WO2012045693A1 - Moteur mono et/ou bi-énergie à air comprimé et/ou à énergie additionnelle à chambre active incluse dans le cylindre - Google Patents
Moteur mono et/ou bi-énergie à air comprimé et/ou à énergie additionnelle à chambre active incluse dans le cylindre Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012045693A1 WO2012045693A1 PCT/EP2011/067211 EP2011067211W WO2012045693A1 WO 2012045693 A1 WO2012045693 A1 WO 2012045693A1 EP 2011067211 W EP2011067211 W EP 2011067211W WO 2012045693 A1 WO2012045693 A1 WO 2012045693A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- cylinder
- active chamber
- compressed air
- piston
- Prior art date
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002040 relaxant effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002551 biofuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001846 repelling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B17/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by use of uniflow principle
- F01B17/02—Engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
- F02G1/02—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of open-cycle type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B21/00—Engines characterised by air-storage chambers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
- F02M31/02—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
- F02M31/04—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating combustion-air or fuel-air mixture
- F02M31/06—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating combustion-air or fuel-air mixture by hot gases, e.g. by mixing cold and hot air
- F02M31/08—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating combustion-air or fuel-air mixture by hot gases, e.g. by mixing cold and hot air the gases being exhaust gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
- F02M31/02—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
- F02M31/16—Other apparatus for heating fuel
- F02M31/163—Preheating by burning an auxiliary mixture
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
- F24S20/20—Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S90/00—Solar heat systems not otherwise provided for
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the invention relates to an engine operating in particular with compressed air, or any other gas, and using a so-called “active chamber” chamber.
- valves with valves and springs well known have very low flow rates and their use for this application requires very heavy and inefficient devices. In addition, they are very sensitive to icing due to the humidity of the cooled air during relaxation.
- WO-A1-2005 / 049968 describing a compressed air motor preferably powered by compressed air or any other compressed gas contained in a storage tank.
- high pressure previously relaxed to a nominal working pressure in a buffer capacity said working capacity.
- the working capacity in a bi-energies version comprises a device for heating the air supplied by additional energy (fossil or other energy) making it possible to increase the temperature and / or the pressure of the air passing through it.
- the expansion chamber is constituted by a variable volume equipped with means making it possible to produce a work, it is twinned and in contact by a permanent passage with the space included above the main engine piston which is equipped with a piston stop device at top dead center,
- the air or the gas under pressure is admitted into the expansion chamber when it is at its smallest volume and, under the pressure, will increase its volume by producing a job
- the expansion chamber being maintained substantially at its maximum volume, the compressed air contained therein then relaxes in the engine cylinder, thereby pushing the engine piston in its downward stroke, thereby providing a job
- variable volume of the expansion chamber is reduced to its smallest volume to start a complete work cycle.
- the engine expansion chamber according to this invention actively participates in the work.
- the engine is thus called “active chamber” engine.
- thermodynamic cycle in four phases during its operation in mono-energy compressed air mode characterized by:
- WO-A1-2008/028881 which shows a variant of WO-A1-2005 / 049968, claims the same thermodynamic cycle but using a conventional crank-crank device. It is preferably supplied with compressed air or any other compressed gas contained in a high-pressure storage tank, previously expanded to a nominal working pressure in a so-called working capacity buffer capacity.
- the capacity of work in version bi-energies comprises a device reheating the air powered by additional energy (fossil or other energy) to increase the temperature and / or the pressure of the air that passes through it.
- the expansion chamber is constituted by a variable volume equipped with means making it possible to produce a work and is connected by a passage comprising a shutter thus making it possible to isolate it or put it in contact with the volume included in the engine cylinder above the engine piston at its top dead center;
- the engine expansion chamber according to the invention actively participates in the work.
- the motors according to WO-A1-2005 / 049968 and WO-A1-2008 / 028881 are known as active chamber motors.
- the present invention proposes to solve this problem while simplifying the construction of the machine.
- the active chamber motor included in the engine cylinder according to the invention uses the same thermodynamic cycles as WO-A1-2005 / 049968 and WO-A1-2008/028881 described above, as well as a traditional crank connecting device.
- the invention thus proposes an active-chamber motor, comprising at least one piston slidably mounted in a cylinder and driving a crankshaft by means of a conventional crank-rod device and operating according to a four-phase thermodynamic cycle comprising:
- the volume of the cylinder which is swept by the piston is closed at its upper part by a cylinder head having at least one duct and inlet port and at least one duct and exhaust port and which is arranged so that that when the piston is at its top dead point, the residual volume between the piston and the cylinder head is, by construction, reduced to the minimum clearances allowing operation without contact between the piston and the cylinder head;
- the exhaust port is then open to ensure the exhaust phase during the ascent of the piston over its entire stroke.
