WO2022105032A1 - 一种用于3d打印机的z轴装置及3d打印机 - Google Patents

一种用于3d打印机的z轴装置及3d打印机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022105032A1
WO2022105032A1 PCT/CN2020/141268 CN2020141268W WO2022105032A1 WO 2022105032 A1 WO2022105032 A1 WO 2022105032A1 CN 2020141268 W CN2020141268 W CN 2020141268W WO 2022105032 A1 WO2022105032 A1 WO 2022105032A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
axis
mounting frame
printing platform
guide
guide portion
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PCT/CN2020/141268
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘辉林
唐京科
陈春
敖丹军
皮小园
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深圳市创想三维科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2022105032A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022105032A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
    • B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/227—Driving means
    • B29C64/232—Driving means for motion along the axis orthogonal to the plane of a layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor

Definitions

  • the present application belongs to the technical field of 3D printing platforms, and specifically relates to a Z-axis device for a 3D printer and a 3D printer.
  • 3D printer is a machine of rapid prototyping technology. It is based on digital model files, using special wax materials, powdered metals or plastics and other adhesive materials to create three-dimensional objects by printing layers of adhesive materials. ; FDM (Fused Deposition Rapid Prototyping) is currently the most widely used 3D printing technology. 3D printers using FDM technology use linear consumables, which are melted and deposited on the working platform. At this stage, most of the FDM 3D printer structure Typically includes an X, Y or Z axis drive structure.
  • the Z-axis drive structure adopts a combination of lead screw + optical axis + linear bearing.
  • the inner ball of the linear bearing has a certain elastic effect in the track, so that the printing platform installed on the Z-axis drive structure is in the During the descending process, under the action of the radial force of the lead screw, it will continuously swing, so that the surface of the printed model will appear wavy lines in all directions, and the surface will be uneven, which will affect the printing quality and accuracy.
  • the linear bearing adopts Extending the bearing or spacing the two linear bearings a certain distance, but this will affect the effective use of the Z-axis space.
  • the purpose of the present application is to provide a Z-axis device for 3D printers in order to overcome the existing technical defects, which utilizes the guide portion between the mounting frame and the Z-axis bracket to form a rigid connection, thereby improving the printing platform's resistance to the printing process.
  • the problem of swinging under the action of the radial force of the lead screw improves the printing accuracy and printing quality.
  • a Z-axis device for a 3D printer including:
  • the Z-axis drive mechanism is used to drive the printing platform to move up and down, and the Z-axis drive mechanism includes a Z-axis support, a lead screw spaced from the Z-axis support and arranged vertically, and a mounting frame threadedly connected to the lead screw and screw. And the drive device connected with the screw drive;
  • the printing platform is fixed relative to the mounting frame in the Z-axis direction, the Z-axis support is provided with a first guide portion, the mounting frame is provided with a second guide portion, and the first guide portion is connected to the mounting frame.
  • the second guide portion is adapted to limit the movement of the mounting bracket relative to the Z-axis bracket along the Z-axis direction.
  • cooperation between the first guide portion and the second guide portion is a manner of cooperation between the guide groove and the guide wheel.
  • first guide portion is a guide groove vertically arranged on the Z-axis bracket
  • second guide portion is a guide wheel adapted to the guide groove, and the guide wheel runs along the The guide groove moves back and forth along the Z-axis.
  • the guide wheel is mounted on the mounting frame by bolts and nuts, and an eccentric isolation column is sleeved on the bolts.
  • the mounting frame includes a horizontal mounting plate that is arranged horizontally and is threadedly connected to the lead screw, and a vertical mounting plate that is fixedly connected to the horizontal mounting plate, the guide wheel is arranged on the vertical mounting plate, and the printing The platform is fixedly connected with the horizontal mounting plate in the Z-axis direction.
  • a lead screw nut is fixedly mounted on the horizontal mounting plate, the lead screw vertically passes through the horizontal mounting plate, and is threadedly connected with the lead screw nut.
  • the guide wheels include a first pulley and a second pulley, and the first pulley and the second pulley are respectively clamped on the Z axis. in the guide grooves on both sides of the shaft bracket.
  • the Z-axis device also includes two fixed beams that are arranged at intervals in parallel and spanned between the two sets of the Z-axis drive mechanisms, each of the fixed beams.
