CN114956760A - 一种石膏组合物和石膏板 - Google Patents

一种石膏组合物和石膏板 Download PDF

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CN114956760A
CN114956760A CN202210680897.1A CN202210680897A CN114956760A CN 114956760 A CN114956760 A CN 114956760A CN 202210680897 A CN202210680897 A CN 202210680897A CN 114956760 A CN114956760 A CN 114956760A
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高喆
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Saint Gobain High Tech Materials Shanghai Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种石膏组合物，包括石膏、二氧化锰和偏磷酸盐，其中二氧化锰的质量分数为石膏质量的0.01‑3％。其中，所述偏磷酸盐为三偏磷酸钠，其质量分数为石膏质量的0.01‑0.5％。本发明还提供一种基于前述石膏组合物石膏板。本发明能够提高石膏板的弯曲强度。

Description

一种石膏组合物和石膏板
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑材料，特别是涉及石膏材料。
背景技术
石膏板是以建筑石膏为主要原料制成的一种材料。它是一种重量轻、强度较高、厚度较薄、加工方便以及隔音绝热和防火等性能较好的建筑材料，是当前着重发展的新型轻质板材之一。
目前常见的是纸面石膏板，纸面石膏板是以石膏料浆为夹芯，两面用纸作护面而成的一种轻质板材。纸面石膏板质地轻、强度高、防火、防蛀、易于加工。普通纸面石膏板用于内墙、隔墙和吊顶。经过防火处理的耐水纸面石膏板可用于湿度较大的房间墙面，如卫生间、厨房、浴室等贴瓷砖、金属板、塑料面砖墙的衬板。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种新的石膏组合物以及基于该石膏组合物的石膏板，能够提高石膏板的弯曲强度。
本发明提供一种石膏组合物，包括石膏、二氧化锰和偏磷酸盐，其中二氧化锰的质量分数为石膏质量的0.01-3％。其中，所述偏磷酸盐为三偏磷酸钠，其质量分数为石膏质量的0.01-0.5％。
所述石膏组合物可进一步包括粘合剂、分散剂、发泡剂、缓凝剂、促凝剂和纤维中的至少一个。
本发明还提供一种石膏板，包括一个芯层和至少一个覆盖层，所述芯层与所述覆盖成形成层叠结构，所述芯层由前述的石膏组合物形成。
所述石膏板进一步包括至少一个设在所述芯层与所述覆盖层之间的底涂层，所述底涂层由前述的石膏组合物形成。
所述石膏板进一步包括加强层，所述加强层位于所述芯层的内部，或者所述加强层位于所述芯层和所述覆盖层之间。
所述覆盖层是护面纸、玻璃纤维毡、玻璃网格布、无纺布或聚乙烯醇层。
本发明的石膏组合物可以提高由其形成的石膏板的弯曲强度，从而提高石膏板的承载能力。
附图说明
图1是按照本发明的石膏板的一个实施例的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面描述本发明的具体实施方式。
在一个实施例中，本发明提供的石膏组合物包括石膏、二氧化锰和三偏磷酸钠。其中，
这里所述的石膏可以是熟石膏(即半水石膏)、生石膏(二水石膏)或无水石膏。优选地，使用煅烧后的二水石膏粉。
所述的二氧化锰为粉末状，可以根据需要确定其粒度，例如，可以是商业途径可得的粒度。所述二氧化锰粉末可以是能够通过商业途径获取的任何二氧化锰产品。其中该石膏组合物中二氧化锰的质量分数为石膏质量的0.01-3％。
所述三偏磷酸钠为粉末状，其粒度可以根据需要确定。三偏磷酸钠可以通过商业途径获得。三偏磷酸钠的质量分数为石膏质量的0.01-0.5％。或者，也可以使用其他的偏磷酸盐替代三偏磷酸钠。或者，在别的实施例中，三偏磷酸钠也可以由其他偏磷酸盐代替。
本发明的石膏组合物还可以根据实际需要而包括可选的其他添加剂，可以是粘合剂、分散剂、发泡剂、缓凝剂、促凝剂和纤维的一个或多个。
该粘合剂可以是淀粉或者聚乙烯醇，其质量分数为石膏质量的0.1-10％。
该分散剂可以是有机或者无机分散剂，优选地，为萘磺酸盐，如萘磺酸纳。该分散剂的质量分数为石膏质量的0.01-1％。
该发泡剂可以是表面活性剂，例如任何在石膏领域常用、可以通过商业途径获取的表面活性剂。该发泡剂的质量分数为石膏质量的0.01-1％。
该缓凝剂可以使有机或无机缓凝剂，其中常用的有机缓凝剂为有机酸类或聚氨基酸类，其质量分数为石膏质量的0.01-1％。
该促凝剂通常为硫酸盐，也可以是其他适用于石膏材料的促凝剂，其质量分数为石膏质量的0.01-1％。
该纤维可以是有机纤维或无机纤维，例如聚合物纤维，如聚丙烯纤维，或者玻璃纤维。该纤维起到增强强度的作用，通常使用短纤维，例如长度小于6mm。该纤维的质量分数为石膏质量的0.5-5％。
如图1所示，在另一个实施例中，石膏板100包括由上述石膏组合物形成的芯层120和分别贴合在该芯层120的两个相对表面的覆盖层140。在这个实施例中，该覆盖层140为护面纸。
可选地，该石膏板具有底涂层160，其设在所述芯层120和至少一个护面层140之间。该底涂层160同样基于上述石膏组合物形成。其中，形成该底涂层160的组合物中通常不含发泡剂，由此该底涂层160的密度大于该芯层120的密度。
该石膏板还可以具有加强层180，其可以设在该芯层120内(如图1所示)，也可以设在该芯层与该护面纸之间。或者，在别的实施例中，该加强层可以取代护面纸。该加强层可以是无机或有机材料制成，例如，玻璃网格布或玻璃纤维毡。
在其他实施例中，覆盖层140也可以是玻璃纤维毡、玻璃网格布、无纺布或聚乙烯醇层。
所述的护面层、其他覆盖层以及加强层均可以通过商业途径获得。
利用正交实验、并按照GB/T9775-2008的测试方法测试由上述石膏组合形成的石膏板的弯曲强度。所测试的石膏板分别由前述石膏组合物的多个实施例形成，这些实施例均包括1000克石膏、15克淀粉以及二氧化锰、三偏磷酸钠。其中表1列出了各实施例中二氧化锰和三偏磷酸钠的质量分数。
所测试的石膏板均由如下工艺制成，包括：1、将石膏、淀粉、二氧化锰和三偏磷酸钠混合；2、加入750克水，并且搅拌均匀，从而形成浆料；3、在模具中设置护面纸，将浆料倒入模具中；4、去除多余浆料，并在浆料上面铺设另一护面纸；5、带浆料初凝后，烘干2小时。测试样品尺寸为长40厘米、宽30厘米和厚9厘米。
表1中列出了所测得的石膏板的各实施例的弯曲强度，单位为牛顿。
表1
Figure BDA0003696230750000041
作为对比例的组合物包括1000克石膏、15克淀粉，通过如与前述实施例相同的方法制备测试石膏板。同样的，所得到的测试石膏板样品尺寸为长40厘米、宽30厘米和厚9厘米。按照GB/T9775-2008的测试方法测试石膏板的弯曲强度，为400牛顿。
由上面表格可见，各个实施例的弯曲强度均超过400牛顿。
在上面的描述中，阐述了本发明的技术方案的细节，然而，本领域技术人员能够了解，本发明不限于上述实施例所列出的具体细节，而是可以在权利要求所限定的范围内变化。

