WO2022118590A1 - 回転ツール、接合装置および接合方法 - Google Patents
回転ツール、接合装置および接合方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022118590A1 WO2022118590A1 PCT/JP2021/040289 JP2021040289W WO2022118590A1 WO 2022118590 A1 WO2022118590 A1 WO 2022118590A1 JP 2021040289 W JP2021040289 W JP 2021040289W WO 2022118590 A1 WO2022118590 A1 WO 2022118590A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- joined
- shoulder
- stirring pin
- elastic member
- axial direction
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 170
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 20
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 20
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002952 polymeric resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
- B23K20/125—Rotary tool drive mechanism
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
- B23K20/1255—Tools therefor, e.g. characterised by the shape of the probe
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a rotary tool, a joining device and a joining method used for friction stir welding.
- a joining device for performing friction stir welding one that performs load control and one that performs position control in order to control the amount of pushing of the rotation tool with respect to the member to be joined are known.
- Load control was mainly used in a joining device by a robot (robot arm), and position control was mainly used in a joining device by a machining center (MC).
- robot arm robot arm
- MC machining center
- Patent Document 1 As a joining device that performs load control, for example, there is one disclosed in Patent Document 1.
- the joining device of Patent Document 1 controls the press-fitting depth of the shoulder member or the pin member into the object to be joined in order to obtain good joining quality by a suitable system according to the joining conditions.
- a joining device controls the relative position of the pin member with respect to the shoulder member based on the press-fitting reference point set by the press-fitting reference point setting unit.
- the joining device includes a pressure detecting unit, a pressure reference point setting unit, a tool drive control unit, and the like in order to perform the control.
- Patent Document 1 Since the joining device of Patent Document 1 performs load control, its structure is complicated and expensive. Therefore, in recent years, there has been a demand for a rotation tool that can be attached to a relatively inexpensive MC that can only perform position control and that can perform load control. ing.
- the present invention is a rotary tool used for a joining device that performs frictional stirring joining of members to be joined, and has a fixed portion that is attached and fixed to the joining device and a rotating shaft that transmits a rotational force from the joining device.
- the main body portion having a The stirring pin for frictionally stirring the joined member and the stirring pin are provided separately from the stirring pin, and are provided on the main body portion so as to be movable in the axial direction of the rotating shaft without receiving the rotational force from the main body portion.
- a shoulder that presses the member to be joined in contact with the member to be joined is provided, so that the stirring pin and the shoulder can rotate relative to each other and move integrally with respect to the axial direction of the rotation axis.
- a rotation tool that is attached to and constitutes an assembly and further comprises a first elastic member that urges the assembly toward the tip of the stirring pin with respect to the axial direction of the axis of rotation. be.
- the main body is slidably housed in a cylindrical holder attached to the rotation shaft and a center portion of the holder in the direction of the rotation axis, and is a slide that rotates synchronously with the holder.
- the assembly further has a shaft, the assembly is provided at the tip of the slide shaft, and the slide shaft is urged toward the tip side of the assembly via the first elastic member.
- the first elastic member is preferably arranged so as to surround the lower part of the slide shaft.
- the first elastic member is housed inside the holder and is arranged between the base end portion of the slide shaft and the fixing portion side of the holder.
- a long groove-shaped key groove is formed in either the holder or the slide shaft in the axial direction of the rotation shaft, and the other side intersects the axial direction of the rotation shaft.
- a key is formed so as to be fitted into the key groove, and as the slide shaft moves in the axial direction, the key moves inside the key groove along the axial direction of the rotation shaft. It is preferable that the holder and the slide shaft rotate synchronously when the key and the key groove come into contact with each other in the circumferential direction as the holder rotates.
- a bearing is interposed between the shoulder and the stirring pin.
- the rotation tool of the present invention further includes a second elastic member that urges the shoulder toward the tip end side of the stirring pin with respect to the axial direction of the rotation axis.
- the rotation tool of the present invention preferably further includes a holding portion for holding the shoulder in a non-rotating state.
- the first elastic member is preferably an elastic member that applies an elastic force by at least one selected from a solid spring, a fluid spring, a magnetic force, and an electromagnetic force.
- the second invention is a joining device including the rotation tool according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a power means for outputting a rotational force transmitted to the rotation axis of the rotation tool. And a position control means for holding the fixed portion of the rotation tool and controlling the position of the rotation tool, and the position control means causes the rotation tool to be positioned at a predetermined height with respect to the member to be joined.
- the joining is characterized in that, while pressing the shoulder against the member to be joined, the stirring pin is inserted into the member to be joined to perform frictional stirring joining to the member to be joined. It is a device.
- the joining device further includes the holding portion for holding the shoulder in a non-rotating state.
- the third aspect of the present invention is to move the rotation tool according to any one of claims 1 to 11 so as to be at a predetermined height position with respect to the member to be joined.
- the joining method is characterized in that the stirring pin that rotates is inserted into the member to be joined while pressing the shoulder against the shoulder, and friction stir welding is performed on the member to be joined.
- the joining device and the joining method of the present invention it is possible to perform pseudo load control even by using a machining center as in the rotation tool of claim 1, and the surface finish after friction stir welding is good. Obviously, it is possible to perform pseudo load control even by using a machining center as in the rotation tool of claim 1, and the surface finish after friction stir welding is good. Obviously, it is possible to perform pseudo load control even by using a machining center as in the rotation tool of claim 1, and the surface finish after friction stir welding is good. Become.
- the joining device and the joining method according to the present invention load control using an elastic member can be performed.
- the rotary tool 1 is used for a joining device 3 (see FIG. 1) for performing friction stir welding of a member 2 to be joined (see FIG. 4), and is to be joined. It is inserted into the butt portion of the member 2 while rotating.
- the rotation tool 1 includes a main body 10, a stirring pin 50, a shoulder 60, and a first elastic member 51.
- the stirring pin 50 and the shoulder 60 are relatively rotatable and integrally attached so as to move in the axial direction of the rotating shaft to form the assembly 70.
- the rotation tool 1 includes a holding portion 80.
- the main body portion 10 is a portion fixed to a joining device 3 such as a machining center, and includes a fixing portion 11 and a rotating shaft 12.
- the fixing portion 11 is a portion attached to and fixed to the joining device 3, and has a cylindrical shape.
- the fixing portion 11 is a chuck mechanism, and by cooperating with the paired chuck mechanism provided in the joining device 3, the fixing portion 11 can be detachably fixed to the joining device. Examples of the chuck mechanism include a groove provided in the fixing portion 11 and a claw provided in the joining device 3 to be fitted and sandwiched in the groove on the fixing portion 11 side.