- the maximum volume of the active chamber CA included in the engine cylinder and the volume of the expansion chamber CD are dimensioned such that so that at the nominal operating pressure of the engine the pressure at the end of the expansion at the bottom dead point is close to the atmospheric pressure.
- a 300 cm 3 engine of full displacement - that is, the volume of the active chamber plus the volume of the expansion chamber - the maximum volume of the CA active chamber included in the cylinder will be 35 cm 3 , reached at 45 degrees engine rotation after the top dead center, and the volume of the CD expansion chamber will be 265 cm 3 , and the bottom dead center pressure at The opening of the exhaust will be 1.03 bar.
- the engine according to the invention is advantageously equipped with a variable-flow regulator according to WO-A1 -03 / 089764, known as a dynamic expansion valve, which makes it possible to feed the working capacity to its nominal operating pressure by compressed air. from the high pressure storage tank by performing a no-work relaxation of the isothermal type.
- a variable-flow regulator according to WO-A1 -03 / 089764, known as a dynamic expansion valve, which makes it possible to feed the working capacity to its nominal operating pressure by compressed air. from the high pressure storage tank by performing a no-work relaxation of the isothermal type.
- thermodynamic cycle of the active-chamber motor is identical to that of WO-A1-2005 / 049968 and WO-A1-2008/028881. It is characterized by an isothermal expansion without work allowed by the dynamic expansion valve, followed by a transfer accompanied by a very slight relaxation almost isothermal - for example a capacity of 3,000 cubic centimeters in a capacity of 3050 cubic centimeters - with work by the use of the air pressure included in the working capacity during the filling of the expansion chamber, followed by a polytropic relaxation of the expansion chamber in the engine cylinder with work and considerable lowering of the temperature, to end with the escape of the air relaxed to the atmosphere.
- the active chamber engine included in the cylinder according to the invention comprises several stages of successive cascading cylinders each of which is designed and operated according to the principle of the invention which has just been to be defined, these consecutive cylinders being of increasing displacement.
- the first cylinder of the smallest capacity, is supplied with compressed air by the working capacity.
- the next cylinder (s), of increasing displacement, are supplied with compressed air by the exhaust of the upstream / preceding cylinder.
- One or more heat exchanger (s) with the atmosphere is / are positioned between each cylinder, that is to say between two consecutive cylinders, to increase the air temperature of the cylinder. Exhaust the previous cylinder to bring it close to room temperature and thus increase the volume of air escaped.
- the total cubic capacity, the volume of the active chamber and the volume of the expansion chamber of each cylinder are dimensioned so that the volume of air escaped from each of the cylinders, namely the volume of the total cubic capacity plus the volume of the cylinder. increase in volume caused by the increase of the temperature in the exchangers, are substantially equivalent to the maximum volume of the active chamber of the next cylinder.
- each cylinder Depending on the number of cylinders chosen, and the total displacement of the engine, the characteristics of each cylinder are defined so that the exhaust temperatures of each cylinder are substantially identical. As a result, the lowering factors of the exhaust pressure are also found to be substantially similar.
- a 3 cylinder engine according to the invention with a total displacement of 508.7 cm 3 fed by a working capacity at a nominal pressure of 100 bar will have the following characteristics:
- the compressed air at ambient temperature contained in the working capacity is heated at constant pressure by additional energy in a thermal heater.
- This arrangement makes it possible to increase the quantity of usable and available energy by the fact that the compressed air, before its introduction into the active chamber CA, will increase its temperature and increase its volume while allowing the increase of the autonomy of the a machine (for example a motor vehicle) equipped with the motor according to the invention, in the proportion of said increase in volume.
- thermal reheat device or thermal reheater
- thermal reheater has the advantage of being able to use clean continuous combustions which can be catalyzed or decontaminated by any known means in order to obtain minute emissions of pollutants.
- the thermal heater can use for energy a fossil fuel such as gasoline, diesel or gas LPG or CNG.
- the heater can also use biofuels or alcohol / ethanol, thus making it possible to perform a dual-energy operation with external combustion, in which a burner will cause a rise in temperature.
- the heater can also use thermochemical processes that allow this rise in temperature.
- the active-chamber motor uses solar energy to heat the compressed air and it is equipped for this purpose with a solar dish, or any other system for recovering solar energy, focusing in a chamber allowing the temperature increase of the compressed air that passes through the working capacity.
- This characteristic makes it possible to increase the quantity of usable and available energy by the fact that the compressed air, before it is introduced into the cylinder, will increase its temperature and increase its volume while allowing the increase of the autonomy of the machine. equipped with the engine according to the invention, in the proportion of said increase in volume.