Claims (7)

1.一种石膏组合物，包括石膏、二氧化锰和偏磷酸盐，其中二氧化锰的质量分数为石膏质量的0.01-3％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的石膏组合物，其特征在于，所述偏磷酸盐为三偏磷酸钠，其质量分数为石膏质量的0.01-0.5％。
3.根据权利要求1所述的石膏组合物，其特征在于，进一步包括粘合剂、分散剂、发泡剂、缓凝剂、促凝剂和纤维中的至少一个。
4.一种石膏板，包括一个芯层和至少一个覆盖层，所述芯层与所述覆盖成形成层叠结构，其特征在于，所述芯层由如权利要求1-3任一项所述的石膏组合物形成。
5.如权利要求4所述的石膏板，其特征在于，进一步包括至少一个设在所述芯层与所述覆盖层之间的底涂层，所述底涂层基于如权利要求1-3任一项所述的石膏组合物形成。
6.如权利要求4所述的石膏板，其特征在于，进一步包括加强层，所述加强层位于所述芯层的内部，或者所述加强层位于所述芯层和所述覆盖层之间。
7.如权利要求4所述的石膏板，其特征在于，所述覆盖层是护面纸、玻璃纤维毡、玻璃网格布、无纺布或聚乙烯醇层。
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4021259A (en) * 1972-06-19 1977-05-03 Japan Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd. Gypsum composition
CN108046727A (zh) * 2017-12-30 2018-05-18 应城市嘉鸿技术服务科技有限公司 一种耐磨石膏板
CN208633430U (zh) * 2018-08-03 2019-03-22 泰山石膏有限公司 一种防火抗冲击石膏板
CN109867504A (zh) * 2017-12-04 2019-06-11 北新集团建材股份有限公司 一种抗变形石膏板及其制备方法
CN112679177A (zh) * 2020-12-10 2021-04-20 北新集团建材股份有限公司 一种纸面石膏板及其制备方法
CN113582654A (zh) * 2021-09-02 2021-11-02 黑龙江建筑职业技术学院 一种轻质石膏板

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4021259A (en) * 1972-06-19 1977-05-03 Japan Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd. Gypsum composition
CN109867504A (zh) * 2017-12-04 2019-06-11 北新集团建材股份有限公司 一种抗变形石膏板及其制备方法
CN108046727A (zh) * 2017-12-30 2018-05-18 应城市嘉鸿技术服务科技有限公司 一种耐磨石膏板
CN208633430U (zh) * 2018-08-03 2019-03-22 泰山石膏有限公司 一种防火抗冲击石膏板
CN112679177A (zh) * 2020-12-10 2021-04-20 北新集团建材股份有限公司 一种纸面石膏板及其制备方法
CN113582654A (zh) * 2021-09-02 2021-11-02 黑龙江建筑职业技术学院 一种轻质石膏板

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