WO2022130120A1 - Fluidisches rotationsventil - Google Patents
Fluidisches rotationsventil Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022130120A1 WO2022130120A1 PCT/IB2021/061396 IB2021061396W WO2022130120A1 WO 2022130120 A1 WO2022130120 A1 WO 2022130120A1 IB 2021061396 W IB2021061396 W IB 2021061396W WO 2022130120 A1 WO2022130120 A1 WO 2022130120A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- channel
- port
- fluidic
- rotor
- crosspoint
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 184
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 155
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004811 liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005526 G1 to G0 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013375 chromatographic separation Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004808 supercritical fluid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004780 2D liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N30/04—Preparation or injection of sample to be analysed
- G01N30/16—Injection
- G01N30/20—Injection using a sampling valve
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D15/00—Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbents; Apparatus therefor
- B01D15/08—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography
- B01D15/10—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features
- B01D15/14—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features relating to the introduction of the feed to the apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
- F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
- F16K11/06—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements
- F16K11/072—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with pivoted closure members
- F16K11/074—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with pivoted closure members with flat sealing faces
- F16K11/0743—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with pivoted closure members with flat sealing faces with both the supply and the discharge passages being on one side of the closure plates
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N2030/022—Column chromatography characterised by the kind of separation mechanism
- G01N2030/027—Liquid chromatography
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N30/04—Preparation or injection of sample to be analysed
- G01N30/16—Injection
- G01N30/20—Injection using a sampling valve
- G01N2030/201—Injection using a sampling valve multiport valves, i.e. having more than two ports
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N30/04—Preparation or injection of sample to be analysed
- G01N30/16—Injection
- G01N30/20—Injection using a sampling valve
- G01N2030/202—Injection using a sampling valve rotary valves
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fluidic rotary valve, in particular for a sample separation device for separating sample components of a fluidic sample.
- a liquid (mobile phase) is typically measured at a very precisely controlled flow rate (e.g. in the range of microliters to milliliters per minute) and at a high pressure ( typically 20 to 1000 bar and beyond, currently up to 2000 bar) at which the compressibility of the liquid is noticeable, through a stationary phase (e.g. a chromatographic column) in order to separate individual components of a sample liquid introduced into the mobile phase separate.
- a stationary phase e.g. a chromatographic column
- an injector containing an injection loop can thus be provided for introducing a fluid sample into a path between a high-pressure pump and a separation column.
- a needle can be arranged in a seat, the needle moving out of the seat to take up the fluid sample, dipping into a sample vessel to suck in the fluid sample and then moving back into the seat.
- a fluid valve configured as an injection valve, the fluid sample taken up in this way is brought into the high-pressure path between the high-pressure pump and the separation column.
- Fluid valves are also used at other points in such a measuring device.
- a fluid flow can thus be controlled by means of one or more fluid valves, which can be in fluid connection with one or more separation columns and can, for example, control or switch the liquid supply to the separation column or columns.
- fluid valves can have a stator with connection ports and a rotor with channels, wherein the connection ports can be statically connected to fluid lines and the channels can be rotated with the rotor so as to fluidly couple different of the connection ports by means of a respective channel in different switching positions and others to decouple the connection ports fluidically.
- the channels have a length that bridges the required angular range for forming a connected state between two connection ports.
- the ends of such a channel can form blind holes in which stagnation zones can form, which can be filled with stagnant liquid. If the flow changes or if different samples are tested, this can lead to an undesired carryover of historical solvent and/or sample material.
- a fluid valve is known from DE102013215065A1 by the same applicant, which achieves improved feasibility through an annular channel structure.
- a preferred embodiment of the present invention relates a fluid valve, in particular for a sample separation device for separating at least one sample component of a fluid sample.
- the fluid valve has a large number of external connections for fluidly connecting a respective fluidic component as well as a rotor and a stator, different fluidic coupling or decoupling states between fluidic component components connected to the fluidic valve being adjustable by rotating the rotor about an axis of rotation.
- one or more of the plurality of external terminals is on or in the stator.
- the fluid valve has a multiplicity of ports which are or can be fluidly connected to at least one of the external connections, a first port of the multiplicity of ports being on a first circular path around the axis of rotation of the rotor and a second port of the multiplicity of ports is on a second circular path around the axis of rotation of the rotor.
- the fluid valve also has a first channel, which is formed at least in sections along the first circular path, and a second channel, which has or can have a first coupling point and a second coupling point, the first coupling point on the first circular path and the second coupling point on the second orbit is on.
- the first channel is formed by the stator and the second channel by the rotor, or vice versa.
- a fluidic coupling can be established between the first port and the second port, in that the first channel is connected to the first port and at least via the first coupling point to the second channel, and the second channel is connected at least via the second crosspoint is connected to the second port.
- the first coupling point represents a first end of the second channel. Additionally or alternatively, the first coupling point can represent a point or area via which the second channel is fluidly connected to the first channel.
- the second crosspoint is a point or area through which the second channel is fluidly connected to the second port.
- the coupling points shown above and below do not have or need to have a fixed position relative to or no fixed extension along a specific circular path, but rather a position or positioning between channels and/or or ports represent resulting fluidic coupling.
- the first coupling point between the first channel and the second channel in one position can represent a (more or less spatially distinct) point at which the respective ends of the first and second channels touch or (slightly) overlap.
- the first coupling point between the first and second channel can then represent a section both on the first and on the second channel, in which the two channels overlap.