- the rotating shaft 12 is connected and provided on the other end side (lower side in FIG. 1) of the fixing portion 11 with respect to the side attached to the joining device 3.
- the rotating shaft 12 has a cylindrical shape.
- the rotating shaft 12 is a portion for transmitting the rotational force from the joining device 3 to the stirring pin 50, and is connected to the rotating shaft (not shown) of the joining device 3 via the fixing portion 11.
- the main body 10 further includes a holder 21 and a slide shaft 31.
- the holder 21 is a portion attached to the rotating shaft 12 and rotating synchronously with the rotating shaft 12 to support the slide shaft 31 and the stirring pin 50.
- the holder 21 has a bottomed cylindrical shape with a closed upper portion, and the hollow portion inside is a storage recess 22 into which the slide shaft 31 is inserted.
- the storage recess 22 has a cylindrical shape, and both sides (upper and lower sides in FIG. 1) of the rotating shaft 12 in the axial direction are open.
- a keyway 23 is formed in the cylindrical body of the holder 21.
- the key groove 23 is formed in an elongated oval shape along the axial direction (vertical direction in FIG. 1) of the rotating shaft 12, and penetrates from the outer peripheral surface to the inner peripheral surface of the holder 21.
- the key groove 23 does not have to penetrate the cylindrical body portion, and may be formed in a groove shape on the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body portion.
- the key grooves 23 are arranged at intervals of 180 ° in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical body portion, and are formed at two locations facing each other.
- the number of key grooves 23 is not limited to 2, but may be 1 or 3 or more.
- the slide shaft 31 is a portion that is slidably stored in the storage recess 22 at the center of the holder 21 in the direction of the rotation axis (vertical direction in FIG. 1) and that rotates synchronously (co-rotates) with the holder 21.
- the slide shaft 31 has a cylindrical shape and has an outer diameter that can be stored in the storage recess 22.
- a key 32 protruding outward is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the slide shaft 31.
- the key 32 is fixed at a position corresponding to the key groove 23 at the base end portion (end portion on the rotation shaft 12 side: the upper end portion in FIG. 1) of the slide shaft 31, and is inserted into the key groove 23. ..
- the key 32 has an oval shape long in the rotation axis direction, has a width dimension equivalent to that of the key groove 23, and has a length dimension shorter than the longitudinal dimension of the key groove 23. That is, the key 32 fits in the width direction of the key groove 23 and is movable in the longitudinal direction.
- the shape of the key 32 is not limited to the oval shape, and may be another shape such as a circle, an ellipse, an ellipse, or a rectangle as long as it has the same width dimension as the key groove 23. May be good.
- a stirring pin 50 is integrally provided at the tip end portion of the slide shaft 31 (the end portion on the side away from the joining device 3: the lower end portion in FIG. 1). Therefore, the stirring pin 50 is urged toward the tip end side by the first elastic member 51, and is urged toward the tip end side (the side away from the joining device 3: the lower side in FIG. 1) of the slide shaft 31. ..
- the stirring pin 50 is a portion that receives a rotational force from the main body 10 and is inserted into the bonded member 2 while rotating to perform frictional stirring with respect to the bonded member 2.
- the stirring pin 50 is formed of, for example, tool steel in a cylindrical shape.
- the tip 52 (lower end in FIG. 1) of the stirring pin 50 is tapered toward the tip.
- the tip of the tip 52 of the stirring pin has a flat surface shape orthogonal to the axial direction.
- a flange portion 53 having an enlarged diameter is integrally formed at the base end portion of the stirring pin 50.
- the flange portion 53 is integrally formed with the slide shaft 31, and the stirring pin 50 and the flange portion 53 move in the axial direction of the rotation shaft by the slide movement of the slide shaft 31.
- the flange portion 53 has a larger diameter than the slide shaft 31, and a ring-shaped step portion 54 is formed in a plan view at a connecting portion (base end portion of the flange portion 53) between the flange portion 53 and the slide shaft 31. ing.
- the flange portion 53 functions as a receiving portion that receives the elastic force of the first elastic member 51 from the rear end side (closer side of the joining device 3: upper side in FIG. 1) of the slide shaft 31.
- the flange portion 53 also functions as a support portion for supporting the shoulder 60 provided on the tip end side (lower side in FIG. 1) of the stirring pin 50.
- the shoulder 60 is a portion that presses the member to be joined in contact with the member to be joined.
- the shoulder 60 is configured separately from the stirring pin 50 and is provided so as to be rotatable relative to the stirring pin 50 so as not to receive the rotational force from the main body 10.
- the shoulder 60 is immovable relative to the axial direction of the stirring pin 50 and the rotating shaft 12, and moves in the axial direction together with the stirring pin 50. That is, the shoulder 60 is movable in the axial direction with respect to the holder 21.
- the shoulder 60 is made of, for example, tool steel.
- the shoulder 60 has a cylindrical shape and is coaxially arranged so as to surround the stirring pin 50.
- the stirring pin 50 is inserted into the hollow portion 61 of the shoulder 60.
- the base end portion (upper end portion in FIG. 1) of the hollow portion 61 has an enlarged diameter, and a bearing 63 interposed between the stirring pin 50 and the shoulder 60 is inserted.
- the bearing 63 is arranged so as to surround the stirring pin 50.
- the tip surface of the shoulder 60 is at the same height as the base end of the tapered surface of the tip 52 of the stirring pin 50. That is, the tip 52 of the stirring pin 50 projects from the tip surface of the shoulder 60 toward the tip side.
- the shoulder 60 moves in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 12 together with the stirring pin 50 integrally connected to the slide shaft 31 by the sliding movement of the slide shaft 31.
- the stirring pin 50 and the shoulder 60 are integrated into an assembly 70 that moves together in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 12. That is, the assembly 70 is provided at the tip of the slide shaft 31.
- the first elastic member 51 is a portion for urging the assembly 70 provided with the stirring pin 50 and the shoulder 60 toward the tip end side in the axial direction of the rotating shaft.
- the first elastic member 51 is composed of, for example, a coil spring, and is arranged so as to surround the outer peripheral surface of the lower portion of the slide shaft 31.
- the first elastic member 51 is mounted between the flange portion 53 of the assembly 70 and the tip of the holder 21. The first elastic member 51 can urge the assembly 70 toward the tip side against the force received from the assembly 70 side.
- the stirring pin 50 is inserted into the bonded member 2 made of at least one material selected from the group consisting of aluminum, copper, magnesium, and alloys thereof with a predetermined pushing load.
- the stirring pin 50 is displaced and inserted within a predetermined range within the entire movable range of the stirring pin 50 by the first elastic member 51 (the movable length of the key 32 in the key groove 23). It is set.