  • the two ends of the two sets of the Z-axis drive mechanisms are respectively fixedly connected to the mounting frames, and the printing platform is fixed on the fixed beam through a leveling mechanism.
  • the leveling mechanism includes a screw rod, the upper end of the screw rod is fixedly connected with the printing platform, the lower end of the screw rod passes through the fixed beam and is provided with a hand-tight nut, and between the printing platform and the fixed beam A spring is sleeved on the screw rod.
  • the printing platform includes a bottom plate fixedly connected with the upper end of the screw rod and a panel movably arranged on the bottom plate, and a plurality of fixing clips for clamping the bottom plate and the panel are rotatably provided on the bottom plate.
  • the driving device is a motor, and the rotating shaft of the motor is connected with the lead screw through a coupling; the Z-axis bracket is a profile.
  • the present application also provides a 3D printer, comprising a chassis, a Z-axis device disposed in the chassis and the above-mentioned Z-axis device, a nozzle mechanism disposed above the printing platform and used for printing, and a nozzle mechanism for driving the nozzle mechanism to move along the Y direction.
  • a 3D printer comprising a chassis, a Z-axis device disposed in the chassis and the above-mentioned Z-axis device, a nozzle mechanism disposed above the printing platform and used for printing, and a nozzle mechanism for driving the nozzle mechanism to move along the Y direction.
  • a Y-axis belt conveying mechanism and an X-axis belt conveying mechanism for driving the spray head mechanism and the Y-axis belt conveying mechanism to move along the X direction.
  • a guide portion adapted to the Z-axis bracket is provided on the mounting frame used to connect the lead screw and the printing platform, and a rigid connection is formed by using the guide portion between the mounting frame and the Z-axis support to ensure installation.
  • the frame will not swing under the action of the radial force of the screw, thus improving the problem that the printing platform swings under the radial force of the screw during the printing process, and improving the printing accuracy and printing quality.
  • an isolation column is set between the second pulley and the mounting frame, so that the position of one end of the second pulley and the mounting frame remains fixed, and between the first pulley and the mounting frame Set the eccentric isolation column, and then adjust the position of the other end of the mounting frame by adjusting the position of the eccentric isolation column, so as to avoid the eccentric problem during the up and down movement of the mounting frame, and improve the smoothness of the movement; you can also adjust the leveling through the mechanism to adjust the levelness of the printing platform; in addition, in this application, the printing platform includes a bottom plate and a panel, and the bottom plate and the panel are fixed by a fixing clip, so that the panel can be taken out and replaced at any time before the next printing, so as to facilitate the later adjustment of the panel and the panel. The model printed on the panel is taken out together and the panel is cleaned, so as to avoid affecting the quality of the model and the residual printing consumables on the printing platform in the existing process of directly taking out the model itself,
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a Z-axis device in an embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the Z-axis device in the embodiment after removing the Z-axis drive mechanism
  • Fig. 3 is the exploded schematic diagram of the printing platform in the embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the Z-axis drive mechanism after removing the motor in the embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an eccentric isolation column in an embodiment
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the 3D printer in Example 2.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the 3D printer in Example 2.
  • Printing platform 101, bottom plate, 102, panel, 103, fixing clip, 2, Z-axis bracket, 21, guide groove, 3, lead screw, 4, lead screw nut, 5, mounting bracket, 51, horizontal mounting plate , 52, vertical mounting plate, 6, first pulley, 7, second pulley, 8, bolt, 9, nut, 10, eccentric isolation column, 11, isolation column, 12, fixed beam, 13, leveling mechanism, 131, screw, 132, hand nut, 133, spring, 14, drive device, 15, coupling, 100, Z-axis device, 200, chassis, 300, nozzle mechanism, 400, Y-axis belt transmission mechanism, 500, X-axis belt transmission mechanism, 600, display screen.
  • a Z-axis device 100 for a 3D printer shown in this embodiment includes a printing platform 1 and two sets of Z-axis devices disposed on both sides of the printing platform 1 and used to drive the printing platform 1 to move up and down.
