WO2022100810A1 - Moteur à air comprimé à chambre active incluse et à distribution active à soupape équilibrée - Google Patents
Moteur à air comprimé à chambre active incluse et à distribution active à soupape équilibrée Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022100810A1 WO2022100810A1 PCT/EP2020/025509 EP2020025509W WO2022100810A1 WO 2022100810 A1 WO2022100810 A1 WO 2022100810A1 EP 2020025509 W EP2020025509 W EP 2020025509W WO 2022100810 A1 WO2022100810 A1 WO 2022100810A1
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- cylinder
- valve
- piston
- pressure
- chamber
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 12
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- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 62
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- DFPOZTRSOAQFIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N S,S-dimethyl-beta-propiothetin Chemical compound C[S+](C)CCC([O-])=O DFPOZTRSOAQFIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B17/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by use of uniflow principle
- F01B17/02—Engines
- F01B17/025—Engines using liquid air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B25/00—Regulating, controlling, or safety means
- F01B25/02—Regulating or controlling by varying working-fluid admission or exhaust, e.g. by varying pressure or quantity
- F01B25/08—Final actuators
- F01B25/10—Arrangements or adaptations of working-fluid admission or discharge valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
- F01L1/14—Tappets; Push rods
- F01L1/146—Push-rods
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
- F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
- F01L1/181—Centre pivot rocking arms
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
- F01L9/10—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic
- F01L9/16—Pneumatic means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
- F01L2003/25—Valve configurations in relation to engine
- F01L2003/258—Valve configurations in relation to engine opening away from cylinder
Definitions
- TITLE Compressed air motor with active chamber included and active distribution with balanced valve
- the invention relates to an engine operating in particular with compressed air, or any other gas, and using a so-called "active chamber”.
- the invention relates to the distribution at the intake of such an engine and more particularly for an engine comprising an active chamber included, and in particular for a multimodal autoexpander engine with an active chamber included.
- SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) compressed air injection, comprising a high pressure compressed air tank and a working capacity.
- the expansion chamber consists of a variable volume equipped with means for producing work, it is twinned and in contact by a permanent passage with the space comprised above the main driving piston which is equipped with a device for stopping the piston at its top dead center;
- variable volume of the expansion chamber is reduced to its smallest volume to restart a complete work cycle.
- the expansion chamber of the engine according to this invention takes an active part in the work.
- the engine is thus called an “active chamber” engine.
- SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) thermodynamic, but using a known and conventional movement transformation device of the connecting rod-crank type, the expansion chamber of the engine according to the invention actively participating in the work.
- WO-A1 -2005/049968 and WO-A1 -2008/028881 are called “active chamber engines”.
- an engine with an active chamber included comprising at least one piston mounted to slide in a cyl rim and driving a crankshaft by means of a traditional connecting rod-crank device and operating according to a four-phase thermodynamic cycle comprising:
- a dynamic expander device Preferably supplied by compressed air, or any other compressed gas, contained in a high pressure storage tank, through a buffer capacity called working capacity which is supplied by compressed air, or any other compressed gas, contained in a high pressure storage tank, which is expanded to an average pressure called working pressure in a working capacity preferentially through a dynamic expander device, in which:
- the active chamber is included/incorporated in the engine cylinder
- the engine cylinder comprises at least one piston slidably mounted in at least one cylinder whose volume swept by the piston is divided into two separate parts, a first part constituting the active chamber CA and a second part constituting the expansion chamber CD;
- the cylinder is closed at its upper part by a cylinder head comprising at least one duct and one inlet orifice, and at least one duct and one exhaust orifice and which is arranged in such a way that, when the piston is at its top dead center, the residual volume between the piston and the cylinder head is, by construction, if not non-existent, reduced only to the minimum clearances allowing operation without contact between the piston and the cylinder head;
- the exhaust port is then opened to ensure the exhaust phase during the rise of the piston over its entire stroke.
- the volume of the included active chamber CA and the volume of the expansion chamber CD are sized so that at the nominal engine operating pressure, the pressure at the end of expansion at bottom dead center is close to ambient pressure, especially atmospheric.
- the active chamber volume is determined by the inlet closure.
- the engine with active chamber included described above comprises several successive cylinders of increasing displacement.
- the engine is powered, like the teachings of documents W0-A1 -2005/049968 and W0-A1 -2008/028881, by compressed air, or by any other compressed gas, contained in a storage tank at high pressure, previously relaxed, at a nominal working pressure, in a buffer capacity - called working capacity.
