WO2022116515A1 - 免拆板ecu跨厂家刷写系统及方法 - Google Patents

免拆板ecu跨厂家刷写系统及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022116515A1
WO2022116515A1 PCT/CN2021/101460 CN2021101460W WO2022116515A1 WO 2022116515 A1 WO2022116515 A1 WO 2022116515A1 CN 2021101460 W CN2021101460 W CN 2021101460W WO 2022116515 A1 WO2022116515 A1 WO 2022116515A1
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Prior art keywords
ecu
flashed
flashing
diagnostic instrument
file
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PCT/CN2021/101460
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English (en)
French (fr)
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刘吉
张鹏
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上海星融汽车科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2022116515A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022116515A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F8/00—Arrangements for software engineering
    • G06F8/60—Software deployment
    • G06F8/61—Installation
    • G06F8/63—Image based installation; Cloning; Build to order
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
    • G06F11/08—Error detection or correction by redundancy in data representation, e.g. by using checking codes
    • G06F11/10—Adding special bits or symbols to the coded information, e.g. parity check, casting out 9's or 11's
    • G06F11/1004—Adding special bits or symbols to the coded information, e.g. parity check, casting out 9's or 11's to protect a block of data words, e.g. CRC or checksum
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
    • G06F13/38—Information transfer, e.g. on bus
    • G06F13/382—Information transfer, e.g. on bus using universal interface adapter
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F8/00—Arrangements for software engineering
    • G06F8/70—Software maintenance or management
    • G06F8/71—Version control; Configuration management

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle diagnosis, and in particular relates to a cross-manufacturer flashing system and method for a board-free ECU.
  • each electronic control module has its own specific data, which involves each During the life cycle of each electronic control module, its data may be rewritten or upgraded. For example, there may be a problem of failure in the after-sales process of the vehicle, and the data of the on-board module needs to be rewritten during the after-sales maintenance.
  • control module with the same hardware may be applied to different models or vehicles with different configurations, and software may be provided by different software suppliers, so different implementations need to be implemented according to different models, configurations and software suppliers.
  • the control function, which makes the control module with the same hardware may need to flash different application data. These requirements are easier to operate on the vehicle production line, but in the after-sales service, it is equivalent to cross-manufacturer flashing.
  • the current cross-manufacturer flashing method requires the engine ECU module to be disassembled and jumpered. Due to the complex structure of the flashing tool, Therefore, the relevant operators need to have certain technical requirements, which is easy to make mistakes, and the efficiency is not high, which increases the maintenance cost of the vehicle.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • the present invention provides a board-free ECU cross-manufacturer flashing system, including a diagnostic instrument and an adapter, the adapter having a first connector connected to the diagnostic instrument and a device for connecting to the ECU to be flashed a second connector, the first connector is connected to a pin of the same definition in the second connector;
  • the diagnostic unit is configured to:
  • the corresponding pins of the ECU to be flashed are enabled to provide physical link support for flashing
  • the present invention provides a cross-manufacturer flashing method for a board-free ECU, including:
  • the corresponding pins of the ECU to be flashed are enabled through the diagnostic instrument to provide physical link support for flashing;
  • the diagnostic instrument After the diagnostic instrument receives the allowable flashing instruction sent by the ECU to be flashed, the diagnostic instrument flashes the Bootloader file to the Bootloader memory of the ECU to be flashed;
  • the diagnostic instrument instructs the ECU to be flashed to erase its EEPROM storage and FLASH storage;
  • the diagnostic instrument flashes the EEPROM file to the EEPROM storage of the ECU to be flashed;
  • the diagnostic instrument flashes the FLASH file to the FLASH memory of the ECU to be flashed;
  • the adapter has a first connector for connecting with the diagnostic instrument and a second connector for connecting with the ECU to be flashed, and the first connector is connected with a pin of the same definition in the second connector.
  • the present invention does not require the operation of disassembling the engine ECU module and jumping the wire, which reduces the technical requirements for the user's operation. It greatly improves the efficiency of flashing, avoids errors, and reduces maintenance costs.
  • the BOOTLOADER area and the EEPROM area need to be flashed during the flashing process, so that the diagnostic equipment and ECU can directly exchange data. For the first time, the ECU cross-manufacturer is realized. flash.
  • Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a flow chart of the present invention.
  • an embodiment of the present specification provides a cross-manufacturer flashing system for an ECU without dismantling a board, including a diagnostic instrument 110 and an adapter 120 .
  • the adapter 120 has a first connector 121 connected to the diagnostic instrument 110 and a The second connector 122 to be connected to the ECU 2 to be flashed, the first connector 121 is connected to the pin of the same definition in the second connector 122 .
  • the diagnostic instrument 110 includes an upper computer 111 for the user to input a flash command and a lower computer (Vehicle connector interface) 112 for signal transfer between the upper computer 111 and the adapter 120.
  • the upper computer 111 and the lower computer 112 are wired or wireless. connection, the first connector 121 is connected to the lower computer 112 .