  • each group of Z-axis drive mechanisms includes at least one Z-axis drive mechanism, preferably one in this embodiment, the Z-axis drive mechanism
  • the lead screw 3 arranged vertically inside the shaft bracket 2, the lead screw nut 4 arranged on the lead screw 3, and the driving device 14 connected to the lead screw 3, the printing platform 1 is driven by the two Z axes respectively through the mounting frame 5
  • the lead screw nut 4 in the mechanism is fixed, so that two Z-axis drive mechanisms are used to drive the up and down movement of the printing platform 1 at the same time, which is used to improve the balance and stability of the printing platform when it moves up and down, and also reduces the lead screw and driving device.
  • the bearing capacity is provided by the two driving devices at the same time, so a low-power motor and a low-load lead screw can be used, which can greatly reduce the cost and improve its service life.
  • the printing platform is fixed relative to the mounting frame in the Z-axis direction
  • the Z-axis support is provided with a first guide portion
  • the mounting frame is provided with a second guide portion
  • the first guide portion and the second guide portion are adapted to limit the movement of the mounting frame relative to the Z-axis bracket along the Z-axis direction, wherein the cooperation between the first guide portion and the second guide portion can be in the form of a guide groove and a guide wheel.
  • the first guide portion is a guide groove 21 vertically arranged on two opposite outer sides of the Z-axis bracket
  • the second guide portion is a guide wheel that cooperates with the guide groove, and guides the guide wheel through the guide groove. , and use the guide groove to define the guide wheel to avoid its position deviating from the Z-axis bracket.
  • the guide wheel includes a first pulley 6 and a second pulley 7 rotatably arranged on the outside of the mounting frame, and the first pulley 6 and the second pulley 7 are respectively clamped in the guide grooves 21 on both sides of the Z-axis bracket; the above structure In the middle, the first pulley and the second pulley clamped on both sides of the Z-axis bracket are set on the mounting frame used to connect the screw nut and the printing platform, and the rigid connection between the pulley and the Z-axis bracket is used to ensure that the mounting frame is In the process of moving up and down, there will be no problem of swinging under the action of the radial force of the lead screw, thus improving the problem of the printing platform swinging under the action of the radial force of the lead screw during the printing process, improving the printing accuracy and printing quality, and Use rolling friction to reduce friction during up and down sliding.
  • the first guide part can also be a guide wheel arranged on the Z-axis bracket
  • the second guide part is a guide groove arranged on the mounting frame, which can also achieve the purpose of guiding and limiting sliding; at the same time, in addition to this
  • the first pulley 6 and the second pulley 7 adopted in the embodiment other numbers of pulleys and guide grooves can also be used, as long as they can form a stable clamp for the Z-axis support and the mounting frame. Just hold and slide, so I won't go into details here.
  • the first pulley 6 and the second pulley 7 are both assembled and fixed on the mounting frame 5 through the cooperation of the bolts 8 and the nuts 9, and the nuts are located on the inner side of the mounting frame;
  • An eccentric isolation column 10 threadedly connected to the bolt 8 between the first pulley 6 and the mounting frame 5 is sleeved, and an isolation column 11 is sleeved on the bolt 8 between the second pulley 7 and the installation frame 5;
  • an isolation column is set between the second pulley and the mounting frame as a spacing function, but the distance between the pulley and the mounting frame cannot be adjusted, so that the position of the second pulley and one end of the mounting frame remains fixed, while An eccentric isolation column is arranged between the first pulley and the mounting frame, and then the position of the other end of the mounting frame can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the eccentric isolation column, so as to avoid the eccentric problem of the mounting frame in the process of moving up and down
  • the mounting frame 5 includes a horizontal mounting plate 51 that is arranged horizontally and is fixed with the screw nut 4 and a vertical mounting plate 52 that is fixedly connected to the outside of the horizontal mounting plate 51.
  • the screw 3 passes through the middle of one side of the horizontal mounting plate 51.
  • the first pulley 6 and the second pulley 7 are both arranged on the outer side of the vertical mounting plate 52
  • the printing platform 1 is fixed on the horizontal mounting plate 51
  • the lower arrangement is fixed to the outer side of the vertical mounting plate 52 .
  • the Z-axis device further includes two fixed beams 12 that are arranged in parallel in the front and rear and straddle the horizontal mounting plates 51 in the two Z-axis drive mechanisms, so that the printing platform is suspended in the air, and the four corners of the printing platform 1 are
  • a leveling mechanism 13 is respectively fixed on the two fixed beams 12, and four leveling mechanisms are used to adjust the levelness of the printing platform.
