WO2022110895A1 - 定子、电机、动力总成及电动车 - Google Patents

定子、电机、动力总成及电动车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022110895A1
WO2022110895A1 PCT/CN2021/111356 CN2021111356W WO2022110895A1 WO 2022110895 A1 WO2022110895 A1 WO 2022110895A1 CN 2021111356 W CN2021111356 W CN 2021111356W WO 2022110895 A1 WO2022110895 A1 WO 2022110895A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
flow
stator
flow channel
channel
coil
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/111356
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘红兵
徐海淞
王健刚
杨少波
额尔和木·巴亚尔
陈君
Original Assignee
华为数字能源技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为数字能源技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为数字能源技术有限公司
Priority to EP21896401.3A priority Critical patent/EP4239855A4/en
Publication of WO2022110895A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022110895A1/zh
Priority to US18/321,098 priority patent/US20230327504A1/en

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/20Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/16Stator cores with slots for windings
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00Details of windings
    • H02K3/32Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation
    • H02K3/34Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation between conductors or between conductor and core, e.g. slot insulation
    • H02K3/345Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation between conductors or between conductor and core, e.g. slot insulation between conductor and core, e.g. slot insulation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/10Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with arrangements for protection from ingress, e.g. water or fingers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/15Mounting arrangements for bearing-shields or end plates
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/20Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H02K5/203Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium specially adapted for liquids, e.g. cooling jackets
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/19Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64Electric machine technologies in electromobility

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of electric vehicles, and in particular, to a stator, a motor, a powertrain, and an electric vehicle.
  • the motor includes a stator, and a corresponding heat dissipation design is usually required for the stator.
  • the heat dissipation design of the stator of the existing motor is expensive and has low reliability.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a stator, a motor, a powertrain, and an electric vehicle, which can reduce the processing cost on the basis of ensuring the heat dissipation reliability of the stator of the motor.
  • the present application provides a stator including a stator core and a seal;
  • the stator core includes a yoke portion and a plurality of tooth portions, the tooth root of the tooth portion is connected to the yoke portion, the tooth tip of the tooth portion is far away from the yoke portion, and the one between the adjacent two tooth portions is connected to the yoke portion. Slots are formed between;
  • the slot includes a coil slot and a through-flow slot communicated with each other, the coil slot extends from the tooth top to the tooth root, the coil slot is used for accommodating the stator coil, and the through-flow slot extends from the tooth a root extending to the yoke;
  • the seal is connected to the inner wall of the slot, and together with the inner wall of the through-flow slot, forms a through-flow channel for the cooling liquid to flow therethrough.
  • the coil slot can accommodate the stator.
  • the coil and the through-flow groove can supply the coolant to flow through, and the two are independent of each other and do not interfere with each other. That is, the slot can be provided with two independent functional spaces for accommodating the stator coil and for the cooling liquid to flow.
  • this arrangement can increase the flow resistance of the cooling liquid due to the narrow flow channel, and the fluidity of the cooling liquid is challenged, and it is difficult for the stator coil to dissipate heat normally.
  • the possibility is reduced to a minimum, which is beneficial to ensure that the cooling liquid has enough flow space, reduce the unbalanced amount generated when the cooling liquid flows, and improve the heat dissipation performance of the stator core.
  • the shape of the stator coil passing through the coil slot can be made by a relatively simple process, which can greatly reduce the overall heat dissipation reliability on the basis of ensuring the heat dissipation reliability of the stator. Processing costs and material management costs are conducive to improving production efficiency.
  • the inner wall of the through-flow groove and the seal can cooperate to form a through-flow channel for the cooling liquid to flow through, so that when the cooling liquid flows in the through-flow channel, on the one hand, the direct contact with the stator core can be sufficient.
  • the coolant can be brought close to the stator coil to the greatest extent, so as to ensure good heat dissipation in the area of the stator coil that should be dissipated.
  • the stator coil can be fully cooled to ensure the heat dissipation performance of the stator coil and the reliability is strong.
  • the through-flow channel is located in the yoke as a whole and is close to the tooth root of the tooth.
  • This structure is provided with a flow channel between two adjacent coil slots for the cooling liquid to flow through (that is, in the case where the coil slot is not provided)
  • the existing scheme of opening the flow channel in the tooth part can minimize the influence on the electromagnetic performance of the motor, so that the motor can operate normally under various working conditions, which is conducive to the development trend of the high-speed motor.
  • the stator further includes a stator coil, the stator coil includes a core portion, and the core portion passes through the coil slot;
  • the sealing member is located between the core portion and the coil slot, and the sealing member covers the inner wall of the coil slot.
  • the seal is not only connected to the inner wall of the slot, but also covers the inner wall of the coil slot, so that the inner wall of the coil slot is covered by the seal, that is, the seal closely fits the inner wall of the coil slot and is not easy to fall off. And it is convenient for production management.
  • the stator core and the stator coil can be effectively prevented from rubbing against each other, that is, the edge of the stator core or the sharply protruding place wears the core portion and causes a short circuit. buffering effect.
  • the sealing element since the sealing element also needs to cooperate with the inner wall of the through-flow groove to form a through-flow channel. Therefore, in order to ensure that the integrity of the seal is not damaged, the seal does not need to be perforated and drained like the existing solution.
  • the low process complexity can effectively reduce the material, processing, production and management costs caused by additional work on the seal.
  • there is no need to pass flow in the coil slot which can effectively reduce the process difficulty and cost increase in order to ensure the tightness of the coil slot and the insulation of the cooling liquid, and has strong practicability and a wide range of applications.
  • the current in the coil slot in the prior art may be in the coil slot along two sides or one side of the stator coil, but it should be understood that the manner of the current in the coil slot in the prior art is not limited to this.
  • stator coil can be made by a relatively simple round wire process.
  • arrangement of the sealing member in the embodiment of the present application can also be adapted to the flat wire process, and is not limited thereto.
  • the sealing member is insulating paper.
  • the sealing member has insulating properties, so that it can not only cooperate with the inner wall of the through-flow groove to form a through-flow channel, but at the same time, the sealing member can also form good insulation between the stator coil and the stator iron core, so that the stator coil and the stator core can be formed with good insulation.
  • the stator cores are insulated from each other. That is, the seal can have the dual functions of sealing and insulation, thereby diversifying the use performance of the seal and having strong flexibility.
  • the seal since the seal is in direct contact with the stator coil, when the coolant flows in the through-flow channel, the heat of the stator coil can be transferred to the coolant through the seal, and the heat dissipation path of the stator coil is short and the link thermal resistance is reduced. Small, which is beneficial to the heat dissipation of the stator coil under the condition of high torque. And because the coolant also directly contacts the stator core, the coolant can take into account the cooling of the stator core and the stator coil, which significantly improves the heat dissipation capacity of the stator core and the stator coil.
  • the stator coil further includes an end winding connected to the core, the end winding is located outside the stator core, and the outlet of the through-flow channel faces the end windings.
  • the end winding includes the first end winding and the second end winding, there are two outlets of the flow passage.
  • the outlet of one through-flow channel is opened at one end of the stator iron core, and the outlet of the other through-flow channel is opened at the other end of the stator iron core.
  • the coolant when the coolant flows in the through-flow channel, it is possible to dissipate heat from the core portion of the stator coil.
  • the coolant flows out through the through-flow channel, part of it can flow out from one end of the stator core to dissipate heat to the first end winding, and the other part can flow out from the other end of the stator core to radiate heat to the second end winding.
  • the heat dissipation achieves the purpose of balanced heat dissipation at both ends of the stator winding in the motor, so that the heat dissipation of the motor is better.
  • the coolant can not only cool the core, but also the end windings.
  • the cooling liquid can take into account the cooling of the core and end windings, so that the overall thermal resistance of the stator coil is reduced, the heat dissipation is uniform, and the reliability is strong, which is beneficial to improve the heat dissipation capacity of the motor and reduce the temperature rise of the motor.
  • the through-flow slot includes a main body part and at least one branch part, the main body part communicates with the coil slot, and at least one of the branch parts is distributed on the circumference of the main body part at intervals, and communicate with the main body part.
  • the cooling liquid can flow not only in the main body portion but also in the branch portion.
  • the increase of the branch portion is equivalent to increasing the groove wall area of the through-flow groove. In other words, it is equivalent to increasing the contact area between the coolant and the stator core, thereby further enhancing the heat dissipation and cooling performance of the stator.
  • the through-flow grooves have a symmetrical structure.
  • the processing of the through-flow groove can be simplified and the cost of materials and production management can be saved.
  • the yoke is further provided with a flow guide channel extending in the radial direction;
  • the inlet of the guide flow channel is opened on the outer surface of the yoke, and is used to guide the cooling liquid in the liquid inlet flow channel of the peripheral structural member of the stator iron core to the stator iron core.
  • the outlet of the flow channel communicates with at least part of the inlet of the through-flow channel.
  • the peripheral structural components of the stator iron core are located on the periphery of the stator iron core as a whole and are disposed close to the stator iron core, and can be directly or indirectly connected with the stator iron core.
  • the liquid inlet channel is provided on the peripheral structural member of the stator core, and the guide flow channel is connected between the liquid inlet channel and the through-flow channel, so that the cooling liquid can be drained through the liquid inlet channel.
  • the cooling liquid is guided to the guide flow channel of the stator core, and the cooling liquid is guided to the through-flow channel through the guiding function of the guide channel, so that the cooling liquid flows in the through-flow channel and takes into account the stator core and the stator coil. heat dissipation, high heat dissipation efficiency.
  • the peripheral structure of the stator iron core may be a motor housing, but it should be understood that it is not limited thereto.
  • the flow-guiding channels extend in the radial direction.
  • the cooling liquid can be guided into the through-flow channel with the shortest distance.
  • the heat transfer path of the coolant is short and the flow resistance is small, which can avoid a large temperature difference locally in the stator core to the greatest extent possible.
  • the outlet of the flow-guiding channel communicates with the inlet portion of the through-flow channel.
  • the cooling liquid flowing into the flow guide flow channel can have fluidity and smoothly flow into the flow flow flow channel, and since the outlet of the flow guide flow channel and the inlet of the flow flow channel do not need to be completely communicated, the processing and manufacture of the stator core is facilitated. The process is simpler.
  • the outlet of the guide flow channel is in complete communication with the inlet of the throughflow channel.
  • the flow rate and flow velocity of the cooling liquid can be controlled by changing the degree of communication between the outlet of the diversion flow channel and the inlet of the through flow channel, so as to ensure the reliability and uniformity of the flow of the cooling liquid in the through flow channel sex.
  • the yoke is further provided with a split flow channel extending in the axial direction, the split flow channel is away from the tooth portion relative to the through-flow channel, and the inlet of the split flow channel is communicated with the diversion flow channel, and the outlet of the split flow channel is opened on the end face of the yoke;
  • One end of the split flow channel in the radial direction is open, and the other end of the split flow channel in the radial direction is closed; or,
  • Both ends of the branch flow channel in the radial direction are closed.
  • the split flow channel By providing the split flow channel, when the coolant flows into the split flow channel, heat can be directly radiated to the stator core. Compared with only the through flow channel, which is responsible for the heat dissipation of the stator core and the stator coil, the additional split flow channel is provided to make the stator core.
  • a double-layer flow channel is formed inside the iron core, which can share the heat dissipation load of the flow channel, so that the heat dissipation load of the flow channel is reduced, which is beneficial to further improve the cooling performance of the stator core, thereby further ensuring the heat dissipation efficiency of the stator core. Thermal reliability.
  • the shape of the shunt runner can be selected according to the actual situation of the stator core, as long as the shunt runner is arranged at the edge of the yoke or close to the edge of the yoke. It should be understood that the overall strength of the stator iron core and the heat distribution of the stator iron core need to be considered in the specific position of the shunt runner.
  • the stator core includes a middle portion and a first side portion and a second side portion respectively connected to both ends of the middle portion, and both the yoke portion and the tooth portion extend from the first side.
  • the part extends to the middle part and the second side part in sequence, and the guide flow channel is located in the middle part.
  • the guide runner is located in the middle of the axial length of the stator core.
  • oil can be fed from the middle of the stator core.
  • the motor when running at a high-speed rated condition, it can quickly heat exchange and cool down the middle position of the stator core, which is prone to the highest temperature, and minimize the possibility of failure of the stator core due to overheating.
  • the iron core will not be damaged due to local over-temperature, and the reliability is strong.
  • the through-flow channel includes a first through-flow channel and a second through-flow channel, and the first through-flow channel and the second through-flow channel are located in the The first side part and the second side part, and the first through-flow channel and the second through-flow channel are symmetrically arranged, and the first through-flow channel and the second through-flow channel are arranged symmetrically. Both communicate with the flow guide channel and the outer space of the stator.
  • the specific structure of the through-flow channel can fully adapt to the liquid inlet method in the middle of the cooling liquid, so that when the cooling liquid enters the guide-flow channel from the middle of the stator core, the cooling liquid can be dissipated by the diversion effect of the guide-flow channel. It flows to both ends of the stator iron core in the axial direction, so that the cooling liquid can quickly dissipate heat to the two ends of the stator iron core, so that the temperature of the two ends of the stator iron core can be more uniform and not too different. That is, the temperature of the first side portion and the second side portion can be ensured to be uniform.
  • the split flow channel includes a first split flow channel and a second split flow channel, and the first split flow channel and the second split flow channel are located on the first side portion and the second split flow channel, respectively.
  • the second side part, and the first split flow channel and the second split flow channel are symmetrically arranged, and both the first split flow channel and the second split flow channel communicate with the guide flow channel and the second split flow channel. the outer space of the stator.
  • the specific structure of the flow diversion channel can fully adapt to the liquid inlet method in the middle of the cooling liquid, so that when the cooling liquid enters the flow guiding flow channel from the middle part of the stator core, the flow diversion effect of the guiding flow channel can make the cooling liquid flow along the flow direction.
  • the axial direction flows to both ends of the stator iron core, so that the cooling liquid can quickly dissipate heat to the two ends of the stator iron core, so that the temperature of the two ends of the stator iron core can be more uniform and not too different. That is, the temperature of the first side portion and the second side portion can be ensured to be uniform.
  • the diversion channel includes a first diversion channel, two second diversion channels and two third diversion channels, the first diversion channel and the The liquid inlet channels of the peripheral structural parts of the stator iron core are communicated;
  • the two second diversion channels are respectively located on both sides of the inlet of the first diversion channel, and one of the second diversion channels communicates with the first diversion channel and the first split flow channel, and the other second diversion channel communicates with the first diversion channel and the second split channel;
  • the two third diversion channels are respectively located on both sides of the outlet of the first diversion channel, and one of the third diversion channels communicates with the first diversion channel and the first through-flow channel.
  • a flow channel, and the other third flow guide flow channel communicates with the first flow guide flow channel and the second through flow flow channel.
  • the cooling liquid when the cooling liquid flows into the first guide flow channel, it can partially enter the second guide flow channel and partially enter the third guide flow channel through the drainage effect of the first guide flow channel.
  • the cooling liquid entering the second diversion flow channel may flow out from the outlet of the first sub-flow channel or the second sub-flow channel, and the cooling liquid entering the third diversion channel may flow from the first through-flow channel or the second channel The outlet of the flow channel flows out.
  • the contact area between the cooling liquid and the stator iron core can be further increased, so that the cooling liquid can be in contact with the stator iron core as much as possible in a limited space , fully ensure the heat dissipation area of the stator iron core, which is beneficial to improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the stator iron core.
  • the number of the through-flow channels is multiple, the plurality of through-flow channels are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the number of the guide-flow channels is also multiple.
  • the diversion channels are spaced apart along the circumferential direction;
  • each of the first through-flow channels is communicated with the outlet of one of the guide channels, the outlet of each of the first through-flow channels is opened on the end face of the first side portion, and each The inlet of one of the second through-flow channels is communicated with the outlet of one of the guide channels, and the outlet of each of the second through-flow channels is opened on the end face of the second side portion; or,
  • each of the first through-flow channels is communicated with the outlets of the two adjacent diversion channels, and the outlets of each of the first through-flow channels are opened on the first side portion
  • the end face of each of the second through-flow channels is communicated with the outlets of the two adjacent diversion channels, and the outlets of each of the second through-flow channels are opened in the second through-flow channel. The end faces of the two sides.
  • the plurality of through-flow channels are distributed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, that is, the plurality of through-flow channels are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction.
  • the arrangement of multiple through-flow channels evenly distributed in the circumferential direction can make the temperature of the entire stator core more uniform, and on the other hand, on the basis of fully adapting to the fluidity of the coolant, it can reduce the occurrence of the coolant flow. Therefore, the flow resistance of the cooling liquid will increase due to the unbalanced amount, the fluidity of the cooling liquid will be challenged, and the possibility of the stator being difficult to work normally will be minimized, effectively ensuring the performance of the stator.
  • the plurality of diversion channels can be in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of through-flow channels, and the one-to-one configuration of the corresponding communication can ensure that each through-flow channel will have cooling liquid flowing through, so that cooling The liquid can be evenly distributed in each position of the stator core along the circumferential direction.
  • the corresponding relationship between the plurality of diversion channels and the plurality of through-flow channels is that one diversion channel corresponds to two adjacent through-flow channels. Specifically, when the cooling liquid enters one of the diversion channels, a part will enter one of the two adjacent through-flow channels corresponding to this diversion channel, and the other part will enter this diversion channel The other one of the two adjacent through-flow channels corresponding to the channel is the through-flow channel.
  • the cooling liquid in each through-flow channel can come from two adjacent guide-flow channels.
  • the cooling liquid phases of two adjacent flow guide channels can be made complementary to each other. It is guaranteed that even if the flow rate of the coolant flowing into the through-flow channel of one of the diversion channels is small, due to the existence of the other diversion channel, there will be enough coolant to flow through each through-flow channel, and the reliability Strong, can achieve the purpose of effective heat dissipation.
  • the number of the split flow channels is also multiple, and the multiple split flow channels are distributed along the circumferential direction at intervals, and are located at the periphery of the plurality of through-flow channels;
  • Each of the first split flow channels is located on the first side portion, an inlet of each of the first split flow channels is communicated with one of the diversion flow channels, and an inlet of each of the first split flow channels The outlets are all opened on the end face of the first side part;
  • Each of the second split flow channels is located on the second side portion, an inlet of each of the second split flow channels is communicated with one of the guide flow channels, and an inlet of each of the second split flow channels The outlets are all opened on the end face of the second side portion.
  • the plurality of split flow channels are distributed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, that is, the plurality of split flow channels are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction.
  • the arrangement of a plurality of shunt runners evenly distributed in the circumferential direction can make the temperature of the entire stator core more uniform, and on the other hand, on the basis of fully adapting to the fluidity of the cooling liquid, it can reduce the occurrence of the cooling liquid flow.
  • the unbalanced amount will increase the coolant flow resistance due to the unbalanced amount, the fluidity of the coolant will be challenged, and the possibility of the stator being difficult to work normally will be minimized, effectively ensuring the performance of the stator.
  • the stator core includes a plurality of first punching pieces and a plurality of second punching pieces, and a plurality of the first punching pieces are stacked to form the first side portion and the second side part, a plurality of the second punching sheets are stacked to form the middle part;
  • All the first punching pieces that form the first side portion, all the second punching pieces that form the middle portion, and all the first punching pieces that form the second side portion are sequentially connected to form the stator core.
  • the slot structures at the same position of each punching piece can form a set positional relationship, for example, all the slot structures at the same position of each punching piece are completely overlapped to form the guide flow channel, the branch flow channel and the through flow channel of the stator core.
  • this stacked assembly design can reduce the eddy current loss of the stator core, has strong practicability, and has a wide range of applications.
  • each of the first punches is provided with a plurality of first coil slots, and the plurality of first coil slots on the same first punch are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction ;
  • Each of the second punches is provided with a plurality of second coil slots, and the plurality of second coil slots on the same second punch are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction;
  • the first coil slots of all the first punches and the second coil slots of all the second punches communicate and cooperate to form a plurality of the coil slots spaced along the circumferential direction, each Each of the coil slots extends sequentially from the first side portion to the middle portion and the second side portion.
  • each of the second punching pieces is further provided with a plurality of first diversion grooves, and the plurality of first diversion grooves on the same second punching piece are along the circumferential direction. are arranged at intervals, and are located on the periphery of a plurality of the second coil slots on the same second punching sheet;
  • the first flow guide grooves of all the second punching pieces communicate and cooperate to form a plurality of the flow guide flow passages distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction.
  • the plurality of flow guide channels are distributed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, that is, the plurality of flow guide channels are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction.
  • the arrangement of a plurality of guide flow passages evenly distributed in the circumferential direction can make the temperature of the entire stator core more uniform, and on the other hand, it can fully adapt to the fluidity of the coolant and reduce the occurrence of the coolant flow. Therefore, the flow resistance of the cooling liquid will increase due to the unbalanced amount, the fluidity of the cooling liquid will be challenged, and the possibility of the stator being difficult to work normally will be minimized, effectively ensuring the performance of the stator.
  • the center line of each of the second coil slots on the same second punch piece along the radial direction is the same as that of one of the first conductors on the same second punch piece.
  • the centerlines of the runners along the radial direction are collinear.
  • the centerlines of all the second coil slots on the same second punch piece along the radial direction are along the radial direction with all the first guide slots on the same second punch piece
  • the centerlines are staggered.
  • one through-flow channel can be formed corresponding to the channel arrangement of two adjacent flow-direction channels.
  • the cooling liquid phases of two adjacent flow guide channels can be made complementary to each other. It is guaranteed that even if the flow rate of the coolant flowing into the through-flow channel of one of the diversion channels is small, due to the existence of the other diversion channel, there will be enough coolant to flow through each through-flow channel, and the reliability Strong, can achieve the purpose of effective heat dissipation.
  • the stator core includes a plurality of first punching pieces, a plurality of second punching pieces and a plurality of third punching pieces;
  • a plurality of the first punching sheets are stacked to form the first side portion and the second side portion, a plurality of the second punching sheets are stacked and arranged, and a plurality of the third punching sheets are stacked and arranged on a plurality of the The two sides of the second punching piece are matched with a plurality of the second punching piece to form the middle part;
  • All the first punches that form the first side portion, all the second punches and all the third punches that form the middle portion, and all the first punches that form the second side portion are connected in sequence to form the final punch. Describe the stator core.
  • the slot structures at the same position of each punching piece can form a set positional relationship. For example, all the slot structures at the same position of each punching piece are completely overlapped to form the guide flow channel, the shunt flow channel and the channel of the stator core. flow channel.
  • this stacked assembly design can reduce the eddy current loss of the stator core, has strong practicability, and has a wide range of applications.
  • each of the first punches is provided with a plurality of first coil slots, and the plurality of first coil slots on the same first punch are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction ;
  • Each of the second punches is provided with a plurality of second coil slots, and the plurality of second coil slots on the same second punch are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction;
  • Each of the third punches is provided with a plurality of third coil slots, and the plurality of third coil slots on the same third punch are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction;
  • the first coil slots of all the first punches, the second coil slots of all the second punches, and the third coil slots of all the third punches communicate and cooperate to form a plurality of Each of the coil slots spaced along the circumferential direction extends from the first side portion to the middle portion and the second side portion in sequence.
  • each of the second punching pieces is further provided with a plurality of first diversion grooves, and the plurality of first diversion grooves on the same second punching piece are along the circumferential direction. are arranged at intervals, and are located on the periphery of a plurality of the second coil slots on the same second punching sheet;
  • Each of the third punching pieces is also provided with a plurality of second diversion grooves and a plurality of third diversion grooves, and the plurality of second diversion grooves on the same third punching piece are along the circumferential direction are arranged at intervals, and are located at the periphery of a plurality of the third coil slots on the same third punching piece, and the plurality of the third diversion grooves on the same third punching piece are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, and is located between a plurality of the third coil slots and a plurality of the second diversion slots of the same third punching sheet;
  • the first guide grooves of all the second punching pieces communicate and cooperate to form a plurality of the first guide flow channels spaced along the circumferential direction;
  • the second guide grooves of all the third punching pieces communicate and cooperate to form a plurality of the second guide flow channels spaced along the circumferential direction;
  • the third guide grooves of all the third punching pieces communicate with each other to form a plurality of the third guide flow channels spaced along the circumferential direction.
  • the through-flow groove includes a first through-flow groove located on the first side portion and a second through-flow groove located on the second side portion;
  • Each of the first punches is also provided with a plurality of sub-flow grooves, and the plurality of sub-flow grooves on the same first punch are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, and are located in the same first punch.
  • the plurality of first coil slots on the punching piece are connected in one-to-one correspondence;
  • the sub-flow grooves of all the first punching pieces forming the first side part communicate with each other to form a plurality of the first through-flow grooves that are distributed along the circumferential direction and extend along the axial direction. groove;
  • the sub-flow grooves of all the first punching pieces forming the second side part communicate and cooperate to form a plurality of the second through-flows that are distributed along the circumferential direction and extend along the axial direction. groove.
  • each of the first punching pieces is further provided with a plurality of shunt grooves, and the plurality of the shunt grooves on the same first punching piece are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, and are located in the same the periphery of the plurality of sub-flow grooves on the first punching sheet;
  • the shunt grooves of all the first punching pieces forming the first side part are communicated with each other and cooperate to form a plurality of the first shunt flow channels which are distributed along the circumferential direction and extend along the axial direction. ;
  • the shunt grooves of all the first punching pieces forming the second side part are communicated with each other and cooperate to form a plurality of the second shunt runners distributed along the circumferential direction and extending along the axial direction .
  • the present application further provides a motor, which includes a motor housing and the above-mentioned stator, and the stator is accommodated in the motor housing.
  • the inner surface of the motor housing is provided with an annular liquid inlet channel
  • the outer surface of the motor housing is provided with a liquid inlet for the inflow of cooling liquid
  • the The liquid port is communicated with the liquid inlet channel
  • the liquid inlet channel is communicated with the guide channel of the yoke; or,
  • connection groove extending along the axial direction
  • connection groove is connected with the inner surface of the motor housing to form a connection flow channel
  • liquid inlet channel is connected to the inner surface of the motor housing.
  • the connecting channels communicate with each other.
  • connection relationship of the liquid inlet channel can be selected according to the actual situation, and the flexibility is strong.
  • the opening of the liquid inlet on the outer surface of the motor housing can provide a guiding effect for the cooling liquid outside the motor housing, so that the cooling liquid can flow into the inlet of the motor housing through the liquid inlet.
  • the liquid flow channel is then prepared for the subsequent flow channel entering the stator core, which can ensure that the cooling liquid can flow inside the motor without splashing outside the motor, and effectively ensure the overall heat dissipation effect of the motor.
  • the liquid inlet channel is annular, so that the cooling liquid can be evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the motor housing when the cooling liquid flows therein. In other words, the liquid inlet channel has an equalizing effect, which can evenly distribute the cooling liquid flowing in through the liquid inlet to the circumferential direction of the motor casing, which is conducive to the subsequent sufficient contact of the cooling liquid with the stator core.
