WO2022135943A1 - Masse de captation de silicium - Google Patents
Masse de captation de silicium Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022135943A1 WO2022135943A1 PCT/EP2021/084889 EP2021084889W WO2022135943A1 WO 2022135943 A1 WO2022135943 A1 WO 2022135943A1 EP 2021084889 W EP2021084889 W EP 2021084889W WO 2022135943 A1 WO2022135943 A1 WO 2022135943A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- capture mass
- capture
- less
- porous support
- weight
- Prior art date
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- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 36
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 35
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 title description 35
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002459 porosimetry Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001926 trapping method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 20
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 18
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical class O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 17
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 13
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 11
- -1 polydimethylsiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 10
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 9
- 150000003961 organosilicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 9
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 8
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- GNFTZDOKVXKIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-methoxyethoxy)benzohydrazide Chemical compound COCCOC1=CC=CC(C(=O)NN)=C1 GNFTZDOKVXKIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 6
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 5
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon disulfide Chemical compound S=C=S QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl sulfide Chemical compound CSC QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- WQOXQRCZOLPYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl disulfide Chemical compound CSSC WQOXQRCZOLPYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003498 natural gas condensate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004876 x-ray fluorescence Methods 0.000 description 3
- FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001593 boehmite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001679 gibbsite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010335 hydrothermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- CXQXSVUQTKDNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N octamethyltrisiloxane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)C CXQXSVUQTKDNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004987 plasma desorption mass spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000004819 silanols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004230 steam cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018626 Al(OH) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.O.O.[Al] Chemical compound O.O.O.[Al] MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- IJCVBMSXIPFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].S=O Chemical compound [C].S=O IJCVBMSXIPFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CKQGJVKHBSPKST-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ni].P#[Mo] Chemical compound [Ni].P#[Mo] CKQGJVKHBSPKST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003637 basic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001833 catalytic reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001860 citric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005384 cross polarization magic-angle spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011143 downstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- CWAFVXWRGIEBPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxysilane Chemical class CCO[SiH3] CWAFVXWRGIEBPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011066 ex-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004231 fluid catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008246 gaseous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002211 methanization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- DDTIGTPWGISMKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Mo] DDTIGTPWGISMKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002898 organic sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005504 petroleum refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- AMWVZPDSWLOFKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphanylidynemolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]#P AMWVZPDSWLOFKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004597 plastic additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013502 plastic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003716 rejuvenation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/06—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/06—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
- B01J20/08—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04 comprising aluminium oxide or hydroxide; comprising bauxite
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28002—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J20/28011—Other properties, e.g. density, crush strength
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28057—Surface area, e.g. B.E.T specific surface area
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28057—Surface area, e.g. B.E.T specific surface area
- B01J20/28061—Surface area, e.g. B.E.T specific surface area being in the range 100-500 m2/g
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28078—Pore diameter
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28078—Pore diameter
- B01J20/28083—Pore diameter being in the range 2-50 nm, i.e. mesopores
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28088—Pore-size distribution
- B01J20/2809—Monomodal or narrow distribution, uniform pores
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
- B01J20/3202—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the carrier, support or substrate used for impregnation or coating
- B01J20/3204—Inorganic carriers, supports or substrates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
- B01J20/3231—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the coating or impregnating layer
- B01J20/3234—Inorganic material layers
- B01J20/3236—Inorganic material layers containing metal, other than zeolites, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, sulphides or salts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G25/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils in the absence of hydrogen, with solid sorbents
- C10G25/003—Specific sorbent material, not covered by C10G25/02 or C10G25/03
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G25/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils in the absence of hydrogen, with solid sorbents
- C10G25/02—Refining of hydrocarbon oils in the absence of hydrogen, with solid sorbents with ion-exchange material
- C10G25/03—Refining of hydrocarbon oils in the absence of hydrogen, with solid sorbents with ion-exchange material with crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
- C10G25/05—Removal of non-hydrocarbon compounds, e.g. sulfur compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1037—Hydrocarbon fractions
- C10G2300/104—Light gasoline having a boiling range of about 20 - 100 °C
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
- C10G2300/201—Impurities
- C10G2300/202—Heteroatoms content, i.e. S, N, O, P
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/02—Gasoline
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for removing silica compounds, and in particular organosilicon compounds, from gaseous or liquid hydrocarbon feedstocks on a capture mass.
- Certain hydrocarbon feedstocks are likely to contain impurities which can be poisons for the catalysts which must be used to refine them.
- Sulfur and nitrogen are impurities very often present in feedstocks from petroleum refining but also those from, for example, the combustion of solid feedstocks such as biomass, waste or even a mixture of plastics.
- These feeds can also contain silicon which is a poison of many catalysts such as for example those of hydrogenation, hydrotreating and catalytic reforming.
- one of the sources of contamination of hydrocarbon feedstocks by silicon is the addition of defoamers to the feedstocks before their treatment.
- certain processes implemented in petroleum processes agitation, distillation, combustion, cracking
- agitation, distillation, combustion, cracking used during the refining of crude oil can lead to the formation of emulsions. This is the case, for example, during the generation of vapors and in the presence of natural surfactants (asphaltenes and resins).
- foam can cause many operation and maintenance problems and affect efficiency.
- Antifoaming agents are often based on silicon, more generally called silicones because of their surface properties and their relative thermal stability, the most used in the oil industry being polydimethylsiloxane or PDMS.
- the temperature (> 300°C) within the refining processes nevertheless leads to a degradation of the polymer into a mixture of lighter organosilicon compounds.
- the major degradation compounds are cyclic siloxanes (See for example, G. Camino, S.M. Lomakin, M. Lazzari, “Polydimethylsiloxane thermal degradation Part 1. Kinetic aspects,” Polymer 2001 42(6), p .2395-2402).
- Other types of compounds can be formed such as, for example, linear siloxanes and silanols.
- the quantities of silicon found in the various effluents upstream of these units depend on their number and the cut points chosen. For example, a silicon content of up to 50 ppm by weight is measured in gasoline cuts from coking units (Coker naphtha), on average from 10 to 15 ppm by weight.
- Silicon can come in two distinct forms: so-called mineral silicon, which can result, for example, from refractory ball debris or plastic additives. It is physically present but does not seem to have to disturb the activity or the selectivity of the catalyst concerned; and silicon usually called organic. Silicon is then included in organosilicon compounds. Said silicon can react with the surface groups of the catalysts, in particular with surface hydroxyls (see for example, L. Kellberg, P. Zeuthe, H. J.