  • the wired connection may be a USB connection, and the wireless connection may be a Bluetooth connection.
  • the host computer 111 may be a desktop computer, a notebook computer, a tablet computer, or the like.
  • Diagnostic tool 110 is configured to:
  • the corresponding pins are enabled through the diagnostic instrument 110, which has low technical requirements for the operator.
  • the diagnostic instrument 110 performs identity authentication with the ECU to be flashed, and after the identity authentication is passed, receives a flashing permission instruction from the ECU to be flashed. If you request a security key from the ECU to be flashed, get identity authentication.
  • the main function of the bootloader file is to provide the lowest and most direct hardware settings and control for the ECU, and is responsible for the initialized system startup and loading functions to make the ECU system run normally.
  • an encryption step is also set:
  • the diagnostic instrument While erasing the EEPROM memory and the FLASH memory, the diagnostic instrument obtains the SEED from the ECU to be flashed.
  • the diagnostic instrument sends the Key corresponding to the above SEED to the ECU to be flashed.
  • the diagnostic instrument After receiving the correct feedback of the Key from the ECU to be flashed, the diagnostic instrument encrypts the EEPROM file and the FLASH file through the encryption algorithm and the Key.
  • SEED is equivalent to the question that the ECU sends to the diagnostic instrument before flashing the ECU
  • the Key is the answer that the diagnostic instrument replies to the ECU according to the question.
  • the next step can be performed to avoid flashing the wrong data.
  • An encryption method has been preset in the factory program of the ECU.
  • the file is encrypted by a corresponding encryption method, and the ECU performs corresponding decryption when flashing.
  • the EEPROM file refers to the file that needs to be flashed into the EEPROM memory of the ECU.
  • the EEPROM file contains important configuration information of the ECU, such as IQA code and VIN code. When flashing across manufacturers, the EEPROM file must be flashed first, and then flashed again. FLASH file.
  • the FLASH file refers to the file that needs to be flashed into the FLASH memory of the ECU.
  • the FLASH file contains the basic configuration information of the ECU, such as the ECU software version information, and the parameter information of each sensor and actuator controlled by the ECU.
  • the above Bootloader file, EEPROM file and FLASH file are Hex format files.
  • the data is flashed sequentially by sub-segments, and the fragment refers to each paragraph of the data to be flashed, and each paragraph has its own start address and end address.
  • the diagnostic instrument For the flash data of each area, the diagnostic instrument will calculate the corresponding first check code. If the first check code calculated by the diagnostic instrument based on the current block flash data and the ECU to be flashed calculated according to the current block flash data If the second check code is the same, the flashing is successful, otherwise, the diagnostic instrument will flash the data to the current area again. Among them, the ECU will calculate the second check code phase of the current area after receiving the flash data of the current area, and send the second check code phase to the diagnostic instrument.
  • the above-mentioned check code may adopt an MD5 value or a SHA1 value or the like.
  • the embodiments of this specification also provide a cross-manufacturer flashing method for a board-free ECU, including:
  • S102 according to the schematic diagram of the ECU to be flashed, enable the corresponding pins of the ECU to be flashed through the diagnostic instrument, so as to provide physical link support for flashing. This method is less technically demanding for the operator.
  • CAN/K communication is performed with the ECU to be flashed through the adapter 120 .
  • S103 Send a flashing request to the ECU to be flashed through the diagnostic instrument.
  • the diagnostic instrument 110 performs identity authentication with the ECU to be flashed, and after passing the identity authentication, receives a flashing permission instruction from the ECU to be flashed. If you request a security key from the ECU to be flashed, get identity authentication.
  • the diagnostic instrument flashes the Bootloader file to the Bootloader memory of the ECU to be flashed.
  • the main function of the bootloader file is to provide the lowest and most direct hardware settings and control for the ECU, and is responsible for the initialized system startup and loading functions to make the ECU system run normally.
  • the diagnostic instrument instructs the ECU to be flashed to erase its EEPROM memory and FLASH memory.
  • an encryption step is also set:
  • the diagnostic instrument While erasing the EEPROM memory and the FLASH memory, the diagnostic instrument obtains the SEED from the ECU to be flashed.
  • the diagnostic instrument sends the Key corresponding to the above SEED to the ECU to be flashed.
  • the diagnostic instrument After receiving the correct feedback of the Key from the ECU to be flashed, the diagnostic instrument encrypts the EEPROM file and the FLASH file through the encryption algorithm and the Key.
  • SEED is equivalent to the question that the ECU sends to the diagnostic instrument before flashing the ECU
  • the Key is the answer that the diagnostic instrument replies to the ECU according to the question.
  • the next step can be performed to avoid flashing the wrong data.
  • An encryption method has been preset in the factory program of the ECU.
  • the file is encrypted by a corresponding encryption method, and the ECU performs corresponding decryption when flashing.
  • the diagnostic instrument flashes the EEPROM file to the EEPROM memory of the ECU to be flashed.
  • the diagnostic instrument flashes the FLASH file to the FLASH memory of the ECU to be flashed.
