WO2022102739A1 - 脱細胞化組織組成物 - Google Patents
脱細胞化組織組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022102739A1 WO2022102739A1 PCT/JP2021/041694 JP2021041694W WO2022102739A1 WO 2022102739 A1 WO2022102739 A1 WO 2022102739A1 JP 2021041694 W JP2021041694 W JP 2021041694W WO 2022102739 A1 WO2022102739 A1 WO 2022102739A1
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- decellularized tissue
- decellularized
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- tissue composition
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Images
Classifications
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- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/36—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix
- A61L27/3604—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix characterised by the human or animal origin of the biological material, e.g. hair, fascia, fish scales, silk, shellac, pericardium, pleura, renal tissue, amniotic membrane, parenchymal tissue, fetal tissue, muscle tissue, fat tissue, enamel
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- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/14—Macromolecular materials
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- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/36—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix
- A61L27/3604—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix characterised by the human or animal origin of the biological material, e.g. hair, fascia, fish scales, silk, shellac, pericardium, pleura, renal tissue, amniotic membrane, parenchymal tissue, fetal tissue, muscle tissue, fat tissue, enamel
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/36—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix
- A61L27/3683—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix subjected to a specific treatment prior to implantation, e.g. decellularising, demineralising, grinding, cellular disruption/non-collagenous protein removal, anti-calcification, crosslinking, supercritical fluid extraction, enzyme treatment
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- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/50—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
- A61L27/54—Biologically active materials, e.g. therapeutic substances
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
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- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N5/00—Undifferentiated human, animal or plant cells, e.g. cell lines; Tissues; Cultivation or maintenance thereof; Culture media therefor
- C12N5/06—Animal cells or tissues; Human cells or tissues
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- A61L2300/00—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices
- A61L2300/20—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices containing or releasing organic materials
- A61L2300/252—Polypeptides, proteins, e.g. glycoproteins, lipoproteins, cytokines
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- A61L2430/00—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration
- A61L2430/40—Preparation and treatment of biological tissue for implantation, e.g. decellularisation, cross-linking
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2533/00—Supports or coatings for cell culture, characterised by material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2533/00—Supports or coatings for cell culture, characterised by material
- C12N2533/90—Substrates of biological origin, e.g. extracellular matrix, decellularised tissue
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a decellularized tissue composition.
- Decellularization means removing cellular components such as nucleic acids that are antigenic to the transplantee, thereby avoiding immune rejection.
- the decellularized tissue can be produced by decellularizing the living tissue using, for example, a treatment liquid containing a surfactant (Patent Documents 1 to 3).
- an object of the present invention is to provide a decellularized tissue exhibiting appropriate strength and good tissue regeneration.
- the decellularized tissue composition according to [1] which further contains protein B having (a) a molecular weight of 3,000 to 15,000 and (b) an isoelectric point: pI3.00 to 5.50.
- the decellularized tissue composition of the present invention since it exhibits appropriate strength and excellent cell adhesion, it exhibits good tissue regeneration ability (for example, cell-inducing effect and differentiation-inducing effect) in vivo. Can be done. In addition, by having excellent strength, it exhibits excellent handling performance at the time of treatment.
- the decellularized tissue composition of the present invention comprises a decellularized tissue and a protein having (a) a molecular weight of 30,000 to 70,000 and (b) an isoelectric point: pI6.00 to 9.00 (hereinafter, protein). (Sometimes referred to as A) and.
- the decellularized tissue composition of the present invention is a protein having (a) a molecular weight of 3,000 to 15,000 and (b) an isoelectric point: pI3.00 to 5.50 (hereinafter, may be referred to as protein B). ) May be included.
- the decellularized tissue is a tissue from which cell components have been removed from animal-derived tissue, and is a tissue whose main component is extracellular matrix components such as elastin, collagen (type I, type IV, etc.) and laminin. It has a low rejection reaction at the time of transplantation, can be expected to establish and reconstruct the cells at the transplant destination, and functions as a scaffold for the cells.
- a method for obtaining the decellularized tissue contained in the composition of the present invention a conventionally known method can be used.
- the method for decellularization is not particularly limited as long as the effect of the present invention can be obtained, but for example, a method by high hydrostatic pressure treatment, a method by freeze-thaw treatment, and a surfactant are used.
- Methods, treatment with an alcohol solvent, etc. may be mentioned, and two or more of these may be combined, and high hydrostatic pressure treatment is performed in order to efficiently obtain a decellularized tissue composition and to exert the effect of the present invention.
- the method according to is preferable.
- the decellularized tissue used in the decellularized tissue composition of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a vertebrate-derived biological tissue, but since there are few rejection reactions, a mammalian or bird-derived biological tissue is preferable.
- Mammalian livestock, bird livestock or human-derived biological tissues are more preferred because they are readily available.
- Mammal livestock include cows, horses, camels, raccoons, donkeys, yaks, sheep, pigs, goats, deer, alpaca, dogs, raccoon dogs, weasels, foxes, cats, rabbits, hamsters, guinea pigs, rats, mice, squirrels, Examples include raccoons.
- livestock of birds examples include inco, parrot, chicken, duck, turkey, guinea fowl, guinea fowl, pheasant, ostrich, quail, and emu.
- bovine, pig, rabbit, and human biological tissues are preferable because of the stability of availability.
- a site having an extracellular matrix structure can be used, and such sites include, for example, liver, kidney, urinary tract, bladder, urethra, tongue, tongue, esophagus, stomach, and small intestine.
- examples include the large intestine, anus, pancreas, heart, blood vessels, spleen, lungs, brain, bones, spinal cord, cartilage, testis, uterus, oviduct, ovary, placenta, cornea, skeletal muscle, tendon, nerve, and skin.
- a site of living tissue it is preferably in cartilage, bone, liver, kidney, heart, heart membrane, aorta, skin, small intestinal submucosal tissue, lung, brain, internal thoracic artery, or spinal cord because of its high effect of tissue regeneration.
- the heart membrane, internal thoracic artery, liver, cartilage, skin, small intestinal submucosal tissue, or spinal cord is preferably in cartilage, bone, liver, kidney, heart, heart membrane, aorta, skin, small intestinal submucosal tissue, lung, brain, internal thoracic artery, or spinal cord.
- a hydrostatic pressure of 50 to 1500 MPa is applied to the tissue derived from a living body in a medium.
- the hydrostatic pressure to be applied is preferably 50 MPa or more, a pressure vessel that can withstand the application is not required, a large amount of energy is not required, and the medium used for the application is an aqueous medium. Is preferably 1500 MPa or less from the viewpoint of producing ice and preventing the tissue from being damaged by the generated ice.
- the hydrostatic pressure to be applied is more preferably 80 to 1300 MPa, further preferably 90 to 1200 MPa, further preferably 95 to 1100 MPa, further preferably 95 to 700 MPa, and 400 to 700 MPa are decellularization effect, sterilization effect and virus-free. It is most preferable from the viewpoint of activating effect and ease of application.
- Examples of the medium used for applying the hydrostatic pressure include water, physiological saline, water for injection, propylene glycol or an aqueous solution thereof, glycerin or an aqueous solution thereof, and a saccharide aqueous solution.
- Examples of the buffer solution include acetate buffer solution, phosphate buffer solution, citric acid buffer solution, borate buffer solution, tartrate buffer solution, Tris buffer solution, HEEPS buffer solution, MES buffer solution and the like. These media may contain a surfactant.
- the temperature of the high hydrostatic pressure treatment is not particularly limited as long as it does not generate ice and does not damage the tissue due to heat, but it is 0 to 0 because the decellularization treatment is smoothly performed and the effect on the tissue is small. 45 ° C. is preferable, 4 to 37 ° C. is more preferable, and 15 to 35 ° C. is most preferable. If the time of high hydrostatic pressure treatment is too short, cells will not be sufficiently destroyed, and if it is long, it will lead to waste of energy. Therefore, in high hydrostatic pressure treatment, the time to maintain the target applied pressure is 1 to 1 to 1. 120 minutes is preferable, 5 to 60 minutes is more preferable, and 7 to 30 minutes is even more preferable.
- the tissue treated with high hydrostatic pressure is preferably treated with a nucleolytic enzyme.
- Nucleic acid-degrading enzymes remove nucleic acid components from living tissues to which hydrostatic pressure is applied, and are not particularly limited, but are, for example, pancreas-derived, spleen-derived, or Escherichia coli-derived DNase (for example, DNase I, DNase II) can be mentioned.
- the nucleic acid-degrading enzyme can be added to the medium used for the high hydrostatic pressure treatment (for example, water, physiological saline, injection solution, buffer solution, etc.) and allowed to act.
- the amount of enzyme to be added varies depending on the type of enzyme and the definition of the number of units (U), but can be appropriately set by those skilled in the art.
- DNase I may be used at 50 to 200 U / mL.
- the treatment temperature also varies depending on the nucleolytic enzyme used, but may be set to, for example, 1 ° C to 40 ° C.
- the treatment time is also not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 1 to 120 hours (preferably 1 to 96 hours, more preferably 1 to 48 hours). Time processing is sufficient.
- the tissue treated with high hydrostatic pressure is washed with a washing liquid.
- the cleaning solution may be the same as or different from the medium for high hydrostatic pressure treatment.
- the cleaning liquid preferably contains an organic solvent or a chelating agent.
- the organic solvent can improve the efficiency of removing lipids, and the chelating agent inactivates calcium ions and magnesium ions in the decellularized tissue to make the particulate decellularized tissue of the present invention into a diseased part. It can prevent calcification when applied.
- the organic solvent a water-soluble organic solvent is preferable, and ethanol, isopropanol, acetone, and dimethyl sulfoxide are preferable because the effect of removing lipids is high.
- Chelating agents include ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), diethylenetriminpentaacetic acid (DTPA), hydroxyethylethylenediaminetriacetic acid (HEDTA), triethylenetetraminehexacetic acid (TTHA), 1,3-propane.
- EDTA ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid
- NTA nitrilotriacetic acid
- DTPA diethylenetriminpentaacetic acid
- HEDTA hydroxyethylethylenediaminetriacetic acid
- TTHA triethylenetetraminehexacetic acid
- Diaminetetraacetic acid PDTA
- 1,3-diamino-2-hydroxypropanetetraacetic acid DPTA-OH
- HIDA hydroxyethyliminodiacetic acid
- DHEG dihydroxyethylglycine
- GEDTA glycol etherdiaminetetraacetic acid
- Iminocarboxylic acid-based chelating agents such as dicarboxymethyl glutamic acid (CMGA), 3-hydroxy-2,2'-iminodysuccinic acid (HIDA), dicarboxymethyl aspartic acid (ASDA) or salts thereof; citric acid, tartrate acid, malic acid.
- a hydroxycarboxylic acid-based chelating agent such as lactic acid or a salt thereof, and examples of the salt of these chelating agents include a sodium salt or a potassium salt.
- the cleaning temperature is not particularly limited as long as it does not damage the tissue due to heat, but is preferably 0 to 45 ° C., more preferably 1 to 40 ° C., because the cleaning property is good and the effect on the tissue is small. Most preferably 2 to 35 ° C. In the case of washing, the washing liquid may be shaken or stirred as necessary.