- a dedicated capture mass is positioned upstream of said catalysts.
- the silicon-polluted charge will therefore first be brought into contact with this mass before being brought into contact with the catalysts to be protected.
- Said contact with the capture mass can be made in a first bed placed before the bed or beds of catalysts to be protected.
- Said contact can also be carried out in a dedicated, independent enclosure as described for example in patent EP 1 925 654. The effluent resulting from this stage of capturing organosilicon compounds is then purified.
- US Pat. No. 5,118,406 describes the sequence of two catalysts based on refractory oxide containing at least one metal from group VIB and/or at least one metal from group VII IB and at least one compound based on phosphorus.
- the first catalyst less active and having a larger available surface because less charged with metals, is rather intended for the elimination of silicon and the second more active and having a lower available surface because more loaded with metals is rather used for hydrotreating.
- US Patent 5,118,406 also describes the use of a support based on essentially gamma alumina having the characteristic of a total pore volume greater than 0.2 cc/g consisting of at least 75% of pores of size between 5 and 11 nm, pores with an average diameter of between 6.5 and 9 nm and SBET > 100 m 2 /g.
- US patent 2018/237706 describes an Si capture mass also based on inert alumina with less than 1% by weight of a metal from group VI II B (group 8, 9,10) and/or less than 5 % by weight of a group 6 metal.
- the recommended support has an SBET > 250 m 2 /g, pores of size between 7 and 12 nm and must be shaped with a diameter of less than 1.6 mm to avoid dissemination issues.
- a first object of the present description is to overcome the problems of the prior art and to provide an improved method for capturing silica compounds, and in particular organosilicon compounds.
- a mass for capturing silica compounds comprising a porous support based on alumina and at least one metal chosen from metals of groups VIB and VII IB, and having a grain density of at least 1.20 g/mL, a specific surface area of at least 300 m 2 /g and pores of average size less than 6.5 nm.
- the Applicant has developed capture masses comprising a support with specific textural properties and preferably with improved metal contents, resulting in an increase in the performance in capturing silica compounds, and in particular organosilicon compounds.
- a capture mass according to the invention comprising a porous support based on alumina and at least one metal chosen from metals of groups VIB and VI II B, and having a density of grain of at least 1.20 g/mL, a specific surface area of at least 300 m 2 /g and pores with an average size of less than 6.5 nm, has an improved capture capacity.
- a capture mass according to the invention the synthetic support of which is based essentially on alumina, with particular textural properties including a grain density greater than 1.15 g/mL , and preferably greater than 1.2 g/mL, a specific surface greater than 330 m 2 /g and pores of average size less than 6.5 nm, also has an improved capture capacity.
- the capture mass has a grain density of at least 1.25 g/mL.
- the capture mass has a specific surface of at least 310 m 2 /g.
- the capture mass has pores of average size less than or equal to 6.0 nm.
- the capture mass has a monomodal pore size distribution.
- the capture mass has a content of less than 10% by weight of group VI B metal, expressed as oxide, and/or a content of less than 5% by weight of group VII I B metal, expressed as oxide.
- the capture mass has a content of less than 15% by weight of P expressed as oxide P2O5.
- the capture mass has a total pore volume of between 0.15 cm 3 /g and 0.6 cm 3 /g.
- a method for preparing a mass for capturing siliceous compounds comprising the following steps: a) a support is provided alumina-based porous material having a grain density of at least 1.15 g/mL, a specific surface area of at least 330 m 2 /g and pores of average size less than 6.5 nm; b) an aqueous solution is prepared containing at least one precursor of dissolved metal M chosen from metals of groups VI B and VI 11 B; c) the solution obtained at the end of step b) is impregnated on the porous support resulting from step a); d) the impregnated support resulting from step c) is allowed to mature; e) the solid resulting from step d) is dried.
- the porous support has a grain density of at least 1.20 g/mL.
- the porous support has a specific surface of at least 340 m 2 /g.
- the porous support has pores of average size less than or equal to 6.0 nm.
- the capture mass comprises a porous support based on alumina and at least one metal chosen from metals of groups VI B and VIIIB, and having a grain density of at least 1.20 g/mL, a specific surface area of at least 300 m 2 /g and pores of average size less than 6.5 nm.
- the aforementioned objects, as well as other advantages, are obtained by a process for capturing silica compounds in a gaseous or liquid charge by bringing the charge into contact with a capture mass according to the first aspect or a capture mass obtainable or prepared by the method according to the second aspect.
- the contacting is carried out at a temperature of between 20° C. and 500° C., an absolute pressure of between 0.1 MPa and 20 MPa, and a liquid hourly space velocity of between 0. 1 h' 1 and 50 h' 1 or a gaseous hourly space velocity between 10 h -1 and 5000 h' 1 .
- specific surface means the B.E.T. determined by nitrogen adsorption in accordance with standard ASTM D 3663-78 established from the BRUNAUER-EMMETT-TELLER method described in the periodical “The Journal of American Society”, 60, 309, (1938).
- the pore volume, the grain density, the average size (or average diameter) of the pores, and the pore distribution are determined by mercury porosimetry (see Schûth F., Sing K., Weitkamp J. “Handbook of Porous Solids; Chapter 2.7: Mercury Porosimetry", p.309-350, Wiley-VCH, 2002; see Rouquerol F.; Rouquerol J.; Singh K. "Adsorption by Powders & Porous Solids: Principle, methodology and applications", Academic Press, 1999) .
- the pore volume (the grain density, the average pore size, and the pore distribution) is measured by mercury porosimetry according to the ASTM D4284-92 standard with a wetting angle of 140°, for example by means of an Autopore IIITM model device from the MicromériticsTM brand.
- group VI 11 B according to the CAS classification corresponds to the metals of columns 8, 9 and 10 according to the new IUPAC classification
- group VIB according to the CAS classification corresponds to the metals of column 6 according to the new IUPAC classification.
- the term “include” is synonymous with (means the same as) “include” and “contain”, and is inclusive or open and does not exclude other elements not mentioned. It is understood that the term “include” includes the exclusive and closed term “consist”.
- the term “based on” is synonymous with “comprises at least 50% by weight of”. By default, the percentages given are % weight.