  • the EEPROM file refers to the file that needs to be flashed into the EEPROM memory of the ECU.
  • the EEPROM file contains important configuration information of the ECU, such as IQA code and VIN code. When flashing across manufacturers, the EEPROM file must be flashed first, and then flashed again. FLASH file.
  • the FLASH file refers to the file that needs to be flashed into the FLASH memory of the ECU.
  • the FLASH file contains the basic configuration information of the ECU, such as the ECU software version information, and the parameter information of each sensor and actuator controlled by the ECU.
  • the above Bootloader file, EEPROM file and FLASH file are Hex format files.
  • the data is flashed sequentially by sub-segments, and the fragment refers to each paragraph of the data to be flashed, and each paragraph has its own start address and end address.
  • the diagnostic instrument For the flash data of each area, the diagnostic instrument will calculate the corresponding first check code. If the first check code calculated by the diagnostic instrument based on the current block flash data and the ECU to be flashed calculated according to the current block flash data If the second check code is the same, the flashing is successful, otherwise, the diagnostic instrument will flash the data to the current area again. Among them, the ECU will calculate the second check code phase of the current area after receiving the flash data of the current area, and send the second check code phase to the diagnostic instrument.
  • the above-mentioned check code may adopt an MD5 value or a SHA1 value or the like.
  • the adapter 120 has a first connector 121 connected with the diagnostic instrument 110 and a second connector 122 used for connecting with the ECU 2 to be flashed.
  • the first connector 121 and the second connector 122 have the same definitions The pins are connected.
  • the diagnostic instrument 110 includes an upper computer 111 for the user to input a flash command and a lower computer 112 for signal transfer between the upper computer 111 and the adapter 120.
  • the upper computer 111 and the lower computer (Vehicle connector interface) 112 are wired or wireless connection, the first connector 121 is connected to the lower computer 112 .
  • the wired connection may be a USB connection, and the wireless connection may be a Bluetooth connection.
  • the host computer 111 may be a desktop computer, a notebook computer, a tablet computer, or the like.
  • the second connector 122 of the adapter 120 is one.
  • the first connector 121 of the adapter 120 is a 16-pin OBD female connector (standard 16-pin OBD port), and the second connector 122 is a Bosch 94P plug (original Factory 94P connector), which has 94 pins corresponding to the pins of the 94PIN port of the ECU to be flashed.
  • connection relationship between the pins of the Bosch 94P plug and the pins of the 16-pin OBD female header is as follows:
  • the 16-pin OBD female header is connected to the 24V power supply, and supplies power to the ECU to be flashed through pin 4 and pin 16.
  • the 64th pin of the Bosch 94P plug is connected to the 7th pin of the 16-pin OBD female header, and the K-line communication pin of the ECU to be flashed is connected to the 16-pin OBD female header.
  • the 7th pin can establish a K line with the vehicle electronic control unit communication.
  • the 65th pin of the Bosch 94P plug is connected to the 14th pin of the 16-pin OBD female header, and the communication CANL pin of the ECU to be flashed is connected to the 16-pin OBD female header 14th pin.
  • the No. 66 pin of the Bosch 94P plug is connected to the No. 6 pin of the 16-pin OBD female header, and the diagnostic CANH pin of the ECU to be flashed is connected to the No. 6 pin of the 16-pin OBD female header.
  • CANL and CANH are the necessary pins for establishing CAN communication.
  • the No. 71 pin of the Bosch 94P plug is connected to the No. 16 pin of the 16-pin OBD female header, and the key switch pin of the ECU to be flashed is connected to the 16-pin OBD female header.
  • the 16th pin is used as a key switch to realize the wake-up function.
  • the No. 46 pin of the Bosch 94P plug is connected to the No. 8 pin of the 16-pin OBD female header, and the positive pin of the camshaft signal line of the ECU to be flashed is led to the No. 8 pin of the 16-pin OBD female header as the PWM wave input duty cycle pin to activate the ECU mode.
  • the No. 52 pin of the Bosch 94P plug is connected to the No. 12 pin of the 16-pin OBD female header, and the positive pin of the crankshaft signal line of the ECU to be flashed is connected to the 16-pin OBD female header. pin to activate the ECU mode.
  • the ECU is activated by inputting a specific PWM waveform through two pins, and the ECU recognizes the input waveform and confirms that it is correct to enter the flashing mode without disassembling the board.
  • the first connector 121 of the adapter 120 is a 16-pin OBD female connector (standard 16-pin OBD port), and the two second connectors 122 are respectively connected to the ECU to be flashed.
  • the Bosch 94P plug (original 94P connector) connected to the 94PIN port
  • the Bosch 60P plug (original 60P connector) connected to the 60PIN port of the ECU to be flashed
  • the Bosch 94P plug has 94 94PINs connected to the ECU to be flashed
  • the pins of the port correspond one-to-one
  • the Bosch 60P plug has 60 pins corresponding to the pins of the 60PIN port of the ECU to be flashed.