  • the inlet flow passage may be located midway along the axial length of the motor housing. Therefore, the distances between the liquid inlet channels and the axial ends of the stator core are substantially equal. This arrangement enables the cooling liquid to flow into the stator iron core later, and part of it flows out from one end of the stator iron core and the other part flows out from the other end of the stator iron core, so that the two parts of the cooling liquid can flow through the stator iron core.
  • the motor further includes a first end cover and a second end cover, and the first end cover and the second end cover are respectively connected to both ends of the stator housing and are connected to the stator housing.
  • the axial ends of the stator core are in contact;
  • the number of the connecting flow channels is multiple, and a plurality of the connecting flow channels are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction;
  • the first end cover includes a first body and a plurality of first protrusions protruding on the first body, and the plurality of first protrusions are spaced apart along the circumferential direction and are connected to the stator iron.
  • the cores are in contact with each other, each of the first protrusions is provided with a first liquid outlet penetrating the first end cover, and the first body is formed by cooperating with the stator housing and the stator core.
  • a first equalizing flow channel the first equalizing flow channel is communicated with a plurality of the connecting flow channels;
  • the second end cover includes a second body and a plurality of second protrusions protruding on the second body, and the plurality of second protrusions are spaced along the circumferential direction and are connected to the stator iron.
  • the cores are in contact with each other, each of the second protrusions is provided with a second liquid outlet penetrating the second end cover, and the second body is formed by cooperating with the stator housing and the stator core.
  • a second equalizing flow channel the second equalizing flow channel is communicated with a plurality of the connecting flow channels;
  • the two adjacent through-flow channels are respectively connected with the first liquid outlet and the second liquid outlet, and the through-flow channel communicated with the first liquid outlet is also connected with the second liquid outlet.
  • the flow channel is communicated with, and the flow channel communicated with the second liquid outlet is also communicated with the first equalizing flow channel.
  • first liquid outlet of the first end cap and the second liquid outlet of the second end cap are not arranged directly opposite, but are arranged in a staggered position. That is, each of the first liquid outlets on the first end cap faces a gap between two adjacent second protrusions on the second end cap. Each second liquid outlet on the second end cap faces a gap between two adjacent first protrusions on the first end cap.
  • the outlets of the two adjacent through-flow channels are the first liquid outlet and the second liquid outlet respectively, that is, in the two adjacent through-flow channels, the cooling liquid of one through-flow channel will flow from the The first liquid outlet of the first end cover is sprayed to the first end winding, and the cooling liquid of the other through-flow channel is sprayed to the second end winding from the second liquid outlet of the second end cover.
  • the cooling liquid can flow out through the three-layer flow channel (the connecting flow channel, the first equalizing flow channel and the through-flow channel, or the connecting flow channel, the second equalizing flow channel and the through-flow channel),
  • the contact area with the stator iron core can be fully increased, the heat dissipation capability is strong, and the cooling efficiency is high.
  • the stator iron core includes a plurality of first punching sheets, and the plurality of first punching sheets are stacked to form the stator iron core;
  • Each of the first punches is provided with a plurality of first coil slots, and the plurality of first coil slots on the same first punch are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction;
  • the first coil slots on all the first punching pieces communicate and cooperate to form a plurality of the coil slots spaced apart along the circumferential direction.
  • each of the first punching pieces is further provided with a plurality of sub-flow grooves, and the plurality of sub-flow grooves on the same first punching piece are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, and communicate with a plurality of the first coil slots located on the same first punch sheet in one-to-one correspondence;
  • the sub-flow grooves of all the first punching pieces forming the stator iron core communicate with each other to form a plurality of the flow-through grooves that are spaced apart along the circumferential direction and extend along the axial direction.
  • each of the first punching pieces is further provided with a plurality of sub-connecting grooves, and the plurality of the sub-connecting grooves on the same first punching piece are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, and are located in the the periphery of a plurality of the sub-flow grooves on the same first punching sheet;
  • the sub-connecting grooves of all the first punching pieces forming the stator iron core communicate with each other to form a plurality of the connecting grooves that are spaced apart along the circumferential direction and extend along the axial direction.
  • the present application further provides a powertrain, the powertrain includes a motor controller and the motor as described above, the motor controller is electrically connected to the motor.
  • the present application further provides an electric vehicle, the electric vehicle includes a frame and the above-mentioned power assembly, and the power assembly is mounted on the frame.
  • a slot extending from the tooth portion to the yoke portion is formed between two adjacent tooth portions, and the slot is divided into two functional spaces of the through-flow slot and the coil slot, so that the coil slot can be
  • the stator coil is accommodated, and the through-flow slot can supply the cooling liquid to flow, and the two are independent of each other and do not interfere with each other. That is, the slot can be provided with two independent functional spaces for accommodating the stator coil and for the cooling liquid to flow.
  • this arrangement can increase the flow resistance of the cooling liquid due to the narrow flow channel, and the fluidity of the cooling liquid is challenged, and it is difficult for the stator coil to dissipate heat normally.
  • the possibility is reduced to a minimum, which is beneficial to ensure that the cooling liquid has enough flow space, reduce the unbalanced amount generated when the cooling liquid flows, and improve the heat dissipation performance of the stator core.
  • the shape of the stator coil passing through the coil slot can be made by a relatively simple process, which can greatly reduce the overall heat dissipation reliability on the basis of ensuring the heat dissipation reliability of the stator. Processing costs and material management costs are conducive to improving production efficiency.
  • the inner wall of the through-flow groove and the seal can cooperate to form a through-flow channel for the cooling liquid to flow through, so that when the cooling liquid flows in the through-flow channel, on the one hand, the direct contact with the stator core can be sufficient.
  • the coolant can be brought close to the stator coil to the greatest extent, so as to ensure good heat dissipation in the area that should be dissipated in the stator coil.
  • the stator coil can be fully cooled to ensure the heat dissipation performance of the stator coil and the reliability is strong.
  • the through-flow channel is located in the yoke as a whole and is close to the tooth root of the tooth.
  • This structure is provided with a flow channel between two adjacent coil slots for cooling
  • the existing scheme of opening the flow channel in the tooth part) can minimize the influence on the electromagnetic performance of the motor, so that the motor can operate normally under various working conditions, which is conducive to the development trend of the high-speed motor.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a powertrain provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a stator provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a stator provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a motor housing of a motor provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a stator coil of a stator provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is another schematic cross-sectional view of the stator provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a through-flow groove provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 9 is another structural schematic diagram of the through-flow groove provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is another schematic structural diagram of the through-flow groove provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 11 is another structural schematic diagram of the through-flow groove provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a fifth structural schematic diagram of the through-flow groove provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of the stator core provided by the first embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 14 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the stator core shown in Fig. 13;
  • Fig. 15 is another partial structural schematic diagram of the stator core shown in Fig. 13;
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the stator core according to the first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG 17 is another schematic structural diagram of the stator core provided by the first embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the stator core shown in Figure 17;
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of the first punching piece of the stator core provided by the first embodiment of the present application.
  • 20 is a schematic structural diagram of the second punching piece of the stator core provided by the first embodiment of the present application.
  • 21 is another schematic structural diagram of the second punching piece of the stator core provided by the first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the stator provided by the second embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic structural diagram of the stator core provided by the second embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 24 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the stator core shown in Fig. 23;
  • FIG. 25 is another schematic cross-sectional view of the stator provided by the second embodiment of the present application.
  • 26 is a schematic structural diagram of the stator core provided by the second embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 27 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the stator core shown in Fig. 26;
  • Figure 28 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the stator core shown in Figure 23;
  • Figure 29 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the stator core shown in Figure 26;
  • FIG. 30 is a schematic structural diagram of the first punching piece of the stator core provided by the second embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 31 is another structural schematic diagram of the first punching piece of the stator core provided by the second embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 32 is another structural schematic diagram of the first punching piece of the stator core provided by the second embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 33 is another structural schematic diagram of the first punching piece of the stator core provided by the second embodiment of the present application.
  • 35 is a schematic structural diagram of the stator core provided by the third embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 36 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the stator core shown in Fig. 35;
  • Figure 37 is an enlarged schematic view of the A region shown in Figure 36;
  • FIG. 40 is a schematic structural diagram of the first punching piece of the stator core provided by the third embodiment of the present application.
  • 41 is a schematic structural diagram of the second punching piece of the stator core provided by the third embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 43 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the stator provided by the fourth embodiment of the present application.
  • 44 is a schematic structural diagram of a motor provided by the fourth embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 45 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the motor shown in Fig. 44;
  • Fig. 46 is another partial structural schematic diagram of the motor shown in Fig. 44;
  • Fig. 47 is another partial structural schematic diagram of the motor shown in Fig. 44;
  • FIG. 48 is a schematic view of an angle of the first end cover and the second end cover of the motor shown in FIG. 44;
  • FIG. 49 is a schematic structural diagram of the first punching piece of the stator core provided by the fourth embodiment of the present application.
  • the electric vehicle 2000 may be, but is not limited to, a pure electric vehicle (Pure Electric Vehicle/Battery Electric Vehicle, PEV/BEV), a hybrid electric vehicle (Hybrid Electric Vehicle, HEV), Range Extended Electric Vehicle (REEV), Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle, PHEV), New Energy Vehicle (New Energy Vehicle).
  • PEV/BEV Purge Electric Vehicle/Battery Electric Vehicle
  • HEV Hybrid Electric Vehicle
  • REEV Range Extended Electric Vehicle
  • Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle
  • PHEV New Energy Vehicle
  • the electric vehicle 2000 may include a frame (not shown) and a powertrain 1000 mounted on the frame.
  • the frame is the structural skeleton of the electric vehicle 2000, which can support, fix and connect various assemblies, and bear the load of the internal and external environment of the electric vehicle 2000 system.
  • the powertrain 1000 is a system in the electric vehicle 2000 that can generate power and transmit the power to the road surface. It should be understood that the application of the powertrain 1000 may not be limited to the electric vehicle 2000, but may also be applied to mechanical equipment such as processing equipment and construction machinery.
  • the powertrain 1000 may include a motor 200 , a reducer 300 and a motor controller 400 (Motor Control Unit, MCU).
  • the motor 200 is an electromagnetic device that realizes electric energy conversion or transmission according to the law of electromagnetic induction, can generate driving torque, and is widely used as a power source of the powertrain 1000 .
  • the motor 200 may be, but is not limited to, a permanent magnet synchronous motor, an asynchronous induction motor, or a generator.
  • the reducer 300 is mechanically connected with the motor 200 , and can reduce the rotation speed of the motor 200 to a certain extent and increase the torque, so as to adapt to various working conditions of the electric vehicle 2000 .
  • the motor controller 400 is electrically connected to the motor 200, and can control the motor 200 to work according to the set direction, speed, angle, and response time through active operation.
  • the motor 200, the reducer 300 and the motor controller 400 will generate a lot of heat during operation. If they are not cooled in time, their respective working reliability and vehicle performance will be seriously affected. influences.
  • a cooling flow path may be provided inside the powertrain 1000, and the heat of the motor 200, the reducer 300 and the motor controller 400 can be taken away by the cooling liquid flowing in the cooling flow path, so as to realize their respective heat dissipation and cooling, wherein , the cooling liquid can be cooling oil, cooling water, or other cooling fluids with fluidity.
  • the motor 200 and the reducer 300 in the powertrain 1000 may be cooled by oil, and the motor controller 400 may be cooled by water.
  • the motor 200 and the reducer 300 may be dissipated by means of integrated oil cooling, so as to take into account the cooling of the motor 200 and the reducer 300 , wherein the cooling liquid may specifically be cooling oil.
  • the powertrain 1000 may further include a conveying device 500 , a heat exchanger 600 and a filter 700 .
  • the conveying device 500 , the heat exchanger 600 and the filter 700 may be located inside the housing of the reducer 300 , or the conveying device 500 , the heat exchanger 600 and the filter 700 may also be located outside the housing of the reducer 300 , the embodiments of the present application do not strictly limit this.
  • the conveying device 500 may provide power for the cooling liquid to drive the cooling liquid to flow in the flow channel of the electric motor 200 to carry away the heat of the electric motor 200 .
  • the flow of the coolant can be ensured, and on the other hand, the flow rate of the coolant can be controlled.
  • the delivery device 500 may be an electronic oil pump.
  • the heat exchanger 600 can utilize the cold fluid flowing in the heat exchanger 600 to absorb the heat of the high temperature cooling liquid through superheat exchange, so as to realize the heat exchange and cooling of the cooling liquid, so that the cooling liquid can be reused. That is, the heat exchanger 600 can be used for exchanging heat for the cooling liquid carrying the heat of the motor 200 to cool it, so that the cooling liquid can be reused.
  • the heat exchanger 600 may be an oil-water heat exchanger, that is, water is used as a cooling fluid to perform heat exchange and cooling of the cooling oil.
  • the filter 700 can filter the cooling liquid, so as to avoid the blockage of the flow channel in the motor 200 caused by the sundries in the cooling liquid.
  • the water cooling water outlet of the motor controller 400 may be connected to the heat exchanger 600 , so that the water flowing out of the motor controller 400 flows into the heat exchanger 600 .
  • the cooling oil can be filtered by the filter 700 through the power transmission function of the conveying device 500, and after heat exchange with the water flowing out of the motor controller 400 in the heat exchanger 600, it enters the motor 200 to dissipate heat for the motor 200, thus completing the a cooling cycle.
  • the powertrain 1000 of the embodiment of the present application can not only effectively dissipate heat to the motor 200, but also realize the circulation of the cooling liquid.
  • FIG. 2 is only to schematically describe the connection relationship between the motor 200 , the motor controller 400 , the reducer 300 , the conveying device 500 , the heat exchanger 600 and the filter 700 , not the connection of each device
  • the location, specific structure and quantity are specifically limited.
  • the structures illustrated in the embodiments of the present application do not constitute a specific limitation on the powertrain 1000 .
  • the powertrain 1000 may include more or fewer components than shown, or some components may be combined, or some components may be split, or different component arrangements.
  • the illustrated components may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.
  • the motor 200 includes a motor housing 210 , a stator 100 and a rotor 220 disposed in the motor housing 210 .
  • the setting of the motor housing 210 can provide guidance for the cooling liquid outside the motor 200 to flow into the motor 200, and prevent foreign objects from entering the interior of the motor 200, and the internal components of the motor 200 may be caused by mechanical collision with other objects during the transportation of the motor 200. The possibility of damage is minimized and the protection performance is excellent.
  • the stator 100 may be a stationary fixed part of the motor 200, which can generate a rotating magnetic field after passing an electric current.
  • the rotor 220 may be a rotating part of the motor 200 and can rotate under the action of the rotating magnetic field generated by the stator 100 .
  • the motor 200 is a permanent magnet synchronous motor, and when the rotor 220 is used in a permanent magnet synchronous motor, the rotor 220 can generate a constant magnetic field, and can generate a magnetic field in the stator 100 based on the principle of the same-sex repulsion and opposite-sex attraction of the magnetic poles. rotates under the action of the rotating magnetic field.
  • the motor 200 is an asynchronous induction motor. When the rotor 220 is used in the asynchronous induction motor, the rotor 220 can rotate by obtaining an electromagnetic torque under the action of the rotating magnetic field generated by the stator 100 based on the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction.
  • the motor housing 210 is sleeved on the periphery of the stator 100 and surrounds the stator 100 along the circumferential direction of the stator 100 .
  • the length of the motor housing 210 is greater than the length of the stator 100 , that is, both ends of the stator 100 are retracted in the motor housing 210 .
  • the stator 100 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the rotor 220 and surrounds the rotor 220 along the circumference of the rotor 220 . In the circumferential direction of the rotor 220 , there is an air gap between the stator 100 and the rotor 220 .
  • the stator 100 includes a stator core 10 , a stator coil 20 and a seal 30 .
  • the stator iron core 10 is a part of the magnetic circuit of the motor 200, and can be connected to the rotor iron core of the rotor 220 and the air gap between the stator iron core 10 and the rotor iron core of the rotor 220 (that is, the aforementioned gap between the stator 100 and the rotor 220). Air gap) together constitute a complete magnetic circuit of the motor 200 .
  • the stator coil 20 is installed and fixed on the stator iron core 10, and is a circuit part of the motor 200, and can generate a rotating magnetic field by passing an alternating current.
  • the sealing member 30 can isolate the stator core 10 and the stator coil 20 to avoid current leakage on the stator coil 20 .
  • Axial direction can be understood as the axial direction of the stator core 10 , that is, the direction in which the central axis of the stator core 10 is located, which is equivalent to the extending direction of the stator core 10 , that is, the first side portion 104 of the stator core 10 extends
  • the direction extending to the middle portion 103 and then continuing to the second side portion 105 is equivalent to the axial direction of the motor housing 210 sleeved on the periphery of the stator iron core 10 , and is equivalent to the stator coil 20 set in the stator iron core 10 .
  • the axial direction can be understood as the axial direction of the stator core 10 , that is, the direction in which the central axis of the stator core 10 is located, which is equivalent to the extending direction of the stator core 10 , that is, the first side portion 104 of the stator core 10 extends
  • the direction extending to the middle portion 103 and then continuing to the second side portion 105 is equivalent to the axial direction
  • Circumferential direction It can be understood as the circumferential direction around the axial direction.
  • Radial direction It can be understood as the direction perpendicular to the axial direction.
  • the sleeve-shaped element includes a cylindrical (or tubular) shell with a hollow space inside the shell, and a cylindrical (or tubular) Both end faces of the housing are provided with openings through which elongated objects can enter or pass through the sleeve-like element.
  • the sleeve-like element includes two end faces and an outer surface (also called an outer peripheral surface) and an inner surface connected between the two end faces, the inner surface encloses a hollow space of the sleeve-like element, and the outer surface can present a sleeve The appearance structure of the like element.
  • the axial direction of the sleeve-like element is the direction extending from one end to the other end face
  • the circumferential direction is the direction surrounding the outer surface
  • the radial direction is the direction extending perpendicularly from the inner surface to the outer surface, which can be understood as perpendicular to its axial direction.
  • the motor housing 210 , the stator core 10 , the sealing member 30 and the stator coil 20 are arranged in sequence.
  • both ends of the stator coil 20 extend out of the stator core 10 , but are still retracted in the motor housing 210 .
  • the motor housing 210 is sleeved to the periphery of the stator core 10 .
  • the stator coil 20 is inserted through the stator iron core 10 , and both ends extend out of the stator iron core 10 .
  • the sealing member 30 is located between the stator iron core 10 and the stator coil 20 to isolate the stator iron core 10 and the stator coil 20 .
  • the maximum speed and current density of the motor 200 need to be increased.
  • the increase of the maximum rotational speed is likely to lead to an increase in the loss of the stator core 10
  • the increase of the current density is likely to lead to an increase of the loss of the stator coil 20, so that when the motor 200 operates at the maximum rotational speed and the peak operating conditions, the stator coil 20 and the stator core 10 There is a risk of overheating.
  • the structure of the stator 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application can reduce the processing cost on the basis of ensuring the heat dissipation reliability of the stator 100, and significantly reduce the speed of the motor 200 due to insufficient cooling of the stator 100 at high rotational speeds.
  • the possibility of constraints is minimized, as will be described further below.
  • the motor housing 210 is in the shape of a sleeve, the outer surface 2101 of the motor housing 210 is provided with a liquid inlet 2110 for the inflow of cooling liquid, and the inner surface 2102 of the motor housing 210 is recessed with a ring-shaped
  • the liquid inlet channel 2120 is connected with the liquid inlet 2110. It can be understood that, by opening the liquid inlet 2110 on the outer surface 2101 of the motor housing 210, a guiding effect can be provided for the cooling liquid outside the motor housing 210, so that the cooling liquid can flow into the electric motor by entering the liquid inlet 2110.
  • the liquid inlet flow channel 2120 of the casing 210 is further prepared for the subsequent flow channel entering the stator core 10 , which can ensure that the cooling liquid can flow inside the motor 200 without being splashed outside the motor 200 , thereby effectively ensuring the motor 200 overall cooling effect.
  • the liquid inlet channel 2120 is annular, so that the cooling liquid can be evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the motor housing 210 when the cooling liquid flows therein.
  • the liquid inlet channel 2120 has an equalizing effect, which can evenly distribute the cooling liquid flowing in through the liquid inlet 2110 to the circumferential direction of the motor housing 210 , which is beneficial for the subsequent sufficient contact between the cooling liquid and the stator core 10 . .
  • the motor housing 210 has a certain thickness, but in order to illustrate the structure of the liquid inlet 2110, the thickness of the motor housing 2110 is reduced to a certain extent, so that the liquid inlet 2110 is shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the structure of the convex set on the outer surface 2101 is set.
  • the liquid inlet 2110 is actually a hole-like structure opened on the outer surface 2101 of the motor housing 210 and communicated with the liquid inlet channel 2120 .
  • the liquid inlet channel 2120 may be located in the middle of the axial length of the motor housing 210 . Therefore, the distances between the liquid inlet channels 2120 and the two ends in the axial direction of the stator core 10 are substantially equal.
  • This arrangement enables the cooling liquid to flow into the stator iron core 10 subsequently, and a part of the cooling liquid flows out from one end of the stator iron core 10 and the other part flows out from the other end of the stator iron core 10 .
  • the flow paths can be approximately equal, thereby shortening the heat transfer paths of the two parts of the coolant flowing out from both ends to the greatest extent, effectively avoiding a large temperature difference between the two ends of the stator core 10, and greatly reducing the overall motor 200.
  • the processing cost and material management cost are reduced, which is beneficial to improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the motor 200 .
  • the heat dissipation of the motor 200 usually adopts the oil cooling method.
  • the oil cooling method can make the motor 200 have high power density, small link thermal resistance, low interface thermal resistance ratio, and coil end heat dissipation.
  • glue filling and high-speed oil seals can be mass-produced, so oil cooling is more and more widely used. That is, the cooling liquid may be cooling oil.
  • the stator coil 20 includes a core 21 and a first end winding 23 and a second end winding 24 respectively connected to both ends of the core 21 .
  • the core portion 21 extends in the axial direction, and is a portion of the stator coil 20 that can be inserted through the stator core 10 .
  • the first end winding 23 and the second end winding 24 are both ends of the stator coil 20 and are parts of the stator coil 20 located outside the stator core 10 . Specifically, the first end winding 23 protrudes from one end of the stator core 10 , and the second end winding 24 protrudes from the other end of the stator core 10 .
  • the stator core 10 includes a yoke 101 and a plurality of teeth 102 , the root 1021 of each tooth 102 is connected to the yoke 101 , and the tip of each tooth 102 is connected to the yoke 101 . 1022 is away from the yoke 101 .
  • the yoke portion 101 has an annular shape and extends in the axial direction.
  • the outer surface of the yoke portion 101 is the surface facing the motor housing 210 , that is, the outer surface of the stator iron core 10 , which can fit with the inner surface 2102 of the motor housing 210 .
  • the inner surface of the yoke portion 101 is the surface facing away from the motor housing 210 , that is, the surface connected to the plurality of tooth portions 102 .
  • a plurality of tooth portions 102 are arranged on the inner surface of the yoke portion 101 at intervals along the circumferential direction, each tooth portion 102 extends in the axial direction, and a slot 11 is formed between two adjacent tooth portions 102 .
  • a slot 11 is formed between any two adjacent tooth portions 102 , that is, a plurality of tooth portions 102 can form a plurality of slots 11 . Since the structures of the plurality of slots 11 are the same, the detailed structure of the technical solution of the present application will be described below by taking the specific form of one of the slots 11 as an example.
  • the slot 11 includes a coil slot 111 and a through-flow slot 112 that communicate with each other.
  • the coil slot 111 extends from the tooth top 1022 to the tooth root 1021
  • the coil slot 111 is used for accommodating the stator coil 20
  • the through-flow slot 112 extends from the tooth root 1021 to the yoke 101 .
  • the sealing member 30 is connected to the inner wall of the slot 11, and together with the inner wall of the through-flow groove 112, forms a through-flow channel 12 for the cooling liquid to flow through.
  • the inner wall of the slot 11 includes the inner wall of the coil slot 111 and the inner wall of the through-flow slot 112 , that is, the inner wall of the slot 11 is composed of the inner wall of the coil slot 111 and the inner wall of the through-flow slot 112 .
  • the seal 30 is connected to the junction of the inner wall of the through-flow slot 112 and the inner wall of the coil slot 111 . That is, the sealing member 30 just seals the end of the through-flow groove 112 that communicates with the opening groove 11 in the radial direction.
  • connection position of the sealing member 30 is not limited to this, and it can also be connected to the inner wall of the through-flow slot 112 or the inner wall of the coil slot 111 , which is not strictly limited in the embodiments of the present application. .
  • the slot 11 can accommodate the stator coils 20, and the through-flow slots 112 can allow the cooling liquid to flow through, and the two are independent of each other and do not interfere with each other. That is, the slot 11 can be provided with two independent functional spaces for accommodating the stator coil 20 and for allowing the cooling liquid to flow.
  • this arrangement can increase the flow resistance of the cooling liquid due to the narrow flow channel, and the fluidity of the cooling liquid is challenged, making it difficult for the stator coil 20 to operate normally.
  • the possibility of heat dissipation is reduced to a minimum, which is beneficial to ensure that the cooling liquid has sufficient flow space, reduce the unbalanced amount generated when the cooling liquid flows, and improve the heat dissipation performance of the stator core 10 .
  • the shape of the stator coil 20 passing through the coil slot 111 can be made by a relatively simple process, which can greatly improve the heat dissipation reliability of the stator 100 . Reducing the overall processing cost and material management cost is conducive to improving production efficiency.
  • the inner wall of the through-flow groove 112 and the seal 30 can cooperate to form the through-flow channel 12 for the cooling liquid to flow through, so that when the cooling liquid flows in the through-flow channel 12, on the one hand, it can directly contact the stator iron.
  • the core 10 can sufficiently dissipate heat to the stator core 10.
  • the cooling liquid can be brought close to the stator coil 20 to the greatest extent.
  • the heat dissipation area is well dissipated, so that the stator coil 20 can be sufficiently cooled, so as to ensure the heat dissipation performance of the stator coil 20 and the reliability.
  • the through-flow channel 12 is integrally located in the yoke portion 101 and is close to the tooth root 1021 of the tooth portion 102.
  • This structure is provided with a flow channel for the cooling liquid to flow through between two adjacent coil slots 111 (that is, in the The existing solution in which the teeth 102 without the coil slots 111 open the flow channel) can minimize the influence on the electromagnetic performance of the motor 200, so that the motor 200 can operate normally under various working conditions, which is beneficial to the motor 200 rapid development trend.
  • the sealing member 30 may also have insulating properties. It can be understood that, since the core portion 21 of the stator coil 20 extends in the axial direction, and the coil slot 111 also extends in the axial direction, the coil slot 111 can be used for the core portion 21 of the stator coil 20 to pass through. When the stator 100 is in normal operation, the stator coil 20 will be energized and used, so the core 21 pierced through the coil slot 111 will have current flowing under the operating condition.
  • the insulating seal 30 is provided between the core portion 21 and the coil slot 111 , and the stator coil 20 and the stator core 10 can be insulated from each other.