- the terms “essentially” or “substantially” correspond to an approximation of ⁇ 5%, preferably ⁇ 1%, most preferably ⁇ 0.5%.
- an effluent comprising essentially or consisting of compounds A corresponds to an effluent comprising at least 95% by weight of compounds A.
- group VI II B metals, group VI B and phosphorus are measured by X-ray fluorescence.
- the contents of group VI B metal, group VI II B metal and phosphorus in the capture mass are expressed in oxides after correction of the loss on ignition of the catalyst sample at 550°C for two hours in a muffle furnace. Loss on ignition is due to moisture loss. It is determined according to ASTM D7348.
- the present invention relates to a mass for capturing organosilicon complexes, present in gaseous or liquid hydrocarbon cuts, a process for preparing said capture mass, as well as its use for the treatment of hydrocarbon cuts and in particular for the elimination of organosilicon complexes. .
- the capture mass according to the invention comprises a porous support based essentially on alumina, at least one metal from among the metals of groups VIB and VI 11 B.
- the metal or metals of group VIB are preferably chosen from molybdenum and tungsten .
- the group VI 11 B metal or metals are preferably chosen from iron, cobalt and nickel.
- the capture mass according to the invention comprises a metal from among the metals of group VIB and a metal from among the metals from group VI II B.
- the capture mass according to the invention includes nickel and molybdenum.
- the group VIB metal content, expressed as oxide is less than 10% by weight relative to the total weight of the capture mass. According to one or more embodiments, the group VIB metal content, expressed as oxide, is between 0.1 and 10% by weight, preferably between 1 and 7% by weight and more preferably between 2 and 5% by weight. . Preferably, the group VIB metal content, expressed as oxide, is greater than 3% by weight and less than 4% by weight, such as between 3.1% and 3.9% by weight, relative to the total weight of the capture mass.
- the group VI I IB metal content, expressed as oxide is less than 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the capture mass.
- the group VII IB metal content, expressed as oxide is between 0.01 and 5% by weight, preferably between 0.1 and 3% by weight and more preferably between 0 .2 and 1% by weight.
- Group VII IB metal content expressed as oxide is greater than 0.5% by weight and less than 1% by weight, such as between 0.6 and 0.95% by weight, relative to the total weight of the capture mass.
- the capture mass according to the invention advantageously comprises at least one phosphorus compound.
- the phosphorus content, expressed as P2O5 oxide is less than 15% by weight relative to the total weight of the capture mass.
- the P content, expressed as oxide P2O5 is between 0.1 and 15% by weight, preferably between 0.05 and 10% by weight and more preferably between 0.1 and 7% by weight, such as between 0.2 and 5% by weight or even between 0.5 and 3% by weight, relative to the total weight of the capture mass.
- the capture mass has a specific surface area of at least 300 m 2 /g, preferably at least 310 m 2 /g. According to one or more embodiments, the capture mass has a specific surface of between 310 m 2 /g and 400 m 2 /g, preferably between 315 m 2 /g and 330 m 2 /g, such as 320 ⁇ 3 m 2 /g.
- the capture mass has a grain density of at least 1.20 g/mL and preferably of at least 1.25 g/mL. According to one or more embodiments, the capture mass has a grain density of between 1.25 g/mL and 1.60 g/mL or between 1.25 g/mL and 1.50 g/mL, preferably between 1.30 g/mL and 1.40 g/mL, such as 1.35 ⁇ 3 g/mL.
- the pores of the capture mass have an average size (or average diameter) of less than 6.5 nm, preferably less than or equal to 6 nm. According to one or more embodiments, the pores of the capture mass have an average size of between 1 nm and 6 nm, preferably between 3 nm and 6 nm, very preferably between 5 and 6 nm (e.g. between 5, 5 and 5.9 nm).
- the capture mass has a monomodal pore size distribution.
- the pores of the capture mass having an average size of less than 6.5 nm, preferably less than or equal to 6 nm, preferably between 1 nm and 6 nm, have a size distribution of monomodal pore.
- the capture mass has a total pore volume (TPV) of between 0.15 cm 3 /g and 0.6 cm 3 /g, preferably between 0.2 cm 3 /g and 0 .5 cm 3 /g.
- TSV total pore volume
- at least 80%, preferably at least 85% and even more preferably at least 90%, of the total pore volume corresponds to the volume of pores with a diameter of less than 10 nm.
- the capture mass is in the form of extrudates of cylindrical shape, hollow cylinder, cart wheel, trilobal or multilobal or any other geometric shape used by those skilled in the art.
- the capture mass has a diameter of between 0.5 and 10 mm, preferably between 0.8 and 3.2 mm, and/or a length of between 1 mm and 20 mm, preferably between 1 and 10 mm, in particular when the capture mass is implemented in a fixed bed.
- the capture mass is in the form of a ball. According to one or more embodiments, the capture mass has a diameter of between 0.5 and 10 mm, preferably between 0.8 and 3.2 mm.
- the porous support used for the preparation of the capture mass is based on alumina.
- the porous support is essentially alumina.
- the porous support is based on transition alumina.
- the porous support consists essentially of transition alumina.
- the alumina or aluminas of the porous support used for the preparation of the capture mass are of the , r], y or 5 type.
- they are of the y or 5 type.
- they are y-type (gamma).
- the porous support consists essentially of a plurality of juxtaposed agglomerates.
- the porous support used for the preparation of the capture mass comprises aluminum oxyhydroxide not transformed into transition alumina. According to one or more embodiments, the porous support comprises less than 10% by weight, preferably less than 5% by weight, very preferably less than 1% by weight of aluminum oxyhydroxide. According to one or more embodiments, the porous support does not contain aluminum oxyhydroxide.
- the porous support used for preparing the capture mass has a specific surface area of at least 330 m 2 /g, preferably at least 340 m 2 /g. According to one or more embodiments, the porous support has a specific surface of less than 400 m 2 /g. Such a selection of the specific surface makes it possible to obtain a preferential number of surface hydroxyls which are the sites of adsorption of the organosilicon compounds.
- the porous support used for the preparation of the capture mass also has a grain density of at least 1.15 g/mL and preferably of at least 1.20 g/mL. According to one or more embodiments, the porous support has a grain density of between 1.20 and 1.50 g/mL.
- the porous support used for the preparation of the capture mass has a monomodal pore size distribution.
