WO2022124066A1 - Dispositif de télémétrie, procédé de télémétrie et programme - Google Patents

Dispositif de télémétrie, procédé de télémétrie et programme Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022124066A1
WO2022124066A1 PCT/JP2021/042881 JP2021042881W WO2022124066A1 WO 2022124066 A1 WO2022124066 A1 WO 2022124066A1 JP 2021042881 W JP2021042881 W JP 2021042881W WO 2022124066 A1 WO2022124066 A1 WO 2022124066A1
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Prior art keywords
light
frequency
transmitted
unit
light emission
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PCT/JP2021/042881
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
晴彦 寺田
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ソニーセミコンダクタソリューションズ株式会社
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Priority to US18/255,192 priority Critical patent/US20240004072A1/en
Publication of WO2022124066A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022124066A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
    • G01S7/4817—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements relating to scanning
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
    • G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
    • G01S17/32—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
    • G01S17/34—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C3/00—Measuring distances in line of sight; Optical rangefinders
    • G01C3/02—Details
    • G01C3/06—Use of electric means to obtain final indication
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G01S17/50—Systems of measurement based on relative movement of target
    • G01S17/58—Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
    • G01S7/4814—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements of transmitters alone
    • G01S7/4815—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements of transmitters alone using multiple transmitters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/491—Details of non-pulse systems
    • G01S7/4911—Transmitters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/491—Details of non-pulse systems
    • G01S7/4912—Receivers
    • G01S7/4913—Circuits for detection, sampling, integration or read-out
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/491—Details of non-pulse systems
    • G01S7/4912—Receivers
    • G01S7/4917—Receivers superposing optical signals in a photodetector, e.g. optical heterodyne detection

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a range-finding device, a range-finding method, and a program, and in particular, a range-finding device, a range-finding method, and a program that enable high-precision range-finding at low cost.
  • LiDAR Light Detection and Ringing, Laser Imaging Detection and Ringing
  • LiDAR is a distance measuring device that irradiates an object with laser light as distance measuring light and measures the round-trip time obtained from the irradiation timing and the light receiving timing of the reflected light to realize distance measurement to the object. be.
  • the cutoff frequency is high, and the cost is high in order to improve the accuracy.
  • This disclosure was made in view of such a situation, and in particular, it realizes high-precision distance measurement at low cost.
  • the ranging device and the program according to one aspect of the present disclosure include a plurality of light sources of transmitted light, a light emission control unit that individually controls light emission and extinguishing of the light sources of the plurality of transmitted lights, and the transmitted light according to frequency. It is a distance measuring device and a program including a light deflection unit that deflects the light at an angle and a detection unit that detects the interference light generated by the interference between the transmitted light reflected by the measurement target and the received light received.
  • the distance measuring method includes a plurality of transmitted light sources, a light emission control unit that individually controls light emission and extinguishing of the plurality of transmitted light sources, and an angle corresponding to the frequency of the transmitted light.
  • a method for measuring a distance of a distance measuring device including a light deflection unit for deflecting and a detection unit for detecting interference light generated by interference between the transmitted light reflected by a measurement target and received light.
  • the light emission control unit individually controls the light emission and extinguishing of the light sources of the plurality of transmitted lights, the light deflection unit deflects the transmitted light at an angle corresponding to the frequency, and the detection unit deflects the transmitted light at an angle corresponding to the frequency.
  • the emission and extinguishing of light sources of a plurality of transmitted lights are individually controlled, the transmitted light is deflected at an angle corresponding to a frequency, and the transmitted light is received by being reflected by a measurement target. Interference light generated by interference with the received light is detected.
  • the range-finding device 11 in FIG. 1 is a range-finding device that employs a range-finding method called coherent LiDAR (Light Detection and Ringing, Laser Imaging Detection and Ringing), and refers to a frequency of received light slightly different from that of transmitted light. Distance measurement is realized by measuring the beat frequency obtained from the generated interference light by interfering with the locally oscillating light that is light.
  • coherent LiDAR Light Detection and Ringing, Laser Imaging Detection and Ringing
  • Coherent LiDAR is less susceptible to external light than conventional ToF (Time of Flight) LiDAR because it can selectively select received light that is close to the reference light to achieve distance measurement. Highly accurate distance measurement can be realized.
  • ToF Time of Flight
  • the distance measuring device 11 is composed of a light receiving / receiving unit 21 and a circuit unit 22.
  • the light receiving / receiving unit 21 generates a transmitted light to be emitted toward the measurement target 12, irradiates the measurement target 12, and receives the reflected light from the measurement target 12 as the received light, which is slightly different from the transmitted light. It interferes with the reference light and outputs the generated interference light to the circuit unit 22.
  • the light receiving / receiving unit 21 includes a light source unit 31, a light receiving / emitting array 32, and a detection unit 33.
  • the light source unit 31 generates coherent light of a single frequency (bandwidth ⁇ 1 MHz), generates transmitted light TX of a plurality of channels having a predetermined frequency difference based on the generated coherent light, and is linear with respect to time. Is subjected to charp modulation (eg ⁇ 1GHz / 10usec) that changes the frequency, and the waves are combined and output to the light receiving / receiving array 32 via the optical waveguide.
  • charp modulation eg ⁇ 1GHz / 10usec
  • the light source unit 31 generates local oscillation light LO (Local Oscillation) of a plurality of channels having a frequency slightly different from the frequency of the transmission light TX by a predetermined frequency as reference light, and also performs charp modulation in the same manner as the transmission light TX. , Combined and output to the detection unit 33 via the optical waveguide.
  • LO Local Oscillation
  • the light receiving / receiving array 32 includes a transmitting unit (TX unit) 32a and a receiving unit (RX unit) 32b, and irradiates the measurement target 12 with the transmitted light TX and emits the reflected light reflected by the measurement target 12. It receives light and outputs it to the detection unit 33 as received light RX.
  • TX unit transmitting unit
  • RX unit receiving unit
  • the transmission unit (TX unit) 32a has an array-like configuration including an optical deflector whose emission angle depends on the optical frequency, and deflects the combined transmitted light TX in different directions according to the frequency of each channel. Then, simultaneous projection is performed on the visual field including the measurement target for measuring the distance and the relative speed.
  • the receiving unit (RX unit) 32b has an array-like configuration provided with an optical deflector whose incident angle depends on the optical frequency, and simultaneously receives the reflected light of the transmitted light TX from the measurement target, and is optical as the received light RX. It is output to the detection unit 33 via the waveguide.
  • the light receiving / receiving array 32 can increase the number of measurement points (point / sec) per second of the distance measuring device according to the number of channels, and improve the frame rate and the resolution.
  • the detection unit 33 includes a detection circuit 33a, and interferes with the locally oscillating light LO supplied from the light source unit 31 and the received light RX supplied from the light receiving / emitting array 32 to cause interference light having a frequency difference between the two. Is detected and output to the circuit unit 22.
  • the detection circuit 33a includes a Balanced PD (Photodetector) 33a-1 and an amplifier circuit 33a-2.
  • the Balanced PD (Photodetector) 33a-1 includes PD (Photodiode) 33a-1-1 and 33a-1-2.
  • the Balanced PD (Photodetector) 33a-1 amplifies the intermediate output of the PD (Photodiode) 33a-1-1, 33a-1-2 by the amplifier circuit 33a-2, and causes the locally oscillated light LO and the received light RX. It is output to the circuit unit 22 as a signal of interference light consisting of a difference frequency.
  • the circuit unit 22 measures the beat frequency, which is the difference frequency between the locally oscillated light LO and the received light RX, for each channel from the interference light between the locally oscillated light LO and the received light RX. Based on this, the distance to the measurement target and the relative speed to the measurement target are measured.
  • the configuration of the circuit unit 22 will be described in detail later with reference to FIG.
  • the light source unit 31 includes a light emission control unit 51, a TX unit 52, an LO unit 53, and optical MUX 54, 55.
  • the light emission control unit 51 controls the TX unit 52 to generate multi-channel single frequency laser light (SFL), apply chirp modulation to each of them, and output the light to the optical MUX 54.