- the different energies used can be used separately or in combination.
- the means for heating the air by additional energy are preferably installed between the last two cylinders to maintain the input of ambient thermal energy during the operation.
- reheating and / or warming up devices between each pair of cylinders can be used, without changing the principle of the present invention.
- the exhaust air is directed to a single multi-stage heater so that only one combustion source can be used.
- thermodynamic cycle of the first cylinder then comprises five phases:
- thermodynamic cycle of subsequent / consecutive cylinders in the case of a multi-cylinder comprises four phases:
- the engine according to the invention is driven in torque and in speed, by controlling the pressure in the working capacity, this control being advantageously provided by the dynamic expander, when it operates in dual energy mode with additional energy (fossil or other) and by means of an electronic computer that equips the engine and controls the amount of additional energy provided, depending on the pressure in said working capacity.
- the active-chamber motor is coupled to an air compressor allowing, during its operating with the additional energy, supplying compressed air to the storage tank of compressed air at high pressure.
- a heat exchanger is positioned between the compressor and the storage tank, so that the compressed air at high pressure at high temperature at the outlet of the compressor returns to the reservoir, a temperature close to ambient temperature.
- the active chamber motor according to the invention mono-energy and bi-energies thus equipped operates in three modes:
- the heat exchangers may be air / air or air / liquid exchangers, or any other device or gas producing the desired effect of reheating.
- the active chamber engine according to the invention can be used on all land, maritime, railway, aeronautical vehicles.
- the active chamber motor according to the invention can also and advantageously find its application in the emergency generator sets, as well as in many domestic cogeneration applications producing electricity, heating and air conditioning.
- FIG. 1 shows schematically a motor according to the invention, active chamber included in the cylinder, which is illustrated in axial section at its bottom dead point, and its compressed air supply device;
- FIG. 5 shows, in section, an active chamber motor according to the invention multi-cylinder with three stages
- - Figure 6 schematically shows an active chamber motor according to the invention, seen in section, and its high-pressure air supply device comprising a device for heating the compressed air by means of a solar parabola;
- FIG. 7 shows, in section, a multi-cylinder engine and its heating device by combustion
- FIG. 8 schematically shows an active chamber motor according to the invention coupled to a compressor supplying the storage tank.
- FIG. 1 represents an active chamber motor according to the invention on which a driving cylinder 1 can be seen in which a piston slides
- the volume of the engine cylinder 1 according to the invention which is swept by the piston 2 is divided along an imaginary line DD '(corresponding to a plane of division orthogonal to the axis of the cylinder) into two parts: a first part constituting the chamber active CA, which is thus included in the cylinder, and a second portion constituting the expansion chamber CD.
- the engine cylinder 1 is capped with an upper cylinder head 6 comprising an intake duct 7 and an exhaust duct 8, as well as associated means for closing said ducts, these means being here intake valves 9 and exhaust 10 respectively.
- the intake duct is connected to a working capacity 11 at working pressure which is fed by a high-pressure reservoir 12 through a dynamic expander 13.
- the high-pressure compressed air contained in the high pressure storage tank 12 is expanded to the working pressure in the working capacity 11 through the dynamic expansion valve 13 thus performing the first phase of the thermodynamic cycle: an isothermal expansion without job.
- a device (not shown), controlled by the accelerator pedal, controls the dynamic expander 13 to allow to regulate the pressure in the working chamber and thus to control the engine.
- the piston 2 When the piston 2 is at its top dead point, by construction, the residual volume between the upper face of the piston and the portion vis-à-vis the cylinder head 6 is zero, or almost zero, and the volume of the active chambers CA and relaxing CD is then zero. From the top dead center of the piston, the volume of the cylinder swept by the piston and located above the upper face of the piston will increase gradually, thus creating successively the active chamber CA, then the expansion chamber CD.
- the downward stroke of the piston 2 in the cylinder 1 thus comprises, consecutively, a first "upper” part corresponding to the progressive formation of the so-called active chamber CA, and a second "lower” part corresponding to the progressive formation of the so-called chamber. relaxing CD.
- Figure 2 shows the active chamber engine according to the invention during admission, the inlet valve 9 having been opened from the top dead center.
- the compressed air at nominal working pressure contained in the working capacity 11 supplies constant pressure to the active chamber CA, the volume of which increases gradually, and pushes the piston 2 downwards, producing a work and performing the second phase. of the thermodynamic cycle: transfer with slight relaxation with quasi-isothermal work.
