WO2022121597A1 - 一种纸面石膏板及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种纸面石膏板及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2022121597A1
WO2022121597A1 PCT/CN2021/129440 CN2021129440W WO2022121597A1 WO 2022121597 A1 WO2022121597 A1 WO 2022121597A1 CN 2021129440 W CN2021129440 W CN 2021129440W WO 2022121597 A1 WO2022121597 A1 WO 2022121597A1
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water
gypsum
gypsum board
component
paper
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PCT/CN2021/129440
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王永生
刘江峰
白宏成
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北新集团建材股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2022121597A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022121597A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/14Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B38/00Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • C04B38/10Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by using foaming agents or by using mechanical means, e.g. adding preformed foam
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/27Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials

Definitions

  • This article relates to, but is not limited to, a new technology in the field of interior decoration building materials, especially but not limited to a gypsum board and a preparation method thereof.
  • Gypsum is a traditional air-hardening inorganic cementitious material.
  • the gypsum board used as raw material has the characteristics of light weight, heat insulation, non-combustibility, sawing and nailing, sound absorption, humidity control, and beautiful appearance. It has been widely used in construction.
  • the low softening coefficient of gypsum itself 0.3 to 0.45
  • the characteristics of air-hardening materials cause its poor moisture resistance
  • the porosity of the gypsum hardened body is large, and the network structure of the crystal interface is formed by fine cracks.
  • Moisture penetrates into the fine pores to form a water molecule film that produces sharp wedges, which destroys the micro-unit structure and reduces the strength of gypsum products.
  • the solubility of gypsum is high.
  • water contacts gypsum products it is easily dissolved and peeled off by water, and the strength is naturally reduced. Therefore, the strength of gypsum will be significantly reduced in a humid environment. Therefore, in the environment of high humidity, the mechanical properties of the gypsum board with the main raw material of building gypsum are seriously reduced, the sagging and depression of the board surface is obvious, and the service life is shortened, which limits the gypsum board in the kitchen, basement, toilet, bathroom and other relatively humid places.
  • the present application provides a gypsum board with moisture resistance, which has a higher softening coefficient and a lower porosity of a gypsum hardened body, thereby reducing the solubility of the gypsum board in a humid environment.
  • the moisture-resistant gypsum board has a low breaking load loss rate and almost no influence on the moisture deflection even after being exposed to moisture for a long time.
  • the application provides a paper-faced gypsum board, including a board core and a cover paper, and the raw materials of the board core include, in terms of mass fraction, trimetaphosphate, boric acid or borate, tartaric acid or tartrate, renewable Dispersed latex powder, water reducing agent, foaming agent, ordinary Portland cement, coagulant, binder and water;
  • the mass ratio of the coagulant, the binder and the water is (0.12 to 0.22):(0.08 to 0.16):(0.02 to 0.08):(0.1 to 0.5):(0.3 to 1):( 0.04 to 0.15):(1 to 2.5):(0.1 to 0.5):(0.3 to 0.6):(70 to 80);
  • the mass ratio of the gypsum clinker and water is (14.3 to 150): (70 to 80), and the mass ratio of the gypsum clinker and water can also be (14.3 to 100): (70 to 80), and the The mass ratio of gypsum clinker and water may also be (14.3 to 28):(70 to 80).
  • the raw materials of the core plate include in terms of mass fraction: 0.12% to 0.22% of trimetaphosphate, 0.08% to 0.16% of boric acid or borate, 0.02% to 0.08% of tartaric acid or tartrate, 0.1% to 0.5% % dispersible polymer powder, 0.3% to 1% water reducer, 0.04% to 0.15% foaming agent, 1% to 2.5% ordinary Portland cement, 0.1% to 0.5% coagulant, 0.3% to 0.6% binder, 70% to 80% water, the balance is gypsum clinker.
  • the raw material of the board core consists of the above-mentioned raw materials.
  • the water-reducing agent is selected from any one of lignosulfonic acid sodium salt water-reducing agent, naphthalene-based superplasticizer, amino superplasticizer and polycarboxylate superplasticizer or more;
  • the foaming agent is selected from the group consisting of sodium hexaalkyl sulfate, sodium octaalkyl sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium tetradecyl sulfate, hexadecyl sulfate any one or more of sodium sulfate;
  • the coagulant is ball-milled waste gypsum board, and the ball-milled waste gypsum board has a specific surface area of 10,000 cm 2 /g to 30,000 cm 2 /g;
  • the binder is modified starch
  • the modified starch is selected from any one or more of corn modified starch, potato modified starch, tapioca modified starch, and wheat modified starch.
  • the starch alkaline fluidity is between 14S and 20S.
  • the alkaline fluidity test method is as follows: accurately weigh 20 g of sodium hydroxide (analytical grade) and put it in a beaker, dissolve it with a small amount of deionized water, and transfer it into a 500 mL volumetric flask, dilute it to the mark with deionized water, and shake it. Even spare. Weigh 10.00g of starch into a beaker, add 50ml of deionized water, stir on an electromagnetic stirrer for 10min at room temperature, then add 50ml of NaOH solution, continue stirring for 3min, and let stand for 27min. Block the lower mouth of the 4# paint cup with your hand, pour the starch liquid into the 4# paint cup, and release the hand at the same time. Do three parallel experiments, and finally take the average.
  • the coagulant has a specific surface area of 10,000 cm 2 /g to 30,000 cm 2 /g.
  • the redispersible latex powder is selected from any one or more of vinyl acetate, vinyl tertiary carbonate-VeoVa, and ethylene or acrylate.
  • the ordinary Portland cement is selected from any one or more of strength classes 42.5, 42.5R, 52.5 and 52.5R.
  • the Portland cement strength grade is based on the Chinese national standard GB175-2007.
  • the application provides the above-mentioned preparation method of gypsum board, comprising the following steps:
  • step 2) Mix the mixed solution obtained in step 1) with redispersible latex powder, water, water reducing agent, foaming agent, ordinary Portland cement, coagulant, binder and gypsum clinker to obtain gypsum. slurry;
  • the wet board is solidified, it is dried, and the dried gypsum board is trimmed, sealed and packaged to obtain a paper-faced gypsum board.
  • the preparation method consists of the above steps.
  • the water in step 1) accounts for 2% to 5% of the total amount of water used.
  • the temperature of the water in step 1) is 35°C to 50°C.
  • the solution in step 1) can be added by pumping wet to ensure the accuracy and uniformity of the added amount.
  • step 1) the following steps are further included after step 1) and before step 2):
  • the redispersible latex powder and the coagulant are mixed and then ground; or, the redispersible latex powder, starch and the coagulant are mixed and then ground.