  • connection relationship between the pins of the Bosch 94P plug and the pins of the 16-pin OBD female header is as follows:
  • the 16-pin OBD female header is connected to the 24V power supply, and supplies power to the ECU to be flashed through pin 4 and pin 16.
  • the No. 53 pin of the Bosch 94P plug is connected to the No. 11 pin of the 16-pin OBD female header, as the CAN1L pin of the CAN line communication pin, and the necessary pin for establishing CAN communication.
  • the No. 54 pin of the Bosch 94P plug is connected to the No. 6 pin of the 16-pin OBD female header as the CAN0H pin of the CAN line communication pin, which is the necessary pin for establishing CAN communication.
  • the No. 59 pin of the Bosch 94P plug is connected to the No. 7 pin of the 16-pin OBD female header as a K-line communication pin, which can establish communication with the ECU.
  • the No. 75 pin of the Bosch 94P plug is connected to the No. 3 pin of the 16-pin OBD female header, as the CAN1H pin of the CAN line communication pin, and the necessary pin for establishing CAN communication.
  • the No. 76 pin of the Bosch 94P plug is connected to the No. 14 pin of the 16-pin OBD female header, as the CAN0L pin of the CAN line communication pin, and the necessary pin for establishing CAN communication.
  • the 88th pin of the Bosch 94P plug is connected to the 16th pin of the 16-pin OBD female header, which is used as the key switch T15 to realize the wake-up function.
  • connection relationship between the pins of the Bosch 60P plug and the pins of the 16-pin OBD female header is as follows:
  • the 37th pin of the Bosch 60P plug is connected to the 8th pin of the 16-pin OBD female header as one of the PWM waveform communication pins to activate the mode inside the ECU.
  • the 39th pin of the Bosch 60P plug is connected to the 12th pin of the 16-pin OBD female header as one of the PWM waveform communication pins to activate the mode inside the ECU.
  • Input a specific PWM waveform through two pins (No. 37 and No. 39) to activate the internal mode of the ECU.
  • the ECU recognizes the input PWM waveform and enters the board-free flashing mode after confirming that it is correct.

Abstract

一种免拆板ECU跨厂家刷写系统及方法，通过诊断仪（110）以及转接头（120）对待刷写ECU（2）进行免拆板的跨厂家刷写，所述转接头（120）具有与所述诊断仪（110）连接的第一接头（121）以及用于与待刷写ECU（2）连接的第二接头（122），所述第一接头（121）与第二接头（122）中相同定义的针脚相连，不需要对待刷写ECU（2）进行拆壳和跳线操作，降低了对用户的操作技术要求，提高了刷写的效率，避免出错，降低了维修成本，此外，在刷写过程中额外需要刷写BOOTLOADER区和EEPROM区，使得诊断设备和ECU可以直接进行数据交换，首次实现ECU跨厂家刷写。