- FIG. 3 represents the enclosed active-chamber motor CA according to the invention while the piston 2 reaches the line DD ', at which time the volume of the active chamber CA is maximum and at which the pressure in the active chamber is at the pressure nominal working identical to the pressure of the air contained in the working capacity 11.
- the inlet valve 9 is then closed and interrupts the arrival of air under pressure.
- the compressed air at the nominal pressure contained in the active chamber CA relaxes by pushing the piston 1 towards its bottom dead point (FIG. 4) by doing a relaxing engine work and by performing the third phase of the thermodynamic cycle: polytropic expansion with work.
- the piston 1 then reaches its bottom dead point (FIG. 1), corresponding to the maximum available volume of the cylinder swept by the piston, and the exhaust valve 10 is then opened to evacuate, through the exhaust pipe 8, the air relaxed - at a pressure close to atmospheric pressure - to the atmosphere during its ascent stroke by performing the fourth phase of the thermodynamic cycle: exhaust at ambient / atmospheric pressure.
- FIG. 5 represents a multi-cylinder engine with three stages of increasing displacement according to the invention. From left to right, we can see the first cylinder 1 of the smallest displacement in which slides a piston 2 connected by a connecting rod 3 to the crankpin 4 of a crankshaft 5.
- This engine cylinder 1 is divided into a line DD 'in two parts: an active chamber CA and a partial expansion chamber CD (not visible in the drawing).
- the engine cylinder 1 is capped with a cylinder head 6 comprising an intake duct 7 and an exhaust duct 8 as well as means for closing off these ducts which are here intake and exhaust valves 10.
- the intake duct 7 is connected to a working capacity 11 at working pressure supplied by the high-pressure reservoir 12 through a dynamic expander 13.
- the exhaust duct 8 opens at the inlet of a first heat exchanger air / air 14.
- the second stage consists of a second cylinder 1A, whose displacement is greater than that of the first cylinder 1, in which slides a piston 2A connected by a connecting rod 3A to the crankpin 4A of the common crankshaft 5.
- the second engine cylinder 1A is divided along a line DD 'in two parts: a second active chamber CA1 whose volume is substantially equal to the displacement of the first cylinder 1 plus the increase in volume caused by the heating of the exhaust in the air / air heat exchanger 14 , and a second partial relaxation chamber CD1.
- the second engine cylinder 1A is capped with a common cylinder head 6 comprising an intake duct 7A and an exhaust duct 8A, and means for closing said ducts which are here intake valves 9A and exhaust 10A.
- the intake duct 7A is connected to the outlet of the air / air heat exchanger 14 which supplies it with compressed air at the constant pressure of the exhaust of the first cylinder.
- the exhaust duct 8A opens at the inlet of a second air / air
- the third stage consists of a third cylinder 1B whose cubic capacity is even larger and is greater than the cylinder capacity of the second cylinder 1A, in which slides a piston 2B connected by a connecting rod 3B to the crankpin 4B of the common crankshaft 5.
- the cylinder 1B engine is divided along a line DD 'into two parts: a third active chamber CA2 whose volume is substantially equal to the displacement of the second cylinder 1A increased volume increase caused by the heating of the exhaust in the second exchanger thermal air / air 15 and a third expansion chamber CD2 not visible in the drawing.
- the engine cylinder 1B is capped with the cylinder head 6, here common to the three cylinders, comprising an intake duct 7B and an exhaust duct 8B and shutter means of these ducts which are here intake valves 9B and exhaust 10B.
- the intake duct 7B is connected to the outlet of the second air / air heat exchanger 15 which the supply of compressed air at a constant pressure of the exhaust of the second cylinder 1A.
- the exhaust pipe 8B opens to the atmosphere.
- the high-pressure compressed air contained in the high pressure storage tank 12 is expanded by the dynamic expander 13 to a nominal working pressure which in this case can be much higher - for example 100 bar - than in the case of a single-cylinder engine as described above.
- the inlet valve 9 When the piston 2 of the first cylinder 1 is at its top dead center, the inlet valve 9 is open and the compressed air at nominal working pressure contained in the working capacity 11 supplies constant pressure to the active chamber CA first cylinder 1 and pushes the piston 2 in its downstroke by producing a job.
- the piston 2 reaches the line DD 'at which the volume of the active chamber CA of 5.5 is at the nominal working pressure of 100 bar identical to the pressure of the air contained in the working capacity 11.
- intake 9 is closed and it interrupts the arrival of pressurized air.
- the compressed air at the nominal pressure contained in the active chamber CA partially relaxes in the expansion chamber by pushing the piston 1 towards its bottom dead point by performing a work engine relaxation.
- the compressed air cools to minus 78 degrees.
- the first piston 1 reaches its low dead point while the air pressure contained in the cylinder 1 of a given total volume of 90 cm 3 is still large, of the order of 20 bar.