- the biological tissue is subjected to a temperature of -80 to -20 ° C (preferably -80 to -40 ° C) for 1 to 48 hours (preferably 10 to 10 to 40 ° C). After holding and freezing for 30 hours, the step of thawing at a temperature of 20 to 37 ° C. is repeated once or twice or more (preferably 2 to 5 times). After that, it is preferable to carry out the nucleolytic enzyme treatment, and the nucleolytic enzyme treatment may be carried out by the same method as the treatment in the high hydrostatic pressure treatment. In the freeze-thawed living tissue, the cells in the tissue are destroyed, and these cells are removed by the washing solution. The cleaning method may be the same as that used in the high hydrostatic pressure treatment.
- the biological tissue is treated with a detergent solution (for example, 0.25 mass% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) solution) from 1 to 48. Shake at 2-10 ° C (preferably 4 ° C) for an hour (preferably 12-36 hours).
- a detergent solution for example, 0.25 mass% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) solution
- SDS sodium dodecyl sulfate
- different surfactant solutions eg, 0.5% mass% Triton X (polyoxyethylene octylphenyl ether) solution
- 1 to 48 hours preferably 12 to 36 hours
- 2 to 10 ° C. preferably
- It may be shaken at 4 ° C.
- Surfactants include, but are not limited to, sodium dodecyl sulphate, alkyl sulfonates, alkyl sulphates, polyoxyethylene alkyl sulfates, ⁇ -sulfofatty acid ester salts, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, etc.
- Examples thereof include polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether (for example, polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether) and alkyl (poly) glycosides.
- the tissue derived from the living body is sonicated (for example, intensity: 10 W / cm 2 , frequency: 10 kHz, action time: in physiological saline, for example). 2 minutes). Then, preferably in a surfactant solution (eg, 1% mass% Triton X (polyoxyethylene octylphenyl ether) solution) for 1 to 120 hours (preferably 12 to 120 hours), 2 to 10 ° C. (preferably). Shake at 4 ° C). Further, it is preferable to carry out the nucleolytic enzyme treatment, and the nucleolytic enzyme treatment may be carried out by the same method as the treatment in the high hydrostatic pressure treatment. After that, it is preferable to wash by the same method as the washing in the high hydrostatic pressure treatment.
- a surfactant solution eg, 1% mass% Triton X (polyoxyethylene octylphenyl ether) solution
- the obtained decellularized tissue is not limited, but is preferably freeze-dried. Freeze-drying can be omitted depending on the site of the living tissue. Further, the obtained decellularized tissue may be sterilized by gamma ray irradiation, UV irradiation or the like, and it is preferable to sterilize by gamma ray irradiation.
- the content of the decellularized tissue is preferably 90.0 to 100.0% by mass, preferably 95.0 to 100.0% by mass, based on the decellularized tissue composition, from the viewpoint of exerting the effect of the present invention. % Is more preferable, 96.0 to 100.0% by mass is further preferable, and 97.0 to 100.0% by mass is most preferable.
- the DNA content of the decellularized tissue composition is low, but in the decellularized tissue composition of the present invention, the DNA content per dry mass is higher than that of the decellularized tissue composition. It is preferably 0.0300% by mass or less. This can prevent rejection from occurring when used in regenerative medicine.
- the decellularized DNA ratio of the decellularized tissue composition of the present invention is more preferably 0.0250% by mass or less, further preferably 0.0200% by mass or less, and 0. It is more preferably 0.0150% by mass or less, and most preferably 0.0120% by mass or less.
- the decellularized DNA ratio is 0.0150% by mass or less, it is preferable in that the cell adhesion to the decellularized tissue composition is particularly easy to be enhanced.
- the lower limit of the decellularized DNA ratio is not particularly limited, but is preferably as low as possible, preferably 0.0001% by mass or more, and further preferably 0.0002% by mass or more from the viewpoint of ease of realization.
- the DNA content can be measured by the picogreen method.
- a dry test piece of the decellularized tissue composition (hereinafter, may be referred to as a sample) is immersed in a proteolytic enzyme solution to dissolve it, and then treated with phenol / chloroform to remove the protein, and then subjected to an ethanol precipitation method. Collect DNA.
- the recovered DNA is fluorescently stained with picogreen (Life Technologies) to quantify the DNA by measuring the fluorescence intensity, and the DNA content (mass) of the sample is calculated.
- a calibration curve prepared using the standard DNA attached to Pico Green is used. From the dry mass and DNA content of the sample, the DNA ratio is calculated according to the following formula.
- the decellularized tissue composition of the present invention comprises protein A having (a) a molecular weight of 30,000 to 70,000 and (b) an isoelectric point: pI 6.00 to 9.00.
- the decellularized tissue composition of the present invention may further contain a protein having (a) a molecular weight of 3,000 to 15,000 and (b) an isoelectric point: pI3.00 to 5.50. Thereby, the effect of the present invention can be more exerted.
- the molecular weight and isoelectric point (pI) of the protein can be determined, for example, by two-dimensional electrophoresis of the protein, and identification of the protein can be performed by mass spectrometry.
- either isoelectric point separation or molecular weight separation may be performed first (as the first dimension), but from the viewpoint of improving the accuracy of measurement, the isoelectric point separation is performed in the first dimension. It is preferable to perform molecular weight separation in the second dimension.
- Two-dimensional electrophoresis can be performed according to a conventional method, and commercially available kits and devices can be used. For example, isoelectric focusing is performed using a capillary gel or strip gel as a separation medium, and the gel after completion of the electrophoresis is used as a planar gel (for example, SDS-polyacrylamide gel) to develop the isoelectric focusing.
- the molecular weight can be separated by performing electrophoresis in the direction perpendicular to the relative weight.
- electrophoresis By staining the gel subjected to two-dimensional electrophoresis according to a conventional method, the presence or absence of protein, the molecular weight, and the isoelectric point can be confirmed.
- the molecular weight of the protein A is preferably 30,000 to 70,000, more preferably 30,000 to 50,000, and even more preferably 30,000 to 40,000 from the viewpoint of exerting the effect of the present invention.
- the isoelectric point (pI) of the protein A is preferably 6.00 to 9.00, more preferably 6.00 to 8.50, and even more preferably 6.50 to 8.50.
- the protein A is preferably annexin.
- Annexin is a protein with a curved core domain consisting of so-called annexin repeats (about 70 amino acid residues) having 4 or 8 ⁇ -helix structures.
- the amino-terminal domain is a sequence unique to each annexin (residues 11 to 196), but the carboxy-terminal domain is well conserved among the annexins.
- the calcium binding site and the phospholipid binding site are located on the domain on the carboxy-terminal side.
- the molecular weight of annexin VI with 8 annexin repeats is about 66 k.
- the origin of the annexin contained in the decellularized tissue composition is not particularly limited as long as it is derived from eukaryotes, but annexins derived from mammals or birds are preferable.
- Mammals include cows, horses, camels, ryamas, donkeys, yaks, sheep, pigs, goats, deer, alpaca, dogs, raccoon dogs, weasels, foxes, cats, rabbits, hamsters, guinea pigs, rats, mice, squirrels, or raccoons. And so on.
- birds include inco, parrot, chicken, duck, turkey, goose, guinea fowl, pheasant, ostrich, quail, and emu.
- annexins A1 to A11 and A13 are present and have a binding site between Ca 2+ and phospholipids.
- S100A10 having a C-terminal lysine binds to the N-terminal region of the concave surface of annexin A2, and becomes a binding site for tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) and plasminogen.
- the annexin contains annexins having different modifications. That is, it comprises phosphorylated, glycosylated, ubiquitinated, nitrosylated, methylated, or acetylated, or unmodified annexins.
- the annexin A2 described in the examples is three kinds of annexin A2 having different phosphorylation, and all of them can show the effect of the present invention.
- the decellularized tissue composition of the present invention can include, but is not limited to, a variant of annexin as long as the effects of the present invention can be obtained.
- Annexin variants include, for example. (1) One or more (preferably 1 to 10, more preferably 1 to 7) as a whole at one or more of the amino acid sequences of annexin (for example, the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1). More preferably 1-5), eg, a polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence in which 1-several amino acids have been deleted, substituted, inserted, and / or added as a whole and have annexin activity, or (2).
- a polypeptide having an amino acid sequence having 90% or more homology with the amino acid sequence of annexin (for example, the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1) and having annexin activity can be mentioned.
- the activity of annexin include the ability to bind "Ca 2+ and phospholipids".
- the decellularized tissue composition of the present invention may be used to improve cell adhesion as compared with a cell-free tissue composition.
- the variant may be a polypeptide consisting of an amino acid sequence in which one or several amino acids have been deleted, substituted, inserted, and / or added in the amino acid sequence of annexin (eg, SEQ ID NO: 1).
- the modified polypeptide has a binding ability between Ca 2+ and a phospholipid. That is, a polypeptide that does not show the ability to bind Ca 2+ to a phospholipid is not included in the modified polypeptide.
- amino acid sequence in which one or several amino acids have been deleted, substituted, inserted, and / or added means that the amino acid has been modified by substitution or the like.
- the number of amino acid modifications can be, for example, 1 to 30, 1 to 20, 1 to 15, 1 to 10, preferably 1 to 8, more preferably 1 to 6, and even more preferably. Is 1 to 5, most preferably 1 to 2.
- An example of a variant amino acid sequence that can be used in the present invention is preferably an amino acid sequence in which the amino acid has one or several (preferably 1, 2, 3 or 4) conservative substitutions. be able to.
- the variant may be a polypeptide consisting of an amino acid sequence having an amino acid sequence identity of 90% or more with respect to the amino acid sequence of annexin (eg, SEQ ID NO: 1).
- the modified polypeptide has a binding ability between Ca 2+ and a phospholipid. That is, a polypeptide that does not show the ability to bind Ca 2+ to a phospholipid is not included in the modified polypeptide. More preferably, an amino acid sequence having an identity of 95% or more, more preferably an amino acid sequence having an identity of 96% or more, more preferably an amino acid sequence having an identity of 97% or more, and more preferably an amino acid sequence having an identity of 98% or more.
- Is a polypeptide consisting of an amino acid sequence having an amino acid sequence of 99% or more, and is a polypeptide showing a binding ability between Ca 2+ and a phospholipid.
- amino acid sequence in which one or several amino acids are deleted, substituted, inserted, and / or added or "amino acid sequence having 90% or more identity” in the amino acid sequence of the annexin (for example, SEQ ID NO: 1).
- substitution of the amino acid sequence of annexin eg, SEQ ID NO: 1
- conservative substitution means a substitution in which the superior effect of annexin is not lost. That is, it is a substitution that can maintain the binding ability of Ca 2+ of annexin to a phospholipid even when it is inserted, substituted, deleted, or added.
- amino acid residue means replacing the amino acid residue with another chemically similar amino acid residue.
- hydrophobic residue is replaced with another hydrophobic residue
- polar residue is replaced with another polar residue having the same charge
- Functionally similar amino acids that can be made by making such substitutions are known in the art for each amino acid.
- non-polar (hydrophobic) amino acids include alanine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, proline, tryptophan, phenylalanine, methionine and the like.
- polar (neutral) amino acid include glycine, serine, threonine, tyrosine, glutamine, asparagine, and cysteine.
- positively charged (basic) amino acids include arginine, histidine, and lysine.
- negatively charged (acidic) amino acids include aspartic acid and glutamic acid.
