WO2022113957A9 - 工具損傷検出装置、およびコンピュータ読み取り可能な記憶媒体 - Google Patents
工具損傷検出装置、およびコンピュータ読み取り可能な記憶媒体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022113957A9 WO2022113957A9 PCT/JP2021/042857 JP2021042857W WO2022113957A9 WO 2022113957 A9 WO2022113957 A9 WO 2022113957A9 JP 2021042857 W JP2021042857 W JP 2021042857W WO 2022113957 A9 WO2022113957 A9 WO 2022113957A9
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 25
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- KNMAVSAGTYIFJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[2-[(2-hydroxy-3-phenoxypropyl)amino]ethylamino]-3-phenoxypropan-2-ol;dihydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.C=1C=CC=CC=1OCC(O)CNCCNCC(O)COC1=CC=CC=C1 KNMAVSAGTYIFJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002173 cutting fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/406—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by monitoring or safety
- G05B19/4065—Monitoring tool breakage, life or condition
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
- B23Q17/0952—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining
- B23Q17/0961—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining by measuring power, current or torque of a motor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/10—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting speed or number of revolutions
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/50—Machine tool, machine tool null till machine tool work handling
- G05B2219/50203—Tool, monitor condition tool
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/50—Machine tool, machine tool null till machine tool work handling
- G05B2219/50205—On tool breakage stop machine
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a tool damage detection device and a computer-readable storage medium.
- tool damage detection is performed on machine tools.
- time-series data indicating the load applied to the spindle in the interval from when the tool starts rotating to when it stops is acquired. Then, the time-series data in the acquired section is compared with the reference time-series data to detect tool damage (for example, Patent Document 1).
- the load data acquired from the start to the end of the machining cycle includes data during periods when the load changes greatly due to acceleration/deceleration torque, and data during non-cutting. Data indicating the load may be included.
- the acquired load data does not accurately indicate the load applied to the spindle in the section where cutting is actually performed by the tool. Therefore, even if the tool damage is detected using such load data, there is a possibility that the tool damage cannot be detected with high accuracy.
- the purpose of the present invention is to reliably detect tool damage by accurately capturing the characteristics of the load applied to the spindle.
- the tool damage detection device includes a data acquisition unit that acquires load data indicating the load of the spindle in the cutting feed section and rotation speed data indicating the rotation speed of the spindle; An extraction unit that extracts evaluation data used to evaluate occurrence, a detection unit that detects the occurrence of tool damage using the evaluation data, and when the detection unit detects damage to the tool, the occurrence of tool damage is detected. and an output unit for outputting data indicating.
- a computer-readable storage medium acquires load data indicating the load of the spindle in the cutting feed section and rotation speed data indicating the rotation speed of the spindle; extracting evaluation data used to evaluate the occurrence; detecting the occurrence of tool damage using the evaluation data; and outputting data indicating the occurrence of tool damage if the tool damage is detected.
- tool damage can be reliably detected by accurately capturing the characteristics of the load applied to the spindle.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of functions of a numerical control device;
- FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of each data acquired by the data acquisition part at the time of tap processing. It is a figure which shows an example of each data acquired by the data acquisition part at the time of milling. It is a figure which shows an example of each data acquired by the data acquisition part at the time of drilling.
- 4 is a flow chart showing an example of the flow of processing executed in a numerical control device; 4 is a flowchart for explaining an example of the flow of processing executed in a numerical control device;
- a tool damage detection device is a device that detects tool damage during or after machine tool operation.
- Tool damage is, for example, breakage or breakage of the tool.
- a tool damage detection device is, for example, a numerical control device for a machine tool.
- the tool damage detection device may be a computer such as a management server that manages the operating state of the machine tool.
- An example in which the tool damage detection device is a numerical control device will be described below.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a machine tool.
- the machine tool 1 is, for example, a machining center, a multitasking machine, a drilling machine, or a tapping center.