- the exhaust valve 10 is then opened and the piston 1 pushes at almost constant pressure the compressed air into the air / air exchanger 14 in which it will heat up and regain substantially the ambient temperature by increasing the volume to go from 20 cm 3 to 26 cm 3 .
- the top of the inlet valve 9A is open and the compressed air with secondary working pressure contained in the exchanger 14 supplies the second chamber with constant pressure (20 bar) included active CA1 cylinder 1A and pushes the second piston 2A in its downstroke by producing a job.
- the piston 2A reaches the line DD 'at which the volume of the second active chamber CA1 of 26 cm3 is at the pressure secondary working 20 bar identical to the air pressure in the exchanger 14.
- the inlet valve 9A is closed and interrupts the arrival of air under pressure.
- the compressed air at the secondary pressure (20 bar) contained in the second active chamber CA1 then partially relaxes by pushing the second piston 1A towards its bottom dead point by performing a work engine relaxation.
- the compressed air cools to minus 78 degrees.
- the second piston 1A arrives at its bottom dead center while the air pressure contained in the second cylinder 1A, with a total volume of 90 cm 3 , is still significant of the order of 5 bar. 10A exhaust is then open and the second piston 1A pushes at almost constant pressure compressed air in the second air / air exchanger 15 in which it will heat up and regain substantially the ambient temperature by increasing volume to pass 90 cm 3 at 129 cm 3 .
- the intake valve 9B When the third piston 2B of the third cylinder 1B is at its top dead point, the intake valve 9B is open and the compressed air at tertiary working pressure - 5 bar - contained in the second exchanger 15 supplies constant pressure to the third included active chamber CA2 of the third cylinder 1B and pushes the piston 2B in its downward stroke producing a job, the piston 2B reaches the line DD 'at which the volume of the third active chamber CA2 of 129 cm 3 is at the tertiary pressure working pressure - 5 bar - identical to the pressure of the air contained in the second exchanger 15.
- the inlet valve 9B is closed and it interrupts the arrival of air under pressure.
- the compressed air at tertiary pressure contained in the third active chamber CA2 relaxes completely by pushing the third piston 1B towards its bottom dead point by doing a work engine relaxation, to reach atmospheric pressure.
- the compressed air cools to minus 78 degrees.
- the third piston 1B reaches its bottom dead point while the pressure of the air contained in the third cylinder 1B of a given total volume of 400 cm 3 is close to atmospheric pressure and the exhaust valve 8B is then open and the third piston 2B pushes back to the atmosphere the air contained in the third cylinder 1B.
- FIG. 6 represents an active chamber motor included according to the invention and its high pressure air supply device comprising a device for heating the compressed air by a solar parabola 16 which focuses in the working capacity allowing the increase temperature of the compressed air passing through it.
- This arrangement makes it possible to increase the amount of usable and available energy by the fact that the compressed air, before its introduction into the active chamber included, will increase its temperature and increase pressure and / or volume by allowing the increase engine performance and / or the range of the vehicle equipped with the engine.
- FIG. 7 shows the active-chamber motor according to the invention, a multi-energy version in which a schematic device 17 for heating compressed air positioned between the last (second) heat exchanger 15 and the admission of the last (third) cylinder with additional energy input.
- This heating device is here a burner 17 fed by a gas cylinder 18.
- the combustion implementation is thus here an external-internal combustion and it allows to significantly increase the volume and / or the pressure of the compressed air from the exhaust of the previous cylinder (second cylinder).
- FIG. 8 represents the active chamber motor according to the invention operating in autonomous bi-energies mode with the so-called additional fossil or vegetable energy when, according to a variant of the invention, it drives a compressor 19 of compressed air which supplies the storage tank 12 through an air / air heat exchanger 20.
- the general operation of the engine is identical to that described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. However, this additional arrangement makes it possible to fill the storage tank in use. by means of additional energy.
- the present invention proposes a method for controlling the operation of an engine comprising at least one cylinder closed by a cylinder head and piston-swept, with the possibility of stopping the piston at the top dead center, which makes it possible to incorporate / include functionally and thus structurally in the driving cylinder an active chamber CA which, in the previous inventions, was "external” to the cylinder to which this "external" active chamber was connected.
- the active chamber motor according to the invention has been described with operation with compressed air. However, he can use any which compressed gas / gas at high pressure, without departing from the scope of the claimed invention.
- the invention is not limited to the embodiments described and shown: the materials, the control means, the devices described may vary within the limit of equivalents, to produce the same results.
- the number of engine cylinders, their displacements, the maximum volume of the active chamber relative to the displaced volume of the cylinder (s) and the number of stages of relaxation, may vary.