- the content of the protein A is preferably 0.01 to 5.0% by mass, more preferably 0.03 to 4.5% by mass, and 0.05 to 4.0% by mass with respect to the decellularized tissue composition.
- mass% is even more preferable, 0.1 to 3.5% by mass is even more preferable, 0.2 to 3.3% by mass is even more preferable, and 0.3 to 3.0% by mass is most preferable. Thereby, the effect of the present invention can be exhibited.
- the molecular weight of the protein B is preferably 3,000 to 15,000, more preferably 5,000 to 14,000, and even more preferably 7,000 to 13,000, from the viewpoint of exerting the effect of the present invention.
- the isoelectric point (pI) of the protein is preferably 3.00 to 5.50, more preferably 3.40 to 5.30, and even more preferably 3.80 to 5.20.
- the content of the protein B is preferably 0.001 to 3.0% by mass, more preferably 0.003 to 2.0% by mass, and 0.005 to 1.5% by mass with respect to the decellularized tissue composition.
- the mass% is further preferable, 0.008 to 1.0% by mass is further preferable, 0.009 to 0.5% by mass is further preferable, and 0.01 to 0.1% by mass is most preferable. Thereby, the effect of the present invention can be exhibited.
- the protein B preferably includes a fragment of fibromodulin.
- Fibromodulin is a protein that mainly binds to fibrous collagen, and is considered to have a role of binding collagen fibers to each other. It is known that when the expression of fibromodulin increases, the density of collagen fibers increases. Fibromodulin is a protein consisting of 375 amino acids (SEQ ID NO: 2), having a molecular weight of 43,000 and a pI of 5.6.
- Protein B is a fragment of fibromodulin, and is not limited, but is a fragment consisting of 90 amino acids at the C-terminal (SEQ ID NO: 3) estimated from the molecular weight. The fibromodulin fragment has a molecular weight of 10,000 and a pI of 4.65.
- the origin of the fibromodulin fragment that can be contained in the decellularized tissue composition is not particularly limited as long as it is derived from eukaryote like annexin, and the same as annexin can be mentioned.
- the decellularized tissue composition of the present invention can include, but is not limited to, a variant of the fibromodulin fragment as long as the effects of the present invention can be obtained.
- the fibromodulin fragment variant include, for example. (1) One or more (preferably 1 to 10, more preferably 1 to 1) as a whole at one or more of the amino acid sequences of the fibromodulin fragment (for example, the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 3). 7, and more preferably 1-5), eg, 1-several amino acids as a whole contain deleted, substituted, inserted, and / or added amino acid sequences and have the activity of a fibromodulin fragment.
- fibromodulin fragment for example, the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 3
- the activity of the fibromodulin fragment includes, as the decellularized tissue composition of the present invention, improving the adhesion of cells as compared with the one containing no variant.
- the variant of the fibromodulin fragment exhibits the same amino acid mutation, identity, conservative substitution, etc. as the annexin variant.
- the fibromodulin fragment is produced from fibromodulin by irradiating the decellularized tissue composition with gamma rays.
- the intensity of gamma-ray irradiation is not particularly limited as long as the effect of the present invention can be obtained, but is 10 to 50 kGy, preferably 15 to 35 kGy, and more preferably 20 to 30 kGy. Within the above range, fibromodulin fragments can be produced.
- the reason why the decellularized tissue composition of the present invention exhibits excellent strength and excellent cell adhesion is not completely understood, but can be inferred as follows.
- the protein A eg, annexin
- the protein A contained in the decellularized tissue composition of the present invention has 4 or 8 ⁇ -helix structures (anexin repeats) and binds to Ca 2+ and phospholipids. It is considered that the binding ability between Ca 2+ and phospholipids is related to the cell adhesion ability, but not limited to. In addition, it is considered that annexin effectively acts on the strength of decellularized tissue.
- the protein B (for example, fibromodulin fragment) contained in the decellularized tissue composition of the present invention is produced by cleaving fibromodulin by gamma-ray irradiation.
- Fibromodjurin has a role of stabilizing collagen fibers, and it is considered that the presence of sufficient fibromodjurin suppresses the renewal of collagen in cells.
- the decellularized tissue composition of the present invention can be produced by a method for obtaining decellularized tissue.
- a method for obtaining decellularized tissue in order to efficiently obtain the decellularized tissue composition and to significantly exert the effect of the present invention, it is preferable to use the method by high hydrostatic pressure treatment.
- the protein can be added externally to the decellularized tissue obtained by any method to obtain the decellularized tissue composition of the present invention.
- Example 1 a decellularized tissue composition was prepared by high hydrostatic pressure treatment using bovine pericardium.
- the bovine pericardium was cut open into a sheet to remove fat entirely (hereinafter, this sheet-shaped bovine pericardium is referred to as a "pericardial sheet").
- High-pressure processing equipment for research and development Karl Fischer Steel Co., Ltd .: Dr. CHEF was used for high hydrostatic pressure treatment at 600 MPa for 10 minutes.
- the pericardial sheet treated with high hydrostatic pressure was treated with the nucleic acid degrading enzyme DNaseI (125 U / mL), shaken at 4 ° C for 18 hours and 5 minutes or more, and then treated in 80% ethanol at 4 ° C for 1 hour or more. Finally, it was washed with 4 L of water for injection at 4 ° C. The freeze-drying treatment was carried out to obtain the decellularized tissue composition of Example 1.
- DNaseI 125 U / mL
- Example 2 a decellularized material was prepared by treatment with a surfactant using bovine pericardium, and annexin A2 was added to obtain a decellularized tissue composition.
- the pericardial sheet was sterilized by immersing it in a 0.1% (v / v) peracetic acid solution prepared to contain 4% ethanol at 4 ° C for 2 hours, and then sterilized with water for injection at 4 ° C. Washed for hours. Then, shake with 0.25 mass% sodium dodecyl sulfate (hereinafter, SDS) solution (10 mM Tris, pH 8.0) at 4 ° C. for 24 hours, and then 0.5 mass% Triton-X (polyoxy).
- SDS sodium dodecyl sulfate
- Ethylene octylphenyl ether TX solution (10 mM Tris, pH 8.0) was shaken at 4 ° C. for 24 hours. Then, after washing with 10 L of water for injection at 4 ° C., the mixture was shaken with a phosphate buffer (PBS, 0.01M, pH 7.4) at 4 ° C. for 1 hour. After freeze-drying treatment, annexin A2 was added so as to be 0.3% by mass based on the weight of the decellularized tissue composition, and the decellularized tissue composition of Example 2 was obtained.
- PBS phosphate buffer
- Example 3 a decellularized material was prepared by freeze-thaw treatment using bovine pericardium, and annexin A2 was added to obtain a decellularized tissue composition.
- the pericardial sheet was frozen in dry ice, stored in a cool box containing dry ice (about ⁇ 78 ° C.) for 20 hours, and then thawed at 25 ° C.
- the pericardial sheet obtained by repeating this freeze-thaw four times was treated with DNaseI (125 U / mL) as a nucleolytic enzyme and shaken at 4 ° C. for 96 hours. Further, it was shaken in 80% ethanol at 4 ° C.
- annexin A2 was added so as to be 0.3% by mass based on the weight of the decellularized tissue composition, and the decellularized tissue composition of Example 3 was obtained.
- Example 4 a decellularized material was prepared by ultrasonic treatment using bovine pericardium, and annexin A2 was added to obtain a decellularized tissue composition.
- the pericardial sheet was sonicated (intensity: 10 W / cm 2 , frequency: 10 kHz, action time: 2 minutes) in physiological saline.
- the sonicated bovine pericardium was shaken in 1 mass% TX solution (10 mM Tris, pH 8.0) at 4 ° C. for 96 hours.
- the TX-treated pericardial sheet was treated with DNaseI (125 U / mL) as a nucleolytic enzyme and shaken at 4 ° C. for 96 hours.
- annexin A2 was added so as to be 0.3% by mass based on the weight of the decellularized tissue composition, and the decellularized tissue composition of Example 4 was obtained.
- Example 5 a decellularized material was prepared by high hydrostatic pressure treatment using bovine pericardium, and annexin A2 was added to obtain a decellularized tissue composition.
- the bovine pericardium was cut open into a sheet and the fat was completely removed to obtain a pericardial sheet.
- High-pressure processing equipment for research and development Karl Fischer Steel Co., Ltd .: High hydrostatic pressure treatment for 10 minutes was performed at 600 MPa with Dr. CHEF).
- the pericardial sheet treated with high hydrostatic pressure was treated with the nucleic acid degrading enzyme DNase 125 U / mL, shaken at 4 ° C for 18 hours and 5 minutes or more, then treated in 80% ethanol at 4 ° C for 1 hour or more, and finally 4 Washing was performed with 4 L of water for injection at ° C. Freeze-drying treatment was performed to obtain a decellularized bovine heart cyst. Annexin A2 was added so as to be 1.0% by mass (total content) per weight of the decellularized tissue composition to obtain the decellularized tissue composition of Example 5.
- Example 6 a decellularized material was prepared by treatment with a surfactant using bovine pericardium, and annexin A2 was added to obtain a decellularized tissue composition.
- the pericardial sheet was sterilized by immersing it in a 0.1% (v / v) peracetic acid solution prepared to contain 4% ethanol at 4 ° C for 2 hours, and then sterilized with water for injection at 4 ° C. Washed for hours. Then, shake with 0.25% by mass SDS solution (10 mM Tris, pH 8.0) at 4 ° C. for 24 hours, and then with 0.5% by mass TX solution (10 mM Tris, pH 8.0) 4 Shake at ° C for 24 hours.
- Example 7 a decellularized material was prepared by freeze-thaw treatment using bovine pericardium, and annexin A2 was added to obtain a decellularized tissue composition.
- the pericardial sheet was frozen in dry ice, stored in a cool box containing dry ice (about ⁇ 78 ° C.) for 20 hours, and then thawed at 25 ° C.
- the pericardial sheet obtained by repeating this freeze-thaw four times was treated with DNaseI (125 U / mL) as a nucleolytic enzyme and shaken at 4 ° C. for 96 hours. Further, it was shaken in 80% ethanol at 4 ° C.
- Example 8 a decellularized material was prepared by ultrasonic treatment using bovine pericardium, and annexin A2 was added to obtain a decellularized tissue composition.
- the pericardial sheet was sonicated (intensity: 10 W / cm 2 , frequency: 10 kHz, action time: 2 minutes) in physiological saline.
- the sonicated bovine pericardium was shaken in 1 mass% TX solution (10 mM Tris, pH 8.0) at 4 ° C. for 96 hours.
- the TX-treated pericardial sheet was treated with DNaseI (125 U / mL) as a nucleolytic enzyme and shaken at 4 ° C. for 96 hours.
- Comparative Example 1 a decellularized material was prepared by treating with a surfactant using bovine pericardium.
- the pericardial sheet was sterilized by immersing it in a 0.1% (v / v) peracetic acid solution prepared to contain 4% ethanol at 4 ° C for 2 hours, and then sterilized with water for injection at 4 ° C. Washed for hours. Then, shake with 0.25 mass% SDS solution (10 mM Tris, pH 8.0) at 4 ° C. for 24 hours, and then with 0.5 mass% TX solution (10 mM Tris, pH 8.0) for 4 hours. Shake at ° C for 24 hours.