  • the sealing member 30 is not only connected to the inner wall of the slot 11 , the sealing member 30 also covers the inner wall of the coil slot 111 , so that the inner wall of the coil slot 111 is covered by the sealing member 30 , that is, the sealing member 30 is tightly fitted
  • the inner wall of the coil slot 111 is not easy to fall off, and is convenient for production management.
  • the core portion 21 is inserted into the coil slot 111 , good insulation can be formed between the stator coil 20 and the stator core 10 .
  • the sealing member 30 since the sealing member 30 also needs to cooperate with the inner wall of the through-flow groove 112 to form the through-flow channel 12 . Therefore, in order to ensure that the integrity of the sealing member 30 is not damaged, the sealing member 30 does not need to be perforated and drained as in the existing solution.
  • the process complexity is low, which can effectively reduce the material, processing, production and management costs caused by the need for additional work on the sealing member 30 .
  • there is no need to pass the liquid in the coil slot 111 which can effectively reduce the process difficulty and cost improvement for ensuring the sealing performance of the coil slot 111 and the insulation of the cooling liquid, and has strong practicability and wide application range.
  • the sealing member 30 since there is no need to pass through the coil slot 111, there is no need to drill holes in the sealing member 30, so compared with the flat wire process used in the existing solution to maintain the copper wire form of the stator coil 20, the embodiment of the present application.
  • the provided stator coil 20 can be manufactured by a relatively simple round wire process.
  • the arrangement of the sealing member 30 in the embodiment of the present application can also be adapted to the flat wire process, and is not limited thereto.
  • the sealing member 30 can not only cooperate with the inner wall of the through-flow groove 112 to form the through-flow channel 12 , but also can insulate the stator coil 20 and the stator core 10 from each other. That is, the sealing member 30 can have the dual functions of sealing and insulating, thereby diversifying the use performance of the sealing member 30 and having high flexibility. Under this arrangement, since the sealing member 30 is in direct contact with the stator coil 20, when the cooling liquid flows in the through-flow channel 12, the heat of the stator coil 20 can be transferred to the cooling liquid through the sealing member 30, and the heat dissipation of the stator coil 20 is reduced.
  • the path is short and the thermal resistance of the link is small, which is beneficial to the heat dissipation of the stator coil 20 under the condition of high torque. Since the cooling liquid also directly contacts the stator iron core 10 , the cooling liquid can simultaneously cool the stator iron core 10 and the stator coil 20 , significantly improving the heat dissipation capability of the stator iron core 10 and the stator coil 20 .
  • the cross-sectional shape of the coil slot 111 in the radial direction is a ball-and-stick shape.
  • the sealing member 30 can be insulating paper, and the insulating paper can also be in the shape of a ball to cover the inner wall of the coil slot 111 and form a space for the core 21 to pass through.
  • the coil slot 111 , the insulating paper and the core 21 are arranged in sequence in a layout.
  • the insulating paper can be located between the coil slot 111 and the core 21 as a whole, so that the space in the coil slot 111 can be filled as much as possible by the core 21 except for the insulating paper, which effectively improves the coil slot 111 slot fill rate and The power density of the motor 200 .
  • the slotting depth of the through-flow slot 112 is the width of the through-flow slot 112 in the radial direction, and the slotting depth of the through-flow slot 112 may be from the tooth root 1021 of the tooth portion 102 to the yoke portion 101 within the range of the outer surface.
  • the slotting depth of the through-flow groove 112 needs to fully consider the structural strength, processing cost, magnetic strength, process complexity and other issues of the stator core 10. According to the actual situation, the groove depth of the through-flow groove 112 is designed, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the through-flow slot 112 includes a main body part 1121 and at least one branch part 1122 , the main part 1121 communicates with the coil slot 111 , and at least one branch part 1122 is spaced apart Distributed on the peripheral side of the main body part 1121 and communicated with the main body part 1121 .
  • the cooling liquid can flow not only in the main body part 1121 but also in the branch parts 1122 .
  • the increase of the branch portion 1122 is equivalent to an increase of the groove wall area of the through-flow groove 112 . In other words, it is equivalent to increasing the contact area between the cooling liquid and the stator core 10 , so that the heat dissipation and cooling performance of the stator 100 can be further enhanced.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the through-flow groove 112 in the radial direction may be in the shape of antlers.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the through-flow groove 112 in the radial direction may be a claw shape.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the through-flow groove 112 in the radial direction may be the shape shown in FIG. 11 .
  • cross-sectional shape of the through-flow groove 112 along the radial direction is not limited to the shape described above, and it may also have other shapes, which are not strictly limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the through-flow groove 112 only includes a main body part (not shown).
  • the cross-sectional configuration of the main body portion in the radial direction may be T-shaped.
  • the body portion may take the form shown in FIG. 12 .
  • the flow slot 112 may be a symmetrical structure. Therefore, regardless of whether the through-flow groove 112 includes only the main body part 1121 or the main body part 1121 and the branch part 1122 , the processing of the through-flow groove 112 can be simplified and the cost of materials and production management can be saved.
  • the arrangement of the through-flow grooves 112 can also increase the effective contact area between the cooling liquid and the stator core 10, increase the effective heat dissipation area of the flow channel compared with the existing structure, reduce the flow resistance and pressure loss along the flow channel, and greatly improve the cooling efficiency. At the same time, it also meets the structural rigidity requirements of the stator core 10 , reduces energy consumption, and provides reliable technical support for the promotion and application of the heat dissipation technology of the motor 200 .
  • the shape, size and other structural requirements of the through-flow groove 112 can be designed according to the actual situation, and it is only necessary to ensure that it can cooperate with the sealing member 30 to form a space that can provide enough cooling liquid to flow through and has a small flow resistance. , and within the processable range, which is not strictly limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the outlet of the through-flow channel 12 faces the end winding 22 (that is, the slots of the through-flow slot 112 located at both ends of the stator core 10 face the end portion winding 22).
  • the end winding 22 includes the first end winding 23 and the second end winding 24 , there are two outlets of the flow passage 12 .
  • the outlet of one through-flow channel 12 is opened at one end of the stator iron core 10
  • the outlet of the other through-flow channel 12 is opened at the other end of the stator iron core 10 .
  • the cooling liquid flows in the through-flow channel 12 , it is possible to dissipate heat from the core portion 21 of the stator coil 20 .
  • the cooling liquid flows out through the through-flow channel 12 , part of it can flow out from one end of the stator iron core 10 to dissipate heat to the first end winding 23 , and the other part can flow out from the other end of the stator iron core 10 to dissipate heat to the second end winding 23 .
  • the end windings 24 dissipate heat, so as to achieve the purpose of balanced heat dissipation of the two ends of the stator coil 20 in the motor 200 , so that the heat dissipation of the motor 200 is better.
  • the cooling liquid can cool not only the core 21 but also the end windings 22 . That is, the cooling liquid can take into account the cooling of the core 21 and the end windings 22, so that the overall thermal resistance of the stator coil 20 is reduced, the heat dissipation is uniform, and the reliability is strong.
  • the heat dissipation of the stator coil 20 can be ensured when the motor 200 operates at a low speed and a high torque.
  • the heat dissipation of the stator iron core 10 is ensured, so as to take into account the heat dissipation requirements of the stator iron core 10 and the stator coil 20 under various working conditions.
  • a critical rotation speed can be set according to the heating condition of the motor 200 during operation to define the high-speed and low-speed operation of the motor 200 .
  • a rotational speed of ⁇ 10000 r/min may be regarded as a high rotational speed.
  • stator 2120 and the flow channel 12 together form the cooling channel of the motor 200, so that the design of the stator 100 provided by the embodiments of the present application can take into account the heat dissipation requirements of the stator coil 20 and the stator iron core 10, that is, the stator coil 20 can be designed Heat dissipation and cooling are performed together with the stator core 10 .
  • a flow channel capable of connecting the liquid inlet channel 2120 and the through-flow channel 12 , and/or a channel capable of further improving the heat dissipation capability of the stator core 10 may be added.
  • the yoke 101 is further provided with a flow guide channel 13 extending in the radial direction, and the flow guide channel 13 is
  • the aforementioned flow channels can be connected to the inlet flow channel 2120 and the flow channel 12 .
  • the inlet of the guide flow channel 13 is opened on the outer surface of the yoke 101, and is used to guide the cooling liquid in the liquid inlet flow channel 2120 of the peripheral structural member of the stator core 10 to the stator core 10, and guide the cooling liquid to the stator core 10.
  • the outlet of the flow channel 13 communicates with at least part of the inlet of the through-flow channel 12 .
  • the peripheral structural components of the stator iron core 10 are located on the periphery of the stator iron core 10 as a whole and are disposed close to the stator iron core 10 , and can be directly or indirectly connected with the stator iron core 10 . Therefore, the liquid inlet channel 2120 is provided on the peripheral structural member of the stator core 10, and the guide channel 13 is connected between the liquid inlet channel 2120 and the through-flow channel 12, so that the cooling liquid can pass through the liquid inlet.
  • the guiding action of the flow channel 2120 leads to the guiding flow channel 13 of the stator iron core 10, and the cooling liquid is guided to the through-flow channel 12 through the guiding function of the guiding flow channel 13, so that the cooling liquid flows through the flow channel 12.
  • the flow in the flow channel 12 can take into account the heat dissipation of the stator core 10 and the stator coil 20, and the heat dissipation efficiency is high.
  • the peripheral structural member of the stator core 10 may be the motor housing 210, but it should be understood that it is not limited thereto.
  • the flow-guiding channels 13 extend in the radial direction.
  • the cooling liquid can be guided into the through-flow channel 12 with the shortest distance.
  • the heat transfer path of the cooling liquid is short and the flow resistance is small, which can avoid a large temperature difference locally in the stator core 10 to the greatest extent possible.
  • the outlet of the diversion channel 13 communicates with the inlet part of the through-flow channel 12 . Therefore, the cooling liquid flowing into the guide flow channel 13 can have fluidity and smoothly flow into the flow flow channel 12, and since the outlet of the guide flow channel 13 and the inlet of the flow guide flow channel 12 do not need to be completely communicated, the stator The processing and manufacturing process of the iron core 10 is simpler.
  • the outlet of the guide flow channel 13 is completely communicated with the inlet of the through flow channel 12 .
  • the flow rate and flow speed of the cooling liquid can be controlled by changing the degree of communication between the outlet of the guide flow channel 13 and the inlet of the through flow channel 12 to ensure the flow of the cooling liquid in the through flow channel 12 reliability and uniformity.
  • the stator core 10 includes a middle portion 103 and a first side portion 104 and a second side portion 105 respectively connected to both ends of the middle portion 103.
  • the yoke portion 101 and the tooth portion 102 are The first side portion 104 extends to the middle portion 103 and the second side portion 105 in sequence.
  • the yoke portion 101 can actually be composed of a yoke portion located on the first side portion 104 , a yoke portion located on the middle portion 103 and a yoke portion located on the second side portion 105 .
  • the tooth portion 102 may also be composed of the tooth portion located on the first side portion 104 , the tooth portion located at the middle portion 103 and the tooth portion located on the second side portion 105 .
  • stator core 10 can facilitate the description of the formation principle of the stator core 10 in this embodiment. The details will be described below. describe.
  • the diversion channel 13 is located in the middle portion 103 .
  • the flow guide 13 is located in the middle of the axial length of the stator core 10 . Therefore, after the cooling liquid enters the liquid inlet channel 2120 , it can enter from the position of the middle 103 of the stator iron core 10 . Under this setting, when the motor 200 operates in a high-speed rated working condition, the heat exchange and cooling can be quickly performed on the middle 103 of the stator core 10 where the highest temperature is likely to occur, thereby reducing the possibility of failure of the stator core 10 due to overheating. Minimum, so that the stator core 10 will not be damaged due to local over-temperature, and the reliability is strong.
  • the through-flow channel 12 includes a first through-flow channel 121 and a second through-flow channel 122, and the first through-flow channel 121 and the second through-flow channel 122 are located at the first side portion 104 and the second through-flow channel 122, respectively.
  • the second side portion 105, and the first through-flow channel 121 and the second through-flow channel 122 are symmetrically arranged, and both the first through-flow channel 121 and the second through-flow channel 122 communicate with the guide channel 13 and the stator 100. outer space.
  • the outlet of the first through-flow channel 121 is opened on the end face of the first side portion 104 , and the cooling liquid flowing out through the outlet of the first through-flow channel 121 can be ejected to the first end winding 23 .
  • the outlet of the second through-flow channel 122 is opened on the end face of the second side portion 105 , and the cooling liquid flowing out through the outlet of the second through-flow channel 122 can be ejected to the second end winding 24 .
  • the specific structure of the through-flow channel 12 can fully adapt to the liquid feeding method of the middle part 103 of the cooling liquid, so that when the cooling liquid enters the guide-flow channel 13 from the middle part 103 of the stator core 10 , it can pass through the flow-guide channel 13 . Due to the diversion effect, the cooling liquid flows to both ends of the stator iron core 10 in the axial direction, so that the cooling liquid can quickly dissipate heat to the two ends of the stator iron core 10, so that the temperature of the two ends of the stator iron core 10 can be relatively uniform and Not too much difference. That is, the temperature of the first side portion 104 and the second side portion 105 can be ensured to be uniform.
  • the number of the guide flow channels 13 is multiple, and the plurality of flow guide flow channels 13 are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction. That is, the plurality of flow guide channels 13 are distributed in the middle portion 103 at intervals along the circumferential direction.
  • the plurality of guide flow channels 13 are distributed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, that is, the plurality of flow guide flow channels 13 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction.
  • the arrangement of the plurality of guide flow passages 13 evenly distributed in the circumferential direction can make the temperature of the entire stator core 10 more uniform, and on the other hand, it can reduce the time when the cooling liquid flows on the basis of fully adapting to the fluidity of the cooling liquid.
  • the resulting unbalanced amount will increase the coolant flow resistance due to the unbalanced amount, the fluidity of the coolant will be challenged, and the possibility of the stator 100 being difficult to work normally will be minimized, effectively ensuring the performance of the stator 100.
  • the number of the through-flow channels 12 is also multiple, and the multiple through-flow channels 12 are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction, so that the multiple through-flow channels 12 are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the stator core 10 .
  • the number of the second through-flow channels 122 is also multiple, and the plurality of second through-flow channels 122 are distributed on the second side portion 105 at intervals along the circumferential direction.
  • the plurality of through-flow channels 12 are equally spaced along the circumferential direction, that is, the plurality of through-flow channels 12 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction.
  • the arrangement of the plurality of through-flow passages 12 evenly distributed in the circumferential direction can make the temperature of the entire stator core 10 more uniform, and on the other hand, it can reduce the flow rate of the cooling liquid on the basis of fully adapting to the fluidity of the cooling liquid.
  • the resulting unbalanced amount will increase the coolant flow resistance due to the unbalanced amount, the fluidity of the coolant will be challenged, and the possibility of the stator 100 being difficult to work normally will be minimized, effectively ensuring the performance of the stator 100.
  • each first through-flow channel 121 is communicated with the outlet of two adjacent flow-direction channels 13
  • each second through-flow channel 121 The inlets of the flow channels 122 are all communicated with the outlets of the two adjacent flow guide flow channels 13 .
  • the corresponding relationship between the plurality of flow guide flow channels 13 and the plurality of flow flow channels 12 is that one flow guide flow channel 13 corresponds to two adjacent flow flow channels 12 . Specifically, when the cooling liquid enters one of the guide flow channels 13 , a part will enter one through flow channel 12 of the two adjacent through flow channels 12 corresponding to the guide flow channel 13 , and the other part will enter Enter the other through-flow channel 12 of the two adjacent through-flow channels 12 corresponding to this guide-flow channel 13 .
  • the cooling liquid in each through-flow channel 12 can come from two adjacent guide-flow channels 13 .
  • the cooling liquid phases of two adjacent flow guide channels 13 can be made complementary to each other. It is ensured that even if the flow rate of the cooling liquid in one of the diversion channels 13 flowing into the through-flow channels 12 is small, there will be sufficient cooling in each through-flow channel 12 due to the existence of the other diversion channels 13 .
  • each first through-flow channel 121 is communicated with the outlet of one guide-flow channel 13
  • each second through-flow channel 122 The inlets are all communicated with the outlet of a diversion channel 13 .
  • the plurality of diversion channels 13 can be in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of through-flow channels 12 , and the arrangement of the one-to-one communication can ensure that each through-flow channel 12 has a cooling liquid flow. Therefore, the cooling liquid can be uniformly distributed in various positions of the stator core 10 along the circumferential direction.
  • the liquid inlet channel 2120 , the guide channel 13 and the flow channel 12 together form the cooling channel of the motor 200 .
  • the design of the cooling channel of the motor 200 in this embodiment can make the cooling liquid flow into the guide channel 13 of the stator core 10 through the liquid inlet channel 2120 provided in the motor housing 210 .
  • a part of the cooling liquid flowing into the guide flow channel 13 will be ejected from the first flow channel 121 provided on the first side part 104 to the first end winding 23 , and the other part will be discharged from the second side part 105 .
  • the second through-flow channel 122 is ejected to the second end winding 24 .
  • the cooling flow channel of the motor 200 takes into account the heat dissipation requirements of the stator iron core 10 and the stator coil 20, so that it can heat and cool the stator iron core 10 and the stator coil 20 together, which is beneficial to the performance of the diversified stator 100.
  • the high-speed operation of the motor 200 is guaranteed, the practicability is strong, and the application range is wide.
  • stator core 10 The formation principle of the stator core 10 in this embodiment will be described below.
  • the stator core 10 includes a plurality of first punching pieces 15 and a plurality of second punching pieces 16 , and the plurality of first punching pieces 15 are along the axis
  • the first side portion 104 and the second side portion 105 are formed by stacking in the direction
  • the middle portion 103 is formed by stacking a plurality of second punching pieces 16 in the axial direction. All the first punching pieces 15 forming the first side portion 104 , all the second punching pieces 16 forming the middle portion 103 , and all the first punching pieces 15 forming the second side portion 105 are sequentially connected to form the stator core 10 .
  • the materials of the first punching sheet 15 and the second punching sheet 16 are both silicon steel, that is, the first punching sheet 15 and the second punching sheet 16 are both silicon steel sheets.
  • silicon steel is a magnetic material with strong magnetic permeability, and in the energized stator coil 20 , it can generate a large magnetic induction intensity, thereby reducing the overall volume of the motor 200 . While the motor 200 works in an alternating current state, the power loss is not only generated in the stator coil 20 but also in the stator iron core 10 under the magnetization of the alternating current.
  • the power loss in the stator core 10 is usually called “iron loss”, and the iron loss is caused by two reasons, one is “hysteresis loss” and the other is “eddy current loss”.
  • the hysteresis loss is the iron loss caused by the existence of the hysteresis phenomenon in the magnetization process of the stator core 10 , and the magnitude of this loss is proportional to the size of the area enclosed by the hysteresis loop of the material.
  • the hysteresis loop of silicon steel is narrow, and the hysteresis loss generated by using it as the stator iron core 10 of the motor 200 is small, which can greatly reduce the heating degree of the stator iron core 10 .
  • the stator core 10 is formed by stamping a sheet-shaped silicon steel sheet, which can reduce another iron loss—“eddy current loss”.
  • eddy current loss Another iron loss
  • the stator core 10 is formed by laminating silicon steel sheets insulated from each other, which can increase the resistance on the eddy current path, and the silicon in the silicon steel increases the resistivity of the material and also reduces the eddy current.
  • the thinner the thickness of the silicon steel sheet the better the effect of reducing the eddy current.
  • issues such as manufacturing man-hours and technological difficulty of the stator core 10 , that is, the size of the silicon steel sheet needs to be reasonably designed on the basis of considering the aforementioned issues.
  • each of the first punching pieces 15 is provided with a plurality of first coil slots 151 and a plurality of sub-flow slots 152 .
  • the coil slots 151 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the plurality of sub-flow slots 152 on the same first punch 15 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, and are identical to the plurality of first coil slots 151 on the same first punch 15 .
  • the sub-flow grooves 152 of all the first punching pieces 15 forming the first side portion 104 communicate and cooperate to form a plurality of sub-flow grooves 152 along the circumferential direction.
  • a plurality of first through-flow grooves 1123 distributed in the first side portion 104 and extending in the first side portion 104 along the axial direction, wherein each of the first through-flow grooves 1123 penetrates the first through-flow groove 1123 along the axial direction. side portion 104 .
  • first through-flow groove 1123 can cooperate with the insulating member to form a first through-flow channel 121 located at the first side portion 104 for the cooling liquid to flow in it to provide cooling to the first side portion 104 and the first end winding. 23 for heat dissipation cooling.
  • the sub-flow grooves 152 of all the first punching pieces 15 forming the second side portion 105 communicate and cooperate to form a plurality of spaced apart in the circumferential direction.
  • the second through-flow groove 1124 can cooperate with the insulating member to form a second through-flow channel 122 located at the second side portion 105 for the cooling liquid to flow in it to provide cooling to the second side portion 105 and the second end winding. 24 for heat dissipation cooling.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the sub-flow grooves 152 in the radial direction may be consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the flow-through grooves 112 in the radial direction as shown in FIGS. 8 to 12 , which is not specified in this embodiment of the present application. limit.
  • each second punch 16 is provided with a plurality of second coil slots 161 and a plurality of first guide slots 162 .
  • the second coil slots 161 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction
  • the plurality of first guide slots 162 on the same second punch 16 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction
  • the plurality of second coils located on the same second punch 16 the periphery of the groove 161 .
  • each first guide groove 162 in the radial direction may gradually increase from the first guide groove 162 to the second coil groove 161 .
  • the root of the cooling fluid is converted from radial flow to axial flow, and the coolant has strong fluidity and good reliability.
  • the first diversion grooves 162 of all the second punching pieces 16 communicate and cooperate to form a plurality of circumferentially spaced distributions in the middle portion 103 and along the A plurality of guide flow channels 13 extending in the radial direction in the middle portion 103 .
  • the first coil slots 151 of the sheet 15 communicate with the second coil slots 161 of all the second punching sheets 16 and cooperate to form a plurality of coil slots 111 spaced apart along the circumferential direction, each coil slot 111 extending from the first side 104 It extends to the middle portion 103 and the second side portion 105 in sequence.
  • the centerlines of all the second coil slots 161 on the same second punch 16 along the radial direction are the same as those of all the first guide slots on the same second punch 16 .
  • 162 are staggered along the centerline in the radial direction. Therefore, when all the punching pieces are punched to form the stator core 10 , one through-flow channel 12 can be formed corresponding to the flow channels of the two adjacent flow-guiding channels 13 . Under this arrangement, the cooling liquid phases of two adjacent flow guide channels 13 can be made complementary to each other.
  • each second coil slot 161 on the same second punch 16 along the radial direction is the same as that of a first coil slot 161 on the same second punch 16 .
  • the centerlines of the guide grooves 162 in the radial direction are collinear. Therefore, when all the punching pieces are punched to form the stator core 10, a plurality of flow channels 12 and a plurality of flow guide channels 13 can be formed in a one-to-one correspondence with each other.
  • the arrangement of the flow channels can ensure that cooling liquid flows through each through-flow flow channel 12 , so that the cooling liquid can be evenly distributed in various positions of the stator core 10 along the circumferential direction.
  • the slot structures at the same position of each punching piece can form a set positional relationship, for example, all the slot structures at the same position of each punching piece are completely overlapped to form the flow guide channels 13 and 13 of the stator core 10 .
  • the stacked assembly design can reduce the eddy current loss of the stator core 10 , and has strong practicability and wide application range.
  • the same content as the above-mentioned first embodiment will not be repeated.
  • the difference from the above-mentioned first embodiment is that the yoke portion 101 is also provided with an axial
  • the shunt runners 14 and 13 extending in the direction are the runners described above that can further improve the heat dissipation capability of the stator core 10 .
  • the split flow channel 14 is farther from the teeth 102 than the through flow channel 12 .
  • FIG. 28 and FIG. 29 in conjunction with the arrangement of the shunt runner 14 , when the cooling liquid flows into the shunt runner 14 , the stator core 10 can be dissipated directly, and the stator core 10 can be directly radiated by the through-flow runner 12 .
  • the additional shunt flow channel 14 is provided to form a double-layer flow channel inside the stator core 10, which can share the heat dissipation load of the flow channel 12, so that the heat dissipation load of the flow channel 12 is reduced, which is beneficial to
  • the cooling performance of the stator iron core 10 is further improved, thereby further ensuring the heat dissipation efficiency and heat dissipation reliability of the stator iron core 10 .
  • both ends of the branch flow channel 14 in the radial direction are closed.
  • one end of the branch flow channel 14 in the radial direction is open, and the other end of the branch flow channel 14 in the radial direction is closed.
  • the shape of the shunt runner 14 can be selected according to the actual situation of the stator core 10 , as long as the shunt runner 14 is arranged on the edge of the yoke 101 or close to the edge of the yoke 101 . It should be understood that the overall strength of the stator iron core 10 and the heat distribution of the stator iron core 10 should be considered in the specific position of the shunt flow channel 14 .
  • the centerlines of the plurality of branch flow channels 14 in the radial direction and the centerlines of the plurality of through-flow channels 12 in the radial direction are staggered in the circumferential direction, so as to present a circumferential direction.
  • the position of each split flow channel 14 can be aligned with the teeth 102 between two adjacent through flow channels 12 . It should be understood, however, that the location of each split flow channel 14 may also be aligned with one of the through flow channels 12 .
  • the position of each sub-flow channel 14 may also have an overlapping portion with one or two adjacent through-flow channels 12 , which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the split flow channel 14 includes a first split flow channel 141 and a second split flow channel 142 , and the first split flow channel 141 and the second split flow channel 142 are respectively located in the first split flow channel 141 and the second split flow channel 142
  • the side portion 104 and the second side portion 105, and the first split flow channel 141 and the second split flow channel 142 are symmetrically arranged, and both the first split flow channel 141 and the second split flow channel 142 communicate with the flow guide channel 13 and the stator 100. outer space.
  • the inlet of the first split flow channel 141 is communicated with the guide flow channel 13 , the outlet of the first split flow channel 141 is opened on the end face of the first side portion 104 , and the cooling water flowing out through the outlet of the first split flow channel 141 Liquid can be ejected to the first end winding 23 .
  • the inlet of the second split flow channel 142 is communicated with the guide flow channel 13 , the outlet of the second split flow channel 142 is opened on the end face of the second side portion 105 , and the cooling liquid flowing out through the outlet of the second split flow channel 142 can be sprayed out to the second end winding 24 .
  • the specific structure of the split flow channel 14 can fully adapt to the liquid feeding method of the middle part 103 of the cooling liquid, so that when the cooling liquid enters the flow guide flow channel 13 from the middle part 103 of the stator core 10 , it can pass through the flow guide flow channel 13 .
