, is also called Clostridium perfringens and is known as a causative agent of necrotizing enteritis in livestock and poultry.
  • Patent Document 1 in order to improve the fecal properties of birds containing trehalose, growth promoters for mammals, or animals.
  • Patent Document 2 a feed additive for livestock and a heat stress reducing agent for livestock containing trehalose are disclosed.
  • these disclosures only the rate of weight gain of the broiler fed by adding trehalose to the feed and the average feed intake of dairy cows were confirmed, and other than the weight gain and feed intake when feeding trehalose. Has not been examined in detail for its effect on productivity.
  • viable fungi are used for the purpose of improving the intestinal environment of livestock and poultry and promoting their growth.
  • a viable agent is defined as a living additive microorganism that has an effective effect on the host by improving the balance of the intestinal bacteria of the host animal, and is now generally a living bacterium regardless of its morphology. It is called probiotics (Non-Patent Document 1).
  • Patent Document 2 discloses a method of feeding a combination of Bacillus coagulans and Bacillus subtilis in the late stage of growth of poultry, but when a live bacterial agent is fed. There is no specific description of the effect on the intestinal flora.
  • the present invention can improve the intestinal flora of livestock and / or poultry as well as productivity, and in particular, means for improving weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and uniformity of livestock and / or poultry.
  • the challenge is to provide.
  • the present inventors have surprisingly fed livestock and / or poultry with a feed containing trehalose and a viable agent, thereby causing livestock and / or poultry.
  • the present invention has been completed by finding that it can improve the intestinal flora, increase the weight, reduce the feed conversion ratio, and improve the uniformity.
  • the present invention provides a method for improving the productivity of livestock and / or poultry by feeding livestock and / or poultry with a feed containing trehalose and a viable agent, and an intestinal flora of livestock and poultry.
  • the above problem is solved by providing a method for improvement.
  • the intestinal flora is improved by reducing the number of bad bacteria in the intestine of livestock and / or poultry. It is possible to improve the productivity of livestock and / or poultry because of the effects of increasing weight, reducing feed demand, and improving uniformity.
  • the present invention provides livestock and / or poultry with a feed containing trehalose and a viable agent, and a feed containing trehalose and a viable agent, a method for improving the productivity of livestock and / or poultry, and the intestine. It relates to a method for improving the bacterial flora.
  • the "improvement in productivity of livestock and / or poultry" as used in the present invention means that the efficiency of obtaining an adult that meets a certain shipping standard in the breeding of livestock and / or poultry is improved. Improving livestock and / or poultry productivity can be, for example, increasing the weight of livestock and / or poultry, reducing feed conversion ratios, and / or improving homogeneity.
  • Weight gain refers to the weight gain of an animal during a certain breeding period. The greater the value of weight gain over a given breeding period, the faster the animal grows. That is, in one embodiment, productivity improvement means a feed that does not contain both trehalose and a viable agent, or a feed that does not contain either of them, in a certain breeding period. The value of weight gain can be large.
  • the feed conversion ratio is the ratio of the amount of feed (consumed) fed by the animal to the amount of weight gain, that is, the amount of feed consumed (kg) / weight gain (kg), and increases the weight of the animal by 1 kg. Refers to the amount of feed required for this. Therefore, the smaller the feed conversion ratio, the better the feed utilization rate of animals and the better the economic efficiency. That is, in one embodiment, productivity improvement means that the feed conversion ratio value is higher than that of feeding a feed containing neither trehalose nor a viable agent, or a feed containing either of them. It can be small.
  • Simultaneousness refers to a state in which there is little variation in body weight among individual animals, and they are all in the same way. It is said that by increasing the uniformity, it is possible to improve meat production and feed utilization.
  • the coefficient of variation is used as an index to express uniformity.
  • the coefficient of variation is a value calculated by (standard deviation / mean value) ⁇ 100, and the smaller the value of this coefficient of variation, the less the variation among individual animals, and the better the uniformity. means.
  • productivity improvement means improvement in body weight uniformity as compared to feeding a feed containing neither trehalose nor a viable agent, or a feed containing either of them. It can be.
  • the term "improvement of intestinal flora" of livestock and / or poultry as used in the present invention means to keep the flora growing in the intestinal tract of livestock and / or poultry in an appropriate state, that is, in the intestinal flora. It means an increase in the number of good bacteria and / or a decrease in the number of bad bacteria.
