WO2022113099A1 - Système de séchage de déchets dangereux à l'aide d'énergie solaire - Google Patents

Système de séchage de déchets dangereux à l'aide d'énergie solaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022113099A1
WO2022113099A1 PCT/IN2021/051077 IN2021051077W WO2022113099A1 WO 2022113099 A1 WO2022113099 A1 WO 2022113099A1 IN 2021051077 W IN2021051077 W IN 2021051077W WO 2022113099 A1 WO2022113099 A1 WO 2022113099A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
enclosure
hazardous waste
disposed
operatively
fire
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IN2021/051077
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English (en)
Inventor
Girish R LUTHRA
Original Assignee
Luthra Girish R
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Luthra Girish R filed Critical Luthra Girish R
Publication of WO2022113099A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022113099A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/28—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
    • F26B9/06—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless

Definitions

  • TITLE A SYSTEM FOR DRYING HAZARDOUS WASTE USING SOLAR ENERGY
  • the present invention relates to processing of hazardous wastes, and in particular to drying hazardous wastes using solar energy in an efficient and effective manner.
  • the industrial waste may be hazardous.
  • the term hazardous herein may, but not necessarily, include waste substance(s) that may be harmful to any form of life including, but not limited to, humans, plants, and animals, or to the environment. Further, the term hazardous may include, but not necessarily, waste substance(s) which may be flammable, toxic, explosive, corrosive, have long or short-term health hazards (acute or chronic) to any form of life or environment.
  • the industrial waste may be in any form including gas, liquid, solid and any combinations thereof, which is herein after is referred to as hazardous waste(s).
  • the hazardous waste so obtained has to be disposed in a manner which is environmentally friendly, safe, and socially acceptable.
  • Each type of hazardous waste has to be treated and disposed in particular manner which eliminates or at least reduces the harmful effects of the hazardous wastes.
  • hazardous wastes may have calorific value (CV).
  • CV calorific value
  • hazardous wastes having calorific value of 2500 Kcal/kg or greater and/or loss of ignition of 20 % or greater are disposed through heat destruction method, wherein the combustible components are burnt down.
  • Such Hazardous Waste requiring disposal through combustion mode may be disposed by incineration. However, this may pose threat to environment or human.
  • waste may be employed as an alternate fuel.
  • the alternate fuel may be used in cement kilns, wherein the conventional fuel such as coal is substituted by the hazardous waste.
  • liquid, and semi-solid wastes are mixed with the solid type hazardous wastes to obtain a solid product which may be easily incinerated or substituted for coal or other solid fuels in cement manufacturing.
  • the step of pre-processing is performed to limit certain parameters like moisture content, chloride, sulphur etc., and to achieve certain desirable parameters like calorific value, particle size etc., in a particular desired range.
  • the step of pre processing of such hazardous waste may include drying and blending of the different types of hazardous wastes to achieve the desired parameters.
  • moisture is desired to have minimal moisture content. For example, while incinerating such hazardous waste with high moisture content, additional heat may be required to reduce or remove the moisture before incineration. Also, if such hazardous waste is substituted as a fuel in cement industry, the excess amount of moisture may lead to more hydrogen loss, which is not desired.
  • the process of removal of moisture content from such hazardous waste is achieved by drying the high moisture content hazardous waste.
  • the moisture removal may be achieved by one or more methods.
  • One method is to store such hazardous waste for a prolonged duration so that the moisture evaporates naturally.
  • this method inevitably requires provision of large storage space, which may not be feasible.
  • Another method is to force dry such hazardous waste using heat sources.
  • heat sources may lead to fire hazards, which is obviously not desired.
  • heating requires fuel, which may turn out to be more costly than the net energy generated from such hazardous waste.
  • Still another method is to employ solar energy for drying such hazardous waste.
  • the conventional method of solar drying such hazardous waste is plagued with the limitation that it requires large area for drying.
  • Another parameter, other than moisture content is the particle size of such hazardous waste, which also desired to be in a certain range.