  • the cooling liquid flows to the two ends of the stator iron core 10 in the axial direction, so that the cooling liquid can quickly dissipate heat to the two ends of the stator iron core 10, so that the temperature of the two ends of the stator iron core 10 can be relatively uniform and not As for the difference. That is, the temperature of the first side portion 104 and the second side portion 105 can be ensured to be uniform.
  • the number of the split flow channels 14 is also multiple, and the plurality of split flow channels 14 are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction and are located on the periphery of the plurality of through flow channels 12 , thereby presenting a plurality of split flow channels
  • the flow channels 14 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the stator core 10 . That is, the number of the first split flow channels 141 is plural, and the plurality of first split flow channels 141 are distributed on the first side portion 104 at intervals along the axial direction.
  • the number of the second branch flow channels 142 is also multiple, and the plurality of second branch flow channels 142 are distributed on the second side portion 105 at intervals along the circumferential direction.
  • the plurality of branch flow channels 14 are equally spaced along the circumferential direction, that is, the plurality of branch flow channels 14 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction.
  • the arrangement of the plurality of split flow passages 14 evenly distributed in the circumferential direction can make the temperature of the entire stator core 10 more uniform, and on the other hand, it can reduce the risk of the cooling liquid flowing on the basis of fully adapting to the fluidity of the cooling liquid.
  • the resulting unbalanced amount will increase the cooling fluid flow resistance due to the unbalanced amount, the fluidity of the cooling fluid will be challenged, and the possibility of the stator 100 being difficult to work normally is minimized, effectively ensuring the performance of the stator 100.
  • each first split flow channel 141 is communicated with one flow guide flow channel 13
  • the inlet of each second split flow channel 142 is communicated with one flow guide flow channel 13 .
  • the plurality of diversion flow channels 13 can be in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of branch flow channels 14, and the one-to-one and corresponding communication arrangement can ensure that the cooling liquid flows through each of the branch flow channels 14, Therefore, the cooling liquid can be uniformly distributed in various positions of the stator core 10 along the circumferential direction.
  • the liquid inlet channel 2120 , the guide channel 13 , the branch channel 14 and the through channel 12 together form the cooling channel of the motor 200 .
  • the design of the cooling channel of the motor 200 in this embodiment can make the cooling liquid flow into the guide channel 13 of the stator core 10 through the liquid inlet channel 2120 provided in the motor housing 210 .
  • a part of the cooling liquid flowing into the guide flow channel 13 will be ejected to the first end from the first through flow channel 121 provided on the first side part 104 and the first branch flow channel 141 provided on the first side part 104 to the first end
  • the end winding 23 and the other part will be ejected to the second end winding 24 from the second through-flow channel 122 provided on the second side portion 105 and the second shunt channel 142 provided on the second side portion 105 .
  • the cooling flow channel of the motor 200 takes into account the heat dissipation requirements of the stator iron core 10 and the stator coil 20, so that it can heat and cool the stator iron core 10 and the stator coil 20 together, which is beneficial to the performance of the diversified stator 100.
  • the high-speed operation of the motor 200 is guaranteed, the practicability is strong, and the application range is wide.
  • stator core 10 The formation principle of the stator core 10 in this embodiment will be described below.
  • each first punch 15 is further provided with a plurality of distribution grooves 153 , and the plurality of distribution grooves 153 on the same first punch 15 are along the circumferential direction The directions are arranged at intervals, and are located on the periphery of the plurality of sub-flow grooves 152 on the same first punch 15 .
  • the shunt grooves 153 of all the first punching pieces 15 forming the first side portion 104 communicate with each other and cooperate to form a plurality of along the circumferential direction
  • a plurality of first flow distribution channels 141 are spaced apart on the first side portion 104 and extend in the first side portion 104 along the axial direction.
  • the shunt grooves 153 of all the first punching pieces 15 forming the second side portion 105 communicate with each other and cooperate to form a plurality of spaced apart along the circumferential direction.
  • a plurality of second branch flow channels 142 are provided on the second side portion 105 and extending in the second side portion 105 in the axial direction.
  • the first punching piece 15 can take the form shown in FIG. 30 .
  • the second punching piece 16 matched with the first punching piece 15 can take the form shown in FIG. 20 . That is, the centerlines of all the second coil slots 161 on the same second punch 16 along the radial direction are alternately arranged with the centerlines of all the first guide slots 162 on the same second punch 16 along the radial direction.
  • the first punching piece 15 can present the shape shown in FIG. 31 .
  • the second punch 16 matched with the first punch 15 can take the form shown in FIG. 21 , that is, the centerline of each second coil slot 161 on the same second punch 16 along the radial direction, All of them are collinear with the center line of a first guide groove 162 on the same first punching piece 15 along the radial direction.
  • the first punching sheet 15 may take the form shown in FIG. 32 or FIG. 33 .
  • all the shunt grooves 153 of the same first punch 15 can be arranged in groups of two or three at intervals, wherein the irregular groove structures 155 on the first punch 15 can form the stubs of the stator core 10 in the future.
  • a part of the weld bead structure which is not strictly limited in this embodiment.
  • the second punching piece 16 matched with the first punching piece 15 can take the form shown in FIG. 34 .
  • the irregular groove structure 163 on the second punching piece 16 having the same shape as the first punching piece 15 may also form a part of the weld bead structure of the stator core 10 in the future, which is not strictly limited in this embodiment.
  • the slot structures at the same position of each punching piece can form a set positional relationship, for example, all the slot structures at the same position of each punching piece are completely overlapped to form the flow guide channels 13 and 13 of the stator core 10 .
  • Split flow channel 14 and through flow channel 12 can reduce the eddy current loss of the stator core 10 , and has strong practicability and wide application range.
  • the flow channel 13 includes a first flow guide flow channel 131 , two second flow guide flow channels 132 and two third flow guide flow channels 133 .
  • the first guide flow channel 131 extends in the radial direction and communicates with the liquid inlet flow channel 2120 of the peripheral structural member of the stator core 10 .
  • the two second diversion channels 132 are respectively located on both sides of the inlet of the first diversion channel 131 , and one second diversion channel 132 communicates with the first diversion channel 131 and the first split channel 141 , and the other A second guide flow channel 132 communicates with the first guide flow channel 131 and the second branch flow channel 142 .
  • the two third diversion channels 133 are respectively located on both sides of the outlet of the first diversion channel 131 , and one third diversion channel 133 communicates with the first diversion channel 131 and the first through-flow channel 121 .
  • the other third guide flow channel 133 communicates with the first flow guide flow channel 131 and the second through flow channel 122 .
  • the peripheral structural member of the stator core 10 may be the motor housing 210, but it should be understood that it is not limited thereto.
  • the coolant when the coolant flows into the first guide flow channel 131 , it can partially enter the second guide flow channel 132 through the drainage effect of the first guide flow channel 131 , Part of it enters the third diversion channel 133 .
  • the coolant entering the second diversion channel 132 may flow out from the first diversion channel 141 or the outlet of the second diversion channel 142 , and the cooling liquid entering the third diversion channel 133 may flow from the first through channel 121 or the outlet of the second through-flow channel 122 flows out.
  • the contact area between the cooling liquid and the stator iron core 10 can be further increased, so that the cooling liquid can contact the stator iron as much as possible in a limited space
  • the contact of the cores 10 fully ensures the heat dissipation area of the stator iron core 10 , which is beneficial to improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the stator iron core 10 .
  • the liquid inlet channel 2120 , the guide channel 13 , the branch channel 14 and the through channel 12 together form the cooling channel of the motor 200 .
  • the design of the cooling channel of the motor 200 in this embodiment can make the cooling liquid flow into the guide channel 13 of the stator core 10 through the liquid inlet channel 2120 provided in the motor housing 210 .
  • a part of the cooling liquid flowing into the guide flow channel 13 will be ejected to the first end from the first through flow channel 121 provided on the first side part 104 and the first branch flow channel 141 provided on the first side part 104 to the first end
  • the end winding 23 and the other part will be ejected to the second end winding 24 from the second through-flow channel 122 provided on the second side portion 105 and the second shunt channel 142 provided on the second side portion 105 .
  • the cooling flow channel of the motor 200 takes into account the heat dissipation requirements of the stator iron core 10 and the stator coil 20, so that it can heat and cool the stator iron core 10 and the stator coil 20 together, which is beneficial to the performance of the diversified stator 100.
  • the high-speed operation of the motor 200 is guaranteed, the practicability is strong, and the application range is wide.
  • stator core 10 The formation principle of the stator core 10 in this embodiment will be described below.
  • the stator core 10 includes a plurality of first punching pieces 15 , a plurality of second punching pieces 16 and a plurality of third punching pieces 17.
  • the plurality of first punching pieces 15 are stacked in the axial direction to form the first side portion 104 and the second side portion 105
  • the plurality of second punching pieces 16 are stacked in the axial direction
  • the plurality of third punching pieces 17 are arranged in the axial direction. They are stacked on both sides of the plurality of second punching pieces 16 to cooperate with the plurality of second punching pieces 16 to form the middle portion 103 .
  • All the first punching pieces 15 forming the first side portion 104, all the second punching pieces 16 and all the third punching pieces 17 forming the middle portion 103, and all the first punching pieces 15 forming the second side portion 105 are sequentially connected and formed together
  • the stator core 10 .
  • the materials of the first punching sheet 15 , the second punching sheet 16 and the third punching sheet 17 are all silicon steel, that is, the first punching sheet 15 and the second punching sheet 16 are both silicon steel sheets.
  • each first punch 15 is provided with a plurality of first coil slots 151 , a plurality of sub-flow slots 152 and a plurality of shunt slots 153 , and a plurality of first coils on the same first punch 15 are provided.
  • the slots 151 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction
  • the plurality of sub-flow slots 152 on the same first punch 15 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, and are one-to-one with the plurality of first coil slots 151 on the same first punch 15 Corresponding connection.
  • the plurality of distribution grooves 153 on the same first punch 15 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, and are located on the periphery of the plurality of sub-flow grooves 152 on the same first punch 15 .
  • the sub-flow grooves 152 of all the first punching pieces 15 forming the first side portion 104 communicate and cooperate to form a plurality of sub-flow grooves 152 along the circumferential direction.
  • a plurality of first through-flow grooves 1123 distributed in the first side portion 104 and extending in the first side portion 104 along the axial direction, wherein each of the first through-flow grooves 1123 penetrates the first through-flow groove 1123 along the axial direction. side portion 104 .
  • first through-flow groove 1123 can cooperate with the insulating member to form a first through-flow channel 121 located at the first side portion 104 for the cooling liquid to flow in it to provide cooling to the first side portion 104 and the first end winding. 23 for heat dissipation cooling.
  • distribution grooves 153 of all the first punching pieces 15 forming the first side portion 104 may also communicate with each other and cooperate to form a plurality of spaced apart distributions along the circumferential direction on the first side portion 104 and on the first side along the axial direction.
  • a plurality of first branch flow channels 141 extending in the portion 104 .
  • the sub-flow grooves 152 of all the first punching pieces 15 forming the second side portion 105 communicate and cooperate to form a plurality of spaced apart in the circumferential direction.
  • the second through-flow groove 1124 can cooperate with the insulating member to form a second through-flow channel 122 located at the second side portion 105 for the cooling liquid to flow in it to provide cooling to the second side portion 105 and the second end winding. 24 for heat dissipation cooling.
  • the shunt grooves 153 of all the first punching pieces 15 forming the second side portion 105 can also communicate with each other and cooperate to form a plurality of the second side portions 105 in the circumferential direction, and on the second side in the axial direction.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the sub-flow grooves 152 in the radial direction may be consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the flow-through grooves 112 in the radial direction as shown in FIGS. 8 to 12 , which is not specified in this embodiment of the present application. limit.
  • each second punch 16 is provided with a plurality of second coil slots 161 and a plurality of first guide slots 162 , and the plurality of second coil slots 161 on the same second punch 16 are along the circumference
  • the plurality of first diversion grooves 162 on the same second punch 16 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction, and are located at the periphery of the plurality of second coil slots 161 on the same second punch 16 .
  • each first guide groove 162 in the radial direction may gradually decrease from the first guide groove 162 to the second coil groove 161 to present a cup shape.
  • the first guiding grooves 162 of all the second punching pieces 16 communicate with each other and cooperate to form a plurality of first guiding grooves distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction.
  • Flow channel 131 Flow channel 131 .
  • each third punch 17 is provided with a plurality of third coil slots 171 , a plurality of second diversion slots 172 and a plurality of third diversion slots 173 .
  • the plurality of third coil slots 171 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction.
  • the plurality of second guide grooves 172 on the same third punching piece 17 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, and are located on the periphery of the plurality of third coil grooves 171 on the same third punching piece 17 .
  • the plurality of third guide grooves 173 on the same third punch 17 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, and are located between the plurality of third coil grooves 171 and the plurality of second guide grooves 172 on the same third punch 17 .
  • the cross-sectional shape of the third guide groove 173 in the radial direction may be rectangular.
  • All the second diversion grooves 172 of the same third punching piece 17 can be arranged in groups of three (not limited to three, but also one, two or more than three), wherein the third punching piece 17
  • the irregular groove structure on the upper can form the weld bead structure of the stator core 10 in the future.
  • the irregular slot structure can also form the weld bead structure of the stator core 10 in the future, which is not strictly limited in this embodiment.
  • the second diversion grooves 172 of all the third punching pieces 17 communicate and cooperate to form a plurality of second punching pieces 17 that are spaced apart along the circumferential direction.
  • the flow guide channels 132 and the third flow guide grooves 173 of all the third punching pieces 17 communicate with each other to form a plurality of third flow guide channels 133 distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction.
  • the first coil slots 151 of all the first punches 15 , the second coil slots 161 of all the second punches 16 , and the third coil slots 171 of all the third punches 17 communicate and cooperate to form a plurality of circumferential
  • the coil slots 111 are spaced apart in the direction, and each coil slot 111 extends from the first side portion 104 to the middle portion 103 and the second side portion 105 in sequence.
  • all punches can be stacked in the axial direction and in the circumferential direction.
  • the slot structures at the same position of each punching piece can form a set positional relationship, for example, all the slot structures at the same position of each punching piece are completely overlapped to form the stator core 10.
  • the guide flow channel 13 , the branch flow channel 14 and the through flow channel 12 can reduce the eddy current loss of the stator core 10 , and has strong practicability and wide application range.
  • the outer surface of the yoke 101 is recessed inward to form a connecting groove 106 extending in the axial direction.
  • the connecting groove 106 is connected with the inner surface 2102 of the motor housing 210 to form a connecting channel 18 , and the liquid inlet channel 18 is formed. 2120 communicates with the connecting flow channel 18 .
  • connection flow channel 18 By providing the connecting flow channel 18 , when the coolant flows into the connecting flow channel 18 , heat can be directly radiated to the stator core 10 .
  • the arrangement of connecting the runners 18 to form a double-layer runner inside the stator core 10 can share the heat dissipation load of the through-flow runners 12, thereby reducing the heat dissipation load of the through-flow runners 12, which is beneficial to further improve the performance of the stator core 10. cooling performance, thereby further ensuring the heat dissipation efficiency and heat dissipation reliability of the stator core 10 .
  • the number of the connecting flow channels 18 is multiple, the multiple connecting flow channels 18 are spaced apart along the circumferential direction, and are located on the periphery of the multiple through-flow flow channels 12 , so as to present the multiple connecting flow channels 18 along the stator iron.
  • the circumferentially spaced layout of the cores 10 is provided.
  • the plurality of connecting flow channels 18 are equally spaced along the circumferential direction, that is, the plurality of connecting flow channels 18 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction.
  • the arrangement of the plurality of connecting flow passages 18 evenly distributed along the circumferential direction can make the overall temperature of the stator core 10 more uniform, and on the other hand, on the basis of fully adapting to the fluidity of the cooling liquid, it can reduce the risk of the cooling liquid flowing.
  • the resulting unbalanced amount will increase the cooling fluid flow resistance due to the unbalanced amount, the fluidity of the cooling fluid will be challenged, and the possibility of the stator 100 being difficult to work normally is minimized, effectively ensuring the performance of the stator 100.
  • the stator 100 further includes a first end cover 40 and a second end cover 50 , and the first end cover 40 and the second end cover 50 are respectively connected to the casing of the stator 100 . Both ends are in contact with both ends in the axial direction of the stator core 10 .
  • the first end cover 40 is annular, and includes a first body 41 and a plurality of first protrusions 42 protruding from the first body 41 .
  • the plurality of first protrusions 42 are spaced apart along the circumferential direction and can be connected to the stator.
  • the iron core 10 is in contact with each other.
  • the first body 41 cooperates with the casing of the stator 100 and the stator iron core 10 to form a first equalizing flow channel 191 , and the first equalizing flow channel 191 communicates with the plurality of connecting flow channels 18 .
  • Each of the first protrusions 42 is provided with a first liquid outlet 43 extending through the first end cap 40 .
  • the first end cap 40 is a one-piece structure.
  • the second end cover 50 is annular, and includes a second body 51 and a plurality of second protrusions 52 protruding from the second body 51 .
  • the plurality of second protrusions 52 are spaced apart along the circumferential direction and can be connected to the stator.
  • the iron core 10 is in contact with each other.
  • the second body 51 cooperates with the casing of the stator 100 and the stator iron core 10 to form a second equalizing flow channel 192 , and the second equalizing flow channel 192 communicates with the plurality of connecting flow channels 18 .
  • Each of the second protrusions 52 is provided with a second liquid outlet 53 extending through the second end cap 50 .
  • the second end cap 50 is a one-piece structure.
  • each first liquid outlet 43 on the first end cover 40 is facing a gap between two adjacent second protrusions 52 on the second end cover 50 .
  • Each of the second liquid outlets 53 on the second end cover 50 is facing a gap between two adjacent first protrusions 42 on the first end cover 40 .
  • the two adjacent through-flow channels 12 communicate with the first liquid outlet 43 and the second liquid outlet 53 respectively, and the through-flow channels 12 in communication with the first liquid outlet 43 also communicate with the second equalizing flow.
  • the channel 192 is communicated with, and the flow channel 12 communicated with the second liquid outlet 53 is also communicated with the first equalizing channel 191 .
  • the outlets of the two adjacent through-flow channels 12 are the first liquid outlet 43 and the second liquid outlet 53 respectively, that is, among the two adjacent through-flow channels 12, one through-flow channel 12
  • the coolant will be sprayed from the first liquid outlet 43 of the first end cover 40 to the first end winding 23 , and the coolant of the other through-flow channel 12 will be ejected from the second liquid outlet of the second end cover 50 53 is ejected to the second end winding 24 .
  • the cooling liquid can pass through the three-layer flow channel (connecting the flow channel 18 , the first equalizing flow channel 191 and the through-flow channel 12 , or, connecting the flow channel 18 , the second equalizing flow channel 192 and the through-flow channel 12 )
  • the channel 12 flows out again, which can fully increase the contact area with the stator core 10, has strong heat dissipation capability and high cooling efficiency.
  • the connecting flow channel 18 , the first equalizing flow channel 191 and the second equalizing flow channel 192 are the aforementioned flow channels that can be connected to the inlet flow channel 2120 and the through-flow channel 12 .
  • the liquid inlet channel 2120 , the connecting channel 18 , the first equalizing channel 191 , the second equalizing channel 192 and the through-flow channel 12 together form the cooling channel of the motor 200 .
  • the design of the cooling channel of the motor 200 in this embodiment can make the cooling liquid flow into the connecting channel 18 through the liquid inlet channel 2120 provided on the motor housing 210 .
  • a part of the cooling liquid flowing into the connecting flow channel 18 will flow into the through-flow channel 12 from the first equalizing flow channel 191 provided on the first end cover 40 , and pass through the second end cover 50 communicated with the through-flow channel 12 .
  • the second liquid outlet 53 is ejected to the second end winding 24 .
  • the other part will flow into the through-flow channel 12 from the second equalizing flow channel 192 provided on the second end cover 50 , and will be ejected through the first liquid outlet 43 of the first end cover 40 that communicates with the through-flow channel 12 . to the first end winding 23 .
  • the cooling flow channel of the motor 200 takes into account the heat dissipation requirements of the stator iron core 10 and the stator coil 20, so that it can heat and cool the stator iron core 10 and the stator coil 20 together, which is beneficial to the performance of the diversified stator 100.
  • the high-speed operation of the motor 200 is guaranteed, the practicability is strong, and the application range is wide.
  • stator core 10 The formation principle of the stator core 10 in this embodiment will be described below.
  • the stator core 10 includes a plurality of first punches 15 , and the plurality of first punches 15 are stacked along the axial direction to form the stator core 10 .
  • the material of the first punching sheet 15 is silicon steel, that is, the first punching sheet 15 is all silicon steel sheet.
  • Each of the first punching pieces 15 is provided with a plurality of first coil slots 151 , a plurality of sub-flow slots 152 and a plurality of sub-connection slots 154 .
  • the plurality of first coil slots 151 on the same first punch 15 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the plurality of sub-flow slots 152 on the same first punch 15 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, and are different from those on the same first punch 15 .
  • the plurality of first coil slots 151 on the sheet 15 are connected in one-to-one correspondence.
  • the plurality of sub-connecting grooves 154 on the same first punch 15 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, and are located on the periphery of the plurality of sub-flow grooves 152 on the same first punch 15 .
  • the first coil slots 151 on all the first punching pieces 15 are connected and cooperate to form a plurality of coil slots 111 spaced apart along the circumferential direction, wherein each coil The slots 111 penetrate both axial ends of the stator core 10 in the axial direction.
  • the sub-flow grooves 152 of all the first punching pieces 15 communicate with each other to form a plurality of through-flow grooves 112 distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction and extending in the axial direction, wherein each through-flow groove 112 is along the The axial direction penetrates both axial ends of the stator core 10 .
  • the through-flow groove 112 can cooperate with the insulating member to form the through-flow channel 12 for the cooling liquid to flow therein to dissipate and cool the stator core 10 and the stator coil 20 .
  • the cross-sectional shape of the sub-flow grooves 152 in the radial direction may be consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the flow-through grooves 112 in the radial direction as shown in FIGS. 8 to 12 , which is not specified in this embodiment of the present application. limit.
  • the sub-connecting grooves 154 of all the first punching pieces 15 communicate and cooperate to form a plurality of connecting grooves 106 that are spaced apart in the circumferential direction and extend in the axial direction.
  • the connecting groove 106 can also cooperate with the inner surface 2102 of the motor housing 210 to form a connecting flow channel 18 for the cooling liquid to flow therein to dissipate and cool the stator core 10 .
  • the slot structures at the same position of each punching piece can form a set positional relationship, for example, all the slot structures at the same position of each punching piece are completely overlapped to form the connecting flow channel 18 and the flow channel 12 of the stator core 10 .
  • the stacked assembly design can reduce the eddy current loss of the stator core 10 , and has strong practicability and wide application range.
  • the arrangement of the through-flow channels 12 formed by the through-flow grooves 112 and the insulating members in the embodiments of the present application can, on the one hand, be possible without adding additional flow channels. , a cooling temperature gain of 20°C to 30°C can be achieved, thereby effectively increasing the heat dissipation capability of the stator 100 .
  • the designed heat transfer path of the through-flow channel 12 is shorter, which can effectively increase the contact area with the stator iron core 10, and can also take into account the joint heat dissipation of the stator coil 20 and the stator iron core 10, and the heat dissipation efficiency is high.