- the filling of the included active chamber CA is carried out at a constant intake pressure at each engine revolution, this intake pressure being decreasing as the pressure in the storage tank decreases progressively measurement of the progressive emptying of this tank;
- the volume of the included active chamber CA is variable and is gradually increased as the pressure in the storage tank decreases, which determines said inlet pressure
- the means for opening and closing the adm ission of the compressed air in the included active chamber CA not only make it possible to open the orifice and the adm ission duct substantially at the top dead center of the race of the piston, but they also make it possible to modify the duration and/or the angular sector of the admission, as well as the passage section of the opening;
- the volume of the included active chamber CA is sized for the maximum storage pressure, then it is gradually increased so that, depending on the inlet pressure, the volume ratio between the included active chamber CA and the chamber of expansion CD, the pressure at the end of the expansion before the opening of the exhaust is close to atmospheric pressure.
- the motor according to WO-A1-2012/045694 also functions as an expander, the invention thus making it possible to propose a so-called "self-expanding" motor which, for the supply of the AC active chamber, does not require any expander independent of any kind.
- the multimodal self-expanding motor with active chamber included according to the teachings of document W0-A1 -2012/045694 implements in particular, during its operation in single-energy compressed air mode, a three-phase thermodynamic cycle comprising:
- the volume, variable according to the pressure of the high pressure storage tank, of the active chamber included determines the quantity of compressed air injected.
- the difficulty lies in making the means for opening and closing the admission of compressed air into the included active chamber which not only make it possible to open the orifice and the admission duct substantially at the top dead center of the stroke of the piston, but which also make it possible to modify the duration and/or the angular sector of the admission, as well as the passage section of the opening.
- a valve closes off the intake and/or exhaust duct and it comprises a valve head held by one or more springs resting on a circular valve seat formed around an orifice placing the duct in communication. intake and/or exhaust with the combustion and/or expansion chamber contained in the cylinder.
- the valve head opens the circuit by penetrating the chamber to be fed moved by mechanical systems of cams and tappets acting on the tail or stem of the valve which extends the head of the valve.
- patent application WO-A2-201 5/1 77076 relating to a compressed air motor with an active chamber included and with distribution active at admission.
- the active intake distribution device uses the compressed air contained in the high pressure storage tank and/or in the intake circuit to move the intake valve in order to open and then close the intake duct to supply the active chamber of the engine, the compressed air having been used for these actions then being reused in the engine to produce additional work.
- this engine comprising:
- a cylinder head which closes at its upper part the volume of the cylinder, which is swept by the piston, and which comprises at least one intake duct in which flows a flow of gas under pressure for filling the cylinder, an orifice of admission of the pressurized gas above the piston, and at least one exhaust port and one exhaust duct, the cylinder head being arranged such that, when the piston is at its top dead center, the residual volume included between the piston and the cylinder head is, by construction,
- the volume of the cylinder swept by the piston is divided into two distinct parts, a first part of which constitutes an active chamber which is included in the cylinder and a second part which constitutes an expansion chamber,
- -- engine torque and rpm are controlled by opening and closing the intake valve by allowing the intake valve to open, substantially at top dead center of the piston stroke, and allowing, by closing the valve, to modify the duration and/or the angular sector of the admission, as well as the passage section of the admission opening so as, depending on the pressure of the compressed gas contained in the reservoir of storage and the pressure at the end of the expansion phase, to determine the quantity of pressurized gas admitted as well as the volume of the active chamber, in which:
- the inlet valve is mounted so as to move axially between a low closed position in which it rests tightly on its valve seat, and a high open position
- the inlet valve moves axially, in the opposite direction to that of the flow of the gas flow under cylinder filling pressure
- the engine comprises means for controlling the opening of the intake valve, substantially at the top dead center of the stroke of the piston, to cause the separation of the intake valve from its seat to allow the establishment the intake pressure in the active chamber, the valve then traveling its full opening stroke under the action of the differential pressure forces exerted by the pressurized gas on the corresponding parts of the intake valve,
- the engine comprises a pneumatic cylinder for closing the inlet valve which comprises a cylinder of the cylinder and a closing piston which is connected in axial movement with the inlet valve, and which is slidably mounted in the cylinder end of the cylinder inside which it delimits in a sealed manner a control chamber of the cylinder, called the closing chamber,
- the engine comprises at least one intake valve opening control channel which connects said closure chamber to a source of pressurized gas which is either the upper part of the active chamber of the cylinder, or the duct intake, i.e. the pressurized gas tank,
- the engine comprises an active distribution channel which connects said closing chamber to the upper part of the active chamber and a valve for shutting off the flow of gas in the active distribution channel, called the active distribution valve, of which the opening is controlled to place the closure chamber in communication with the upper part of the active chamber, to close the inlet valve and to produce work which is added to the work of the previously admitted pressurized gas charge, via the inlet duct, in the active chamber.