- the machine tool 1 includes a numerical control device 2 , a display device 3 , an input device 4 , a servo amplifier 5 and a servo motor 6 , a spindle amplifier 7 and a spindle motor 8 , and auxiliary equipment 9 .
- the numerical controller 2 is a device that controls the machine tool 1 as a whole.
- the numerical controller 2 includes a CPU 201 , a bus 202 , a ROM 203 , a RAM 204 and a nonvolatile memory 205 .
- the CPU 201 is a processor that controls the entire numerical controller 2 according to the system program.
- the CPU 201 reads a system program and the like stored in the ROM 203 via the bus 202 . Also, the CPU 201 controls the servo motor 6 and the spindle motor 8 according to the machining program.
- a bus 202 is a communication path that connects each piece of hardware in the numerical controller 2 to each other. Each piece of hardware within the numerical controller 2 exchanges data via the bus 202 .
- the ROM 203 is a storage device or storage medium that stores system programs and the like for controlling the entire numerical controller 2 .
- the RAM 204 is a storage device that temporarily stores various data.
- a RAM 204 functions as a work area for the CPU 201 to process various data.
- the nonvolatile memory 205 is a storage device that retains data even when the machine tool 1 is powered off and power is not supplied to the numerical controller 2 .
- the nonvolatile memory 205 is composed of, for example, an SSD (Solid State Drive).
- the numerical controller 2 further includes a first interface 206, a second interface 207, an axis control circuit 208, a spindle control circuit 209, a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) 210, and an I/O unit 211. I have.
- a first interface 206 is an interface that connects the bus 202 and the display device 3 .
- the first interface 206 sends various data processed by the CPU 201 to the display device 3, for example.
- the display device 3 is a device that receives various data via the first interface 206 and displays various data.
- the display device 3 is a display such as an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display).
- a second interface 207 is an interface that connects the bus 202 and the input device 4 .
- the second interface 207 for example, sends data input from the input device 4 to the CPU 201 via the bus 202 .
- the input device 4 is a device for inputting various data.
- Input device 4 is, for example, a keyboard and a mouse.
- the input device 4 and the display device 3 may be configured as one device like a touch panel, for example.
- the axis control circuit 208 is a circuit that controls the servo motor 6.
- the axis control circuit 208 receives a control command from the CPU 201 and outputs a command for driving the servo motor 6 to the servo amplifier 5 .
- the axis control circuit 208 sends a torque command for controlling the torque of the servo motor 6 to the servo amplifier 5, for example.
- the servo amplifier 5 receives a command from the axis control circuit 208 and supplies current to the servo motor 6 .
- the servo motor 6 is driven by being supplied with current from the servo amplifier 5 .
- the servomotor 6 is connected to, for example, a ball screw that drives the tool post, the spindle head, and the table.
- the structures of the machine tool 1 such as the tool post, the spindle head, and the table move, for example, in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, or the Z-axis direction.
- a spindle control circuit 209 is a circuit for controlling the spindle motor 8 .
- a spindle control circuit 209 receives a control command from the CPU 201 and outputs a command for driving the spindle motor 8 to the spindle amplifier 7 .
- the spindle control circuit 209 sends a torque command for controlling the torque of the spindle motor 8 to the spindle amplifier 7, for example.
- the spindle amplifier 7 receives a command from the spindle control circuit 209 and supplies current to the spindle motor 8 .
- the spindle amplifier 7 incorporates an ammeter 71 for measuring the current value of the current supplied to the spindle motor 8 .
- the ammeter 71 measures the current value of the current supplied to the spindle motor 8 .
- a current value measured by the ammeter 71 is used for load detection of the main shaft.
- the spindle motor 8 is driven by being supplied with current from the spindle amplifier 7 .
- a spindle motor 8 is connected to the main shaft and rotates the main shaft.
- the spindle motor 8 has a speed detector 81 that detects the rotation speed of the spindle motor 8 .
- a speed detector 81 detects the rotation speed of the spindle motor 8 .
- Data indicating the rotation speed of the spindle motor 8 detected by the speed detector 81 is used to extract reference load data and evaluation data for detecting the occurrence of tool damage.