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Supercharger (AREA)
- Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
- Supply Devices, Intensifiers, Converters, And Telemotors (AREA)
- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (21)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
UAA201305248A UA113278C2 (xx) | 2010-10-04 | 2011-03-10 | Пневматичний двигун, що використовує один і/або два види енергії, який працює на стиснутому газі і/або на додатковій енергії, з активною камерою, включеною в циліндр |
CA2810930A CA2810930C (fr) | 2010-10-04 | 2011-10-03 | Moteur mono et/ou bi-energie a air comprime et/ou a energie additionnelle a chambre active incluse dans le cylindre |
AU2011311695A AU2011311695B2 (en) | 2010-10-04 | 2011-10-03 | Mono-energy and/or dual-energy engine with compressed air and/or additional energy, comprising an active chamber included in the cylinder |
SG2013025374A SG189276A1 (en) | 2010-10-04 | 2011-10-03 | Mono-energy and/or dual-energy engine with compressed air and/or additional energy, comprising an active chamber included in the cylinder |
IN608MUN2013 IN2013MN00608A (fr) | 2010-10-04 | 2011-10-03 | |
NZ608179A NZ608179A (en) | 2010-10-04 | 2011-10-03 | Mono-energy and/or dual-energy engine with compressed air and/or additional energy, comprising an active chamber included in the cylinder |
MA35768A MA34543B1 (fr) | 2010-10-04 | 2011-10-03 | Moteur mono et/ou bi-énergie à air comprimé et/ou à énergie additionnelle à chambre active incluse dans le cylindre |
MX2013002592A MX2013002592A (es) | 2010-10-04 | 2011-10-03 | Motor de mono-energia y/o energia dual con aire comprimido y/o energia adicional, que comprende una camara activa includa en el cilindro. |
JP2013532149A JP2013542367A (ja) | 2010-10-04 | 2011-10-03 | シリンダに包含される活性室を有する、圧縮空気および/または付加的エネルギーを用いる単一エネルギーおよび/または二重エネルギーエンジン |
CN201180048061.XA CN103201457B (zh) | 2010-10-04 | 2011-10-03 | 具有内置于汽缸的活动室的利用压缩空气和/或附加能源的单和/或双能源发动机 |
US13/822,946 US20130239563A1 (en) | 2010-10-04 | 2011-10-03 | Mono-energy and/or dual-energy engine with compressed air and/or additional energy, comprising an active chamber included in the cylinder |
BR112013008073A BR112013008073A2 (pt) | 2010-10-04 | 2011-10-03 | motor mono e/ou bienergia a ar comprimido e/ou à energia adicional com câmara ativa incluída no cilindro |
EP11764179.5A EP2625385A1 (fr) | 2010-10-04 | 2011-10-03 | Moteur mono et/ou bi-énergie à air comprimé et/ou à énergie additionnelle à chambre active incluse dans le cylindre |
KR1020137011563A KR20130117783A (ko) | 2010-10-04 | 2011-10-03 | 실린더에 포함된 능동형 챔버를 포함하는,압축 공기 및/또는 추가적인 에너지를 이용하는 단일에너지 및/또는 듀얼에너지 엔진 |
AP2013006795A AP3564A (en) | 2010-10-04 | 2011-10-03 | Mono-energy and/or dual-energy engine with compressed air and/or additional energy, comprising an active chamber included in the cylinder |
EA201390479A EA201390479A1 (ru) | 2010-10-04 | 2011-10-03 | Пневматический двигатель, использующий один и/или два вида энергии, работающий на сжатом газе и/или на дополнительной энергии, с активной камерой, включенной в цилиндр |
TNP2013000092A TN2013000092A1 (fr) | 2011-10-03 | 2013-03-08 | Moteur mono et/ou bi-energie a air comprime et/ou a energie additionnelle a chambre active incluse dans le cylindre |
IL225296A IL225296A0 (en) | 2010-10-04 | 2013-03-18 | Single or double energy engine with compressed air and/or additional energy containing an active cell contained in the cylinder |
CU2013000051A CU20130051A7 (es) | 2010-10-04 | 2013-04-04 | Motor de mono-energía y/o energía dual con aire comprimido y/o energía adicional, que comprende una cámara activa incluida en el cilindro |
ZA2013/02708A ZA201302708B (en) | 2010-10-04 | 2013-04-15 | Mono-energy and/or dual-energy engine with compressed air and/or additional energy, comprising an active chamber included in the cylinder |
CR20130193A CR20130193A (es) | 2010-10-04 | 2013-05-02 | Motor de mono-energía y/o energía dual con aire comprimido y/o energía adicional, que comprende una cámara activa incluida en el cilindro |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1058005A FR2965581B1 (fr) | 2010-10-04 | 2010-10-04 | Moteur a chambre active incluse mono et/ou bi energie a air comprime et/ou a energie additionnelle |