  • the following grinding aids can be selected: produce unqualified gypsum board placed in a dry environment, pulverize it into 0.5mm to 3mm particles or grinding aids by a pulverizer, and then ball mill in a ball mill to a specific surface area of 10000cm 2 /g to 30000cm 2 /g, grinding aid was added during the ball milling process.
  • the present application provides an application of component A, component B and component C in improving the moisture resistance of gypsum board in gypsum board, wherein component A is trimetaphosphate, all Described component B is any one or both in boric acid or borate, described component C is any one or both in tartaric acid or tartrate; Described component A, component B and component C is used in combination in gypsum board.
  • the mass ratio of the component A, the component B and the component C is (6 to 11):(4 to 8):(1 to 4).
  • the mass ratio of the component A, the component B, the component C and the gypsum clinker for preparing gypsum board is (6 to 11):(4 to 8):(1 to 4): (714.5 to 1397).
  • the amount of the component A is 0.12% to 0.22% of the raw material for the core board, the component B is 0.08% to 0.16% of the raw material for the core board, and the component C accounts for the raw material for the core board 0.02% to 0.08%.
  • the paper-faced gypsum board provided by the application improves the softening coefficient, core density and porosity of the gypsum board through the synergistic effect of various additives, and finally satisfies the application of the gypsum board under the condition of high humidity environment, and can maintain a high mechanical performance without sagging.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a paper-faced gypsum board, including a board core and a cover paper, and the raw materials of the board core include trimetaphosphate, boric acid or borate, tartaric acid or tartrate, and redispersible latex powder , water reducing agent, foaming agent, ordinary Portland cement, coagulant, binder, water;
  • the mass ratio of the coagulant, the binder and the water is (0.12 to 0.22):(0.08 to 0.16):(0.02 to 0.08):(0.1 to 0.5):(0.3 to 1):( 0.04 to 0.15):(1 to 2.5):(0.1 to 0.5):(0.3 to 0.6):(70 to 80);
  • the mass ratio of the gypsum clinker and the water is (14.3 to 150): (70 to 80), and the mass ratio of the gypsum clinker and the water may be (14.3 to 100): (70 to 80), and the gypsum The mass ratio of clinker and water may also be (14.3 to 28):(70 to 80).
  • the raw materials of the core plate include in terms of mass fraction: 0.12% to 0.22% trimetaphosphate, 0.08% to 0.16% boric acid or borate, 0.02% to 0.08% tartaric acid or tartaric acid Salt, 0.1% to 0.5% dispersible polymer powder, 0.3% to 1% water reducer, 0.04% to 0.15% blowing agent, 1% to 2.5% ordinary Portland cement, 0.1% to 0.5% % coagulant, 0.3% to 0.6% binder, 70% to 80% water, and the balance is gypsum clinker.
  • the raw materials of the core plate are composed of the above-mentioned raw materials.
  • the water reducing agent is selected from any one of lignosulfonic acid sodium salt water reducing agent, naphthalene-based superplasticizer, amino superplasticizer and polycarboxylic acid superplasticizing agent or more;
  • the foaming agent is selected from sodium hexaalkyl sulfate, sodium octaalkyl sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium tetradecyl sulfate, hexadecyl sulfate any one or more of sodium sulfate;
  • the coagulant is ball-milled waste gypsum board, and the specific surface area of the waste gypsum board after ball milling is 10,000 cm 2 /g to 30,000 cm 2 /g;
  • the binder is modified starch
  • the modified starch is selected from any one or more of corn modified starch, potato modified starch, tapioca modified starch, and wheat modified starch.
  • the starch alkaline fluidity is between 14S and 20S.
  • the alkaline fluidity test method is as follows: accurately weigh 20 g of sodium hydroxide (analytical grade) and put it in a beaker, dissolve it with a small amount of deionized water, and transfer it into a 500 mL volumetric flask, dilute it to the mark with deionized water, and shake it. Even spare. Weigh 10.00g of starch into a beaker, add 50ml of deionized water, stir on an electromagnetic stirrer for 10min at room temperature, then add 50ml of NaOH solution, continue stirring for 3min, and let stand for 27min. Block the lower mouth of the 4# paint cup with your hand, pour the starch liquid into the 4# paint cup, and release the hand at the same time. Do three parallel experiments, and finally take the average.
  • the redispersible latex powder is selected from any one or more of vinyl acetate, vinyl tertiary carbonate-VeoVa, and ethylene or acrylate.
  • the ordinary Portland cement is selected from any one or more of strength grades of 42.5, 42.5R, 52.5 and 52.5R.
  • the Portland cement strength grade is based on the Chinese national standard GB175-2007.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides the above-mentioned preparation method of gypsum board, comprising the following steps:
  • step 2) Mix the mixed solution obtained in step 1) with redispersible latex powder, water, water reducing agent, foaming agent, ordinary Portland cement, coagulant, binder and gypsum clinker to obtain gypsum. slurry;
  • the wet board is solidified, it is dried, and the dried gypsum board is trimmed, sealed and packaged to obtain a paper-faced gypsum board.
  • the preparation method consists of the above steps.
  • the water in step 1) accounts for 2% to 5% of the total water consumption.
  • the temperature of the water in step 1) is 35°C to 50°C.
  • the solution in step 1) can be added by pumping wet to ensure the accuracy and uniformity of the added amount.
  • step 1) the following steps are also included after step 1) and before step 2):
  • the redispersible latex powder and the coagulant are mixed and then ground; or, the redispersible latex powder, starch and the coagulant are mixed and then ground.
  • the following grinding aids can be selected: produce unqualified gypsum board placed in a dry environment, pulverize it into 0.5mm to 3mm particles or grinding aids by a pulverizer, and then ball mill in a ball mill to a specific surface area of 10000cm 2 /g to 30000cm 2 /g, grinding aid was added during the ball milling process.
  • the redispersible latex powder is vinyl acetate;
  • the water reducing agent is a naphthalene-based high-efficiency water reducing agent purchased from Jinan Dongfuxiang Trading Co., Ltd., FDN-A brand;
  • the foaming agent is dodecyl sulfate Sodium;
  • starch is modified corn starch; ordinary Portland cement has a strength rating of 42.5R.
  • the tartaric acid is a racemate (DL-tartaric acid).
  • 0.12wt.% of sodium trimetaphosphate, 0.08wt.% of boric acid, and 0.02wt.% of tartaric acid were mixed uniformly, and then fully dissolved by high-speed stirring in water (2wt.%) at 35°C, and added to a small ball mill for preparing coagulant.
  • Internally dispersible latex powder 0.1wt.%, water 73wt.%, water reducing agent 0.5wt.%, foaming agent 0.08wt.%, ordinary Portland cement 1wt.%, coagulant 0.4wt.%, starch 0.5 wt.