- the reference load data and evaluation data will be explained later in detail.
- the PLC 210 is a device that executes a ladder program and controls the auxiliary device 9. PLC 210 controls auxiliary equipment 9 via I/O unit 211 .
- the I/O unit 211 is an interface that connects the PLC 210 and the auxiliary equipment 9 .
- the I/O unit 211 sends commands received from the PLC 210 to the auxiliary device 9 .
- the auxiliary equipment 9 is installed in the machine tool 1 and performs auxiliary operations when the machine tool 1 processes a workpiece.
- the auxiliary device 9 may be a device installed around the machine tool 1 .
- the auxiliary device 9 is, for example, a tool changer, a cutting fluid injection device, or an opening/closing door driving device.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of functions of the numerical controller 2. As shown in FIG.
- the numerical controller 2 includes a control section 221 , a data acquisition section 222 , an extraction section 223 , a storage section 224 , a detection section 225 and an output section 226 .
- the control unit 221, the data acquisition unit 222, the extraction unit 223, the detection unit 225, and the output unit 226 are realized, for example, by the CPU 201 performing arithmetic processing using the system program stored in the ROM 203 and various data. .
- the CPU 201 executes arithmetic processing using the RAM 204 as a work area.
- the storage unit 224 is realized by storing the data input from the input device 4 or the like or the calculation result of the calculation processing by the CPU 201 in the RAM 204 or the nonvolatile memory 205 .
- the control section 221 controls each section of the machine tool 1 . Also, the control unit 221 reads the machining program and analyzes the machining program. The control unit 221 executes the analyzed machining program to control the servo motor 6 and the spindle motor 8 . Thereby, the workpiece is processed. Also, the control unit 221 controls the operation of the auxiliary device 9 and the like.
- the data acquisition unit 222 acquires load data indicating the load on the spindle in the cutting feed section and rotation speed data indicating the rotation speed of the spindle.
- the cutting feed section is the section in which the tool is moved by the cutting feed.
- the section in which the tool is moved by the cutting feed is, for example, the section in which the tool is moved by the linear interpolation command "G01", circular interpolation command "G02", or "G03" described in the machining program. That is, the cutting feed section does not include a rapid feed section in which the tool is rapidly fed.
- the numerical controller 2 outputs a cutting signal.
- the signal during cutting is, for example, a speed control signal for the controller 221 to control the speed of the servomotor.
- the load data that indicates the load on the spindle is time-series data that indicates the load applied in the rotation direction of the spindle.
- the load data is represented by, for example, the current value of the current supplied to the spindle motor 8 .
- the load data is, for example, time-series data of values measured by an ammeter 71 built into the spindle amplifier 7 .
- the load data may be time-series data indicating the value of power supplied to the spindle motor 8 .
- the load data is obtained, for example, every 1 [ms].
- the rotation speed data indicating the rotation speed of the spindle is time-series data indicating the rotation speed of the spindle.
- the rotation speed data is, for example, time series data of values detected by a speed detector 81 provided in the spindle motor 8 .
- the rotation speed data indicates a positive value. If the spindle is rotating in reverse, the rotation speed data will show a negative value.
- Rotation speed data is obtained, for example, every 1 [ms].
- the data acquisition unit 222 acquires load data and rotational speed data, for example, when a normal tool is used to machine a workpiece for the first time and when the second and subsequent workpieces are machined.
- a normal tool is a tool that is not worn or damaged.
- the extraction unit 223 extracts reference load data that serves as a reference for detecting damage to the tool, based on the load data and rotational speed data obtained when the workpiece is first processed by the normal tool.
- the extraction unit 223 also extracts evaluation data used for evaluating the occurrence of tool damage, based on the load data and rotational speed data acquired when the second and subsequent works are processed.
- the extraction unit 223 extracts, as evaluation data, the load data of the cutting feed section in which the spindle is rotating forward and the rotation speed is constant.