Description

免拆板ECU跨厂家刷写系统及方法 技术领域
本发明属于车辆诊断技术领域，尤其涉及一种免拆板ECU跨厂家刷写系统及方法。
背景技术
汽车智能化的不断提高，大量电子技术被应用到汽车控制中,随之，大量的电子控制模块出现在汽车电控系统中,每个电控模块都有自己特定的数据，这就涉及到每个电控模块在其生命周期内,其数据都有可能被重新写入或升级。例如:车辆在售后过程中可能存在故障的问题,需要在售后维修中对车载模块的数据进行重新刷写。
但具备相同硬件的电控模块有可能被应用到不同的车型上或者不同配置的车辆上，还有可能由不同的软件供应商提供软件,因此需要根据车型、配置和软件供应商的不同实现不同的控制功能,这就使得具备相同硬件的控制模块可能需要刷写不同的应用数据。这些需求在车辆生产线上较容易操作,但在售后服务中相当于进行跨厂家刷写，目前的跨厂家刷写方式需要对发动机ECU模块进行拆壳和跳线操作，由于刷写工具结构复杂，故相关操作人员需要具备一定的技术要求，这样的方式很容易出错，并且效率不高，增加了车辆维修成本。
发明内容
基于此，针对上述技术问题，提供一种免拆板ECU跨厂家刷写系统及方法。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一方面，本发明提供一种免拆板ECU跨厂家刷写系统，包括诊断仪以及转接头，所述转接头具有与所述诊断仪连接的第一接头以及用于与待刷写ECU连接的第二接头，所述第一接头与第二接头中相同定义的针脚相连；
所述诊断仪被配置为：
根据所述待刷写ECU的原理图，使能该待刷写ECU相应的针脚，以为刷写提供物理链路支持；
向所述待刷写ECU发送刷写请求；
收到所述待刷写ECU发送的允许刷写指令后，将Bootloader文件刷写至所述待刷写ECU的Bootloader存储器中；
Bootloader文件刷写完成后，指令所述待刷写ECU擦除其EEPROM储存器和FLASH储存器；
将EEPROM文件刷写至所述待刷写ECU的EEPROM储存器；
EEPROM文件刷写完成后，将FLASH文件刷写至所述待刷写ECU的FLASH储存器。
另一方面，本发明提供一种免拆板ECU跨厂家刷写方法，包括：
将转接头的第二接头与待刷写ECU连接；
根据所述待刷写ECU的原理图，通过诊断仪使能该待刷写ECU相应的针脚，以为刷写提供物理链路支持；
通过所述诊断仪向所述待刷写ECU发送刷写请求；
所述诊断仪收到所述待刷写ECU发送的允许刷写指令后，将Bootloader文件刷写至所述待刷写ECU的Bootloader存储器中；
Bootloader文件刷写完成后，所述诊断仪指令所述待刷写ECU擦除其EEPROM储存器和FLASH储存器；
所述诊断仪将EEPROM文件刷写至所述待刷写ECU的EEPROM储存器；
EEPROM文件刷写完成后，所述诊断仪将FLASH文件刷写至所述待刷写ECU的FLASH储存器；
其中，所述转接头具有与所述诊断仪连接的第一接头以及用于与待刷写ECU连接的第二接头，所述第一接头与第二接头中相同定义的针脚相连。
本发明不需要对发动机ECU模块进行拆壳和跳线操作,降低了对用户的操作技术要求,只需根据待刷写ECU的原理图通过诊断设备使能相应的引脚即可进行刷写，极大地提高了刷写的效率，避免出错，降低了维修成本，此外，在刷写过程中额外需要刷写BOOTLOADER区和EEPROM区，使得诊断设备和ECU可以直接进行数据交换，首次实现ECU跨厂家刷写。
附图说明
下面结合附图和具体实施方式本发明进行详细说明：
图1为本发明的结构示意图；
图2为本发明的流程图。
具体实施方式
如图1所示，本说明书实施例提供一种免拆板ECU跨厂家刷写系统，包括诊断仪110以及转接头120，转接头120具有与诊断仪110连接的第一接头121以及用于与待刷写ECU2连接的第二接头122，第一接头121与第二接头122中相同定义的针脚相连。
诊断仪110包括供用户输入刷写命令的上位机111以及用于在上位机111和转接头120之间进行信号中转的下位机(Vehicle connector interface)112，上位机111与下位机112有线或者无线连接，第一接头121与下位机112连接。有线连接可以为USB连接，无线连接可以为蓝牙连接。
上位机111可以为台式电脑、笔记本电脑或者平板电脑等等。
诊断仪110被配置为：
1、根据待刷写ECU的原理图，使能该待刷写ECU相应的针脚，以为刷写提供物理链路支持。在本实施例中，通过转接头120与待刷写ECU进行CAN/K通信。
根据待刷写ECU的原理图，通过诊断仪110使能相应的针脚，对于操作人员来说技术要求较低。
2、向待刷写ECU发送刷写请求。
为了提高安全性，在向待刷写ECU发送刷写请求后，诊断仪110与待刷写ECU进行身份认证，身份认证通过后，从待刷写ECU接收允许刷写指令。如向待刷写ECU请求安全密钥，获得身份认证。
3、收到待刷写ECU发送的允许刷写指令后，将Bootloader文件刷写至待刷写ECU的Bootloader存储器中。
Bootloader文件的主要功能是为ECU提供最底层、最直接的硬件设置和控制，负责初始化的系统启动和加载功能，使ECU系统正常运行。
4、Bootloader文件刷写完成后，指令待刷写ECU擦除其EEPROM储存器和FLASH储存器。