  • % and the balance of plaster of paris are transported to a mixer for mixing and stirring to obtain a gypsum slurry, which is poured on the protective paper, lapped and bonded firmly to form a wet board.
  • the temperature of the first zone of the dryer is 135°C to 150°C
  • the temperature of the second zone is 120°C to 130°C
  • the temperature of the third zone is 90°C to 100°C.
  • the dryer speed is 55cm/min to 70cm/min
  • the dried gypsum board was trimmed, sealed, and packaged to obtain a paper-faced gypsum board.
  • the redispersible latex powder is vinyl acetate;
  • the water-reducing agent is a naphthalene-based high-efficiency water-reducing agent purchased from Jinan Dongfuxiang Trading Co., Ltd., FDN-A brand;
  • the foaming agent is dodecyl sulfate Sodium;
  • starch is modified corn starch; ordinary Portland cement has a strength rating of 42.5R.
  • the tartaric acid is a racemate (DL-tartaric acid).
  • % starch and the remaining plaster of paris are transported into a mixer by different methods to be mixed and stirred to obtain a gypsum slurry, which is poured on the protective paper, lapped and bonded firmly to form a wet board.
  • the temperature of the first zone of the dryer is 135°C to 150°C
  • the temperature of the second zone is 120°C to 130°C
  • the temperature of the third zone is 90°C to 100°C.
  • the dryer speed is 55cm/min to 70cm/min
  • the dried gypsum board was trimmed, sealed, and packaged to obtain a paper-faced gypsum board.
  • redispersible latex powder is vinyl acetate
  • water reducing agent is naphthalene series superplasticizer purchased from Jinan Dongfuxiang Trading Co., Ltd., FDN-A brand
  • foaming agent is dodecyl sulfate Sodium
  • starch is modified corn starch
  • ordinary Portland cement has a strength rating of 42.5R.
  • the tartaric acid is a racemate (DL-tartaric acid).
  • the wet board After the wet board is solidified, it enters the dryer.
  • the temperature of the first zone of the dryer is 135°C to 150°C
  • the temperature of the second zone is 120°C to 130°C
  • the temperature of the third zone is 90°C to 100°C.
  • the dryer speed is 55cm/min to 70cm/min
  • the dried gypsum board was trimmed, sealed, and packaged to obtain a paper-faced gypsum board.
  • the raw materials and preparation methods of this example are the same as those of Example 1 except for starch.
  • the starch is modified corn starch, purchased from Shenyang Xuegong Adhesive Technology Co., Ltd., and the alkaline fluidity is 15S.
  • Example 1 The difference between this example and Example 1 is only that the redispersible latex powder, starch and coagulant are ground in a coagulant small ball mill, and then mixed with water, water reducing agent, foaming agent, common silicate Gypsum slurry is prepared by mixing cement, coagulant and plaster of paris;
  • starch is modified corn starch, purchased from Pingyi Jujin Adhesive Factory, with an alkaline fluidity of 16.4S.
  • the other raw material additions are as follows: mix 0.2 mass parts of sodium trimetaphosphate, 0.14 mass parts of boric acid and 0.10 mass parts of tartaric acid, then at 35 ° C of water (the consumption is 2 mass parts) parts) medium and high-speed stirring to fully dissolve, and added to the small ball mill for the preparation of coagulant accelerator 0.45 parts by mass of redispersible latex powder, 76 parts by mass of water, 0.67 parts by mass of water reducing agent, 0.06 parts by mass of foaming agent, common silicate 1.8 parts by mass of cement, 0.2 parts by mass of coagulant, 0.5 parts by mass of starch, and plaster of paris were transported to a mixer for mixing and stirring to obtain a gypsum slurry, which was poured on the protective paper, lapped and adhered firmly to form, and prepared.
  • the temperature of the first zone of the dryer is 135°C to 150°C
  • the temperature of the second zone is 120°C to 130°C
  • the temperature of the third zone is 90°C to 100°C.
  • the dryer speed is 55cm/min to 70cm/min
  • the dried gypsum board was trimmed, sealed, and packaged to obtain a paper-faced gypsum board.
  • the water reducing agent in Comparative Example 1 is a naphthalene-based high-efficiency water reducing agent purchased from Jinan Dongfuxiang Trading Co., Ltd., FDN-A; the foaming agent is sodium lauryl sulfate; and the starch is modified corn starch.
  • the redispersible latex powder is vinyl acetate;
  • the water reducing agent is a naphthalene-based high-efficiency water reducing agent purchased from Jinan Dongfuxiang Trading Co., Ltd., FDN-A brand;
  • the foaming agent is dodecyl sulfate Sodium;
  • starch is modified corn starch; ordinary Portland cement has a strength rating of 42.5R.
  • the tartaric acid is a racemate (DL-tartaric acid).
  • 0.08wt.% of boric acid and 0.02wt.% of tartaric acid were mixed uniformly, and then fully dissolved by high-speed stirring in water (2wt.%) at 35°C, and added to the redispersible latex powder 0.1wt. %, water 73wt.%, water reducing agent 0.5wt.%, foaming agent 0.08wt.%, ordinary Portland cement 1wt.%, coagulant 0.4wt.%, starch 0.5wt.%, and the balance of
  • the plaster of paris is transported to the mixer to be mixed and stirred to obtain gypsum slurry, which is poured on the protective paper, lapped and bonded firmly to form a wet board.
  • the wet board After the wet board is solidified, it enters the dryer.
  • the temperature of the first zone of the dryer is 135°C to 150°C
  • the temperature of the second zone is 120°C to 130°C
  • the temperature of the third zone is 90°C to 100°C.
  • the dryer speed is 55cm/min to 70cm/min
  • the dried gypsum board was trimmed, sealed, and packaged to obtain a paper-faced gypsum board.
  • the redispersible latex powder is vinyl acetate;
  • the water reducing agent is a naphthalene series superplasticizer purchased from Jinan Dongfuxiang Trading Co., Ltd., FDN-A brand;
  • the foaming agent is dodecyl sulfate Sodium;
  • starch is modified corn starch; ordinary Portland cement has a strength rating of 42.5R.
  • the tartaric acid is a racemate (DL-tartaric acid).
  • the wet board After the wet board is solidified, it enters the dryer.
  • the temperature of the first zone of the dryer is 135°C to 150°C
  • the temperature of the second zone is 120°C to 130°C
  • the temperature of the third zone is 90°C to 100°C.
  • the dryer speed is 55cm/min to 70cm/min
  • the dried gypsum board was trimmed, sealed, and packaged to obtain a paper-faced gypsum board.