- the active distribution valve a valve for shutting off the flow of gas in the active distribution channel, called the active distribution valve, of which the opening is controlled to place the closure chamber in communication with the upper part of the active chamber, to close the inlet valve and to produce work which is added to the work of the previously admitted pressurized gas charge, via the inlet duct, in the active chamber.
- the aim of the invention is to propose a new design of such an active chamber compressed air motor aimed in particular at increasing its performance and efficiency, in particular by using a distribution system for controlling the opening and closing of the inlet valve using a source of compressed gas - in particular compressed air - whose pressure value (known as low pressure) is lower than that of the pressure available in the high-pressure storage tank.
- the "pneumatic" energy required to open and close the intake valve is, for example, supplied in the form of gas from the high-pressure storage tank or from the intake circuit which is expanded at low pressure. After its use for
- SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) control the opening of the valve, this energy can then be reused by producing additional work.
- the volumes of the closing and/or opening chambers are of reduced value, for example, non-limiting, less than 10% of the engine capacity
- the invention applies identically to the control of an exhaust valve.
- the invention proposes an active chamber engine operating according to a three-phase thermodynamic cycle comprising:
- this engine comprising:
- a cylinder head which closes at its upper part the volume of the cylinder which is swept by the piston, and which comprises at least one inlet duct in which flows a flow of gas under pressure for filling the cylinder, an orifice of admission of the pressurized gas above the piston, and at least one exhaust port and one exhaust duct, the cylinder head being arranged in such a way that, when the piston is at its top dead center, the residual volume comprised between the piston and the cylinder head is, by construction, reduced to only the minimum clearances allowing operation without contact between the piston and the cylinder head,
- SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) -- the volume of the cylinder swept by the piston is divided into two distinct parts, a first part of which constitutes an active chamber which is included in the cylinder and a second part which constitutes an expansion chamber,
- the volume of the active chamber increases by producing work corresponding to the isobaric and isothermal transfer phase of the thermodynamic operating cycle
- the exhaust port is then opened to carry out the exhaust phase of the thermodynamic operating cycle during the rise of the piston over its entire stroke to its dead center high,
- -- engine torque and rpm are controlled by opening and closing the intake valve by allowing the intake valve to open, substantially at top dead center of the piston stroke, and allowing, by closing the valve, to modify the duration and/or the angular sector of the admission, as well as the passage section of the admission opening so as, according to the pressure of the compressed gas contained in the tank storage and the pressure at the end of the expansion phase, to determine the quantity of gas under pressure admitted as well as the volume of the active chamber, characterized in that:
- the inlet valve is mounted so as to move in axial movement between a low closed position in which it rests tightly on its valve seat, and a high open position
- the inlet valve moves axially, in the opposite direction to that of the flow of the gas flow under cylinder filling pressure
- the motor includes a pneumatic cylinder for controlling the opening
- the pneumatic jack comprises a jack cylinder and a piston which is connected to the inlet valve and which delimits a pilot chamber which is connected to a low pressure gas source,
- the engine comprises a channel which connects the source of low pressure gas to the pilot chamber, and a valve a controlled valve for the admission of low pressure gas into the pilot chamber,
- the engine comprises an intake valve closing control channel which connects the pilot chamber to the open air or to an energy recovery system, and a controlled valve for emptying the pilot chamber .
- the low-pressure gas source is a regulator, the inlet of which is connected to the high-pressure storage tank or the inlet duct, and the outlet of which is connected to the control chamber;
- the regulator is a regulator with variable outlet pressure controlled to vary the value of the lift of the inlet valve from its seat;
- the engine comprises an energy recovery system, a channel which connects the energy recovery system to the upper part of the cylinder located above the piston, and a valve a controlled valve for active emptying of the energy recovery system energy in the upper part of the cylinder;
- inlet valve closes and drain valve opens when the piston reaches the requested limit of the active chamber to cause the pressure in the pilot chamber to drop and to cause the valve to close intake
- the pneumatic cylinder controlling the opening of the inlet valve is integrated into the cylinder head and its piston is integral with the stem of the inlet valve;
- the pneumatic actuator for controlling the opening of the intake valve is arranged outside the cylinder head, and in that the output member of the actuator is connected, directly or indirectly, to the stem of the valve admission by a motion transmission member;
- the pneumatic actuator for controlling the opening of the intake valve is a pneumatic muscle
- said movement transmission member is a rocker which is pivotally mounted about an axis which is orthogonal to the axis of the inlet valve, one end of which is connected, directly or indirectly, to the stem of the inlet valve, and the other opposite end is connected to the output member of the pneumatic control cylinder ;
- the inlet valve stem is crossed axially by a pressure equalization channel which opens into a compensation chamber and into the upper part of the cylinder.