Abstract

本申请提供一种定子、电机、动力总成及电动车。定子包括定子铁芯和密封件;定子铁芯包括轭部和多个齿部,齿部的齿根连接至轭部,齿部的齿顶远离轭部,相邻两个齿部之间形成开槽;开槽包括相互连通的线圈槽和通流槽,线圈槽自齿顶延伸至齿根,线圈槽用于容纳定子线圈,通流槽自齿根延伸至轭部;密封件连接至开槽的内壁,且与通流槽的内壁共同形成用于供冷却液流过的通流流道。本申请的技术方案能够在保证电机的定子的散热可靠性的基础上降低加工成本。

Description

定子、电机、动力总成及电动车
本申请要求于2020年11月25日提交中国专利局、申请号为202011340619.9、申请名称为“定子、电机、动力总成及电动车”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电动车辆技术领域,尤其涉及一种定子、电机、动力总成及电动车。
背景技术
随着电动车辆的发展,电动车总成朝着高速化、高功率密度的方向发展,电机的热耗密度也越来越高,散热成为电机设计的一个重要挑战,电机能否进行良好的散热直接影响电机的工作可靠性及整车性能。电机包括定子,通常需要针对定子做相应的散热设计,然而现有的电机的定子的散热设计成本高昂且可靠性低。
发明内容
本申请的实施例提供一种定子、电机、动力总成及电动车,能够在保证电机的定子的散热可靠性的基础上降低加工成本。
第一方面,本申请提供一种定子,所述定子包括定子铁芯和密封件;
所述定子铁芯包括轭部和多个齿部,所述齿部的齿根连接至所述轭部,所述齿部的齿顶远离所述轭部,相邻两个所述齿部之间形成开槽;
所述开槽包括相互连通的线圈槽和通流槽,所述线圈槽自所述齿顶延伸至所述齿根,所述线圈槽用于容纳定子线圈,所述通流槽自所述齿根延伸至所述轭部;
所述密封件连接至所述开槽的内壁,且与所述通流槽的内壁共同形成用于供冷却液流过的通流流道。
由此,通过在相邻两个齿部之间形成由齿部延伸至轭部的开槽,且将开槽划分出通流槽和线圈槽的两个功能空间,能够使得线圈槽能够容纳定子线圈,而通流槽能够供冷却液通流,两者之间相互独立而互不干扰。也即为,能够使开槽具备容置定子线圈和供冷却液通流的两个独立的功能空间。此设置相对于冷却液需在线圈槽内通流的现有方案,一方面,能够将因流道狭窄而导致冷却液流阻增大,冷却液的流动性经受挑战,定子线圈难以正常散热的可能性降低到最小,有利于保证冷却液有足够的流动空间,减小冷却液流动时会产生的不平衡量,提高定子铁芯的散热性能。另一方面,由于无需在线圈槽内引流,能够使得定子线圈穿设于线圈槽内部分的形态可采用相对简单的工艺制成,能够在保证定子散热可靠性的基础上大幅度减小整体的加工成本和物料管理成本,有利于提高生产效率。
另外,由于通流槽的内壁和密封件能够配合形成供冷却液流过的通流流道,从而使得冷却液流动在通流流道时,一方面,能够因直接接触定子铁芯而充分的对定子铁芯进行散热,另一方面,能够在确保通流流道密封可靠性的基础上使冷却液能够最大程度的接近定子线圈,确保定子线圈中应当进行散热的区域得到良好的散热,从而可以对定子线圈进行充分的冷却,以保证定子线圈的散热性能,可靠性强。
而通流流道整体位于轭部并靠近齿部的齿根,此结构设置相对于在相邻两个线圈槽之间开供冷却液流过的流道(也即为在未设置线圈槽的齿部开流道)的现有方案,能够将对电机的电磁性能的影响降低到最小,从而使电机在各种工况下都能够正常运转,有利于电机的高速化发展趋势。
一种可能的实施方式中,所述定子还包括定子线圈,所述定子线圈包括芯部,所述芯部穿设于所述线圈槽;
所述密封件位于所述芯部和所述线圈槽之间,且所述密封件包覆所述线圈槽的内壁。
由此,密封件不仅连接至开槽的内壁,密封件还包覆线圈槽的内壁,从而使得线圈槽的内壁均被密封件覆盖,也即密封件紧密贴合线圈槽的内壁,不易脱落,且便于生产管理。由此,能够在芯部穿设于线圈槽时,有效避免定子铁芯和定子线圈相互刮蹭,即定子铁芯的边角或突出锐利的地方磨破芯部而造成短路,能够起到良好的缓冲作用。
可以理解的是,由于密封件还需与通流槽的内壁配合形成通流流道。故而为保证密封件整体性不被破坏,密封件无需像现有方案一样进行打孔引流。一方面,工艺复杂度低,能够有效减少需对密封件进行额外作业而带来的物料、加工、生产和管理成本。另一方面,无需在线圈槽内通流,能够有效减少为了保证线圈槽的槽内密封性和冷却液绝缘性所带来的工艺难度和成本的提升,实用性强,应用范围广泛。例如,现有技术的线圈槽内通流可能为在线圈槽内沿定子线圈的两侧或一侧通流,但应当理解,现有技术中线圈槽内通流的方式并不局限于此。
示例性地,由于无需线圈槽槽内通流,故而无需对密封件打孔,从而相对于现有方案中为了保持定子线圈的铜线形态而采用的扁线工艺,本申请实施例所提供的定子线圈可采用工艺相对简单的圆线工艺制成。但应当理解,本申请实施例的密封件的设置同样能够适应扁线工艺,并不以此为限。
一种可能的实施方式中,密封件为绝缘纸。
由此,密封件具备绝缘性,从而不仅能够与通流槽的内壁配合形成通流流道,同时,密封件还能够在定子线圈和定子铁芯之间形成良好的绝缘性,使定子线圈和定子铁芯之间彼此绝缘。也即为,密封件能够兼具密封和绝缘的双重功能,从而多元化了密封件的使用性能,灵活性强。而此设置下,由于密封件与定子线圈直接接触,从而使冷却液在通流流道内流动时,定子线圈的热量能够通过密封件传递给冷却液,定子线圈的散热路径短、链路热阻小,有利于大扭矩工况下定子线圈的散热。又因冷却液还直接接触定子铁芯,故而冷却液能够兼顾对定子铁芯和定子线圈的冷却,显著提升了定子铁芯和定子线圈的散热能力。
一种可能的实施方式中,所述定子线圈还包括连接于所述芯部的端部绕组,所述端部绕组位于所述定子铁芯的外侧,所述通流流道的出口朝向所述端部绕组。
具体而言,由于端部绕组包括第一端部绕组和第二端部绕组,故而通流流道的出口为两个。一个通流流道的出口开设于定子铁芯的一端,另一个通流流道的出口开设于定子铁芯的另一端。
由此,当冷却液在通流流道内流动时,能够对定子线圈的芯部进行散热。而当冷却液经由通流流道流出时,一部分能够从定子铁芯的一端流出而对第一端部绕组进行散热,另一部分能够从定子铁芯的另一端流出而对第二端部绕组进行散热,实现了电机内定子绕组两个端部均衡散热的目的,使得电机的散热更佳。换言之,冷却液不仅能够冷却芯部,而且还能够冷却端部绕组。即冷却液能够兼顾对芯部和端部绕组的冷却,从而使得定子线圈整体的热阻降低,散热均匀,可靠性强,有利于提高电机散热能力,降低电机温升。
一种可能的实施方式中,所述通流槽包括主体部分和至少一个分支部分,所述主体部分与所述线圈槽连通,至少一个所述分支部分间隔分布在所述主体部分的周侧,且与所述主体部分连通。
由此,通过增加分支部分,使得冷却液不仅能够在主体部分流动,还能够在分支部分流动。而分支部分的增加,等同于增加了通流槽的槽壁面积。换言之,等同于增大了冷却液与定子铁芯的接触面积,从而能够进一步的增强定子的散热冷却性能。
一种可能的实施方式中,所述通流槽为对称结构。
由此,无论通流槽仅包括主体部分还是包括主体部分和分支部分,都能使通流槽的加工更为简便,节省物料和生产管理的成本。
一种可能的实施方式中,所述轭部还设有沿径向方向延伸的导流流道;
所述导流流道的进口开设于所述轭部的外表面,且用于将所述定子铁芯的外围结构件的进液流道中的冷却液引导至所述定子铁芯,所述导流流道的出口与所述通流流道的进口的至少部分连通。
可以理解的是,定子铁芯的外围结构件整体位于定子铁芯的外围并靠近定子铁芯设置,能够与定子铁芯存在直接或间接的连接关系。由此,在定子铁芯的外围结构件上设置进液流道,并使导流流道连接于进液流道和通流流道之间,能够将冷却液通过进液流道的引流作用而引导至定子铁芯的导流流道中,并通过导流流道的导向作用而将冷却液引导至通流流道,从而使冷却液在通流流道中流动而兼顾定子铁芯和定子线圈的散热,散热效率高。
示例性地,定子铁芯的外围结构件可以为电机壳体,但应当理解,并不以此为限。
另外,区别于沿轴向方向延伸的通流流道,导流流道沿径向方向延伸。由此,能够以最短的距离将冷却液导向至通流流道中。此设置下,冷却液的传热路径短、流阻小,能够最大可能的避免定子铁芯局部产生较大的温差。
示例性地,导流流道的出口与通流流道的进口部分连通。由此,流入导流流道的冷却液能够具备流动性而顺利流入通流流道中,且由于导流流道的出口与通流流道的进口不需要完全连通,使得定子铁芯的加工制造过程更为简便。
或者,导流流道的出口与通流流道的进口完全连通。
基于上述描述,应当理解,可以通过改变导流流道的出口与通流流道的进口的连通程度以控制冷却液的流量和流动速度,以保证通流流道中冷却液的流动可靠性和均匀性。
一种可能的实施方式中,所述轭部还设有沿轴向方向延伸的分流流道,所述分流流道相对所述通流流道远离所述齿部,所述分流流道的进口与所述导流流道连通,所述分流流道的出口开设于所述轭部的端面;
所述分流流道在所述径向方向上的一端敞开,所述分流流道在所述径向方向上的另一端封闭;或者,
所述分流流道在所述径向方向上的两端均封闭。
通过设置分流流道,能够使冷却液流入分流流道时,能够直接对定子铁芯进行散热,相对于仅通流流道承担定子铁芯和定子线圈的散热,额外设置分流流道而使定子铁芯内部形成双层流道,能够分担通流流道的散热负荷,使得通流流道的散热负荷减轻,有利于进一步提高定子铁芯的冷却性能,从而进一步保证定子铁芯的散热效率和散热可靠性。
另外,可根据定子铁芯的实际情况对分流流道的形态进行选取,只需满足分流流道设置在轭部的边缘或靠近轭部的边缘设置即可。应当理解,分流流道的具体位置需考虑定子铁芯的整体强度和定子铁芯的热量分布。
一种可能的实施方式中,所述定子铁芯包括中部和分别连接于所述中部两端的第一侧部和第二侧部,所述轭部和所述齿部均从所述第一侧部依次延伸至所述中部和所述第二侧部,所述导流流道位于所述中部。
换言之,导流流道位于定子铁芯轴向长度的中间位置。由此,冷却液进入进液流道后,能够从定子铁芯的中部位置进油。此设置下,电机运行在高速额定工况时,能够快速对易发生最高温度的定子铁芯的中部位置进行换热降温,将定子铁芯因过热而导致失效的可能性降低到最小,使得定子铁芯不会因局部超温而损坏,可靠性强。
一种可能的实施方式中,所述通流流道包括第一通流流道和第二通流流道,所述第一通流流道和所述第二通流流道分别位于所述第一侧部和所述第二侧部,且所述第一通流流道和所述第二通流流道对称设置,所述第一通流流道和所述第二通流流道均连通所述导流流道和所述定子外空间。
由此,通流流道的具体结构能够充分适应冷却液的中部进液方式,使得冷却液从定子铁芯的中部进入导流流道时,能够通过导流流道的分流作用而使冷却液沿轴向方向向定子铁芯的两端流动,从而使冷却液可以快速对定子铁芯的两端进行散热,使得定子铁芯的两端的温度能够较为均匀而不至于差异过大。也即,能够保证第一侧部和第二侧部温度均匀。
一种可能的实施方式中,所述分流流道包括第一分流流道和第二分流流道,所述第一分流流道和所述第二分流流道分别位于所述第一侧部和所述第二侧部,且所述第一分流流道和所述第二分流流道对称设置,所述第一分流流道和所述第二分流流道均连通所述导流流道和所述定子外空间。
由此,分流流道的具体结构能够充分适应冷却液的中部进液方式,使得冷却液从定子铁芯的中部进入导流流道时,能够通过导流流道的分流作用而使冷却液沿轴向方向向定子铁芯的两端流动,从而使冷却液可以快速对定子铁芯的两端进行散热,使得定子铁芯的两端的温度能够较为均匀而不至于差异过大。也即,能够保证第一侧部和第二侧部温度均匀。
一种可能的实施方式中,所述导流流道包括一个第一导流流道、两个第二导流流道和两个第三导流流道,所述第一导流流道与所述定子铁芯的外围结构件的进液流道连通;
两个所述第二导流流道分别位于所述第一导流流道的入口的两侧,且一个所述第二导流流道连通所述第一导流流道和第一分流流道,另一个所述第二导流流道连通所述第一导流流道和第二分流流道;
两个所述第三导流流道分别位于所述第一导流流道的出口的两侧,且一个所述第三导流流道连通所述第一导流流道和第一通流流道,另一个所述第三导流流道连通所述第一导流流道和第二通流流道。
由此,使得冷却液流入第一导流流道时,能通过第一导流流道的引流作用而部分进入第二导流流道,部分进入第三导流流道。而进入第二导流流道的冷却液可从第一分流流道或第二分流流道的出口流出,进入第三导流流道的冷却液可从第一通流流道或第二通流流道的出口流出。通过将导流流道设计为多个流道的组合形式,能够使得冷却液与定子铁芯的接触面积进一步增大,从而使得冷却液能够在有限的空间内尽可能多的与定子铁芯接触,充分保证定子铁芯的散热面积,有利于提高定子铁芯的散热效率。
一种可能的实施方式中,所述通流流道的数量为多个,多个所述通流流道沿周向方向间隔分布,所述导流流道的数量亦为多个,多个所述导流流道沿所述周向方向间隔分布;
每一所述第一通流流道的进口均与一个所述导流流道的出口连通,每一所述第一通流流道的出口均开设于所述第一侧部的端面,每一所述第二通流流道的进口均与一个所述导流流 道的出口连通,每一所述第二通流流道的出口均开设于所述第二侧部的端面;或者,
每一所述第一通流流道的进口均与两个相邻的所述导流流道的出口连通,每一所述第一通流流道的出口均开设于所述第一侧部的端面,每一所述第二通流流道的进口均与两个相邻的所述导流流道的出口连通,每一所述第二通流流道的出口均开设于所述第二侧部的端面。
示例性地,多个通流流道沿周向方向等间距分布,也即为,多个通流流道沿周向方向均匀分布。而多个通流流道沿周向方向均匀分布的设置一方面能够使得定子铁芯整体的温度较为均匀,另一方面能够在充分适应冷却液流动性的基础上,减少冷却液流动时会产生的不平衡量,从而将因不平衡量的产生而造成冷却液流阻升高,冷却液的流动性经受挑战,定子难以正常工作的可能性降低到最小,有效保证定子的使用性能。
由此,多个导流流道能够与多个通流流道一对一而对应连通,一对一而对应连通的设置能够保证每一个通流流道中均会有冷却液流过,使得冷却液能够沿周向方向均匀的分布在定子铁芯的各个位置。或者,
多个导流流道与多个通流流道的对应关系为,一个导流流道对应两个相邻的通流流道。具体而言,当冷却液进入其中一个导流流道时,一部分会进入此导流流道对应的两个相邻的通流流道中的一个通流流道,另一部分会进入此导流流道对应的两个相邻的通流流道中的另一个通流流道。
也即为,每一通流流道中的冷却液均可来自两个相邻的导流流道。此设置下,能够使得相邻的两个导流流道的冷却液相互补足。保证即使其中一个导流流道的冷却液流入通流流道中的流量较小,但因另一个导流流道的存在,使得每一通流流道中均会有足够的冷却液流过,可靠性强,能够达到有效散热的目的。
一种可能的实施方式中,所述分流流道的数量亦为多个,多个所述分流流道沿所述周向方向间隔分布,且位于多个所述通流流道的外围;
每一所述第一分流流道均位于所述第一侧部,每一所述第一分流流道的进口均与一个所述导流流道连通,每一所述第一分流流道的出口均开设于所述第一侧部的端面;
每一所述第二分流流道均位于所述第二侧部,每一所述第二分流流道的进口均与一个所述导流流道连通,每一所述第二分流流道的出口均开设于所述第二侧部的端面。
示例性地,多个分流流道沿周向方向等间距分布,也即为,多个分流流道沿周向方向均匀分布。而多个分流流道沿周向方向均匀分布的设置一方面能够使得定子铁芯整体的温度较为均匀,另一方面能够在充分适应冷却液流动性的基础上,减少冷却液流动时会产生的不平衡量,从而将因不平衡量的产生而造成冷却液流阻升高,冷却液的流动性经受挑战,定子难以正常工作的可能性降低到最小,有效保证定子的使用性能。
一种可能的实施方式中,所述定子铁芯包括多个第一冲片和多个第二冲片,多个所述第一冲片层叠形成所述第一侧部和所述第二侧部,多个所述第二冲片层叠形成所述中部;
形成所述第一侧部的所有第一冲片、形成所述中部的所有第二冲片和形成所述第二侧部的所有第一冲片依次连接而配合形成所述定子铁芯。
由此,通过设置两种形态不同的第一冲片和第二冲片,能够在所有冲片沿轴向方向层叠,且沿周向方向轮廓完全重叠时,一方面,能够根据产品的需要,各个冲片同一位置的槽结构可以形成设定的位置关系,例如各个冲片同一位置的所有槽结构完全重叠,以形成定子铁芯的导流流道、分流流道和通流流道。另一方面,此种层叠组装设计能够降低定子铁芯的涡流损耗,实用性强,应用范围广泛。
一种可能的实施方式中,每一所述第一冲片上均设有多个第一线圈槽,同一所述第一冲 片上的多个所述第一线圈槽沿所述周向方向间隔设置;
每一所述第二冲片上均设有多个第二线圈槽,同一所述第二冲片上的多个所述第二线圈槽沿所述周向方向间隔设置;
所有所述第一冲片的所述第一线圈槽和所有所述第二冲片的所述第二线圈槽连通且配合形成多个沿所述周向方向间隔分布的所述线圈槽,每一所述线圈槽均从所述第一侧部依次延伸至所述中部和所述第二侧部。
一种可能的实施方式中,每一所述第二冲片上还设有多个第一导流槽,同一所述第二冲片上的多个所述第一导流槽沿所述周向方向间隔设置,且位于同一所述第二冲片上的多个所述第二线圈槽的外围;
所有所述第二冲片的第一导流槽连通且配合形成多个沿所述周向方向间隔分布的多个所述导流流道。
示例性地,多个导流流道沿周向方向等间距分布,也即为,多个导流流道沿周向方向均匀分布。而多个导流流道沿周向方向均匀分布的设置一方面能够使得定子铁芯整体的温度较为均匀,另一方面能够在充分适应冷却液流动性的基础上,减少冷却液流动时会产生的不平衡量,从而将因不平衡量的产生而造成冷却液流阻升高,冷却液的流动性经受挑战,定子难以正常工作的可能性降低到最小,有效保证定子的使用性能。
一种可能的实施方式中,同一所述第二冲片上的每一所述第二线圈槽沿所述径向方向的中心线,均与同一所述第二冲片上的一个所述第一导流槽沿所述径向方向的中心线共线。
由此,当所有冲片冲压形成定子铁芯时,能够形成多个通流流道与多个导流流道一对一而对应连通的流道设置,一对一而对应连通的流道设置能够保证每一个通流流道中均会有冷却液流过,使得冷却液能够沿周向方向均匀的分布在定子铁芯的各个位置。
或者,同一所述第二冲片上的所有所述第二线圈槽沿所述径向方向的中心线,与同一所述第二冲片上的所有所述第一导流槽沿所述径向方向的中心线交错排布。
由此,当所有冲片冲压形成定子铁芯时,能够形成一个通流流道对应两个相邻的导流流道的流道设置。此设置下,能够使得相邻的两个导流流道的冷却液相互补足。保证即使其中一个导流流道的冷却液流入通流流道中的流量较小,但因另一个导流流道的存在,使得每一通流流道中均会有足够的冷却液流过,可靠性强,能够达到有效散热的目的。
一种可能的实施方式中,所述定子铁芯包括多个第一冲片、多个第二冲片和多个第三冲片;
多个所述第一冲片层叠形成所述第一侧部和所述第二侧部,多个所述第二冲片层叠设置,多个所述第三冲片层叠设置在多个所述第二冲片的两侧,以与多个所述第二冲片配合形成所述中部;
形成所述第一侧部的所有第一冲片、形成所述中部的所有第二冲片和所有第三冲片及形成所述第二侧部的所有第一冲片依次连接而配合形成所述定子铁芯。
由此,通过设置三种形态不同的第一冲片、第二冲片和第三冲片,能够在所有冲片沿轴向方向层叠,且沿周向方向轮廓完全重叠时,一方面,能够根据产品的需要,各个冲片同一位置的槽结构可以形成设定的位置关系,例如各个冲片同一位置的所有槽结构完全重叠,以形成定子铁芯的导流流道、分流流道和通流流道。另一方面,此种层叠组装设计能够降低定子铁芯的涡流损耗,实用性强,应用范围广泛。
一种可能的实施方式中,每一所述第一冲片上均设有多个第一线圈槽,同一所述第一冲片上的多个所述第一线圈槽沿所述周向方向间隔设置;
每一所述第二冲片上均设有多个第二线圈槽,同一所述第二冲片上的多个所述第二线圈槽沿所述周向方向间隔设置;
每一所述第三冲片上均设有多个第三线圈槽,同一所述第三冲片上的多个所述第三线圈槽沿所述周向方向间隔设置;
所有所述第一冲片的所述第一线圈槽、所有所述第二冲片的所述第二线圈槽、所有所述第三冲片的所述第三线圈槽连通且配合形成多个沿所述周向方向间隔分布的所述线圈槽,每一所述线圈槽均从所述第一侧部依次延伸至所述中部和所述第二侧部。
一种可能的实施方式中,每一所述第二冲片上还设有多个第一导流槽,同一所述第二冲片上的多个所述第一导流槽沿所述周向方向间隔设置,且位于同一所述第二冲片上的多个所述第二线圈槽的外围;
每一所述第三冲片上还设有多个第二导流槽和多个第三导流槽,同一所述第三冲片上的多个所述第二导流槽沿所述周向方向间隔设置,且位于同一所述第三冲片上的多个所述第三线圈槽的外围,同一所述第三冲片上的多个所述第三导流槽沿所述周向方向间隔设置,且位于同一所述第三冲片的多个所述第三线圈槽和多个所述第二导流槽之间;
所有所述第二冲片的第一导流槽连通且配合形成多个沿所述周向方向间隔分布的多个所述第一导流流道;
所有所述第三冲片的第二导流槽连通且配合形成多个沿所述周向方向间隔分布的多个所述第二导流流道;
所有所述第三冲片的第三导流槽连通且配合形成多个沿所述周向方向间隔分布的多个所述第三导流流道。
一种可能的实施方式中,所述通流槽包括位于所述第一侧部的第一通流槽和位于所述第二侧部的第二通流槽;
每一所述第一冲片上还设有多个子通流槽,同一所述第一冲片上的多个所述子通流槽沿所述周向方向间隔设置,且与位于同一所述第一冲片上的多个所述第一线圈槽一一对应连通;
形成所述第一侧部的所有第一冲片的子通流槽连通且配合形成多个沿所述周向方向间隔分布,且沿所述轴向方向延伸的多个所述第一通流槽;
形成所述第二侧部的所有第一冲片的子通流槽连通且配合形成多个沿所述周向方向间隔分布,且沿所述轴向方向延伸的多个所述第二通流槽。
一种可能的实施方式中,每一所述第一冲片上还设有多个分流槽,同一所述第一冲片上的多个所述分流槽沿所述周向方向间隔设置,且位于同一所述第一冲片上的多个所述子通流槽的外围;
形成所述第一侧部的所有第一冲片的分流槽相互连通且配合形成多个沿所述周向方向间隔分布,且沿所述轴向方向延伸的多个所述第一分流流道;
形成所述第二侧部的所有第一冲片的分流槽相互连通且配合形成多个沿所述周向方向隔分布,且沿所述轴向方向延伸的多个所述第二分流流道。
第二方面,本申请还提供一种电机,所述电机包括电机壳体和如上所述的定子,所述定子收容于所述电机壳体内部。
一种可能的实施方式中,所述电机壳体的内表面设有环形的进液流道,所述电机壳体的外表面设有用于供冷却液流入的进液口,所述进液口与所述进液流道连通;
所述进液流道与所述轭部的导流流道连通;或者,
所述轭部的外表面向内凹陷形成沿所述轴向方向延伸的连接槽,所述连接槽与所述电机 壳体的内表面连接而配合形成连接流道,所述进液流道与所述连接流道连通。
由此,可根据实际情况对进液流道的连接关系进行选取,灵活性强。
可以理解的是,通过在电机壳体的外表面开设进液口,能够为电机壳体外部的冷却液提供导向作用,使得冷却液能够通过进入进液口而流入电机壳体的进液流道,进而为后续进入定子铁芯的流道做准备,能够确保冷却液能够在电机内部进行流动而不会溅洒至电机外部,有效保证电机整体的散热效果。而进液流道呈环形,能够使得冷却液在其内流动时,能够在电机壳体的周向上均匀分布。换言之,进液流道具有均流作用,能够将经进液口流入的冷却液均匀的分配至电机壳体的周向,有利于冷却液后续与定子铁芯的充分的接触。
示例性地,进液流道可位于电机壳体轴向长度的中间位置。由此,进液流道距定子铁芯轴向两端的距离大体相等。此设置能够使得冷却液后续流入定子铁芯,并一部分从定子铁芯的一端流出,另一部分从定子铁芯的另一端流出时,此两部分的冷却液在定子铁芯内的通流路径能够大致相等,从而最大程度的缩短从两端流出的此两部分的冷却液的传热路径,有效避免定子铁芯两端之间产生较大的温差,大幅度减少电机整体的加工成本和物料管理成本,有利于提高电机的散热效率。
一种可能的实施方式中,所述电机还包括第一端盖和第二端盖,所述第一端盖和所述第二端盖分别连接于所述定子壳体的两端且与所述定子铁芯的轴向两端抵接;
所述连接流道的数量为多个,多个所述连接流道沿所述周向方向间隔分布;
所述第一端盖包括第一本体和凸设于所述第一本体上的多个第一凸部,多个所述第一凸部沿所述周向方向间隔分布且与所述定子铁芯抵接,每一所述第一凸部上均设有一个贯穿所述第一端盖的第一出液口,所述第一本体与所述定子壳体和所述定子铁芯配合形成第一均流流道,所述第一均流流道与多个所述连接流道连通;
所述第二端盖包括第二本体和凸设于所述第二本体上的多个第二凸部,多个所述第二凸部沿所述周向方向间隔分布且与所述定子铁芯抵接,每一所述第二凸部上均设有一个贯穿所述第二端盖的第二出液口,所述第二本体与所述定子壳体和所述定子铁芯配合形成第二均流流道,所述第二均流流道与多个所述连接流道连通;
相邻两个所述通流流道分别与所述第一出液口和所述第二出液口连通,与所述第一出液口连通的通流流道还与所述第二均流流道连通,与所述第二出液口连通的通流流道还与所述第一均流流道连通。
可以理解的是,当第一端盖和第二端盖层叠设置时,第一端盖的第一出液口与第二端盖的第二出液口并非正对设置,而是错位设置。也即为,第一端盖上的每一第一出液口均正对第二端盖上的相邻两个第二凸部之间的一个间隙。第二端盖上的每一第二出液口均正对第一端盖上的相邻两个第一凸部之间的一个间隙。
由此,相邻两个通流流道的出口分别为第一出液口和第二出液口,也即为,相邻两个通流流道中,一个通流流道的冷却液会从第一端盖的第一出液口喷出至第一端部绕组,另一个通流流道的冷却液会从第二端盖的第二出液口喷出至第二端部绕组。此设置下,冷却液能够经由三层流道(连接流道、第一均流流道和通流流道,或者,连接流道、第二均流流道和通流流道)再流出,能够充分增大与定子铁芯的接触面积,散热能力强,冷却效率高。
一种可能的实施方式中,所述定子铁芯包括多个第一冲片,多个所述第一冲片层叠形成所述定子铁芯;
每一所述第一冲片上均设有多个第一线圈槽,同一所述第一冲片上的多个所述第一线圈槽沿所述周向方向间隔设置;
所有所述第一冲片上的所述第一线圈槽连通且配合形成多个沿所述周向方向间隔分布的所述线圈槽。
一种可能的实施方式中,每一所述第一冲片上还设有多个子通流槽,同一所述第一冲片上的多个所述子通流槽沿所述周向方向间隔设置,且与位于同一所述第一冲片上的多个所述第一线圈槽一一对应连通;
形成所述定子铁芯的所有第一冲片的子通流槽连通且配合形成多个沿所述周向方向间隔分布,且沿所述轴向方向延伸的多个所述通流槽。
一种可能的实施方式中,每一所述第一冲片上还设有多个子连接槽,同一所述第一冲片上的多个所述子连接槽沿所述周向方向间隔设置,且位于同一所述第一冲片上的多个所述子通流槽的外围;
形成所述定子铁芯的所有第一冲片的子连接槽连通且配合形成多个沿所述周向方向间隔分布,且沿所述轴向方向延伸的多个所述连接槽。
第三方面,本申请还提供一种动力总成,所述动力总成包括电机控制器和如上所述的电机,所述电机控制器与所述电机电连接。
第四方面,本申请还提供一种电动车,所述电动车包括车架和如上所述的动力总成,所述动力总成安装于所述车架上。