  • the redispersible latex powder is vinyl acetate;
  • the water reducing agent is a naphthalene-based high-efficiency water reducing agent purchased from Jinan Dongfuxiang Trading Co., Ltd., FDN-A brand;
  • the foaming agent is dodecyl sulfate Sodium;
  • starch is modified corn starch; ordinary Portland cement has a strength rating of 42.5R.
  • the wet board After the wet board is solidified, it enters the dryer.
  • the temperature of the first zone of the dryer is 135°C to 150°C
  • the temperature of the second zone is 120°C to 130°C
  • the temperature of the third zone is 90°C to 100°C.
  • the dryer speed is 55cm/min to 70cm/min
  • the dried gypsum board was trimmed, sealed, and packaged to obtain a paper-faced gypsum board.
  • the redispersible latex powder is vinyl acetate;
  • the water reducing agent is a naphthalene-based high-efficiency water reducing agent purchased from Jinan Dongfuxiang Trading Co., Ltd., FDN-A;
  • the foaming agent is dodecyl sulfate Sodium;
  • starch is modified corn starch; ordinary Portland cement has a strength rating of 42.5R.
  • the tartaric acid is a racemate (DL-tartaric acid).
  • % and the balance of plaster of paris are transported to a mixer for mixing and stirring to obtain a gypsum slurry, which is poured on the protective paper, lapped and bonded firmly to form a wet board.
  • a gypsum slurry which is poured on the protective paper, lapped and bonded firmly to form a wet board.
  • the temperature of the first zone of the dryer is 135°C to 150°C
  • the temperature of the second zone is 120°C to 130°C
  • the temperature of the third zone is 90°C to 100°C.
  • the dryer speed is 55cm/min to 70cm/min, trimming, sealing and packaging the dried gypsum board to obtain a paper-faced gypsum board.
  • Test immediately after drying the drying is to dry the finished gypsum board, and the conditions of the drying operation are: it should be placed in an electric blast drying box in advance, and the temperature should be (40 ⁇ 2) °C. Dry to constant quality under temperature conditions (the mass change rate of the test piece should be less than 0.5% within 24 hours), and then take it out for testing without waiting for the gypsum board to cool down to 25°C before testing. )
  • the moisture deflection test method is carried out according to the Chinese national standard GB/T9775-2008 test method.
  • the following table is a summary of the relevant test data of the moisture-resistant gypsum board with a thickness of 9.5mm under different temperature and humidity environments:

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Abstract

一种纸面石膏板,包括板芯和护面纸,所述板芯的原料按质量分数计包括:0.12%至0.22%的三偏磷酸盐,0.08%至0.16%的硼酸或硼酸盐,0.02%至0.08%的酒石酸或酒石酸盐,0.1%至0.5%的可再分散乳胶粉,0.3%至1%的减水剂,0.04%至0.15%的发泡剂,1%至2.5%的普通硅酸盐水泥,0.1%至0.5%的促凝剂,0.3%至0.6%的粘结剂,70%至80%的水,余量为石膏熟料。所得纸面石膏板具有较高的软化系数、较低的石膏硬化体的孔隙率,从而降低石膏板在潮湿环境下的溶解度,即使在长期受潮后其断裂载荷损失率低、受潮挠度几乎无影响。