  • SFL single frequency laser light
  • the optical MUX 54 generates a transmitted light TX by combining a chirp-modulated multi-channel single-frequency laser beam (SFL) supplied from the TX unit 52 to generate a transmitted light TX, and the light receiving / emitting array 32 is connected to the light receiving / emitting array 32 via an optical waveguide. Output.
  • SFL single-frequency laser beam
  • the light emission control unit 51 controls the LO unit 53 to generate multi-channel single-frequency laser light (SFL) having a frequency slightly different from the frequency of the transmitted light TX, and chirp-modulates each of them. Output to optical MUX54.
  • SFL single-frequency laser light
  • the optical MUX 55 generates a locally oscillated light LO by combining a chirp-modulated multi-channel single-frequency laser beam (SFL) supplied from the LO unit 53 to generate a locally oscillated light LO, and the detection unit 33 via a waveguide. Output to.
  • SFL chirp-modulated multi-channel single-frequency laser beam
  • the TX unit 52 and the LO unit 53 generate transmission light TX0 to TX5 and local oscillation light LO0 to LO5 for 6 channels of channels 0 to 5, respectively.
  • the number of channels may be other than 6.
  • the circuit unit 22 includes an RF unit 71, a synthesis unit 72, a signal processing unit 73, and an estimation unit 74.
  • the RF (Radio Frequency) unit 71 is composed of a plurality of oscillators, and generates an AC (Active Current) signal required for frequency shift corresponding to the frequency difference between the locally oscillated optical LO of each channel and the transmitted optical TX. Is output to the synthesizer 72.
  • the synthesizing unit 72 synthesizes an AC signal corresponding to the frequency difference for each channel with respect to the detection result of the interference light between the locally oscillated light LO and the received light RX, thereby shifting the frequency and extracting the signal of each channel. Is output to the signal processing unit 73.
  • the signal processing unit 73 includes a TIA (Trans-Impedance Amplifier), an ADC (Analog to Digital Converter), and an FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) for each channel, and each channel supplied from the detection unit 33 and the synthesis unit 72. Based on the signal of, the beat frequency for each channel is detected and output to the estimation unit 74.
  • TIA Trans-Impedance Amplifier
  • ADC Analog to Digital Converter
  • FFT Fast Fourier Transform
  • the estimation unit 74 estimates (calculates) the distance to the measurement target and the relative speed based on the beat frequency of each channel.
  • the transmitted light TX is a combination of transmitted light TX0 to TX5 composed of single frequency lasers (SFLs) having different frequencies of 6 channels, and the optical frequencies differ by predetermined frequencies for each channel. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, each channel differs by 1 THz.
  • SFLs single frequency lasers
  • FIG. 4 is a waveform showing changes in the optical frequency in the time series when the transmitted lights TX0 to TX5 of channels 0 to 5 are chirp-modulated, and the respective waveforms labeled TX0 to TX5 are shown. , The change of the optical frequency of the transmitted light TX0 to TX5 in time series is shown.
  • the modulation bandwidth (height difference of the optical frequency) is set to, for example, 1 GHz, and the interval of one cycle of the chirp modulation is from time 0 to T. Then, as shown by the black solid line in FIG. 4, it is represented by a chirp waveform that rises to 1 GHz at a predetermined rate until the time T / 2, which is the middle timing of one cycle, and then falls at a predetermined rate.
  • the locally oscillated light LO When the transmitted light TX is a multiplexed wave of transmitted light TX0 to TX5 composed of a 6-channel single frequency laser (SFL), the locally oscillated light LO has a frequency slightly different from the frequency of the transmitted light TX.
  • the locally oscillated light LO0 to LO5 composed of a single frequency laser (SFL) composed of the above is considered to be a multiplexed combined wave.
  • the difference between the frequency of each channel of the locally oscillated light LO and the frequency of each channel of the transmitted light TX has a different value depending on the channel number, for example, the channel number (0 to 5) ⁇ 2 GHz. Moreover, the respective frequency differences are kept strictly constant by the light emission control unit 51, including fluctuations due to charp modulation.
  • the local oscillation light LO0 of channel 0 has a reference minimum frequency of 190.000THz
  • the transmission light TX0 of channel 1 has a reference minimum frequency of 190.000THz
  • the difference between the two is 0.
  • the chevron waveform that changes due to chirp modulation also has a chevron peak at time T / 2, and a consistent waveform is maintained so that the difference between the two is 0 GHz.
  • the local oscillation light LO1 has a reference minimum frequency of 191.00 THz
  • the transmission light TX1 has a reference minimum frequency of 191.02 THz
  • the chevron waveform that changes due to chirp modulation also has a chevron peak at time T / 2, and a consistent waveform is maintained so that the difference between the two is 2 GHz.
  • the local oscillation light LO5 has a reference minimum frequency of 195.000 THz
  • the transmission light TX5 has a reference minimum frequency of 195.010 THz
  • the chevron waveform that changes due to chirp modulation also has a chevron peak at time T / 2, and a consistent waveform is maintained so that the difference between the two is 10 GHz.
  • the received light RX0 to RX5 are displaced in the frequency direction (vertical direction in FIG. 4) with respect to the transmitted light TX0 to TX5 due to the optical Doppler shift according to the relative speed with respect to the measurement target 12, respectively. .. Therefore, in FIG. 4, an example in which the deviation S occurs by a predetermined value is shown, but if the relative speed is 0, the deviation S becomes 0 and the deviation in the frequency direction disappears.
  • the detection unit 33 mixes the received light RX and the locally oscillated light LO to interfere with each other, and extracts the difference frequency as an interference wave.
  • the frequency component exceeding the cutoff frequency of the PD (Photo Diode) 33a-1-1 and 33a-1-2 constituting the Balanced PD (Photodetector) 33a-1 is removed, so that the detection circuit 33a is detected. From the output of the circuit 33a (output from the intermediate terminals of the two PDs (Photo Diodes) 33a-1-1 and 33a-1-2 connected in series constituting the Balanced PD33a-1 in the detection circuit 33a of FIG. 3).
  • a waveform in which the frequency fd3, the difference frequency fd4 between the locally oscillated light LO4 and the received light RX4, and the difference frequency fd5 between the locally oscillated light LO5 and the received light RX5 are superimposed is output.
  • the output from the detection circuit 33a is combined with the AC (Alternating Current) signal (for example, channel (0 to 5) ⁇ 2 GHz) according to the channel number generated by the RF unit 71 in the synthesizer 72 to obtain a frequency. It is shifted and signal processing is performed by the signal processing unit 73 for each channel.
  • AC Alternating Current
  • the frequency-shifted signal is converted from AC current to AC voltage by TIA (Trans-Impedance Amplifier), converted from analog signal to digital by ADC (Analog to Digital Converter), and converted to digital by FFT (Fast Fourier Transform).
  • TIA Trans-Impedance Amplifier
  • ADC Analog to Digital Converter
  • FFT Fast Fourier Transform
  • the estimation unit 74 estimates (calculates) the distance to the measurement target and the relative speed based on the beat frequency for each channel thus obtained.
  • f down is the beat frequency (in the down chirp modulation) in the state where the frequency change due to the chirp modulation shown in FIG. 5 is decreasing
  • f up is the beat frequency in the state where the frequency change due to the chirp modulation shown in FIG. 5 is increasing.
  • the beat frequency in up-chirp modulation).
  • ⁇ is the chirp velocity, and as shown in FIG. 5, the chirp modulation changes linearly, so it is the slope of this change.
  • ⁇ is the round-trip time of light from the position (measurement position) of the distance measuring device 11 to the measurement target 12, and is a so-called ToF (Time of Flight).
  • the distance d from the position (measurement position) of the distance measuring device 11 to the measurement target 12 is obtained by ⁇ c / 2, where c is the high speed.
  • the distance d from the position (measurement position) of the distance measuring device 11 to the measurement target 12 is calculated by multiplying the sum of the beat frequency in the up chirp modulation and the beat frequency in the down chirp modulation by the light velocity c. It can be calculated (estimated) by dividing by a value four times the velocity ⁇ .