  • the leveling mechanism 13 includes a screw 131, the upper end of the screw 131 is fixedly connected with the printing platform 1, the lower end of the screw 131 passes through the fixing beam 12 and is provided with a hand-tightening nut 132, and is between the printing platform 1 and the fixing beam 12.
  • a spring 133 is sleeved on the screw 131 between the four leveling mechanisms 13, so that the levelness of the printing platform 1 can be fine-tuned by adjusting the compression length of the spring by twisting the hand-torque nuts on the four leveling mechanisms 13.
  • the printing platform 1 includes a bottom plate 101 fixedly connected with the upper end of the screw 131 and a panel 102 movably arranged on the bottom plate 101 , and two sides of the bottom plate 11 are rotated.
  • the fixing clip 103 used to clamp the base plate and the panel, one end of the fixing clip is fixed to the bottom surface of the base plate by a screw; when the panel needs to be taken out, first loosen the screw used to fix the fixing clip, and then rotate the fixing clip outward to make the
  • the fixing clip is separated from the panel, and the panel can be taken out directly; when the panel needs to be fixed, first loosen the screws used to fix the fixing clip, then rotate the fixing clip outwards, place the panel on the bottom plate, and then rotate the fixing clip inward to use
  • the base plate and the panel are clamped by the fixing clip, and then the screws that fix the fixing clip are tightened; in this structure, the base plate and the panel are fixed by the fixing clip, so that the panel can be removed and replaced at any time before the next printing.
  • the model formed on the panel is taken out together and the panel is cleaned to avoid affecting the quality of the model and the residual printing consumables on the printing platform in the existing process of directly taking out the model itself and affecting the next printing.
  • the driving device 14 is a motor, and the rotating shaft of the motor is movably connected to the lower end of the lead screw 3 through the coupling 15 .