Description

一种纸面石膏板及其制备方法 技术领域
本文涉及但不限于一种新型室内装饰建材领域技术,尤其涉及但不限于一种纸面石膏板及其制备方法。
背景技术
石膏是一种传统的气硬性无机胶凝材料,以其为原料的石膏板具有轻质、绝热、不燃、可锯可钉、吸声、调湿、美观等特点,在建筑中得到了广泛的应用;但石膏自身软化系数低(0.3至0.45)、气硬性材料的特点造成其耐潮性差,石膏硬化体孔隙率很大,晶体界面的网状结构是由细微裂纹形成的,在潮湿环境中,水分渗入到微细孔内形成产生尖劈作用的水分子薄膜,破坏了微单元结构,降低石膏制品的强度。另外,石膏的溶解度高,当水接触石膏制品时,容易被水溶解和剥离,强度自然降低,所以在潮湿的使用环境中石膏的强度会明显降低。因此以建筑石膏为主要原料的石膏板在湿度大的环境下,力学性能严重下降、板面出现下垂凹陷现象明显,使用寿命降低,限制了石膏板在厨房、地下室、卫生间、浴室等比较潮湿场所的应用。
发明概述
以下是对本文详细描述的主题的概述。本概述并非是为了限制本申请的保护范围。
本申请提供了一种具有抗潮性能的纸面石膏板,具有较高的软化系数、较低的石膏硬化体的孔隙率,从而降低石膏板在潮湿环境下的溶解度。所述抗潮纸面石膏板即使在长期受潮后其断裂载荷损失率低、受潮挠度几乎无影响。
本申请提供了一种纸面石膏板,包括板芯和护面纸,所述板芯的原料按质量分数计包括:包括三偏磷酸盐、硼酸或硼酸盐、酒石酸或酒石酸盐、可再分散乳胶粉、减水剂、发泡剂、普通硅酸盐水泥、促凝剂、粘结剂和水;
所述三偏磷酸盐、所述硼酸或硼酸盐、所述酒石酸或酒石酸盐、所述可再分散乳胶粉、所述减水剂、所述发泡剂、所述普通硅酸盐水泥、所述促凝剂、所述粘结剂和所述水的质量比为(0.12至0.22):(0.08至0.16):(0.02至 0.08):(0.1至0.5):(0.3至1):(0.04至0.15):(1至2.5):(0.1至0.5):(0.3至0.6):(70至80);
所述石膏熟料和水的质量比为(14.3至150):(70至80),所述石膏熟料和水的质量比还可以为(14.3至100):(70至80),所述石膏熟料和水的质量比还可以为(14.3至28):(70至80)。
所述板芯的原料按质量分数计包括:0.12%至0.22%的三偏磷酸盐,0.08%至0.16%的硼酸或硼酸盐,0.02%至0.08%的酒石酸或酒石酸盐,0.1%至0.5%的可再分散乳胶粉,0.3%至1%的减水剂,0.04%至0.15%的发泡剂,1%至2.5%的普通硅酸盐水泥,0.1%至0.5%的促凝剂,0.3%至0.6%的粘结剂,70%至80%的水,余量为石膏熟料。
在一种实施方式中,所述板芯的原料由上述原料组成。
在一种实施方式中,所述减水剂选自木质素磺酸钠盐减水剂、萘系高效减水剂、氨基高效减水剂和聚羧酸高效减水剂中的任意一种或更多种;
在一种实施方式中,所述发泡剂选自六烷基硫酸钠、八烷基硫酸钠、十烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、十四烷基硫酸钠、十六烷基硫酸钠中的任意一种或更多种;
在一种实施方式中,所述促凝剂为经过球磨的废弃纸面石膏板,废弃纸面石膏板球磨后的比表面积为10000cm 2/g至30000cm 2/g;
在一种实施方式中,所述粘结剂为改性淀粉,所述改性淀粉选自玉米变性淀粉、马铃薯变性淀粉、木薯变性淀粉、和小麦变性淀粉中的任意一种或更多种。
所述淀粉碱性流动度在14S至20S之间。
所述碱性流动度测试方法为:准确称取氢氧化钠(分析纯)20g放入烧杯中,用少量的去离子水溶解后移入500mL容量瓶中,用去离子水稀释至刻度线,摇匀备用。称取10.00g淀粉于烧杯中,加入50ml去离子水,在室温条件下于电磁搅拌器上搅拌10min,然后加入50mlNaOH溶液,继续搅拌3min,静置27min。用手堵住4#涂料杯下口,将淀粉液倒满4#涂料杯,松手同时计时。做三次平行试验,最后取平均值。
在一种实施方式中,所述促凝剂的比表面积为10000cm 2/g至30000cm 2/g。
在一种实施方式中,所述可再分散乳胶粉选自醋酸乙烯酯、叔碳酸乙烯酯-VeoVa和乙烯或丙烯酸酯中的任意一种或更多种。
在一种实施方式中,所述普通硅酸盐水泥选自强度等级为42.5、42.5R、52.5和52.5R中的任意一种或更多种。所述硅酸盐水泥强度等级基于中国国家标准GB175-2007。
又一方面,本申请提供了上述的纸面石膏板的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将所述三偏磷酸盐、所述硼酸或硼酸的盐、所述酒石酸或酒石酸的盐在水中混合均匀;
2)将步骤1)得到的混合液与可再分散乳胶粉、水、减水剂、发泡剂、普通硅酸盐水泥、促凝剂、粘结剂和石膏熟料混合均匀,制得石膏料浆;
3)将石膏料浆浇筑在护面纸上,搭接粘牢成型,制成湿板;
4)待湿板凝固后,进行干燥,将干燥后的石膏板切边、封条、包装得到纸面石膏板。
在一种实施方式中,所述制备方法由上述步骤组成。
在一种实施方式中,步骤1)中的水占全部水的用量的2%至5%。
在一种实施方式中,步骤1)中所述水的温度为35℃至50℃。
在一种实施方式中,步骤1)中所述溶液可以采用泵送湿添加的方式确保添加量的准确性、均匀性。
在一种实施方式中,在步骤1)之后和步骤2)之前还包括如下步骤:
将可再分散乳胶粉和促凝剂混合后磨细;或,将可再分散乳胶粉、淀粉和促凝剂混合后磨细。
可以选用以下助磨剂:生产不合格放置在干燥环境条件下的石膏板,经过粉碎机进行粉碎成0.5mm至3mm的颗粒或者助磨剂,然后在球磨机中球磨至比表面积10000cm 2/g至30000cm 2/g,球磨过程中加入助磨剂助磨。
又一方面,本申请提供了一种组分A、组分B和组分C在纸面石膏板中提高纸面石膏板抗潮能力的应用,所述组分A为三偏磷酸盐、所述组分B为 硼酸或硼酸盐中的任一种或两种、所述组分C为酒石酸或酒石酸盐中的任一种或两种;所述组分A、组分B和组分C在纸面石膏板中联合使用。
在一种实施方式中,所述组分A、所述组分B与组分C的质量比为(6至11):(4至8):(1至4)。
在一种实施方式中,所述组分A、所述组分B、组分C与制备纸面石膏板用石膏熟料的质量比为(6至11):(4至8):(1至4):(714.5至1397)。
在一种实施方式中,所述组分A的用量为板芯原料的0.12%至0.22%,所述组分B占板芯原料的0.08%至0.16%,所述组分C占板芯原料的0.02%至0.08%。
本申请提供的纸面石膏板通过各添加剂的协同效果提高了石膏板的软化系数、板芯密实度、降低孔隙率,最终满足石膏板应用在湿度环境大的条件下,能够保持较高的力学性能,不出现下垂现象。
本申请的其它特征和优点将在随后的说明书中阐述,并且,部分地从说明书中变得显而易见,或者通过实施本申请而了解。本申请的其他优点可通过在说明书中所描述的方案来发明实现和获得。