优选地，本实施例在刷写EEPROM文件前，还设置了加密步骤：
A、在擦除EEPROM储存器和FLASH储存器的同时，诊断仪从待刷写ECU获取SEED。
B、诊断仪将与上述SEED对应的Key发送给待刷写ECU。
C、诊断仪从待刷写ECU收到Key正确的反馈后，通过加密算法以及Key对EEPROM文件以及FLASH文件进行加密。
其中，SEED相当于刷写ECU之前，ECU给诊断仪的问题，Key是诊断仪根据问题回复给ECU的答案，当Key正确时，方可进行下一步操作，从而避免刷写错误的数据。
加密的方式可以有多种，如针对每个刷写数据的字节，做相应的偏移，偏移量根据Key来确定。ECU的出厂程序中已经预置了加密方式，在本实施例中，通过相应的加密方式对文件进行加密，刷写时，ECU则进行相应的解密。
5、将EEPROM文件刷写至待刷写ECU的EEPROM储存器。
6、EEPROM文件刷写完成后，将FLASH文件刷写至待刷写ECU的FLASH储存器。
EEPROM文件是指需要刷入ECU的EEPROM储存器的文件，EEPROM文件中具有ECU的重要配置信息，如IQA码以及VIN码等，在跨厂家刷写时必须先刷写EEPROM文件，然后再刷写FLASH文件。
其中，FLASH文件是指需要刷入ECU的FLASH储存器的文件，FLASH文件中包含ECU的基本配置信息，比如ECU软件版本信息，受ECU控制的各传感器和执行器的参数信息等。
上述Bootloader文件、EEPROM文件以及FLASH文件为Hex格式文件。
较佳地，在刷写EEPROM文件以及FLASH文件时，依次分片区刷写数据，片区是指刷写数据的各个段落，每个段落有自己的起始地址和终止地址。
对于各片区的刷写数据，诊断仪都会计算相应的第一校验码，若诊断仪根据当前片区刷写数据计算得到的第一校验码与待刷写ECU根据当前片区刷写数据计算得到的第二校验码相同，则刷写成功，否则，诊断仪重新向当前片区刷写数据。其中，ECU收到当前片区刷写数据后会计算该片区的第二校验码相，并把该第二校验码相发给诊断仪。
上述校验码可以采用MD5值或者SHA1值等。
如图2所示，基于同一发明构思，本说明书实施例还提供一种免拆板ECU跨厂家刷写方法，包括：
S101、将转接头的第二接头与待刷写ECU连接。
S102、根据待刷写ECU的原理图，通过诊断仪使能该待刷写ECU相应的针脚，以为刷写提供物理链路支持。这样的方式对于操作人员来说技术要求较低。
在本实施例中，通过转接头120与待刷写ECU进行CAN/K通信。
S103、通过诊断仪向待刷写ECU发送刷写请求。
为了提高安全性，在向待刷写ECU发送刷写请求后，诊断仪110与待刷写ECU进行身 份认证，身份认证通过后，从待刷写ECU接收允许刷写指令。如向待刷写ECU请求安全密钥，获得身份认证。
S104、诊断仪收到待刷写ECU发送的允许刷写指令后，将Bootloader文件刷写至待刷写ECU的Bootloader存储器中。
Bootloader文件的主要功能是为ECU提供最底层、最直接的硬件设置和控制，负责初始化的系统启动和加载功能，使ECU系统正常运行。
S105、Bootloader文件刷写完成后，诊断仪指令待刷写ECU擦除其EEPROM储存器和FLASH储存器。
优选地，本实施例在刷写EEPROM文件前，还设置了加密步骤：
A、在擦除EEPROM储存器和FLASH储存器的同时，诊断仪从待刷写ECU获取SEED。
B、诊断仪将与上述SEED对应的Key发送给待刷写ECU。
C、诊断仪从待刷写ECU收到Key正确的反馈后，通过加密算法以及Key对EEPROM文件以及FLASH文件进行加密。
其中，SEED相当于刷写ECU之前，ECU给诊断仪的问题，Key是诊断仪根据问题回复给ECU的答案，当Key正确时，方可进行下一步操作，从而避免刷写错误的数据。
加密的方式可以有多种，如针对每个刷写数据的字节，做相应的偏移，偏移量根据Key来确定。ECU的出厂程序中已经预置了加密方式，在本实施例中，通过相应的加密方式对文件进行加密，刷写时，ECU则进行相应的解密。
S106、诊断仪将EEPROM文件刷写至待刷写ECU的EEPROM储存器。
S107、EEPROM文件刷写完成后，诊断仪将FLASH文件刷写至待刷写ECU的FLASH储存器。
EEPROM文件是指需要刷入ECU的EEPROM储存器的文件，EEPROM文件中具有ECU的重要配置信息，如IQA码以及VIN码等，在跨厂家刷写时必须先刷写EEPROM文件，然后再刷写FLASH文件。
其中，FLASH文件是指需要刷入ECU的FLASH储存器的文件，FLASH文件中包含ECU的基本配置信息，比如ECU软件版本信息，受ECU控制的各传感器和执行器的参数信息等。
上述Bootloader文件、EEPROM文件以及FLASH文件为Hex格式文件。
较佳地，在刷写EEPROM文件以及FLASH文件时，依次分片区刷写数据，片区是指刷写数据的各个段落，每个段落有自己的起始地址和终止地址。
对于各片区的刷写数据，诊断仪都会计算相应的第一校验码，若诊断仪根据当前片区刷写数据计算得到的第一校验码与待刷写ECU根据当前片区刷写数据计算得到的第二校验码相同，则刷写成功，否则，诊断仪重新向当前片区刷写数据。其中，ECU收到当前片区刷写数据后会计算该片区的第二校验码相，并把该第二校验码相发给诊断仪。
上述校验码可以采用MD5值或者SHA1值等。
其中，如图1所示，转接头120具有与诊断仪110连接的第一接头121以及用于与待刷写ECU2连接的第二接头122，第一接头121与第二接头122中相同定义的针脚相连。