  • ⁇ f Doppler is the amount of frequency change due to Doppler shift
  • ⁇ laser is the wavelength of the frequency of the single frequency laser.
  • the difference between the beat frequency in the up-charp modulation and the beat frequency in the down-charp modulation is twice the frequency change amount ⁇ f Doppler due to Doppler shift, and twice the relative speed v with the wavelength ⁇ laser of the single frequency laser. It is divided.
  • the relative speed v of the position (measurement position) of the distance measuring device 11 with respect to the measurement target 12 is a single frequency laser obtained by dividing the difference between the beat frequency in the up chirp modulation and the beat frequency in the down chirp modulation by 2. It can be calculated (estimated) by multiplying the wavelength ⁇ laser of.
  • the coherent LiDAR is realized by the distance measuring device 11 of FIG. 1 described above, in the light source unit 31, the transmitted light TX and the locally oscillated light LO are generated for each of a plurality of channels. Since a light source twice as many as the number of channels as a light source is required, the cost of the device is increased.
  • the frequency difference between the locally oscillated light LO of a plurality of channels and the transmitted light TX is kept accurately constant, the measurement accuracy of the distance and the relative speed tends to deteriorate, so that a high degree of frequency control can be maintained. It is necessary to improve the accuracy of the configuration of the light source unit 31, which also increases the cost.
  • the cutoff frequency in the configuration of the detection unit 33 and the circuit unit 22 needs to be about 10 GHz at the time of multiplexing of 6 channels as described above, and in order to realize these, the detection unit 33 and the circuit Since it is necessary to improve the accuracy of the configuration of the unit 22, the cost of the device is increased, and it is inevitable that the cost will be increased to realize further multiplexing.
  • the RF unit 71 contains components (spurious / harmonics) other than the desired frequency component, the channel separation becomes incomplete and the measurement accuracy of the distance and the relative velocity is lowered, so that the RF unit 71 It is necessary to improve the accuracy of the oscillator and the synthesizer 72 of the above, and the cost is also increased.
  • the light source of the locally oscillated light LO and the transmitted light TX is shared, and the light emission and the extinction are individually controlled for each channel within the charp modulation cycle to transmit the locally oscillated light LO and the transmitted light. Even if the light source is the same as that of the optical TX, the configuration is such that frequency multiplexing and frequency separation are possible.
  • the ranging device 101 of FIG. 6 generates transmission light of a plurality of channels, receives the reflected light from the measurement target as reception light, and interferes with the locally oscillating light as reference light separated from the transmission light to interfere with the interference. It is a coherent LiDAR that realizes distance measurement and relative speed by generating light and finding the beat frequency from the interference light.
  • the distance measuring device 101 includes a control unit 111, a light emitting control unit 112, a chirp control unit 113, a vertical control unit 114, a horizontal control unit 115, a light receiving / receiving unit 116, TIA117, an ADC 118, and a DSP 119.
  • the control unit 111 is composed of a processor, a memory, and the like, and controls the entire operation of the distance measuring device 101.
  • the control unit 111 controls the light emission control unit 112, the chirp control unit 113, the vertical control unit 114, and the horizontal control unit 115.
  • the control unit 111 includes a control table 111a that stores light emission and quenching of the RSOA array 131 and code information for controlling the phaser array 132, and based on the information of the control table 111a, the light emission control unit 112, And the chirp control unit 113 is controlled.
  • the light emission control unit 112 is controlled by the control unit 111 based on the control table 111a, and controls the light emission and quenching of the RSOA array 131 of the light emission receiving unit 116 for each channel.
  • the chirp control unit 113 is controlled by the control unit 111 based on the control table 111a to control the modulation cycle and the modulation bandwidth of the chirp modulation of the phase controller array 132 of the light receiving / receiving unit 116, and determines the emission frequency of each channel. Raise or lower.
  • the vertical control unit 114 controls the BGF array 133 of the light receiving / receiving unit 116 to roughly control the oscillation frequency of each channel, so that the vertical control unit 114 is vertical according to the frequency of each channel of the transmitted light TX in the optical deflector 138. Controls the emission direction of the direction (V: Vertical).
  • the horizontal control unit 115 controls the minute semiconductor heater provided in the optical division unit 137 to control the phase shift amount, thereby controlling the horizontal direction (H::) of the transmitted light TX in the optical deflector 138 which is the final stage. Horizontal) controls the emission direction.
  • the light receiving / receiving unit 116 generates the transmitted light TX that arrives at the measurement target, receives the reflected light from the measurement target as the received light, detects the interference light between the transmitted light and the received light, and TIA117 as an RF signal. Output to.
  • the optical device group constituting the light receiving / receiving unit 116 is integrated on a semiconductor substrate as a Photonic IC. Further, as the semiconductor substrate, SOI (Silicon-on-Insulator) may be used.
  • the TIA (Trans Impedance Amplifier) 117 converts the RF signal of the interference light detected by the light receiving / receiving unit 116 into a voltage amplitude and outputs it to the ADC 118.
  • the ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter) 118 digitizes the voltage amplitude of the RF signal supplied from the TIA 117 at a predetermined sampling cycle, and outputs it to the DSP 119 as a received signal string.
  • the DSP (Digital Signal Processor) 119 processes digital signal processing, such as fast Fourier transform (FFT) and discrete Fourier transform (DFT), on the digitized received signal sequence. To obtain the frequency spectrum of the interference light consisting of the difference frequency for each channel, detect the beat frequency, and supply it to the control unit 111.
  • FFT fast Fourier transform
  • DFT discrete Fourier transform
  • the control unit 111 estimates (calculates) the distance measurement to the measurement target and the relative speed based on the beat frequency obtained in this way.
  • the method of measuring the distance to the measurement target and estimating the relative speed based on the beat frequency is the same as the method described with reference to FIG.
  • the light receiving / receiving unit 116 includes an RSOA array 131, a phaser array 132, a BGF array 133, a multiplexing unit 134, a separation unit 135, an optical discrimination unit 136, an optical dividing unit 137, an optical deflector 138, a temperature sensor 139, and a detection unit. It is equipped with 140.
  • RSOA Reflective Semiconductor Optical Amplifier
  • phase shifter array Phase Shifter Array
  • BGF Bragg Grating Filter
  • SFL Single Frequency Laser
  • the tunable SFL 141 functions as a laser resonator as a whole by having a structure in which the RSOA array 131, the phase detector array 132, and the BGF array 133 are connected in series.
  • the RSOA array 131 amplifies the light generated by stimulated emission and outputs it to the phase detector array 132.
  • the phase detector array 132 transmits the light generated by the RSOA array 131 to the BGF array 133.
  • the BGF array 133 reflects only a specific optical frequency component of the light from the RSOA array 131 that has passed through the phase detector array 132 to the RSOA array 131 and amplifies it again by the RSOA array 131.
  • the tunable SFL (Single Frequency Laser) 141 functions as a laser resonator by repeating the above series of amplification operations and finally transmitting light from the BGF array 133, and SFL of each channel. To generate.
  • the RSOA array 131 controls the light emission output by the applied current controlled by the light emission control unit 112.
  • the BGF array 133 emits light by roughly adjusting its oscillation frequency (wavelength) by the applied current controlled by the light emission control unit 112.
  • the phase detector array 132 slightly changes the refractive index by the applied current controlled by the chirp control unit 113, finely adjusts the oscillation frequency, and performs so-called chirp modulation.
  • the BGF array 133 is controlled by the vertical control unit 114, and independently controls the oscillation frequency of each channel.
  • the frequency (optical oscillation frequency) of the transmitted optical TX consisting of the SFL of each channel is controlled. This allows the transmitted light TX to be projected at any vertical angle within the scannable range of the light deflector 138.
  • the BGF array 133 By controlling the BGF array 133 in this way, it becomes possible to simultaneously project the transmitted light TX at different vertical angles for each of the plurality of channels independently.