- a decellularized material was prepared by freeze-thaw treatment using bovine pericardium.
- the pericardial sheet was frozen in dry ice, stored in a cool box containing dry ice (about ⁇ 78 ° C.) for 20 hours, and then thawed at 25 ° C.
- the pericardial sheet obtained by repeating this freeze-thaw four times was treated with DNaseI (125 U / mL) as a nucleolytic enzyme and shaken at 4 ° C. for 96 hours. Further, it was shaken in 80% ethanol at 4 ° C. for 96 hours, and then shaken in water for injection at 4 ° C. for 2 hours. Freeze-drying treatment was performed to obtain a decellularized bovine heart cyst (decellularized material) of Comparative Example 2.
- a decellularized material was prepared by ultrasonic treatment using bovine pericardium.
- the pericardial sheet was sonicated (intensity: 10 W / cm 2 , frequency: 10 kHz, action time: 2 minutes) in physiological saline.
- the sonicated bovine pericardium was shaken in 1 mass% TX solution (10 mM Tris, pH 8.0) at 4 ° C. for 96 hours.
- the TX-treated pericardial sheet was treated with DNaseI (125 U / mL) as a nucleolytic enzyme and shaken at 4 ° C. for 96 hours. Further, it was shaken in 80% ethanol at 4 ° C. for 72 hours, and then shaken in physiological saline at 4 ° C. for 2 hours. Freeze-drying treatment was performed to obtain a decellularized bovine heart cyst (decellularized material) of Comparative Example 3.
- ⁇ Cell adhesion test The decellularized tissue composition or decellularized material obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples was cut into a disk shape having a diameter of 4 mm using autoclaved scissors and tweezers, and used as a cell insert for 96-well plate. I set it. 175 ⁇ L of DMEM medium was added to the lower side of the cell insert and 15 ⁇ L to the upper side, and the mixture was allowed to stand at 37 ° C. for 24 hours or more to acclimate the decellularized tissue composition or decellularized material. After removing DMEM medium, human skin fibroblasts (NHDF) were seeded (7.0 ⁇ 104 cells / cm 2 ) and cultured at 37 ° C. for 3 hours.
- NHDF human skin fibroblasts
- Example 9 a decellularized tissue composition was prepared by high hydrostatic pressure treatment using pig liver.
- the pig liver was cut open into a sheet to remove fat entirely (hereinafter, this sheet-shaped pig liver is referred to as a "liver sheet").
- High-pressure processing equipment for research and development (Kobe Steel Co., Ltd .: Dr. .CHEF) was subjected to high hydrostatic pressure treatment at 600 MPa for 10 minutes.
- the liver sheet treated with high hydrostatic pressure was treated with the nucleic acid degrading enzyme DNaseI (125 U / mL), shaken at 4 ° C for 18 hours and 5 minutes or more, and then treated in 80% ethanol at 4 ° C for 1 hour or more, and finally.
- the freeze-drying treatment was carried out to obtain the decellularized tissue composition of Example 9.
- Example 10 a decellularized material was prepared by high hydrostatic pressure treatment using bovine pericardium, and annexin A2 was added to obtain a decellularized tissue composition.
- the bovine pericardium was cut open into a sheet and the fat was completely removed to obtain a pericardial sheet.
- High-pressure processing equipment for research and development Karl Fischer Steel Co., Ltd .: High hydrostatic pressure treatment for 10 minutes was performed at 600 MPa with Dr. CHEF).
- the pericardial sheet treated with high hydrostatic pressure was treated with the nucleic acid degrading enzyme DNase 125 U / mL, shaken at 4 ° C for 18 hours and 5 minutes or more, then treated in 80% ethanol at 4 ° C for 1 hour or more, and finally 4 Washing was performed with 4 L of water for injection at ° C. Freeze-drying treatment was performed to obtain a decellularized bovine heart cyst. Annexin A2 was added so as to be 3.0% by mass (total content) per weight of the decellularized tissue composition to obtain the decellularized tissue composition of Example 10.
- Example 11 a decellularized tissue composition was prepared by high hydrostatic pressure treatment using bovine pericardium.
- the bovine pericardium was cut open into a sheet to remove fat entirely (hereinafter, this sheet-shaped bovine pericardium is referred to as a "pericardial sheet").
- High-pressure processing equipment for research and development Karl Fischer Steel Co., Ltd .: Dr. CHEF was used for high hydrostatic pressure treatment at 600 MPa for 10 minutes.
- the pericardial sheet treated with high hydrostatic pressure was treated with the nucleic acid degrading enzyme DNaseI (125 U / mL), shaken at 4 ° C for 18 hours and 5 minutes or more, and then treated in 80% ethanol at 4 ° C for 1 hour or more. Finally, it was washed with 4 L of water for injection at 4 ° C. After freeze-drying treatment, gamma-ray irradiation (25 kGy) was performed to obtain a decellularized tissue composition of Example 11.
- DNaseI 125 U / mL
- Example 12 a decellularized material was prepared by high hydrostatic pressure treatment using bovine pericardium, and annexin A2 was added to obtain a decellularized tissue composition.
- the bovine pericardium was cut open into a sheet and the fat was completely removed to obtain a pericardial sheet.
- High-pressure processing equipment for research and development Karl Fischer Steel Co., Ltd .: High hydrostatic pressure treatment for 10 minutes was performed at 600 MPa with Dr. CHEF).
- the pericardial sheet treated with high hydrostatic pressure was treated with the nucleic acid degrading enzyme DNase 125 U / mL, shaken at 4 ° C for 18 hours and 5 minutes or more, then treated in 80% ethanol at 4 ° C for 1 hour or more, and finally 4 Washing was performed with 4 L of water for injection at ° C.
- decellularized bovine heart cyst was obtained by gamma-ray irradiation (25 kGy).
- Annexin A2 was added so as to be 1.0% by mass (total content) per weight of the decellularized bovine heart membrane to obtain the decellularized tissue composition of Example 12.
- Example 13 a decellularized material was prepared by high hydrostatic pressure treatment using bovine pericardium, and annexin A2 was added to obtain a decellularized tissue composition.
- the bovine pericardium was cut open into a sheet and the fat was completely removed to obtain a pericardial sheet.
- High-pressure processing equipment for research and development Karl Fischer Steel Co., Ltd .: High hydrostatic pressure treatment for 10 minutes was performed at 600 MPa with Dr. CHEF).
- the pericardial sheet treated with high hydrostatic pressure was treated with the nucleic acid degrading enzyme DNase 125 U / mL, shaken at 4 ° C for 18 hours and 5 minutes or more, then treated in 80% ethanol at 4 ° C for 1 hour or more, and finally 4 Washing was performed with 4 L of water for injection at ° C.
- decellularized bovine heart cyst was obtained by gamma-ray irradiation (25 kG).
- Annexin A2 was added so as to be 3.0% by mass (total content) per weight of the decellularized bovine heart membrane to obtain the decellularized tissue composition of Example 13.
- Example 9 The above-mentioned cell adhesion test was performed on Examples 9 to 13. The results are shown in FIG. It was found that Examples 9 to 13 had a larger number of cell adhesions and had a better cell-inducing effect than Comparative Example 1. In particular, Example 11 had a good cell-inducing effect. In Example 9, it was found that good results were also obtained using pig liver.
- test piece As the width (mm) of the test piece, the length (40 mm) of the punched blade type cutting surface tube of the parallel portion was used as it was.
- the cross-sectional area A (mm 2 ) of the test piece was calculated from the thickness and width of the test piece by the following formula.
- A t ⁇ w (A: test piece cross-sectional area (mm 2 ), t: test piece thickness (mm), w: test piece width mm)) (3)
- Test procedure The tensile test was carried out as follows in accordance with ISO37. In order to evenly distribute the tensile force over the cross section, the test piece was attached to a mechanical tester (MCT2150, manufactured by AND) so that both ends of the test piece were held in contrast.
- the distance between the marked lines Lb (mm) for operating the testing machine was measured.
- the speed of the grip was set to 200 mm / min. Specimen data broken outside between the markings was rejected and repeated tests were performed with additional specimens. The test piece was taken until it was measured correctly 3 times. From the measured values, the breaking strength [MPa] and elastic modulus [MPa] (at 10% elongation and at maximum) were calculated by the following formulas. (4) Result calculation ⁇ Breaking strength> The breaking strength (MPa (N / mm 2 )) was calculated by the following formula.
- Breaking strength (MPa) maximum load (N) / cross section of test piece (mm 2 ) ⁇ Elastic modulus> The elastic modulus (stress / elongation strain)) was calculated by the following formula.
- Elastic modulus (MPa) load (MPa (N / mm 2 )) / elongation strain ((LL 0 ) / L 0 )
- the tear strength test of the decellularized tissue composition or the decellularized material obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples was carried out as follows. (1) Collection and preparation of test pieces A freeze-dried decellularized tissue composition or decellularized material was immersed in physiological saline for 15 minutes or more. It was collected from the swollen decellularized tissue composition or decellularized material so as to be 20 mm ⁇ 15 mm. A hole with a diameter of 6 mm was drilled at a position 2 mm from the top of the long side. A thread was passed through the hole to prepare a test piece. (2) Test procedure One end of the test piece was attached to the grip of the mechanical tester (MCT2150, manufactured by AND), and the thread was attached to the hook type fixator. The speed of the grip was set to 200 mm / min. The test piece was taken until it was measured correctly 3 times. The measured value was calculated as the maximum load [N] at the time of breakage.
- Examples 1 and 11 required less force to stretch by 10% than Comparative Example 1, that is, they were soft and had good handleability. Further, Examples 1 and 11 have a larger maximum elastic modulus than Comparative Example 1 and are close to the elastic modulus of human pericardium 49.62 ⁇ 3.22 (MPa, see Interactive CardioVascularand Thoric Surgery 22 (2016) 72-84). It showed the value. As a result, when transplanted into a patient, it is easy to become familiar with the patient's tissue, and the structural stability can be maintained with respect to pulse, pulsation, and the like.
- Example 1 showed a maximum elastic modulus of 53.9 Mpa. Further, it was found that Examples 1 and 11 had higher breaking strength, that is, higher strength and higher strength than Comparative Example 1. Further, it was found that Examples 1 and 11 had higher tear strength than Comparative Example 1, that is, they were resistant to threading and had high suture strength when used in surgery. As described above, it was found that Examples 1 and 11 had better handleability and were stronger than Comparative Example 1.
- a protein dissolving solution (containing urea and a surfactant) was added to prepare a total volume of 0.34 mL (protein 200 ⁇ g), which was used as a sample solution.
- the sample solution was placed in a swelling tray, and the first-dimensional electrophoresis precast gel was placed over the solution. Further, a dry strip cover solution was layered and allowed to stand overnight. The swollen precast gel was set in an electrophoresis device and electrophoresed (500 V for 1 minute, 3500 V for 7.5 hours, 20 ° C.). An acrylamide gel with a concentration gradient of 10-20% was used. After preparation, the mixture was allowed to stand for 24 hours to completely polymerize acrylamide.
- the equilibrated one-dimensional electrophoresis precast gel was placed on an acrylamide gel and fixed with a 1% agarose solution containing 0.125% bromophenol blue. A molecular weight marker was applied to the left end of the gel to make it a standard for molecular weight. The bromophenol blue band was run at 80 V for 17 hours until it was visible at the bottom of the gel.