- the first elastic member 51 is a coil sticky and the load applied to the first elastic member 51 is inserted at 100 kg to 5 t, the first elastic member 51 has a free length with respect to the free length of the first elastic member 51.
- the stirring pin 50 is inserted into the member to be joined 2 and the shoulder 60 is set to press the member to be joined 2 in a state where the amount of deflection is deformed in the range of 0 to 30%.
- the first elastic member is adjusted to the change of the member to be joined.
- the deformation of 51 makes it easier to keep the insertion amount of the stirring pin 50 constant.
- the first elastic member 51 is not limited to the coil spring, but is a metal spring such as a leaf spring or a disc spring, or a polymer elastic body (epolymer) such as rubber, a polymer resin, or a sponge-like resin. May be good. Further, the first elastic member 51 may be a fluid spring using pneumatic pressure, gas pressure or hydraulic pressure, or a magnetic spring using magnetic force or electromagnetic force.
- the first elastic member 51 may be set so as to satisfy the relationship between the amount of deformation in which the stirring pin 50 is inserted to a predetermined depth and the elastic modulus in consideration of the joining conditions. Further, in the first elastic member 51, in consideration of the joining conditions, the shoulder 60 pressed against the joined member 2 is in contact with the joined member 2 and is not inserted into the joined member 2 but is joined. It may be set so as to satisfy the relationship between the amount of deformation that can hold down the member 2 and the elastic modulus.
- the joining conditions that affect the setting of the first elastic member 51 include, for example, the conditions of the joining member such as the material of the member to be joined 2 and the shape of the joining portion, the insertion depth of the stirring pin 50, and the shape of the rotary tool 1.
- the shoulder 60 may be in contact with at least a part of the member 2 to be joined, and even if some space is created between the shoulder 60 and the member 2 to be joined depending on the relationship with the surface shape of the member 2 to be joined. Although it is good, it is preferable to make contact with the member 2 to be joined without a gap so that the metal material overflowed by the friction stir welding can be pressed down and the generation of burrs can be prevented. Further, the shoulder 60 may be inserted into the member 2 to be joined to some extent, but it may not be inserted deeply into the member 2 to be joined to the extent that a recess due to contact between the member 2 to be joined and the shoulder 60 does not occur after joining. preferable.
- the holding portion 80 is a rod-shaped arm-shaped member, and the tip portion thereof is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the shoulder 60.
- the base end portion of the holding portion 80 is connected to the fixing system on the joining device 3 side so as to hold the shoulder 60 in a non-rotating state.
- the holding portion 80 is included in the rotation tool 1.
- the shoulder 60 is provided so as to be rotatable relative to the rotating shaft 12, the holder 21 and the stirring pin 50, and is further held in a non-rotating state by the holding portion 80. As a result, even when the stirring pin 50 rotates, the shoulder 60 can be held in a non-rotating state.
- the joining device 3 holds a power means (not shown) that outputs a rotational force transmitted to the rotary shaft 12 of the rotary tool 1 and a fixed portion 11 of the rotary tool 1 to control the position of the rotary tool. Means (not shown) and are provided.
- the joining device 3 is configured by, for example, a machining center that controls the position, and the position control device is configured by a CPU or the like, and the power means is operated based on the position information input in advance to operate the rotation tool 1. Move it.
- the power means moves the rotation tool 1 in the three axes of XYZ.
- the joining method according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
- the rotation tool 1 of the present embodiment is moved so as to be at a predetermined height position set in advance with respect to the member to be joined 2, and the shoulder of the rotation tool 1 is moved with respect to the member to be joined 2.
- the stirring pin 50 of the rotation tool 1 is inserted into the member to be joined 2 to perform friction stir welding to the member to be joined 2.
- the tip of the stirring pin 50 first comes into contact with the member to be joined 2 as the rotary tool 1 is brought closer to the member to be joined 2 in the insertion direction.
- the first elastic member 51 is compressed, and the elastic force of the first elastic member 51 that urges the stirring pin 50 toward the member to be joined 2 is strengthened.
- the stirring pin 50 is inserted into the member to be joined.
- the shoulder 60 comes into contact with the member to be joined 2.
- the shoulder 60 presses against the member to be joined while the elastic force of the first elastic member 51 that urges the stirring pin 50 and the shoulder 60 toward the member 2 to be joined becomes stronger. Be done. At this time, the stirring pin 50 is inserted into the member to be joined 2 and the shoulder 60 is joined in a state where the first elastic member 51 is not completely deformed and the remaining force due to the deformation of the first elastic member 51 is left.
- the first elastic member 51 is set so that it can be pressed against the member 2. Further, the first elastic member 51 is set so that the shoulder 60 can press the member 2 to be joined without being inserted into the member 2 to be joined while the shoulder 60 is in contact with the member 2 to be joined.
- the assembly 70 including the stirring pin 50 and the shoulder 60 is urged toward the tip side by the first elastic member 51.
- the tip portion 52 of the stirring pin 50 has the desired depth of the member to be joined 2. Is pushed into.
- the shoulder 60 can press the member to be joined 2 without being inserted into the member to be joined 2 in a state of being in contact with the member to be joined 2.
- the first elastic member 51 is provided so that the insertion amount of the stirring pin 50 and the shoulder 60 at this time is about the same as the insertion amount when the height of the member to be joined 2 has no error with respect to the set value. It has been set. If the elastic force of the first elastic member 51 is too weak, the upward reaction force accompanying the change in the height of the member to be joined 2 becomes larger, and the insertion amount becomes smaller.
- the stirring pin 50 has a desired depth set according to the height of the set value of the member to be joined 2.
- the first elastic member 51 is set so that the first elastic member 51 is inserted into the member to be joined 2. Further, even when the height of the member to be joined 2 fluctuates and becomes higher, in the rotation tool 1, the shoulder 60 is not inserted into the member to be joined 2 in a state of being in contact with the member to be joined 2 without being inserted into the member to be joined 2.
- the first elastic member 51 is set so as to press the member 2 to be joined.
- the first elastic member 51 expands and the assembly 70 including the stirring pin 50 descends. In this way, even when the height of the member to be joined 2 fluctuates and becomes lower, the rotation tool 1 stirs at a desired depth set according to the height of the set value of the member to be joined 2.
- the first elastic member 51 is set so that the pin 50 is inserted into the member to be joined 2. Further, even when the height of the member to be joined 2 fluctuates and becomes lower, in the rotation tool 1, the shoulder 60 is not inserted into the member to be joined 2 in a state of being in contact with the member to be joined 2 without being inserted into the member to be joined 2.