FR1058005 | 2010-10-04 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2012045693A1 true WO2012045693A1 (fr) | 2012-04-12 |
Family
ID=44146812
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2011/067211 WO2012045693A1 (fr) | 2010-10-04 | 2011-10-03 | Moteur mono et/ou bi-énergie à air comprimé et/ou à énergie additionnelle à chambre active incluse dans le cylindre |
Country Status (27)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20130239563A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2625385A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2013542367A (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20130117783A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN103201457B (fr) |
AP (1) | AP3564A (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2011311695B2 (fr) |
BR (1) | BR112013008073A2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2810930C (fr) |
CL (1) | CL2013000828A1 (fr) |
CO (1) | CO6741149A2 (fr) |
CR (1) | CR20130193A (fr) |
CU (1) | CU20130051A7 (fr) |
EA (1) | EA201390479A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2965581B1 (fr) |
GE (1) | GEP20156344B (fr) |
IL (1) | IL225296A0 (fr) |
IN (1) | IN2013MN00608A (fr) |
MA (1) | MA34543B1 (fr) |
MX (1) | MX2013002592A (fr) |
MY (1) | MY164380A (fr) |
NZ (1) | NZ608179A (fr) |
PE (1) | PE20140472A1 (fr) |
SG (1) | SG189276A1 (fr) |
UA (1) | UA113278C2 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2012045693A1 (fr) |
ZA (1) | ZA201302708B (fr) |
Cited By (3)
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WO2015177076A2 (fr) | 2014-05-22 | 2015-11-26 | Motor Development International S.A | Moteur à air comprimé à chambre active incluse et à distribution active à l'admission |
WO2022100810A1 (fr) | 2020-11-11 | 2022-05-19 | Motor Development International S.A. | Moteur à air comprimé à chambre active incluse et à distribution active à soupape équilibrée |
WO2023217413A1 (fr) | 2022-05-10 | 2023-11-16 | Motor Development International Sa | Moteur à air comprimé à chambre active incluse et à distribution active à soupape d'échappement équilibrée permettant une désactivation de cylindre |
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FR2905404B1 (fr) * | 2006-09-05 | 2012-11-23 | Mdi Motor Dev Internat Sa | Moteur a chambre active mono et/ou bi energie a air comprime et/ou energie additionnelle. |
FR3009580B1 (fr) * | 2013-08-06 | 2015-08-21 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Moteur hybride thermique pneumatique a elements de stockage d'energie thermique |
CN103437817A (zh) * | 2013-08-15 | 2013-12-11 | 谢坤 | 活塞式多缸空气能驱动方法及驱动装置 |
CN103437824A (zh) * | 2013-08-15 | 2013-12-11 | 谢坤 | 活塞式多缸空气能驱动装置的压力平衡方法及系统 |
CN103527251A (zh) * | 2013-10-31 | 2014-01-22 | 孙超 | 排气涡轮增力二行程空气动力发动机总成 |
CN107288769A (zh) * | 2017-06-13 | 2017-10-24 | 麦镇荣 | 四冲程梯次做功发动机 |
JP7426997B2 (ja) * | 2018-11-09 | 2024-02-02 | ツアー エンジン, インコーポレイテッド | 分割サイクルエンジンのための移送機構 |
US20220120184A1 (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2022-04-21 | Seth Gussow | External compression engine |
FR3141716A1 (fr) * | 2022-11-08 | 2024-05-10 | Jean-Pierre Reyal | Moteur à air comprimé et cycle d'injection de l'air comprimé. |
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WO2008028881A1 (fr) | 2006-09-05 | 2008-03-13 | Mdi - Motor Development International S.A. | Moteur optimisé à air comprimé ou gaz et/ou énergie supplémentaire possédant une chambre de détente active |
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2011
- 2011-03-10 UA UAA201305248A patent/UA113278C2/uk unknown
- 2011-10-03 JP JP2013532149A patent/JP2013542367A/ja active Pending
- 2011-10-03 WO PCT/EP2011/067211 patent/WO2012045693A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2011-10-03 AP AP2013006795A patent/AP3564A/xx active
- 2011-10-03 PE PE2013000780A patent/PE20140472A1/es active IP Right Grant
- 2011-10-03 SG SG2013025374A patent/SG189276A1/en unknown
- 2011-10-03 MX MX2013002592A patent/MX2013002592A/es unknown
- 2011-10-03 EA EA201390479A patent/EA201390479A1/ru unknown