- the pores of the porous support have an average diameter of less than 6.5 nm, preferably less than or equal to 6 nm.
- the pores of the porous support have an average size of between 1 nm and 6 nm, preferably between 3 nm and 6 nm, very preferably between 5 and 6 nm.
- the porous support used for preparing the capture mass has a total pore volume (TPV) of between 0.15 cm 3 /g and 0.6 cm 3 /g, preferably between 0 .2 cm 3 /g and 0.5 cm 3 /g.
- TSV total pore volume
- at least 80%, preferably at least 85% and even more preferably at least 90% of the total pore volume corresponds to the volume of pores with a diameter of less than 10 nm.
- the porous support used for the preparation of the capture mass is in the form of a ball, or extrudates of cylindrical shape, hollow cylinder, cart wheel, trilobed or multilobed or any other geometric shape used by those skilled in the art.
- the capture mass and/or the porous support used for the preparation of the capture mass exhibit(s) a grain-to-grain crushing (EGG) of at least 0.68 daN/mm and/or a crushing strength (ESH) of at least 1 MPa.
- GSG grain-to-grain crushing
- ESH crushing strength
- the method of measuring grain-to-grain crushing consists of measuring the form of maximum compression that a shaped particle (such as an extrudate) can withstand before it breaks, when the product is placed between two planes moving at the constant speed of 5 cm/min.
- the compression is applied perpendicular to one of the particle generatrices, and the grain-to-grain crushing is expressed as the ratio of the force to the length of the particle generatrix.
- the method of measuring the crushing strength (ESH) consists in subjecting a certain quantity of shaped particles (such as extrudates) to an increasing pressure above a sieve and recovering the fines resulting from the crushing of particles.
- the crushing strength corresponds to the force exerted to obtain a level of fines representing 0.5% of the weight of the particles subjected to the test.
- the capture mass according to the invention can be prepared by any method known to those skilled in the art, and more particularly according to the methods described below.
- a preparation process comprising the following steps: a) a porous support based on alumina is provided; b) an aqueous solution is prepared containing at least one dissolved metal precursor M chosen from metals of groups VIB and VIIIB, and optionally containing a phosphorus compound; c) the solution obtained at the end of step b) is impregnated on the porous support resulting from step a); d) the impregnated support resulting from step c) is allowed to mature, for example in a closed enclosure and optionally saturated with water and/or at a temperature of between 20° C. and 60° C. and/or for a period of between 0.5h and 8h; e) the solid from step d) is dried, for example at a temperature between 70°C and 250°C.
- the group VIB metal, the group VIIIB metal and optionally the phosphorus compound are impregnated together or separately, each impregnation step c) preferably being followed by a maturation step d) .
- each maturation step d) is followed by a drying step e).
- each drying step e) is followed by a calcining step f).
- the method of preparation comprises only a single step of impregnation c) and/or maturation d) and/or drying e) and/or calcination.
- the method of preparation comprises only a single step of impregnation c), maturation d), drying e) and calcination.
- the porous support based on alumina can be synthesized by various methods, for example to form a flash alumina or a gel alumina, known to those skilled in the art.
- a first method of synthesis of the alumina support is as follows.
- a precursor of aluminum trihydroxide Al(OH) 3 type, otherwise called hydrargillite or gibbsite, for example resulting from the process commonly called “Bayer”, is dehydrated, preferably rapidly (eg flash treatment).
- the dehydrated precursor is shaped, for example by granulation, then it is subjected to a hydrothermal treatment and finally to calcination to obtain the desired alumina.
- a second method of synthesizing the alumina support is as follows.
- a gel is first of all obtained from a precursor of gamma-oxy(hydroxide) of aluminum AIO(OH), otherwise called boehmite, having specific surface areas comprised between 150 and 600 m 2 /g.
- the boehmite gel can for example be obtained by precipitation of basic and/or acidic solutions of aluminum salts induced by a change in pH or any other method known to those skilled in the art.
- the gel is obtained by a sequence of hydrolysis and condensation reactions of aluminum alkoxides. The gel can then be shaped, for example by kneading-extrusion.
- a series of thermal or hydrothermal treatments of the product are carried out leading to the production of alumina.
- This method is also described in the part entitled “Alumina” by P. Euzen, P. Raybaud, X. Krokidis, H. Toulhoat, JL Le Loarer, JP Jolivet and C. Froidefond, in “Handbook of Porous Solids” (F. Schuth, KSW Sing and J. Weitkamp, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, Germany, 2002).
- This method makes it possible to produce an alumina commonly called “alumina gel”.
- the porous solid support according to the invention may contain impurities.
- the porous solid support according to the invention can comprise, for example, sodium and/or sulfur depending on the synthesis route chosen.
- the content by weight of the porous solid support of sodium oxide Na2O can be between 0 ppm by weight and 5000 ppm by weight, preferably between 100 ppm by weight and 5000 ppm by weight, and more preferably between 1000 ppm by weight and 5000 ppm. in weight.
- the sulfur content by weight of the porous solid support can be between 0 and 1% by weight, preferably between 0 and 0.5% by weight and even more preferably between 0 and 0.25% by weight (eg between 0.01 and 0.2% by weight).
- step b) is carried out by adjusting the quantities of precursors according to the quantity of metal desired on the mass in the final state.
- All the types of metal precursors available can be used, alone or as a mixture: carbonates, hydroxides, nitrates, hydroxy-nitrates, chlorides, acetates, citrates.
- the precursors are chosen from carbonates, hydroxides, nitrates, hydroxy-nitrates. Even more preferably, the precursors are hydroxides.
- the impregnation solution also contains a precursor of a phosphorus compound.
- the impregnation solution contains phosphoric acid.
- the phosphorus content is adjusted, without however limiting the scope of the invention, so as to form a dissolved mixed compound, for example molybdenum-phosphorus or molybdenum-nickel-phosphorus.
- These mixed compounds can be heteropolyanions.
- the molar ratio between phosphorus and molybdenum is between 0.001 and 2 or between 0.01 and 1, preferably between 0.02 and 0.75, and even more preferably between 0.05 and 0.6.
- hydrogen peroxide is added to the impregnation solution.
- the hydrogen peroxide content is adjusted, without however limiting the scope of the invention, so as to form a compound dissolved and/or on the substrate, for example molybdenum-nickel.