- the first elastic member 51 is set so as to press the member 2 to be joined.
- the shoulder 60 is first separated from the member to be joined 2.
- the insertion amount of the stirring pin 50 gradually decreases. Then, when the rotation tool 1 is further moved away from the member to be joined 2, the stirring pin 50 is separated from the member to be joined 2.
- the stirring pin 50 is inserted into the member to be joined 2 at a constant depth by the action of the first elastic member 51, so that the plasticized region is formed at a constant depth. Will be done. Therefore, stable joining quality can be obtained. Further, in the rotation tool 1, the stirring pin 50 is inserted into the joined member 2 to perform frictional stirring while the shoulder 60 keeps pressing the joined member 2 by the action of the first elastic member 51. The shoulder 60 can hold down the metal material that has overflowed from the insertion portion of the stirring pin 50 due to frictional stirring by the stirring pin 50. Therefore, the occurrence of burrs can be reduced.
- the assembly 70 provided so as to be movable in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 12 is attached toward the tip side by the first elastic member 51.
- the stirring pin 50 is inserted to a predetermined depth according to the elasticity of the first elastic member 51.
- the shoulder 60 is pressed against the member 2 to be joined according to the elasticity of the first elastic member 51.
- the stirring pin 50 can be inserted to a desired depth and the bonded member 2 can be pressed by the shoulder 60. .. That is, the rotation tool 1 can perform pseudo load control using the first elastic member 51.
- the support height of the rotary tool 1 becomes constant based on the value set by the machining center, and the insertion position of the stirring pin 50. Is almost constant.
- the first elastic member 51 responds to the fluctuation of the height of the member to be joined 2.
- the assembly 70 moves in the axial direction. In this way, by utilizing the elasticity of the first elastic member 51, it is possible to control the load that the insertion depth of the stirring pin 50 into the member to be joined 2 and the contact mode of the shoulder 60 with the member to be joined 2 can be controlled. Will be.
- the rotation tool 1 is arranged so as to be movable separately from the stirring pin 50 in the axial direction of the rotation shaft 12 without receiving the rotation force from the rotation shaft 12, and presses the member 2 to be joined. It is equipped with a shoulder 60.
- the occurrence of burrs can be reduced by the shoulder 60 pressing the metal material overflowing from the insertion portion of the stirring pin 50 due to frictional stirring by the stirring pin 50. In this way, the shoulder 60 improves the surface finish after friction stir welding.
- the main body 10 further includes a cylindrical holder 21 and a slide shaft 31 that is slidably housed in the center of the holder 21 in the direction of rotation axis and that rotates synchronously with the holder 21, and the assembly 70 has a slide shaft. It is provided at the tip of 31. As a result, the assembly 70 can be slid in the direction of the rotation axis while transmitting the rotational force from the main body 10 to the assembly 70.
- the first elastic member 51 is arranged so as to surround the lower part of the slide shaft 31. As a result, the first elastic member 51 is located near the intermediate portion between the slide shaft 31 and the stirring pin 50, and the first elastic member 51 acts evenly in the circumferential direction of the slide shaft 31. Therefore, even if the slide shaft 31 moves, the first elastic member 51 stably urges the stirring pin 50 toward the tip end side. Therefore, the first elastic member 51 can be easily installed, and the accuracy of the load control of the stirring pin 50 can be improved.
- the first elastic member 51 is housed inside the holder 21 and is arranged between the base end portion of the slide shaft 31 and the fixed portion side of the holder 21.
- the first elastic member 51 is located near the intermediate portion between the slide shaft 31 and the stirring pin 50, and the force received by the first elastic member 51 from the stirring pin 50 side can be received by the holder 21. Therefore, even if the slide shaft 31 moves, the first elastic member 51 stably urges the stirring pin 50 toward the tip end side, so that the accuracy of the load control of the stirring pin 50 can be improved.
- the key groove 23 is formed in the holder 21, and the key 32 is formed in the slide shaft 31.
- the slide shaft 31 and the assembly 70 allow the slide shaft 31 and the assembly 70 to move in the axial direction in a stable state while rotating synchronously with the rotation of the holder 21. Therefore, the operation of the stirring pin 50 and the shoulder 60 becomes more stable.
- a bearing 63 is interposed between the shoulder 60 and the stirring pin 50. Therefore, the shoulder 60 and the stirring pin 50 can rotate relative to each other in a stable state.
- the rotation tool 1 since the rotation tool 1 includes a holding portion 80 for holding the shoulder 60 in a non-rotating state, it becomes easy to hold the shoulder 60 in a non-rotating state, and the surface finish of the member 2 to be joined after friction stir welding is completed. Becomes even better.
- the first elastic member 51 is an elastic member that applies an elastic force by at least one selected from a solid spring, a fluid spring, a magnetic force, and an electromagnetic force. With such a configuration, it is easy to adjust the elasticity of the first elastic member 51.
- the joining device 3 includes a rotation tool 1, a power means, and a position control means. Then, the rotation tool 1 is moved to a predetermined height position with respect to the member to be joined by the position control means, and the shoulder 60 is pressed against the member to be joined 2 while being stirred by the member to be joined 2.
- a pin 50 is inserted to perform friction stir welding to the member to be joined 2. According to the joining device 3, by utilizing the elasticity of the first elastic member 51, the insertion depth of the stirring pin 50 into the joined member 2 and the load control for controlling the contact of the shoulder 60 with the joined member 2 can be performed. Friction stir welding can be performed while doing so.
- the shoulder 60 suppresses the metal material overflowing from the insertion portion of the stirring pin 50 due to frictional stirring by the stirring pin 50, thereby reducing the generation of burrs and improving the surface finish after friction stir welding. Become. Therefore, even if a machining center is used, pseudo load control is possible, and the surface finish after friction stir welding is improved.
- the rotation tool 1 is moved so as to be at a predetermined height position with respect to the member 2 to be joined, and while pressing the shoulder 60 against the member 2 to be joined, the tool 1 is rotated to the member 2 to be joined.
- the stirring pin 50 is inserted to perform friction stir welding to the member to be joined 2.
- Friction stir welding can be performed while doing so.
- the shoulder 60 suppresses the metal material overflowing from the insertion portion of the stirring pin 50 due to frictional stirring by the stirring pin 50, thereby reducing the generation of burrs and improving the surface finish after friction stir welding. Become.
- the load can be controlled even when the machine is mounted on a machining center that only controls the position.
- the holding portion 85 has a rectangular outer shape of the shoulder 65 provided below the flange portion 53, and the guide member 86 is provided along the movement locus of the rotation tool 1a. It is provided.