  • the Z-axis bracket is a profile with a hollow structure inside, which is not only lightweight, but also has a stable structure, occupies a small space, and is easy to install and debug.
  • the pulley can be directly used in conjunction with the groove structure on the side of the profile.
  • a 3D printer shown in this embodiment includes a chassis 200, a Z-axis device 100 disposed in the chassis and shown in The nozzle mechanism 300, the Y-axis belt conveyor mechanism 400 for driving the nozzle mechanism 300 to move in the Y direction, and the X-axis belt conveyor mechanism 500 for driving the nozzle mechanism 300 and the Y-axis belt conveyor mechanism 400 to move in the X direction; in the above, The 3D printing of the model is completed on the printing platform through the nozzle mechanism through the cooperation of the Z-axis device, the X-axis belt transmission mechanism and the Y-axis belt transmission mechanism.
  • a display screen 600 for operation is also provided at the bottom of the chassis and in front of the printing platform.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

一种用于3D打印机的Z轴装置，包括打印平台（1）以及用于驱动打印平台上下移动的Z轴驱动机构，Z轴驱动机构包括Z轴支架（2）、与Z轴支架间隔并竖直设置的丝杠（3）、与丝杠螺纹传动连接的安装架（5）以及与丝杠传动连接的驱动装置（14）；打印平台相对于安装架在Z轴方向上固定，Z轴支架上设置有第一导向部，安装架上设置有第二导向部，第一导向部与第二导向部相适配，以限制所述安装架相对于所述Z轴支架沿Z轴方向移动。以及一种应用如上装置的3D打印机。利用安装架与Z轴支架之间的导向部形成刚性连接，确保安装架在上下移动的过程中不会受到丝杠径向力作用下出现摆动问题，从而提高了打印精度。

Description

一种用于3D打印机的Z轴装置及3D打印机 技术领域
本申请属于3D打印平台的技术领域，具体涉及一种用于3D打印机的Z轴装置及3D打印机。
背景技术
3D打印机是快速成形技术的一种机器，它是以数字模型文件为基础，运用特殊蜡材、粉末状金属或塑料等可粘合材料，通过打印一层层的粘合材料来制造三维的物体；FDM(熔融沉积快速成型技术)是目前应用最多的一种3D打印技术，采用FDM技术的3D打印机使用线形耗材，将其熔融后在工作平台上沉积成型，现阶段大部分FDM的3D打印机结构一般包括X、Y或Z轴驱动结构。
在现有的很多3D打印机中，Z轴驱动结构采用丝杠+光轴+直线轴承的组合，直线轴承内部滚珠在轨道里面具有一定的弹性作用，这样安装在Z轴驱动结构上的打印平台在下降过程中在丝杠径向力作用下会不断的摆动，从而打印的模型表面会出现各个方向的波浪纹，表面不平整，影响打印质量和精度，目前为了改善这种打印问题，直线轴承采用加长型轴承或者把两个直线轴承间隔一定距离，但这样会影响Z轴的有效使用空间。
实用新型内容
本申请目的在于为克服现有的技术缺陷，提供一种用于3D打印机的Z轴装置，利用安装架与Z轴支架之间的导向部形成刚性连接，从而改善了打印平台在打印过程中受到丝杠径向力作用下摆动的问题，提高了打印精度和打印质量。
为了解决上述技术问题，本申请提供了一种用于3D打印机的Z轴装置，包括：
打印平台；
Z轴驱动机构，用于驱动打印平台上下移动，所述Z轴驱动机构包括Z轴支架、与Z轴支架间隔并竖直设置的丝杠、与所述丝杠丝杠螺纹传动连接的安装架以及与丝杠传动连接的驱动装置；
所述打印平台相对于所述安装架在Z轴方向上固定，所述Z轴支架上设置有第一导向部，所述安装架上设置有第二导向部，所述第一导向部与所述第二导向部相适配，以限制所述安装架相对于所述Z轴支架沿Z轴方向移动。
进一步的，所述第一导向部和所述第二导向部之间的配合为导向槽与导向轮配合的方式。