本申请的技术方案通过在相邻两个齿部之间形成由齿部延伸至轭部的开槽,且将开槽划分出通流槽和线圈槽的两个功能空间,能够使得线圈槽能够容纳定子线圈,而通流槽能够供冷却液通流,两者之间相互独立而互不干扰。也即为,能够使开槽具备容置定子线圈和供冷却液通流的两个独立的功能空间。此设置相对于冷却液需在线圈槽内通流的现有方案,一方面,能够将因流道狭窄而导致冷却液流阻增大,冷却液的流动性经受挑战,定子线圈难以正常散热的可能性降低到最小,有利于保证冷却液有足够的流动空间,减小冷却液流动时会产生的不平衡量,提高定子铁芯的散热性能。另一方面,由于无需在线圈槽内引流,能够使得定子线圈穿设于线圈槽内部分的形态可采用相对简单的工艺制成,能够在保证定子散热可靠性的基础上大幅度减小整体的加工成本和物料管理成本,有利于提高生产效率。另外,由于通流槽的内壁和密封件能够配合形成供冷却液流过的通流流道,从而使得冷却液流动在通流流道时,一方面,能够因直接接触定子铁芯而充分的对定子铁芯进行散热,另一方面,能够在确保通流流道密封可靠性的基础上使冷却液能够最大程度的接近定子线圈,确保定子线圈中应当进行散热的区域得到良好的散热,从而可以对定子线圈进行充分的冷却,以保证定子线圈的散热性能,可靠性强。而通流流道整体位于轭部并靠近齿部的齿根,此结构设置相对于在相邻两个线圈槽之间开供冷却液流过的流道(也即为在未设置线圈槽的齿部开流道)的现有方案,能够将对电机的电磁性能的影响降低到最小,从而使电机在各种工况下都能够正常运转,有利于电机的高速化发展趋势。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的电动车的结构示意图;
图2是本申请实施例提供的动力总成的结构示意图;
图3是本申请实施例提供的定子的一种结构示意图;
图4是本申请实施例提供的定子的一种剖面示意图;
图5是本申请实施例提供的电机的电机壳体的结构示意图;
图6是本申请实施例提供的定子的定子线圈的结构示意图;
图7是本申请实施例提供的定子的另一种剖面示意图;
图8是本申请实施例提供的通流槽的一种结构示意图;
图9是本申请实施例提供的通流槽的另一种结构示意图;
图10是本申请实施例提供的通流槽的又一种结构示意图;
图11是本申请实施例提供的通流槽的再一种结构示意图;
图12是本申请实施例提供的通流槽的第五种结构示意图;
图13是本申请第一实施例提供的定子铁芯的一种结构示意图;
图14是图13所示的定子铁芯的一种部分结构示意图;
图15是图13所示的定子铁芯的另一种部分结构示意图;
图16是本申请第一实施例的定子铁芯的一种剖面示意图;
图17是本申请第一实施例提供的定子铁芯的另一种结构示意图;
图18是图17所示的定子铁芯的一种剖面示意图;
图19是本申请第一实施例提供的定子铁芯的第一冲片的结构示意图;
图20是本申请第一实施例提供的定子铁芯的第二冲片的一种结构示意图;
图21是本申请第一实施例提供的定子铁芯的第二冲片的另一种结构示意图;
图22是本申请第二实施例提供的定子的一种剖面示意图;
图23是本申请第二实施例提供的定子铁芯的一种结构示意图;
图24是图23所示的定子铁芯的部分结构示意图;
图25是本申请第二实施例提供的定子的另一种剖面示意图;
图26是本申请第二实施例提供的定子铁芯的一种结构示意图;
图27是图26所示的定子铁芯的部分结构示意图;
图28是图23所示的定子铁芯的一种剖面示意图;
图29是图26所示的定子铁芯的一种剖面示意图;
图30是本申请第二实施例提供的定子铁芯的第一冲片的一种结构示意图;
图31是本申请第二实施例提供的定子铁芯的第一冲片的另一种结构示意图;
图32是本申请第二实施例提供的定子铁芯的第一冲片的又一种结构示意图;
图33是本申请第二实施例提供的定子铁芯的第一冲片的再一种结构示意图;
图34是本申请第二实施例提供的定子铁芯的第二冲片的一种结构示意图;
图35是本申请第三实施例提供的定子铁芯的一种结构示意图;
图36是图35所示的定子铁芯的部分结构示意图;
图37是图36所示的A区域的放大示意图;
图38是本申请第三实施例提供的定子铁芯的一种剖面示意图;
图39是本申请第三实施例提供的定子铁芯的另一种剖面示意图;
图40是本申请第三实施例提供的定子铁芯的第一冲片的结构示意图;
图41是本申请第三实施例提供的定子铁芯的第二冲片的结构示意图;
图42是本申请第三实施例提供的定子铁芯的第三冲片的结构示意图;
图43是本申请第四实施例提供的定子的一种剖面示意图;
图44是本申请第四实施例提供的电机的一种结构示意图;
图45是图44所示的电机的一种部分结构示意图;
图46是图44所示的电机的另一种部分结构示意图;
图47是图44所示的电机的又一种部分结构示意图;
图48是图44所示的电机的第一端盖和第二端盖的一角度的示意图;
图49是本申请第四实施例提供的定子铁芯的第一冲片的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图,对本申请的具体实施方式进行清楚地描述。
请结合参阅图1和图2,本申请的实施例提供一种电动车2000,电动车2000可以为但不仅限于为纯电动车辆(Pure Electric Vehicle/Battery Electric Vehicle,PEV/BEV)、混合动力车辆(Hybrid Electric Vehicle,HEV)、增程式电动车辆(Range Extended Electric Vehicle,REEV)、插电式混合动力车辆(Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle,PHEV)、新能源车辆(New Energy Vehicle)。
电动车2000可以包括车架(图未示)和安装在车架上的动力总成1000。车架为电动车2000的结构骨架,能够起到支撑、固定和连接各个总成,承受电动车2000系统内部和外部环境的载荷的作用。动力总成1000为电动车2000中能够产生动力,并将动力传递至路面的系统。应当理解,动力总成1000的应用可不局限于电动车2000,其而还可应用至如加工设备、工程机械等机械设备中。
请参阅图2,动力总成1000可以包括电机200、减速器300和电机控制器400(Motor Control Unit,MCU)。电机200为依据电磁感应(Electromagnetic induction)定律实现电能转换或传递的电磁装置,能够产生驱动转矩,并作为动力总成1000的动力源而被广泛使用。举例而言,电机200可以为但不仅限于为永磁同步电机、异步感应电机、发电机。减速器300与电机200机械连接,能够将电机200的转速进行一定的降速并增大转矩,以适应电动车2000的多种工况。电机控制器400与电机200电连接,能够通过主动工作来控制电机200按照设定的方向、速度、角度、响应时间进行工作。
可以理解的是,电机200、减速器300和电机控制器400在工作时会产生大量的热,若不及时对其各自进行散热冷却,会对其各自的工作可靠性和整车性能产生严重的影响。由此,动力总成1000内部可设有冷却流路,通过冷却液在冷却流路内流动,而带走电机200、减速器300和电机控制器400的热量,实现其各自的散热冷却,其中,冷却液可以是冷却油,也可以是冷却水,或者可以是其他具备流动性的冷却工质。
而动力总成1000在实际冷却过程中,动力总成1000中的电机200和减速器300可采用油冷方式进行散热,电机控制器400可采用水冷方式进行散热。示例性地,电机200和减速器300可以采用集成化油冷方式进行散热,以兼顾对电机200和减速器300的冷却,其中,冷却液具体可为冷却油。
请继续参阅图2,一种可能的实施方式中,动力总成1000还可包括输送装置500、换热器600和过滤器700。示例性地,输送装置500、换热器600和过滤器700可以位于减速器300的壳体内部,或者,输送装置500、换热器600和过滤器700还可位于减速器300的壳体外部,本申请的实施例对此不做严格限制。
输送装置500可以为冷却液提供动力,以驱使冷却液在电机200的流道中流动以带走电机200的热量。一方面可以确保冷却液的流动,另一方面还可以对冷却液的流速进行控制,例如当电机200内部部件的温度较高时,可以增大冷却液的流动速度,使得冷却液快速将电机200内的热量带出,实现对电机200的良好散热。举例而言,输送装置500可以为电子油泵。
换热器600可以利用换热器600内流动的冷流体,通过过热交换将高温冷却液的热量吸收,以实现对冷却液的换热降温,使冷却液可以再次使用。即,换热器600可用于对携带有电机200热量的冷却液进行换热使其冷却,进而使冷却液可重复进行使用。举例而言,换热器600可以是油水换热器,即利用水作为冷流体,对冷却油进行换热降温。
过滤器700可以对冷却液进行过滤,避免冷却液中的杂物造成电机200内流道的堵塞。
示例性地,电机控制器400的水冷出水口可与换热器600相连,以使电机控制器400内流出的水流入换热器600。冷却油可通过输送装置500的动力传输作用,经过滤器700过滤,并在换热器600内与电机控制器400流出的水进行换热后,进入电机200内部以为电机200进行散热,由此完成一个散热循环。
基于此,本申请的实施例的动力总成1000,不仅能够有效地对电机200进行散热,还能实现冷却液的循环利用。
需说明的是,图2的目的仅在于示意性的描述电机200、电机控制器400、减速器300、输送装置500、换热器600和过滤器700的连接关系,并非是对各个设备的连接位置、具体构造及数量做具体限定。而本申请实施例示意的结构并不构成对动力总成1000的具体限定。在本申请另一些实施例中,动力总成1000可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件,或者组合某些部件,或者拆分某些部件,或者不同的部件布置。图示的部件可以以硬件,软件或软件和硬件的组合实现。
请继续参阅图2,电机200包括电机壳体210、设于电机壳体210内的定子100和转子220。电机壳体210的设置能够为电机200外部的冷却液流入电机200提供引导作用,并避免异物进入电机200内部,将电机200搬运过程中因与其他物体发生机械碰撞而导致电机200的内部部件发生损伤的可能性降低到最小,保护性能优异。定子100可以为电机200中静止不动的固定部分,其能够在通入电流后产生旋转磁场。转子220可以为电机200的旋转部分,能够在定子100产生的旋转磁场的作用下而转动。
举例而言,电机200为永磁同步电机,而转子220应用在永磁同步电机中时,转子220可以产生一个恒定的磁场,并可基于磁极的同性相斥异性相吸原理,在定子100产生的旋转磁场的作用下而转动。而电机200为异步感应电机,转子220应用在异步感应电机中时,转子220可以基于电磁感应现象,在定子100产生的旋转磁场的作用下,获得一个电磁转矩而转动。
请结合参阅图2、图3和图4,电机壳体210套设于定子100的外围,并沿定子100的周向包围定子100。在定子100的轴向上,电机壳体210的长度大于定子100的长度,即,定子100的两端内缩于电机壳体210内。定子100又套设于转子220的外周,并沿转子220的周向包围转子220。在转子220的周向上,定子100与转子220之间具有气隙。
定子100包括定子铁芯10、定子线圈20及密封件30。定子铁芯10为电机200磁路的一部分,可同转子220的转子铁芯及定子铁芯10和转子220的转子铁芯之间的气隙(也即前述的定子100与转子220之间的气隙)共同构成电机200的完整的磁路。而定子线圈20安装和固定在定子铁芯10上,为电机200的电路部分,可通过通入交流电,而产生旋转磁场。密封件30能够隔绝定子铁芯10和定子线圈20,以避免定子线圈20上的电流泄露。
如下将只对电机壳体210和定子100的形态进行详细描述,本申请的实施例对转子220的形态不做严格限制。
为方便理解,下面对本申请实施例的电机壳体210和定子100所涉及的相关技术术语进行解释和描述。
轴向方向:可以理解为定子铁芯10的轴向方向,即定子铁芯10的中心轴线所在的方向,等同于定子铁芯10的延伸方向,即定子铁芯10的第一侧部104延伸至中部103再继续延伸至第二侧部105的方向,等同于套设于定子铁芯10外围的电机壳体210的轴向方向,等同于穿设于定子铁芯10中的定子线圈20的轴向方向。
周向方向:可以理解为环绕轴向方向的圆周方向。
径向方向:可以理解为垂直于轴向方向的方向。
套筒状:套在长条状物体的外表面,起保护、加强固定或连接作用,具有套筒状的元件包括筒状(或管状)外壳,外壳内部为中空空间,筒状(或管状)外壳的两个端面均设开口,长条状物体可以通过这两个开口进入或穿过套筒状元件。套筒状元件包括两个端面和连接在两个端面之间的外表面(也可称为外周面)和内表面,内表面围设出套筒状元件的中空空间,外表面能够呈现套筒状元件的外观结构。套筒状元件的轴向方向为从其一个端面向另一个端面延伸的方向,其周向方向为环绕外表面的方向,径向方向为从内表面向外表面垂直延伸的方向,可以理解为垂直于其轴向方向。
请结合参阅图2、图3和图4,本申请的实施例中,在径向方向上,电机壳体210、定子铁芯10、密封件30及定子线圈20依次设置。在轴向方向上,定子线圈20的两端伸出定子铁芯10,但仍内缩于电机壳体210内。具体而言,电机壳体210套设至定子铁芯10的外围。定子线圈20穿设于定子铁芯10,且两端均伸出定子铁芯10。密封件30位于定子铁芯10和定子线圈20之间,以起到隔绝定子铁芯10和定子线圈20的作用。
可以理解的是,为了充分适应动力总成1000功率密度的提升趋势和小型化的发展趋势,电机200的最高转速与电流密度需要得到提升。而最高转速的提升易导致定子铁芯10的损耗增加,电流密度的提升易导致定子线圈20的损耗增加,从而使得电机200运转在最大转速和峰值工况下,定子线圈20和定子铁芯10容易存在超温风险。基于此,需要对定子铁芯10及定子线圈20做相应的散热设计,以保证定子100在正常工作过程中的高可靠性和稳定性。
由此,本申请的实施例所提供的定子100的结构,能够在保证定子100的散热可靠性的基础上降低加工成本,将高转速下定子100因冷却不足而对电机200的高速化存在明显制约的可能性降低至最小,具体将在下文进一步描述。
请参阅图5,电机壳体210呈套筒状,电机壳体210的外表面2101开设有用于供冷却液流入的进液口2110,电机壳体210的内表面2102凹设有环形的进液流道2120,进液流道2120与进液口2110连通。可以理解的是,通过在电机壳体210的外表面2101开设进液口2110,能够为电机壳体210外部的冷却液提供导向作用,使得冷却液能够通过进入进液口2110而流入电机壳体210的进液流道2120,进而为后续进入定子铁芯10的流道做准备,能够确保冷却液能够在电机200内部进行流动而不会溅洒至电机200外部,有效保证电机200整体的散热效果。而进液流道2120呈环形,能够使得冷却液在其内流动时,能够在电机壳体210的周向上均匀分布。换言之,进液流道2120具有均流作用,能够将经进液口2110流入的冷却液均匀的分配至电机壳体210的周向,有利于冷却液后续与定子铁芯10的充分的接触。
需说明的是,电机壳体210具有一定厚度,但为了便于示意进液口2110的结构,对电机壳体2110的厚度做了一定减薄而使进液口2110呈现如图5所示的凸设于外表面2101的结构设置。但应当理解,进液口2110实际为开设于电机壳体210的外表面2101且与进液流道2120连通的孔类结构。
示例性地,进液流道2120可位于电机壳体210轴向长度的中间位置。由此,进液流道2120距定子铁芯10轴向两端的距离大体相等。此设置能够使得冷却液后续流入定子铁芯10, 并一部分从定子铁芯10的一端流出,另一部分从定子铁芯10的另一端流出时,此两部分的冷却液在定子铁芯10内的通流路径能够大致相等,从而最大程度的缩短从两端流出的此两部分的冷却液的传热路径,有效避免定子铁芯10两端之间产生较大的温差,大幅度减少电机200整体的加工成本和物料管理成本,有利于提高电机200的散热效率。
可以理解的是,对电机200散热通常采用油冷的方式,相对于水冷方式散热,油冷方式散热具备能够使电机200功率密度高、链路热阻小、界面热阻占比低、线圈端部无需需灌胶以及高速油封能够量产等优点,故而油冷越来越被广泛地使用。也即为,冷却液可以为冷却油。
请参阅图6,定子线圈20包括芯部21和分别连接于芯部21两端的第一端部绕组23和第二端部绕组24。芯部21沿轴向方向延伸,且为定子线圈20中能够穿设于定子铁芯10的部分。第一端部绕组23和第二端部绕组24为定子线圈20的两个端部,且为定子线圈20中位于定子铁芯10外侧的部分。具体而言,第一端部绕组23相对定子铁芯10的一端凸伸,第二端部绕组24相对定子铁芯10的另一端凸伸。
请结合参阅图4、图7和图8,定子铁芯10包括轭部101和多个齿部102,每一齿部102的齿根1021连接至轭部101,每一齿部102的齿顶1022远离轭部101。
具体而言,轭部101呈环状,且沿轴向方向延伸。轭部101的外表面为朝向电机壳体210的表面,也即定子铁芯10的外表面,其可与电机壳体210的内表面2102贴合。轭部101的内表面为背向电机壳体210的表面,也即与多个齿部102连接的表面。多个齿部102沿周向方向间隔排布于轭部101的内表面,每一齿部102均沿轴向方向延伸,且相邻两个齿部102之间形成开槽11。
可以理解的是,任意相邻两个齿部102之间均会形成一个开槽11,即多个齿部102能够形成多个开槽11。由于多个开槽11的结构相同,如下将以其中一个开槽11的具体形态为例来对本申请的技术方案的细节架构展开描述。
请参阅图8,开槽11包括相互连通的线圈槽111和通流槽112。在径向方向上,线圈槽111自齿顶1022延伸至齿根1021,线圈槽111用于容纳定子线圈20,通流槽112自齿根1021延伸至轭部101。由此,能够形成径向方向上,自齿部102延伸至轭部101的开槽11。而密封件30连接至开槽11的内壁,且与通流槽112的内壁共同形成用于供冷却液流过的通流流道12。
应当理解,开槽11的内壁包括线圈槽111的内壁和通流槽112的内壁,也即,开槽11的内壁为线圈槽111的内壁和通流槽112的内壁共同构成。示例性地,密封件30连接至通流槽112的内壁与线圈槽111的内壁的连接处。也即为,密封件30恰好密封径向方向上通流槽112与开槽11相连通的一端。但应当理解,密封件30的连接位置并不以此为限,其还可连接至通流槽112的内壁,或可连接至线圈槽111的内壁,本申请的实施例对此不做严格限制。
由此,通过在相邻两个齿部102之间形成由齿部102延伸至轭部101的开槽11,且将开槽11划分出通流槽112和线圈槽111的两个功能空间,能够使得线圈槽111能够容纳定子线圈20,而通流槽112能够供冷却液通流,两者之间相互独立而互不干扰。也即为,能够使开槽11具备容置定子线圈20和供冷却液通流的两个独立的功能空间。此设置相对于冷却液需在线圈槽111内通流的现有方案,一方面,能够将因流道狭窄而导致冷却液流阻增大,冷却液的流动性经受挑战,定子线圈20难以正常散热的可能性降低到最小,有利于保证冷却液有足够的流动空间,减小冷却液流动时会产生的不平衡量,提高定子铁芯10的散热性能。另一方面,由于无需在线圈槽111内引流,能够使得定子线圈20穿设于线圈槽111内部分的形态 可采用相对简单的工艺制成,能够在保证定子100散热可靠性的基础上大幅度减小整体的加工成本和物料管理成本,有利于提高生产效率。
另外,由于通流槽112的内壁和密封件30能够配合形成供冷却液流过的通流流道12,从而使得冷却液流动在通流流道12时,一方面,能够因直接接触定子铁芯10而充分的对定子铁芯10进行散热,另一方面,能够在确保通流流道12密封可靠性的基础上使冷却液能够最大程度的接近定子线圈20,确保定子线圈20中应当进行散热的区域得到良好的散热,从而可以对定子线圈20进行充分的冷却,以保证定子线圈20的散热性能,可靠性强。
而通流流道12整体位于轭部101并靠近齿部102的齿根1021,此结构设置相对于在相邻两个线圈槽111之间开供冷却液流过的流道(也即为在未设置线圈槽111的齿部102开流道)的现有方案,能够将对电机200的电磁性能的影响降低到最小,从而使电机200在各种工况下都能够正常运转,有利于电机200的高速化发展趋势。
请结合参阅图6、图7和图8,本申请的实施例中,密封件30还可具有绝缘性。可以理解的是,由于定子线圈20的芯部21沿轴向方向延伸,而线圈槽111也沿轴向方向延伸,故而线圈槽111可供定子线圈20的芯部21穿设。而定子100正常工作的情况下定子线圈20会通电使用,因此穿设于线圈槽111的芯部21在工作情况下会有电流流过。
由此,为避免芯部21的电流泄露,在芯部21和线圈槽111之间设置具有绝缘性的密封件30,能够使定子线圈20和定子铁芯10之间彼此绝缘。具体而言,密封件30不仅连接至开槽11的内壁,密封件30还包覆线圈槽111的内壁,从而使得线圈槽111的内壁均被密封件30覆盖,也即密封件30紧密贴合线圈槽111的内壁,不易脱落,且便于生产管理。一方面,能够在芯部21穿设于线圈槽111时,在定子线圈20和定子铁芯10之间形成良好的绝缘性。另一方面,能够有效避免定子铁芯10的边角或突出锐利的地方磨破芯部21而造成短路,能够起到良好的缓冲作用。
可以理解的是,由于密封件30还需与通流槽112的内壁配合形成通流流道12。故而为保证密封件30整体性不被破坏,密封件30无需像现有方案一样进行打孔引流。一方面,工艺复杂度低,能够有效减少需对密封件30进行额外作业而带来的物料、加工、生产和管理成本。另一方面,无需在线圈槽111内通液,能够有效减少为了保证线圈槽111的槽内密封性和冷却液绝缘性所带来的工艺难度和成本的提升,实用性强,应用范围广泛。
示例性地,由于无需线圈槽111槽内通流,故而无需对密封件30打孔,从而相对于现有方案中为了保持定子线圈20的铜线形态而采用的扁线工艺,本申请实施例所提供的定子线圈20可采用工艺相对简单的圆线工艺制成。但应当理解,本申请实施例的密封件30的设置同样能够适应扁线工艺,并不以此为限。
由此,密封件30不仅能够与通流槽112的内壁配合形成通流流道12,同时,密封件30还能够使定子线圈20和定子铁芯10之间彼此绝缘。也即为,密封件30能够兼具密封和绝缘的双重功能,从而多元化了密封件30的使用性能,灵活性强。而此设置下,由于密封件30与定子线圈20直接接触,从而使冷却液在通流流道12内流动时,定子线圈20的热量能够通过密封件30传递给冷却液,定子线圈20的散热路径短、链路热阻小,有利于大扭矩工况下定子线圈20的散热。又因冷却液还直接接触定子铁芯10,故而冷却液能够兼顾对定子铁芯10和定子线圈20的冷却,显著提升了定子铁芯10和定子线圈20的散热能力。
示例性地,如图8所示,线圈槽111沿径向方向的截面形状呈球棒形。密封件30可以为绝缘纸,绝缘纸可也呈球棒形而包覆线圈槽111的内壁,并形成可供芯部21穿过的空间,芯部21穿设于此空间内,以形成径向方向上,线圈槽111、绝缘纸和芯部21依次排列的布局 设置。由此,能够使得绝缘纸整体位于线圈槽111和芯部21之间,使得线圈槽111内的空间,除了绝缘纸外能够尽可能的被芯部21充满,有效提高线圈槽111槽满率和电机200的功率密度。
本申请的实施例中,通流槽112的开槽深度即为通流槽112沿径向方向的宽度,而通流槽112的开槽深度可以在齿部102的齿根1021至轭部101的外表面的范围内。但应当理解,实际加工过程中,通流槽112的开槽深度需充分考虑定子铁芯10的结构强度、加工成本、磁性强弱、工艺复杂度等问题,可在考虑前述问题的基础上根据实际情况对通流槽112的开槽深度进行设计,本申请实施例对此不做具体限制。
请结合参阅图9、图10和图11,一种可能的实施方式中,通流槽112包括主体部分1121和至少一个分支部分1122,主体部分1121与线圈槽111连通,至少一个分支部分1122间隔分布在主体部分1121的周侧,且与主体部分1121连通。
由此,通过增加分支部分1122,使得冷却液不仅能够在主体部分1121流动,还能够在分支部分1122流动。而分支部分1122的增加,等同于增加了通流槽112的槽壁面积。换言之,等同于增大了冷却液与定子铁芯10的接触面积,从而能够进一步的增强定子100的散热冷却性能。
示例性地,如图9所示,通流槽112沿径向方向的截面形态可呈鹿角状。或者,如图10所示,通流槽112沿径向方向的截面形态可呈羊角状。或者,通流槽112沿径向方向的截面形态可呈如图11所示的形状。
需说明的是,通流槽112沿径向方向的截面形态不局限于上述描述的形状,其还可以呈现其他形态,本申请的实施例对此不做严格限制。
请结合参阅图8和图12,另一种可能的实施方式中,通流槽112仅包括主体部分(图未标)。例如,如图8所示,主体部分沿径向方向的截面形态可呈T形。或者,主体部分可呈现如图12所示的形态。
示例性地,通流槽112可为对称结构。由此,无论通流槽112仅包括主体部分1121还是包括主体部分1121和分支部分1122,都能使通流槽112的加工更为简便,节省物料和生产管理的成本。而通流槽112的设置,还能够使冷却液与定子铁芯10的有效接触面积增大,流道有效散热面积较现有结构增加,流道流阻和沿程压力损失降低,极大提高了冷却效率。同时还满足定子铁芯10的结构刚度需求,降低能耗,为电机200的散热技术的推广、应用提供了可靠的技术支持。
需说明的是,通流槽112的形状、尺寸等结构需求均可根据实际情况进行设计,仅需保证能够与密封件30配合形成可以提供足够的供冷却液流过且流阻较小的空间、且在可加工范围内即可,本申请实施例对此不做严格限制。
请结合参阅图3、图6和图8,本申请的实施例中,通流流道12的出口朝向端部绕组22(也即通流槽112位于定子铁芯10两端的槽口朝向端部绕组22)。具体而言,由于端部绕组22包括第一端部绕组23和第二端部绕组24,故而通流流道12的出口为两个。一个通流流道12的出口开设于定子铁芯10的一端,另一个通流流道12的出口开设于定子铁芯10的另一端。
由此,当冷却液在通流流道12内流动时,能够对定子线圈20的芯部21进行散热。而当冷却液经由通流流道12流出时,一部分能够从定子铁芯10的一端流出而对第一端部绕组23进行散热,另一部分能够从定子铁芯10的另一端流出而对第二端部绕组24进行散热,实现了电机200内定子线圈20的两个端部均衡散热的目的,使得电机200的散热更佳。换言之, 冷却液不仅能够冷却芯部21,而且还能够冷却端部绕组22。即冷却液能够兼顾对芯部21和端部绕组22的冷却,从而使得定子线圈20整体的热阻降低,散热均匀,可靠性强,有利于提高电机200散热能力,降低电机200温升。
基于上述描述,应当理解,本申请的实施例通过设置通流流道12,能够在电机200运转在低速大扭矩时,保证对定子线圈20的散热。且在电机200运转在高转速时,保证对定子铁芯10的散热,从而兼顾各种工况下定子铁芯10和定子线圈20的散热需求。