  • the multiplexing unit 134 is composed of, for example, an MMI (multimode interferometer) or the like, and combines a plurality of transmitted light TXs having different optical frequencies into one frequency-multiplexed light, and is connected to the separating unit 135 from one optical waveguide. Output.
  • MMI multimode interferometer
  • the locally oscillated light LO is output to the detection unit 140, and the transmitted light TX is output to the optical discrimination unit 136.
  • the optical discrimination unit 136 is an optical circuit in which the direction of passing light differs depending on the port.
  • the transmitted light TX from the port of the separation unit 135 is emitted to the port to the optical division unit 137, and the light is returned from the port of the optical division unit 137.
  • the received light RX, which is light, is emitted to the port to the detection unit 140.
  • the optical dividing unit 137 includes a port from one optical discrimination unit 136 and a plurality of ports on the side of a plurality of optical deflectors 138, and the transmitted light TX incident from the port of the optical discrimination unit 136 is branched into light. It is an optical circuit that can emit light to a plurality of ports to the deflector 138 and can independently control the phase at each port on the optical deflector 138 side.
  • the optical splitting unit 137 has, for example, a configuration in which a plurality of splitters (optical splitters) and a plurality of microsemiconductor heaters are provided inside, and the heating temperature of the microsemiconductor heater is controlled by the horizontal control unit 115.
  • the phase of each port is controlled by utilizing the fact that the refractive index of the heated waveguide changes due to the thermo-optical effect.
  • the optical deflector 138 is composed of, for example, an optical phased array (OPA), and a plurality of optical waveguides whose phase is controlled by the optical dividing unit 137 are arranged at predetermined intervals, and each of the optical waveguides is arranged.
  • the structure is constricted at predetermined intervals. With such a structure, the optical deflector 138 simultaneously emits transmitted light TX of a plurality of channels having different optical frequencies toward the measurement target at a vertical deflection angle different for each wavelength.
  • the transmitted light TX having a different frequency for each channel emitted from the optical deflector 138 is emitted as, for example, transmitted light having wavelengths ⁇ 1 to ⁇ n corresponding to the frequency for each channel.
  • n is 5.
  • OPA Optical Phased array
  • the temperature sensor 139 measures the temperature of the tunable SFL 141 and supplies the temperature information to the vertical control unit 114.
  • the optical frequency of the tunable SFL 141 has a temperature dependence, so that temperature compensation is required to keep the optical frequency constant.
  • the vertical control unit 114 has both a deflection control function and a temperature compensation function by adjusting the current or voltage applied to the above-mentioned BGF array 133 based on the temperature information from the temperature sensor 139.
  • the temperature sensor 139 is mounted as close as possible to the tunable SFL 141 on the Photonic IC constituting the light receiving / receiving unit 116.
  • the detection unit 140 is composed of an optical coupler and a PD (PhotoDetector).
  • the locally oscillated light LO and the received light RX are mixed by the optical coupler and converted into an RF signal by the PD (PhotoDetector).
  • the optical coupler in the detection unit 140 is, for example, a 180 ° Hybrid 2x2 Coupler
  • the PD is, for example, a BPD: Balanced Photo Diode composed of a pair of two photodiodes having the same characteristics.
  • the output of the PD is taken as the output of the detection unit 140, and includes the difference frequency between the locally oscillated light LO and the received light RX.
  • the configuration of the detection unit 140 is substantially the same as that of the detection circuit 33a described with reference to FIG.
  • FIG. 7 is an example of a reference numeral recorded in the light emission control table 111a as a table.
  • the reference numerals recorded in the light emission control table 111a of FIG. 7 are for light emission control and chirp modulation when six transmission lights TX0 to TX5 having different optical frequencies are multiplexed and used as transmission light TX. This is an example of a code obtained by encoding a control signal.
  • the horizontal axis shows the time slots T0 to T7 when the modulation cycle period of the chirp modulation control is divided into eight equal parts, and the vertical axis shows the transmission in each of the time slots T0 to T7.
  • the up-chirp modulation period and the down-chirp modulation period of the optical TX0 to TX5, as well as the light emission period and the extinction period are shown.
  • FIG. 8 shows six transmitted lights TX0 having different frequencies generated when the light emission of the RSOA array 131 is controlled, based on an example of the reference numerals recorded in the light emission control table 111a of FIG. 7.
  • TX5 shows an example of a waveform showing a change in frequency in a time series when chirp-modulated.
  • the minimum frequency that is the reference of the transmission light TX0 of the channel 0 is 190.000THz
  • the minimum frequency that is the reference of the transmission light TX1 of the channel 1 is 191.000THz
  • the transmission light of the channel 5 is transmitted.
  • the minimum frequency that serves as a reference for TX5 is 195.000 THz.
  • the minimum frequency that is the reference of the transmission light TX2 of the channel 2 is 192.000THz
  • the minimum frequency that is the reference of the transmission light TX3 of the channel 3 is 193.000THz
  • the reference of the transmission light TX4 of the channel 4. The lowest frequency is 194.000THz.
  • the time t1 to t9 is one cycle of the modulation synchronization of the chirp modulation, of which the time t1 to t5 is the up chirp period and the time t5 to t9 is the down chirp period.
  • the modulation bandwidth is the same 1 GHz in the example of FIG.
  • the times t1 to t2 correspond to the time slots T0 in FIG. 7, the times t2 to t3 correspond to the time slots T1, the times t3 to t4 correspond to the time slots T2, and the times t4 to t5 correspond to the time slots T2. Corresponds to time slot T3.
  • times t5 to t6 correspond to time slots T4
  • times t6 to t7 correspond to time slots T5
  • times t7 to t8 correspond to time slots T6
  • times t8 to t9 correspond to time slots.
  • T7 corresponds to T7.
  • channel 0 (Ch.0) of FIG. 7
  • “d” is displayed in the time slots T4 and T5, indicating that the down chirp modulation is performed in the light emitting state and at a predetermined rate.
  • “d” is displayed in a state surrounded by a dotted line, indicating that the down chirp modulation is performed in a state of being extinguished and at a predetermined rate.
  • the frequency of the transmitted light TX0 of the channel 0 is set as shown by the straight line indicated by the solid line with TX0. It is expressed that the light is up-chirp-modulated by linearly rising at a predetermined rate from the reference minimum frequency of 190.000 THz.
  • the optical frequency of the transmitted light TX0 of the channel 0 is extinguished as shown by the straight line indicated by the dotted line with TX0. In the state, it is expressed that the frequency is linearly increased from the frequency at time t3 at a predetermined rate and up-chirp modulated.
  • the frequency of the transmitted light TX0 of the channel 0 is emitted as shown by the straight line indicated by the solid line with TX0. It is expressed that the frequency linearly descends from the frequency at time t5 and is down-chirp-modulated.
  • the optical frequency of the transmitted light TX0 of the channel 0 is extinguished as shown by the straight line indicated by the dotted line with TX0.
  • the frequency is linearly lowered from the frequency at time t7 to the reference minimum frequency of 190.000 THz at a predetermined rate and down-chirp modulated.
  • the transmitted light TX0 is reflected by the measurement target, and the obtained received light RX0 produces a delay ⁇ corresponding to its ToF (Time-of-flight: flight distance, that is, twice the distance to the measurement target), and the time pair In FIG. 8, the frequency relationship is shifted to the right with respect to the transmitted light TX. Further, the received light RX0 is displaced from the transmitted light TX0 in the frequency direction (vertical direction in FIG. 8) due to the optical Doppler shift according to the relative speed with respect to the measurement target.
  • ToF Time-of-flight: flight distance, that is, twice the distance to the measurement target
  • channel 1 (Ch.0) of FIG. 7 “d” is displayed in the time slots T4 and T6, indicating that the down chirp modulation is performed in the light emitting state and at a predetermined rate.
  • “d” is displayed in a state surrounded by a dotted line, indicating that the down chirp modulation is performed in a state of being extinguished and at a predetermined rate.
  • the frequency of the transmitted light TX1 of the channel 1 is emitted as shown by the straight line indicated by the solid line with TX1. In this state, it is expressed that the frequency rises linearly at a predetermined rate from the reference minimum frequency of 191.000 THz and is up-chirp modulated.