- 2011-10-03 BR BR112013008073A patent/BR112013008073A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-10-03 IN IN608MUN2013 patent/IN2013MN00608A/en unknown
- 2011-10-03 MA MA35768A patent/MA34543B1/fr unknown
- 2011-10-03 GE GEAP201113075A patent/GEP20156344B/en unknown
- 2011-10-03 NZ NZ608179A patent/NZ608179A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-10-03 AU AU2011311695A patent/AU2011311695B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2011-10-03 MY MYPI2013001186A patent/MY164380A/en unknown
- 2011-10-03 EP EP11764179.5A patent/EP2625385A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-10-03 US US13/822,946 patent/US20130239563A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-10-03 CN CN201180048061.XA patent/CN103201457B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-10-03 CA CA2810930A patent/CA2810930C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-10-03 KR KR1020137011563A patent/KR20130117783A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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2013
- 2013-03-18 IL IL225296A patent/IL225296A0/en unknown
- 2013-03-19 CO CO13054376A patent/CO6741149A2/es unknown
- 2013-03-26 CL CL2013000828A patent/CL2013000828A1/es unknown
- 2013-04-04 CU CU2013000051A patent/CU20130051A7/es unknown
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WO2003006795A1 (fr) * | 2001-08-08 | 2003-01-23 | Yury Bogomolov | Procede de fonctionnement et d'agencement d'un moteur a pistons a air comprime |
WO2003036088A1 (fr) | 2001-10-25 | 2003-05-01 | Mdi Motor Development International Societe Anonyme | Groupe motocompresseur-motoalternateur a injection d'air comprime additionnel fonctionnant en mono et pluri energies |
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WO2008028881A1 (fr) | 2006-09-05 | 2008-03-13 | Mdi - Motor Development International S.A. | Moteur optimisé à air comprimé ou gaz et/ou énergie supplémentaire possédant une chambre de détente active |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2015177076A2 (fr) | 2014-05-22 | 2015-11-26 | Motor Development International S.A | Moteur à air comprimé à chambre active incluse et à distribution active à l'admission |
US10371023B2 (en) | 2014-05-22 | 2019-08-06 | Motor Development International S.A. | Compressed-air engine with an integrated active chamber and with active intake distribution |
WO2022100810A1 (fr) | 2020-11-11 | 2022-05-19 | Motor Development International S.A. | Moteur à air comprimé à chambre active incluse et à distribution active à soupape équilibrée |
WO2023217413A1 (fr) | 2022-05-10 | 2023-11-16 | Motor Development International Sa | Moteur à air comprimé à chambre active incluse et à distribution active à soupape d'échappement équilibrée permettant une désactivation de cylindre |
FR3135486A1 (fr) | 2022-05-10 | 2023-11-17 | Motor Development International Sa | Moteur à air comprimé à chambre active incluse et à distribution active à soupape d’échappement équilibrée permettant une désactivation de cylindre |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2965581B1 (fr) | 2014-05-16 |
US20130239563A1 (en) | 2013-09-19 |
MX2013002592A (es) | 2013-08-21 |
AU2011311695A1 (en) | 2013-04-11 |
JP2013542367A (ja) | 2013-11-21 |
IL225296A0 (en) | 2013-06-27 |
CA2810930C (fr) | 2018-11-20 |
ZA201302708B (en) | 2013-11-27 |
CA2810930A1 (fr) | 2012-04-12 |
IN2013MN00608A (fr) | 2015-09-11 |
EA201390479A1 (ru) | 2013-07-30 |
NZ608179A (en) | 2014-05-30 |
SG189276A1 (en) | 2013-05-31 |
GEP20156344B (en) | 2015-08-10 |
AP3564A (en) | 2016-01-27 |
KR20130117783A (ko) | 2013-10-28 |
CN103201457A (zh) | 2013-07-10 |
MY164380A (en) | 2017-12-15 |
AU2011311695B2 (en) | 2015-10-22 |
UA113278C2 (xx) | 2017-01-10 |
CU20130051A7 (es) | 2013-09-27 |
CN103201457B (zh) | 2016-08-03 |
MA34543B1 (fr) | 2013-09-02 |
CR20130193A (es) | 2013-08-27 |
AP2013006795A0 (en) | 2013-04-30 |
PE20140472A1 (es) | 2014-04-16 |
FR2965581A1 (fr) | 2012-04-06 |
CL2013000828A1 (es) | 2014-01-10 |
BR112013008073A2 (pt) | 2016-06-14 |
CO6741149A2 (es) | 2013-08-30 |
EP2625385A1 (fr) | 2013-08-14 |
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