- Constant means that it is substantially constant. For example, even if the rotational speed slightly fluctuates during cutting, it is considered that the rotational speed is constant.
- the extraction unit 223 extracts, for example, load data in a section in which the spindle rotates at ⁇ 10 [min ⁇ 1 ] of the rotation speed commanded by the machining program as reference load data or evaluation data.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of each data acquired by the data acquisition unit 222 during tap processing.
- (1) in FIG. 3 is data indicating a signal during cutting
- (2) in FIG. 3 is rotation speed data
- (3) in FIG. (4) shows the load data obtained when the tap is broken.
- Tapping is performed by a tapping cycle command.
- the tapping cycle when the in-cutting signal is output, the spindle starts to rotate and the tool moves in the negative direction of the Z-axis in accordance with the thread pitch.
- the rotation speed rises sharply until the rotation speed reaches the command speed (section a1 in (2) of FIG. 3). That is, since the rotation speed of the main shaft is not constant in this section, the extraction unit 223 does not extract the load data of this section as the reference load data or the evaluation data. After the spindle starts rotating, the load applied to the spindle in the rotation direction changes greatly due to the acceleration/deceleration torque until the rotation speed reaches the command speed.
- the extraction unit 223 extracts the load data of this section as reference load data or evaluation data. It should be noted that when the tap touches the workpiece and cutting is performed, the load applied to the spindle increases.
- the extraction unit 223 does not extract the load data of this section as the reference load data or the evaluation data. It should be noted that while the tool is moving back to the cutting start position along the machining path while the spindle is reversed, it is in a non-cutting state.
- (3) in FIG. 3 shows the load data acquired during machining of the first workpiece. Therefore, the data extracted from the load data shown in (3) of FIG. 3 is the reference load data.
- the evaluation data extracted from the start of machining of the second and subsequent workpieces to the occurrence of tool damage is substantially the same as the load data shown in FIG. 3(3).
- (4) in FIG. 3 shows the load data acquired when the tap is broken. That is, the data extracted from the load data shown in (4) of FIG. 3 is the evaluation data when the tool is damaged.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of each data acquired by the data acquisition unit 222 during milling.
- (1) in FIG. 4 is data indicating a signal during cutting
- (2) in FIG. 4 is rotation speed data
- (3) in FIG. shows the load data obtained when the milling cutter is broken.
- section from when the spindle starts rotating until it reaches the command speed (section a2 in (2) of FIG. 4), and from the state in which the spindle is rotating at the command speed until it stops.
- section (b2 section of (2) in FIG. 4) is not included in the cutting feed section in milling. Also, in milling, the spindle does not reverse.
- the extraction unit 223 extracts the entire cutting feed section as reference load data or evaluation data.
- (3) in FIG. 4 shows the load data during machining of the first workpiece. That is, the data extracted from the load data shown in (3) of FIG. 4 is the reference load data. Moreover, the evaluation data extracted from the start of machining of the second and subsequent workpieces until the damage to the tool occurs is substantially the same as the load data shown in FIG. 4(3).
- (4) in FIG. 4 shows the load data acquired when the milling cutter is broken. That is, the data extracted from the load data shown in (4) of FIG. 4 is the evaluation data when the tool is damaged.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of each data acquired by the data acquisition unit 222 during drilling.
- (1) in FIG. 5 is data indicating a signal during cutting
- (2) in FIG. 5 is rotation speed data
- (3) in FIG. indicates the load data obtained when the drill is broken.
- section from when the spindle starts rotating until it reaches the command speed (section a3 in (2) of FIG. 5), and from the state in which the spindle is rotating at the command speed until it stops.
- section (b3 section in (2) of FIG. 5) is not included in the cutting feed section in drilling. Also, in drilling, the spindle does not reverse.
- the extraction unit 223 extracts the entire cutting feed section as reference load data or evaluation data.
- (3) in FIG. 5 shows the load data during machining of the first workpiece. That is, the data extracted from the load data shown in (3) of FIG. 5 is the reference load data. Moreover, the evaluation data extracted from the start of machining of the second and subsequent workpieces to the occurrence of damage to the tool is substantially the same as the load data shown in FIG. 5(3).