- These compounds can be heteropolyanions.
- the hydrogen peroxide/Mo molar ratio is between 0.01 and 2, preferably between 0.05 and 1, and more preferably between 0.1 and 0.75.
- the metal precursor solution is introduced by dry impregnation.
- the maturation of the impregnated support resulting from step c), for example in the closed enclosure optionally saturated with water, is preferably carried out during step d) at a temperature between 25° C. and 50° C. for a period between 1 hour and 4 hours.
- the drying of the solid resulting from stage c) or d), during stage e) is preferably carried out between 70° C. and 130° C. and more preferably between 70° C. and 110° C., under flow wet or dry gas.
- the solid resulting from step d) is dried under dry or humid air.
- the solid is dried in air containing a relative humidity at 25° C. of between 10% and 80%, preferably between 15% and 50%.
- the solid resulting from step e) is calcined.
- the calcination of the solid resulting from step e) is preferably carried out under a dry gas stream or moist at a temperature between 300 and 600°C.
- the solid resulting from step e) is calcined in dry or humid air.
- the solid is calcined in air containing a relative humidity at 25° C. of between 10% and 80%, preferably between 15% and 50%.
- the solid obtained at the end of step e) is calcined, in air at a temperature between 300 and 600°C, preferably at a temperature between 300 and 500°C, such as between 300 and 450°C or between 350 and 500°C.
- the capture mass in the oxide state resulting from stage f) or the solid resulting from stage e) is subjected to a sulfurization stage g) (final) to be under the active form to hydrogenate the charge to be treated and limit the formation of coke and/or reduce the rate of coke formation.
- This sulfurization method can be carried out by any method leading to the formation of metal sulphide.
- the addition of sulfur is generally carried out by hydrogen sulphide or any organo-sulphur precursor known to those skilled in the art such as, for example, DMS (dimethylsulphide) or DMDS (dimethyldisulphide).
- the sulfurization step is carried out in the gas phase ex-situ or in-situ, preferably it is carried out in the gas phase in-situ, that is to say in the capture unit. It is understood that the sulfurization step can be carried out in the liquid phase.
- the capture mass in the oxide state is sulfurized by means of hydrogen sulphide in a mixture with dihydrogen.
- the proportion of hydrogen sulphide is at most 25% by weight, preferably at most 20% by weight and even more preferably at most 15% by weight.
- the capture mass in the oxide state is sulfurized in the presence of dihydrogen and at least one sulfur compound, for example diluted in a liquid hydrocarbon.
- the hydrocarbon used for the sulfurization is based on n-heptane.
- the sulfur compound is DMS or DMDS, up to 0 to 10% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 7% by weight and even more preferably from 1 to 5% by weight.
- the liquid hydrocarbon is stripped beforehand with nitrogen. The liquid mixture (liquid hydrocarbon and sulfur compound) generally becomes gaseous at the sulfurization temperature.
- the sulfurization step g) is carried out with a volume ratio between the dihydrogen and the sulfurization solution of between 0.1 and 1000 Nm 3 /m 3 , preferably between 1 and 750 Nm 3 /m 3 and even more preferably between 10 and 500 Nm 3 /m 3 .
- the sulfurization step g) is carried out at an absolute pressure of between 0.1 MPa and 20 MPa, preferentially between 0.5 MPa and 10 MPa, and more preferentially between 1 MPa and 5 MPa . According to one or more embodiments, if step g) is carried out in situ, it is preferably carried out at the same pressure as that of the step of using the capture mass.
- the sulfurization step g) is carried out at a temperature between 30° C. and 500° C., preferably between 150° C. and 450° C. and even more preferably between 200° C. C and 400°C.
- the sulfurization step g) is carried out at an LHSV (or “Liquid Hourly Space velocity” according to the English terminology) of between 0.1 h′ 1 and 50 h′ 1 , of preferably between 0.5 h′ 1 and 20 h′ 1 and even more preferably between 1 h′ 1 and 10 h′ 1 .
- LHSV means the liquid hourly space velocity of the sulfurization charge (liquid mixture) relative to the volume of the capture mass, i.e. the volume of the liquid charge divided by the volume of the reactor and per hour.
- the reactor volume includes the volume of the capture mass and the "empty" volume between the grains.
- the sulfurization step g) is carried out at a GHSV (or “Gas Hourly Space Velocity” according to the English terminology) of between 10 h ⁇ 1 and 5000 h ⁇ 1 , preferably between 50 h ⁇ 1 and 2000 h ⁇ 1 and even more preferably between 100 h ⁇ 1 and 1000 h′ 1 .
- GHSV means the gaseous hourly space velocity of the sulfurization charge (gaseous mixture) relative to the volume of the capture mass, i.e. the volume of the gaseous charge divided by the volume of the reactor and per hour.
- the capture mass according to the invention which can be prepared as described above, can advantageously be used as a mass for capturing silica compounds.
- the present invention also relates to a process for capturing silica compounds, and in particular organosilicon compounds present in a gaseous or liquid feedstock using the capture mass according to the invention.
- the gaseous or liquid feed to be treated may contain silica compounds, in different forms.
- silicon can be found in inorganic form, that is to say silica and in organic form.
- silicon can be contained in polymers, for example polydimethylsiloxane or in smaller molecules such as linear or cyclic siloxanes, silanes, ethoxysilanes, silanols or silanediols, etc.
- the concentration of silica compounds in the gaseous or liquid feed to be treated can be variable.
- the gaseous charge to be treated may preferably contain between 10 ng and 1 g of silicon per Nm 3 of gas.
- the liquid charge to be treated may preferably contain between 10 ng and 40 g, or even up to 100 g, of silicon per m 3 of liquid. Silicon in its various forms, in particular organic, being harmful for reasons of efficiency of the treatments of these fillers, it can advantageously be eliminated thanks to the use of the capture mass according to the invention, or at least its content can be scaled down.
- the feed to be treated may contain other elements such as sulfur, nitrogen, chlorine in different forms.
- the sulfur can be present in the form of organosulphur compounds, for example in the form of mercaptans, sulphides, disulphides, thiophenic compounds.
- the sulfur content of the feed can be between 0% by weight and 10% by weight
- the nitrogen content can be between 0% by weight and 10% by weight
- the chlorine content can be between 0% by weight and 1% by weight.