  • the frequency of the transmitted light TX1 of the channel 1 is extinguished as shown by the straight line indicated by the dotted line with TX1. It is expressed that the frequency rises linearly at a predetermined rate from the frequency at time t2 and is up-chirp modulated.
  • the frequency of the transmitted light TX1 of the channel 1 is emitted in a state of being emitted, as shown by a straight line indicated by a solid line with TX1. It is expressed that the frequency rises linearly at a predetermined rate from the frequency at time t3 and is up-chirp modulated.
  • the frequency of the transmitted light TX1 of the channel 1 is extinguished as shown by the straight line indicated by the dotted line with TX1. It is expressed that the frequency rises linearly at a predetermined rate from the frequency at time t4 and is up-chirp modulated.
  • the frequency of the transmitted light TX1 of the channel 1 is emitted in a state of being emitted, as shown by a straight line indicated by a solid line with TX1. It is expressed that the frequency is linearly descended from the frequency at time t5 at a predetermined rate and down-chirp-modulated.
  • the frequency of the transmitted light TX1 of the channel 1 is extinguished as shown by the straight line indicated by the dotted line with TX1. It is expressed that the frequency is linearly descended from the frequency at time t6 at a predetermined rate and down-chirp modulated.
  • the frequency of the transmitted light TX1 of the channel 1 is emitted in a state of being emitted, as shown by a straight line indicated by a solid line with TX1. It is expressed that the frequency is linearly descended from the frequency at time t7 at a predetermined rate and down-chirp-modulated.
  • the frequency of the transmitted light TX1 of the channel 1 is extinguished as shown by the straight line indicated by the dotted line with TX1. It is expressed that the frequency is linearly descended from the frequency at time t8 to the reference minimum frequency of 191.000 THz at a predetermined rate and down-chirp modulated.
  • the transmitted light TX1 is reflected by the measurement target, and the obtained received light RX1 produces a delay ⁇ corresponding to its ToF (Time-of-flight: flight distance, that is, twice the distance to the measurement target), and the time pair In FIG. 8, the frequency relationship is shifted to the right with respect to the transmitted light TX1. Further, the received light RX1 is displaced from the transmitted light TX1 in the frequency direction (vertical direction in FIG. 8) due to the optical Doppler shift according to the relative speed with respect to the measurement target.
  • ToF Time-of-flight: flight distance, that is, twice the distance to the measurement target
  • channel 5 (Ch.5) of FIG. 7, in the time slots T4 and T5, "d” is displayed in a state surrounded by a dotted line, and down chirp modulation is performed in a state of being extinguished and at a predetermined rate. It is shown that it has been done, and "d” is displayed in the time slots T6 and T7, indicating that the down chirp modulation is performed in a light emitting state and at a predetermined rate.
  • the frequency of the transmitted light TX5 of the channel 5 is set as shown by the straight line indicated by the dotted line with TX5. In the extinguished state, it is expressed that it rises linearly at a predetermined rate from the reference minimum frequency of 195.000 THz and is up-chirp modulated.
  • the frequency of the transmitted light TX5 of the channel 5 is emitted as shown by the straight line indicated by the solid line with TX0. It is expressed that the frequency is linearly increased from the frequency at time t3 at a predetermined rate and up-chirp modulated.
  • the frequency of the transmitted light TX5 of the channel 5 is extinguished as shown by the straight line indicated by the dotted line with TX5. It is expressed that the frequency is linearly descended from the frequency at time t5 at a predetermined rate and down-chirp modulated.
  • the frequency of the transmitted light TX5 of the channel 5 is emitted as shown by the straight line indicated by the solid line with TX0. It is expressed that the frequency is linearly descended from the frequency at time t7 to the reference minimum frequency of 195.000 THz at a predetermined rate and down-chirp modulated.
  • the transmitted light TX5 is reflected by the measurement target, and the obtained received light RX5 produces a delay ⁇ corresponding to its ToF (Time-of-flight: flight distance, that is, twice the distance to the measurement target), and the time pair In FIG. 8, the frequency relationship is shifted to the right with respect to the transmitted light TX5. Further, the received light RX5 is displaced from the transmitted light TX5 in the frequency direction (vertical direction in FIG. 8) due to the optical Doppler shift according to the relative speed with respect to the measurement target.
  • ToF Time-of-flight: flight distance, that is, twice the distance to the measurement target
  • channels 2 to 4 light emission and chirp modulation are controlled in the same manner as channels 0, 1 and 5 in accordance with the reference numerals recorded in the light emission control table 111a of FIG. 7.
  • the received light RX is converted into an RF (Radio Frequency) signal by the detection unit 140 by using the locally oscillating light LO obtained by separating a part of the power from the same light source as the transmission light TX by the separation unit 135. Will be converted.
  • RF Radio Frequency
  • the RF signal includes the beat frequency, which is the difference frequency between the locally oscillated light LO and the received light RX, for a plurality of channels. Since the frequencies of the locally oscillated light LO and the transmitted light TX are the same, the beat frequency may be rephrased as the difference frequency between the transmitted light TX and the received light RX.
  • the RF signal contains only the components of the chirp-modulated channel in the light-emitting state.
  • the RF signal in the time slot T0 includes the difference frequency between the transmitted light TX0 and the received light RX0, the difference frequency between the transmitted light TX1 and the received light RX1, and the transmitted light TX3 and the received light RX3 in the upcharp modulation. Each component of the difference frequency is included.
  • the RF signal of the time slot T1 includes the difference frequency between the transmitted light TX0 and the received light RX0, the difference frequency between the transmitted light TX2 and the received light RX2, and the transmitted light TX4 and the received light RX4 in the upcharp modulation. Each component of the difference frequency is included.
  • the RF signal of the time slot T2 includes the difference frequency between the transmission light TX1 and the reception light RX1, the difference frequency between the transmission light TX2 and the reception light RX2, and the transmission light TX5 and the reception light RX5 in the upcharp modulation. Each component of the difference frequency is included.
  • the RF signal of the time slot T3 includes the difference frequency between the transmitted light TX3 and the received light RX3, the difference frequency between the transmitted light TX4 and the received light RX4, and the transmitted light TX5 and the received light RX5 in the upcharp modulation. Each component of the difference frequency is included.
  • the RF signal of the time slot T4 includes the difference frequency between the transmitted light TX0 and the received light RX0, the difference frequency between the transmitted light TX1 and the received light RX1, and the transmitted light TX3 and the received light RX3 in the downcharp modulation. Each component of the difference frequency is included.
  • the RF signal of the time slot T5 includes the difference frequency between the transmitted light TX0 and the received light RX0, the difference frequency between the transmitted light TX2 and the received light RX2, and the transmitted light TX4 and the received light RX4 in the downcharp modulation. Each component of the difference frequency is included.
  • the RF signal of the time slot T6 includes the difference frequency between the transmission light TX1 and the reception light RX1, the difference frequency between the transmission light TX2 and the reception light RX2, and the transmission light TX5 and the reception light RX5 in the downcharp modulation. Each component of the difference frequency is included.
  • the RF signal of the time slot T7 includes the difference frequency between the transmission light TX3 and the reception light RX3, the difference frequency between the transmission light TX4 and the reception light RX4, and the transmission light TX5 and the reception light RX5 in the downcharp modulation.
  • the difference frequency is included.
  • the TIA 117 and the ADC 118 digitize the RF signals in the respective time slots T0 to T7 at a predetermined sampling cycle, and output them to the DSP 119 as received signal sequences MT1 to MT7.
  • the DSP 119 digitally processes the received signal sequences MT1 to MT7 and separates them into frequency spectra for each channel.
  • the DSP 119 applies a window function peculiar to each channel to the received signal trains MT1 to MT7, and performs FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) processing (or DFT (Discrete Fourier Transform) processing) to obtain the signal train. Convert to frequency spectrum for each channel.