需要说明的是,此处电机200的高速或低速运转都是相对而言,实际应用中,可以根据电机200运转时的发热情况设定一临界转速而界定电机200的高速和低速运转。示例性地,可认定≥10000r/min的转速为高转速。
可以理解的是,为了避免电流密度增大而引起的定子线圈20的超温风险,且需不增大冷却液流阻或采取线圈槽111内浸液等高成本和复杂的工艺方案,在定子铁芯10的轭部101与齿部102的齿根1021界面通液为较优的热设计方案。而为了实现电机壳体210的进液流道2120至通流流道12的冷却液流经途径,可在定子铁芯10中增设其他流道,并使增设的流道与进液流道2120、通流流道12共同形成电机200的冷却流道,从而使得本申请的实施例所提供的定子100的设计能够兼顾定子线圈20和定子铁芯10的散热需求,即能够对定子线圈20和定子铁芯10一起进行散热冷却。示例性地,可增设能够连接进液流道2120和通流流道12的流道,和/或能够进一步提高定子铁芯10的散热能力的流道。
如下将通过四个具体的实施例来对本申请的技术方案的细节架构展开描述。
第一实施例:
请结合参阅图4、图5、图13和图14,在本申请的第一实施例中,轭部101还设有沿径向方向延伸的导流流道13,导流流道13即为前文所述的能够连接进液流道2120和通流流道12的流道。具体而言,导流流道13的进口开设于轭部101的外表面,且用于将定子铁芯10的外围结构件的进液流道2120中的冷却液引导至定子铁芯10,导流流道13的出口与通流流道12的进口的至少部分连通。
可以理解的是,定子铁芯10的外围结构件整体位于定子铁芯10的外围并靠近定子铁芯10设置,能够与定子铁芯10存在直接或间接的连接关系。由此,在定子铁芯10的外围结构件上设置进液流道2120,并使导流流道13连接于进液流道2120和通流流道12之间,能够将冷却液通过进液流道2120的引流作用而引导至定子铁芯10的导流流道13中,并通过导流流道13的导向作用而将冷却液引导至通流流道12,从而使冷却液在通流流道12中流动而兼顾定子铁芯10和定子线圈20的散热,散热效率高。
示例性地,定子铁芯10的外围结构件可以为电机壳体210,但应当理解,并不以此为限。
另外,区别于沿轴向方向延伸的通流流道12,导流流道13沿径向方向延伸。由此,能够以最短的距离将冷却液导向至通流流道12中。此设置下,冷却液的传热路径短、流阻小,能够最大可能的避免定子铁芯10局部产生较大的温差。
请参阅图15,一种可能的实施方式中,导流流道13的出口与通流流道12的进口部分连通。由此,流入导流流道13的冷却液能够具备流动性而顺利流入通流流道12中,且由于导流流道13的出口与通流流道12的进口不需要完全连通,使得定子铁芯10的加工制造过程更为简便。
另一种可能的实施方式中,导流流道13的出口与通流流道12的进口完全连通。
基于上述描述,应当理解,可以通过改变导流流道13的出口与通流流道12的进口的连通程度以控制冷却液的流量和流动速度,以保证通流流道12中冷却液的流动可靠性和均匀 性。
请结合参阅图13和图14,本实施例中,定子铁芯10包括中部103和分别连接于中部103两端的第一侧部104和第二侧部105,轭部101和齿部102均从第一侧部104依次延伸至中部103和第二侧部105。换言之,轭部101实际可由位于第一侧部104的轭部、位于中部103的轭部和位于第二侧部105的轭部共同构成。而齿部102亦可由位于第一侧部104的齿部、位于中部103的齿部和位于第二侧部105的齿部共同构成。
可以理解的是,将定子铁芯10划分为第一侧部104、中部103和第二侧部105的三个部分,能够方便说明本实施例中定子铁芯10的形成原理,具体将在下文进行描述。
本实施例中,导流流道13位于中部103。换言之,导流流道13位于定子铁芯10轴向长度的中间位置。由此,冷却液进入进液流道2120后,能够从定子铁芯10的中部103位置进入。此设置下,电机200运行在高速额定工况时,能够快速对易发生最高温度的定子铁芯10的中部103位置进行换热降温,将定子铁芯10因过热而导致失效的可能性降低到最小,使得定子铁芯10不会因局部超温而损坏,可靠性强。
本实施例中,通流流道12包括第一通流流道121和第二通流流道122,第一通流流道121和第二通流流道122分别位于第一侧部104和第二侧部105,且第一通流流道121和第二通流流道122对称设置,第一通流流道121和第二通流流道122均连通导流流道13和定子100外空间。
具体而言,第一通流流道121的出口开设于第一侧部104的端面,经第一通流流道121的出口流出的冷却液能够喷出至第一端部绕组23。第二通流流道122的出口开设于第二侧部105的端面,经第二通流流道122的出口流出的冷却液能够喷出至第二端部绕组24。
由此,通流流道12的具体结构能够充分适应冷却液的中部103进液方式,使得冷却液从定子铁芯10的中部103进入导流流道13时,能够通过导流流道13的分流作用而使冷却液沿轴向方向向定子铁芯10的两端流动,从而使冷却液可以快速对定子铁芯10的两端进行散热,使得定子铁芯10的两端的温度能够较为均匀而不至于差异过大。也即,能够保证第一侧部104和第二侧部105温度均匀。
请继续参阅图13和图14,导流流道13的数量为多个,多个导流流道13沿周向方向间隔分布。也即为,多个导流流道13沿周向方向间隔分布在中部103。
示例性地,多个导流流道13沿周向方向等间距分布,也即为,多个导流流道13沿周向方向均匀分布。而多个导流流道13沿周向方向均匀分布的设置一方面能够使得定子铁芯10整体的温度较为均匀,另一方面能够在充分适应冷却液流动性的基础上,减少冷却液流动时会产生的不平衡量,从而将因不平衡量的产生而造成冷却液流阻升高,冷却液的流动性经受挑战,定子100难以正常工作的可能性降低到最小,有效保证定子100的使用性能。
本实施例中,通流流道12的数量也为多个,多个通流流道12沿周向方向间隔分布,从而呈现多个通流流道12沿定子铁芯10的周向间隔分布的布局。也即为,第一通流流道121的数量为多个,多个第一通流流道121沿周向方向间隔分布在第一侧部104。第二通流流道122的数量也为多个,多个第二通流流道122沿周向方向间隔分布在第二侧部105。
示例性地,多个通流流道12沿周向方向等间距分布,也即为,多个通流流道12沿周向方向均匀分布。而多个通流流道12沿周向方向均匀分布的设置一方面能够使得定子铁芯10整体的温度较为均匀,另一方面能够在充分适应冷却液流动性的基础上,减少冷却液流动时会产生的不平衡量,从而将因不平衡量的产生而造成冷却液流阻升高,冷却液的流动性经受挑战,定子100难以正常工作的可能性降低到最小,有效保证定子100的使用性能。
请结合参阅图14和图16,一种可能的实施方式中,每一第一通流流道121的进口均与两个相邻的导流流道13的出口连通,每一第二通流流道122的进口均与两个相邻的导流流道13的出口连通。
由此,多个导流流道13与多个通流流道12的对应关系为,一个导流流道13对应两个相邻的通流流道12。具体而言,当冷却液进入其中一个导流流道13时,一部分会进入此导流流道13对应的两个相邻的通流流道12中的一个通流流道12,另一部分会进入此导流流道13对应的两个相邻的通流流道12中的另一个通流流道12。
也即为,每一通流流道12中的冷却液均可来自两个相邻的导流流道13。此设置下,能够使得相邻的两个导流流道13的冷却液相互补足。保证即使其中一个导流流道13的冷却液流入通流流道12中的流量较小,但因另一个导流流道13的存在,使得每一通流流道12中均会有足够的冷却液流过,可靠性强,能够达到有效散热的目的。
请结合参阅图17和图18,另一种可能的实施方式中,每一第一通流流道121的进口均与一个导流流道13的出口连通,每一第二通流流道122的进口均与一个导流流道13的出口连通。
由此,多个导流流道13能够与多个通流流道12一对一而对应连通,一对一而对应连通的设置能够保证每一个通流流道12中均会有冷却液流过,使得冷却液能够沿周向方向均匀的分布在定子铁芯10的各个位置。
基于上述描述,本实施例中,进液流道2120、导流流道13和通流流道12共同形成电机200的冷却流道。
可以理解的是,此实施例中电机200的冷却流道的设计可以使冷却液通过设置在电机壳体210的进液流道2120流入定子铁芯10的导流流道13。而流入导流流道13的冷却液,一部分会从设置在第一侧部104的第一通流流道121喷出至第一端部绕组23,另一部分会从设置在第二侧部105的第二通流流道122喷出至第二端部绕组24。
由此,电机200的冷却流道兼顾了定子铁芯10和定子线圈20的散热需求,使得其能对定子铁芯10和定子线圈20一起进行散热冷却,有利于多元化定子100的使用性能,保证电机200的高速运转,实用性强,应用范围广泛。
如下将对本实施例中的定子铁芯10的形成原理进行说明。
请结合参阅图13、图14、图19和图20,本实施例中,定子铁芯10包括多个第一冲片15和多个第二冲片16,多个第一冲片15沿轴向方向层叠形成第一侧部104和第二侧部105,多个第二冲片16沿轴向方向层叠形成中部103。形成第一侧部104的所有第一冲片15、形成中部103的所有第二冲片16和形成第二侧部105的所有第一冲片15依次连接而配合形成定子铁芯10。示例性地,第一冲片15和第二冲片16的材质均为硅钢,也即为,第一冲片15和第二冲片16均为硅钢片。
可以理解的是,硅钢是一种导磁能力很强的磁性物质,在通电的定子线圈20中,它可以产生较大的磁感应强度,从而可以使电机200整体的体积缩小。而电机200在交流状态下工作,功率损耗不仅产生在定子线圈20上,也产生在交变电流磁化下的定子铁芯10中。
通常把定子铁芯10中的功率损耗叫“铁损”,铁损由两个原因造成,一个是“磁滞损耗”,另一个是“涡流损耗”。磁滞损耗是定子铁芯10在磁化过程中,由于存在磁滞现象而产生的铁损,这种损耗的大小与材料的磁滞回线所包围的面积大小成正比。而硅钢的磁滞回线狭小,用它做电机200的定子铁芯10所产生的磁滞损耗较小,可使定子铁芯10的发热程度大大减小。
而采用呈片状的硅钢片冲压形成定子铁芯10,可以减小另外一种铁损——“涡流损耗”。电机200工作时,定子线圈20产生的变化的磁通会在定子铁芯10中产生感应电流。而定子铁芯10中产生的感应电流,会在垂直于磁通方向的平面内形成环流(亦称涡流)。涡流损耗同样会使定子铁芯10的发热程度大大增加。而采用彼此绝缘的硅钢片叠压形成定子铁芯10,能够增大涡流通路上的电阻,而硅钢中的硅使材料的电阻率增大,也起到减小涡流的作用。
需说明的是,硅钢片厚度越薄,减小涡流的效果越好。但实际加工过程中需考虑定子铁芯10的制作工时和工艺难度等问题,也即为,需在考虑前述问题的基础上合理设计硅钢片的尺寸。
请结合参阅图13、图14和图19,每一第一冲片15上均设有多个第一线圈槽151和多个子通流槽152,同一第一冲片15上的多个第一线圈槽151沿周向方向间隔设置,同一第一冲片15上的多个子通流槽152沿周向方向间隔设置,且与位于同一第一冲片15上的多个第一线圈槽151一一对应连通。
由此,当形成第一侧部104的所有第一冲片15层叠在一起时,形成第一侧部104的所有第一冲片15的子通流槽152连通且配合形成多个沿周向方向间隔分布在第一侧部104,且沿轴向方向在第一侧部104内延伸的多个第一通流槽1123,其中,每一第一通流槽1123均沿轴向方向贯穿第一侧部104。而第一通流槽1123又能与绝缘件配合形成位于第一侧部104的第一通流流道121,以供冷却液在其内流动而对第一侧部104和第一端部绕组23进行散热冷却。
而当形成第二侧部105的所有第二冲片16层叠在一起时,形成第二侧部105的所有第一冲片15的子通流槽152连通且配合形成多个沿周向方向间隔分布在第二侧部105,且沿轴向方向在第二侧部105内延伸的多个第二通流槽1124,其中,每一第二通流槽1124均沿轴向方向贯穿第二侧部105。而第二通流槽1124又能与绝缘件配合形成位于第二侧部105的第二通流流道122,以供冷却液在其内流动而对第二侧部105和第二端部绕组24进行散热冷却。
示例性地,子通流槽152沿径向方向的截面形态可如图8-图12所示的通流槽112的沿径向方向的截面形态保持一致,本申请实施例对此不做具体限制。
请结合参阅图13、图14和图20,每一第二冲片16上均设有多个第二线圈槽161和多个第一导流槽162,同一第二冲片16上的多个第二线圈槽161沿周向方向间隔设置,同一第二冲片16上的多个第一导流槽162沿周向方向间隔设置,且位于同一第二冲片16上的多个第二线圈槽161的外围。
示例性地,每一第一导流槽162沿径向方向的截面宽度可自第一导流槽162向第二线圈槽161逐渐增大,此设置能够便于冷却液在第一导流槽162的根部由径向方向流动转换为轴向方向流动,冷却液的流动性强,可靠性佳。
由此,当形成中部103的所有第二冲片16层叠在一起时,所有第二冲片16的第一导流槽162连通且配合形成多个沿周向方向间隔分布在中部103,且沿径向方向在中部103内延伸的多个导流流道13。
而当形成第一侧部104的所有第二冲片16、形成中部103的所有第一冲片15和形成第二侧部105的所有第二冲片16依次连接在一起时,所有第一冲片15的第一线圈槽151和所有第二冲片16的第二线圈槽161连通且配合形成多个沿周向方向间隔分布的线圈槽111,每一线圈槽111均从第一侧部104依次延伸至中部103和第二侧部105。
请参阅图20,一种可能的实施方式中,同一第二冲片16上的所有第二线圈槽161沿径向方向的中心线,与同一第二冲片16上的所有第一导流槽162沿径向方向的中心线交错排布。 由此,当所有冲片冲压形成定子铁芯10时,能够形成一个通流流道12对应两个相邻的导流流道13的流道设置。此设置下,能够使得相邻的两个导流流道13的冷却液相互补足。保证即使其中一个导流流道13的冷却液流入通流流道12中的流量较小,但因另一个导流流道13的存在,使得每一通流流道12中均会有足够的冷却液流过,可靠性强,能够达到有效散热的目的。
请参阅图21,另一种可能的实施方式中,同一第二冲片16上的每一第二线圈槽161沿径向方向的中心线,均与同一第二冲片16上的一个第一导流槽162沿径向方向的中心线共线。由此,当所有冲片冲压形成定子铁芯10时,能够形成多个通流流道12与多个导流流道13一对一而对应连通的流道设置,一对一而对应连通的流道设置能够保证每一个通流流道12中均会有冷却液流过,使得冷却液能够沿周向方向均匀的分布在定子铁芯10的各个位置。
基于上述描述,本实施例中,通过设置两种形态不同的第一冲片15和第二冲片16,能够在所有冲片沿轴向方向层叠,且沿周向方向轮廓完全重叠时,一方面,能够根据产品的需要,各个冲片同一位置的槽结构可以形成设定的位置关系,例如各个冲片同一位置的所有槽结构完全重叠,以形成定子铁芯10的导流流道13和通流流道12。另一方面,此种层叠组装设计能够降低定子铁芯10的涡流损耗,实用性强,应用范围广泛。
第二实施例:
请结合参阅图22-图27,在本申请的第二实施例中,与上述第一实施例相同的内容不再赘述,与上述第一实施例不同的是,轭部101还设有沿轴向方向延伸的分流流道14,分流流道13即为前文所述的能够进一步提高定子铁芯10的散热能力的流道。分流流道14相对通流流道12远离齿部102,分流流道14的进口与导流流道13连通,分流流道14的出口开设于轭部101的端面。
请结合参阅图28和图29,通过设置分流流道14,能够使冷却液流入分流流道14时,能够直接对定子铁芯10进行散热,相对于仅通流流道12承担定子铁芯10和定子线圈20的散热,额外设置分流流道14而使定子铁芯10内部形成双层流道,能够分担通流流道12的散热负荷,使得通流流道12的散热负荷减轻,有利于进一步提高定子铁芯10的冷却性能,从而进一步保证定子铁芯10的散热效率和散热可靠性。
请结合参阅图22、图23和图24,一种可能的实施方式中,分流流道14在径向方向上的两端均封闭。
请结合参阅图25、图26和图27,另一种可能的实施方式中,分流流道14在径向方向上的一端敞开,分流流道14在径向方向上的另一端封闭。
由此,可根据定子铁芯10的实际情况对分流流道14的形态进行选取,只需满足分流流道14设置在轭部101的边缘或靠近轭部101的边缘设置即可。应当理解,分流流道14的具体位置需考虑定子铁芯10的整体强度和定子铁芯10的热量分布。
示例性地,如图22所示,多个分流流道14沿径向方向的中心线,和多个通流流道12沿径向方向的中心线在周向方向上交错分布,从而呈现周向方向上“分流流道14-通流流道12-分流流道14-…-分流流道14”的布局形态。换言之,在定子铁芯10沿径向方向的截面示意图中,每一分流流道14的位置可对准两个相邻通流流道12之间的齿部102。但应当理解,每一分流流道14的位置也可与一个通流流道12对准。或者,每一分流流道14的位置也可与一个或两个相邻的通流流道12具有重叠部分,本实施例对此不做限制。
请结合参阅图23和图24,本实施例中,分流流道14包括第一分流流道141和第二分流流道142,第一分流流道141和第二分流流道142分别位于第一侧部104和第二侧部105,且 第一分流流道141和第二分流流道142对称设置,第一分流流道141和第二分流流道142均连通导流流道13和定子100外空间。
具体而言,第一分流流道141的进口与导流流道13连通,第一分流流道141的出口开设于第一侧部104的端面,经第一分流流道141的出口流出的冷却液能够喷出至第一端部绕组23。第二分流流道142的进口与导流流道13连通,第二分流流道142的出口开设于第二侧部105的端面,经第二分流流道142的出口流出的冷却液能够喷出至第二端部绕组24。
由此,分流流道14的具体结构能够充分适应冷却液的中部103进液方式,使得冷却液从定子铁芯10的中部103进入导流流道13时,能够通过导流流道13的分流作用而使冷却液沿轴向方向向定子铁芯10的两端流动,从而使冷却液可以快速对定子铁芯10的两端进行散热,使得定子铁芯10的两端的温度能够较为均匀而不至于差异过大。也即,能够保证第一侧部104和第二侧部105温度均匀。
请继续参阅图23和图24,分流流道14的数量亦为多个,多个分流流道14沿周向方向间隔分布,且位于多个通流流道12的外围,从而呈现多个分流流道14沿定子铁芯10的周向间隔分布的布局。也即为,第一分流流道141的数量为多个,多个第一分流流道141沿轴向方向间隔分布在第一侧部104。第二分流流道142的数量也为多个,多个第二分流流道142沿周向方向间隔分布在第二侧部105。
示例性地,多个分流流道14沿周向方向等间距分布,也即为,多个分流流道14沿周向方向均匀分布。而多个分流流道14沿周向方向均匀分布的设置一方面能够使得定子铁芯10整体的温度较为均匀,另一方面能够在充分适应冷却液流动性的基础上,减少冷却液流动时会产生的不平衡量,从而将因不平衡量的产生而造成冷却液流阻升高,冷却液的流动性经受挑战,定子100难以正常工作的可能性降低到最小,有效保证定子100的使用性能。
一种可能的实施方式中,每一第一分流流道141的进口均与一个导流流道13连通,每一第二分流流道142的进口均与一个导流流道13连通。
由此,多个导流流道13能够与多个分流流道14一对一而对应连通,一对一而对应连通的设置能够保证每一个分流流道14中均会有冷却液流过,使得冷却液能够沿周向方向均匀的分布在定子铁芯10的各个位置。
基于上述描述,本实施例中,进液流道2120、导流流道13、分流流道14和通流流道12共同形成电机200的冷却流道。
可以理解的是,此实施例中电机200的冷却流道的设计可以使冷却液通过设置在电机壳体210的进液流道2120流入定子铁芯10的导流流道13。而流入导流流道13的冷却液,一部分会从设置在第一侧部104的第一通流流道121和设置在第一侧部104的第一分流流道141喷出至第一端部绕组23,另一部分会从设置在第二侧部105的第二通流流道122和设置在第二侧部105的第二分流流道142喷出至第二端部绕组24。
由此,电机200的冷却流道兼顾了定子铁芯10和定子线圈20的散热需求,使得其能对定子铁芯10和定子线圈20一起进行散热冷却,有利于多元化定子100的使用性能,保证电机200的高速运转,实用性强,应用范围广泛。
如下将对本实施例中的定子铁芯10的形成原理进行说明。
请结合参阅图23、图24和图30,本实施例中,每一第一冲片15上还设有多个分流槽153,同一第一冲片15上的多个分流槽153沿周向方向间隔设置,且位于同一第一冲片15上的多个子通流槽152的外围。
由此,当形成第一侧部104的所有第一冲片15层叠在一起时,形成第一侧部104的所有 第一冲片15的分流槽153相互连通且配合形成多个沿周向方向间隔分布在第一侧部104,且沿轴向方向在第一侧部104内延伸的多个第一分流流道141。
而当形成第二侧部105的所有第一冲片15层叠在一起时,形成第二侧部105的所有第一冲片15的分流槽153相互连通且配合形成多个沿周向方向隔分布在第二侧部105,且沿轴向方向在第二侧部105内延伸的多个第二分流流道142。
一种可能的实施方式中,当每一分流槽153在径向方向上的两端均封闭,且同一第一冲片15上的所有第一线圈槽151沿径向方向的中心线,与同一第一冲片15上的所有分流槽153沿径向方向的中心线交错排布时,第一冲片15可呈现如图30所示的形态。此时,与第一冲片15配合的第二冲片16可呈现如图20所示的形态。即同一第二冲片16上的所有第二线圈槽161沿径向方向的中心线,与同一第二冲片16上的所有第一导流槽162沿径向方向的中心线交错排布。
另一种可能的实施方式中,当每一分流槽153在径向方向上的两端均封闭,且同一第一冲片15上的每一第一线圈槽151沿径向方向的中心线,均与同一第一冲片15上的一个分流槽153沿径向方向的中心线共线时,第一冲片15可呈现如图31所示的形态。此时,与第一冲片15配合的第二冲片16可呈现如图21所示的形态,即同一第二冲片16上的每一第二线圈槽161沿径向方向的中心线,均与同一第一冲片15上的一个第一导流槽162沿径向方向的中心线共线。
又一种可能的实施方式中,当每一分流槽153在径向方向上的一端敞开,在径向方向上的另一端封闭时。示例性地,第一冲片15可呈现如图32或图33所示的形态。具体而言,同一第一冲片15的所有分流槽153可两个或三个为一组而间隔排列,其中,第一冲片15上不规则的槽结构155未来可形成定子铁芯10的焊道结构的一部分,本实施例对此不做严格限制。此时,与第一冲片15配合的第二冲片16可呈现如图34所示的形态。应当理解,第二冲片16上与第一冲片15形状相同的不规则的槽结构163未来也可形成定子铁芯10的焊道结构的一部分,本实施例对此不做严格限制。
基于上述描述,本实施例中,通过设置两种形态不同的第一冲片15和第二冲片16,能够在所有冲片沿轴向方向层叠,且沿周向方向轮廓完全重叠时,一方面,能够根据产品的需要,各个冲片同一位置的槽结构可以形成设定的位置关系,例如各个冲片同一位置的所有槽结构完全重叠,以形成定子铁芯10的导流流道13、分流流道14和通流流道12。另一方面,此种层叠组装设计能够降低定子铁芯10的涡流损耗,实用性强,应用范围广泛。
第三实施例:
请结合参阅图25、图35、图36和图37,在本申请的第三实施例中,与上述第二实施例相同的内容不再赘述,与上述第二实施例不同的是,导流流道13包括一个第一导流流道131、两个第二导流流道132和两个第三导流流道133。
具体而言,第一导流流道131沿径向方向延伸,且与定子铁芯10的外围结构件的进液流道2120连通。两个第二导流流道132分别位于第一导流流道131的入口的两侧,且一个第二导流流道132连通第一导流流道131和第一分流流道141,另一个第二导流流道132连通第一导流流道131和第二分流流道142。两个第三导流流道133分别位于第一导流流道131的出口的两侧,且一个第三导流流道133连通第一导流流道131和第一通流流道121,另一个第三导流流道133连通第一导流流道131和第二通流流道122。示例性地,定子铁芯10的外围结构件可以为电机壳体210,但应当理解,并不以此为限。
由此,请结合参阅图37、图38和图39,冷却液流入第一导流流道131时,能通过第一 导流流道131的引流作用而部分进入第二导流流道132,部分进入第三导流流道133。而进入第二导流流道132的冷却液可从第一分流流道141或第二分流流道142的出口流出,进入第三导流流道133的冷却液可从第一通流流道121或第二通流流道122的出口流出。通过将导流流道13设计为多个流道的组合形式,能够使得冷却液与定子铁芯10的接触面积进一步增大,从而使得冷却液能够在有限的空间内尽可能多的与定子铁芯10接触,充分保证定子铁芯10的散热面积,有利于提高定子铁芯10的散热效率。
基于上述描述,本实施例中,进液流道2120、导流流道13、分流流道14和通流流道12共同形成电机200的冷却流道。
可以理解的是,此实施例中电机200的冷却流道的设计可以使冷却液通过设置在电机壳体210的进液流道2120流入定子铁芯10的导流流道13。而流入导流流道13的冷却液,一部分会从设置在第一侧部104的第一通流流道121和设置在第一侧部104的第一分流流道141喷出至第一端部绕组23,另一部分会从设置在第二侧部105的第二通流流道122和设置在第二侧部105的第二分流流道142喷出至第二端部绕组24。
由此,电机200的冷却流道兼顾了定子铁芯10和定子线圈20的散热需求,使得其能对定子铁芯10和定子线圈20一起进行散热冷却,有利于多元化定子100的使用性能,保证电机200的高速运转,实用性强,应用范围广泛。
如下将对本实施例中的定子铁芯10的形成原理进行说明。
请结合参阅图35、图36、图40、图41和图42,本实施例中,定子铁芯10包括多个第一冲片15、多个第二冲片16和多个第三冲片17。多个第一冲片15沿轴向方向层叠形成第一侧部104和第二侧部105,多个第二冲片16沿轴向方向层叠设置,多个第三冲片17沿轴向方向层叠设置在多个第二冲片16的两侧,以与多个第二冲片16配合形成中部103。形成第一侧部104的所有第一冲片15、形成中部103的所有第二冲片16和所有第三冲片17及形成第二侧部105的所有第一冲片15依次连接而配合形成定子铁芯10。示例性地,第一冲片15、第二冲片16和第三冲片17的材质均为硅钢,也即为,第一冲片15和第二冲片16均为硅钢片。
请参阅图40,每一第一冲片15上均设有多个第一线圈槽151、多个子通流槽152和多个分流槽153,同一第一冲片15上的多个第一线圈槽151沿周向方向间隔设置,同一第一冲片15上的多个子通流槽152沿周向方向间隔设置,且与位于同一第一冲片15上的多个第一线圈槽151一一对应连通。同一第一冲片15上的多个分流槽153沿周向方向间隔设置,且位于同一第一冲片15上的多个子通流槽152的外围。