- neither the nitrogen nor the sulfur nor the chlorine which may be present in the feed to be treated causes any loss of performance of the capture masses of the invention.
- the use of the capture mass according to the invention is particularly suitable for the treatment of liquid or gaseous feedstocks of petroleum origin and their derivatives, in particular for the treatment of liquid or gaseous feedstocks of conversion units and advantageously of conversion units thermal.
- the use of the capture mass according to the invention is particularly suitable for the treatment of liquid or gaseous loads resulting from the degradation of biomass or of manufactured products such as plastics. It is common for such fillers to contain silica compounds.
- the gaseous or liquid feed to be treated in the process according to the invention can advantageously be chosen from the group consisting of combustion fumes, synthesis gas, natural gas, natural gas condensates, oil or crude oil, liquid or gaseous petroleum cuts, liquid hydrocarbon cuts from refineries or petrochemical plants, effluents from Fischer-Tropsch synthesis processes (eg “XTL” such as “Gas-To-Liquid” and/or “Biomass-To- Liquid” according to the Anglo-Saxon terminology), petrochemical intermediates, oils from the pyrolysis of biomass or plastics, biogas, gasolines from coker or catalytic cracking (or FCC for “fluid catalytic cracking” according to the Anglo-Saxon terminology - Saxon), and mixtures thereof.
- XTL such as “Gas-To-Liquid” and/or “Biomass-To- Liquid” according to the Anglo-Saxon terminology
- petrochemical intermediates oils from the pyro
- the gaseous or liquid feed to be treated in the process according to the invention is advantageously chosen from the group consisting of combustion fumes, synthesis gas, natural gas, natural gas condensates, crude oil and liquid hydrocarbon cuts from refineries or petrochemical plants, Fischer-Tropsch condensates, oils from pyrolysis of biomass or plastics, biogas and their mixtures.
- the feed is a coker or FCC gasoline, such as a C5-250° C. gasoline cut from an FCC catalytic cracking refining process or from a coking unit.
- the combustion fumes are produced in particular by the combustion of hydrocarbons, biogas and coal in a boiler or by a combustion gas turbine, for example with the aim of producing electricity .
- These fumes may include, by volume, between 50% and 80% nitrogen, between 5% and 40% carbon dioxide, between 1% and 20% oxygen, and potentially impurities such as SOx and NO X .
- the synthesis gas is a gas containing carbon monoxide CO, dihydrogen H2 (e.g. in an H2/CO molar ratio generally equal to around 2 ⁇ 1), water vapor ( e.g. generally at saturation), methane, and carbon dioxide CO2 (for example, at a content generally of about 10% ⁇ 5% by volume).
- the synthesis gas may also contain sulfur (H2S, COS, etc.), nitrogen (NH3, HCN, etc.) and halogen impurities.
- the natural gas consists mainly of gaseous hydrocarbons, but may contain several of the following acid compounds: carbon dioxide CO2, hydrogen sulphide H2S, mercaptans, carbon oxysulphide COS and carbon disulphide CS2.
- the content of natural gas in these acid compounds is highly variable and can range from 0% to 40% by volume for CO2 and F ⁇ S.
- the natural gas condensates consist of liquid hydrocarbons, the production of which is associated with the production of natural gas. These complex liquid mixtures are very similar to light crude oils.
- liquid refinery hydrocarbons mention may in particular be made of LPG (C3-C4 cut), naphthas (C5-C8 cut), kerosenes and diesels.
- LPG C3-C4 cut
- naphthas C5-C8 cut
- kerosenes a hydrocarbon that is a hydrocarbon that is a hydrocarbon that is a hydrocarbon that is a hydrocarbon that is a hydrocarbon that is a hydrocarbons from petrochemical plants
- LPG C3-C4 cut
- gasolines from cracking and steam cracking or “Pyrolysis Gasoline” also called “PyGas” according to the Anglo-Saxon terminology.
- oils resulting from the pyrolysis of biomass or plastics mention may in particular be made of oils, advantageously in liquid form at room temperature, resulting from the pyrolysis of plastics, preferably plastic waste originating in particular from collection and sorting channels.
- the oils resulting from the pyrolysis biomass or plastics comprise a mixture of hydrocarbon compounds, in particular paraffins, mono- and/or di-olefins, naphthenes and aromatics, said hydrocarbon compounds preferably having a boiling point below 700°C and preferably below 550°C.
- the plastics pyrolysis oil may include impurities such as metals, in particular silicon and iron, halogenated compounds, in particular chlorinated compounds.
- the biogas is a gas produced by the methanization or else the fermentation of animal or vegetable organic matter in the absence of oxygen. It can be produced naturally, for example in landfills containing organic waste, or artificially in methanizers or digesters supplied with animal manure, organic or agricultural waste, sludge from water treatment plants.
- Biogas consists mainly (e.g. at least 50% by volume) of methane and CO2, the proportion of which varies according to the origin of the raw material used.
- said charge is brought into contact with the capture mass according to the invention.
- This contacting can preferably be carried out by injecting the charge to be treated into a reactor containing the capture mass in the form of a fixed bed.
- the step of bringing the charge to be treated into contact with the capture mass in the process according to the invention can be carried out at a temperature between 20° C. and 500° C., preferably between 100° C. and 450° C., and more preferably between 200°C and 400°C, such as between 220 and 370°C (e.g. 300 ⁇ 20°C).
- said contacting can be carried out at an absolute pressure of between 0.1 MPa (1 bar) and 10 MPa (100 bars), preferably between 0.5 MPa (5 bars) and 15 MPa (150 bars) or 10 MPa (100 bars), and more preferably between 1 MPa (10 bars) and 5 MPa (50 bars), e.g. between 3 (30 bars) and 4.5 MPa (45 bars).
- the step of bringing the charge to be treated into contact with the capture mass can be carried out with an LHSV of between 0.1 h -1 and 50 h′ 1 , preferably between 0.5 h -1 and 20 h - 1 and even more preferably between 1 h′ 1 and 10 h′ 1 , such as between 3 h′ 1 and 4.5 h′ 1 (eg 4 ⁇ 0.2 tr 1 ).
- the step of bringing the charge to be treated into contact with the capture mass can be carried out with a GHSV of between 10 h′ 1 and 5000 h′ 1 , preferably between 50 h′ 1 and 2000 h′ 1 and in such a way even more preferably between 100 h′ 1 and 1000 h′ 1 , such as between 300 h′ 1 and 450 h′ 1 (eg 400 ⁇ 20 h′ 1 ).