- the guide member 86 is made of a long member, and is arranged on both sides of the shoulder 65 so as to sandwich the shoulder 65 from both sides at a distance of substantially the same length as the width of the second holder.
- the guide member 86 is a holding portion included in the joining device 3.
- the shoulder 65 having such a configuration moves along the movement locus without rotating while the outer peripheral surface slides on the side surface of the guide member 86. Similar to the shoulder 60 of FIG. 1, the stirring pin 50 and the bearing 63 are inserted inside the shoulder 65. Since other configurations are the same as those of the rotation tool 1 of FIG. 1, the same reference numerals are given and the description thereof will be omitted.
- the shoulder 90 is the lower end surface of the shoulder as shown in FIG. Is configured to be movable in the axial direction.
- the shoulder 90 includes a first member 91, a second member 92, and a second elastic member 99.
- the stirring pin 50 and the shoulder 90 are integrated to form an assembly 75 that moves in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 12.
- the first member 91 is a portion provided so as to be rotatable relative to the stirring pin 50, and is formed of, for example, tool steel.
- the first member 91 has a cylindrical shape and is coaxially arranged so as to surround the stirring pin 50.
- a stirring pin 50 is inserted into the hollow portion 93 of the first member 91.
- the base end portion (upper end portion in FIG. 5) of the hollow portion 93 has an enlarged diameter, and a bearing 63 interposed between the stirring pin 50 and the first member 91 is inserted.
- the bearing 63 is arranged so as to surround the stirring pin 50.
- a protruding portion 94 protruding from the end surface of the first member 91 toward the tip side is formed at the tip end portion (lower end portion in FIG. 6) of the first member 91.
- the protruding portion 94 has a cylindrical shape, and a stirring pin 50 is inserted therein.
- the protrusion 94 is a member for connecting the second member 92.
- a key 96 projecting outward from the outer peripheral surface is provided at the tip of the projecting portion 94. The key 96 is inserted into the keyway 97 of the second member 92, which will be described later.
- the keys 96 have an elliptical shape that is long in the rotation axis direction, are arranged radially at intervals of 180 ° in the circumferential direction, and are formed at two places.
- the shape of the key 96 is not limited to the oval shape, and may be another shape such as a circle, an ellipse, an ellipse, or a rectangle as long as it has the same width dimension as the key groove 97. May be good.
- the second member 92 is a portion that presses the member to be joined in contact with the member to be joined.
- the second member 92 is attached to the protrusion 94, rotates synchronously with the first member 91, and is a portion that can move relative to the first member 91 in the axial direction of the rotation shaft 12.
- the second member 92 is made of, for example, tool steel.
- the second member 92 has a cylindrical shape and is coaxially arranged so as to surround the stirring pin 50.
- a stirring pin 50 is inserted into the hollow portion 95 of the second member 92.
- the base end portion (upper end portion in FIG. 6) of the hollow portion 95 has an enlarged diameter, and the tip end portion of the protruding portion 94 is inserted.
- a key groove 97 is formed at the base end of the hollow portion 95.
- the key groove 97 is formed in an elongated oval shape along the axial direction (vertical direction in FIG. 6) of the rotating shaft 12, and is formed in a groove shape on the inner peripheral surface of the hollow portion 95.
- the key grooves 97 are formed at two positions corresponding to the keys 96 of the protrusion 94.
- the axial length of the key groove 97 is longer than the axial length of the key 96, and the second member 92 can move in the axial direction with respect to the first member 91.
- the width dimension of the key groove 97 is the same as the width dimension of the key 96, and the second member 92 cannot rotate relative to the first member 91.
- the tip end surface of the second member 92 is at the same height as the base end portion of the tapered surface of the tip end portion 52 of the stirring pin 50. That is, the tip end portion 52 of the stirring pin 50 projects from the tip end surface of the second member 92 toward the tip end side.
- the second elastic member 99 is a portion that urges the second member 92, which is a part of the shoulder 90, toward the tip end side of the stirring pin 50 with respect to the axial direction of the rotating shaft 12.
- the second elastic member 99 is composed of, for example, a coil spring, and is arranged so as to surround the outer peripheral surface of the protrusion 94. It is mounted between the tip end surface of the first member 91 (the surface to which the proximal end portion of the protruding portion 94 is connected) and the proximal end surface of the second member 92.
- the second elastic member 99 can urge the second member 92 toward the tip side against the force received from the second member 92.
- the elasticity of the second elastic member 99 is when the stirring pin 50 is inserted into a member to be joined made of at least one material selected from the group consisting of aluminum, copper, magnesium, and alloys thereof with a predetermined pushing load.
- the second member 92 is displaced and presses the member 2 to be joined within a predetermined range with respect to the entire movable range of the second member 92 by the elastic member (the movable length of the key 96 in the key groove 97). Is set to.
- the second elastic member 99 is a coil sticky and the load applied to the second elastic member 99 is inserted at 50 kg to 2 t, the second elastic member 99 has a free length with respect to the second elastic member 99.
- the second member 92 is set to press the member to be joined in a state where the amount of deflection of 99 is deformed in the range of 0 to 30%. As a result, in a state where the second member 92 is in contact with the member 2 to be joined, the second member 92 is not inserted into the member 2 to be joined, and the member 2 to be joined can be easily pressed by the second member 92. ..
- the second elastic member 99 is more easily deformed than the first elastic member 51.
- the second elastic member 99 is not limited to the coil spring like the first elastic member 51, but is not limited to a coil spring, a metal spring such as a leaf spring or a countersunk spring, or a polymer such as rubber, a polymer resin, or a sponge-like resin. It may be an elastic body (elastomer). Further, the second elastic member 99 may be a fluid spring using pneumatic pressure, gas pressure or hydraulic pressure, or a magnetic spring using magnetic force or electromagnetic force.
- the shoulder 60 pressed against the joined member 2 is not inserted into the joined member 2 in a state of being in contact with the joined member 2, and the joined member 2 is not inserted. It may be set so as to satisfy the relationship between the amount of deformation that can hold down and the elastic modulus.
- the joining conditions that affect the setting of the second elastic member 99 include, for example, the conditions of the joining member such as the material of the member to be joined 2 and the shape of the joining portion, the insertion depth of the stirring pin 50, the shape of the rotating tool 1, and the like. Joining modes such as rotation speed and movement speed can be mentioned.
- the shoulder 60 may be in contact with at least a part of the member 2 to be joined, and even if some space is created between the shoulder 60 and the member 2 to be joined depending on the relationship with the surface shape of the member 2 to be joined. Although it is good, it is preferable to make contact with the member 2 to be joined without a gap so that the metal material overflowed by the friction stir welding can be pressed down and the generation of burrs can be prevented. Further, the shoulder 60 may be inserted into the member 2 to be joined to some extent, but it may not be inserted deeply into the member 2 to be joined to the extent that a recess due to contact between the member 2 to be joined and the shoulder 60 does not occur after joining. preferable.