  • good bacteria in the intestinal flora include lactobacilli, bifidobacteria, enterococcus, streptococcus, pediococcus, leuconostock, lactococcus, and bacillus. Bacteria of the genus are known.
  • the term "improvement of intestinal flora" of livestock and / or poultry as used herein refers to good bacteria such as Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp., And Enterococcus in the intestinal tract of livestock and / or poultry.
  • An increase in the number of one or more species selected from the bacterium genus, Streptococcus bacterium, Pediococcus bacterium, Leukonostock bacterium, Lactococcus bacterium, Bacillus bacterium, and / or bad bacterium It may include a reduction in the number of one or more species selected from the E. coli, Salmonella spp., Clostridium spp., And Campylobacter spp.
  • the proportion of bad bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Clostridium in the intestine increases, and the number of good bacteria increases.
  • Clostridium perfringens (hereinafter referred to as "Clostridium perfringens") known as bad bacteria causes diseases such as necrotizing enteritis, gangrenous dermatitis and bile duct hepatitis in livestock and / or poultry. It is very important to reduce the number of bad bacteria such as Clostridium perfringens in the intestine in order to improve the productivity of livestock and / or poultry because of adverse effects such as decreased productivity and increased mortality. be. That is, in one preferred embodiment, "improvement of the intestinal flora" of livestock and / or poultry may mean a decrease in the number of Clostridium perfringens in the intestinal tract of livestock and / or poultry.
  • the "livestock” in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is an animal genetically improved from a wild animal in order to be useful for human life, and for example, a cow, a pig, a sheep, a goat, a horse, a dog, and a cat. And so on.
  • cattle include Holstein and Jersey cattle, which are dairy breeds, Aberdeen Angus cattle, Japanese Black cattle, Japanese brown cattle, hybrid cattle, and Holstein cattle, which are beef cattle.
  • the pigs include, for example, Landrace pigs, Yorkshire pigs, Hampshire pigs, Berkshire pigs and the like.
  • the noodles include Southdown, Suffolk, and Cheviot breeds as beef breeds.
  • the "poultry” is not particularly limited as long as it is a bird bred for meat or egg collection, and may be, for example, a chicken, a quail, a turkey, a duck, a geese, a mallard, a duck, or a pheasant.
  • the chicken includes, for example, a broiler which is a meat chicken, a layer of an egg-collecting chicken, and the like. Broiler varieties include, for example, chunky, cobb, and arbor aca.
  • the feeding timing of the feed containing trehalose and a viable bacterial agent to livestock and / or poultry is not particularly limited, and the livestock and / or the poultry and the poultry are fed. / Or may be fed at any time of the poultry breeding period.
  • the breeding period for livestock and / or poultry is the period from birth or hatching to the date of shipment, and although the period varies depending on the animal species, for example, in the case of beef cattle, about 30 months. In the case of pigs, it takes about 190 days. For poultry it is about 25 to about 170 days, for example in broilers it is usually about 35 to about 60 days.
  • the breeding period in the breeding test of the broiler of the experimental example described later was 42 days from hatching to 42 days of age.
  • the feed containing trehalose and a viable agent can be provided in various forms depending on the type of animal to be fed and the breeding stage. ..
  • two types of feeds are mainly fed: a roughage containing a large amount of fiber such as grass, hay and silage, and a concentrated feed containing a large amount of protein and carbohydrates such as grains, soybeans and bran.
  • substitute milk which is fed by dissolving defatted milk powder as the main raw material in a liquid state
  • artificial milk which is a concentrated feed that is fed in solid form.
  • the feed according to the present invention may be roughage, concentrated feed, milk replacer, or artificial milk.
  • the breeding period is usually roughly divided into the first half and the second half, and the first half may be referred to as “early breeding” and the latter half may be referred to as "late breeding".
  • the feeding period of the feed containing trehalose and the viable cell agent according to one aspect of the present invention to livestock is not particularly limited, but the milk replacer and / or artificial milk fed during the lactation period (early breeding period).
  • the feed of the present invention may be particularly suitably used as a milk replacer and / or artificial milk.
  • the feeding timing and form of the feed of the present invention are not limited to these, and it goes without saying that the feed may be fed at a breeding stage other than the lactation period, and may be used as a roughage or a concentrated feed. Is.
  • the nutritional composition of the feed to be fed differs depending on the breeding stage, and the feed containing trehalose and a viable agent can be provided in various forms depending on the breeding stage of the poultry to be fed.