- (4) in FIG. 5 shows the load data acquired when the drill is broken. That is, the data extracted from the load data shown in (4) of FIG. 5 is the evaluation data when the tool is damaged.
- the storage unit 224 stores the reference load data and evaluation data extracted by the extraction unit 223 .
- the storage unit 224 stores, for example, reference load data and evaluation data in association with time information.
- the time information is, for example, information indicating the time from the start of execution of the machining program to the acquisition of load data extracted as reference load data or evaluation data.
- the detection unit 225 detects the occurrence of tool damage using the evaluation data.
- the detection unit 225 detects occurrence of tool damage based on the reference load data and the evaluation data stored in the storage unit 224 .
- the detector 225 detects the occurrence of tool damage by comparing the reference load data and the evaluation data, for example.
- the detector 225 determines the evaluation data and the corresponding reference load data based on the time information, for example.
- the detection unit 225 detects the occurrence of tool damage by comparing the evaluation data with the corresponding reference load data.
- the detection unit 225 can detect the occurrence of tool damage by comparing the reference load data and the evaluation data.
- the detection unit 225 detects tool damage based on at least one of the maximum value, minimum value, and average value of the reference load data and at least one of the maximum value, minimum value, and average value of the evaluation data. to detect the occurrence of The detection unit 225 detects whether or not the tool is damaged, for example, by comparing the average value of the reference load data and the average value of the evaluation data.
- the detection unit 225 calculates at least one threshold value from at least one of the maximum value, minimum value, and average value of the reference load data, and compares the calculated at least one threshold value with the maximum value of the evaluation data. , a minimum value, and/or an average value to detect the occurrence of tool damage.
- the detection unit 225 calculates, for example, a value corresponding to 50% of the average value of the reference load data as the threshold value.
- the detection unit 225 detects that the tool is damaged when the average value of the evaluation data is less than 50% of the average value of the reference load data.
- the output unit 226 When the detection unit 225 detects tool damage, the output unit 226 outputs data indicating the occurrence of tool damage.
- the output unit 226 outputs data indicating the occurrence of tool damage to the display device 3, for example.
- the display device 3 receives the data indicating the occurrence of tool damage, it displays on the screen that the tool has been damaged.
- control unit 221 may, for example, issue an alarm indicating that the tool has been damaged. Further, the control section 221 may stop the operation of the machine tool 1 when an alarm is issued.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of processing executed by the numerical controller 2.
- the data acquisition unit 222 acquires load data indicating the load of the spindle in the cutting feed section and rotation speed data indicating the rotation speed of the spindle (step SA1).
- the extraction unit 223 extracts evaluation data used for evaluating occurrence of tool damage from the load data based on the rotational speed data. At this time, the extraction unit 223 extracts the load data of the section in which the spindle rotates forward and the rotational speed of the spindle is constant among the cutting feed sections as evaluation data (step SA2).
- the detection unit 225 detects the occurrence of tool damage using the evaluation data (step SA3). In other words, the detection unit 225 uses the evaluation data to determine whether the tool has been damaged.
- the output unit 226 When the detection unit 225 detects damage to the tool (Yes in step SA3), the output unit 226 outputs data indicating the occurrence of damage to the tool (step SA4), and terminates the process. For example, the output unit 226 outputs data indicating the occurrence of tool damage to the display device 3 of the numerical control device 2 and causes the display device 3 to display the data indicating the occurrence of tool damage.
- step SA3 If damage to the tool is not detected (No in step SA3), the process returns to step SA1 to continue acquiring load data and rotational speed data.
- the tool damage detection device 2 includes the data acquisition unit 222 that acquires the load data indicating the load of the spindle in the cutting feed section and the rotation speed data indicating the rotation speed of the spindle, and the rotation speed data based on the rotation speed data.