- FIG.1 A - Figure 1 A schematically represents a first embodiment of an engine according to the invention, with an active chamber included in the cylinder, which is illustrated in axial section at its bottom dead center, and its device compressed air supply;
- FIG.1 B is a view similar to that of Figure 1 A in which the engine is illustrated during intake, at its top dead center, the intake valve having been opened from the top dead center;
- FIG.1 C - Figure 1 C is a view similar to those of Figures 1 A and 1 B in which the engine is illustrated during the expansion phase;
- FIG.2 is a view similar to that of Figure 1 A which illustrates a second embodiment of a motor according to the invention
- FIG.3 the figure is a view similar to that of Figure 1 A which illustrates a third embodiment of a motor according to the invention
- FIG.4 - Figure 4 is a view similar to that of Figure 3 which illustrates an alternative embodiment of the third embodiment
- FIG.5 - Figure 4 is a view similar to that of Figure 3 which illustrates another alternative embodiment of the third embodiment
- FIG.6 is an axial sectional view of an embodiment of a modular cartridge incorporating a valve suitable for integration into an engine of the type illustrated schematically in Figures 3 and 4;
- FIG.7 is a sectional view through a plane passing through the axes of an inlet valve and an exhaust valve of an embodiment of an engine of the type illustrated schematically to Figures 3 and 4 wherein each valve is integrated into a cartridge as shown in Figure 6;
- FIG.8 is a perspective view from above of an embodiment of a piston particularly suitable for the design of an engine according to the invention.
- the engine comprises one or more cylinders, of which only one 1 is shown which is fed by a pressurized gas, preferably by compressed air, contained in a high pressure storage tank 12.
- the engine comprises a piston 2 which is slidably mounted along its axis in the cylinder 1, and a crankshaft 5 which is driven by the piston 2 by means of a conventional connecting rod 3 and crank 4 device.
- the engine comprises a cylinder head 6 which closes at its upper part the internal volume of cylinder 1 which is swept by piston 2.
- the internal volume of cylinder 1 which is swept by piston 2 is divided along an imaginary line DD' (corresponding to a division plane orthogonal to the axis of cylinder 1) into two parts or chambers comprising:
- the cylinder head 6 comprises at least one admission duct 8 which is connected to the tank 12 and in which flows the fl ow of pressurized gas filling the cylinder 1 .
- the inlet duct 8 ends at its lower end with a pressurized gas inlet 7 arranged above the piston 2.
- the cylinder head 6 and the piston 2 are arranged in such a way that, when the piston 2 is at its top dead center, the residual volume between the piston 2 and the cylinder head 6 is, by construction, reduced only to the minimum clearances allowing the operation without contact between the piston 2 and the cylinder head 6, that is to say without contact between the upper face 30 of the piston 2 and the portion facing the lower face 32 of the cylinder head 6 which closes the cylinder 1 at its upper part.
- the cylinder head 6 comprises an inlet valve 9, which is in particular capable of cooperating in a leaktight manner with a valve seat 20 formed in the cylinder head 6 and which delimits the admittance 7.
- the cylinder head 6 also includes at least one exhaust valve, at least one exhaust port and at least one exhaust duct (not shown) and whose design and operation are similar to the intake system described here in detail. .
- SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)
- the torque supplied by the engine is controlled by controlling the opening and closing of the inlet valve 9 by opening it at top dead center TDC of the stroke of the piston 2 and by closing it to modify the duration and/or the angular sector of the inlet, as well as the passage section of the inlet opening, in particular as a function of the value of the pressure of the gas contained in the storage tank 12.
- the inlet duct 8 is directly connected to the high-pressure gas reservoir 12 which thus directly supplies the active chamber CA, the latter thus being at the same pressure as that of the gas contained in the reservoir 12, for example l order of 100 bars and it is greater than that prevailing in the active chamber CA and the expansion chamber CD, for example equal to 1.5 bar at the time of the cycle corresponding to the bottom dead center PMB of the piston, at the end of expansion , just before the exhaust valve opens.