详述
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白,下文对本申请的实施例进行详细说明。需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互任意组合。
本申请实施例中提供了一种纸面石膏板,包括板芯和护面纸,所述板芯的原料包括三偏磷酸盐、硼酸或硼酸盐、酒石酸或酒石酸盐、可再分散乳胶粉、减水剂、发泡剂、普通硅酸盐水泥、促凝剂、粘结剂、水;
所述三偏磷酸盐、所述硼酸或硼酸盐、所述酒石酸或酒石酸盐、所述可再分散乳胶粉、所述减水剂、所述发泡剂、所述普通硅酸盐水泥、所述促凝剂、所述粘结剂和所述水的质量比为(0.12至0.22):(0.08至0.16):(0.02至0.08):(0.1至0.5):(0.3至1):(0.04至0.15):(1至2.5):(0.1至0.5):(0.3至0.6):(70至80);
所述石膏熟料和水的质量比为(14.3至150):(70至80),所述石膏熟料和 水的质量比可以为(14.3至100):(70至80),所述石膏熟料和水的质量比还可以为(14.3至28):(70至80)。
本申请实施例中,所述板芯的原料按质量分数计包括:0.12%至0.22%的三偏磷酸盐,0.08%至0.16%的硼酸或硼酸盐,0.02%至0.08%的酒石酸或酒石酸盐,0.1%至0.5%的可再分散乳胶粉,0.3%至1%的减水剂,0.04%至0.15%的发泡剂,1%至2.5%的普通硅酸盐水泥,0.1%至0.5%的促凝剂,0.3%至0.6%的粘结剂,70%至80%的水,余量为石膏熟料。
在本申请实施例中,所述板芯的原料由上述原料组成。
在本申请实施例中,所述减水剂选自木质素磺酸钠盐减水剂、萘系高效减水剂、氨基高效减水剂和聚羧酸高效减水剂中的任意一种或更多种;
在本申请实施例中,所述发泡剂选自六烷基硫酸钠、八烷基硫酸钠、十烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、十四烷基硫酸钠、十六烷基硫酸钠中的任意一种或更多种;
在本申请实施例中,所述促凝剂为经过球磨的废弃纸面石膏板,废弃纸面石膏板球磨后的比表面积为10000cm 2/g至30000cm 2/g;
在本申请实施例中,所述粘结剂为改性淀粉,所述改性淀粉选自玉米变性淀粉、马铃薯变性淀粉、木薯变性淀粉、和小麦变性淀粉中的任意一种或更多种。
所述淀粉碱性流动度在14S至20S之间。
所述碱性流动度测试方法为:准确称取氢氧化钠(分析纯)20g放入烧杯中,用少量的去离子水溶解后移入500mL容量瓶中,用去离子水稀释至刻度线,摇匀备用。称取10.00g淀粉于烧杯中,加入50ml去离子水,在室温条件下于电磁搅拌器上搅拌10min,然后加入50mlNaOH溶液,继续搅拌3min,静置27min。用手堵住4#涂料杯下口,将淀粉液倒满4#涂料杯,松手同时计时。做三次平行试验,最后取平均值。
在本申请实施例中,所述可再分散乳胶粉选自醋酸乙烯酯、叔碳酸乙烯酯-VeoVa和乙烯或丙烯酸酯中的任意一种或更多种。
在本申请实施例中,所述普通硅酸盐水泥选自强度等级为42.5、42.5R、 52.5和52.5R中的任意一种或更多种。所述硅酸盐水泥强度等级基于中国国家标准GB175-2007。
本申请实施例还提供了上述的纸面石膏板的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将所述三偏磷酸盐、所述硼酸或硼酸的盐、所述酒石酸或酒石酸的盐在水中混合均匀;
2)将步骤1)得到的混合液与可再分散乳胶粉、水、减水剂、发泡剂、普通硅酸盐水泥、促凝剂、粘结剂和石膏熟料混合均匀,制得石膏料浆;
3)将石膏料浆浇筑在护面纸上,搭接粘牢成型,制成湿板;
4)待湿板凝固后,进行干燥,将干燥后的石膏板切边、封条、包装得到纸面石膏板。
在本申请实施例中,所述制备方法由上述步骤组成。
在本申请实施例中,步骤1)中的水占全部水的用量的2%至5%。
在本申请实施例中,步骤1)中所述水的温度为35℃至50℃。
在本申请实施例中,步骤1)中所述溶液可以采用泵送湿添加的方式确保添加量的准确性、均匀性。
在本申请实施例中,在步骤1)之后和步骤2)之前还包括如下步骤:
将可再分散乳胶粉和促凝剂混合后磨细;或,将可再分散乳胶粉、淀粉和促凝剂混合后磨细。
可以选用以下助磨剂:生产不合格放置在干燥环境条件下的石膏板,经过粉碎机进行粉碎成0.5mm至3mm的颗粒或者助磨剂,然后在球磨机中球磨至比表面积10000cm 2/g至30000cm 2/g,球磨过程中加入助磨剂助磨。
实施例1
实施例1中,可再分散乳胶粉为醋酸乙烯酯;减水剂为萘系高效减水剂购自济南市东富翔商贸有限公司,FDN-A牌号;发泡剂为十二烷基硫酸钠;淀粉为改性玉米淀粉;普通硅酸盐水泥的强度等级为42.5R。所述酒石酸为外消旋体(DL-酒石酸)。
将三偏磷酸钠0.12wt.%、硼酸0.08wt.%、酒石酸0.02wt.%混合均匀,然 后在35℃的水(2wt.%)中高速搅拌充分溶解,与添加到制备促凝剂小球磨机内可再分散乳胶粉0.1wt.%、水73wt.%、减水剂0.5wt.%、发泡剂0.08wt.%、普通硅酸盐水泥1wt.%、促凝剂0.4wt.%、淀粉0.5wt.%,以及余量的熟石膏输送至混合机内混合搅拌制得石膏料浆,将料浆浇筑在护面纸上,搭接粘牢成型,制成湿板。待湿板凝固后,进入干燥机,干燥机一区温度为135℃至150℃,二区温度为120℃至130℃,三区温度为90℃至100℃,干燥机速度为55cm/min至70cm/min,将烘干后的石膏板切边、封条、包装得到纸面石膏板。
实施例2
实施例2中,可再分散乳胶粉为醋酸乙烯酯;减水剂为萘系高效减水剂购自济南市东富翔商贸有限公司,FDN-A牌号;发泡剂为十二烷基硫酸钠;淀粉为改性玉米淀粉;普通硅酸盐水泥的强度等级为42.5R。所述酒石酸为外消旋体(DL-酒石酸)。
将三偏磷酸钠0.14wt.%、硼酸0.1wt.%、酒石酸0.04wt.%混合均匀,然后在40℃的水(2wt.%)中高速搅拌充分溶解,与添加到制备促凝剂小球磨机内可再分散乳胶粉0.3wt.%、水73wt.%、减水剂0.5wt.%、发泡剂0.08wt.%、普通硅酸盐水泥1.2wt.%、促凝剂0.4wt.%、淀粉0.5wt.%,以及余量熟石膏通过不同方式输送至混合机内混合搅拌制得石膏料浆,将料浆浇筑在护面纸上,搭接粘牢成型,制成湿板。待湿板凝固后,进入干燥机,干燥机一区温度为135℃至150℃,二区温度为120℃至130℃,三区温度为90℃至100℃,干燥机速度为55cm/min至70cm/min,将烘干后的石膏板切边、封条、包装得到纸面石膏板。
实施例3