  • FFT Fast Fourier Transform
  • DFT Discrete Fourier Transform
  • the window function passes the received signal as is for the time slot of the period of emission and up-chirp modulation or the period of down-chirp modulation, and is extinguished and up-chirp modulated.
  • a rectangular window is mentioned, in which the time slot of the period is set to 0.
  • DSP119 expresses the frequency spectrum corresponding to each channel as in the equation (3) by using, for example, a rectangular window.
  • X ch.A, up ( ⁇ ) is a frequency spectrum to which the rectangular window of channel A in the time slots T0 to T3, which is the up-chirp period, is applied.
  • X ch.A, dn ( ⁇ ) is a frequency spectrum to which the rectangular window of channel A in the time slots T4 to T7, which is the down chirp period, is applied.
  • FFT (B, C, D, E) is a frequency spectrum of each channel subjected to FFT processing
  • B, C, D, E are received signals of time slots T0 to T3, respectively, during the down chirp period. It is a sequence, and in the up-chirp period, it is a received signal sequence of time slots T4 to T7, respectively.
  • M TF is a received signal string of the time slot TF.
  • the frequency spectra X ch.0, up ( ⁇ ) during the up-chirp period of channel 0 are the received signal sequences MT0 and MT1 of the time slots T0 and T1 during light emission, and the time slots T2 and T3 during extinction. It is shown that it is the calculation result of FFT when the frequency spectrum of is 0.
  • the frequency spectra of the time slots T0 and T2 during light emission are MT0 and MT2, and the frequency spectra of the time slots T1 and T3 during extinction It is shown that it is the calculation result of FFT when the frequency spectrum of is 0.
  • the control unit 111 estimates the beat frequency of each channel based on the frequency spectrum thus obtained.
  • the beat frequency of channel 0 is the frequency f0 and the beat frequency of the channel 1 is the frequency f1.
  • channels 0 and 1 have been described in the example of FIG. 9, the same can be made for channels 2 to 5.
  • the frequency spectrum in the down-chirp modulation period is also used to beat the frequency having the highest peak height, which is the spectral intensity in the frequency spectrum. It can be judged as a frequency.
  • the control unit 111 estimates the distance to the measurement target and the relative speed by the method described with reference to FIG. 5 based on the information of the beat frequency of each channel specified by the method described with reference to FIG. (Calculate).
  • light emission, extinguishing, and charp modulation are performed by combining light emission and extinguishing of transmitted light TX0 to 5 of a plurality of channels in a time slot in one charp modulation cycle.
  • the beat frequency is measured separately for each channel, and the distance measurement to the measurement target and the relative speed measurement are realized. Is possible.
  • step S11 the light emission control unit 112 is controlled by the control unit 111 based on the information in the light emission control table 111a, and controls the light emission and quenching of the RSOA array 131.
  • step S12 the chirp control unit 113 is controlled by the control unit 111 based on the information in the light emission control table 111a, and the optical frequency is controlled by the phase detector array 132 to control the chirp modulation.
  • the vertical direction of the transmitted light TX emitted by the optical deflector 138 which is the final stage, is controlled in advance by the vertical control unit 114.
  • the horizontal direction of the transmitted light TX emitted by the optical deflector 138 which is the final stage, is controlled in advance by the horizontal control unit 115.
  • the tunable SFL 141 composed of the RSOA array 131, the phase detector array 132, and the BGF array 133 generates the transmitted light TX0 to TX5 of a plurality of channels having different frequencies in an array and outputs the transmitted light TX0 to TX5 to the multiplexing unit 134.
  • the multiplexing unit 134 multiplexes the transmitted light TX0 to TX5 of a plurality of channels to form a single combined wave, and outputs the transmitted light TX to the separating unit 135.
  • the separation unit 135 separates a part of the transmitted light TX as the locally oscillating light LO at a predetermined ratio and outputs it to the detection unit 140, and outputs the remaining transmitted light TX to the optical discrimination unit 136.
  • the optical discrimination unit 136 transmits the transmitted light from the separation unit 135 to the optical division unit 137.
  • the optical dividing unit 137 divides the transmitted light TX supplied from the optical discrimination unit 136 so as to correspond to the horizontal direction controlled by the horizontal control unit 115, and outputs the transmitted light TX to the optical deflector 138.
  • the optical deflector 138 deflects the divided transmitted light TX at a vertical angle according to the frequency of each channel multiplexed in the combined wave, and simultaneously emits the divided transmitted light TX as the transmitted light TX.
  • step S13 the optical deflector 138 receives the reflected light of the plurality of channels generated by the transmission light TX of the plurality of channels reflected by the measurement target, and combines them as one received light RX to form the light dividing unit 137. Output to.
  • the optical dividing unit 137 combines the received light RX including the received light of a plurality of channels into one and outputs the received light RX to the optical discrimination unit 136.
  • the optical discrimination unit 136 discriminates the received light RX from the optical division unit 137 and outputs it to the detection unit 140.
  • step S14 the detection unit 140 mixes the received light RX including a plurality of channels with the locally oscillated light LO to generate an interference wave composed of the locally oscillated light LO (transmitted light TX), the received light RX, and the difference frequency. It is generated, the interference wave is converted into an RF signal, and it is output to TIA117.
  • step S15 the TIA 117 converts the RF signal into a voltage amplitude and outputs it to the ADC 118.
  • the ADC 118 digitizes the voltage amplitude of the RF signal at a predetermined sampling cycle to generate a received signal string for each channel and outputs it to the DSP 119.
  • step S16 DSP 119 applies a window function to the received signal string for each channel.
  • step S17 DSP 119 obtains the frequency spectrum for each channel by multiplying the received signal sequence to which the window function is applied by FFT.
  • step S18 DSP 119 detects the peak frequency of each channel based on the frequency spectrum.
  • step S19 the DSP 119 compares the peak intensities of the obtained peak frequencies, specifies the beat frequency for each channel based on the comparison result, and outputs the beat frequency to the control unit 111.
  • step S20 the control unit 111 estimates the distance to the measurement target and the relative speed based on the information of the beat frequency of each channel supplied from the DSP 119.
  • the emission and quenching and the chirp modulation are controlled for each channel by the code stored in the emission control table 111a, so that the transmission light TX of each channel is emitted.
  • the beat frequency is set based on the peak frequency of each channel of the frequency spectrum obtained by FFT processing the received signal sequence based on the RF signal obtained from the interference wave consisting of the difference frequency between the transmitted light TX and the received light RX. I specified it and tried to estimate the distance and relative speed.
  • the number of channels may be other than 6 channels.
  • the number of channels may be set, for example, based on the number of time slots in which the chirp modulation is performed in the light emitting state with respect to the total number of time slots in the period in which the window function is applied.
  • the window function is not limited to the rectangular window described above, and may be another window function, for example, a Gaussian window, a Han window, a Humming window, a Kaiser window, or the like.
  • First variant For example, as shown in FIG. 11, in the case of a measurement target 151 having a large size in the vertical axis direction, a measurement target having the same speed and the same distance can be detected across a plurality of channels.
  • the modulation bandwidth (difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the frequency) of each channel is set to, for example, 1 GHz, but if a plurality of channels have the same modulation bandwidth of 1 GHz, the spectra of the plurality of channels are used. There is a concern that separation will be difficult due to the peaks of the same frequency and the same intensity.
  • the modulation bandwidth of each channel is set to, for example, 1.00 GHz for the transmitted light TX0, 1.01 GHz for the transmitted light TX1, 1.02 GHz for the transmitted light TX2, and 1.03 GHz for the transmitted light TX3.
  • the transmitted light TX4 is 1.04 GHz
  • the transmitted light TX5 is 1.05 GHz.
  • the modulation bandwidth is different for each channel, even if the measurement target at the same speed and the same distance spans a plurality of channels, it is detected as a different beat frequency for each channel. Can be detected.
  • Second modification In the distance measuring device 101 of FIG. 6, when there are peaks of a plurality of frequencies in the frequency spectrum corresponding to the channel, an example of determining the frequency showing the highest peak intensity as the beat frequency of the channel has been described.