- the inlet valve 9 is slidably guided in a valve guide 206 and it is movably mounted in axial displacement - along its main axis - between:
- the inlet valve 9 moves axially - upwards, in the direction opposite to that of the flow of the flow F of gas under pressure filling the cylinder.
- the intake valve opens in the opposite direction to the flow of pressurized air filling the engine cylinder.
- the engine comprises a pneumatic cylinder, or gas cylinder, V for controlling the opening of the intake valve 9 which, by way of non-limiting example and according to the design illustrated in FIGS. 1 A to 1 C, is arranged in the cylinder head 6.
- the jack V comprises a jack cylinder and a closing piston P which is connected in axial movement with the upper rod 26 of the inlet valve 9, and which is slidably mounted in the cylinder of the jack V inside which it tightly delimits a lower chamber 100, called the opening chamber of the inlet valve 9, or pilot chamber.
- the actuator cylinder has an upper chamber 99 in which is housed an elastic return spring 13 of the inlet valve 9 which is for example a helical spring which is mounted compressed in the upper chamber 99 and which exerts an elastic force oriented downwards on the upper face 27 of the piston P.
- an elastic return spring 13 of the inlet valve 9 which is for example a helical spring which is mounted compressed in the upper chamber 99 and which exerts an elastic force oriented downwards on the upper face 27 of the piston P.
- the actuator cylinder is extended by an upper section 98 of smaller diameter in which the upper part of the rod 26 of the inlet valve 9 - which is extends above the piston P - is received in axial sliding.
- the free end upper face 22 of the stem 26 of the inlet valve 9 delimits in the section 98 an upper chamber 101 called the compensation chamber.
- the compensation chamber 101 also called pressure equalization chamber, is permanently connected to the upper part of the cylinder 1 located above the piston 2 by a central channel 102 opening at its two opposite ends which extends axially through the valve 9 over its entire height.
- a channel X1 connects the inlet duct 8 to the lower compensation chamber 100 of the cylinder V.
- the engine comprises a so-called intake controlled valve A which is arranged in the channel X1, and the opening of which can be controlled to put the intake duct 8 and/or the tank 12 in communication with the compensation chamber 100 .
- a regulator 10 is interposed in the channel X1, here preferably upstream of the valve A, to reduce the pressure at the outlet of the regulator 10 to a so-called low pressure value of the order of a few bars - for example equal to 8 bar - to supply the clearing house 1 00.
- the regulator 10 may have a constant outlet pressure or, alternatively, an adjustable outlet pressure.
- the lower compensation chamber 100 is here connected to the upper part of the cylinder 1 located above the piston 2 by two consecutive channels X2 and X3 with the interposition of an energy recovery system 11.
- the motor comprises a controlled valve B called a shut-off drain valve B arranged in the channel X2, the opening of which can be
- SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) controlled to put the compensation chamber 100 in communication with the potential energy recovery system 11.
- the engine comprises a controlled valve C, called an active drain valve, which connects the upper part of the cylinder 1 to the potential energy recovery system 11 and the opening of which can be controlled to put the potential energy recovery system 1 1 with cylinder 1 .
- a controlled valve C called an active drain valve
- the inlet valve 9 is permanently biased towards its closed position.
- the inlet valve 9 is elastically returned and is kept closed on its valve seat 20 by a return spring 13.
- the inlet valve 9 is balanced against the pressure forces prevailing in the cylinder 1 which are applied to the lower face 21 of the head 25 of the valve.
- the value of the pressure prevailing in the compensation chamber 101 is always equal to the value of the pressure in the cylinder 1 .
- the engine comprises a so-called low-pressure distribution system which is connected to the inlet duct 8 by the regulator 10, the pressure value of which at the outlet is lower than the pressure of the high-pressure gas contained in the tank 12.
- the maximum value of the pressure prevailing in the distribution system, downstream of the regulator 10, is constant throughout the progressive emptying of the tank 12.
- This maximum value of the pressure prevailing in the distribution system corresponds to the minimum for obtaining a complete lift stroke of the valve 9, but it can vary below this maximum value in order to reduce the stroke of the valve d admittance 9.
- inlet valve A opens channel X1 to pressurize pilot chamber 100 by connecting it to the outlet of regulator 10.