转接头120可以参考申请人已经授权的实用新型专利(申请号:CN201922089277.7马牌ECU车下诊断接头)。
诊断仪110包括供用户输入刷写命令的上位机111以及用于在上位机111和转接头 120之间进行信号中转的下位机112，上位机111与下位机(Vehicle connector interface)112有线或者无线连接，第一接头121与下位机112连接。有线连接可以为USB连接，无线连接可以为蓝牙连接。
上位机111可以为台式电脑、笔记本电脑或者平板电脑等等。
实施例1
在本实施例中，转接头120的第二接头122为一个。
如待刷写ECU为博世EDC17C55、博世EDC17C04或者博世EDC17C63时，转接头120的第一接头121为16针OBD母头(标准的16针的OBD口)，第二接头122为博世94P插头(原厂的94P接头)，其具有94个与待刷写ECU的94PIN口的针脚一一对应的针脚。
其中，博世94P插头的针脚与16针OBD母头的针脚的连接关系如下：
博世94P插头的2号针脚与16针OBD母头的4号针脚连接，将待刷写ECU的电源负极脚引至16针OBD母头的4号针脚。
博世94P插头的6号针脚与16针OBD母头的16号针脚连接，将待刷写ECU的电源正极脚引至16针OBD母头的16号针脚。
16针OBD母头接入24V电源，并通过4号针脚以及16号针脚给待刷写ECU供电。
博世94P插头的64号针脚与16针OBD母头的7号针脚连接，将待刷写ECU的K线通讯脚引至16针OBD母头的7号针脚，可以与车辆电子控制单元建立K线通讯。
博世94P插头的65号针脚与16针OBD母头的14号针脚连接，将待刷写ECU的通讯CANL脚引至16针OBD母头的14号针脚。
博世94P插头的66号针脚与16针OBD母头的6号针脚连接，将待刷写ECU的诊断CANH脚引至16针OBD母头的6号针脚。
CANL和CANH建立CAN通讯的必要针脚。
博世94P插头的71号针脚与16针OBD母头的16号针脚连接，将待刷写ECU的钥匙开关脚引至16针OBD母头的16号针脚，作为钥匙开关，实现唤醒功能。
博世94P插头的46号针脚与16针OBD母头的8号针脚连接，将待刷写ECU的凸轮轴信号线正极脚引至16针OBD母头的8号针脚，作为PWM波输入占空比的针脚，实现ECU模式的激活。
博世94P插头的52号针脚与16针OBD母头的12号针脚连接，将待刷写ECU的曲轴信号线正极脚引至16针OBD母头的12号针脚，作为PWM波输入占空比的针脚，实现ECU模式的激活。
通过两个针脚输入特定的PWM波形，来激活ECU,ECU对输入的波形进行识别，确认无误进入免拆板刷写模式。
实施例2
在本实施例中，转接头120的第二接头122为两个。
如待刷写ECU为博世EDC17CV44或者博世EDC17CV54时，转接头120的第一接头121为16针OBD母头(标准的16针的OBD口)，两个第二接头122分别为与待刷写ECU的94PIN口连接的博世94P插头(原厂的94P接头)、与待刷写ECU的60PIN口连接的博世60P插头(原厂的60P接头),博世94P插头具有94个与待刷写ECU的94PIN口的针脚一一对应的针脚，博世60P插头具有60个与待刷写ECU的60PIN口的针脚一一对应的针脚。
博世94P插头的针脚与16针OBD母头的针脚的连接关系如下：
博世94P插头的4号针脚与16针OBD母头的4号针脚连接，将待刷写ECU的电源负极脚引至16针OBD母头的4号针脚。
博世94P插头的3号针脚与16针OBD母头的16号针脚连接，将待刷写ECU的电源正极脚引至16针OBD母头的16号针脚。
16针OBD母头接入24V电源，并通过4号针脚以及16号针脚给待刷写ECU供电。
博世94P插头的53号针脚与16针OBD母头的11号针脚连接，作为CAN线通讯针脚的CAN1L针脚，建立CAN通讯的必要针脚。
博世94P插头的54号针脚与16针OBD母头的6号针脚连接，作为CAN线通讯针脚的CAN0H针脚，建立CAN通讯的必要针脚。
博世94P插头的59号针脚与16针OBD母头的7号针脚连接，作为K线通讯针脚，可以与ECU建立通讯。
博世94P插头的75号针脚与16针OBD母头的3号针脚连接，作为CAN线通讯针脚的CAN1H针脚，建立CAN通讯的必要针脚。
博世94P插头的76号针脚与16针OBD母头的14号针脚连接，作为CAN线通讯针脚的CAN0L针脚，建立CAN通讯的必要针脚。
博世94P插头的88号针脚与16针OBD母头的16号针脚连接，作为钥匙开关T15，实现唤醒功能。
博世60P插头的针脚与16针OBD母头的针脚的连接关系如下：
博世60P插头的37号针脚与16针OBD母头的8号针脚连接，作为PWM波形通讯针脚之一，激活ECU内部的模式。
博世60P插头的39号针脚与16针OBD母头的12号针脚连接，作为PWM波形通讯针脚之一，激活ECU内部的模式。
通过两个针脚(37号和39号)输入特定的PWM波形，来激活ECU内部的模式，ECU对输入的PWM波形进行识别，确认无误后进入免拆板刷写模式。
但是，本技术领域中的普通技术人员应当认识到，以上的实施例仅是用来说明本发明，而并非用作为对本发明的限定，只要在本发明的实质精神范围内，对以上所述实施例的变化、变型都将落在本发明的权利要求书范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种免拆板ECU跨厂家刷写系统，其特征在于，包括诊断仪以及转接头，所述转接头具有与所述诊断仪连接的第一接头以及用于与待刷写ECU连接的第二接头，所述第一接头与第二接头中相同定义的针脚相连；
    所述诊断仪被配置为：