  • Such hazardous waste during the step of drying, may release one or more volatile component in form of gases or fumes, which may lead to fire hazards, if the temperature raises beyond a critical limit.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an alternative, which overcomes at least one drawback encountered in the existing prior art
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a system for drying the hazardous waste
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide a system for drying the hazardous waste which is time, space, and energy efficient;
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a system for drying the hazardous waste, wherein dried hazardous waste has desired particle size and desired moisture content;
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a system for drying the hazardous waste, wherein the dried hazardous waste, after suitable pre-processing can be used as alternative fuel in cement industry.
  • the present invention relates to a system for effectively and efficiently rendering hazardous wastes dry.
  • the system includes an enclosure defined by an impermeable base, a plurality of walls extending operatively upward from a periphery of said base, a draining channel configured in and around said periphery of said base, a roof operatively disposed over and supported on said plurality of walls, said roof being transparent to sunlight and configured to permit transmission of sunlight therethrough into said enclosure,
  • the system further includes a charging mechanism which is operatively disposed and in material communication with said enclosure, said charging mechanism configured to charge said hazardous waste into said enclosure, a dispersing mechanism operatively disposed within said enclosure, said dispersing mechanism configured to disperse said hazardous waste on to said impermeable base thereby facilitating drying of said hazardous waste;
  • the system also includes a discharging mechanism operatively disposed in conjunction with said enclosure, said discharging mechanism configured to discharge a dried hazardous waste from within said enclosure;
  • An air exhaust mechanism is operatively coupled to and in fluid communication with said enclosure, said air exhaust mechanism configured to draw out volatile gases, and moisture emanating from said hazardous waste being dried, and air from within said enclosure;
  • the system may include a processor, and a memory coupled with said processor, said memory configured to store data, and executables relating to said system, and said processor configured to execute said executables upon receiving one or more commands, wherein said processor being operatively coupled with each of said charging mechanism, said dispersing mechanism, said discharging mechanism, said air exhaust mechanism, and said memory; and configured to control each of said charging mechanism, said dispersing mechanism, said discharging mechanism, said air exhaust mechanism, and said memory; and
  • the system may be powered by a power supply which is connected to and configured for supplying power to each of said charging mechanism, said dispersing mechanism, said discharging mechanism, said air exhaust mechanism, said processor, and said memory.
  • the system of the present invention also may include a safety system.
  • the safety system includes a high expansion foam generator disposed within said enclosure, said high expansion foam generator configured to generate foam on to said hazardous waste in case of fire, foam dispensers connected to and in fluid communication with said high expansion foam generator, said foam dispensers operatively disposed within said enclosure and configured to dispense foam from said high expansion foam generator, a fire-hydrant system comprising a water tank configured to store water therein, a fire-hydrant pump connected to and in fluid communication with said water tank, a fire-hydrant duct connected to and in fluid communication with said fire- hydrant pump, said fire -hydrant duct configured to receive water from said water tank which being pumped by said fire -hydrant pump, actuator valves disposed in line with said fire -hydrant duct, said water tank, and said fire -hydrant pump, said actuator valves configured to be actuated upon receiving signals from a fire-hydrant control panel.
  • the system of the present invention also may include a leachate treatment system.
  • the leachate treatment system includes an underground drainage collecting tank connected to and in fluid communication with said draining channel, said drainage collecting tank configured to receive leachate from said draining channel, man-holes configured on said underground drainage collecting tank, said man-holes facilitating access to said underground drainage collecting tank, a pump configured to transfer said leachate from said underground drainage collecting tank to a flash mixing chamber, a splash mixing chamber, chemical storing and charging tanks, chemical dosing pumps, tube settlers for facilitating settling of sludge, filter for separating solid waste from liquid, and storage tank for storing treated water.