  • the same beat frequency may be detected simultaneously in a plurality of channels by chance, although the probability is low. Even in such a case, it is possible to estimate to some extent which frequency is the beat frequency of which channel based on the peak intensity of the frequency spectrum corresponding to each channel.
  • FIG. 12 shows a case where a measurement target showing the same beat frequency for channels 0 and 1 is detected, and the light intensity of the received light RX1 of the channel 1 is half the light intensity of the received light RX0 of the channel 0.
  • the frequency spectrum of each channel of is shown.
  • the numbers added to the upper part of each peak in FIG. 12 indicate the spectral intensity, and indicate that the spectral intensity of the frequency f0 in the frequency spectra X ch.0, up of the channel 0 is 1.
  • the spectral intensity of frequency f0 in the frequency spectra X ch.1, up to X ch.5, up of channels 1 to 5 in order from the left is 0.8, 0.6, 0.6, 0.4, 0.4 from the left. Represents.
  • the beat frequency f0 shows a peak in the frequency spectrum of any channel, but it can be determined that the first measurement target is detected in the channel 0 having the highest spectral intensity.
  • the frequencies of channels 1 to 4 that emit light in either one of the time slots T0 and T1 are emitted.
  • a peak with an intensity about half that of channel 0 appears in the spectrum, and frequency f0 should not be detected in channel 5 which does not share an emission period with channel 0.
  • channel 5 shows a weak peak with respect to frequency f0, it can be determined that there is a measurement target indicating frequency f0 other than channel 0.
  • the peak of frequency f0 of channel 1 is the second highest after the peak of frequency f0 of channel 0.
  • the intensity of the received light RX0 is 0.8 (0.4 in the time slot T0, 0.4 in the time slot T1), and the intensity of the received light RX1 is 0.4 (time slot).
  • the frequency spectrum of each channel matches the frequency spectrum shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 13 shows the frequency spectrum of each channel when a measurement target showing the same beat frequency is detected in the three channels.
  • the intensity of the received light RX0 is 0.6 (0.3 in the time slot T0, 0.3 in the time slot T1), and the received light RX1.
  • the intensity of is 0.4 (0.2 in time slot T0, 0.2 in time slot T2) and the intensity of received light RX3 is 0.4 (0.2 in time slot T0, 0.2 in time slot T3)
  • the frequency spectrum of each channel is shown in the figure. It can be specified by a predetermined estimation process that it matches the frequency spectrum of 13.
  • the above-mentioned predetermined estimation process may be performed by a deterministic algorithm, or machine learning or CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) may be used.
  • a prism and a rotating mirror may be provided instead of the optical deflector 138.
  • FIG. 14 is a configuration example of the ranging device 101 in which a prism and a rotating mirror are provided instead of the optical deflector 138.
  • the distance measuring device 101 of FIG. 14 differs from the distance measuring device 101 of FIG. 6 in that a prism 181 and a rotating mirror 182 are provided instead of the optical deflector 138.
  • the prism 181 is one of the optical elements whose emission angle depends on the optical frequency, and emits transmitted light TX of a plurality of channels having different frequencies in the vertical direction.
  • the rotary mirror 182 is a mirror configured to be rotatable in the horizontal direction about an axis in the vertical direction, and is controlled by the horizontal control unit 115 with respect to the horizontal direction of the transmitted light TX. It is possible to realize scanning, and 2D scanning is possible as in the case of using the optical deflector 138 composed of OPA.
  • the method related to the radiation of the transmitted light TX is different from that of the distance measuring device 101 of FIG. 6, so the description thereof will be omitted.
  • Example of execution by software By the way, the series of processes described above can be executed by hardware, but can also be executed by software.
  • the programs that make up the software may execute various functions by installing a computer embedded in dedicated hardware or various programs. It is installed from a recording medium on a possible, eg, general purpose computer.
  • FIG. 15 shows a configuration example of a general-purpose computer.
  • This personal computer has a built-in CPU (Central Processing Unit) 1001.
  • the input / output interface 1005 is connected to the CPU 1001 via the bus 1004.
  • a ROM (Read Only Memory) 1002 and a RAM (Random Access Memory) 1003 are connected to the bus 1004.
  • the input / output interface 1005 includes an input unit 1006 composed of input devices such as a keyboard and a mouse for inputting operation commands by the user, an output unit 1007 for outputting a processing operation screen and an image of processing results to a display device, and programs and various data. It is composed of a storage unit 1008 including a hard disk drive for storing, a LAN (Local Area Network) adapter, and the like, and is connected to a communication unit 1009 which executes communication processing via a network represented by the Internet.
  • magnetic discs including flexible discs
  • optical discs including CD-ROM (Compact Disc-Read Only Memory), DVD (Digital Versatile Disc)
  • optical magnetic discs including MD (Mini Disc)
  • a drive 1010 for reading / writing data is connected to a removable storage medium 1011 such as a memory.
  • the CPU 1001 is read from a program stored in the ROM 1002 or a removable storage medium 1011 such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, or a semiconductor memory, installed in the storage unit 1008, and loaded from the storage unit 1008 into the RAM 1003. Various processes are executed according to the program.
  • the RAM 1003 also appropriately stores data and the like necessary for the CPU 1001 to execute various processes.
  • the CPU 1001 loads the program stored in the storage unit 1008 into the RAM 1003 via the input / output interface 1005 and the bus 1004 and executes the above-mentioned series. Is processed.
  • the program executed by the computer can be recorded and provided on the removable storage medium 1011 as a package medium or the like, for example. Programs can also be provided via wired or wireless transmission media such as local area networks, the Internet, and digital satellite broadcasts.
  • the program can be installed in the storage unit 1008 via the input / output interface 1005 by mounting the removable storage medium 1011 in the drive 1010. Further, the program can be received by the communication unit 1009 via a wired or wireless transmission medium and installed in the storage unit 1008. In addition, the program can be installed in the ROM 1002 or the storage unit 1008 in advance.
  • the program executed by the computer may be a program in which processing is performed in chronological order according to the order described in the present specification, in parallel, or at a necessary timing such as when a call is made. It may be a program in which processing is performed.
  • the CPU 1001 in FIG. 15 realizes the functions of the control unit 111, the light emission control unit 112, the chirp control unit 113, the vertical control unit 114, and the horizontal control unit 115 in FIGS. 6 and 14.
  • the system means a set of a plurality of components (devices, modules (parts), etc.), and it does not matter whether all the components are in the same housing. Therefore, a plurality of devices housed in separate housings and connected via a network, and a device in which a plurality of modules are housed in one housing are both systems. ..
  • the present disclosure can have a cloud computing configuration in which one function is shared by a plurality of devices via a network and jointly processed.
  • each step described in the above flowchart can be executed by one device or shared by a plurality of devices.
  • the plurality of processes included in the one step can be executed by one device or shared by a plurality of devices.
  • ⁇ 1> Multiple light sources for transmitted light and A light emission control unit that individually controls the light emission and quenching of the light sources of the plurality of transmitted lights, and the light emission control unit.
  • An optical deflection unit that deflects the transmitted light at an angle corresponding to the frequency
  • a distance measuring device including a detection unit that detects interference light generated by interference with received light received when the transmitted light is reflected by a measurement target.
  • the light emission control unit controls the light sources of the plurality of transmitted lights at different frequencies.
  • the ranging device according to ⁇ 1>, wherein the light deflection unit deflects the plurality of transmitted lights having different frequencies at an angle corresponding to the frequency and simultaneously projects the plurality of transmitted lights onto a plurality of fields of view.
  • the plurality of transmitted lights having different frequencies are combined to form one combined transmitted light. Described in ⁇ 2>, wherein the optical deflection unit deflects each of the plurality of transmitted lights coupled to the combined wave transmitted light at an angle corresponding to the frequency and simultaneously projects them onto a plurality of fields of view.
  • Distance measuring device. ⁇ 4> Further provided with a separation unit that separates a part of the combined wave transmission light as locally oscillating light.
  • the detection unit detects interference light generated by interference between the received light and the locally oscillated light.