- the tip surface of the shoulder 90 and the stirring pin 50 can be moved relative to each other, and the load of the shoulder 90 can be controlled by the second elastic member 99. Therefore, the accuracy of the load control of the shoulder 90 can be further improved.
- a holding portion (not shown) is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the first member 91, and the holding portion holds the shoulder 90 and the second member 92 in a non-rotating state. May be good.
- the design can be appropriately changed as long as it does not contradict the gist of the present invention.
- the key groove 23 is formed in the holder 21, and the key 32 is formed in the slide shaft 31, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- a key may be formed on the holder 21 and a keyway may be formed on the slide shaft 31.
- the rotation tool 1 includes a holding portion 80 fixed to the shoulder 60, and this holding portion is connected to a joining device to hold the shoulder 60 in a non-rotating state.
- the joining device 3 is provided with a rod-shaped arm member fixed to the fixing system of the joining device 3 as a second holding portion, and this second holding portion is connected to the shoulder 60 of the rotation tool 1 to rotate the shoulder 60 in a non-rotating state. It may be held in.
- This second holding portion is included in the joining device 3.
- the rotation tool 1 is provided with a rod-shaped arm member fixed to the shoulder 60 as a holding portion 80, and the joining device 3 is a rod-shaped arm fixed to the fixing system of the joining device 3 as a second holding portion.
- a member may be provided and both holding portions may be connected to each other to hold the shoulder 60 in a non-rotating state.
- This holding portion is included in the rotation tool 1 and the joining device 3.
- the holding portion included in the rotation tool 1 and the second holding portion included in the joining device 3 and operating jointly with the holding portion included in the rotation tool 1 may be provided at the same time.
- the joining device 3 since the joining device 3 is provided with the second holding portion for holding the shoulder 60 in the non-rotating state, it becomes easy to hold the shoulder 60 in the non-rotating state, and the surface of the member 2 to be joined after friction stir welding is provided. The finish will be even better.
- the first elastic member 51 is arranged so as to surround the lower portion of the slide shaft 31, and is provided between the lower end of the holder 21 and the step portion 54 of the flange portion 53, but is limited to this. It is not something that will be done.
- the first elastic member 51 may be arranged at any position as long as the assembly 70 is urged toward the tip end side.
- the first elastic member may be housed inside the holder 21 and mounted between the base end portion of the slide shaft and the bottom portion of the holder.
- an extension portion extended in a columnar shape toward the upper end portion side is formed, and the extension portion of the slide shaft 31 is surrounded and between the extension portion and the fixed portion side of the holder 21.
- the first elastic member 51 may be attached to the.
- the extended portion may be formed to have a diameter smaller than that of the slide shaft 31 according to the inner diameter of the holder 21. Even in such a case, the same effect as that of the embodiment can be obtained.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the bottom surface of the second member 92 may protrude below the tip end portion 52 of the stirring pin 50 in a state where it is not in contact with the member to be joined 2.
- the second member 92 presses the metal material that has flowed and overflowed due to the insertion of the stirring pin 50. be able to. Therefore, it becomes easy to fill the punched hole generated when the stirring pin 50 is pulled out by the metal material pressed by the second member 92.