  • the feeds fed to poultry include, for example, a feed for young chicks called Starter feed, which is rich in nutrients such as amino acids and proteins, and a feed for breeding called Grower feed, which contains more fat than Starter feed. Includes finishing feeds called Finisher feeds.
  • the breeding period is usually roughly divided into the first half and the second half, and the first half may be referred to as “early breeding" and the latter half may be referred to as "late breeding".
  • the breeding period is 35 days, it is usually from 0 to 15 to 18 days old, and when the breeding period is 42 days, it is usually.
  • the period from 0 days to 20 to 24 days, and when the breeding period is 60 days, the period from 0 to 26 to 34 days is usually the first stage of breeding, and the remaining breeding period of each is set. It is in the latter half of breeding.
  • the young chicks after hatching are usually fed with a Starter feed or a Grower feed, and in the latter stage of breeding, a Finisher feed is fed.
  • the 7 days until shipment is called the finishing period, and a finishing feed different from the Finisher feed may be fed.
  • the feeding period of the feed according to one aspect of the present invention to poultry is not particularly limited, but a sufficient effect can be obtained by feeding the feed as a Starter feed and / or a Grower feed fed in the first stage of breeding.
  • the feed according to the embodiment is particularly useful as a Starter feed and / or a Grower feed.
  • the feed of the present invention may be used as a Finisher feed.
  • trehalose used as an active ingredient of feed includes two molecules of D-glucose as ⁇ and ⁇ -1. , 1 Non-reducing disaccharide ( ⁇ , ⁇ -trehalose) having a bound structure.
  • the trehalose used in the present invention is not particularly limited depending on its origin and production method, but in one preferred embodiment, for example, the method disclosed in JP-A-7-170977, JP-A-7-21283 and the like. Hydrous crystals or anhydrous crystals of the produced trehalose can be appropriately used. More specifically, for example, trehalose dihydrous crystal-containing powder industrially produced from starch by an enzymatic method ("Treha (registered trademark)", “Treha (registered trademark) A feed", Hayashihara Co., Ltd. Commercially available products such as (sold) can also be preferably used.
  • the purity of trehalose used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it exerts the effect of the present invention, and even if it is a pure product, it is a mixture with other sugars, that is, an unseparated composition. May be good.
  • the form is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, liquid, syrup, powder, solid or the like.
  • the "live bacterial agent" as used in the present invention is a useful intestinal microorganism capable of maintaining an intestinal flora in a good state by blending it with an animal feed and ingesting it and growing it in the intestine of the animal. It means a feed additive containing the useful intestinal microorganisms.
  • useful enterococci include Clostridium such as Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus salivarius, and Lactobacillus casei, Bifidobacterium thermophilum, Bifidobacterium pseudolongum, and Bifidobacterium.
  • lactic acid bacteria such as Pediococcus such as Coccus pentococcus, Leuconostock such as Leuconostock citreum and Leuconostock Mecenteroides, and Lactococcus such as Lactococcus lactis.
  • Examples include viable bacteria, Clostridium genus such as Clostridium butyricum, Bacillus genus such as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus seleus, Bacillus buddyus, and Bacillus coagulans, and these microorganisms and /.
  • the feed additive containing these microorganisms can be suitably used for animal feed as a viable agent.
  • microorganisms such as Lactobacillus and Bacillus are desirable, and Bacillus subtilis is particularly preferable, in terms of the action and effect of improving the intestinal flora of livestock and / or poultry.
  • Bacillus subtilis Bacillus subtilis C-3102 strain or its derivative strain or mutant strain is desirable.
  • the viable bacterial agent may be in the form of liquid, powder or solid, and a commercially available viable bacterial agent may be used.
  • Calsporin registered trademark
  • Bacillus subtilis C-3102 strain FERM BP-1096
  • Bacillus subtilis C-3102 strain content 1 ⁇ 10 10 pieces / g viable cell agent
  • various lineups with different viable cell content are commercially available as related products of the same product (commodity). Name "Calsporin (registered trademark) / diluted product”).
  • the viable cell content is arbitrarily selected according to the desired effect.