  • FIG. 1A illustrates a schematic diagram of a system for drying hazardous waste in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. IB illustrates a schematic diagram of a multi-layered impermeable base in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 2A illustrates a schematic diagram of a dispersing mechanism and discharging mechanism in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 2B illustrates another view a schematic diagram of a dispersing mechanism and discharging mechanism in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 2C illustrates a schematic diagram of a dispersing mechanism in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 2D illustrates a schematic diagram of an impermeable base with hump in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 3A illustrates a schematic diagram of an air exhaust mechanism in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3B illustrates a schematic diagram of the air exhaust mechanism in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a schematic diagram of a safety system which forms part of the system for drying waste in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 5 A, 5B, and 5C illustrate a schematic diagram of a leachate treatment system in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a schematic block diagram of system for drying hazardous waste in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 1A illustrates a schematic diagram of a system for drying hazardous waste in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. IB illustrates a schematic diagram of a multi-layered impermeable base in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 2A illustrates a schematic diagram of a dispersing mechanism and discharging mechanism in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 2B illustrates another view a schematic diagram of a dispersing mechanism and discharging mechanism in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 2C illustrates a schematic diagram of a dispersing mechanism in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 2D illustrates a schematic diagram of an impermeable base with hump in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 1A illustrates a schematic diagram of a system for drying hazardous waste in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. IB illustrates a schematic diagram of a multi-layered impermeable base in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 2A illustrates a schematic diagram of a dispersing mechanism and dischar
  • FIG. 3A illustrates a schematic diagram of an air exhaust mechanism in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3B illustrates a schematic diagram of the air exhaust mechanism in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a schematic diagram of a safety system which forms part of the system for drying waste in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 5A, 5B, and 5C illustrates a schematic diagram of a leachate treatment system in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a schematic block diagram of system for drying hazardous waste in accordance with the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a system (100) which overcomes one or more drawbacks encountered in the conventional systems. More specifically, the present invention relates to a system for drying hazardous wastes in an efficient and effective manner.
  • a system (100) comprising an enclosure (200), a charging mechanism (300) operatively disposed and in material communication with the enclosure (200), a dispersing mechanism (400) operatively disposed within the enclosure (200), a discharging mechanism (500) operatively disposed in conjunction with the enclosure (200), an air exhaust mechanism (600) operatively coupled to and in fluid communication with the enclosure (200), a processor (700), a memory (800), a power supply (900), and a safety system (1000).
  • the enclosure (200) comprising an impermeable base (202), a plurality of walls (204) extending operatively upward from a periphery (202p) of the base (202), a draining channel (206) configured in and around the periphery (202p) of the base (202), and a roof (208) operatively disposed over and supported on the plurality of walls (204), the roof (208) being transparent to sunlight and configured to permit transmission of sunlight therethrough into the enclosure (200).
  • the impermeable base (202) is having a hump-back bridge shape or profile.
  • the hump-back bridge shape or profile facilitates easy running of fluids emanating from the hazardous waste disposed on the impermeable base (202).
  • the fluids may include liquids, semi-liquids, slurries, and the like.
  • the impermeable base (202) may be a multi-layered structure.
  • the impermeable base (202) comprise a first top layer (202a) made of cement concrete, a second layer (202b) disposed operatively below and in contact with the first top layer (202a), the second layer (202b) made of macadam, a third layer (202c) disposed operatively below and in contact with the second layer (202b), the third layer (202c) made of a geosynthetic material, and a fourth layer (202d) disposed operatively below and in contact with the third layer (202c), and the fourth layer (202d) made of compact yellow soil.
  • the structure of the impermeable base (202) is so devised to prevent any seepage of the hazardous fluids or any other fluids into the ground which may pose threat to the ground or earth and water therein.
  • the plurality of walls (204) can be impermeable and made of concrete. Any other material which may be impermeable can also be used.
  • the permeability is with respect to the fluids that are present or emanate during the process of drying.
  • the draining channel (206) is configured to receive and convey the fluid which leaches out from the hazardous waste.
  • the roof (208) is made of a material that allows transmission of short wavelength sunrays and reflects long wavelength sunrays.
  • the roof (208) may include a number of sheets.
  • the sheets can be made of a material selected from the groups consisting of polyacrylic, polycarbonate, tempered glass, ultra-violet polyethylene, and any combinations thereof.
  • the roof (208) may be titled at an angle with respect to a horizontal axis, which facilitates in sliding of water falling thereover. Additionally, the roof (208) is further coupled with a draining channel (208a). The draining channel (208a) is configured to receive water from over the roof (208) and channel the collected water into storage.
  • the charging mechanism (300) is operatively disposed and in material communication with the enclosure (200).
  • the charging mechanism (300) is configured to charge the hazardous waste into the enclosure (200).
  • the charging mechanism (300) comprises a hopper (302) connected to and in fluid communication with the enclosure (200).
  • the hopper (302) is configured to charge hazardous waste into the enclosure (200).
  • the dispersing mechanism (400) is operatively disposed within the enclosure (200).