- the rotary tool 1 is inserted at the position where the rotary tool 1 is inserted at the time of friction stir welding and the rotary tool 1 is pulled out without being moved from the insertion position, it becomes easy to prevent the formation of a punch hole when the friction stir welding is performed at the spot.
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Abstract
Description
まず、本実施形態に係る回転ツールの構成を説明する。図1に示すように、本実施形態に係る回転ツール1は、被接合部材2(図4参照)の摩擦攪拌接合を行う接合装置3(図1参照)に用いられるものであって、被接合部材2の突合せ部に回転しながら挿入される。かかる回転ツール1は、本体部10と、攪拌ピン50と、ショルダ60と、第一弾性部材51とを備えている。攪拌ピン50とショルダ60は、相対回転可能であるとともに一体的に回転軸の軸方向に対して移動するように取り付けられて、アセンブリ70を構成している。また、回転ツール1は、保持部80を備えている。
本体部10は、例えばマシニングセンタ等の接合装置3に固定される部分であって、固定部11と、回転軸12とを備えている。固定部11は、接合装置3に取り付けられて固定される部位であり、円筒形状を呈している。固定部11はチャック機構であり、接合装置3に設けられた対となるチャック機構と共同することで、固定部11を接合装置に対して着脱可能に固定することができる。チャック機構としては、例えば、固定部11に設けられた溝と、接合装置3に設けられて、固定部11側の溝に嵌合して挟み付ける爪とが挙げられる。固定部11の接合装置3に取り付けられる側とは他端側(図1中、下側)に、回転軸12が連結して設けられている。回転軸12は、円柱形状を呈している。回転軸12は、接合装置3からの回転力を攪拌ピン50に伝達する部位であり、固定部11を介して接合装置3の回転軸(図示せず)に連結されている。
ホルダ21は、回転軸12に取り付けられ、回転軸12と同期回転し、スライド軸31及び攪拌ピン50を支持する部位である。ホルダ21は、上部が閉じた有底円筒形状を呈しており、内部の中空部が、スライド軸31が挿入される収納凹部22となっている。収納凹部22は、円柱形状を呈しており、回転軸12の軸方向の両側(図1中、上下両側)が開口している。ホルダ21の円筒胴部には、キー溝23が形成されている。キー溝23は、回転軸12の軸方向(図1中、上下方向)に沿って長尺の長円形に形成されており、ホルダ21の外周面から内周面まで貫通している。なお、キー溝23は、円筒胴部を貫通していなくてもよく、円筒胴部の内周面に溝状に形成されていてもよい。キー溝23は、円筒胴部の円周方向に180°間隔で配置され、互いに対向して2か所に形成されている。なお、キー溝23の個数は、2に限定されるものではなく、1であってもよいし、3以上であってもよい。
スライド軸31は、ホルダ21の中心部の収納凹部22に、回転軸方向(図1中、上下方向)にスライド可能に収納されるとともに、ホルダ21と同期回転(共回り)する部位である。スライド軸31は、円柱形状を呈しており、収納凹部22に収納可能な外径を有している。スライド軸31の外周面には、外側に突出するキー32が設けられている。キー32は、スライド軸31の基端部(回転軸12側の端部:図1中、上端部)で、キー溝23に相当する位置に固定されており、キー溝23に挿入されている。キー32は、回転軸方向に長い長円形状を呈しており、キー溝23と同等の幅寸法を備えるとともに、キー溝23の長手方向寸法よりも短い長さ寸法を備えている。つまり、キー32は、キー溝23の幅方向に嵌合するとともに長手方向に移動可能である。なお、キー32の形状は、長円形状に限定されるものではなく、キー溝23と同等の幅寸法を備えていれば、円形や楕円形、長楕円、長方形等の他の形状であってもよい。スライド軸31の先端部(接合装置3から離間する側の端部:図1中、下端部)には、攪拌ピン50が一体的に設けられている。したがって、攪拌ピン50は、第一弾性部材51によって先端側に付勢されることによって、スライド軸31の先端側(接合装置3から離間する側:図1中、下側)に付勢される。
攪拌ピン50は、本体部10からの回転力を受けて、被接合部材2に回転しつつ挿入されて被接合部材2に対する摩擦攪拌を行う部位である。攪拌ピン50は、例えば工具鋼で円柱形状に形成されている。攪拌ピン50の先端部52(図1中、下端部)は、先端に向かうにつれて先細りになっている。攪拌ピンの先端部52の先端は、軸方向に直交する平坦面状となっている。攪拌ピン50の基端部には、拡径した鍔部53が一体形成されている。鍔部53は、スライド軸31と一体形成されており、攪拌ピン50および鍔部53は、スライド軸31のスライド移動によって、回転軸の軸方向に移動する。鍔部53は、スライド軸31よりも大径であり、鍔部53とスライド軸31との連結部(鍔部53の基端部)には、平面視でリング状の段部54が形成されている。鍔部53は、スライド軸31の後端側(接合装置3の近い側:図1中、上側)からの第一弾性部材51の弾性力を受ける受け部として機能する。また、鍔部53は、攪拌ピン50の先端側(図1中、下側)に設けられるショルダ60を支持する支持部としても機能する。
ショルダ60は、被接合部材に接触した状態で被接合部材を押圧する部位である。ショルダ60は、攪拌ピン50とは別体に構成され、攪拌ピン50とは相対回転可能に設けられて、本体部10からの回転力を受けないようになっている。ショルダ60は、攪拌ピン50と回転軸12の軸方向に対して相対移動不可となっており、攪拌ピン50と共に軸方向に移動する。つまり、ショルダ60は、ホルダ21に対しては軸方向に移動可能になっている。具体的には、ショルダ60は、例えば工具鋼にて形成されている。ショルダ60は、円筒形状を呈しており、攪拌ピン50を囲うように同軸状に配置されている。つまり、ショルダ60の中空部61には、攪拌ピン50が挿入されている。中空部61の基端部(図1中、上端部)は拡径しており、攪拌ピン50とショルダ60の間に介設されたベアリング63が挿入されている。ベアリング63は、攪拌ピン50を囲うように配置されている。これによって、ショルダ60は、攪拌ピン50に対して相対回転可能で且つ軸方向に相対移動不能になっている。
第一弾性部材51は、回転軸の軸方向に対して攪拌ピン50とショルダ60とを備えたアセンブリ70を先端側に向けて付勢する部位である。第一弾性部材51は、例えばコイルバネにて構成されており、スライド軸31の下部の外周面を囲うように配置されている。第一弾性部材51は、アセンブリ70の鍔部53とホルダ21の先端との間に、装着されている。第一弾性部材51は、アセンブリ70側から受ける力に対して、アセンブリ70を先端側に向けて付勢できるようになっている。
保持部80は、図2に示すように、ロッド状のアーム状の部材であって、先端部がショルダ60の外周面に固定されている。保持部80の基端部は、接合装置3側の固定系に接続されており、ショルダ60を無回転状態に保持するようになっている。この保持部80は、回転ツール1に含まれている。ショルダ60は、回転軸12、並びにホルダ21及び攪拌ピン50に対して相対回転可能に設けられており、さらに、保持部80によって無回転状態に保持される。これにより、攪拌ピン50が回転する場合であっても、ショルダ60を無回転状態に保持することができる。
次に、前記構成の回転ツール1を備えた接合装置3の構成を説明する。かかる接合装置3は、回転ツール1の回転軸12に伝達する回転力を出力する動力手段(図示せず)と、回転ツール1の固定部11を保持して回転ツールの位置制御を行う位置制御手段(図示せず)と、を備えている。接合装置3は、例えば位置制御を行うマシニングセンタにて構成されており、位置制御装置は、CPU等にて構成され、予め入力された位置情報に基づいて、動力手段を作動させて回転ツール1を移動させる。動力手段は、回転ツール1をXYZの3軸方向に移動させる。
次に、本発明に係る接合方法を、図4を参照して説明する。かかる接合方法では、本実施形態の回転ツール1を、被接合部材2に対して予め設定された所定の高さ位置となるように移動させて、被接合部材2に対して回転ツール1のショルダ60を押圧しながら、被接合部材2に回転ツール1の攪拌ピン50を挿入して、被接合部材2に対する摩擦攪拌接合を行う。