- An extraction unit 223 extracts evaluation data used for evaluating the occurrence of tool damage from the load data, a detection unit 225 detects the occurrence of tool damage using the evaluation data, and the detection unit 225 detects damage to the tool. and an output 226 that, if detected, outputs data indicative of the occurrence of tool damage. Therefore, tool damage can be reliably detected by accurately capturing the characteristics of the load applied to the spindle.
- the evaluation data is the load data of the cutting feed section in which the spindle rotates forward and the rotational speed of the spindle is constant. Using such data as the evaluation data makes it possible to reliably detect tool damage in various types of machining such as tapping, milling, and drilling.
- the extraction unit 223 further extracts reference load data serving as a reference for detecting tool damage from the load data, and the detection unit 225 detects the occurrence of tool damage based on the reference load data and the evaluation data. do. Further, the detection unit 225 detects the tool load based on at least one of the maximum value, minimum value, and average value of the reference load data and at least one of the maximum value, minimum value, and average value of the evaluation data. to detect the occurrence of damage to Therefore, the load of data processing in the detection unit 225 is reduced compared to the case of comparing all the time-series data.
- the detection unit 225 calculates at least one threshold value from at least one of the maximum value, the minimum value, and the average value of the reference load data, and the calculated at least one threshold value and the evaluation data. A comparison with at least one of a maximum value, a minimum value, and an average value is performed to detect the occurrence of tool damage. Therefore, the threshold value is automatically calculated without relying on the experience of the operator, and the burden on the operator is reduced.
- evaluation data is extracted based on rotational speed data.
- the evaluation data may be extracted according to the type of processing without being limited to such an embodiment.
- the data acquisition unit 222 acquires coordinate value data indicating the coordinate values of the cutting point, and the extraction unit 223 extracts the tool based on the coordinate value data alone or based on the rotation speed data and the coordinate value data. determines the type of processing to be performed, and extracts evaluation data according to the type of processing.
- the coordinate value data indicating the coordinate values of the cutting point is, for example, time-series data indicating the coordinate values of the movement path of the tool in the work coordinate system. Coordinate values indicating the cutting point are calculated, for example, based on values detected by linear scales (not shown) arranged in the respective directions of the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis.
- the extraction unit 223 detects the moving direction of the tool from the coordinate value data and determines the type of machining. For example, if the moving direction of the tool in the cutting feed section is the X-axis direction or the Y-axis direction and the tool does not move in the Z-axis direction, the extraction unit 223 determines that the machining type is milling.
- the extraction unit 223 determines that the type of machining is tapping or drilling.
- the extraction unit 223 determines that the type of processing is tapping. If the cutting feed section does not include a section in which the tool is reversed, the extraction unit 223 determines that the type of machining is drilling.
- the extraction unit 223 determines that the rotation of the main shaft includes forward rotation and reverse rotation, and that the amount of rotation when the main shaft rotates in the forward direction is the same as the amount of rotation when the main shaft rotates in the reverse direction. In this case, it may be determined that the type of machining is tapping.
- the extraction unit 223 determines that the type of machining is tapping, the load data of the section in which the spindle rotates forward and the rotation speed of the spindle is constant in the cutting feed section is used as the reference load data, or Extract as evaluation data.
- the extraction unit 223 determines that the type of machining is milling or drilling, it extracts the entire cutting feed interval as reference load data or evaluation data.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart explaining an example of the flow of processing executed in the numerical controller 2.
- the data acquisition unit 222 acquires load data indicating the load of the spindle in the cutting feed section, rotation speed data indicating the rotation speed of the spindle, and coordinate value data indicating the coordinate value of the cutting point. acquire (step SB1).
- the extraction unit 223 determines the type of processing (step SB2).
- the extraction unit 223 extracts evaluation data for tapping (step SB3).
- the extracting unit 223 extracts the load data of the cutting feed section in which the spindle rotates forward and the rotational speed of the spindle is constant as the evaluation data.
- the extraction unit 223 extracts evaluation data for milling or drilling (step SB4). That is, the extraction unit 223 extracts the entire cutting feed section as evaluation data.