- these "features”, eg that a channel has a certain section and/or a channel has a certain crosspoint preferably represent the ability to reach the states described, but are not or not necessarily permanently existing features.
- the second channel has a third coupling point, which lies on a third circular path around the axis of rotation of the rotor, wherein the third circular path and the second first circular path preferably have the same radius about the axis of rotation.
- the third circular path can have the same radius as the second circular path or have a radius that differs from the radii of the first and second circular paths.
- the second channel has a first section lying on the first circular path, with the first crosspoint being located in the first section.
- the second channel has a second section which lies on the second circular path, the second section extending at least between two ports located on the second circular path. This allows a coupling in the sense of a "make before break", i.e. the two ports located on the second circular path are fluidically connected to one another for a transitional period, with only one of the two ports being fluidically coupled before and after the transitional period.
- the second channel has a fourth crosspoint lying on the second orbit and a second portion extending between the second crosspoint and the fourth crosspoint, the second crosspoint being connected to the second port and the fourth crosspoint is connected to a third port located on the second orbit.
- the fourth crosspoint represents a point or area through which the second channel is fluidly connected to the third port.
- the third crosspoint represents a second end of the second channel.
- the third coupling point represents a point or area via which the second channel is fluidly connected to the first channel.
- the third crosspoint and the first crosspoint coincide.
- the third crosspoint and the first crosspoint overlap.
- the third crosspoint and the first crosspoint are located at different locations on the second channel.
- the second channel has a third section lying on the third circular path, with the third crosspoint being located in the third section.
- the first port in the fluidic coupling between the first port and the second port produced by rotating the rotor relative to the stator, the first port is connected to the first channel, the first channel being connected to the second at least via the first coupling point Channel is connected, and the second channel is connected to the second port at least via the second crosspoint.
- the first port in the fluidic coupling between the first port and the second port that is produced by rotating the rotor relative to the stator, the first port is connected to the first channel, the first channel being connected at least via the first coupling point and at least via the third crosspoint is connected to the second channel, and the second channel is connected to the second port at least via the second crosspoint.
- the fluidic coupling established by rotating the rotor relative to the stator between the first port has an annular closed channel, i. h the fluidic coupling can contain the channel closed in the form of a ring. In such an embodiment, it may be sufficient that a section can be designed as an annular channel.
- the first port and the second port are connected by an annularly closed channel, so that the first port is connected to the second Port is connected both via a first fluidic path and via a second fluidic path of the annularly closed channel.
- the first port in the fluidic coupling between the first port and the second port established by rotating the rotor relative to the stator, the first port is connected to the second port via both a first fluidic path and a second fluidic path .
- the first fluidic path is represented by a first portion of the first channel and a first portion of the second channel.
- the first portion of the first channel extends between the first port and the first crosspoint, and the first portion of the second channel extends between the first crosspoint and the second port,
- the second fluidic path is represented by a second portion of the first channel and a second portion of the second channel.
- the second portion of the first channel extends between the first port and the third crosspoint, and the second portion of the second channel extends between the third crosspoint and the second port.
- the fluid valve is a shear valve.
- the first passage is formed through the stator, preferably by an indentation (such as a groove) in a surface of the stator facing the rotor.
- the second passage is formed through the rotor, preferably by an indentation (such as a groove) in a surface of the rotor opposite the stator.
- the stator has the plurality of external terminals.
- the stator has the plurality of ports, preferably each as an indentation in a surface of the stator opposite the rotor.
- the stator includes a plurality of fluidic connections to connect one or more of the plurality of external connectors to one or more of the plurality of ports, respectively.
- a preferred embodiment of the present invention relates to a fluidic valve, in particular for a sample separation device for separating at least one sample component of a fluidic sample.
- the fluid valve has a multiplicity of external connections for fluidly connecting a respective fluidic component as well as a rotor and a stator. By rotating the rotor about an axis of rotation, different fluidic coupling or decoupling states can be set between the fluidic component parts connected to the fluidic valve.
- one or more of the plurality of external terminals is on or in the stator.
- the fluid valve has a plurality of ports which are each fluidly connected to at least one of the external connections, a first port of the plurality of ports being on a first circular path around the axis of rotation of the rotor and a second port of the plurality of ports being on a second orbit around the Axis of rotation of the rotor is located.
- the fluid valve has a first channel, which is annularly formed along the first circular path, and a second channel.
- the second channel has a first crosspoint, a second crosspoint and a third crosspoint.
- the first coupling point and the third coupling point lie on the first circular path, and the second coupling point lies on the second circular path, so that the second channel, together with the area of the first channel located between the first coupling point and the third coupling point, forms a closed channel.
- a fluidic coupling can be established between the first port and the second port, in that the first channel is connected to the first port, the first channel is connected via the first coupling point and via the third coupling point to the second channel and the second channel is connected to the second port at least via the second crosspoint.
- a preferred exemplary embodiment of the present invention relates to a fluid valve, in particular for a sample separation device for separating at least one sample component of a fluid sample.
- the fluid valve has a large number of external connections for fluidly connecting a respective fluidic component as well as a rotor and a stator, different fluidic coupling or decoupling states between fluidic component components connected to the fluidic valve being adjustable by rotating the rotor about an axis of rotation.
- one or more of the plurality of external terminals is on or in the stator.
- the fluid valve has a first port and a second port, each fluidly connected to at least one of the external ports.
- the fluid valve further includes a first passage formed through the stator, preferably by a recess in a surface of the stator opposite the rotor, and a second passage formed through the rotor, preferably by a recess in a surface opposite the stator of the rotor.