本実施形態に係る回転ツール1、接合装置3および接合方法によれば、回転軸12の軸方向に対して移動可能に設けられたアセンブリ70が、第一弾性部材51によって先端側に向けて付勢されていることによって、攪拌ピン50の先端部52を被接合部材2に挿入した際に、第一弾性部材51の弾性に応じて、攪拌ピン50が所定の深さにまで挿入される。また、アセンブリ70が、第一弾性部材51によって先端側に向けて付勢されていることによって、第一弾性部材51の弾性に応じて、ショルダ60が被接合部材2に押圧される。接合部材や接合態様といった接合条件を考慮して、第一弾性部材51を設定することで、攪拌ピン50を所望の深さに挿入させるとともに、ショルダ60によって被接合部材2を押さえ付けることができる。つまり、回転ツール1は、第一弾性部材51を用いた疑似的な荷重制御を行うことができる。
次に、図5を参照しながら、保持部の変形例について説明する。変形例に係る保持部85は、図5に示すように、鍔部53の下方に設けられたショルダ65の外形が矩形形状を呈しており、回転ツール1aの移動軌跡に沿ってガイド部材86が設けられている。ガイド部材86は、長尺部材からなり、ショルダ65を両側から挟むように、第二ホルダの幅と略同じ長さの間隔を空けて、両側にそれぞれ配置されている。ガイド部材86は、接合装置3が備える保持部である。このような構成のショルダ65は、外周面がガイド部材86の側面に摺動しながら回転せずに移動軌跡に沿って移動する。ショルダ65の内部には、図1のショルダ60と同様に、攪拌ピン50およびベアリング63が挿入されている。その他の構成は、図1の回転ツール1と同様であるので、同じ符号を付して説明を省略する。
次に、図6を参照しながら、ショルダの変形例について説明する。前記実施形態では、ショルダ60の下端面は、攪拌ピン50に対して、回転軸の軸方向に移動不能であるが、変形例に係るショルダ90は、図6に示すように、ショルダの下端面を軸方向に移動可能な構成となっている。具体的には、ショルダ90は、第一部材91と第二部材92と第二弾性部材99とを備えている。また、攪拌ピン50とショルダ90とは一体化されて、共に回転軸12の軸方向に移動するアセンブリ75となっている。
以上本発明の実施形態について説明したが、本発明の趣旨に反しない範囲において適宜設計変更が可能である。前記実施形態では、ホルダ21にキー溝23が形成され、スライド軸31にキー32が形成されているが、これに限定されるものではない。ホルダ21にキーを形成し、スライド軸31にキー溝を形成してもよい。
2 被接合部材
3 接合装置
10 本体部
11 固定部
12 回転軸
21 ホルダ
23 キー溝
31 スライド軸
32 キー
50 攪拌ピン
51 第一弾性部材
60 ショルダ
61 中空部
63 ベアリング
65 ショルダ
70 アセンブリ
80,85 保持部
90 ショルダ
99 第二弾性部材
Claims (12)
- 被接合部材の摩擦攪拌接合を行う接合装置に用いられる回転ツールであって、
前記接合装置に取り付けて固定される固定部と、前記接合装置からの回転力を伝達する回転軸とを有する本体部、
前記本体部からの回転力を受けて回転可能に、且つ前記回転軸の軸方向に対して移動可能に前記本体部に配設され、前記被接合部材に挿入されて前記被接合部材に対する摩擦攪拌を行う攪拌ピン、及び
前記攪拌ピンとは別体に構成され、前記本体部からの回転力を受けず、前記回転軸の軸方向に対して移動可能に前記本体部に設けられ、前記被接合部材に接触した状態で前記被接合部材を押圧するショルダ、を備え、
前記攪拌ピンと前記ショルダは、相対回転可能であるとともに一体的に前記回転軸の軸方向に対して移動するように取り付けられてアセンブリを構成し、
前記回転軸の軸方向に対して、前記アセンブリを前記攪拌ピンの先端側に向けて付勢する第一弾性部材をさらに備える、
ことを特徴とする回転ツール。 - 前記本体部は、前記回転軸に取り付けられた円筒状のホルダと、前記ホルダの中心部に回転軸方向にスライド可能に収容されるとともに前記ホルダと同期回転するスライド軸とをさらに有し、
前記アセンブリは、前記スライド軸の先端に設けられ、
前記スライド軸は、前記第一弾性部材を介して前記アセンブリの先端側に向けて付勢されている、
請求項1に記載の回転ツール。 - 前記第一弾性部材は、前記スライド軸の下部を囲うように配置されている、
請求項2に記載の回転ツール。 - 前記第一弾性部材は、前記ホルダの内部に収容され、前記スライド軸の基端部と前記ホルダの固定部側との間に配置されている、
請求項2に記載の回転ツール。 - 前記ホルダおよび前記スライド軸のいずれか一方に、前記回転軸の軸方向に長尺な溝状のキー溝が形成され、他方に、前記回転軸の軸方向と交差する向きに設けられるとともに前記キー溝に嵌入するキーが形成され、
前記スライド軸の回転軸の軸方向への移動に伴って、前記キーが前記キー溝の内部を前記回転軸の軸方向に沿って移動し、
前記ホルダの回転に伴って、前記キーと前記キー溝とが周方向に当接することで、前記ホルダと前記スライド軸とが同期回転する、
請求項2に記載の回転ツール。 - 前記ショルダと前記攪拌ピンとの間には、ベアリングが介設されている、
請求項1に記載の回転ツール。 - 前記回転軸の軸方向に対して前記ショルダを前記攪拌ピンの先端側に向けて付勢する第二弾性部材をさらに備える、
請求項1に記載の回転ツール。 - 前記ショルダを無回転状態に保持する保持部をさらに備える、
請求項1に記載の回転ツール。 - 前記第一弾性部材は、固体ばね、流体ばね、磁力、及び電磁力から選ばれる少なくとも一つによって弾性力を付与する弾性部材である、
請求項1に記載の回転ツール。 - 請求項1乃至請求項9のいずれか1項に記載の回転ツールを備える接合装置であって、
前記回転ツールの前記回転軸に伝達する回転力を出力する動力手段、及び前記回転ツールの前記固定部を保持して前記回転ツールの位置制御を行う位置制御手段とを備え、
前記位置制御手段によって前記回転ツールを前記被接合部材に対して所定の高さ位置となるように移動させて、前記被接合部材に対して前記ショルダを押圧しながら、前記被接合部材に前記攪拌ピンを挿入して、前記被接合部材に対する摩擦攪拌接合を行う、
ことを特徴とする接合装置。 - 前記ショルダを無回転状態に保持する第二保持部をさらに備える、
請求項10に記載の接合装置。 - 請求項1乃至請求項9のいずれか1項に記載の回転ツールを、前記被接合部材に対して所定の高さ位置となるように移動させて、前記被接合部材に対して前記ショルダを押圧しながら、前記被接合部材に回転する前記攪拌ピンを挿入して、前記被接合部材に対する摩擦攪拌接合を行う、
ことを特徴とする接合方法。
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JP2009519135A (ja) * | 2005-12-14 | 2009-05-14 | エアバス ソシエテ パ アクシオンス シンプリフィエ | 形状適応性ショルダーを有する摩擦攪拌工具 |
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US20180099349A1 (en) * | 2016-10-06 | 2018-04-12 | Scott M. Packer | Method and apparatus for friction stir welding on conventional machining equipment |
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DE102005030800A1 (de) * | 2005-06-29 | 2007-01-04 | Eads Deutschland Gmbh | Reibrühr-Werkzeug sowie Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Reibrühren |
JP2009519135A (ja) * | 2005-12-14 | 2009-05-14 | エアバス ソシエテ パ アクシオンス シンプリフィエ | 形状適応性ショルダーを有する摩擦攪拌工具 |
JP2012196681A (ja) | 2011-03-18 | 2012-10-18 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | 摩擦攪拌点接合装置および摩擦攪拌点接合方法 |
US20180099349A1 (en) * | 2016-10-06 | 2018-04-12 | Scott M. Packer | Method and apparatus for friction stir welding on conventional machining equipment |
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