    根据所述待刷写ECU的原理图，使能该待刷写ECU相应的针脚，以为刷写提供物理链路支持；
    向所述待刷写ECU发送刷写请求；
    收到所述待刷写ECU发送的允许刷写指令后，将Bootloader文件刷写至所述待刷写ECU的Bootloader存储器中；
    Bootloader文件刷写完成后，指令所述待刷写ECU擦除其EEPROM储存器和FLASH储存器；
    将EEPROM文件刷写至所述待刷写ECU的EEPROM储存器；
    EEPROM文件刷写完成后，将FLASH文件刷写至所述待刷写ECU的FLASH储存器。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种免拆板ECU跨厂家刷写系统，其特征在于，所述诊断仪还被配置为：
    在向所述待刷写ECU发送刷写请求后，与所述待刷写ECU进行身份认证，身份认证通过后，从所述待刷写ECU接收允许刷写指令。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种免拆板ECU跨厂家刷写系统，其特征在于，所述诊断仪还被配置了加密步骤，所述加密步骤包括：
    在擦除EEPROM储存器和FLASH储存器的同时，所述诊断仪从所述待刷写ECU获取SEED；
    所述诊断仪将与所述SEED对应的Key发送给所述待刷写ECU；
    所述诊断仪从所述待刷写ECU收到Key正确的反馈后，通过加密算法以及所述Key对所述EEPROM文件以及FLASH文件进行加密。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种免拆板ECU跨厂家刷写系统，其特征在于，所述诊断仪还被配置为：
    在刷写EEPROM文件以及FLASH文件时，依次分片区刷写数据；
    若所述诊断仪根据当前片区刷写数据计算得到的第一校验码与所述待刷写ECU根据当前片区刷写数据计算得到的第二校验码相同，则刷写成功，否则，所述诊断仪重新向当前片区刷写数据。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种免拆板ECU跨厂家刷写系统，其特征在于，所述诊断仪包括供用户输入刷写命令的上位机以及用于在所述上位机和转接头之间进行信号中转的下位机，所述上位机与下位机有线或者无线连接，所述第一接头与所述下位机连接。
  6. 一种免拆板ECU跨厂家刷写方法，其特征在于，包括：
    将转接头的第二接头与待刷写ECU连接；
    根据所述待刷写ECU的原理图，通过诊断仪使能该待刷写ECU相应的针脚，以为刷写提供物理链路支持；
    通过所述诊断仪向所述待刷写ECU发送刷写请求；
    所述诊断仪收到所述待刷写ECU发送的允许刷写指令后，将Bootloader文件刷写至所述待刷写ECU的Bootloader存储器中；
    Bootloader文件刷写完成后，所述诊断仪指令所述待刷写ECU擦除其EEPROM储存器和FLASH储存器；
    所述诊断仪将EEPROM文件刷写至所述待刷写ECU的EEPROM储存器；
    EEPROM文件刷写完成后，所述诊断仪将FLASH文件刷写至所述待刷写ECU的FLASH储存器；
    其中，所述转接头具有与所述诊断仪连接的第一接头以及用于与待刷写ECU连接的第二接头，所述第一接头与第二接头中相同定义的针脚相连。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种免拆板ECU跨厂家刷写方法，其特征在于，还包括在所述诊断仪向所述待刷写ECU发送刷写请求后，所述诊断仪与所述待刷写ECU进行身份认证，身份认证通过后，从所述待刷写ECU接收允许刷写指令。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的一种免拆板ECU跨厂家刷写方法，其特征在于，还包括加密步骤：
    在擦除EEPROM储存器和FLASH储存器的同时，所述诊断仪从所述待刷写ECU获取SEED；
    所述诊断仪将与所述SEED对应的Key发送给所述待刷写ECU；
    所述诊断仪从所述待刷写ECU收到Key正确的反馈后，通过加密算法以及所述Key对所述EEPROM文件以及FLASH文件进行加密。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种免拆板ECU跨厂家刷写方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    在刷写EEPROM文件以及FLASH文件时，所述诊断仪依次分片区刷写数据；
    若所述诊断仪内的当前片区对应的第一校验码与所述待刷写ECU根据当前片区刷写的数据计算得到的第二校验码相同，则刷写成功，否则，所述诊断仪重新向当前片区刷写数据。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种免拆板ECU跨厂家刷写方法，其特征在于，所述诊断仪包括供用户输入刷写命令的上位机以及用于在所述上位机和转接头之间进行信号中转的下位机，所述上位机与下位机有线或者无线连接，所述第一接头与所述下位机连接。
PCT/CN2021/101460 2020-12-02 2021-06-22 免拆板ecu跨厂家刷写系统及方法 WO2022116515A1 (zh)

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