- the gel after migration was stained with a fluorescent stain for detecting all proteins (SYPRO Ruby protein gel stain, S21900, Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.), and the image was preserved using a fluorescent scanner.
- the image was captured by the scanner with an excitation wavelength of 488 nm, a fluorescence filter of 640 nm Bandpass, and a resolution of 100 micrometer.
- silver staining was performed using silver nitrate (195-09382, Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.).
- the silver-stained image after development was captured using a flatbed scanner. The results of two-dimensional electrophoresis are shown in FIG.
- Example 1 three spots (1 to 3) were detected at isoelectric points pI 6 to 9 and a molecular weight of 30,000 to 40,000. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1, the three spots detected in Example 1 were not detected. Also in Comparative Examples 2 and 3, the three spots detected in Example 1 were not detected. Example 1 was found to contain a specific protein not found in Comparative Examples 1-3.
- spot identification Spots visualized by silver staining were cut out, 100 ⁇ L of 15 mM potassium ferricyanide and 50 mM sodium thiosulfate were added to a gel piece cut into 1 mm square pieces, and the mixture was shaken for 10 minutes. The solution was discarded, Milli-Q water was added, the mixture was shaken, and the gel pieces were washed until the color was removed. Acetonitrile was added to the gel pieces to dehydrate them. The gel pieces were swollen by adding 10 ⁇ L of an enzyme solution of 100 mM ammonium hydrogen carbonate and 0.01 ⁇ g / ⁇ L trypsin, and the gel pieces were kept at 37 ° C. for 16 hours.
- Table 1 shows the results of identifying the three spots of Example 1 using a mass spectrometer.
- the spot numbers in Table 1 and Table 2 described later correspond to the three spot numbers in FIG.
- the three spots were identified as Annexin A2.
- the protein weight per spot was calculated from the ratio of the weight of the protein subjected to two-dimensional electrophoresis to 200 ⁇ g and each spot signal (spot signal concentration) to the total sum of the spot signals.
- spot 1 to 0.7 ⁇ g, spot 2 to 2.0 ⁇ g, and spot 3 to 0.8 ⁇ g A total protein weight of 3.5 ⁇ g was calculated from the three spots.
- Example 1 (Calculation of protein weight of 3 spots contained in decellularized tissue composition) From the relationship between the weight of the purified and recovered protein and the weight of the two-dimensionally electrophoresed protein, the protein weights of the three spots per 20 mg of the decellularized tissue composition were calculated. The results are shown in Table 2. In Example 1, protein weights were calculated from the three spots. Example 1 contained 0.43% by weight of protein A. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1, the protein weight corresponding to these three spots was not calculated. Also in Comparative Examples 2 and 3, the protein weight corresponding to the three spots was not calculated.
- the proteins of the decellularized tissue compositions of Examples 9 and 11 to 13 were analyzed in the same manner.
- the results of the two-dimensional electrophoresis of Example 9 are shown in FIG. 7A. Similar to Example 1, three spots (4 to 6) were detected at isoelectric points pI 6 to 9 and a molecular weight of 30,000 to 40,000.
- the results of the two-dimensional electrophoresis of Example 11 are shown in FIG. 7B. Three spots (7-9) are detected at an isoelectric point pI6-9 and a molecular weight of 30,000-40,000, and at an isoelectric point pI4-5 and a molecular weight of 8,000-12,000. Spot (10) was detected. Spot 10 was detected only in Examples 11-13.
- Example 9 The spots of Examples 9 and 11 were identified. The results of Example 9 are shown in Table 3. The spot numbers in Table 3 and Table 5 described later correspond to the spot numbers in FIG. 7A. Spots 4 to 6 of Example 9 were identified as Annexin A2 as in Example 1 (see Spot Nos. 1 to 3 in Table 1).
- Table 4 shows the results of Example 11.
- the spot numbers in Table 4 and Table 6 described later correspond to the spot numbers in FIG. 7B.
- Spots 7-9 of Example 11 were identified as Annexin A2 as in Example 1, and Spot 10 was identified as a fibromodulin-derived peptide.
- Example 9 the spot signal concentration was calculated and the spot weight was calculated.
- Example 9 0.14 ⁇ g from spot 4, 0.27 ⁇ g from spot 5, and 0.03 ⁇ g from spot 6 were obtained.
- a total protein weight of 0.44 ⁇ g was calculated from the three spots.
- Example 11 the protein weights of 0.7 ⁇ g from the spot 7, 1.6 ⁇ g from the spot 8, 0.4 ⁇ g from the spot 9, and 2.7 ⁇ g in total from the three spots were calculated, and the protein weight was calculated from the spot 10 to 0.
- a protein weight of 24 ⁇ g was calculated.
- Example 9 contained 0.05% by weight of protein A.
- Example 11 contained 0.33% by mass of protein A and 0.03% by mass of protein B.
- the decellularized tissue composition of the present invention can be used as a tissue for transplantation showing good tissue regeneration.
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Abstract
Description
そこで、生体組織との適合性を向上すべく、生体組織から細胞を除却して残存する支持組織(細胞外マトリックス、ECM)からなる脱細胞化組織を移植片として使用する技術が開発されてきた。脱細胞化とは、被移植者にとって抗原性をもつ核酸などの細胞成分を除去することを意味し、これによって免疫拒絶を回避できる。
脱細胞化組織は、例えば界面活性剤を含有する処理液を用いて、生体組織を脱細胞化することによって製造することができる(特許文献1~3)。
従って、本発明の目的は、適切な強度、及び良好な組織再生を示す脱細胞化組織を提供することである。
本発明は、こうした知見に基づくものである。
従って、本発明は、
[1]脱細胞化組織と、(a)分子量:30,000~70,000及び(b)等電点:pI6.00~9.00のタンパク質Aとを含有する脱細胞化組織組成物、
[2](a)分子量:3,000~15,000及び(b)等電点:pI3.00~5.50のタンパク質Bを更に含有する[1]に記載の脱細胞化組織組成物、
[3]前記タンパク質Aの含有量が、脱細胞化組織組成物に対して0.01~5.0質量%である[1]又は[2]に記載の脱細胞化組織組成物、
[4]前記タンパク質Bの含有量が、脱細胞化組織組成物に対して0.001~3.0質量%である[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載の脱細胞化組織組成物、