  • the amount and viable cell count of trehalose contained in the feed are the type of target livestock and / or poultry, the type and amount of other components contained in the feed, the target livestock and /. Alternatively, it is appropriately adjusted according to the skin condition, coat condition, maturity condition, sex, weight, etc. of the poultry, and is not particularly limited, but trehalose is usually 0.05% by mass or more and 2% by mass or less in the feed. It is preferable to adjust the content so that it is preferably contained in the range of 0.1% by mass or more and 1% by mass or less, more preferably 0.2% by mass or more and 0.8% by mass or less.
  • the viable cell count in the feed is usually about 3.0 ⁇ 10 5 or more and 1.0 ⁇ 10 9 or less, more preferably about 5.0 ⁇ 10 5 or more 1.0 per gram of feed. It is desirable to adjust the ratio so that the ratio is x10 or less.
  • the content of trehalose in the feed is 0.05% by mass and the number of viable bacteria contained in the feed is less than 3.0 ⁇ 10 5 per gram of the feed, the productivity improving effect of livestock and / or poultry and / or the intestine The effect of improving the internal flora may be insufficient.
  • the feed according to one aspect of the present invention may further contain feed raw materials and feed additives for commonly used livestock and / or poultry, in addition to trehalose and live bacterial agents.
  • feed raw materials and feed additives for commonly used livestock and / or poultry in addition to trehalose and live bacterial agents.
  • corn, rice, brown rice, rice bran, millet, rye, cassaba, barley, wheat, embaku, mylo, soybean, etc. are used as grains
  • soybean oil cake, rapeseed oil, etc. are used as vegetable oil cakes.
  • the feed according to one aspect of the present invention contains antioxidants and antibacterial agents according to the type and form of the feed to the extent that the effects of improving the productivity of livestock and / or poultry and improving the intestinal flora are not impaired.
  • Other ingredients such as agents can be used in combination.
  • ethoxykin, dibutylhydroxytoluene, butylhydroxyanisole and the like are used as antioxidants
  • propionic acid, calcium propionate, sodium propionate and the like are used as antifungal agents
  • purulan and sodium alginate are used as binders.
  • Acid calcium L-ascorbate, sodium L-ascorbate, sodium calcium L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate, magnesium L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate, acetomenafton, inositol, dibenzoylthiamine hydrochloride, ergocalci Ferrol, choline chloride, thiamine hydrochloride, pyridoxin hydrochloride, ⁇ -carotene, cholecalciferol, dl- ⁇ -tocopherol acetate, cyanocobalamine, thionine nitrate, nicotinic acid, nicotinic acid amide, paraaminobenzoic acid, calcium D-pantothenate, DL- Calcium pantothenate, d-biotin, vitamin A powder, vitamin A oil, vitamin D powder, vitamin D3 oil, vitamin E powder, 25-hydroxycholecalciferol, methionine hydrogen sulfite dimethylpyrimidinol,
  • antibiotics such as zinc bacitracin, aviramycin, enramycin, salinomycin sodium, senduramycin sodium, nalasin, nosiheptide, bicozamycin, flavophosphoripol, monencin sodium, lasaroside sodium, koku. Geostat, etc., as flavoring agents, esters, ethers, ketones, fatty acids, aliphatic higher alcohols, aliphatic higher aldehydes, aliphatic higher hydrocarbons, terpene hydrocarbons, phenol ethers, etc.
  • antibiotics such as zinc bacitracin, aviramycin, enramycin, salinomycin sodium, senduramycin sodium, nalasin, nosiheptide, bicozamycin, flavophosphoripol, monencin sodium, lasaroside sodium, koku. Geostat, etc., as flavoring agents, esters, ethers, ketones, fatty acids, aliphatic higher alcohols, ali
  • Phenols, aromatic alcohols, aromatic aldehydes and lactone flavoring agents, and the enzymes include amylases, alkaline proteases, xylanase, xylanase / pectinase complex enzyme, ⁇ -glucanase, acidic proteases, cellularases, cellularases.
  • Emulsors such as protease / pectinase complex enzyme, neutral protease, phytase, lactase, lipase, and organic acids such as calcium formate, sodium gluconate, potassium dioxide, fumaric acid, butyric acid, lactic acid, acetic acid and salts thereof.
  • Examples include glycerin fatty acid ester and sorbitan fatty acid ester, excipients include corn starch and dextrin, and sugars include sucrose, glucose, maltose, fructose, lactose, maltotriose, raffinose and isomalturose. Martitol, reduced palatinose, sorbitol, xylitol, erythritol, mannitol, isomerized sugar, powdered water candy, etc. Etc., the present invention It can be appropriately blended in the feed according to one embodiment.