- the annularly closed channel is not completely on a circular path around the axis of rotation of the rotor.
- the ring-shaped closed channel has different radial distances from the axis of rotation of the rotor.
- the annularly closed channel is not entirely coplanar, preferably parts of the annularly closed channel are on different sides of a boundary plane between the rotor and the stator.
- the fluid valve is configured to connect a first port of a first subset of ports to a port of the second subset of ports.
- the fluid valve is configured to connect a second port from a first subset of ports to a further port from the second subset of ports.
- the fluid valve is designed to select one of the elements from a plurality of elements.
- the fluid valve is preferably designed to switch between a plurality of chromatographic columns, for example in order to select one of these columns and thus to fluidly couple it.
- the fluid valve can be designed to switch between a plurality of sample stores, for example to be fluidically coupled to one of the sample stores.
- a sample storage device can be, for example, a sample loop, a trap column or any other volume that is suitable for temporarily storing a fluidic sample in order to inject it into the sample separation device at a later point in time, for example, so that the sample can be separated chromatographically. This can be used in both a one-dimensional and a multi-dimensional chromatographic arrangement.
- a preferred embodiment relates to a sample separation device for separating at least one sample component of a fluid sample, the sample separation device having a fluid valve according to one of the aforementioned embodiments.
- the sample separation device has a sample injector for injecting the sample into a mobile phase in a separation path between a pump for moving the mobile phase and a separation column for separating different fractions of the sample in the mobile phase.
- the fluid valve can be switched by moving the first valve body and the second valve body relative to one another in order to inject the sample from the sample injector into the separation path.
- a preferred embodiment of the present invention relates to a method for switching a fluidic valve, in particular for a sample separation device for separating at least one sample component of a fluidic sample.
- the fluid valve has a large number of external connections for fluidly connecting a respective fluidic component as well as a rotor and a stator, different fluidic coupling or decoupling states between fluidic component components connected to the fluidic valve being adjustable by rotating the rotor about an axis of rotation.
- one or more of the plurality of external terminals is on or in the stator.
- the fluid valve has a first port and a second port, each of which is fluidly connected to at least one of the external connections.
- the fluid valve further includes a first passage formed through the stator, preferably by a recess in a surface of the stator opposite the rotor, and a second passage formed through the rotor, preferably by a recess in a surface opposite the stator of the rotor. Rotating the rotor relative to the stator fluidly couples the first channel to the second channel such that an annularly closed channel is established between the first port and the second port, and the first channel to the first port and the second channel to the second port connected is.
- one or more Channels with a ring-shaped closed channel structure in a valve body of a fluid valve avoid that between two or more connection ports (i.e. fluidic connections) of the channel flowing fluid (i.e. liquid and / or gas, optionally having solid components) in the flow fluidically decoupled or only weakly coupled areas (such as blind holes of the fluid valve) remain, in which the fluid is transported at a greatly reduced speed or even comes to a standstill over a longer period of time.
- connection ports i.e. fluidic connections
- the channel flowing fluid i.e. liquid and / or gas, optionally having solid components
- a current solvent composition can no longer match a currently desired solvent composition, but can differ from it. Both lead to a deterioration in the separation performance.
- Fluid from a previous processing cycle can thus remain in the fluidic blind ends of a fluidic valve channel (e.g. fluidic sample, solvent, etc.), or a portion of such fluid can diffuse into such a blind end during fluidic operation . Fluid can then remain in such an unflushed corner area for a longer period of time and slowly mix into the flowing fluid. In a chromatographic application, this can lead to undesired peak broadening or even the formation of artificial peaks. Appropriate relubrication worsens the chromatographic separation results (“tailing”). According to the invention, this effect can be avoided by one or more annularly closed channels.
- the fluid valve can be designed as a sample injection valve, as a modulation valve for two-dimensional liquid chromatography, as a separation column selection valve or as a solvent selection valve.
- a modulation valve for two-dimensional liquid chromatography as a separation column selection valve or as a solvent selection valve.
- many other fluid configurations of the fluid valve according to the invention are possible.
- the first valve body and the second valve body can be rotatable relative to each other.
- the first valve body can be rotated relative to the second valve body in order to switch between different fluidic coupling and decoupling states. Since a very large number of switching states are possible with a rotary fluid valve by setting different angular states, the performance of a rotary operated switching valve is particularly high.
- the first valve body having the connection ports can be designed as a stator, which is particularly advantageous when components such as capillaries, a sample detector, a sample injector, a pump or a separation column are connected to the respective connection ports, since a rotation of this valve body then the corresponding components do not have to be moved.
- the second valve body with the channels can advantageously be designed as a rotor which can be moved by a user or under machine control, whereas the valve body designed as a stator can remain stationary.
- the at least one channel as Groove in a surface of the valve body, as an integrated lumen running inside the valve body and/or as a plurality of channel sections running in different planes of the second valve body and connected to one another.
- a groove is understood to mean a superficial indentation made in a surface of the second valve body, which is elongated, ie has a greater length than depth and width.
- the channel can, however, at least in sections, be designed as a lumen or liquid line that is fully integrated in the second valve body be formed, which is advantageous in terms of sealing requirements between the two valve bodies.
- one or more channels to be formed on the first valve body and/or one or more connection ports to be formed on the second valve body.
- a direction of extent of the plurality of connection ports through the first valve body can be oriented essentially perpendicularly (or tilted, i.e. at an acute angle then different from 90°) to a plane of extent of the at least one channel of the second valve body.