  • a modulation unit that modulates the frequencies of the plurality of transmitted lights at a predetermined modulation cycle is provided.
  • the emission control unit controls emission and quenching in a pattern unique to each light source of the plurality of transmitted lights in the time interval as a unit when the modulation cycle is divided into a plurality of time intervals.
  • the ranging device described in. ⁇ 6> Further includes a light emission control table in which a code in which a unique pattern for each light source of the plurality of transmitted lights is encoded is registered.
  • the light emission control unit controls light emission and quenching in a pattern unique to each of the plurality of light sources of the transmitted light in the time interval as a unit based on the reference numerals registered in the light emission control table.
  • the number of light sources of the plurality of transmitted lights is set based on the number of divisions when the modulation cycle is divided into a plurality of time sections and the number of time sections in which light emission or extinguishing is set in the modulation cycle.
  • ⁇ 8> The number of light sources of the plurality of transmitted lights is based on the combination of the number of divisions when the modulation cycle is divided into a plurality of time sections and the number of time sections in which light emission or extinguishing is set in the modulation cycle.
  • the distance measuring device according to ⁇ 7>.
  • ⁇ 9> The distance measuring device according to ⁇ 5>, wherein the modulation unit modulates the frequencies of the plurality of transmitted lights with the same modulation bandwidth.
  • ⁇ 10> The distance measuring device according to ⁇ 5>, wherein the modulation unit modulates the frequencies of the plurality of transmitted lights with different modulation bandwidths.
  • ⁇ 11> From the received signal train obtained by photoelectrically converting the output of the detection unit, the received signal train corresponding to the time interval in which the light sources of the plurality of transmitted lights emit light is extracted and subjected to discrete Fourier transform. The distance and relative speed of the measurement target are estimated based on the plurality of frequency spectra corresponding to each of the plurality of transmitted light sources obtained by the above.
  • the ranging device wherein the modulation unit modulates the frequencies of the plurality of transmitted lights with different modulation bandwidths so as to have a frequency resolution equal to or higher than that in the discrete Fourier transform.
  • the distance and relative speed of the measurement target are estimated based on a plurality of frequency spectra corresponding to each of the plurality of transmitted light sources obtained from the output of the detection unit.
  • Distance device. ⁇ 13> The distance and relative velocity of the measurement target are specified based on the beat frequency specified from the plurality of frequency spectra corresponding to each of the light sources of the plurality of transmitted lights obtained from the output of the detection unit.
  • the distance measuring device according to ⁇ 12>.
  • the beat frequency is specified based on a comparison of the magnitudes of peaks of a plurality of frequency spectra corresponding to each of the light sources of the plurality of transmitted lights obtained from the output of the detection unit.
  • Distance measuring device. ⁇ 15> The plurality of frequency spectra corresponding to each of the plurality of transmitted light sources are the time during which the plurality of transmitted light sources emit light in the received signal train obtained by photoelectrically converting the output of the detection unit.
  • the distance measuring device according to ⁇ 12>, wherein the received signal sequence corresponding to the section is extracted and subjected to the discrete Fourier transform.
  • ⁇ 16> The distance measuring device according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 15>, wherein the optical deflection unit is an optical phased array (OPA).
  • OPA optical phased array
  • ⁇ 17> The distance measuring device according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 15>, wherein the light deflection unit is composed of a prism and a rotating mirror.
  • ⁇ 18> The distance measuring device according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 17>, which is a coherent LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging, Laser Imaging Detection and Ranging).
  • a light emission control unit that individually controls the light emission and quenching of the light sources of the plurality of transmitted lights, and the light emission control unit.
  • An optical deflection unit that deflects the transmitted light at an angle corresponding to the frequency
  • a method for measuring a distance of a distance measuring device including a detection unit for detecting interference light generated by interference with received light received by reflecting the transmitted light by a measurement target.
  • the light emission control unit individually controls the light emission and quenching of the light sources of the plurality of transmitted lights.
  • the light deflection unit deflects the transmitted light at an angle corresponding to the frequency.
  • a distance measuring method in which the detection unit detects interference light generated by interference with received light received by reflecting the transmitted light by a measurement target.
  • An optical deflection unit that deflects the transmitted light at an angle corresponding to the frequency
  • a computer that controls a distance measuring device including a detection unit that detects interference light generated by interference with received light received when the transmitted light is reflected by a measurement target.
  • a program that functions as a light emission control unit that individually controls the light emission and quenching of the light sources of the plurality of transmitted lights.
  • 101 ranging device 111 control unit, 111a light emission control table, 112 light emission control unit, 113 chapter control unit, 114 vertical control unit, 115 horizontal control unit, 116 light receiving / receiving unit, 117 TIA, 118 ADC, 119 DSP, 131 RSOA Mask, 132 phaser array, 133 BGF array, 134 multiplexing part, 135 separation part, 136 optical discrimination part, 137 optical dividing part, 138 optical deflector, 139 temperature sensor, 140 detector part, 141 tunable SFL, 181 prism , 182 rotating mirror

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Optical Distance (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de télémétrie, un procédé de télémétrie et un programme qui permettent d'obtenir à faible coût un LiDAR à haute précision Dans la présente invention : l'émission et la désactivation d'une pluralité de sources de lumière sont commandées pour chaque source de lumière selon un motif unique, une telle commande étant effectuée dans une pluralité de temps divisés résultant de la division d'une période de modulation pour la modulation à balayage de fréquence de la fréquence de la lumière de transmission d'une pluralité de canaux ; la lumière d'interférence entre la lumière de réception et la lumière de transmission est détectée et numérisée ; on en fait une séquence de signaux de réception et une transformée de Fourier rapide y est appliquée pour déterminer le spectre de fréquences ; la fréquence de battement est identifiée à partir d'une comparaison de grandeur de pic ; et, en conséquence de ce qui précède, la distance jusqu'à un objet et la vitesse relative de l'objet mesuré sont mesurées. La présente invention peut être appliquée à un LiDAR.
PCT/JP2021/042881 2020-12-08 2021-11-24 Dispositif de télémétrie, procédé de télémétrie et programme WO2022124066A1 (fr)

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JP2020203412A JP2022090856A (ja) 2020-12-08 2020-12-08 測距装置、および測距方法、並びにプログラム

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Citations (7)

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JP2005037354A (ja) * 2003-07-01 2005-02-10 Mitsubishi Electric Corp レーダ装置
WO2007020704A1 (fr) * 2005-08-19 2007-02-22 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Procede de detection de cible et appareil de detection de cible
US20160109565A1 (en) * 2014-10-21 2016-04-21 Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute Of Science And Technology Apparatus for detecting location information of target
WO2017126386A1 (fr) * 2016-01-22 2017-07-27 国立大学法人横浜国立大学 Dispositif de déflexion de lumière et appareil lidar
WO2017141352A1 (fr) * 2016-02-16 2017-08-24 三菱電機株式会社 Dispositif de détection d'objets et dispositif formant capteur
WO2018003852A1 (fr) * 2016-06-30 2018-01-04 国立大学法人横浜国立大学 Dispositif de déviation optique et appareil lidar
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JP2005037354A (ja) * 2003-07-01 2005-02-10 Mitsubishi Electric Corp レーダ装置
WO2007020704A1 (fr) * 2005-08-19 2007-02-22 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Procede de detection de cible et appareil de detection de cible
US20160109565A1 (en) * 2014-10-21 2016-04-21 Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute Of Science And Technology Apparatus for detecting location information of target
WO2017126386A1 (fr) * 2016-01-22 2017-07-27 国立大学法人横浜国立大学 Dispositif de déflexion de lumière et appareil lidar
WO2017141352A1 (fr) * 2016-02-16 2017-08-24 三菱電機株式会社 Dispositif de détection d'objets et dispositif formant capteur
WO2018003852A1 (fr) * 2016-06-30 2018-01-04 国立大学法人横浜国立大学 Dispositif de déviation optique et appareil lidar
WO2019141641A1 (fr) * 2018-01-16 2019-07-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dispositif émetteur destiné à émettre de la lumiere

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