实施例3中,可再分散乳胶粉为醋酸乙烯酯;减水剂为萘系高效减水剂购自济南市东富翔商贸有限公司,FDN-A牌号;发泡剂为十二烷基硫酸钠;淀粉为改性玉米淀粉;普通硅酸盐水泥的强度等级为42.5R。所述酒石酸为外消旋体(DL-酒石酸)。
将三偏磷酸钠0.16wt.%、硼酸0.12wt.%、酒石酸0.04wt.%混合均匀,然后在45℃的水(2wt.%)中高速搅拌充分溶解,与添加到制备促凝剂小球磨 机内可再分散乳胶粉0.5wt.%、水73wt.%、减水剂0.8wt.%、发泡剂0.1wt.%、普通硅酸盐水泥1.4wt.%、促凝剂0.5wt.%、淀粉0.6wt.%,以及余量石膏通过不同方式输送至混合机内混合搅拌制得石膏料浆,将料浆浇筑在护面纸上,搭接粘牢成型,制成湿板。待湿板凝固后,进入干燥机,干燥机一区温度为135℃至150℃,二区温度为120℃至130℃,三区温度为90℃至100℃,干燥机速度为55cm/min至70cm/min,将烘干后的石膏板切边、封条、包装得到纸面石膏板。
实施例4
本实施例的除淀粉外的各原料和制备方法与实施例1相同。所述淀粉为改性玉米淀粉,购自沈阳雪公胶粘剂科技有限公司,碱性流动度15S。
实施例5
本实施例与实施例1的区别仅在于:将可再分散乳胶粉、淀粉和促凝剂在促凝剂小球磨机内磨细,再与水、减水剂、发泡剂、普通硅酸盐水泥、促凝剂、熟石膏混合搅拌制得石膏料浆;
并且所述淀粉为改性玉米淀粉,购自平邑俱进胶粘剂厂,碱性流动度16.4S。
实施例6
本实施例与实施例4的区别仅在于,各原料用量不同,制备方法与实施例1相同:
以石膏熟料用量份为100质量份计,其他原料加入量如下:将三偏磷酸钠0.2质量份、硼酸0.14质量份、酒石酸0.10质量份混合均匀,然后在35℃的水(用量为2质量份)中高速搅拌充分溶解,与添加到制备促凝剂小球磨机内可再分散乳胶粉0.45质量份、水76质量份、减水剂0.67质量份、发泡剂0.06质量份、普通硅酸盐水泥1.8质量份、促凝剂0.2质量份、淀粉0.5质量份,以及熟石膏输送至混合机内混合搅拌制得石膏料浆,将料浆浇筑在护面纸上,搭接粘牢成型,制成湿板。待湿板凝固后,进入干燥机,干燥机一区温度为135℃至150℃,二区温度为120℃至130℃,三区温度为90℃至100℃,干燥机速度为55cm/min至70cm/min,将烘干后的石膏板切边、封 条、包装得到纸面石膏板。
对比例1
对比例1中减水剂为萘系高效减水剂购自济南市东富翔商贸有限公司,FDN-A牌号;发泡剂为十二烷基硫酸钠;淀粉为改性玉米淀粉。
将水75wt.%、减水剂0.8wt.%、发泡剂0.06wt.%、促凝剂0.3wt.%、淀粉0.5wt.%,以及余量熟石膏输送至混合机内混合搅拌制得石膏料浆,将料浆浇筑在护面纸上,搭接粘牢成型,制成湿板。待湿板凝固后,进入干燥机,干燥机一区温度为135℃至150℃,二区温度为120℃至130℃,三区温度为90℃至100℃,干燥机速度为55cm/min至70cm/min,将烘干后的石膏板切边、封条、包装得到纸面石膏板。
对比例2
对比例2中,可再分散乳胶粉为醋酸乙烯酯;减水剂为萘系高效减水剂购自济南市东富翔商贸有限公司,FDN-A牌号;发泡剂为十二烷基硫酸钠;淀粉为改性玉米淀粉;普通硅酸盐水泥的强度等级为42.5R。所述酒石酸为外消旋体(DL-酒石酸)。
将硼酸0.08wt.%、酒石酸0.02wt.%混合均匀,然后在35℃的水(2wt.%)中高速搅拌充分溶解,与添加到制备促凝剂小球磨机内可再分散乳胶粉0.1wt.%、水73wt.%、减水剂0.5wt.%、发泡剂0.08wt.%、普通硅酸盐水泥1wt.%、促凝剂0.4wt.%、淀粉0.5wt.%,以及余量的熟石膏输送至混合机内混合搅拌制得石膏料浆,将料浆浇筑在护面纸上,搭接粘牢成型,制成湿板。待湿板凝固后,进入干燥机,干燥机一区温度为135℃至150℃,二区温度为120℃至130℃,三区温度为90℃至100℃,干燥机速度为55cm/min至70cm/min,将烘干后的石膏板切边、封条、包装得到纸面石膏板。
对比例3
对比例3中,可再分散乳胶粉为醋酸乙烯酯;减水剂为萘系高效减水剂购自济南市东富翔商贸有限公司,FDN-A牌号;发泡剂为十二烷基硫酸钠;淀粉为改性玉米淀粉;普通硅酸盐水泥的强度等级为42.5R。所述酒石酸为 外消旋体(DL-酒石酸)。
将三偏磷酸钠0.12wt.%、酒石酸0.02wt.%混合均匀,然后在35℃的水(2wt.%)中高速搅拌充分溶解,与添加到制备促凝剂小球磨机内可再分散乳胶粉0.1wt.%、水73wt.%、减水剂0.5wt.%、、发泡剂0.08wt.%、普通硅酸盐水泥1wt.%、促凝剂0.4wt.%、淀粉0.5wt.%,以及余量的熟石膏输送至混合机内混合搅拌制得石膏料浆,将料浆浇筑在护面纸上,搭接粘牢成型,制成湿板。待湿板凝固后,进入干燥机,干燥机一区温度为135℃至150℃,二区温度为120℃至130℃,三区温度为90℃至100℃,干燥机速度为55cm/min至70cm/min,将烘干后的石膏板切边、封条、包装得到纸面石膏板。
对比例4
对比例4中,可再分散乳胶粉为醋酸乙烯酯;减水剂为萘系高效减水剂购自济南市东富翔商贸有限公司,FDN-A牌号;发泡剂为十二烷基硫酸钠;淀粉为改性玉米淀粉;普通硅酸盐水泥的强度等级为42.5R。
将三偏磷酸钠0.12wt.%、硼酸0.08wt.%、混合均匀,然后在35℃的水(2wt.%)中高速搅拌充分溶解,与添加到制备促凝剂小球磨机内可再分散乳胶粉0.1wt.%、水73wt.%、减水剂0.5wt.%、、发泡剂0.08wt.%、普通硅酸盐水泥1wt.%、促凝剂0.4wt.%、淀粉0.5wt.%,以及余量的熟石膏输送至混合机内混合搅拌制得石膏料浆,将料浆浇筑在护面纸上,搭接粘牢成型,制成湿板。待湿板凝固后,进入干燥机,干燥机一区温度为135℃至150℃,二区温度为120℃至130℃,三区温度为90℃至100℃,干燥机速度为55cm/min至70cm/min,将烘干后的石膏板切边、封条、包装得到纸面石膏板。
对比例5
对比例5中,可再分散乳胶粉为醋酸乙烯酯;减水剂为萘系高效减水剂购自济南市东富翔商贸有限公司,FDN-A牌号;发泡剂为十二烷基硫酸钠;淀粉为改性玉米淀粉;普通硅酸盐水泥的强度等级为42.5R。所述酒石酸为外消旋体(DL-酒石酸)。
将三偏磷酸钠0.25wt.%、硼酸0.18wt.%、酒石酸0.10wt.%混合均匀,然 后在35℃的水(2wt.%)中高速搅拌充分溶解,与添加到制备促凝剂小球磨机内可再分散乳胶粉0.1wt.%、水73wt.%、减水剂0.5wt.%、发泡剂0.08wt.%、普通硅酸盐水泥1wt.%、促凝剂0.4wt.%、淀粉0.5wt.%,以及余量的熟石膏输送至混合机内混合搅拌制得石膏料浆,将料浆浇筑在护面纸上,搭接粘牢成型,制成湿板。待湿板凝固后,进入干燥机,干燥机一区温度为135℃至150℃,二区温度为120℃至130℃,三区温度为90℃至100℃,干燥机速度为55cm/min至70cm/min,将烘干后的石膏板切边、封条、包装得到纸面石膏板。