- the component parts are fluidically connected to the connection ports by capillary pieces attached to the connection ports or directly, with the connection ports extending perpendicularly to an interface between the first valve body and the second valve body.
- the ring channels can extend in this connecting plane or parallel to it.
- a fluid diversion is effected at the boundary points, which changes the direction of movement of the fluid to be transported and diverts the fluid from a direction of movement extending perpendicularly to the valve bodies into the annular flow.
- the turbulence that occurs at the interface promotes the complete flushing of the ring canal.
- the flows through the fluid valve according to a exemplary embodiment less than 100 ml/min, in particular less than 5 ml/min, more particularly less than 50 pl/min.
- the configuration of exemplary embodiments is particularly advantageous in the case of small flows, small amounts of sample, peaks lying close together and/or short retention times of a chromatographic measurement. The smaller the fluidic dimensions, the more negatively unflushed channel sections can affect the fluidic processing performance.
- the fluid can be routed between the connection ports that are fluidically coupled to the at least partially annularly closed channel in such a way that at least two separate (or parallel, parallel in the sense of a fluidic decoupling and not necessarily in the geometrical sense are to be understood is) result in fluid flows between these connection ports through the at least one annularly closed channel.
- Generating a plurality (two, three, four or a higher number) of mutually parallel fluidic flows through different annular sections of the closed annular channel can be regarded as a particularly efficient method of avoiding or suppressing stagnant fluid areas in the channel structures.
- Such annular structures can be allowed to flow through in parallel during normal operation of the fluid valve or sample separation device (that is to say during a separation process) or in a separate rinsing mode for rinsing the annularly closed channels.
- the individual divided or parallel fluid flows associated sections of the at least one annular closed channel can be configured such that different flow times of the fluid flows in the sections are at least partially compensated. Such different flow times can result from different lengths of the sections.
- the fluidic resistance of the individual partial paths can be adjusted (in particular adjusted differently) in such a way that the split flows flow together again at the correct point at a junction (in particular in such a way that separate fluid sections at a branching point Merging point are brought together again without causing a mixing of different fluid sections comes). This can be done, for example, by adjusting the cross-sectional area, length, flow resistance, and other geometric and physical properties of the sections.
- the sample separation device can be set up as a microfluidic measuring device, liquid chromatography device or HPLC.
- the sample separation device can therefore be configured in particular as an HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) device, a Life Science device or an SFC (Supercritical Fluid Chromatography) device.
- HPLC High Performance Liquid Chromatography
- Life Science device Life Science device
- SFC Supercritical Fluid Chromatography
- the sample separation device can be set up pressure-tight for operation at a pressure of up to approximately 100 bar, in particular for operation at a pressure of up to approximately 500 bar, further in particular for operation at a pressure of up to approximately 2000 bar .
- the sample separation device may include a sample injector for injecting the fluidic sample into a mobile phase in a separation path between a pump for moving the mobile phase and a separation column for separating different fractions of the sample in the mobile phase.
- the fluid valve can be switchable by moving the first valve body and the second valve body relative to one another in order to inject the sample from the sample injector into the separation path.
- Such a fluid valve between a sample injector on the one hand and a separation path between mobile phase pump and sample separation element on the other hand has a plurality of channels and connection ports, which on the one hand have to handle the sample fluid and on the other hand mobile phase (such as a constant or variable solvent composition) have to handle.
- the sample separation device can have a separation column for separating different fractions of the injected fluid sample.
- a separation column can be filled with an adsorption medium, for example porous beads of silica gel or activated carbon.
- the fluidic sample can then be temporarily immobilized or adsorbed on the separation column by chemical interaction with these porous beads. For example, by setting a gradient of a solvent composition, the individual fractions can then be detached or desorbed individually from the adsorption medium and subsequently detected.
- the sample separation device can have a pump for conveying the injected fluid sample together with a mobile phase.
- the mobile phase may be a solvent composition, which may be constant over time or may adjustably change, and which is mixed with the fluid sample after the fluid sample is introduced through the injection valve into the sample separation path.
- the mixture of mobile phase and fluid sample can then be pumped through the chromatographic separation path by a high pressure pump.
- the sample separation device can thus have one or more pumps for transporting the injected fluid sample together with a mobile phase through at least part of the sample separation device.
- a pump can be set up, for example, to pump the mobile phase through the system at a high pressure, for example a few 100 bar up to 1000 bar and more.
- the sample separation device can have a sample detector for detecting separated sample components of the fluid sample.
- a sample detector can be based on a detection principle that detects electromagnetic radiation (for example in the UV range or in the visible range) originating from certain sample components of the fluid sample.
- the measuring device can have a sample fractionator for fractionating the separated sample components.
- a fractionator can lead the different sample components into different liquid containers, for example.
- the analyzed fluid sample can also be fed into a waste container.
- FIG. 1 shows an HPLC measuring device according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 2 shows a sample separation device with a sample injection device with a sample injection valve according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
- Figures 3-6 show different exemplary embodiments of a fluid valve 90 by way of example.
- flow paths are defined by small-scale geometries implemented using channels, ports, and capillaries. These form the connecting elements between the functional elements or structural components, such as pumps, injectors, columns and detectors.
- the sensitivity of a sample separation device can be increased.
- edge effects as a result of thin or narrow fluid structures more pronounced.
- HPLC especially UHPLC, it is therefore important to suppress dispersion effects (which can lead to peak broadening) and to keep fluid carryover (to avoid artifacts in the chromatogram due to residues of a previously examined sample in the separation path) as low as possible.