进一步的，所述第一导向部为竖直设置在所述Z轴支架上的导向槽，所述第二导向部为与所述导向槽相适配的导向轮，所述导向轮沿所述导向槽沿Z轴方向来回移动。
进一步的，所述导向轮通过螺栓和螺母安装在所述安装架上，并且所述螺栓上套设有偏心隔离柱。
进一步的，所述安装架包括水平设置并与丝杠螺纹连接的水平安装板以及与水平安装板固定连接的竖直安装板，所述导向轮设于所述竖直安装板上，所述打印平台与所述水平安装板在Z轴方向上固定连接。
进一步的，所述水平安装板上固定安装有丝杠螺母，所述丝杠垂直穿过所述水平安装板，并与所述丝杠螺母螺纹连接。
进一步的，所述Z轴支架上相对的两外侧开设有所述导向槽，所述导向轮包括第一滑轮和第二滑轮，所述第一滑轮和所述第二滑轮分别对应夹持在Z轴支架两侧的导向槽中。
进一步的，所述Z轴驱动机构有两组，所述Z轴装置还包括两 根平行间隔设置并横跨设于两组所述Z轴驱动机构之间的固定横梁，每一所述固定横梁的两端分别对应与两组所述Z轴驱动机构的安装架固定连接，所述打印平台通过调平机构固定于所述固定横梁上。
进一步的，所述调平机构包括螺杆，所述螺杆的上端与打印平台固定连接，所述螺杆的下端穿过固定横梁并设有手拧螺母，且在所述打印平台和固定横梁之间的螺杆上套设有弹簧。
进一步的，所述打印平台包括与所述螺杆的上端固定连接的底板以及活动设于所述底板上的面板，所述底板上转动设有多个用于夹紧所述底板和面板的固定夹。
进一步的，所述驱动装置为电机，所述电机的转动轴通过联轴器与丝杠传动连接；所述Z轴支架为型材。
本申请还提供了一种3D打印机，包括机箱、设于机箱内并如上所述的Z轴装置、设于打印平台上方并用于打印的喷头机构、用于驱动所述喷头机构沿Y向移动的Y轴皮带传送机构以及用于驱动所述喷头机构和Y轴皮带传送机构沿X向移动的X轴皮带传送机构。
本申请具有以下有益效果：在用于连接丝杠和打印平台的安装架上设置与Z轴支架相适配的导向部，利用安装架与Z轴支架之间的导向部形成刚性连接，确保安装架在上下移动的过程中不会受到丝杠径向力作用下出现摆动的问题，从而改善了打印平台在打印过程中受到丝杠径向力作用下摆动的问题，提高了打印精度和打印质量；另外考虑到装配和加工等问题的影响，在第二滑轮与安装架之间设置隔离柱，使第二滑轮和安装架一端的位置保持固定不变，而在第一滑轮与安装架之间设置偏心隔离柱，进而可通过调整偏心隔离柱的位置来调节安装架另一端的位置，避免安装架在上下移动过程中存在偏心的问题，提高移动的顺滑性；还可通过其中的调平机 构来调节打印平台的水平度；另外本申请中打印平台包括底板和面板，且利用固定夹来固定住底板和面板，使得面板可随时进行取出更换再进行下一次打印，从而方便后期将面板与打印成型在面板上的模型一起取出和对面板进行清洗，避免现有中通过直接取出模型本身的过程中导影响模型的质量和打印耗材残留在打印平台上而影响下一次的打印。
本申请附加的方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，这些将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本申请的实践了解到。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，并不构成对本申请的不当限定，在附图中：
图1为实施例中Z轴装置的示意图；
图2为实施例中Z轴装置去除Z轴驱动机构后的示意图；
图3为实施例中打印平台的分解示意图；
图4为实施例中Z轴驱动机构去除电机后的仰视图；
图5为实施例中偏心隔离柱的示意图；
图6为实施例2中3D打印机的示意图。
附图中，各标号所代表的部件列表如下：
1、打印平台，101、底板，102、面板，103、固定夹，2、Z轴支架，21、导向槽，3、丝杠，4、丝杠螺母，5、安装架，51、水平安装板，52、竖直安装板，6、第一滑轮，7、第二滑轮，8、螺栓，9、螺母，10、偏心隔离柱，11、隔离柱，12、固定横梁，13、调平机构，131、螺杆，132、手拧螺母，133、弹簧，14、驱动装置，15、联轴器，100、Z轴装置，200、机箱，300、喷头机构，400、Y轴皮带传送机构，500、X轴皮带传送机构，600、显示屏。
具体实施方式：
为了更充分的理解本申请的技术内容，下面将结合附图以及具体实施例对本申请作进一步介绍和说明；需要说明的是，术语“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系未给予附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本使用信心和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”等描述，是用于区分不同的部件等，不代表先后顺序，也不限定“第一”和“第二”是不同的类型。
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例；基于本申请中的实施例，本领域技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
实施例1