测试例
设置2种不同的实验条件,温湿度通过恒温恒湿箱实现。
1、烘干后立即检测;所述的烘干是将纸面石膏板成品进行烘干,烘干操作的条件是:应预先放置于电热鼓风干燥箱中,在(40±2)℃的温度条件下烘干至恒定质量(试件24h的质量变化率应小于0.5%),然后取出测试,不需要等待石膏板降温至25℃后再测试。)
2、烘干后在温度25℃,相对湿度70%的恒温恒湿箱放80min后立即检测;
受潮挠度测试方法参照中国国家标准GB/T9775-2008测试方法进行。下表为该抗潮纸面石膏板9.5mm厚在不同温湿度环境下的相关测试数据总汇:
表1实施例和对比例石膏板的抗潮性能测试
Figure PCTCN2021129440-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2021129440-appb-000002
表2对比例石膏板的抗潮性能测试
Figure PCTCN2021129440-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2021129440-appb-000004
表3:受潮粘结类别说明
粘结性能类别 护面纸粘结情况
I类 纸芯全部粘牢,不裸露石膏
II类 纸芯绝大部分粘牢,少部分裸露石膏
III类 纸芯部分分离,约50%裸露石膏
IV类 纸芯大部分分离,石膏表面有少量纸屑
V类 纸芯全部分离
虽然本申请所揭露的实施方式如上,但所述的内容仅为便于理解本申请而采用的实施方式,并非用以限定本申请。任何本申请所属领域内的技术人员,在不脱离本申请所揭露的精神和范围的前提下,可以在实施的形式及细节上进行任何的修改与变化,但本申请的保护范围,仍须以所附的权利要求书所界定的范围为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种纸面石膏板,包括板芯和护面纸,所述板芯的原料按质量分数计包括:0.12%至0.22%的三偏磷酸盐,0.08%至0.16%的硼酸或硼酸盐,0.02%至0.08%的酒石酸或酒石酸盐,0.1%至0.5%的可再分散乳胶粉,0.3%至1%的减水剂,0.04%至0.15%的发泡剂,1%至2.5%的普通硅酸盐水泥,0.1%至0.5%的促凝剂,0.3%至0.6%的粘结剂,70%至80%的水,余量为石膏熟料;
    所述板芯的原料可以包括三偏磷酸盐、硼酸或硼酸盐、酒石酸或酒石酸盐、可再分散乳胶粉、减水剂、发泡剂、普通硅酸盐水泥、促凝剂、粘结剂、水;所述三偏磷酸盐、所述硼酸或硼酸盐、所述酒石酸或酒石酸盐、所述可再分散乳胶粉、所述减水剂、所述发泡剂、所述普通硅酸盐水泥、所述促凝剂、所述粘结剂和所述水的质量比为(0.12至0.22):(0.08至0.16):(0.02至0.08):(0.1至0.5):(0.3至1):(0.04至0.15):(1至2.5):(0.1至0.5):(0.3至0.6):(70至80);所述石膏熟料和水的质量比可以为(14.3至150):(70至80),所述质量比还可以为(14.3至100):(70至80),所述质量比还可以为(14.3至28):(70至80)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的纸面石膏板,其中,所述减水剂选自木质素磺酸钠盐减水剂、萘系高效减水剂、氨基高效减水剂和聚羧酸高效减水剂中的任意一种或更多种;
    所述发泡剂可以选自六烷基硫酸钠、八烷基硫酸钠、十烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、十四烷基硫酸钠和十六烷基硫酸钠中的任意一种或更多种;
    所述促凝剂可以为经过球磨的废弃纸面石膏板,废弃纸面石膏板球磨后的比表面积为10000cm 2/g至30000cm 2/g;
    所述粘结剂可以为改性淀粉,所述改性淀粉选自玉米变性淀粉、马铃薯变性淀粉、木薯变性淀粉、和小麦变性淀粉中的任意一种或更多种。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的纸面石膏板,其中,所述促凝剂的比表面积为10000cm 2/g至30000cm 2/g。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的纸面石膏板,其中,所述可再分散乳胶粉选自醋酸乙烯酯、叔碳酸乙烯酯-VeoVa和乙烯或丙烯酸酯中的任意一种或更 多种。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的纸面石膏板,其中,所述普通硅酸盐水泥选自强度等级为42.5、42.5R、52.5和52.5R中的任意一种或更多种。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的纸面石膏板的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
    1)将所述三偏磷酸盐、所述硼酸或硼酸的盐、所述酒石酸或酒石酸的盐在水中混合均匀;
    2)将步骤1)得到的混合液与可再分散乳胶粉、水、减水剂、发泡剂、普通硅酸盐水泥、促凝剂、粘结剂和石膏熟料混合均匀,制得石膏料浆;
    3)将石膏料浆浇筑在护面纸上,搭接粘牢成型,制成湿板;
    4)待湿板凝固后,进行干燥,将干燥后的石膏板切边、封条、包装得到纸面石膏板。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的纸面石膏板的制备方法,其中,步骤1)中的水占全部水的用量的2%至5%。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的纸面石膏板的制备方法,其中,步骤1)中所述水的温度为35℃至50℃。
  9. 根据权利要求6至8中任一项所述的纸面石膏板的制备方法,其中,在步骤1)之后和步骤2)之前还包括如下步骤:
    将可再分散乳胶粉和促凝剂混合后磨细;或,将可再分散乳胶粉、淀粉和促凝剂混合后磨细。
  10. 组分A、组分B和组分C在纸面石膏板中提高纸面石膏板抗潮能力的应用,所述组分A为三偏磷酸盐、所述组分B为硼酸或硼酸盐中的任一种或两种、所述组分C为酒石酸或酒石酸盐中的任一种或两种;
    所述组分A、所述组分B与组分C的质量比可以为(6至11):(4至8):(1至4)
    所述组分A、所述组分B、组分C与制备纸面石膏板用石膏熟料的质量比还可以为(6至11):(4至8):(1至4):(714.5至1397)。
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