- Separation techniques carry out a sample injection by means of a fluid valve, in particular a rotary fluid valve.
- a switchable valve with channels that produce a fluid connection for example grooves in a valve body
- associated connection ports in another valve body that interacts therewith
- Switching the channels can affect the connection states of the connection ports. It is often necessary to maintain certain fluidic connections not only in a single valve position, but in an extended angular position range of the valve rotor. This may be necessary, for example, if the order in which the individual fluid connections are established is important when switching from an initial position to an end position, or if at least two valve positions are defined in which the state of a first connection is different (closed or open).
- this task is realized by implementing elongated channels (which can also be called grooves) in the parts of such a switching element, for example in the rotor and/or in the stator of a rotary fluid valve, so that channels have the required angular range for the connected state bridge.
- elongated channels which can also be called grooves
- Such a conventional approach is that such channels can have unflushed ends which present a zone of stagnation for the fluid.
- a fluid valve for switching between different flow paths without unpurged channel ends or with the possibility of providing fewer channel ends is provided.
- a geometry is made possible with which blind ends in a flow path can be avoided.
- a transition between ducts and connection ports of fluid valves is accomplished, with which unflushed duct sections can be avoided.
- a channel for example a groove in a valve body
- a potentially unflushed end is remodeled or supplemented to form a closed ring structure (ie its conventionally free ends can be connected to one another or short-circuited according to the invention).
- the points to be fluidically connected can be connected by means of at least two parallel or separate flow paths, which each bridge the distance between the connection ports. Therefore, the flow is split up so that separate partial flows together flush the entire groove, so that in the connected state there are no or only fewer stagnation zones.
- FIG. 1 shows the basic structure of an HPLC system 10 as an example of a sample separation device, such as can be used for liquid chromatography, for example.
- a pump 20 drives a mobile phase, which may be provided from a solvent reservoir 25 and degassed by a degasser 27, through a separation device 30 (such as a chromatographic column) containing a stationary phase.
- a sample application unit 40 (also called a sample injector) is arranged between the pump 20 and the separation device 30 in order to introduce a fluidic sample into the mobile phase by means of a fluid valve 90 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
- the stationary phase of the separation device 30 is intended to separate sample components of the sample liquid.
- a detector 50 detects separated sample components of the sample, and a fractionation device 60 can be provided to discharge separated sample components of the sample liquid, for example into a container provided for this purpose or a drain.
- a control unit 70 controls the components of the HPLC system 10.
- sample liquid under normal pressure first entered into a separate area from the liquid path, a so-called sample loop (English: Sample Loop), the sample application unit 40, which in turn introduces the sample liquid into the liquid path under high pressure.
- sample loop English: Sample Loop
- the fluid valve 90 is designed to introduce a fluid sample from the sample injector/sample application unit 40 into the analytical path between the pump 20 and the separation column 30 .
- FIG. 2 shows the sample injector 40 of the sample separation system 10 according to FIG. 1 for separating sample components of a fluidic sample in a mobile phase according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention in more detail.
- the sample injector 40 is fluidically coupled to the pump 20 and the separation device 30 and to the fractionator 60 connected downstream via the switchable fluid valve 90--shown only schematically in FIG.
- the sample injector 40 includes a sample loop 204 that is in fluid communication with the fluid valve 90 .
- the sample loop 204 is used for temporarily receiving a fluidic sample to be sucked in from a sample container 214 (for example a vial or a microtiter plate).
- a schematically illustrated metering pump 210 is in fluid communication with the sample loop 204 and is configured to draw a metered amount of the fluidic sample into a needle 202 coupled to the sample loop 204 via a needle capillary 260 .
- the switchable fluid valve 90 has two valve elements or valve bodies 92, 94, which are shown in a cross-sectional view as a detail in FIG. 2 and are rotatable relative to one another. By rotating these two valve bodies 92, 94 relative to each other about an axis of rotation 299, a plurality of connector ports 96 and channels 98 formed in the valve bodies 92, 94 can be selectively placed in fluid communication with each other, or fluid communication can be prevented thereby. Since the various connection ports 96 are coupled to certain of the fluidic channels 98 of the fluidic system according to FIG. 2, switching the fluidic valve 90 results in the operation of the fluidic system 10 in different fluidic communication configurations.
- the fluid valve 90 is shown only schematically in FIG shown, ie in particular the shown connection ports 96, ports 100 and channel or channels 98 are not fluidically coupled to one another and/or are shown in a switching position adapted for sample injection. Special embodiments of the fluid valve 90 are illustrated in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 3-6.
- Fluid communication between the high-pressure pump 20 and the separation column or the separation device 30 can be effected by means of an associated switching state of the fluid valve 90.
- a high pressure of, for example, 100 MPa can be present in such a fluidic path, which can be generated by the high-pressure pump 20 .
- the pressure in the sample loop 204 may be less than 0.1 MPa.
- the pressure in the sample loop 204 is also high, for example 100 MPa.
- the needle 202 can be deployed from a suitably configured seat 208 so that the needle 202 can be inserted into the sample container 214 containing a fluidic sample to be received into the needle 202. If the metering pump 210 has sucked the liquid into the needle 202 and an adjacent area of the sample loop 204 by pulling back a piston while the needle 202 is dipping into the sample container 214, the needle 202 is moved back into the seat 208, the fluid valve 90 is switched accordingly and thus the aspirated sample injected through a seat capillary 216 and the fluid valve 90 in the path between pump 20 and 30 separation device.