如图1-5所示，本实施例所示的一种用于3D打印机的Z轴装置100，包括打印平台1、两组分设于打印平台1两侧并用于驱动打印平台1上下移动的Z轴驱动机构，且两组Z轴驱动机构相向对称设置，每组Z轴驱动机构包括至少一个Z轴驱动机构，本实施例中优选为一个，Z轴驱动机构包括Z轴支架2、设于Z轴支架2内侧并竖直设置的丝杠3、设于丝杠3上的丝杠螺母4以及与丝杠3传动连接的驱动装置14，打印平台1通过安装架5分别与两个Z轴驱动机构中的丝杠螺母4固定，从而利用两个Z轴驱动机构来同时驱动打印平台1的上下移动，用于提高打印平台上下移动时的平衡性和稳定性，还降低了丝杠和驱动装置所承受的承载力，由两个驱动装置同时提供驱动力，因此可以采用小功率电机、低载荷丝杠，可以大大降低成本并提高其的使用寿命。
如图1所示，打印平台相对于所述安装架在Z轴方向上固定，Z轴支架上设置有第一导向部，安装架上设置有第二导向部，第一导向部与第二导向部相适配，以限制安装架相对于Z轴支架沿Z轴方向移动，其中，第一导向部和第二导向部之间的配合可以采用导向槽与导向轮配合的方式。
在本实施例中，第一导向部为竖直设置在Z轴支架中相对的两外侧上的导向槽21，第二导向部为与导向槽配合的导向轮，通过导向槽对导向轮进行导向，且利用导向槽来限定住导向轮，避免其位置偏离Z轴支架。同时，导向轮包括转动设于安装架外侧的第一滑轮6和第二滑轮7，且第一滑轮6和第二滑轮7分别对应夹持在Z轴支架两侧的导向槽21中；上述结构中，在用于连接丝杠螺母和打印平台的安装架上设置夹持于Z轴支架两侧的第一滑轮和第二滑轮，利用滑轮与Z轴支架之间的刚性连接，确保安装架在上下移动的过程中不会受到丝杠径向力作用下出现摆动的问题，从而改善了打印平台在打印过程中受到丝杠径向力作用下摆动的问题，提高了打印精度和打印质量，并利用滚动摩擦，减少上下滑动过程中的摩擦力。当然，还可以采用第一导向部为设置在Z轴支架上的导向轮，第二导向部为设置在安装架上的导向槽的方式，同样可以达到导向限位滑动的目的；同时，除了本实施例中采用的相适配的导向槽21、第一滑轮6和第二滑轮7的方式，还可以采用其他数量的滑轮、导向槽，只要能对Z轴轴支架以及安装架形成稳定的夹持滑动即可，在此不再加以一一赘述。
如图1和图4所示，本实施例中，第一滑轮6和第二滑轮7均通过螺栓8和螺母9的配合组装固定于安装架5上，且螺母位于安装架的内侧；在第一滑轮6与安装架5之间的螺栓8上套设有与其螺纹连接的偏心隔离柱10，第二滑轮7与安装架5之间的螺栓8上套设有隔离柱11；考虑到装配和加工等问题的影响，在第二滑轮与 安装架之间设置隔离柱作为间隔作用，但不能调节滑轮与安装架之间的间距，使第二滑轮和安装架一端的位置保持固定不变，而在第一滑轮与安装架之间设置偏心隔离柱，进而可通过调整偏心隔离柱的位置来调节安装架另一端的位置，避免安装架在上下移动过程中存在偏心的问题，提高移动的顺滑性。
具体的，安装架5包括水平设置并与丝杠螺母4固定的水平安装板51以及与水平安装板51外侧固定连接的竖直安装板52，丝杠3从水平安装板51一侧的中间穿过，第一滑轮6和第二滑轮7均设于竖直安装板52的外侧，打印平台1固定于水平安装板51上，且第一滑轮6和第二滑轮7均有两个，并以上下排布的方式固定于竖直安装板52的外侧。
本实施例中，Z轴装置还包括两根前后平行设置并横跨设于两个Z轴驱动机构中的水平安装板51上的固定横梁12，使打印平台悬空设置，打印平台1的四角均通过一个调平机构13分别固定于两根固定横梁12上，利用四个调平机构来调节打印平台的水平度。
具体的，调平机构13包括螺杆131，该螺杆131的上端与打印平台1固定连接，螺杆131的下端穿过固定横梁12并设有手拧螺母132，且在打印平台1和固定横梁12之间的螺杆131上套设有弹簧133，从而通过拧四个调平机构13上的手扭螺母调节弹簧的压缩长度来微调打印平台1的水平度。
如图1至图3所示，本实施例中，打印平台1包括与螺杆131的上端固定连接的底板101以及活动设于底板101上的面板102，底板11的两侧均转动设有两个用于夹紧底板和面板的固定夹103，该固定夹的一端通过螺丝固定于底板的底面；在需要取出面板时，先拧松用于固定固定夹的螺丝，而后向外旋转固定夹，使固定夹脱离面板，进而可直接取出面板；在需要固定面板时，先拧松用于固定固定夹的螺丝，而后向外旋转固定夹，将面板置于底板上，而后 向内旋转固定夹，利用固定夹夹住底板和面板，再拧紧固定固定夹的螺丝；该结构中，利用固定夹来固定住底板和面板，使得面板可随时进行取出更换再进行下一次打印，从而方便后期将面板与打印成型在面板上的模型一起取出和对面板进行清洗，避免现有中通过直接取出模型本身的过程中导影响模型的质量和打印耗材残留在打印平台上而影响下一次的打印。
本实施例中，驱动装置14为电机，电机的转动轴通过联轴器15与丝杠3传的下端动连接。
于其它实施例中，Z轴支架为型材，其内部为中空结构，不仅轻便，而且结构稳固，占用空间小，安装调试方便，另外滑轮可直接于型材侧边上的槽结构配合使用。
实施例2