- the force thus applied to the intake valve 9 is greater than the downward return force exerted by the spring 13 on the upper face 27 of the piston P, and it causes the valve 9 to come off or lift from the seat. 20.
- Valve 9 then travels its entire opening stroke and puts inlet duct 8 in communication with cylinder 1.
- Controlling the opening of the drain valve B puts the control chamber 100 in communication with the system 11 for recovering potential energy.
- the inlet valve 9 being closed, the compressed gas present in the cylinder 1 expands as the piston 2 descends and its value decreases.
- the closing of the drain valve B is controlled, and the opening of the valve active emptying C is controlled in turn to - by the channel X3 - put the potential energy recovery system 1 1 in communication with the cylinder 1 .
- the design of the potential energy recovery system 1 1 can take several forms, depending on the type of energy that is to be recovered, and for example:
- a combination of one or more of these energy recovery systems can be considered.
- the volume of gas recovered and accumulated in a capacity 11 is injected into the cylinder 1 by expanding in the expansion chamber CD of the engine, producing work which is added to the expansion work. of the load allowed in the active chamber CA.
- the valve C is an active distribution valve.
- the exhaust valve and the exhaust duct are not represented in figures 1 A to 6, but the assembly operates according to the same principle as that which governs the admission.
- the exhaust valve control system can be connected to the same expansion valve 10 to the same potential energy recovery system 11 as those belonging to the intake valve control system 9.
- the opening cycle of the exhaust valve is close to opening at bottom dead center of piston 2 stroke and close to closing at top dead center of piston 2 stroke.
- FIG. 2 In the design according to this second embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2, the two valves A and B illustrated in FIGS. 1 A to 1 C are replaced by a slide valve E commonly called a distributor.
- Valve E is a two-position, three-way type.
- control chamber 100 In its state or position illustrated in the figure, the control chamber 100 is connected to the channel X2 upstream of the potential energy recovery system 11.
- SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) A change in position of the distributor spool causes the outlet of the regulator 10 to communicate with the control chamber 100 and the communication between the control chamber 100 and the channel X2 to be interrupted.
- Cylinder V is offset or offset laterally and it can in particular be arranged outside of cylinder head 6 in the form of an independent discrete component.
- This design makes it easier to size the cylinder V and the control chamber.
- a cylinder V for controlling the opening of the valve can be of the so-called "pneumatic muscle” type, the force/stroke behavior of which in particular is almost linear and the stroke of which is directly adjustable by adjusting the value of its supply pressure.
- Such a cylinder can be used with a low supply pressure equal to or less than, for example, 8 bar.
- This type of pneumatic muscle (Fluidic Muscle DMSP) is for example marketed under the registered trademark “FESTO”.
- the rocker 14 is pivotally mounted around an axis 15 which is orthogonal to the sliding axis of the inlet valve 9. One of its ends is connected directly or indirectly to the stem 26 of the valve, and its other opposite end is connected to the output member 17 of the offset cylinder V.
- the two valves A and B of Figure 3 can be replaced by a valve or spool valve E.
- SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) According to another variant and as illustrated in FIG. 5, and by comparison with the embodiment previously described with reference to FIG. 3, the possibility has been shown of adjusting the position of the pivot axis 15 of the rocker 14 and thus to vary the stroke of the valve 9 according to the different operating phases of the engine.
- a cartridge 200 comprising a housing in two lower 202 and upper 204 parts which house an external valve guide 206 which slidably guides the stem 26 of a valve 9 whose lower head 25 is illustrated in screw -vis a valve seat 20 integrated into the lower part 202 of the housing of the cartridge 200.
- the inlet orifice 7 is formed in the lower part 202 of the cartridge case and here it is cylindrical with a circular section
- the upper section of the rod 25 is shaped as a hollow piston P in which an internal valve guide 207 is received in leaktight manner.
- the compensation chamber 101 is thus arranged at the interface between the upper face 22 of the rod 25 - into which the balancing channel 102 opens - and the lower face portion facing vis-a-vis 209 of the internal guide 207.
- the outer guide 206 and the lower part 202 of the casing are traversed by passages 210 for venting.
- valve 9 is illustrated in its maximum high position corresponding to the control of its complete opening.
- This position is determined by a mechanical stop surface 212 carried by the upper part 204 of the casing against which the upper face 27 bears axially upwards.
- the hollow piston P secured to the rod 25 is capable of being axially slidably driven in both directions - between its high position illustrated in FIG. 6 and its low position in which the head 25 bears axially downwards against the seat 20 (See Figure 7) - by a rocker 14 which is pivotally mounted about a fixed axis 1 5 carried by the upper part 204 of the cartridge housing 200.