- Figure 2 also shows an optional flushing pump 212 and an optional flushing seat 223.
- FIG. 2 also shows schematically the structure of the fluid valve 90 according to an exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 2 shows the fluid valve 90 in the connected state in the sample injector 40 in a plan view and also in a cross-sectional view.
- the fluidic valve 90 serves here as an injector valve for injecting a fluidic sample from the sample injector 40 into a separation path between the Pump 20 and the chromatographic separation column as a separation device 30.
- the fluid valve 90 has the first disc-shaped valve body 92, which contains nine connection ports 96 in the exemplary embodiment shown. These are connected to the individual structural components 20, 30, 40 of the sample separation device 10, as shown in FIG.
- the first valve body 92 is configured as a stator of the fluid valve 90 designed as a rotary valve and connects in a fluid-tight manner to capillaries 99 which are then fluidly connected to the individual structural components 20, 30, 40, etc.
- the second disc-shaped valve body 94 is designed as a rotatable rotor of the fluid valve 90 and in this case has a linear radial channel 98 and three ring-shaped closed channels 98 in the form of grooves, which are formed as circumferential depressions in a planar surface of the disc-shaped second valve body 94 are trained. If the channels 98 are arranged between the first valve body 92 and the second valve body 94 coupled thereto in a fluid-tight manner, a fluid line which is closed in the form of a ring is formed between them and through which a fluidic sample or a mobile phase can be passed.
- the rotatably mounted second valve body 94 can be rotated about the axis of rotation 299 relative to the statically mounted first valve body 92 in order to achieve different fluidic coupling or decoupling states between the individual connection ports 96, mediated by the annularly closed channel structures arranged in between or in a bridging manner 98 to train.
- the first valve body 92 and the second valve body 94 each have opposing surfaces which together form an active surface and are shown schematically as coupling surface K in the cross-sectional views of the fluid valve 90 in FIG.
- a large number of ports 100 which are each fluidly connected to at least one of the connection ports 96 open into this coupling surface K.
- the cross-sectional view of the fluid valve 90 in Figure 2 represents an embodiment in which a flow direction of the fluid through the Connection ports 96 takes place in the vertical direction, whereas in the cross-sectional view, a direction of flow of the fluid through the ring channel 98 takes place in a horizontal plane. This allows a reduction in dead volumes and good feasibility. Other configurations are correspondingly possible.
- FIG. 3 shows an example of a first exemplary embodiment of a fluid valve 90.
- the view is a schematic plan view of the coupling surface K shown in FIG. 2 between the first valve body 92 (e.g. a stator) and the second valve body 94 (e.g. a rotor).
- first valve body 92 e.g. a stator
- second valve body 94 e.g. a rotor
- the fluid valve 90 has a multiplicity of ports 100, which can each be connected to the external connection ports 96 (not shown here).
- a first port 100A lies on a first circular path 300 around the axis of rotation 299, which is located in the middle and is shown schematically as a point.
- a second port 100B is located with further ports 100C-100M on a second circular path 310 around the axis of rotation 299. For reasons of clarity the second circular path 310 is not shown explicitly, but results from viewing the ports 100B-100M together.
- the fluid valve 90 also has a first channel 320 and a second channel 330 .
- the channels 320 and 330 correspond to the channels 98 shown in FIG. 2, but for the sake of clarity and better understanding they are to be identified below with different reference numbers.
- the first channel 320 is an annular channel along the first circular path 300 and can be formed, for example, as an annular groove or other indentation in the surface of the first valve body 92 acting toward the coupling surface K.
- the second channel 330 is shown in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG.
- the second channel 330 forms a first (fluidic) crosspoint 330A on the first orbit 300 and thus with the first channel 320, a second (fluidic) coupling point 330B on the second circular path 310 and thus with the port 100B, and a third (fluidic) coupling point 330C in turn on the first circular path 300 and thus with the first channel 320.
- the area of the second channel 330 that is to be fluidically coupled to the second coupling point 330B is designed as a circular segment 330D lying on the second circular path 310.
- the length of the circular segment 300D along the second circular path 310 is selected in the same way as the distance between two adjacent ports 100, so that the circular segment 300D can simultaneously overwrite two adjacent ports 100 and be fluidically coupled to them.
- the length of the circle segment 300D can also be selected to be smaller than the distance between two adjacent ports 100 so that only one port 100 can fluidically couple to the circle segment 300D and thus to the second channel 300 .
- the length of the circular segment 300D can also be selected such that more than two adjacent ports can be fluidically coupled to one another through the circular segment 300D.
- the second channel 330 can be formed by a groove or other depression in the surface of the second valve body 94 acting towards the coupling surface K.
- first valve body 92 By rotating the first valve body 92 relative to the second valve body 94, for example by rotating the rotor 94 relative to the stator 92, a fluidic coupling can now be established between the first port 100A (on the first circular path 300) and either one port or two adjacent ports of the plurality of ports 100B-100M on the second circuit.
- the second port 100B fluidly couples to the second channel 330.
- the second channel 330 forms a ring-shaped closed channel 340 together with a segment 320A (between the first coupling point 330A and the third coupling point 330C) of the first channel 320.
- the ring-shaped closed channel 340 is formed by at least one channel segment 320A, which lies in the first valve body 92, and at least one channel segment 330, which lies in the second valve body 94 is located.
- the channel 340 closed in the form of a ring is formed by a channel structure 320A of the stator 92 and a channel structure 330 of the rotor 94 .