- the Applicant has also identified that the elimination of organosilicon species could be advantageously achieved by reducing the hourly space velocity liquid or gaseous and more particularly by operating at an LHSV ⁇ 5 h -1 or at a GHSV ⁇ 500 h -1 .
- the capture method according to the invention is improved compared to the prior art because said method makes it possible to significantly improve the effectiveness of the mass in capturing silicon, an impurity of the charge, while simplifying and minimizing the operations and production costs.
- Mass efficiency is understood to mean significantly increased capture capacity performance (more than 50% capacity).
- the performance gain (increased mass capacity) translates into significant benefits.
- the performance gain increases the cycle time of the mass and simplifies the process and thus reduces operating costs.
- the performance gain also makes it possible to better protect the catalysts of the downstream processes (in particular those of the hydrodesulfurization, hydrotreating or reforming processes) and also leads to the improvement of their lifetime, which simplifies the process and further reduces operating costs.
- the LHSV is less than or equal to 4.5 h' 1 , preferably the LHSV is less than or equal to 4.25 h' 1 .
- the LHSV is less than or equal to 4 h′ 1 , preferably less than or equal to 3 h′ 1 , preferably less than or equal to 2 h′ 1 .
- the LHSV is between 0.1 and 4.9 h′ 1 , preferably between 0.15 and 4.5 h′ 1 , preferably between 0.2 and 4.25 h′ 1 , even more preferably between 0.25 and 4 h′ 1 .
- the GHSV is less than or equal to 450 h′ 1 , preferably the GHSV is less than or equal to 425 h′ 1 .
- the GHSV is less than or equal to 400 h′ 1 , preferably less than or equal to 300 h ⁇ 1 , preferably less than or equal to 200 h′ 1 .
- the GHSV is between 10 and 490 h′ 1 , preferably between 150 and 450 h′ 1 , preferably between 20 and 425 h′ 1 , even more preferably between 25 and 400 h′ 1 .
- the applicant has identified that below 5 h -1 for a liquid load and 500 h - 1 for a gaseous load, the reduction of one unit of LHSV or GHSV made it possible to gain 5-20% of capacity of capture while above, it only allows to gain less than 5% of capture capacity.
- dihydrogen in gaseous form can be added to the charge.
- the volume ratio between the dihydrogen and the liquid feed to be treated can be between 0.1 and 1000 Nm 3 /m 3 , preferably between 1 and 750 Nm 3 /m 3 and even more preferably between 10 and 500 Nm 3 /m 3 , such as between 100 and 200 Nm 3 /m 3 (eg 150 ⁇ 10 Nm 3 /m 3 ).
- the dihydrogen can be added so as to obtain a PpH 2 of between 0.01 MPa (0.1 bar) and 10 MPa (100 bar), preferably between 0.1 MPa (1 bar) and 5 MPa (50 bar).
- the Applicant has also identified that the elimination of organosilicon species could advantageously be carried out in the absence of hydrogen (for example for the treatment of combustion fumes).
- the capture method according to the invention makes it possible to effectively capture the silicon, an impurity of the charge, while improving the atomic economy, simplifying the method, reducing the equipment necessary for the operation of the method, and reducing the costs. energy, production costs and operating costs.
- the step of eliminating the silicon by contact with a rejuvenated capture mass is carried out in the absence of hydrogen.
- the term “in the absence of hydrogen” is synonymous with: in the case of a liquid feedstock to be treated, a volume ratio between the dihydrogen and the feedstock of less than 0.1 Nm 3 /m 3 , preferably less than 0.01 Nm 3 /m 3 , preferably less than 0.001 Nm 3 /m 3 and even more preferably less than 0.0001 Nm 3 /m 3 ; and in the case of a gaseous feed to be treated, a partial pressure of dihydrogen PpH 2 of less than 0.01 MPa, preferably less than 1 kPa, more preferably less than 0.1 kPa and even more preferably less than 0.01 kPa.
- the gaseous or liquid feedstock Prior to bringing the liquid or gaseous feedstock to be treated into contact with the capture mass, the gaseous or liquid feedstock can be pretreated.
- Said pretreatment may consist of heating or cooling, compression or expansion (in the case of a gaseous charge), and/or purification treatment making it possible to eliminate or reduce the content of the charge in a compound considered undesirable.
- the contact of the charge with the capture mass advantageously makes it possible to capture the siliceous compounds contained in the charge to be treated, and to obtain an effluent having a content of silica compounds reduced compared to the content of the initial charge, or even to totally eliminate the silica compounds from the charge.
- the contact of the filler with the capture mass makes it possible to simultaneously eliminate the silica compounds and certain other impurities, such as for example sulfur compounds and/or nitrogen compounds.
- a porous support based on alumina is provided.
- an impregnation solution is prepared. 60% of the total water volume of the impregnation solution is poured into a flask. The desired quantity of phosphoric acid is then added. The molybdenum and nickel precursors are successively added to the solution while stirring the mixture. This solution is left under stirring and under reflux at 90°C. When the solution has become clear, the reflux is stopped. When the solution is at ambient temperature, water is added in order to obtain 95% of the targeted total volume of the impregnation solution.
- step c) the porous support is impregnated by slow spraying with said solution prepared in step b) above; d) the product obtained in step c) above is left to mature in a closed vessel for 3 hours and at ambient temperature; e) the material obtained in step d) above is dried at 90° C. for 3 hours; f) the material obtained in step e) above is calcined at 450° C. in a humid atmosphere for 45 min in a tube furnace.
- the nickel, molybdenum and phosphorus contents of the capture masses were measured by X-ray fluorescence on an Axios mAX device from PANanalytical.
- the DRT, the average pore diameter and the specific surface of the capture masses M1, M2, M3 and M4 are reported in table 1 below.
- the grain density and the mean pore diameter were determined from mercury porosimetry results and the specific surface from the N 2 adsorption isotherm at 77K (cf. Rouquerol F.; Rouquerol J.; Singh K. “Adsorption by Powders & Porous Solids: Principle, methodology and applications”, Academic Press, 1999).
- the capture mass M1 conforms to a capture mass according to the invention.
- the capture mass M2 has pores of average size greater than that of the pores of the capture mass according to the invention.