  • the dispersing mechanism (400) is configured to disperse the hazardous waste on to the impermeable base (202) thereby facilitating drying of the hazardous waste.
  • the dispersing mechanism (400) comprises a first chain sprocket (402a) rotatably disposed with the enclosure (200), a second chain sprocket (402b) rotatably disposed with the enclosure (200) and spaced apart from the first chain sprocket (402a), an endless chain (404) operatively disposed over each of the first chain sprocket (402a), and the second chain sprocket (402b), spikes (406) extending in an operative upward direction from an upper surface of the endless chain (404), and a chain sprocket drive motor (408) operatively coupled with one of the first chain sprocket (402a), and the second chain sprocket (402b), the chain sprocket drive motor (408) operated by a variable frequency drive, wherein the dispersing mechanism (400) being connected to and in fluid communication with the hopper (302) through an inlet configured on one of the plurality of walls (204),
  • the dispersing mechanism (400) further includes an electric overhead traveling crane (410) operatively disposed within the enclosure (200), a row tiller (412) operatively connected with the electric overhead traveling crane (410), the row tiller (412) configured to disperse, spread, and move the hazardous waste in rows, and a row tiller drive mechanism (414) coupled with the row tiller (412), and configured to drive the row tiller drive mechanism (414).
  • an electric overhead traveling crane (410) operatively disposed within the enclosure (200)
  • a row tiller (412) operatively connected with the electric overhead traveling crane (410), the row tiller (412) configured to disperse, spread, and move the hazardous waste in rows
  • a row tiller drive mechanism (414) coupled with the row tiller (412), and configured to drive the row tiller drive mechanism (414).
  • the discharging mechanism (500) is operatively disposed in conjunction with the enclosure (200).
  • the discharging mechanism (500) is configured to discharge a dried hazardous waste from within the enclosure (200).
  • the discharging mechanism (500) comprises a hazardous waste conveyor (502) configured to convey dried hazardous waste from within the enclosure (200), a storage pit (504) configured to receive the dried hazardous waste from the hazardous waste conveyor (502), a bucket elevator (506) having an operative first end (506a) thereof operatively disposed in vicinity of the storage pit (504), the bucket elevator (506) configured to receive and convey the dried hazardous waste from the storage pit (504), an intermediate transfer trough (508) being disposed in vicinity of an operative second end (506b) of the bucket elevator (506), the intermediate transfer trough (508) being configured to receive the dried hazardous waste over from the operative second end (506b) of the bucket elevator (506), a screw conveyor (510) having an operative first end (510a) thereof disposed in vicinity of the intermediate transfer trough (508), the screw conveyor (510) configured to receive the dried hazardous waste from the intermediate transfer trough (508), and a storage silo (512) configured to receive the dried hazardous waste received from
  • the air exhaust mechanism (600) is operatively coupled to and in fluid communication with the enclosure (200).
  • the air exhaust mechanism (600) is configured to draw out volatile gases, and moisture emanating from the hazardous waste being dried, and air from within the enclosure (200).
  • the air exhaust mechanism (600) comprises an induced draft fan (602) for drawing out humid contaminated air from within the enclosure (200), a low revolution per minute fan (604) for drawing out humid air from within the enclosure (200), an air extracting duct (606) connected to and in fluid communication with the enclosure (200) via the inducted draft fan (602), the air extracting duct (606) configured to receive the humid contaminated air from within the enclosure (200) and exhaust the same to atmosphere, a chimney (608) connected to and in fluid communication with the enclosure (200) via the low revolution per minute fan (604) and via an activated carbon filter to exhaust the humid air to atmosphere therethrough, and a monitoring platform (610) configured on the chimney (608).
  • a monitoring platform (610) configured on the chimney (608).
  • the system (100) further includes a processor (700), and a memory (800) coupled with the processor (700).
  • the memory (800) is configured to store data, and executables relating to the system, and the processor (700) configured to execute the executables upon receiving one or more commands.
  • the processor (700) is operatively coupled with each of the charging mechanism (300), the dispersing mechanism (400), the discharging mechanism (500), the air exhaust mechanism (600), and the memory (800), and is configured to control each of the charging mechanism (300), the dispersing mechanism (400), the discharging mechanism (500), the air exhaust mechanism (600), and the memory (800).