- This interaction of channel structures of both the stator and the rotor to form a ring-shaped closed channel 340 allows (compared to a ring channel located exclusively in the rotor or stator) an additional degree of freedom in the design of the fluidic connections and in particular in a design of a flushability of such fluidic connections.
- the coupling points mentioned do not have a fixed position or a defined extent, but that they are representative of a fluidic coupling that results from a geometric coupling of the respective channels and ports to one another.
- the respective geometric coupling also defines the spatial extent of a respective coupling point.
- the first crosspoint 330A results from the geometric merging of the first channel 320 and one end of the second channel 330.
- the third crosspoint 330C also results from the geometric merging of the first channel 320 with the other end of the second channel 330.
- the second coupling point 330B in turn results from the geometric merging of the segment of the second channel 330 lying on the second circular path with the second port 100B.
- the coupling points shown in FIG. 3 are essentially punctiform with an extent corresponding to the respective channel width, other exemplary embodiments are shown below in which the coupling points can also be formed as flat areas, for example due to overlapping channel structures.
- the segment 330D of the second channel 330 lying on the second circular path 310 is designed in such a way that two adjacent ports of the ports 100B-100M can also be connected to one another and simultaneously to the first port 100A (not shown separately in Figure 3).
- the segment 330D of the second channel 330 reach the port 100C at a point in time and thus establish a fluidic coupling to this port 100C, i. h Port 100C then represents a fourth crosspoint.
- segment 330D is selected so that when port 100C is reached there is also a coupling to the second port 100B, at this point in time (and as long as the length of segment 330D is sufficient to close both ports 100B and 100C overwrite and to contact fluidly) both ports 100B and 100C fluidly coupled to the segment 330D and thus to the second channel 330.
- This can be done, for example, in the sense of a “make before break” coupling, i.e.
- both ports 100B and 100C are connected to the second channel at the same time 330 are coupled, so that in this transitional period the fluidic coupling to the port 100C is already established while the fluidic coupling to the port 100B is still maintained.
- such a configuration can prevent the second channel 330 from being fluidically connected to any of the ports 100 at one point in time, which could result in a fluidic seal.
- Figures 4A-4D represent two further embodiment of a Fluid valve 90, wherein Figures 4A and 4B and Figures 4C and 4D each show the same embodiment but in different switching states.
- the fluid valve 90 has a third channel 400 in addition to the first channel 320 and the second channel 330 .
- the second channel 330 with the first coupling point 330A and the second coupling point 330B, which are each on the first circular path 300 fluidly couples to the first channel 320, which is also on the first circular path 300.
- the fluid valve 90 has further ports 100B-100G, which lie on the second circular path 310, as well as a central port 100H in the axis of rotation 299 and ports 1001-100N in a third circular path .
- the third circular path should lie here between the first circular path 300 and the axis of rotation 299 .
- the third channel 400 should be located in the same valve body as the second channel 330, i.e. either in the first valve body 92 or in the second valve body 94, so that the third channel 400 together with the second channel 330 opposite the ports 100 and the first channel 320 can be moved in a rotating manner about the axis of rotation 290 .
- the third channel 400 is fluidically coupled to the central port 100H and also has two radial channel segments 400A and 400B and a channel segment 400C lying on the third circular path, the channel segments 400A-400C representing a circularly closed channel.
- the channel segment 400C allows one or 2 adjacent ports of the ports 1001-100N lying on the third circular path to be fluidically coupled.
- FIG. 4A shows a switching state in which the second channel 330 fluidly couples the ports 100B and 100C to one another
- FIG. 4B shows a switching state in which the second channel 330 only couples to port 100C.
- the second channel 330 and the third channel 400 are positioned relative to one another in such a way that both are fluidly coupled to either one or two ports 100.
- other coupling modes can also be achieved by appropriate angular alignment relative to one another, e.g.
- Figure 4C and 4D show an embodiment corresponding to Figures 4A and 4B, wherein the circular segment 330D of the second channel 330 is longer than the distance between adjacent ports 100 on the second circular path 310.
- 3 or more ports can be connected to one another connected, e.g. in a transition area.
- Figures 5A to 5D represent a further exemplary embodiment of the fluid valve 90 in different switch positions, in which the second valve body 94 is rotated relative to the first valve body 92 about the axis of rotation 299.
- the first channel 320 is not enclosed annular channel as in the embodiments of Figures 3 and 4, but has a first channel segment 320A and a second channel segment 320B, each lying on the first circular path 300 or extending thereon.
- first circular path 300 is the first port 100A and a port 100F, the first port being on the first channel segment 320A and the port 100F on the second channel segment 320B.
- second circular path 310 are the ports 100B-100E.
- the ports 100A and 100F can be connected to one another by a suitable fluidic connection 500, as shown schematically in Figures 5.
- the connection 500 can be implemented, for example, by a corresponding channel structure, for example within the first valve body 92, or by external wiring of corresponding connection ports 96.
- the second channel 330 is shown in Figures 5 with the reference numeral 530 for the sake of clarity.
- the second channel 530 has five interconnected segments 530A-530E.
- a first segment 530A extends along the first circular path 300.
- a second segment 530B extends radially between the first circular path 300 and the second circular path 310.
- a third segment 530C extends along the second circular path 310.
- a fourth segment 530D extends radially between the second circular path 310 and the first circular path 300.
- a fifth segment 530E extends along the first circular path 300.