- the detection unit 225 detects the occurrence of tool damage using the evaluation data (step SB5). In other words, the detection unit 225 uses the evaluation data to determine whether the tool has been damaged.
- the output unit 226 When the detection unit 225 detects damage to the tool (Yes in step SB5), the output unit 226 outputs data indicating the occurrence of damage to the tool (step SB6), and terminates the process. For example, the output unit 226 outputs data indicating the occurrence of tool damage to the display device 3 of the numerical control device 2 and causes the display device 3 to display the data indicating the occurrence of tool damage.
- step SB5 If no damage to the tool is detected (No in step SB5), the process returns to step SB1 to continue acquiring load data, rotation speed data, and coordinate value data.
- the data acquisition unit 222 acquires the coordinate value data indicating the coordinate values of the cutting point
- the extraction unit 223 acquires the coordinate value data or the rotation speed data and the coordinate value data.
- the type of processing is discriminated, and evaluation data is extracted according to the discriminated type of processing.
- the extraction unit 223 determines that the type of machining is tapping
- the load data of the section in which the spindle rotates forward in the cutting feed section and the rotation speed of the spindle is constant is the reference load data, Or extract as evaluation data. Therefore, tool damage in various operations such as tapping, milling, and drilling can be reliably detected.
- the type of processing when the type of processing is milling, for example, when the possibility of tool breakage is low, the type of processing can be discriminated to exclude damage to the tool used in the processing from the detection targets. can. In this case, it is not necessary to store reference load data or evaluation data for milling in the storage unit 224, and the amount of data stored in the storage unit 224 can be reduced.
- the data acquisition unit 222 acquires coordinate value data indicating the coordinate values of the cutting point, and the extraction unit 223 extracts only the coordinate value data or the rotation speed data and the coordinate value data without discriminating the type of machining. Based on this, evaluation data used for evaluating the occurrence of tool damage may be extracted from the load data.
- the extraction unit 223 detects the moving direction of the tool from the coordinate value data. For example, in the cutting feed section, if the moving direction of the tool is the X-axis direction or the Y-axis direction and the tool does not move in the Z-axis direction, the extraction unit 223 extracts the entire cutting feed section as evaluation data.
- the extraction unit 223 extracts The load data in the section in which the spindle is rotating and the rotation speed of the main shaft is constant is extracted as reference load data or evaluation data.
- the extraction unit 223 extracts the entire cutting feed section. Extract as reference load data or evaluation data.