  • the form of the feed according to one aspect of the present invention is not particularly limited, and is, for example, any of the commonly used forms such as mash feed, granule feed, fine powder feed, flake feed, pellet feed, and crumble feed.
  • the mash feed is a crushed feed material or a powdered feed mixed or mixed with a powdered feed material.
  • the pellet feed is a solid feed that is pressure-molded into a columnar shape by a granulator (molding machine) after adding water to the feed with steam or the like to control the humidity by heating.
  • the crumble feed is a feed obtained by coarsely crushing a feed formed into pellets so that even small poultry can easily eat it.
  • ⁇ Experiment 1-1 Preparation of feed>
  • the feed is Ross Broiler Nutrition Specifications 2019 (URL: http: //temea.aviagen.com/assets/Tech_Center/Rssr
  • three types of feed, Starter feed for early breeding, Grower feed, and Finesher feed for late breeding and finishing stage were prepared so as to have the compositions shown in Table 1.
  • Each of the prepared samples was used as an additive-free Starter feed, an additive-free Grower feed, and an additive-free Finisher feed.
  • Additive-free Starter feed and additive-free Grower feed with 0.5% by mass of trehalose (trade name "Treha”, sold by Hayashihara Co., Ltd.), live bacterial agent (trade name "Calsporin", active ingredient Bacillus subtilis C) -3102 strain (FERM BP-1096) 1.0 ⁇ 10 10 pieces / g viable agent, sold by Asahi Biocycle Co., Ltd.) becomes 0.01% by mass (1.0 ⁇ 10 6 pieces / g equivalent to feed)
  • trehalose trade name "Treha”
  • live bacterial agent (trade name "Calsporin”, active ingredient Bacillus subtilis C) -3102 strain (FERM BP-1096) 1.0 ⁇ 10 10 pieces / g viable agent, sold by Asahi Biocycle Co., Ltd.) becomes 0.01% by mass (1.0 ⁇ 10 6 pieces / g equivalent to feed)
  • a Starter feed containing trehalose a Starter feed containing a viable agent
  • a Grower feed was prepared.
  • trehalose was not added to the additive-free Finisher feed, and the above-mentioned live bacterial agent was added to 0.01% by mass (1.0 ⁇ ) in the same manner as the Starter feed containing the live bacterial agent and the Grower feed containing the live bacterial agent. It was added so as to be equivalent to 10 6 pieces / g feed) to prepare a Finesher feed containing a viable cell agent.
  • a crumble-shaped Starter feed is used from hatching to 10 days old
  • a pellet-shaped Grower feed is used from 10 days old to 24 days old
  • pellets are used from 24 days old to 42 days old. They were fed a finalist feed and bred for a total of 42 days.
  • one tubular feed container was used for each test group at the above two breeding densities, and the feed was freely ingested. Water was also freely ingested using three nipple drinkers per test plot. Rice husks were used for the bedding.
  • Table 3 shows the above two breeding densities.
  • the average value of the measurement results is shown. The same applies to Experiments 4 and 5 described later, and no significant difference was observed between the two types of breeding densities in terms of weight gain, reduction of feed conversion ratio, and improvement of uniformity.
  • the average value of the measurement results obtained by the breeding density is shown as each measured value.
  • Regarding the numbers of Lactobacillus and Clostridium perfringens in the control group and each group Duncan's multi-range test was performed, and the risk rate p ⁇ 0.05 was judged to be significantly different, and compared with the control group. The cases where there is a significant difference are indicated by * in the table.
  • the number of Lactobacillus bacteria per unit weight of the ileal contents collected from a 24-day-old broiler was 4.7 ⁇ 10 7 cells / g in the control group. there were. On the other hand, it was 9.3 ⁇ 10 7 / g in the viable cell group, 10.2 ⁇ 10 7 / g in the trehalose group, and 15.1 ⁇ 10 7 / g in the combination group. Both were increased compared to the control group, and in particular, the number of good bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus was the highest in the combination group.
  • the number of Clostridium perfringens was 3.8 ⁇ 10 2 pieces / g in the control group.
  • the viable cell group 1.1 ⁇ 10 2 cells / g
  • the trehalose group 0.37 ⁇ 10 2 cells / g
  • a significant decrease was observed as compared with the control group.
  • the combination group 0.22 ⁇ 10 2 cells / g
  • a significant decrease was observed as compared with the control group, and further, the decrease in Clostridium perfringens was more remarkable as compared with the viable cell agent group and the trehalose group.