由此,当形成第一侧部104的所有第一冲片15层叠在一起时,形成第一侧部104的所有第一冲片15的子通流槽152连通且配合形成多个沿周向方向间隔分布在第一侧部104,且沿轴向方向在第一侧部104内延伸的多个第一通流槽1123,其中,每一第一通流槽1123均沿轴向方向贯穿第一侧部104。而第一通流槽1123又能与绝缘件配合形成位于第一侧部104的第一通流流道121,以供冷却液在其内流动而对第一侧部104和第一端部绕组23进行散热冷却。另外,形成第一侧部104的所有第一冲片15的分流槽153还可相互连通且配合形成多个沿周向方向间隔分布在第一侧部104,且沿轴向方向在第一侧部104内延伸的多个第一分流流道141。
而当形成第二侧部105的所有第二冲片16层叠在一起时,形成第二侧部105的所有第一冲片15的子通流槽152连通且配合形成多个沿周向方向间隔分布在第二侧部105,且沿轴向方向在第二侧部105内延伸的多个第二通流槽1124,其中,每一第二通流槽1124均沿轴向 方向贯穿第二侧部105。而第二通流槽1124又能与绝缘件配合形成位于第二侧部105的第二通流流道122,以供冷却液在其内流动而对第二侧部105和第二端部绕组24进行散热冷却。另外,形成第二侧部105的所有第一冲片15的分流槽153还可相互连通且配合形成多个沿周向方向隔分布在第二侧部105,且沿轴向方向在第二侧部105内延伸的多个第二分流流道142。
示例性地,子通流槽152沿径向方向的截面形态可如图8-图12所示的通流槽112的沿径向方向的截面形态保持一致,本申请实施例对此不做具体限制。
请参阅图41,每一第二冲片16上均设有多个第二线圈槽161和多个第一导流槽162,同一第二冲片16上的多个第二线圈槽161沿周向方向间隔设置,同一第二冲片16上的多个第一导流槽162沿周向方向间隔设置,且位于同一第二冲片16上的多个第二线圈槽161的外围。
示例性地,每一第一导流槽162沿径向方向的截面宽度可自第一导流槽162向第二线圈槽161逐渐减小而呈现杯状。
由此,当形成中部103的所有第二冲片16层叠在一起时,所有第二冲片16的第一导流槽162连通且配合形成多个沿周向方向间隔分布的多个第一导流流道131。
请参阅图42,每一第三冲片17上均设有多个第三线圈槽171、多个第二导流槽172和多个第三导流槽173,同一第三冲片17上的多个第三线圈槽171沿周向方向间隔设置。同一第三冲片17上的多个第二导流槽172沿周向方向间隔设置,且位于同一第三冲片17上的多个第三线圈槽171的外围。同一第三冲片17上的多个第三导流槽173沿周向方向间隔设置,且位于同一第三冲片17的多个第三线圈槽171和多个第二导流槽172之间。
示例性地,第三导流槽173沿径向方向的截面形态可呈矩形。同一第三冲片17的所有第二导流槽172可三个为一组而间隔排列(不局限为三个,也可以是一个、两个或三个以上),其中,第三冲片17上不规则的槽结构未来可形成定子铁芯10的焊道结构,此时,与第三冲片17配合的第二冲片16和第一冲片15上与第三冲片17形状相同的不规则的槽结构未来也可形成定子铁芯10的焊道结构,本实施例对此不做严格限制。
可以理解的是当形成中部103的所有第三冲片17层叠在一起时,所有第三冲片17的第二导流槽172连通且配合形成多个沿周向方向间隔分布的多个第二导流流道132,所有第三冲片17的第三导流槽173连通且配合形成多个沿周向方向间隔分布的多个第三导流流道133。
由此,当形成第一侧部104的所有第二冲片16、形成中部103的所有第一冲片15和第三冲片17及形成第二侧部105的所有第二冲片16依次连接在一起时,所有第一冲片15的第一线圈槽151、所有第二冲片16的第二线圈槽161、所有第三冲片17的第三线圈槽171连通且配合形成多个沿周向方向间隔分布的线圈槽111,每一线圈槽111均从第一侧部104依次延伸至中部103和第二侧部105。
基于上述描述,本实施例中,通过设置三种形态不同的第一冲片15、第二冲片16和第三冲片17,能够在所有冲片沿轴向方向层叠,且沿周向方向轮廓完全重叠时,一方面,能够根据产品的需要,各个冲片同一位置的槽结构可以形成设定的位置关系,例如各个冲片同一位置的所有槽结构完全重叠,以形成定子铁芯10的导流流道13、分流流道14和通流流道12。另一方面,此种层叠组装设计能够降低定子铁芯10的涡流损耗,实用性强,应用范围广泛。
第四实施例:
请结合参阅图43、图44、图45和图46,在本申请的第四实施例中,与上述第一实施例相同的内容不再赘述,与上述第一实施例不同的内容将在下文具体说明。
本实施例中,轭部101的外表面向内凹陷形成沿轴向方向延伸的连接槽106,连接槽106与电机壳体210的内表面2102连接而配合形成连接流道18,进液流道2120与连接流道18 连通。
通过设置连接流道18,能够使冷却液流入连接流道18时,能够直接对定子铁芯10进行散热,相对于仅通流流道12承担定子铁芯10和定子线圈20的散热,额外设置连接流道18而使定子铁芯10内部形成双层流道的设置,能够分担通流流道12的散热负荷,使得通流流道12的散热负荷减轻,有利于进一步提高定子铁芯10的冷却性能,从而进一步保证定子铁芯10的散热效率和散热可靠性。
具体而言,连接流道18的数量为多个,多个连接流道18沿周向方向间隔分布,且位于多个通流流道12的外围,从而呈现多个连接流道18沿定子铁芯10的周向间隔分布的布局。
示例性地,多个连接流道18沿周向方向等间距分布,也即为,多个连接流道18沿周向方向均匀分布。而多个连接流道18沿周向方向均匀分布的设置一方面能够使得定子铁芯10整体的温度较为均匀,另一方面能够在充分适应冷却液流动性的基础上,减少冷却液流动时会产生的不平衡量,从而将因不平衡量的产生而造成冷却液流阻升高,冷却液的流动性经受挑战,定子100难以正常工作的可能性降低到最小,有效保证定子100的使用性能。
请结合参阅图45、图46、图47和图48,定子100还包括第一端盖40和第二端盖50,第一端盖40和第二端盖50分别连接于定子100壳体的两端且与定子铁芯10的轴向两端抵接。
第一端盖40呈圆环状,包括第一本体41和凸设于第一本体41上的多个第一凸部42,多个第一凸部42沿周向方向间隔分布且能够与定子铁芯10抵接。第一本体41与定子100壳体和定子铁芯10配合形成第一均流流道191,第一均流流道191与多个连接流道18均连通。每一第一凸部42上均设有一个贯穿第一端盖40的第一出液口43。示例性地,第一端盖40为一体式结构。
第二端盖50呈圆环状,包括第二本体51和凸设于第二本体51上的多个第二凸部52,多个第二凸部52沿周向方向间隔分布且能够与定子铁芯10抵接。第二本体51与定子100壳体和定子铁芯10配合形成第二均流流道192,第二均流流道192与多个连接流道18均连通。每一第二凸部52上均设有一个贯穿第二端盖50的第二出液口53。示例性地,第二端盖50为一体式结构。
可以理解的是,当第一端盖40和第二端盖50层叠设置时,第一端盖40的第一出液口43与第二端盖50的第二出液口53并非正对设置,而是错位设置。也即为,第一端盖40上的每一第一出液口43均正对第二端盖50上的相邻两个第二凸部52之间的一个间隙。第二端盖50上的每一第二出液口53均正对第一端盖40上的相邻两个第一凸部42之间的一个间隙。
由此,相邻两个通流流道12分别与第一出液口43和第二出液口53连通,与第一出液口43连通的通流流道12还与第二均流流道192连通,与第二出液口53连通的通流流道12还与第一均流流道191连通。
换言之,相邻两个通流流道12的出口分别为第一出液口43和第二出液口53,也即为,相邻两个通流流道12中,一个通流流道12的冷却液会从第一端盖40的第一出液口43喷出至第一端部绕组23,另一个通流流道12的冷却液会从第二端盖50的第二出液口53喷出至第二端部绕组24。此设置下,冷却液能够经由三层流道(连接流道18、第一均流流道191和通流流道12,或者,连接流道18、第二均流流道192和通流流道12)再流出,能够充分增大与定子铁芯10的接触面积,散热能力强,冷却效率高。
基于上述描述,应当理解,连接流道18、第一均流流道191和第二均流流道192即为前文所述的能够连接进液流道2120和通流流道12的流道。本实施例中,进液流道2120、连接流道18、第一均流流道191、第二均流流道192和通流流道12共同形成电机200的冷却流道。
可以理解的是,此实施例中电机200的冷却流道的设计可以使冷却液通过设置在电机壳体210的进液流道2120流入连接流道18。而流入连接流道18的冷却液,一部分会从设置在第一端盖40的第一均流流道191流入通流流道12,并经由与通流流道12连通的第二端盖50的第二出液口53喷出至第二端部绕组24。另一部分会从设置在第二端盖50的第二均流流道192流入通流流道12,并经由与通流流道12连通的第一端盖40的第一出液口43喷出至第一端部绕组23。
由此,电机200的冷却流道兼顾了定子铁芯10和定子线圈20的散热需求,使得其能对定子铁芯10和定子线圈20一起进行散热冷却,有利于多元化定子100的使用性能,保证电机200的高速运转,实用性强,应用范围广泛。
如下将对本实施例中的定子铁芯10的形成原理进行说明。
请参阅图49,本实施例中,定子铁芯10包括多个第一冲片15,多个第一冲片15沿轴向方向层叠形成定子铁芯10。示例性地,第一冲片15材质为硅钢,也即为,第一冲片15均为硅钢片。
每一第一冲片15上均设有多个第一线圈槽151、多个子通流槽152和多个子连接槽154。同一第一冲片15上的多个第一线圈槽151沿周向方向间隔设置,同一第一冲片15上的多个子通流槽152沿周向方向间隔设置,且与位于同一第一冲片15上的多个第一线圈槽151一一对应连通。同一第一冲片15上的多个子连接槽154沿周向方向间隔设置,且位于同一第一冲片15上的多个子通流槽152的外围。
由此,当所有第一冲片15层叠在一起时,所有第一冲片15上的第一线圈槽151连通且配合形成多个沿周向方向间隔分布的线圈槽111,其中,每一线圈槽111均沿轴向方向贯穿定子铁芯10的轴向两端。
并且,所有第一冲片15的子通流槽152连通且配合形成多个沿周向方向间隔分布,且沿轴向方向延伸的多个通流槽112,其中,每一通流槽112均沿轴向方向贯穿定子铁芯10的轴向两端。而通流槽112又能与绝缘件配合形成通流流道12,以供冷却液在其内流动而对定子铁芯10和定子线圈20进行散热冷却。示例性地,子通流槽152沿径向方向的截面形态可如图8-图12所示的通流槽112的沿径向方向的截面形态保持一致,本申请实施例对此不做具体限制。
另外,所有第一冲片15的子连接槽154连通且配合形成多个沿周向方向间隔分布,且沿轴向方向延伸的多个连接槽106。而连接槽106又能与电机壳体210的内表面2102配合形成连接流道18,以供冷却液在其内流动而对定子铁芯10进行散热冷却。
基于上述描述,本实施例中,通过设置一种第一冲片15就能够在所有第一冲片15沿轴向方向层叠,且沿周向方向轮廓完全重叠时,一方面,能够根据产品的需要,各个冲片同一位置的槽结构可以形成设定的位置关系,例如各个冲片同一位置的所有槽结构完全重叠,以形成定子铁芯10的连接流道18和通流流道12。另一方面,此种层叠组装设计能够降低定子铁芯10的涡流损耗,实用性强,应用范围广泛。
结合参阅上述的四个具体实施例,应当理解,本申请的实施例中的通流槽112与绝缘件配合形成通流流道12的设置,一方面,能够在不额外增加流道的基础上,可实现冷却温度收益20℃~30℃,从而有效增加了定子100的散热能力。另一方面,通流流道12的设计热量传递路径更短,能够有效增大与定子铁芯10的接触面积,且还能兼顾定子线圈20和定子铁芯10的共同散热,散热效率高。
以上对本申请实施例进行了详细介绍,本文中应用了具体个例对本申请的原理及实施方 式进行了阐述,以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本申请的方法及其核心思想;同时,对于本领域的一般技术人员,依据本申请的思想,在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处,综上所述,本说明书内容不应理解为对本申请的限制。

Claims (30)

  1. 一种定子,其特征在于,所述定子包括定子铁芯和密封件;
    所述定子铁芯包括轭部和多个齿部,所述齿部的齿根连接至所述轭部,所述齿部的齿顶远离所述轭部,相邻两个所述齿部之间形成开槽;
    所述开槽包括相互连通的线圈槽和通流槽,所述线圈槽自所述齿顶延伸至所述齿根,所述线圈槽用于容纳定子线圈,所述通流槽自所述齿根延伸至所述轭部;
    所述密封件连接至所述开槽的内壁,且与所述通流槽的内壁共同形成用于供冷却液流过的通流流道。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的定子,其特征在于,所述定子还包括定子线圈,所述定子线圈包括芯部,所述芯部穿设于所述线圈槽;
    所述密封件位于所述芯部和所述线圈槽之间,且所述密封件包覆所述线圈槽的内壁。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的定子,其特征在于,所述定子线圈还包括连接于所述芯部的端部绕组,所述端部绕组位于所述定子铁芯的外侧,所述通流流道的出口朝向所述端部绕组。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的定子,其特征在于,所述通流槽包括主体部分和至少一个分支部分,所述主体部分与所述线圈槽连通,至少一个所述分支部分间隔分布在所述主体部分的周侧,且与所述主体部分连通。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的定子,其特征在于,所述通流槽为对称结构。
  6. 如权利要求1-5任一项所述的定子,其特征在于,所述轭部还设有沿径向方向延伸的导流流道;
    所述导流流道的进口开设于所述轭部的外表面,且用于将所述定子铁芯的外围结构件的进液流道中的冷却液引导至所述定子铁芯,所述导流流道的出口与所述通流流道的进口的至少部分连通。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的定子,其特征在于,所述轭部还设有沿轴向方向延伸的分流流道,所述分流流道相对所述通流流道远离所述齿部,所述分流流道的进口与所述导流流道连通,所述分流流道的出口开设于所述轭部的端面;
    所述分流流道在所述径向方向上的一端敞开,所述分流流道在所述径向方向上的另一端封闭;或者,
    所述分流流道在所述径向方向上的两端均封闭。
  8. 如权利要求6或7任一项所述的定子,其特征在于,所述定子铁芯包括中部和分别连接于所述中部两端的第一侧部和第二侧部,所述轭部和所述齿部均从所述第一侧部依次延伸至所述中部和所述第二侧部,所述导流流道位于所述中部。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的定子,其特征在于,所述通流流道包括第一通流流道和第二通流流道,所述第一通流流道和所述第二通流流道分别位于所述第一侧部和所述第二侧部,且所述第一通流流道和所述第二通流流道对称设置,所述第一通流流道和所述第二通流流道均连通所述导流流道和所述定子外空间。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的定子,其特征在于,所述分流流道包括第一分流流道和第二分流流道,所述第一分流流道和所述第二分流流道分别位于所述第一侧部和所述第二侧部,且所述第一分流流道和所述第二分流流道对称设置,所述第一分流流道和所述第二分流流道均连通所述导流流道和所述定子外空间。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的定子,其特征在于,所述导流流道包括一个第一导流流道、两个第二导流流道和两个第三导流流道,所述第一导流流道与所述定子铁芯的外围结构件的进 液流道连通;
    两个所述第二导流流道分别位于所述第一导流流道的入口的两侧,且一个所述第二导流流道连通所述第一导流流道和第一分流流道,另一个所述第二导流流道连通所述第一导流流道和第二分流流道;
    两个所述第三导流流道分别位于所述第一导流流道的出口的两侧,且一个所述第三导流流道连通所述第一导流流道和第一通流流道,另一个所述第三导流流道连通所述第一导流流道和第二通流流道。
  12. 如权利要求10或11任一项所述的定子,其特征在于,所述通流流道的数量为多个,多个所述通流流道沿周向方向间隔分布,所述导流流道的数量亦为多个,多个所述导流流道沿所述周向方向间隔分布;
    每一所述第一通流流道的进口均与一个所述导流流道的出口连通,每一所述第一通流流道的出口均开设于所述第一侧部的端面,每一所述第二通流流道的进口均与一个所述导流流道的出口连通,每一所述第二通流流道的出口均开设于所述第二侧部的端面;或者,
    每一所述第一通流流道的进口均与两个相邻的所述导流流道的出口连通,每一所述第一通流流道的出口均开设于所述第一侧部的端面,每一所述第二通流流道的进口均与两个相邻的所述导流流道的出口连通,每一所述第二通流流道的出口均开设于所述第二侧部的端面。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的定子,其特征在于,所述分流流道的数量亦为多个,多个所述分流流道沿所述周向方向间隔分布,且位于多个所述通流流道的外围;
    每一所述第一分流流道均位于所述第一侧部,每一所述第一分流流道的进口均与一个所述导流流道连通,每一所述第一分流流道的出口均开设于所述第一侧部的端面;
    每一所述第二分流流道均位于所述第二侧部,每一所述第二分流流道的进口均与一个所述导流流道连通,每一所述第二分流流道的出口均开设于所述第二侧部的端面。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的定子,其特征在于,所述定子铁芯包括多个第一冲片和多个第二冲片,多个所述第一冲片层叠形成所述第一侧部和所述第二侧部,多个所述第二冲片层叠形成所述中部;
    形成所述第一侧部的所有第一冲片、形成所述中部的所有第二冲片和形成所述第二侧部的所有第一冲片依次连接而配合形成所述定子铁芯。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的定子,其特征在于,每一所述第一冲片上均设有多个第一线圈槽,同一所述第一冲片上的多个所述第一线圈槽沿所述周向方向间隔设置;
    每一所述第二冲片上均设有多个第二线圈槽,同一所述第二冲片上的多个所述第二线圈槽沿所述周向方向间隔设置;
    所有所述第一冲片的所述第一线圈槽和所有所述第二冲片的所述第二线圈槽连通且配合形成多个沿所述周向方向间隔分布的所述线圈槽,每一所述线圈槽均从所述第一侧部依次延伸至所述中部和所述第二侧部。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的定子,其特征在于,每一所述第二冲片上还设有多个第一导流槽,同一所述第二冲片上的多个所述第一导流槽沿所述周向方向间隔设置,且位于同一所述第二冲片上的多个所述第二线圈槽的外围;
    所有所述第二冲片的第一导流槽连通且配合形成多个沿所述周向方向间隔分布的多个所述导流流道。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的定子,其特征在于,同一所述第二冲片上的每一所述第二线圈槽沿所述径向方向的中心线,均与同一所述第二冲片上的一个所述第一导流槽沿所述径向方 向的中心线共线;或者,
    同一所述第二冲片上的所有所述第二线圈槽沿所述径向方向的中心线,与同一所述第二冲片上的所有所述第一导流槽沿所述径向方向的中心线交错排布。
  18. 如权利要求13所述的定子,其特征在于,所述定子铁芯包括多个第一冲片、多个第二冲片和多个第三冲片;
    多个所述第一冲片层叠形成所述第一侧部和所述第二侧部,多个所述第二冲片层叠设置,多个所述第三冲片层叠设置在多个所述第二冲片的两侧,以与多个所述第二冲片配合形成所述中部;
    形成所述第一侧部的所有第一冲片、形成所述中部的所有第二冲片和所有第三冲片及形成所述第二侧部的所有第一冲片依次连接而配合形成所述定子铁芯。
  19. 如权利要求18所述的定子,其特征在于,每一所述第一冲片上均设有多个第一线圈槽,同一所述第一冲片上的多个所述第一线圈槽沿所述周向方向间隔设置;
    每一所述第二冲片上均设有多个第二线圈槽,同一所述第二冲片上的多个所述第二线圈槽沿所述周向方向间隔设置;
    每一所述第三冲片上均设有多个第三线圈槽,同一所述第三冲片上的多个所述第三线圈槽沿所述周向方向间隔设置;
    所有所述第一冲片的所述第一线圈槽、所有所述第二冲片的所述第二线圈槽、所有所述第三冲片的所述第三线圈槽连通且配合形成多个沿所述周向方向间隔分布的所述线圈槽,每一所述线圈槽均从所述第一侧部依次延伸至所述中部和所述第二侧部。
  20. 如权利要求19所述的定子,其特征在于,每一所述第二冲片上还设有多个第一导流槽,同一所述第二冲片上的多个所述第一导流槽沿所述周向方向间隔设置,且位于同一所述第二冲片上的多个所述第二线圈槽的外围;
    每一所述第三冲片上还设有多个第二导流槽和多个第三导流槽,同一所述第三冲片上的多个所述第二导流槽沿所述周向方向间隔设置,且位于同一所述第三冲片上的多个所述第三线圈槽的外围,同一所述第三冲片上的多个所述第三导流槽沿所述周向方向间隔设置,且位于同一所述第三冲片的多个所述第三线圈槽和多个所述第二导流槽之间;
    所有所述第二冲片的第一导流槽连通且配合形成多个沿所述周向方向间隔分布的多个所述第一导流流道;
    所有所述第三冲片的第二导流槽连通且配合形成多个沿所述周向方向间隔分布的多个所述第二导流流道;
    所有所述第三冲片的第三导流槽连通且配合形成多个沿所述周向方向间隔分布的多个所述第三导流流道。
  21. 如权利要求15或19任一项所述的定子,其特征在于,所述通流槽包括位于所述第一侧部的第一通流槽和位于所述第二侧部的第二通流槽;
    每一所述第一冲片上还设有多个子通流槽,同一所述第一冲片上的多个所述子通流槽沿所述周向方向间隔设置,且与位于同一所述第一冲片上的多个所述第一线圈槽一一对应连通;
    形成所述第一侧部的所有第一冲片的子通流槽连通且配合形成多个沿所述周向方向间隔分布,且沿所述轴向方向延伸的多个所述第一通流槽;
    形成所述第二侧部的所有第一冲片的子通流槽连通且配合形成多个沿所述周向方向间隔分布,且沿所述轴向方向延伸的多个所述第二通流槽。
  22. 如权利要求21所述的定子,其特征在于,每一所述第一冲片上还设有多个分流槽, 同一所述第一冲片上的多个所述分流槽沿所述周向方向间隔设置,且位于同一所述第一冲片上的多个所述子通流槽的外围;
    形成所述第一侧部的所有第一冲片的分流槽相互连通且配合形成多个沿所述周向方向间隔分布,且沿所述轴向方向延伸的多个所述第一分流流道;
    形成所述第二侧部的所有第一冲片的分流槽相互连通且配合形成多个沿所述周向方向隔分布,且沿所述轴向方向延伸的多个所述第二分流流道。
  23. 一种电机,其特征在于,所述电机包括电机壳体和如权利要求1-22任一项所述的定子,所述定子收容于所述电机壳体内部。
  24. 如权利要求23所述的电机,其特征在于,所述电机壳体的内表面设有环形的进液流道,所述电机壳体的外表面设有用于供冷却液流入的进液口,所述进液口与所述进液流道连通;
    所述进液流道与所述轭部的导流流道连通;或者,
    所述轭部的外表面向内凹陷形成沿所述轴向方向延伸的连接槽,所述连接槽与所述电机壳体的内表面连接而配合形成连接流道,所述进液流道与所述连接流道连通。
  25. 如权利要求24所述的电机,其特征在于,所述电机还包括第一端盖和第二端盖,所述第一端盖和所述第二端盖分别连接于所述定子壳体的两端且与所述定子铁芯的轴向两端抵接;
    所述连接流道的数量为多个,多个所述连接流道沿所述周向方向间隔分布;
    所述第一端盖包括第一本体和凸设于所述第一本体上的多个第一凸部,多个所述第一凸部沿所述周向方向间隔分布且与所述定子铁芯抵接,每一所述第一凸部上均设有一个贯穿所述第一端盖的第一出液口,所述第一本体与所述定子壳体和所述定子铁芯配合形成第一均流流道,所述第一均流流道与多个所述连接流道连通;
    所述第二端盖包括第二本体和凸设于所述第二本体上的多个第二凸部,多个所述第二凸部沿所述周向方向间隔分布且与所述定子铁芯抵接,每一所述第二凸部上均设有一个贯穿所述第二端盖的第二出液口,所述第二本体与所述定子壳体和所述定子铁芯配合形成第二均流流道,所述第二均流流道与多个所述连接流道连通;
    相邻两个所述通流流道分别与所述第一出液口和所述第二出液口连通,与所述第一出液口连通的通流流道还与所述第二均流流道连通,与所述第二出液口连通的通流流道还与所述第一均流流道连通。
  26. 如权利要求25所述的电机,其特征在于,所述定子铁芯包括多个第一冲片,多个所述第一冲片层叠形成所述定子铁芯;
    每一所述第一冲片上均设有多个第一线圈槽,同一所述第一冲片上的多个所述第一线圈槽沿所述周向方向间隔设置;
    所有所述第一冲片上的所述第一线圈槽连通且配合形成多个沿所述周向方向间隔分布的所述线圈槽。
  27. 如权利要求26所述的电机,其特征在于,每一所述第一冲片上还设有多个子通流槽,同一所述第一冲片上的多个所述子通流槽沿所述周向方向间隔设置,且与位于同一所述第一冲片上的多个所述第一线圈槽一一对应连通;
    形成所述定子铁芯的所有第一冲片的子通流槽连通且配合形成多个沿所述周向方向间隔分布,且沿所述轴向方向延伸的多个所述通流槽。
  28. 如权利要求27所述的电机,其特征在于,每一所述第一冲片上还设有多个子连接槽, 同一所述第一冲片上的多个所述子连接槽沿所述周向方向间隔设置,且位于同一所述第一冲片上的多个所述子通流槽的外围;
    形成所述定子铁芯的所有第一冲片的子连接槽连通且配合形成多个沿所述周向方向间隔分布,且沿所述轴向方向延伸的多个所述连接槽。
  29. 一种动力总成,其特征在于,所述动力总成包括电机控制器和如权利要求23-28任一项所述的电机,所述电机控制器与所述电机电连接。
  30. 一种电动车,其特征在于,所述电动车包括车架和如权利要求29所述的动力总成,所述动力总成安装于所述车架上。
PCT/CN2021/111356 2020-11-25 2021-08-06 定子、电机、动力总成及电动车 WO2022110895A1 (zh)

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