- the extraction unit 223 can extract the evaluation data and the reference load data in the same manner as when determining the type of processing.
- machine tool 2 numerical control device (tool damage detection device) 201 CPUs 202 bus 203 ROM 204 RAMs 205 nonvolatile memory 206 first interface 207 second interface 208 axis control circuit 209 spindle control circuit 210 PLC 211 I/O unit 221 control unit 222 data acquisition unit 223 extraction unit 224 storage unit 225 detection unit 226 output unit 3 display device 4 input device 5 servo amplifier 6 servo motor 7 spindle amplifier 71 ammeter 8 spindle motor 81 speed detector 9 auxiliary equipment
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Abstract
Description
検出部225は、評価データを用いて工具の損傷の発生を検出する。検出部225は、記憶部224に記憶された基準負荷データと評価データとに基づいて工具の損傷の発生を検出する。検出部225は、例えば、基準負荷データと評価データとを比較することにより工具の損傷の発生を検出する。検出部225は、例えば、時間情報に基づいて、評価データとこれに対応する基準負荷データとを判断する。検出部225は、評価データとこれに対応する基準負荷データとを比較することにより工具の損傷の発生を検出する。
2 数値制御装置(工具損傷検出装置)
201 CPU
202 バス
203 ROM
204 RAM
205 不揮発性メモリ
206 第1のインタフェース
207 第2のインタフェース
208 軸制御回路
209 スピンドル制御回路
210 PLC
211 I/Oユニット
221 制御部
222 データ取得部
223 抽出部
224 記憶部
225 検出部
226 出力部
3 表示装置
4 入力装置
5 サーボアンプ
6 サーボモータ
7 スピンドルアンプ
71 電流計
8 スピンドルモータ
81 速度検出器
9 補助機器
Claims (9)
- 切削送り区間における主軸の負荷を示す負荷データと、前記主軸の回転速度を示す回転速度データとを取得するデータ取得部と、
前記回転速度データに基づいて、前記負荷データから工具の損傷発生の評価に用いられる評価データを抽出する抽出部と、
前記評価データを用いて前記工具の損傷の発生を検出する検出部と、
前記検出部によって前記工具の損傷が検出された場合、前記工具の損傷の発生を示すデータを出力する出力部と、
を備える工具損傷検出装置。 - 前記評価データは、前記切削送り区間のうち前記主軸が正転しており、かつ、前記主軸の回転速度が一定の区間の前記負荷データである請求項1に記載の工具損傷検出装置。
- 前記データ取得部は、さらに、切削点の座標値を示す座標値データを取得し、
前記抽出部は、前記座標値データ、または、前記回転速度データおよび前記座標値データに基づいて前記工具が行う加工の種類を判別し、判別した前記加工の種類に応じて、前記評価データを抽出する請求項1に記載の工具損傷検出装置。 - 前記抽出部が前記加工の種類をタップ加工であると判別した場合、前記切削送り区間のうち前記主軸が正転しており、かつ、前記主軸の回転速度が一定の区間の前記負荷データを前記評価データとして抽出する請求項3に記載の工具損傷検出装置。
- 前記データ取得部は、さらに、切削点の座標値を示す座標値データを取得し、
前記抽出部は、前記座標値データと前記回転速度データに基づいて、前記負荷データから前記工具の損傷発生の評価に用いられる前記評価データを抽出する請求項1に記載の工具損傷検出装置。 - 前記抽出部は、さらに、前記負荷データから前記工具の損傷を検出するための基準となる基準負荷データを抽出し、
前記検出部は、前記基準負荷データと前記評価データとに基づいて前記工具の損傷の発生を検出する請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の工具損傷検出装置。 - 前記検出部は、前記基準負荷データの最大値、最小値、および平均値のうちの少なくとも1つと、前記評価データの最大値、最小値、および平均値のうちの少なくとも1つに基づいて、前記工具の損傷の発生を検出する請求項6に記載の工具損傷検出装置。
- 前記検出部は、前記基準負荷データの最大値、最小値、および平均値のうちの少なくとも1つから、少なくとも1つのしきい値を算出し、算出した前記少なくとも1つのしきい値と前記評価データの最大値、最小値、および平均値のうちの少なくとも1つとを比較して前記工具の損傷の発生を検出する請求項7に記載の工具損傷検出装置。
- 切削送り区間における主軸の負荷を示す負荷データと、前記主軸の回転速度を示す回転速度データとを取得することと、
前記回転速度データに基づいて、前記負荷データから工具の損傷発生の評価に用いられる評価データを抽出することと、
前記評価データを用いて前記工具の損傷の発生を検出することと、
前記工具の損傷が検出された場合、前記工具の損傷の発生を示すデータを出力することと、
をコンピュータに実行させる命令を記憶する、コンピュータ読み取り可能な記憶媒体。
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US18/252,890 US20240024999A1 (en) | 2020-11-25 | 2021-11-22 | Tool damage detection device and computer-readable storage medium |
CN202180077628.XA CN116529013A (zh) | 2020-11-25 | 2021-11-22 | 工具损伤检测装置以及计算机可读取的存储介质 |
JP2022565340A JPWO2022113957A1 (ja) | 2020-11-25 | 2021-11-22 | |
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JPS60127957A (ja) * | 1983-12-16 | 1985-07-08 | Amada Co Ltd | 工具損傷検出方法及びそれに用いる装置 |
JP2770053B2 (ja) * | 1989-07-17 | 1998-06-25 | 遠州クロス株式会社 | 学習機能付刃具損傷検知装置 |
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