[5]タンパク質A及びタンパク質Bの組成物中の質量比が、A:B=5:1~150:1である[1]~[4]のいずれかに記載の脱細胞化組織組成物、
[6]乾燥質量あたりのDNA含有量が、脱細胞化組織組成物に対して0.0300質量%以下である[1]~[5]のいずれかに記載の脱細胞化組織組成物、
[7]前記タンパク質が、アネキシンである[1]~[6]のいずれかに記載の脱細胞化組織組成物、及び
[8]前記タンパク質Bが、フィブロモジュリン由来ペプチドである[1]~[7]のいずれかに記載の脱細胞化組織組成物、
に関する。
脱細胞化組織は、動物由来の組織から細胞成分を除去した組織であり、エラスチン、コラーゲン(I型、IV型等)、ラミニン等の細胞外マトリックス成分を主成分とする組織である。生体埋植時の拒絶反応が低く、移植先の細胞の定着及び再構築が期待でき、細胞の足場として機能する。
本発明の組成物に含まれる脱細胞化組織を得る方法は、従来公知の方法が使用できる。本発明においては脱細胞化の方法は、本発明の効果が得られる限りにおいて、特に限定されるものではないが、例えば高静水圧処理による方法、凍結融解処理による方法、界面活性剤を使用する方法、超音波処理により処理する方法、酵素を使用する方法、又は高張電解質溶液で処理する方法、物理的撹拌による方法、高張液低張液法、蛋白分解酵素や核酸分解酵素等による酵素処理による方法、アルコール溶剤による処理などが挙げられ、これらの2種以上を組み合わせてもよく、脱細胞化組織組成物を効率的に得るため、また、本願発明の効果を発揮するため、高静水圧処理による方法が好ましい。
核酸分解酵素は、前記高静水圧処理に用いた媒体(例えば、水、生理食塩水、注射用液、又は緩衝液など)に添加して、作用させることができる。添加する酵素量は、酵素の種類やユニット数(U)の定義により異なるが、当業者であれば適宜設定することができる。例えば、DNaseIであれば、50~200U/mLで使用すればよい。処理温度も、用いる核酸分解酵素によって異なるが、例えば1℃~40℃の温度に設定すればよい。処理時間も、特に限定されるものではないが、例えば1~120時間(好ましくは1~96時間、より好ましくは1~48時間)でよく、低温の場合は長く処理し、高温の場合は短時間の処理でよい。
洗浄温度は、熱による組織へのダメージがない温度であれば、特に限定されないが、洗浄性が良好で組織への影響も少ないことから0~45℃が好ましく、1~40℃が更に好ましく、2~35℃が最も好ましい。洗浄する場合には、必要に応じて、洗浄液を振とう又は撹拌してもよい。
界面活性剤としては、限定されるものではないが、例えばドデシル硫酸ナトリウム、アルキルスルホン酸塩、アルキル硫酸エステル塩、ポリオキシエチレンアルキル硫酸エステル塩、α-スルホ脂肪酸エステル塩、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルフェニルエーテル(例えば、ポリオキシエチレンオクチルフェニルエーテル)、アルキル(ポリ)グリコシドが挙げられる。
一般に脱細胞化組織組成物のDNA含有量は少ないことが好ましいとされているが、本発明における脱細胞化組織組成物では、乾燥質量あたりのDNA含有量は、脱細胞化組織組成物に対して、0.0300質量%以下であることが好ましい。これにより、再生医療に使用した場合に拒絶反応が発生すること防止できる。細胞の誘引効果や分化誘導効果の点から、本発明の脱細胞化組織組成物の脱細胞化DNA比は、0.0250質量%以下がより好ましく、0.0200質量%以下が更に好ましく、0.0150質量%以下が一層好ましく、0.0120質量%以下が最も好ましい。脱細胞化DNA比が0.0150質量%以下であると、脱細胞化組織組成物への細胞接着性を特に高めやすい点で好ましい。
(乾燥質量あたりのDNA含有量(以下、脱細胞化DNA比と称する場合がある。)=(脱細胞化組織組成物の乾燥試験片のDNA含有量)/(脱細胞化組織組成物の乾燥試験片の質量)
本発明の脱細胞化組織組成物は、(a)分子量:30,000~70,000及び(b)等電点:pI6.00~9.00のタンパク質Aを含む。本発明の脱細胞化組織組成物は、(a)分子量:3,000~15,000及び(b)等電点:pI3.00~5.50のタンパク質を更に含んでもよい。これにより、本発明の効果をより発揮できる。
前記タンパク質の分子量、及び等電点(pI)は、例えばタンパク質を二次元電気泳動し、タンパク質の同定は質量分析によって行うことができる。
二次元電気泳動法において、等電点分離及び分子量分離のいずれを先に(一次元目として)行ってもよいが、測定の精度を上げる観点から、一次元目で等電点分離を行い、二次元目で分子量分離を行うことが好ましい。二次元電気泳動法は常法に従って行うことができ、市販されているキット及び装置を用いることができる。例えば、キャピラリーゲル又はストリップゲルなどを分離媒体として等電点電気泳動を行い、泳動を終了したゲルを平面状のゲル(例えば、SDS-ポリアクリルアミドゲル)を用いて等電点電気泳動の展開方向に対して直角の方向に電気泳動を行って分子量分離することができる。二次元電気泳動を行ったゲルを常法に従って染色することにより、タンパク質の有無、分子量、等電点を確認できる。
前記アネキシンは、修飾の異なるアネキシンを含む。すなわち、リン酸化、グリコシル化、ユビキチン化、ニトロシル化、メチル化、又はアセチル化された、又はこれらの修飾をされていないアネキシンを含む。例えば、実施例に記載のアネキシンA2は、リン酸化の異なる3種のアネキシンA2であるが、いずれも本発明の効果を示すことができる。
(1)アネキシンのアミノ酸配列(例えば、配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列)の1又は複数の箇所において、全体として1又は複数個(好ましくは1~10個、より好ましくは1~7個、更に好ましくは1~5個)、例えば、全体として1~数個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換、挿入、及び/又は付加されたアミノ酸配列を含み、しかもアネキシンの活性を有するポリペプチド、又は
(2)アネキシンのアミノ酸配列(例えば、配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列)との相同性が90%以上であるアミノ酸配列を有し、しかもアネキシンの活性を有するポリペプチド、が挙げられる。
アネキシンの活性としては、例えば「Ca2+とリン脂質」との結合能が挙げられる。あるいは、本発明の脱細胞化組織組成物として、改変体を含まないものと比較して、細胞の接着性を向上させることが挙げられる。
前記改変体は、アネキシン(例えば、配列番号1)のアミノ酸配列において、1又は数個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換、挿入、及び/又は付加されたアミノ酸配列からなるポリペプチドであってもよい。そして、前記改変体のポリペプチドは、Ca2+とリン脂質との結合能を有する。すなわち、Ca2+とリン脂質との結合能を示さないポリペプチドは、前記改変体のポリペプチドに含まれない。本明細書において、「1又は数個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換、挿入、及び/又は付加されたアミノ酸配列」とは、アミノ酸の置換等により改変がなされたことを意味する。アミノ酸の改変の個数は、例えば1~30個、1~20個、1~15個、1~10個であることができ、好ましくは1~8個、より好ましくは1~6個、更に好ましくは1~5個、最も好ましくは1~2個である。本発明に用いることのできる改変体のアミノ酸配列の例は、好ましくは、そのアミノ酸が、1又は数個(好ましくは、1、2、3又は4個)の保存的置換を有するアミノ酸配列であることができる。
前記改変体は、アネキシン(例えば、配列番号1)のアミノ酸配列に対してアミノ酸配列との同一性が90%以上であるアミノ酸配列からなるポリペプチドであってもよい。そして、前記改変体のポリペプチドは、Ca2+とリン脂質との結合能を有する。すなわち、Ca2+とリン脂質との結合能を示さないポリペプチドは、前記改変体のポリペプチドに含まれない。より好ましくは該同一性が95%以上であるアミノ酸配列、より好ましくは96%以上であるアミノ酸配列、より好ましくは97%以上であるアミノ酸配列、より好ましくは98%以上であるアミノ酸配列、より好ましくは99%以上であるアミノ酸配列からなるポリペプチドであって、且つCa2+とリン脂質との結合能を示すポリペプチドである。
タンパク質Bは、フィブロモジュリンの断片であり、限定されるものではないが分子量から推定すると、C末端の90アミノ酸からなる断片(配列番号3)である。フィブロモジュリン断片は、分子量10,000、pI4.65である。
(1)フィブロモジュリン断片のアミノ酸配列(例えば、配列番号3で表されるアミノ酸配列)の1又は複数の箇所において、全体として1又は複数個(好ましくは1~10個、より好ましくは1~7個、更に好ましくは1~5個)、例えば、全体として1~数個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換、挿入、及び/又は付加されたアミノ酸配列を含み、しかもフィブロモジュリン断片の活性を有するポリペプチド、又は
(2)フィブロモジュリン断片のアミノ酸配列(例えば、配列番号3で表されるアミノ酸配列)との相同性が90%以上であるアミノ酸配列を有し、しかもフィブロモジュリン断片の活性を有するポリペプチド、が挙げられる。
フィブロモジュリン断片の活性としては、本発明の脱細胞化組織組成物として、改変体を含まないものと比較して、細胞の接着性を向上させることが挙げられる。
フィブロモジュリン断片の改変体は、前記アネキシン改変体と同様のアミノ酸変異、同一性、及び保存的置換等を示すものである。
本発明の脱細胞化組織組成物が、優れた強度及び優れた細胞接着性を示す理由は、完全に解明されているわけではないが、以下のように推論することができる。しかしながら、本発明は以下の説明によって限定されるものではない。
本発明の脱細胞化組織組成物に含まれるタンパク質A(例えば、アネキシン)は、4個又は8個のα-へリックス構造(アネキシンリピート)を有し、Ca2+とリン脂質に結合する。限定されるものではないが、Ca2+とリン脂質との結合能が、細胞接着能に関連しているものと考えられる。また、アネキシンが脱細胞化組織の強度に効果的に作用しているものと考えられる。
また、本発明の脱細胞化組織組成物に含まれるタンパク質B(例えば、フィブロモジュリン断片)は、フィブロモジュリンがガンマ線照射により、切断され、生成されると考えられる。フィブロモジュジュリンには、コラーゲン線維を安定化する役割があり、フィブロモジュジュリンが十分存在すると細胞のコラーゲンの新生を抑制すると考えらえる。一方、フィブロモジュジュリンが壊れると、この断片に接触した細胞のコラーゲンの新生の抑制がなくなると推定される。そのため、細胞のコラーゲン新生が起こり、細胞の機能が活性化し、脱細胞化組織組成物に接着する細胞が増加すると推定される。
また、任意の方法で得られた脱細胞化組織に、外部から前記タンパク質を添加して、本発明の脱細胞化組織組成物を得ることができる。
本実施例では、ウシの心膜を用いて、高静水圧処理により脱細胞化組織組成物を作製した。
ウシ心膜を切り開いてシート状にし、脂肪を全体的に除去した(以下、このシート状のウシ心膜を「心膜シート」という)。ポリエチレン製袋に、心膜シートを、注射用水にリン酸緩衝液(PBS、0.01M、pH7.4)を添加したものを媒体として、研究開発用高圧処理装置((株)神戸製鋼所:Dr.CHEF)で、600MPaにて10分の高静水圧処理を行った。高静水圧処理した心膜シートを核酸分解酵素のDNaseI(125U/mL)で処理、4℃で18時間5分以上振とうし、続いて80%エタノール中で4℃にて1時間以上処理、最後に4℃で4Lの注射用水で洗浄を行った。凍結乾燥処理を行い、実施例1の脱細胞化組織組成物を得た。
本実施例では、ウシの心膜を用いて、界面活性剤処理により脱細胞化材料を作製し、アネキシンA2を添加し、脱細胞化組織組成物を得た。
心膜シートを、4%エタノールが含有するように作製した0.1%(v/v)過酢酸溶液に4℃で2時間浸漬することで減菌した後、注射用水にて4℃で1時間洗浄した。その後、0.25質量%のドデシル硫酸ナトリウム(以下、SDS)溶液(10mM Tris、pH8.0)にて4℃で24時間振とうし、続けて、0.5質量%Triton-X(ポリオキシエチレンオクチルフェニルエーテル:以下、TX)溶液(10mM Tris、pH8.0)にて4℃で24時間振とうした。その後、4℃で10Lの注射用水を用いて洗浄後、リン酸緩衝液(PBS、0.01M、pH7.4)にて4℃で1時間振とうした。凍結乾燥処理を行い、脱細胞化組織組成物の重量当たり0.3質量%となるようにアネキシンA2を添加し、実施例2の脱細胞化組織組成物を得た。
本実施例では、ウシの心膜を用いて、凍結融解処理により脱細胞化材料を作製し、アネキシンA2を添加し、脱細胞化組織組成物を得た。