- the capture mass M3 has a lower grain density than that of the capture mass according to the invention.
- the capture mass M4 has pores of average size greater than that of the pores of the capture mass according to the invention and a grain density lower than that of the capture mass according to the invention.
- the four masses were subsequently evaluated for the capture of siliceous compounds in a charge doped with 50 ppm by weight of Si derived from 50% hexamethyltricyclosiloxane (D3) and 50% octamethyltetracyclosiloxane (D4).
- the filler is a gasoline whose density and composition are detailed in table 2.
- the capture was carried out at 300°C under 4 MPa (40 bars) at an LHSV of 4 h' 1 and in the presence of h with a H 2 /load ratio of 150 Nm 3 /m 3 through a fixed bed of 40 cm 3 . Samples are taken twice a day and analyzed by X-ray fluorescence to determine their silicon content.
- the test is stopped when the concentration at the outlet in the effluent is equivalent to 50% of the concentration at the inlet of the charge and a material balance on the silicon is carried out: the difference between what entered the column and what is released corresponds to the silicon mass captured on the capture masses.
- Table 2 presents the composition of the gasoline before doping with silicon.
- the capture mass M1 (in accordance with the invention) is the most effective capture mass: the mass M1 is that which captures the greatest mass of silicon.
- the mass M2 (comparative) whose pore size is greater than that claimed according to the invention captured 9% less silicon than the mass M1.
- the mass M3 (comparative) whose density of grain is less than that claimed according to the invention captures 15% less silicon than the mass M1.
- the mass M4 (comparative) whose pore size is greater than that claimed according to the invention and a grain density lower than that claimed according to the invention captures 23% less silicon than the mass M1.
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Abstract
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KR1020237024161A KR20230122090A (ko) | 2020-12-21 | 2021-12-09 | 규소 트랩핑 매스 |
CN202180086129.7A CN116615282A (zh) | 2020-12-21 | 2021-12-09 | 硅捕集体 |
JP2023537272A JP2023554472A (ja) | 2020-12-21 | 2021-12-09 | ケイ素捕集材 |
US18/267,965 US20240050922A1 (en) | 2020-12-21 | 2021-12-09 | Silicon trapping mass |
EP21823600.8A EP4263044A1 (fr) | 2020-12-21 | 2021-12-09 | Masse de captation de silicium |
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FRFR2013845 | 2020-12-21 | ||
FR2013845A FR3117892B1 (fr) | 2020-12-21 | 2020-12-21 | Masse de captation de silicium |
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EP (1) | EP4263044A1 (fr) |
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CN (1) | CN116615282A (fr) |
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Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5118406A (en) | 1991-04-30 | 1992-06-02 | Union Oil Company Of California | Hydrotreating with silicon removal |
EP0748652A1 (fr) * | 1995-06-15 | 1996-12-18 | ENIRICERCHE S.p.A. | Gel d'alumine mésoporeux et procédé pour le préparer |
EP1925654A1 (fr) | 2006-11-22 | 2008-05-28 | Haldor Topsoe A/S | Procédé d'hydrotraitement catalytique de produits hydrocarbonés contenant de la silicone |
US20180237706A1 (en) | 2017-02-21 | 2018-08-23 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Desulfurization of a naphtha boiling range feed |
-
2020
- 2020-12-21 FR FR2013845A patent/FR3117892B1/fr active Active
-
2021
- 2021-12-09 US US18/267,965 patent/US20240050922A1/en active Pending
- 2021-12-09 KR KR1020237024161A patent/KR20230122090A/ko unknown
- 2021-12-09 JP JP2023537272A patent/JP2023554472A/ja active Pending
- 2021-12-09 EP EP21823600.8A patent/EP4263044A1/fr active Pending
- 2021-12-09 WO PCT/EP2021/084889 patent/WO2022135943A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2021-12-09 CN CN202180086129.7A patent/CN116615282A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5118406A (en) | 1991-04-30 | 1992-06-02 | Union Oil Company Of California | Hydrotreating with silicon removal |
EP0748652A1 (fr) * | 1995-06-15 | 1996-12-18 | ENIRICERCHE S.p.A. | Gel d'alumine mésoporeux et procédé pour le préparer |
EP1925654A1 (fr) | 2006-11-22 | 2008-05-28 | Haldor Topsoe A/S | Procédé d'hydrotraitement catalytique de produits hydrocarbonés contenant de la silicone |
US20180237706A1 (en) | 2017-02-21 | 2018-08-23 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Desulfurization of a naphtha boiling range feed |
Non-Patent Citations (7)
Title |
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"CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics", 2000, CRC PRESS |
"Handbook of Porous solids", 25 April 2008, WILEY-VCH VERLAG GMBH, ISBN: 978-3-52-761828-6, article PATRICK EUZEN ET AL: "Alumina", pages: 1591 - 1677, XP055057945, DOI: 10.1002/9783527618286.ch23b * |
G. CAMINOS.M. LOMAKINM. LAZZARI: "Polydimethylsiloxane thermal dégradation Part 1. Kinetic aspects", POLYMER, vol. 42, no. 6, 2001, pages 2395 - 2402 |
L. KELLBERGP. ZEUTHEH.J. JAKOBSEN: "Deactivation of HDT catalysts by formation of silica gels from silicone oil, characterization of spent catalysts from HDT of coker naphtha using Si and C CP-MAS NMR", JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS, vol. 143, no. 1, 1993, pages 45 - 51 |
P. EUZENP. RAYBAUDX. KROKIDISH. TOULHOATJ.L. LE LOARERJ.P. JOLIVETC. FROIDEFOND: "Handbook of Porous Solids", 2002, WILEY-VCH, article "Mercury Porosimetry", pages: 309 - 350 |
ROUQUEROL F.ROUQUEROL J.SINGH K.: "Adsorption by Powders & Porous Solids: Principle, methodology and applications", 1999, ACADEMIC PRESS |
THE JOURNAL OF AMERICAN SOCIETY, vol. 60, 1938, pages 309 |
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FR3117892B1 (fr) | 2024-09-13 |
FR3117892A1 (fr) | 2022-06-24 |
US20240050922A1 (en) | 2024-02-15 |
KR20230122090A (ko) | 2023-08-22 |
EP4263044A1 (fr) | 2023-10-25 |
JP2023554472A (ja) | 2023-12-27 |
CN116615282A (zh) | 2023-08-18 |
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