如图1-6所示，本实施例所示的一种3D打印机，包括机箱200、设于机箱内并如实施例1所示的Z轴装置100、设于打印平台1上方并用于打印的喷头机构300、用于驱动喷头机构300沿Y向移动的Y轴皮带传送机构400以及用于驱动喷头机构300和Y轴皮带传送机构400沿X向移动的X轴皮带传送机构500；上述中，利用Z轴装置、X轴皮带传送机构和Y轴皮带传送机构的配合通过喷头机构在打印平台上完成模型的3D打印。
具体的，还在机箱内的底部并位于打印平台的前方设有用于操作的显示屏600。
以上对本申请实施例所提供的技术方案进行了详细介绍，本文中应用了具体个例对本申请实施例的原理以及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只适用于帮助理解本申请实施例的原理；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本申请实施例，在具体实施方式以及应用范围上均会有改变之处，综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本申请的限制。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于3D打印机的Z轴装置，其特征在于，包括：
    打印平台；
    Z轴驱动机构，用于驱动打印平台上下移动，所述Z轴驱动机构包括Z轴支架、与Z轴支架间隔并竖直设置的丝杠、与所述丝杠螺纹传动连接的安装架以及与丝杠传动连接的驱动装置；
    所述打印平台相对于所述安装架在Z轴方向上固定，所述Z轴支架上设置有第一导向部，所述安装架上设置有第二导向部，所述第一导向部与所述第二导向部相适配，以限制所述安装架相对于所述Z轴支架沿Z轴方向移动。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的用于3D打印机的Z轴装置，其特征在于，所述第一导向部和所述第二导向部之间的配合为导向槽与导向轮配合的方式。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的用于3D打印机的Z轴装置，其特征在于，所述第一导向部为竖直设置在所述Z轴支架上的导向槽，所述第二导向部为与所述导向槽相适配的导向轮，所述导向轮沿所述导向槽沿Z轴方向来回移动。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的用于3D打印机的Z轴装置，其特征在于，所述导向轮通过螺栓和螺母安装在所述安装架上，并且所述螺栓上套设有偏心隔离柱。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的用于3D打印机的Z轴装置，其特征在于，所述安装架包括水平设置并与丝杠螺纹连接的水平安装板以及与水平安装板固定连接的竖直安装板，所述导向轮设于所述竖直安装板上，所述打印平台与所述水平安装板在Z轴方向上固定连接。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的用于3D打印机的Z轴装置，其特征在于，所述水平安装板上固定安装有丝杠螺母，所述丝杠垂直穿过所述水平安装板，并与所述丝杠螺母螺纹连接。
  7. 如权利要求3中所述的用于3D打印机的Z轴装置，其特征在于，所述Z轴支架上相对的两外侧开设有所述导向槽，所述导向轮包括第一滑轮和第二滑轮，所述第一滑轮和所述第二滑轮分别对应夹持在Z轴支架两侧的导向槽中。
  8. 如权利要求3中所述的用于3D打印机的Z轴装置，其特征在于，所述Z轴驱动机构有两组，所述Z轴装置还包括两根平行间隔设置并横跨设于两组所述Z轴驱动机构之间的固定横梁，每一所述固定横梁的两端分别对应与两组所述Z轴驱动机构的安装架固定连接，所述打印平台通过调平机构固定于所述固定横梁上。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的用于3D打印机的Z轴装置，其特征在于，所述调平机构包括螺杆，所述螺杆的上端与打印平台固定连接，所述螺杆的下端穿过固定横梁并设有手拧螺母，且在所述打印平台和固定横梁之间的螺杆上套设有弹簧。
  10. 一种3D打印机，其特征在于，包括机箱、设于机箱内并如权利要求1-9任一项所述的Z轴装置、设于打印平台上方并用于打印的喷头机构、用于驱动所述喷头机构沿Y向移动的Y轴皮带传送机构以及用于驱动所述喷头机构和Y轴皮带传送机构沿X向移动的X轴皮带传送机构。
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CN108859105A (zh) * 2018-07-24 2018-11-23 芜湖市爱三迪电子科技有限公司 一种高精度高可靠且易用的消费级3d打印机
CN111016166A (zh) * 2019-12-18 2020-04-17 浙江理工大学 一种双头多功能3d打印机
CN111251601A (zh) * 2020-02-28 2020-06-09 江苏徐工工程机械研究院有限公司 一种3d打印机的运动装置

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