  • Example 4 Weight gain and feed conversion ratio> The body weights of the broilers in each test group were measured at 0 days, 35 days, and 42 days, respectively, and the average body weight at each age was calculated. The results are shown in Table 4. The amount of weight gain in each period was calculated from the difference in these average body weights. The feed conversion ratio is calculated by dividing the feed intake during the period from 0 to 42 days, 0 to 35 days, or 35 to 42 days by the weight gain during the period. did. For the feed intake, the amount of decrease in feed in each test group during the relevant period was measured, and the average value was calculated.
  • Table 5 shows the weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio for the period from 0 to 42 days, from 0 to 35 days, and from 35 to 42 days, respectively. ⁇ Shown in Table 7. Regarding the weight gain gain and feed conversion ratio in the control group and each group, Duncan's multi-range test was performed, and the risk rate p ⁇ 0.05 was judged to be significantly different, and compared with the control group. Cases with significant differences are indicated by * in the table.
  • the weight gain was 3157 g in the control group during the entire breeding period from 0 to 42 days old.
  • the viable cell agent group it was 3172 g, which was slightly increased as compared with the control group, but it was not a significant change.
  • a significant increase was observed in the trehalose group at 3210 g and in the combination group at 3237 g, as compared with the control group.
  • the trehalose feeding is only in the early stage of breeding from 0 to 24 days old, the effect of weight gain is seen in the trehalose group and the combination group during the entire breeding period from 0 to 42 days old.
  • the feed conversion ratio calculated from the weight gain and the feed intake was 1.492 in the control group.
  • 1.471 in the viable cell agent group, 1.482 in the trehalose group, and 1.467 in the combination group a significant decrease was observed as compared with the control group.
  • the decrease in feed conversion ratio extends to the entire breeding period, and the feed conversion ratio by feeding trehalose and live bacteria in the early breeding period. It was shown that the lowering effect of trehalose persisted until 42 days of age. In particular, the feed conversion ratio was the lowest in the combination group. This result is similar to the result for weight gain, even from the viewpoint of feed conversion ratio, the feeding of feed containing both trehalose and viable bacteria does not necessarily have to be applied over the entire breeding period, only in the early stage of breeding. But it shows that it is good.
  • the weight gain was 2564 g in the control group during the period from 0 days to 35 days.
  • the viable cell agent group increased by 2569 g and the trehalose group increased by 2580 g, both of which increased as compared with the control group, but the increase was slight.
  • the weight gain was 2609 g, which was larger than that in the other two groups.
  • the feed conversion ratio was 1.346 in the control group. On the other hand, it was 1.340 in the trehalose group, and no significant decrease was observed as compared with the control group. On the other hand, a significant decrease was observed in the viable cell agent group at 1.330 and in the combination group at 1.326, as compared with the control group, and the decrease in feed conversion ratio was the largest in the combination group. The result is that although the combined use of trehalose and a viable agent is fed only in the early stage of breeding (0 to 24 days old), the effect is maintained until the late stage of breeding, 35 days old. Is shown.
  • the weight gain was 593 g in the control group during the finishing period from 35 days to 42 days.
  • the viable cell agent group it was 603 g, which was slightly increased as compared with the control group.
  • the weight gain was 630 g in the trehalose group and 628 g in the combination group, and a significant increase was observed as compared with the control group.
  • the feed containing only trehalose or the feed containing both trehalose and a viable agent is fed only in the early breeding period from 0 to 24 days old, the trehalose group and the combination group are 35 days old.
  • the effect of weight gain was also seen in the finishing period from 1 to 42 days. This result shows the surprising fact that the effect of the feed fed in the early breeding period extends to the finishing period.
  • the feed conversion ratio was 2.165 in the control group.
  • it was 2.111 in the viable cell agent group, 2.095 in the trehalose group, and 2.083 in the combination group, and a significant decrease was observed in all of them as compared with the control group.
  • the feed conversion ratio was the lowest in the combination group. This result shows that the effect of reducing the feed conversion ratio is maintained even in the finishing period from 35 days to 42 days, even though the feed containing both trehalose and the viable agent is fed only in the early stage of breeding. It shows that it will be done.
  • Tables 5 to 7 show that the combined use of trehalose and a live bacterial agent in the early stage of breeding is useful for increasing the weight of broilers and reducing the feed conversion ratio throughout the breeding period.