心膜シートを、ドライアイスで凍結させ、ドライアイスを入れた保冷箱中(約-78℃)で20時間保存した後、25℃で溶解させた。この凍結融解を4回繰り返した心膜シートを、核酸分解酵素としてDNaseI(125U/mL)で処理、4℃で96時間振とうした。更に、80%エタノール中、4℃で96時間振とうした後、注射用水中、4℃で2時間振とうした。凍結乾燥処理を行い、脱細胞化組織組成物の重量当たり0.3質量%となるようにアネキシンA2を添加し、実施例3の脱細胞化組織組成物を得た。
本実施例では、ウシの心膜を用いて、超音波処理により脱細胞化材料を作製し、アネキシンA2を添加し、脱細胞化組織組成物を得た。
心膜シートを、生理食塩水中で、超音波処理(強度:10W/cm2、周波数:10kHz、作用時間:2分間)した。超音波処理したウシ心膜について、1質量%のTX溶液(10mM Tris、pH8.0)にて4℃で96時間振とうした。TX処理した心膜シートを、核酸分解酵素としてDNaseI(125U/mL)で処理、4℃で96時間振とうした。更に、80%エタノール中、4℃で72時間振とうした後、生理食塩水中、4℃で2時間振とうした。凍結乾燥処理を行い、脱細胞化組織組成物の重量当たり0.3質量%となるようにアネキシンA2を添加し、実施例4の脱細胞化組織組成物を得た。
本実施例では、ウシの心膜を用いて、高静水圧処理により脱細胞化材料を作製し、アネキシンA2を添加し、脱細胞化組織組成物を得た。
ウシ心膜を切り開いてシート状にし、脂肪を全体的に除去し、心膜シートを得た。ポリエチレン製袋に、心膜シートを、注射用水にリン酸緩衝液(PBS、0.01M、pH7.4)を添加したものを媒体として、研究開発用高圧処理装置((株)神戸製鋼所:Dr.CHEF)で600MPaにて10分の高静水圧処理を行った。高静水圧処理した心膜シートを核酸分解酵素のDNase125U/mLで処理、4℃で18時間5分以上振とうし、続いて80%エタノール中で4℃にて1時間以上処理、最後に4℃で4Lの注射用水で洗浄を行った。凍結乾燥処理を行い、脱細胞化ウシ心のう膜を得た。脱細胞化組織組成物の重量当たり1.0質量%(全含有量)となるようにアネキシンA2を添加し、実施例5の脱細胞化組織組成物を得た。
本実施例では、ウシの心膜を用いて、界面活性剤処理により脱細胞化材料を作製し、アネキシンA2を添加し、脱細胞化組織組成物を得た。
心膜シートを、4%エタノールが含有するように作製した0.1%(v/v)過酢酸溶液に4℃で2時間浸漬することで減菌した後、注射用水にて4℃で1時間洗浄した。その後、0.25質量%のSDS溶液(10mM Tris、pH8.0)にて4℃で24時間振とうし、続けて、0.5質量%TX溶液(10mM Tris、pH8.0)にて4℃で24時間振とうした。その後、4℃で10Lの注射用水を用いて洗浄後、リン酸緩衝液(PBS、0.01M、pH7.4)にて4℃で1時間振とうした。凍結乾燥処理を行い、脱細胞化組織組成物の重量当たり1.0質量%となるようにアネキシンA2を添加し、実施例6の脱細胞化組織組成物を得た。
本実施例では、ウシの心膜を用いて、凍結融解処理により脱細胞化材料を作製し、アネキシンA2を添加し、脱細胞化組織組成物を得た。
心膜シートを、ドライアイスで凍結させ、ドライアイスを入れた保冷箱中(約-78℃)で20時間保存した後、25℃で溶解させた。この凍結融解を4回繰り返した心膜シートを、核酸分解酵素としてDNaseI(125U/mL)で処理、4℃で96時間振とうした。更に、80%エタノール中、4℃で96時間振とうした後、注射用水中、4℃で2時間振とうした。凍結乾燥処理を行い、脱細胞化組織組成物の重量当たり1.0質量%となるようにアネキシンA2を添加し、実施例7の脱細胞化組織組成物を得た。
本実施例では、ウシの心膜を用いて、超音波処理により脱細胞化材料を作製し、アネキシンA2を添加し、脱細胞化組織組成物を得た。
心膜シートを、生理食塩水中で、超音波処理(強度:10W/cm2、周波数:10kHz、作用時間:2分間)した。超音波処理したウシ心膜について、1質量%のTX溶液(10mM Tris、pH8.0)にて4℃で96時間振とうした。TX処理した心膜シートを、核酸分解酵素としてDNaseI(125U/mL)で処理、4℃で96時間振とうした。更に、80%エタノール中、4℃で72時間振とうした後、生理食塩水中、4℃で2時間振とうした。凍結乾燥処理を行い、脱細胞化組織組成物の重量当たり1.0質量%となるようにアネキシンA2を添加し、実施例8の脱細胞化組織組成物を得た。
本比較例では、ウシの心膜を用いて、界面活性剤処理により脱細胞化材料を作製した。
心膜シートを、4%エタノールが含有するように作製した0.1%(v/v)過酢酸溶液に4℃で2時間浸漬することで減菌した後、注射用水にて4℃で1時間洗浄した。その後、0.25質量%のSDS溶液(10mM Tris、pH8.0)にて4℃で24時間振とうし、続けて、0.5質量% TX溶液(10mM Tris、pH8.0)にて4℃で24時間振とうした。その後、4℃で10Lの注射用水を用いて洗浄後、リン酸緩衝液(PBS、0.01M、pH7.4)にて4℃で1時間振とうした。凍結乾燥処理を行い、比較例1の脱細胞化ウシ心のう膜(脱細胞化材料)を得た。
本比較例では、ウシの心膜を用いて、凍結融解処理により脱細胞化材料を作製した。
心膜シートを、ドライアイスで凍結させ、ドライアイスを入れた保冷箱中(約-78℃)で20時間保存した後、25℃で溶解させた。この凍結融解を4回繰り返した心膜シートを、核酸分解酵素としてDNaseI(125U/mL)で処理、4℃で96時間振とうした。更に、80%エタノール中、4℃で96時間振とうした後、注射用水中、4℃で2時間振とうした。凍結乾燥処理を行い、比較例2の脱細胞化ウシ心のう膜(脱細胞化材料)を得た。
本比較例では、ウシの心膜を用いて、超音波処理により脱細胞化材料を作製した。
心膜シートを、生理食塩水中で、超音波処理(強度:10W/cm2、周波数:10kHz、作用時間:2分間)した。超音波処理したウシ心膜について、1質量%のTX溶液(10mM Tris、pH8.0)にて4℃で96時間振とうした。TX処理した心膜シートを、核酸分解酵素としてDNaseI(125U/mL)で処理、4℃で96時間振とうした。更に、80%エタノール中、4℃で72時間振とうした後、生理食塩水中、4℃で2時間振とうした。凍結乾燥処理を行い、比較例3の脱細胞化ウシ心のう膜(脱細胞化材料)を得た。
実施例及び比較例で得られた脱細胞化組織組成物又は脱細胞化材料を、オートクレーブしたハサミとピンセットを用いて直径4mmの円盤状に切り抜き試験片とし、これを96well plate用のセルインサートにセットした。DMEM培地をセルインサートの下側に175μL、上側に15μL添加し、37°Cで24時間以上静置して、脱細胞化組織組成物又は脱細胞化材料の馴化をした。DMEM培地を除去した後、ヒト皮膚線維芽細胞(NHDF)を播種(7.0×104細胞/cm2)し、37℃で3時間培養した。試験片から、付着していない細胞をDPBS(Dulbecco’s Phosphate-Buffered Saline)を用いて洗浄及び除去した後、試験片をWst-8(同人化学研究所製)で染色し、450nmでの吸光度を測定した。別途、Wst-8により染色したNHDFと、吸光度から検量線を作成しておき、試験片の吸光度と検量線から、試験片に付着したNHDF数を算出した。
細胞接着性試験の結果を図2に示す。比較例2は、比較例1と同程度の結果であった。実施例1~8は、比較例1に比べて、細胞接着数が多く、細胞の誘因効果が良好であることがわかった。特に、実施例1、5は、細胞の誘因効果が良好であった。
本実施例では、ブタの肝臓を用いて、高静水圧処理により脱細胞化組織組成物を作製した。
ブタ肝臓を切り開いてシート状にし、脂肪を全体的に除去した(以下、このシート状のブタ肝臓を「肝臓シート」という)。ポリエチレン製袋に、肝臓シートを、注射用水にリン酸緩衝液(PBS、0.01M、pH7.4)を添加したものを媒体として、研究開発用高圧処理装置((株)神戸製鋼所:Dr.CHEF)で、600MPaにて10分の高静水圧処理を行った。高静水圧処理した肝臓シートを核酸分解酵素のDNaseI(125U/mL)で処理、4℃で18時間5分以上振とうし、続いて80%エタノール中で4℃にて1時間以上処理、最後に4℃で4Lの注射用水で洗浄を行った。凍結乾燥処理を行い、実施例9の脱細胞化組織組成物を得た。
本実施例では、ウシの心膜を用いて、高静水圧処理により脱細胞化材料を作製し、アネキシンA2を添加し、脱細胞化組織組成物を得た。
ウシ心膜を切り開いてシート状にし、脂肪を全体的に除去し、心膜シートを得た。ポリエチレン製袋に、心膜シートを、注射用水にリン酸緩衝液(PBS、0.01M、pH7.4)を添加したものを媒体として、研究開発用高圧処理装置((株)神戸製鋼所:Dr.CHEF)で600MPaにて10分の高静水圧処理を行った。高静水圧処理した心膜シートを核酸分解酵素のDNase125U/mLで処理、4℃で18時間5分以上振とうし、続いて80%エタノール中で4℃にて1時間以上処理、最後に4℃で4Lの注射用水で洗浄を行った。凍結乾燥処理を行い、脱細胞化ウシ心のう膜を得た。脱細胞化組織組成物の重量当たり3.0質量%(全含有量)となるようにアネキシンA2を添加し、実施例10の脱細胞化組織組成物を得た。
本実施例では、ウシの心膜を用いて、高静水圧処理により脱細胞化組織組成物を作製した。
ウシ心膜を切り開いてシート状にし、脂肪を全体的に除去した(以下、このシート状のウシ心膜を「心膜シート」という)。ポリエチレン製袋に、心膜シートを、注射用水にリン酸緩衝液(PBS、0.01M、pH7.4)を添加したものを媒体として、研究開発用高圧処理装置((株)神戸製鋼所:Dr.CHEF)で、600MPaにて10分の高静水圧処理を行った。高静水圧処理した心膜シートを核酸分解酵素のDNaseI(125U/mL)で処理、4℃で18時間5分以上振とうし、続いて80%エタノール中で4℃にて1時間以上処理、最後に4℃で4Lの注射用水で洗浄を行った。凍結乾燥処理を行った後、ガンマ線照射(25kGy)をすることで、実施例11の脱細胞化組織組成物を得た。
本実施例では、ウシの心膜を用いて、高静水圧処理により脱細胞化材料を作製し、アネキシンA2を添加し、脱細胞化組織組成物を得た。
ウシ心膜を切り開いてシート状にし、脂肪を全体的に除去し、心膜シートを得た。ポリエチレン製袋に、心膜シートを、注射用水にリン酸緩衝液(PBS、0.01M、pH7.4)を添加したものを媒体として、研究開発用高圧処理装置((株)神戸製鋼所:Dr.CHEF)で600MPaにて10分の高静水圧処理を行った。高静水圧処理した心膜シートを核酸分解酵素のDNase125U/mLで処理、4℃で18時間5分以上振とうし、続いて80%エタノール中で4℃にて1時間以上処理、最後に4℃で4Lの注射用水で洗浄を行った。凍結乾燥処理を行った後、ガンマ線照射(25kGy)をすることで、脱細胞化ウシ心のう膜を得た。脱細胞化ウシ心のう膜の重量当たり、1.0質量%(全含有量)となるようにアネキシンA2を添加し、実施例12の脱細胞化組織組成物を得た。
本実施例では、ウシの心膜を用いて、高静水圧処理により脱細胞化材料を作製し、アネキシンA2を添加し、脱細胞化組織組成物を得た。
ウシ心膜を切り開いてシート状にし、脂肪を全体的に除去し、心膜シートを得た。ポリエチレン製袋に、心膜シートを、注射用水にリン酸緩衝液(PBS、0.01M、pH7.4)を添加したものを媒体として、研究開発用高圧処理装置((株)神戸製鋼所:Dr.CHEF)で600MPaにて10分の高静水圧処理を行った。高静水圧処理した心膜シートを核酸分解酵素のDNase125U/mLで処理、4℃で18時間5分以上振とうし、続いて80%エタノール中で4℃にて1時間以上処理、最後に4℃で4Lの注射用水で洗浄を行った。凍結乾燥処理を行った後、ガンマ線照射(25kG)をすることで、脱細胞化ウシ心のう膜を得た。脱細胞化ウシ心のう膜の重量当たり、3.0質量%(全含有量)となるようにアネキシンA2を添加し、実施例13の脱細胞化組織組成物を得た。
(引張試験)
実施例1及び11並びに比較例1で得られた脱細胞化組織組成物又は脱細胞化材料の引張試験を以下のように行った。
(1)試験片の採取・作製
凍結乾燥状態の脱細胞化組織組成物又は脱細胞化材料を生理食塩水に15分以上浸漬した。膨潤した脱細胞化組織組成物又は脱細胞化材料からISO37に記載されているダンベル形状8号形状試験片を採取した。
(2)試験片の測定
ダンベル試験片の平行部分の厚さは、3Dワンショット形状測定装置(VR-3200、キーエンス)を用いて測定した。試験片の幅(mm)は、平行部分の打ち抜き刃型の切断面管の長さ(40mm)をそのまま用いた。試験片の厚さと幅から試験片の断面積A(mm2)を次の式で算出した。
A=t×w
(A:試験片断面積(mm2)、t:試験片厚さ(mm)、w:試験片幅mm))
(3)試験手順
ISO37に準拠し、以下の通り引張試験を実施した。断面に均一に引張力を分布させるために、試験片の両端が対照的に保持されるように、試験片を力学試験機(MCT2150,AND社製)に取り付けた。試験機を作動させる標線間距離Lb(mm)を測定した。つかみ具の速度は200mm/minとした。標線間の外側で破断した試験片データは棄却し、追加の試験片で繰り返し試験を行った。試験片は、正しく3回測定されるまで行った。測定値から下記計算式で破断強度[MPa]、弾性率[MPa](10%伸長時及び最大時)を計算した。