- the fluid valve 90 can be operated so that the first segment 530A with the first channel segment 320A and the fifth segment 530E with the second channel segment 320B at least partially overlaps. This is explained in more detail below.
- the first port 100A is connected to the port 100C via the first channel segment 320A and the first segment 530A, which overlaps slightly, and the second segment 530B.
- the port 100F is connected to the port 100B via the second channel segment 320B and the fifth segment 530E, which slightly overlaps it, as well as the fourth segment 530D.
- ports 100F and 100B are connected to each other via the third segment 530C.
- connection 500 If a fluidic coupling between the ports 100A and 100F is shown via the connection 500, an annular closed fluidic coupling between the ports 100A, 100C, 100B and 100F can also be achieved with this. This allows these fluidic connections to be flushed out better.
- the second channel 530 is rotated slightly counterclockwise compared to the switching state in Figure 5A, so that only port 100C are connected to ports 100A and 100F.
- Figure 6 shows another embodiment of a fluid valve 90.
- the first channel 320 has three segments 320A-320C, each lying on a circular path 600 about the axis of rotation 299.
- the first and second circular paths 300 and 310 shown in the previous examples coincide in this circular path 600, on which a large number of ports 100, namely the first port 100A, the second port 100B and the ports 100C-100H lie.
- the port 100D is also connected to a central port 1001 via a radial channel 610 .
- the second channel 330 is constructed in a manner similar to that shown in the embodiment according to FIG.
- fluid valve 90 can also be used in other applications and fields of application.
- embodiments of the fluid valve 90 according to the invention can also be used in valve applications other than for sample injection and sample separation, e.g., where good flushability is required.
- Fluid valves according to the invention can also be used within a sample separation device 10 in other positions and for purposes other than sample injection.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
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US18/265,923 US20240027407A1 (en) | 2020-12-14 | 2021-12-07 | Fluidic rotary valve |
CN202180082395.2A CN116601487A (zh) | 2020-12-14 | 2021-12-07 | 流体旋转阀 |
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102020133427.3A DE102020133427A1 (de) | 2020-12-14 | 2020-12-14 | Fluidisches Rotationsventil |
DE102020133427.3 | 2020-12-14 |
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WO2022130120A1 true WO2022130120A1 (de) | 2022-06-23 |
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PCT/IB2021/061396 WO2022130120A1 (de) | 2020-12-14 | 2021-12-07 | Fluidisches rotationsventil |
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US (1) | US20240027407A1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN116601487A (de) |
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Citations (8)
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US3376694A (en) | 1966-07-22 | 1968-04-09 | Dow Chemical Co | Method and apparatus for gel permeation chromatography |
US3916692A (en) | 1973-11-14 | 1975-11-04 | Waters Associates Inc | Novel injector mechanism |
US4625569A (en) * | 1984-01-17 | 1986-12-02 | Toyo Soda Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Liquid injection device |
US4939943A (en) | 1988-02-11 | 1990-07-10 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Sample injector for a liquid chromatograph |
EP0309596B1 (de) | 1987-09-26 | 1993-03-31 | Hewlett-Packard GmbH | Pumpvorrichtung zur Abgabe von Flüssigkeit bei hohem Druck |
DE102013215065A1 (de) | 2013-07-31 | 2015-02-05 | Agilent Technologies Inc. | Fluidventil mit ringförmiger Kanalstruktur |
US20170321813A1 (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2017-11-09 | Ge Healthcare Bio-Sciences Ab | Rotary Valve and Systems |
US10261056B2 (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2019-04-16 | Ge Healthcare Bio-Sciences Ab | Method and valve in continuous chromatography system |
-
2020
- 2020-12-14 DE DE102020133427.3A patent/DE102020133427A1/de active Pending
-
2021
- 2021-12-07 CN CN202180082395.2A patent/CN116601487A/zh active Pending
- 2021-12-07 WO PCT/IB2021/061396 patent/WO2022130120A1/de active Application Filing
- 2021-12-07 US US18/265,923 patent/US20240027407A1/en active Pending
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US3376694A (en) | 1966-07-22 | 1968-04-09 | Dow Chemical Co | Method and apparatus for gel permeation chromatography |
US3916692A (en) | 1973-11-14 | 1975-11-04 | Waters Associates Inc | Novel injector mechanism |
US4625569A (en) * | 1984-01-17 | 1986-12-02 | Toyo Soda Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Liquid injection device |
EP0309596B1 (de) | 1987-09-26 | 1993-03-31 | Hewlett-Packard GmbH | Pumpvorrichtung zur Abgabe von Flüssigkeit bei hohem Druck |
US4939943A (en) | 1988-02-11 | 1990-07-10 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Sample injector for a liquid chromatograph |
DE102013215065A1 (de) | 2013-07-31 | 2015-02-05 | Agilent Technologies Inc. | Fluidventil mit ringförmiger Kanalstruktur |
US10261056B2 (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2019-04-16 | Ge Healthcare Bio-Sciences Ab | Method and valve in continuous chromatography system |
US20170321813A1 (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2017-11-09 | Ge Healthcare Bio-Sciences Ab | Rotary Valve and Systems |
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"Split closed groove in fluidic valves preventing fluid stagnation sections ED - Darl Kuhn", IP.COM, IP.COM INC., WEST HENRIETTA, NY, US, 16 January 2021 (2021-01-16), XP013188729, ISSN: 1533-0001 * |
Also Published As
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CN116601487A (zh) | 2023-08-15 |
DE102020133427A1 (de) | 2022-06-15 |
US20240027407A1 (en) | 2024-01-25 |
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