  • the combined use of trehalose and a viable agent in the early stage of breeding increases the weight of the broiler and reduces the feed conversion ratio even in the finishing period before shipment when the feed intake is maximum, so it is economical in breeding broilers. Merit is great.
  • the coefficient of variation which is an index of uniformity, was 8.8% in the control group.
  • the trehalose group was 7.9%, a slight decrease compared to the control group, but it was not a significant change.
  • a significant decrease was observed in the viable cell agent group at 7.2% and in the combination group at 7.0%, as compared with the control group.
  • the coefficient of variation was the lowest in the combination group, indicating that the combination of trehalose and a viable agent is useful for improving uniformity.
  • the combination group is the most in the control group, the live bacillus group, and the trehalose group in terms of uniformity at the end of the breeding period.
  • the fact that the results were good was a completely surprising and new finding.
  • Trehalose (trade name "Treha”, sold by Hayashihara Co., Ltd.) 0.5 g and live fungus agent (trade name "Calsporin", active ingredient is Bacillus subtilis C-3102 strain (FERM BP-1096) 1.0 x 10 10 Pieces / g live bacterial agent, sold by Asahi Biocycle Co., Ltd. 0.03 g (live bacteria number: 3.0 x 10 5 pieces / g equivalent to feed) is mixed with 1 kg of commercially available feed for young chicks. A compound feed for use was prepared. In addition, a compound feed for adult chickens was prepared by blending it with a commercially available adult chicken feed so that the viable fungal agents had the same content. Since these compound feeds contain trehalose and viable bacteria, feeding according to the breeding stage can reduce bad bacteria in the intestinal flora of poultry and improve productivity. ..
  • Trehalose (trade name "Treha”, sold by Hayashihara Co., Ltd.) 10.0 g and live fungus agent (trade name "Calsporin", active ingredient is Bacillus subtilis C-3102 strain (FERM BP-1096) 1.0 x 10 10
  • Individuals / g viable bacteria agent sold by Asahi Biocycle Co., Ltd.
  • 10.0 g viable cell count: 1.0 x 10 9 cells / g equivalent to feed
  • a compound feed for use was prepared.
  • a compound feed for adult chickens was prepared by blending it with a commercially available adult chicken feed so that the viable fungal agents had the same content. Since these compound feeds contain trehalose and a viable bacterial agent, feeding them according to the breeding stage can reduce bad bacteria in poultry and improve productivity.
  • Trehalose per feed solid content (trade name "Treha”, Co., Ltd.) for powdered feed mixed with 1.4 parts by mass, 0.5 parts by mass of tertiary calcium phosphate, and 0.5 parts by mass of vitamin / mineral premix.
  • Trehalose and a viable agent (trade name "Calsporin", active ingredient is Bacillus) so that the content is 0.8% by mass and the number of viable bacteria per 1 g of feed solid is 1.0 x 107 .
  • Subtilis C-3102 strain (FERM BP-1096) 1.0 ⁇ 10 10 pieces / g live bacterial agent, sold by Asahi Biocycle Co., Ltd.) was mixed with the powdered feed to prepare a compound feed. Since this product contains trehalose and a viable agent, it can reduce bad bacteria in the intestinal flora of poultry and improve productivity.
  • Trehalose per feed solid content (trade name "Treha”, Co., Ltd.) for powdered feed mixed with 1.4 parts by mass, 0.5 parts by mass of tertiary calcium phosphate, and 0.5 parts by mass of vitamin / mineral premix.
  • Trehalose and a viable agent (trade name "Calsporin", active ingredient is Bacillus subtilis) so that the content is 0.2% by mass and the viable cell count per 1 g of feed solid is 5.0 ⁇ 105.
  • C-3102 strain (FERM BP-1096) 1.0 ⁇ 10 10 pieces / g viable agent, sold by Asahi Biocycle Co., Ltd.) was mixed with the powdered feed to prepare a compound feed. Since this product contains trehalose and a viable agent, it can reduce bad bacteria in poultry and improve productivity.
  • Trehalose (trade name "Treha”, sold by Hayashihara Co., Ltd.) 0.5 g and live fungus agent (trade name "Calsporin", active ingredient is Bacillus subtilis C-3102 strain (FERM BP-1096) 1.0 x 10 10 Pieces / g live bacterial agent, sold by Asahi Biocycle Co., Ltd. 0.03 g (live bacteria number: 3.0 x 10 5 pieces / g equivalent to feed) is mixed with 1 kg of commercially available poultry feed and heated. It was supplied to a pellet mill, which is a mold granulator, to obtain granulated products. The granulated product was dried to prepare a cylindrical pellet feed.