- the free end 214 of the rocker 14 is capable of being connected in an articulated manner to the output rod of an actuator or control cylinder which is for example a pneumatic muscle as illustrated in FIG. 7.
- Figure 7 which has a general symmetry with respect to a median vertical plane, there is shown on the left side an intake cartridge 200 and on the right side an exhaust cartridge 200', all the components of which are designated by the same numerical references increased by the “prime” index.
- the cylinder head 6 is designed and arranged so that, when the piston 2 is at its top dead center, the residual volume between the piston 2 and the cylinder head 6 is, by construction, reduced only to clearances minimum allowing operation without contact between the piston 2 and the cylinder head 6.
- Figure 8 illustrates an example of the design of a piston 2 particularly suitable for obtaining this result.
- the upper face 30 of the piston is a flat face which extends in a plane orthogonal to the sliding axis of the piston and - when the piston 2 is at its top dead center TDC corresponding to zero degrees of angle of the crankshaft - this upper face is thus able to be adjacent, almost without axial play, to the lower face 32 facing the cylinder head 6.
- the upper face 30 has projecting as many pins or fingers 220 (220') each of which is dimensioned (in diameter and in height) to be received in an inlet 7 (7 ').
- the example illustrated in Figure 8 has two fingers 220 for two intake ports and two fingers 220' for two exhaust ports 7'.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US18/252,506 US20230407747A1 (en) | 2020-11-11 | 2020-11-11 | Compressed-air engine with integrated active chamber and active distribution with balanced valve |
CN202080107882.5A CN116745503A (zh) | 2020-11-11 | 2020-11-11 | 具有内置主动室和带平衡阀的主动配气式压缩空气发动机 |
EP20811522.0A EP4259902A1 (fr) | 2020-11-11 | 2020-11-11 | Moteur à air comprimé à chambre active incluse et à distribution active à soupape équilibrée |
PCT/EP2020/025509 WO2022100810A1 (fr) | 2020-11-11 | 2020-11-11 | Moteur à air comprimé à chambre active incluse et à distribution active à soupape équilibrée |
AU2020476553A AU2020476553A1 (en) | 2020-11-11 | 2020-11-11 | Compressed-air engine with integrated active chamber and active distribution with balanced valve |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2020/025509 WO2022100810A1 (fr) | 2020-11-11 | 2020-11-11 | Moteur à air comprimé à chambre active incluse et à distribution active à soupape équilibrée |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2022100810A1 true WO2022100810A1 (fr) | 2022-05-19 |
Family
ID=73544120
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/EP2020/025509 WO2022100810A1 (fr) | 2020-11-11 | 2020-11-11 | Moteur à air comprimé à chambre active incluse et à distribution active à soupape équilibrée |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20230407747A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP4259902A1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN116745503A (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2020476553A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2022100810A1 (fr) |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US896439A (en) * | 1907-09-13 | 1908-08-18 | Fred S Holsteen | Valve. |
DE1042607B (de) * | 1956-01-05 | 1958-11-06 | Mannesmann Meer Ag | Einlass- und Auslassventilsteuerung fuer Kolbenkraftmaschinen mit getrennten Ein- und Auslassventilen |
WO2003036088A1 (fr) | 2001-10-25 | 2003-05-01 | Mdi Motor Development International Societe Anonyme | Groupe motocompresseur-motoalternateur a injection d'air comprime additionnel fonctionnant en mono et pluri energies |
WO2003089764A1 (fr) | 2002-04-22 | 2003-10-30 | Mdi Motor Developement International S.A. | Detendeur a debit variable et distribution par soupape a commande progressive pour moteur a injection d'air comprime fonctionnant en mono et pluri energie et autres moteurs ou compresseurs |
WO2005049968A1 (fr) | 2003-11-17 | 2005-06-02 | Mdi - Motor Development International S.A. | Moteur a chambre active mono et/ou bi energie a air comprime et/ou energie additionnelle et son cycle thermodynamique |