(4)結果の計算
<破断強度>
破断強度(MPa(N/mm2))は次の式で算出した。
破断強度(MPa)=最大荷重(N)/試験片断面(mm2)
<弾性率>
弾性率(応力/伸長ひずみ))は次の式で算出した。
弾性率(MPa)=荷重(MPa(N/mm2))/伸長ひずみ((L-L0)/L0)
実施例及び比較例で得られた脱細胞化組織組成物又は脱細胞化材料の引裂き強度試験を以下のように行った。
(1)試験片の採取・作製
凍結乾燥状態の脱細胞化組織組成物又は脱細胞化材料を生理食塩水に15分以上浸漬した。膨潤した脱細胞化組織組成物又は脱細胞化材料から20mm×15mmとなるように採取した。長辺の上から2mmの位置に6mm径の穴を空けた。糸を穴に通し、試験片を調製した。
(2)試験手順
試験片の一端を力学試験機(MCT2150,AND社製)のつかみ具に取り付け、糸をフック式の固定具に設置した。つかみ具の速度は200mm/minとした。試験片は、正しく3回測定されるまで行った。測定値は破断時の最大荷重[N]として算出した。
前記実施例1の脱細胞化組織組成物及び比較例1の脱細胞化材料の組成の違いを、二次元電気泳動で解析した。
実施例1の脱細胞化組織組成物又は比較例1の脱細胞化材料20mgを、それぞれ2本のマイクロチューブに秤量した(1本10mg)。一方に、タンパク質抽出バッファー1(尿素含有)、他方にタンパク質抽出バッファー2(尿素及び界面活性剤含有)を添加し、室温下で振とうした後、遠心し、上清を回収した。限外ろ過ユニット(Amicon Ultra-4,Ultracel 3k,Millipore)によりバッファー置換後、尿素含有バッファーを加え、遠心で濃縮し、タンパク質を精製した。タンパク質抽出バッファー1及び2で抽出した溶液について、それぞれタンパク質の定量を行った(Pierce 660nm Protein Assay,Thermo Scientific)。タンパク質抽出バッファー1及び2で抽出したタンパク質を混合した。実施例の脱細胞化組織組成物又は比較例の脱細胞化材料20mgから、それぞれ4.91mg及び6.06mgのタンパク質を回収した。実施例又は比較例のサンプル溶液から200μgのタンパク質を分取して、二次元電泳動用のサンプルとした。
10~20%の濃度勾配を有するアクリルアミドゲルを使用した。作製後24時間静置し、アクリルアミドを完全に重合させた。平衡化した一次元目電気泳動プレキャストゲルをアクリルアミドゲルに載せ、0.125%ブロモフェノールブルー入り1%アガロース溶液で固定した。ゲル左端に分子量マーカーをアプライし、分子量のスタンダードとした。80Vで17時間、ブロモフェノールブルーのバンドがゲル下端に見えるまで泳動した。
二次元電気泳動の結果を図1に示す。実施例1は、等電点pI6~9、分子量30,000~40,000あたりに、3つのスポット(1~3)が検出された。これに対し、比較例1は、実施例1で検出された3つのスポットは検出されなかった。比較例2、3においても、実施例1で検出された3つのスポットは検出されなかった。実施例1は、比較例1~3にはない特定のタンパク質を含有していることがわかった。
銀染色により可視化したスポットを切り取り、1mm角の大きさに切断したゲル片に15mMフェリシアン化カリウム、50mMチオ硫酸ナトリウムを100μL加えて10分振とうした。溶液を捨てて、Milli-Q水を加えて振とうし、ゲル片から色が抜けるまで洗浄した。ゲル片にアセトニトリルを加えて脱水した。100mM炭酸水素アンモニウム、0.01μg/μLトリプシンの酵素溶液を10μL加えてゲル片を膨潤させて、37℃に16時間おいた。50μLの0.1%TFA,50%アセトニトリルを加えて20分振とうし、ペプチドを抽出した。抽出は2回行った。ペプチド抽出液が約10μLになるまで真空遠心機で濃縮した。サンプルをZipTip C18(millipore、ZTC18S960)に吸着させ、60%アセトニトリル、0.1%TFA溶液2.5μLでペプチドを溶出させた。サンプル溶液1μLとCHCAマトリクス溶液1μLを混合し、ターゲットプレートに滴下し乾燥させた後に、質量分析計(ultrafleXtreme)で測定した。得られた質量値をもとにデータベース(NCBI RefSeq)に登録されているタンパク質の同定を行った。
分析装置 ultrafleXtreme(Bruker Daltonics)
ターゲットプレート MTP Anchorchip 600/384(209513, Bruker Daltonics)
極性 positive mode
検出モード reflector mode(300-6,000 m/z)
CHCAマトリクス溶液 0.3g/L CHCA、33%アセトン、66%エタノール
MS/MS Ion Search 検索条件
同定ソフト Mascot(Matrix Science)
データベース NCBI RefSeq
検索生物種 Bos taurus
酵素 トリプシン
固定修飾 カルバミドメチル化
得られた蛍光染色像のtiffイメージファイルをImageMaster Platinum(GE)にインポートし、数値化解析を行った。数値化解析においては、まず各ゲルの共通スポットにマニュアルでランドマークを付けた。ゲルあたり300スポットまでランドマーク付与作業を行った後、ゲルのマッチングを行った。当該作業により、両検体のゲル上で展開されたスポットに共通のスポットIDが与えられた。その後、ゲルのスポット検出を行い、スポットシグナル濃度(%Volume)を算出した。
スポットシグナル濃度は、ゲル内の全スポットのシグナルの総和に対して、スポットのシグナルが占める割合から算出した。%Volume値は百分率表示とし、最小表示は0.001%とした。
二次元電気泳動したタンパク質の重量200μgと、スポットシグナルの総和に対する各スポットシグナル(スポットシグナル濃度)との比率から、各スポット当たりのタンパク質重量を算出した。200μgのタンパク質を二次元電気泳動にアプライした際の各スポット当たりのタンパク質重量を算出した結果、実施例1では、スポット1から0.7μg、スポット2から2.0μg、スポット3から0.8μg、3つのスポットから合計3.5μgのタンパク質重量が算出された。
精製され回収されたタンパク質の重量と、二次元電気泳動したタンパク質の重量との関係から、脱細胞化組織組成物20mg当たりの3つのスポットのタンパク質重量を算出した。結果を、表2に示す。実施例1では、3つのスポットからタンパク質重量が算出された。実施例1は、タンパク質Aを0.43質量%含んでいた。これに対し、比較例1では、この3つのスポットに該当するタンパク質重量は算出されなかった。比較例2、3においても、3つのスポットに該当するタンパク質重量は算出されなかった。
200μgのタンパク質を二次元電気泳動にアプライした際の各スポット当たりのタンパク質重量を算出した結果、実施例9では、スポット4から0.14μg、スポット5から0.27μg、スポット6から0.03μg、3つのスポットから合計0.44μgのタンパク質重量が算出された。また、実施例11では、スポット7から0.7μg、スポット8から1.6μg、スポット9から0.4μg、3つのスポットから合計2.7μgのタンパク質重量が算出され、かつ、スポット10から0.24μgのタンパク質重量が算出された。
実施例1、9、及び11の脱細胞化組織組成物及び比較例1~3の脱細胞化材料の質量を測定し、これをサンプルとし、タンパク質分解酵素溶液に浸漬して溶解した後、フェノール/クロロホルムで処理してタンパク質を除去し、エタノール沈殿法によりDNAを回収した。回収したDNAをピコグリーン(Life Technologies社)により蛍光染色して蛍光強度を測定することによりDNAを定量し、サンプルの質量とDNAの量から、サンプルのDNA含有量を算出した。なお、DNAの定量には、ピコグリーンに添付された標準DNAを用いて作成した検量線を用いた。別のサンプルを用いて、サンプルの質量(水分量70%)と乾燥したサンプル(60℃の恒温槽に12時間保存したもの)の質量とから、乾燥減量比を求め、サンプルのDNA含量と乾燥減量比から、サンプルの乾燥質量あたりのDNA含量を算出した。結果を表7に示す。
(脱細胞化DNA比)=(サンプルの乾燥試験片のDNA含有量)/(サンプルの質量)×100
Claims (8)
- 脱細胞化組織と、(a)分子量:30,000~70,000及び(b)等電点:pI6.00~9.00のタンパク質Aとを含有する脱細胞化組織組成物。
- (a)分子量:3,000~15,000及び(b)等電点:pI3.00~5.50のタンパク質Bを更に含有する請求項1に記載の脱細胞化組織組成物。
- 前記タンパク質Aの含有量が、脱細胞化組織組成物に対して0.01~5.0質量%である請求項1又は2に記載の脱細胞化組織組成物。
- 前記タンパク質Bの含有量が、脱細胞化組織組成物に対して0.001~3.0質量%である請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の脱細胞化組織組成物。
- タンパク質A及びタンパク質Bの組成物中の質量比が、A:B=5:1~150:1である請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の脱細胞化組織組成物。
- 乾燥質量あたりのDNA含有量が、脱細胞化組織組成物に対して0.0300質量%以下である請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の脱細胞化組織組成物。
- 前記タンパク質Aが、アネキシンである請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の脱細胞化組織組成物。
- 前記タンパク質Bが、フィブロモジュリン由来ペプチドである請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の脱細胞化組織組成物。
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JP2005514971A (ja) | 2001-11-16 | 2005-05-26 | チルドレンズ メディカル センター コーポレーション | 組織工学処理された女性の生殖器官の創製 |
JP2005531355A (ja) | 2002-06-28 | 2005-10-20 | 株式会社カルディオ | 脱細胞化組織 |
JP2006507851A (ja) | 2002-03-26 | 2006-03-09 | アンスロジェネシス コーポレーション | コラーゲンバイオ繊維、ならびにその調製方法および使用 |
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WO2016136633A1 (ja) * | 2015-02-27 | 2016-09-01 | 株式会社Adeka | 脱細胞化組織 |
JP2018102491A (ja) * | 2016-12-26 | 2018-07-05 | 株式会社Adeka | 医療材料用シート及びその製造方法 |
US20200155613A1 (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2020-05-21 | Amino Technology LLC | PROCESS OF MAKING An AMNION DERIVED THERAPEUTIC COMPOSITION |
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JP2005514971A (ja) | 2001-11-16 | 2005-05-26 | チルドレンズ メディカル センター コーポレーション | 組織工学処理された女性の生殖器官の創製 |
JP2006507851A (ja) | 2002-03-26 | 2006-03-09 | アンスロジェネシス コーポレーション | コラーゲンバイオ繊維、ならびにその調製方法および使用 |
JP2005531355A (ja) | 2002-06-28 | 2005-10-20 | 株式会社カルディオ | 脱細胞化組織 |
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US20200155613A1 (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2020-05-21 | Amino Technology LLC | PROCESS OF MAKING An AMNION DERIVED THERAPEUTIC COMPOSITION |
WO2016136633A1 (ja) * | 2015-02-27 | 2016-09-01 | 株式会社Adeka | 脱細胞化組織 |
JP2018102491A (ja) * | 2016-12-26 | 2018-07-05 | 株式会社Adeka | 医療材料用シート及びその製造方法 |
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