  • Bacillus subtilis C-3102 strain (FERM BP-1096) 1.0 x 10 10 10 Pieces / g live bacterial agent, sold by Asahi Biocycle Co., Ltd. 0.03 g (live bacteria number: 3.0 x 10 5 pieces / g equivalent to feed) is mixed with 1 kg of commercially available
  • this product is in the form of pellets, powdering is suppressed, it is highly storable, it is easy to handle even in small amounts, and because it contains trehalose and a live bacterial agent, it reduces bad bacteria in the intestinal flora of poultry. At the same time, productivity can be improved.
  • Trehalose (trade name “Treha”, sold by Hayashihara Co., Ltd.) 10.0 g and live fungus agent (trade name "Calsporin", active ingredient is Bacillus subtilis C-3102 strain (FERM BP-1096) 1.0 x 10 10 100 g (live bacteria number: 1.0 x 10 9 cells / g equivalent to feed) mixed with 1 kg of commercially available poultry feed and heated. It was supplied to a pellet mill, which is a mold granulator, to obtain granulated products. The above-mentioned granulated product was dried and further crushed with a crusher (crumbler) to prepare a crumble feed.
  • FERM BP-1096 Bacillus subtilis C-3102 strain
  • this product is a granulated crushed product, powdering is suppressed, it is easy to handle even in a small amount, and since it contains trehalose and a live bacterial agent, it reduces bad bacteria in the intestinal flora of poultry and also reduces bad bacteria. Productivity can be improved.
  • Trehalose (trade name "Treha”, sold by Hayashihara Co., Ltd.) 10.0 g and livestock agent (trade name "Calsporin", active ingredient is Bacillus subtilis C-3102 strain (FERM BP-1096) 1.0 x 10 10 Pieces / g livestock agent, sold by Asahi Biocycle Co., Ltd.) 10.0 g (livestock number: 1.0 x 10 9 pieces / g equivalent to feed) is mixed with 1 kg of commercially available milk replacer, and livestock during the lactation period. A feed was prepared. Since this feed contains trehalose and a viable bacterial agent, feeding it to a cow or pig during the lactation period can reduce bad bacteria in the intestinal flora of livestock and improve productivity.
  • livestock agent trade name "Calsporin”
  • active ingredient is Bacillus subtilis C-3102 strain (FERM BP-1096) 1.0 x 10 10 Pieces / g livestock agent, sold by Asahi Biocycle Co., Ltd.) 10.0 g (livestock number:
  • Trehalose (trade name "Treha”, sold by Hayashihara Co., Ltd.) 10.0 g and livestock agent (trade name "Calsporin", active ingredient is Bacillus subtilis C-3102 strain (FERM BP-1096) 1.0 x 10 10 Pieces / g livestock agent, sold by Asahi Biocycle Co., Ltd.) 10.0 g (live cell count: 1.0 x 10 9 pieces / g feed equivalent) is mixed with 1 kg of concentrated feed to prepare livestock feed. did. Since this feed contains trehalose and a viable bacterial agent, feeding it to fattening cattle or pigs can reduce bad bacteria in the intestinal flora of livestock and improve productivity.
  • livestock agent (trade name "Calsporin”, active ingredient is Bacillus subtilis C-3102 strain (FERM BP-1096) 1.0 x 10 10 Pieces / g livestock agent, sold by Asahi Biocycle Co., Ltd.) 10.0 g (live cell count: 1.0 x 10 9 pieces / g feed equivalent) is mixed
  • the intestinal flora of poultry is improved, and the weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and feed conversion ratio of livestock and / or poultry are improved.
  • the uniformity can be improved.
  • the present invention which provides a method for improving the productivity of livestock and / or poultry and a method for improving the intestinal flora, will contribute to the field of livestock and its industrial significance is extremely great.
  • Starter feed Initial feed (chicken feed) to be fed from 0 to 10 days after birth in the first half of breeding.
  • Grower feed Breeding feed (growth feed) fed from 10 to 24 days of age in the first half of breeding
  • Finesher feed Feed fed from the age of 24 days in the late breeding period (late feed)

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