WO2008028881A1 (fr) | 2006-09-05 | 2008-03-13 | Mdi - Motor Development International S.A. | Moteur optimisé à air comprimé ou gaz et/ou énergie supplémentaire possédant une chambre de détente active |
WO2012045693A1 (fr) | 2010-10-04 | 2012-04-12 | Motor Development International S.A. | Moteur mono et/ou bi-énergie à air comprimé et/ou à énergie additionnelle à chambre active incluse dans le cylindre |
WO2012045694A1 (fr) | 2010-10-05 | 2012-04-12 | Motor Development International S.A. | Moteur à air comprimé à chambre active incluse et autodétendeur |
WO2015177076A2 (fr) | 2014-05-22 | 2015-11-26 | Motor Development International S.A | Moteur à air comprimé à chambre active incluse et à distribution active à l'admission |
Family Cites Families (8)
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US3410304A (en) * | 1966-01-19 | 1968-11-12 | Herman L. Paul Jr. | Relief valves |
GB2212857B (en) * | 1987-12-02 | 1991-11-27 | Benzion Olsfanger | An internal combustion engine. |
US5193495A (en) * | 1991-07-16 | 1993-03-16 | Southwest Research Institute | Internal combustion engine valve control device |
DE4423657C2 (de) * | 1994-07-06 | 1997-10-02 | Daimler Benz Ag | Betätigungseinrichtung für ein Motorbremsventil einer Brennkraftmaschine |
US7536984B2 (en) * | 2007-04-16 | 2009-05-26 | Lgd Technology, Llc | Variable valve actuator with a pneumatic booster |
KR101128473B1 (ko) * | 2007-08-13 | 2012-03-23 | 스쿠데리 그룹 엘엘씨 | 압력 평형 엔진 밸브들 |
EP2063075A1 (fr) * | 2007-11-23 | 2009-05-27 | EMPA Eidgenössische Materialprüfungs- und Forschungsanstalt | Commande de soupape entraînée par fluide |
DE102011078556B3 (de) * | 2011-07-01 | 2012-11-08 | Norbert Kuhl | Ventilbetätigungsvorrichtung einer kolbendampfmaschine |
-
2020
- 2020-11-11 AU AU2020476553A patent/AU2020476553A1/en active Pending
- 2020-11-11 EP EP20811522.0A patent/EP4259902A1/fr active Pending
- 2020-11-11 US US18/252,506 patent/US20230407747A1/en active Pending
- 2020-11-11 CN CN202080107882.5A patent/CN116745503A/zh active Pending
- 2020-11-11 WO PCT/EP2020/025509 patent/WO2022100810A1/fr active Application Filing
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US896439A (en) * | 1907-09-13 | 1908-08-18 | Fred S Holsteen | Valve. |
DE1042607B (de) * | 1956-01-05 | 1958-11-06 | Mannesmann Meer Ag | Einlass- und Auslassventilsteuerung fuer Kolbenkraftmaschinen mit getrennten Ein- und Auslassventilen |
WO2003036088A1 (fr) | 2001-10-25 | 2003-05-01 | Mdi Motor Development International Societe Anonyme | Groupe motocompresseur-motoalternateur a injection d'air comprime additionnel fonctionnant en mono et pluri energies |
WO2003089764A1 (fr) | 2002-04-22 | 2003-10-30 | Mdi Motor Developement International S.A. | Detendeur a debit variable et distribution par soupape a commande progressive pour moteur a injection d'air comprime fonctionnant en mono et pluri energie et autres moteurs ou compresseurs |
WO2005049968A1 (fr) | 2003-11-17 | 2005-06-02 | Mdi - Motor Development International S.A. | Moteur a chambre active mono et/ou bi energie a air comprime et/ou energie additionnelle et son cycle thermodynamique |
WO2008028881A1 (fr) | 2006-09-05 | 2008-03-13 | Mdi - Motor Development International S.A. | Moteur optimisé à air comprimé ou gaz et/ou énergie supplémentaire possédant une chambre de détente active |
WO2012045693A1 (fr) | 2010-10-04 | 2012-04-12 | Motor Development International S.A. | Moteur mono et/ou bi-énergie à air comprimé et/ou à énergie additionnelle à chambre active incluse dans le cylindre |
WO2012045694A1 (fr) | 2010-10-05 | 2012-04-12 | Motor Development International S.A. | Moteur à air comprimé à chambre active incluse et autodétendeur |
WO2015177076A2 (fr) | 2014-05-22 | 2015-11-26 | Motor Development International S.A | Moteur à air comprimé à chambre active incluse et à distribution active à l'admission |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2020476553A9 (en) | 2024-06-13 |
CN116745503A (zh) | 2023-09-12 |
US20230407747A1 (en) | 2023-12-21 |
AU2020476553A1 (en) | 2023-06-15 |
EP4259902A1 (fr) | 2023-10-18 |
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