  • the system (100) is powered by the power supply (900), which is connected to and is configured for supplying power to each of the charging mechanism (300), the dispersing mechanism (400), the discharging mechanism (500), the air exhaust mechanism (600), the processor (700), and the memory (800).
  • the system (100) further includes a safety system (1000).
  • the safety system (1000) comprises a high expansion foam generator (1002a) disposed within the enclosure (200), the high expansion foam generator (1002a) configured to generate foam on to the hazardous waste in case of fire, foam dispensers (1002b) connected to and in fluid communication with the high expansion foam generator (1002a), the foam dispensers (1002b) operatively disposed within the enclosure (200) and configured to dispense foam from the high expansion foam generator (1002a);
  • safety system (1000) further comprises a fire -hydrant system (1004).
  • the fire-hydrant system (1004) includes a water tank (1004a) configured to store water therein, a fire -hydrant pump (1004b) connected to and in fluid communication with the water tank (1004a), a fire- hydrant duct (1004c) connected to and in fluid communication with the fire -hydrant pump (1004b), the fire -hydrant duct configured to receive water from the water tank (1004a) which being pumped by the fire -hydrant pump (1004b), actuator valves (1004d) disposed in line with the fire -hydrant duct (1004c), the water tank (1004a), and the fire -hydrant pump (1004b), the actuator valves (1004d) configured to be actuated upon receiving signals from a fire -hydrant control panel(1004e).
  • the system (100) includes the leachate treatment system (1100).
  • the leachate treatment system includes an underground drainage collecting tank (1102) connected to and in fluid communication with the draining channel (206), the drainage collecting tank (1102) configured to receive leachate from the draining channel (206), man-holes (1104) configured on the underground drainage collecting tank (1102), the man-holes (1104) facilitating access to the underground drainage collecting tank (1102), a pump (1106) configured to transfer the leachate from the underground drainage collecting tank (1102) to a flash mixing chamber (1108), a splash mixing chamber (1108), chemical storing and charging tanks (1110), chemical dosing pumps (1112), tube settlers (1114) for facilitating settling of sludge, filter (1116) for separating solid waste from liquid, and storage tank (1118) for storing treated water.
  • the presently disclosed invention as described herein above, provides several technical advances and advantages.
  • the system (100) for drying the hazardous waste is

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système de séchage de déchets dangereux à l'aide d'énergie solaire, lequel système fournit un système (100) pour sécher des déchets dangereux d'une manière efficace et effective. Le système (100) comprend une enceinte (200), un mécanisme de charge (300) disposé de manière fonctionnelle et en communication matérielle avec l'enceinte (200), un mécanisme de dispersion (400) disposé de manière fonctionnelle à l'intérieur de l'enceinte (200), un mécanisme de décharge (500) disposé de manière fonctionnelle conjointement avec l'enceinte (200), un mécanisme d'évacuation d'air (600) couplé de manière fonctionnelle et en communication fluidique avec l'enceinte (200), un processeur (700), une mémoire (800), une alimentation électrique (900), et un système de sécurité (1000). Le système de la présente invention est efficace en termes d'énergie, d'espace et de temps, et donc économique. En outre, le système est simple, facile à exploiter, à utiliser et à entretenir.
PCT/IN2021/051077 2020-11-26 2021-11-17 Système de séchage de déchets dangereux à l'aide d'énergie solaire WO2022113099A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IN202021051491 2020-11-26
IN202021051491 2020-11-26

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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019055761A1 (fr) * 2017-09-15 2019-03-21 Heat2Hydro, Inc. Système chauffé par énergie solaire et procédé de séchage de boues

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019055761A1 (fr) * 2017-09-15 2019-03-21 Heat2Hydro, Inc. Système chauffé par énergie solaire et procédé de séchage de boues

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
ARASYA ATIKSU ÇÖZÜMLERI: "Eskişehir OSB Solar Çamur Kurutma-ARASYA / HUBER", YOUTUBE, 6 July 2015 (2015-07-06), XP055942725, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tnODEwg75mc> *
MWH, NOW PART OF STANTEC: "MWH Global Produces New Zealand's First Municipal Solar Sludge Drying Facility", YOUTUBE, 4 June 2014 (2014-06-04), XP055942727, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=31KtOLD91bc> *

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